Taxonomic key to the known larvae of genera of family Platycnemididae in Asia

The larval comparison was based mainly on Orr & Dow (2015b) supplemented with Fraser (1943); Lieftinck (1953); Eda (1965); Ishida (1996); Xu (2013); Orr & Dow (2016); Chen & Yu (2020); Saetung et al. (2020); Xu (2021).

1 Labium with one pair of premental setae................................................................... 2

1’ Labium with more than one pair of premental setae.......................................................... 6

2 Palpal setae with same length; vertical lamella caudal gills.................................................... 3

2’ Palpal setae with different length; triquetro - quadrate caudal gills (Fig. 13A), triradiate in transverse section.... Calicnemia

3 2–4 palpal setae; weakly and moderately produced ligula; caudal gills with or without petiole......................... 4

3’ 6 palpal setae; strongly produced ligula; foliate caudal gills with distinct petiole (Fig. 13G).................. Onychargia

4 3–4 palpal setae; moderately produced ligula; denodate or subnodate vertical lamella caudal gills..................... 5

4’ 2 palpal setae; weakly produced ligula (Fig. 12D); nodate vertical lamella caudal gills, oblong shaped (Fig. 13C)..... Nososticta

5 3 palpal setae; subnodate vertical lamella caudal gills, broad ovate shaped, with nodus on middle and distal thirds (Fig. 13F)............................................................................................. Caconeura

5’ 3–4 palpal setae; denodate vertical lamella caudal gills, ovate shaped, without nodus (Fig. 13K)............. Prodasineura

6 Labium with 2 pairs of premental setae.................................................................... 7

6’ Labium with more than 2 pairs of premental setae........................................................... 9

7 3–4 palpal setae; denodate vertical lamella caudal gills........................................................ 8

7’ 4 palpal setae; subnodate vertical lamella caudal gills (Fig. 13I) with fimbriated shape.......................... Copera

8 3 palpal setae; moderately produced ligula (Fig. 12G); presence of protuberance on occipital margin; body shorter than 1.3 x length of caudal gills........................................................................ Pseudocopera

8’ 3–4 palpal setae; strongly produced ligula (Fig. 12I); absence of protuberance on occipital margin; body longer than 1.5 x length of caudal gills......................................................................... Platycnemis

9 3–6 pairs of premental setae; 4–9 palpal setae; subdonate vertical lamella caudal gills.............................. 10

9’ 4 pairs of premental setae; 6–7 palpal setae; triquetro - quadrate type caudal gills (Fig. 13B), triradiate in transverse section.......................................................................................... Disparoneura

10 3–4 pairs of premental setae, 4–6 palpal setae; foliate to ovate caudal gills, with or without petiole (Figs. 13D, 13J) Coeliccia

10’ 5–6 pairs of premental setae, 8–9 palpal setae; ovate caudal gills, without petiole (Fig. 13H)................ Indocnemis