Broadly distributed throughout North America; in Canada recorded in every province except for Prince Edward Island, and not on the island of Newfoundland. In the Maritime Provinces primarily recorded in southern Nova Scotia and New Brunswick (Fig. 2). In the United States widely distributed in the east and west with fewer records in the Great Plains. Larvae found under bark, primarily of Pinus spp. and also Picea mariana, and Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. (Pinaceae) (Pollock 1991). In Nova Scotia found associated with Pinus strobus, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr., and Picea rubens Sarg. (Pinaceae).