Local Climate Zone teaser maps for the 15 largest functional urban areas stratified by urban ecoregion. This LCZ teaser readme.txt file was generated on 20220117 by Matthias Demuzere ------------------- GENERAL INFORMATION ------------------- Title of Dataset: Teaser LCZ maps extracted from the global Principal Authors Information: Principal Investigator: Matthias Demuzere (matthias.demuzere ~at~ rub.de) Alternate Contact: Benjamin Bechtel (benjamin.bechtel ~at~ rub.de) Summary: A global 100 m spatial resolution Local Climate Zone (LCZ) map, derived from multiple earth observation datasets and expert LCZ class labels. The LCZ map is based on the LCZ typology (Stewart and Oke, 2012) that distinguish urban surfaces accounting for their typical combination of micro-scale land-covers and associated physical properties. The LCZ scheme is distinguished from other land use / land cover schemes by its focus on urban and rural landscape types, which can be described by any of the 17 classes in the LCZ scheme. Out of the 17 LCZ classes, 10 reflect the 'built' environment, and each LCZ type is associated with generic numerical descriptions of key urban canopy parameters critical to model atmospheric responses to urbanisation. In addition, since LCZs were originally designed as a new framework for urban heat island studies (Stewart and Oke, 2012), they also contain a limited set (7) of 'natural' land-cover classes that can be used as 'control' or 'natural reference' areas. As these seven natural classes in the LCZ scheme can not capture the heterogeneity of the world’s existing natural ecosystems, we advise users - if required - to combine the built LCZ classes with any other land-cover product that provides a wider range of natural land-cover classes. -------------------------- SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION -------------------------- Licenses/restrictions placed on the data, or limitations of reuse: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. Recommended citations for the data: - Demuzere, M., Kittner, J., Martilli, A., Mills, G., Moede, C., Stewart, I. D., Vliet, J. van, & Bechtel, B. (2022a). A global map of Local Climate Zones to support earth system modelling and urban scale environmental science. Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. - Demuzere M, Kittner J, Martilli A, et al. Global Local Climate Zone map. Zenodo (2022b) doi:10.5281/zenodo.6364594. Other Notes: Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this data and associated documentation files, to use these data without restriction, subject to the following: - Understand that these data are created by crowd sourcing and machine learning and thus will naturally contain some errors. It comes as it is without any warranty. - The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the data. - The authors and WUDAPT contributors are acknowledged where appropriate - For scientific use, the following papers could be cited to introduce the LCZ concepts: * Stewart, I. D., & Oke, T. R. (2012). Local Climate Zones for Urban Temperature Studies. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 93(12), 1879–1900. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00019.1 * Bechtel B, Daneke C (2012) Classification of Local Climate Zones based on multiple Earth Observation data. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 5:1191-1202 http://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2012.2189873 * Bechtel B., Alexander P.J., Böhner J., Ching J., Conrad O., Feddema J., Mills G., See L., Stewart I. (2015) Mapping Local Climate Zones for a Worldwide Database of the Form and Function of Cities. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 4:199-219. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010199 * Ching, J., Mills, G., Bechtel, B., See, L., Feddema, J., Wang, X., … Theeuwes, N. (2018). WUDAPT: An Urban Weather, Climate, and Environmental Modeling Infrastructure for the Anthropocene. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 99(9), 1907–1924. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0236.1 * Bechtel, B., Alexander, P. J., Beck, C., Böhner, J., Brousse, O., Ching, J., … Xu, Y. (2019). Generating WUDAPT Level 0 data – Current status of production and evaluation. Urban Climate, 27, 24–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2018.10.001 * Demuzere, M., Bechtel, B., & Mills, G. (2019). Global transferability of local climate zone models. Urban Climate, 27, 46–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2018.11.001 * Demuzere, M., Bechtel, B., Middel, A., & Mills, G. (2019). Mapping Europe into local climate zones. PLOS ONE, 14(4), e0214474. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214474 * Bechtel B., Demuzere M., Stewart ID. (2020) A Weighted Accuracy Measure for Land Cover Mapping: Comment on Johnson et al. Local Climate Zone (LCZ) Map Accuracy Assessments Should Account for Land Cover Physical Characteristics that Affect the Local Thermal Environment. Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 2420. Remote Sens. 12(11):1769. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12111769 * Demuzere M., Hankey S., Mills G., Zhang W., Lu T., Bechtel B. (2020) Combining expert and crowd-sourced training data to map urban form and functions for the continental US. Sci Data. 7(1):264. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00605-z * Demuzere M., Kittner J., Bechtel B. (2021) LCZ Generator: A Web Application to Create Local Climate Zone Maps. Front Environ Sci. 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.637455 -------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW -------------------- Files and brief description: 1. lcz_filter_v1.tif The recommended global LCZ map, compressed as GeoTIFF, with LCZ classes indicated by numbers 1-17. LCZ labels are obtained after applying the morphological Gaussian filter described in Demuzere et al. (2020). The official color scheme - as indicated in the table below - is embedded into the GeoTIFF. The table below describes the class number | official class description | official hex color. LCZ 1 | Compact highrise | '#910613' LCZ 2 | Compact midrise | '#D9081C' LCZ 3 | Compact lowrise | '#FF0A22' LCZ 4 | Open highrise | '#C54F1E' LCZ 5 | Open midrise | '#FF6628' LCZ 6 | Open lowrise | '#FF985E' LCZ 7 | Lightweight low-rise | '#FDED3F' LCZ 8 | Large lowrise | '#BBBBBB' LCZ 9 | Sparsely built | '#FFCBAB' LCZ 10 | Heavy Industry | '#565656' LCZ 11 (A) | Dense trees | '#006A18' LCZ 12 (B) | Scattered trees | '#00A926' LCZ 13 (C) | Bush, scrub | '#628432' LCZ 14 (D) | Low plants | '#B5DA7F' LCZ 15 (E) | Bare rock or paved | '#000000' LCZ 16 (F) | Bare soil or sand | '#FCF7B1' LCZ 17 (G) | Water | '#656BFA' Other characteristics: - Projection: World Geodetic System 1984 (EPSG:4326) - Size: 389620, 155995 - Spatial Resolution: 0.000898° (~ 100 m) - Representative for the nominal year of 2018 2. lcz_v1.tif Same as 1., but presenting the raw LCZ map, before applying the morphological Gaussian filter. 3. lcz_probability_v1.tif A probability layer (%) that identifies how often the modal LCZ was chosen per pixel (e.g. a probability of 60% means that the modal LCZ class was mapped 30 times out of 50 LCZ models). This is a pixel-based probability, derived from the lcz_v1.tif map. -------------------- VERSIONS -------------------- If there are there multiple versions of the dataset, list the file updated, when and why update was made: _v1: initial release of the data (20220222)