Alopex lagopus (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:40.

TYPE LOCALITY: "alpibus Lapponicis, Sibiria, " restricted by Thomas (1911a) to " Sweden (Lapland)."

DISTRIBUTION: Circumpolar, entire tundra zone of the Holarctic, including most of the Arctic islands.

SYNONYMS: arctica Oken, 1816; argenteus Billberg, 1827; beringensis Merriam, 1902; beringianus Cherski, 1920; caerulea Nilsson, 1820; fuliginosus Bechstein, 1799; groenlandicus Bechstein, 1799; hallensis Merriam, 1900; innuitus Merriam, 1902; kenaiensis Brass, 1911; pribilofensis Merriam, 1902; spitzbergenensis Barrett-Hamilton and Bonhote, 1898; typicus Barrett-Hamilton and Bonhote, 1898; ungava Merriam, 1902.

COMMENTS: Viable hybrids have been recorded between Alopex lagopus and Vulpes vulpes (Chiarelli, 1975).