Vespula germanica (Fabricius, 1793)

Figs 6 (a–d)

Female: Body length 8–13 mm (n = 25), fore wing length 9–13 mm (n = 25). Male: Body length 13 mm (n = 1), fore wing length 14 mm (n = 1).

Material examined. PAKISTAN: Balochistan: Ziarat, 2 Ψ, 17.ix. 1988, Kalat, 1 Ψ, 20.ix. 1988, Afzal (PMNH). Gilgit-Baltistan: Daimer, 2 Ψ, 26.vii. 1987, Abro; Gilgit, 2 Ψ, 29.vii. 1987, Bagrot, 1 Ψ, 29.vii. 1987, Hunza, 5 Ψ, 31.vii. 1987, Afzal; Chillas, 5 Ψ, 04.viii. 1987, Abro; Gulmit, 3 Ψ, 14.ix. 1987, Khyber, 6 Ψ, 16.ix. 1987, Dih, 1 Ψ, 17.ix. 1987, Burt, 1 Ψ, 18.ix. 1987, Khuramabad, 2 Ψ, 19.ix. 1987, Shish kot, 5 Ψ, 21.ix. 1987, Gulkin, 1 Ψ, 27.ix. 1987, Passu, 10 Ψ, 29.ix. 1987, Aliabad, 3 Ψ, 30.ix. 1987, Nagar, 1 ɗ, 01.x. 1987, Afzal; Denor, 2 Ψ, 17.viii. 1988, Dih, 3 Ψ, 19.viii. 1988, Sost, 1 Ψ, 20.viii. 1988, Abro; Sost, 1 Ψ, 16.viii. 1988, Fiaz; Misger (Boyber), 1 Ψ, 10.viii. 2000, Mahmood (PMNH). Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa: Dir, 1 Ψ, 22.vii. 1986, Fiaz; Swat, Usho 4 Ψ, 10.viii. 1987, Abro; Chitral, 1 Ψ, 05.ix. 2006, Fakhruddin (PMNH); Abbottabad, 1 Ψ, 20.viii. 2008, 1Ψ, 21.viii. 2008, Mansehra, 1 Ψ, 22.viii. 2008, Aziz (AUPKP).

Distribution. Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Ascension Island, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Chile, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Gerogia, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Kazahkstan, Korea, Luxembourg, Malta, Mongolia, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, across Russia to Primorskii Krai, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Kingdom, USA, Ukraine, Uzbekistan (Carpenter & Kojima 1997; Dvořák 2007).