Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:66.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden.

DISTRIBUTION: N Eurasia from Scandinavia and Poland, east to Anadyr region (E Siberia); south to Ukraine and S Siberia, N Mongolia and N China (Xingjiang, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang); Alaska (USA); Canada; N USA; extinct in Caucasus region since last century; introduced to New Zealand.

SYNONYMS: americanus, andersoni, angusticephalus, antiquorum, bedfordiae, buturlini, cameloides, caucasicus, columbae, coronatus, europaeus, gigas, jubata, machlis, meridionalis, palmatus, pfizenmayeri, shirasi, tymensis, uralensis, yakutskensis.

COMMENTS: Revised by R.L. Peterson (1952); reviewed by Franzmann (1981, Mammalian Species, 154).