Discussion. Some populations are darker, almost like F. quadrioculata. A few specimens were found which share two characters with F. manolachei: the second posterior ocellus is rudimental and posterior side of the manubrium has one ap-chaeta.
Distribution and ecology. A transholarctic species (Babenko & Fjellberg 2006). A common and eurytopic species. Inhabits all types of forests and alpine sites, often in dry conditions, but very rare in steppes (Fig. 1: loc. 1– 3, 5 – 12, 15).