Simulium angustipes Edwards
Dunbar (1958 a, 1959, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘E’): Russia
Chubareva & Shcherbakov (1963 a, notes on general polytene features; as E. securiforme): [Russia]
Chubareva & Shcherbakov (1963 b, notes on general polytene features, photos of metaphase and lowmagnification polytene complements and ectopic pairing; as E. securiforme): Russia
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘E’): [Russia]
Shcherbakov (1965 a, photos of metaphase complement; as E. securiforme): Russia
Dunbar (1966 b, chromosomal key; as E. aureum group [in part]): Britain
Simonenko (1966, description; inversions mapped; photos of polytene complement [low magnification], ectopic pairing of chromosome ends, and selected polymorphisms; as E. securiforme): Russia
Shcherbakov (1969 a, photos of metaphase and interphase chromosomes; as E. securiforme): Russia
Chubareva (1979 a, notes on general polytene features; as E. securiforme): Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as E. securiforme): Armenia
Chubareva (1980 a, description, idiogram, partial comparison with S. reginae; as E. securiforme): Russia
Chubareva (1984, photos of metaphase and polytene complements; as E. securiforme): Russia
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photos of all arms, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘E’): Britain (England, Wales), Italy, Norway, Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as E. securiforme): Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2008 a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths; as E. securiforme): Russia
Day, Mustapha & Post (2010, diagnostic inversions mapped, low-magnification photos of chromosomes I and II): Britain (England)
Simulium aureum Fries
Dunbar (1958 a, 1959, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, photos of IS and IL, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘F’): Britain (England, Scotland), Russia
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘F’): [Europe, Russia]
Dunbar (1966 b, chromosomal key; as E. aureum group [in part]): Britain
Leonhardt (1985, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘F’): Britain (England, Scotland, Wales), Iceland, Norway, Russia
Leonhardt (1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘F’): Britain (England, Scotland, Wales), Denmark, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Russia
Leonhardt & Feraday (1989, idiogram, male chiasmate meiosis, sex chromosomes; as E. aureum ‘F’): Britain (England, Scotland, Wales), Denmark, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2000 b, note on general polytene features): Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2004, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2008 a, description, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia
Simulium azorense (Carlsson)
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘J’ [in part]): Azores
Leonhardt in Crosskey (1986, inversions mapped, photo of polytene complement): Azores
Simulium brachyantherum Rubtsov
Chubareva (1977 c, idiogram, notes on general polytene features and evolution of dichromosomic [n = 2] condition): [Uzbekistan]
Chubareva (1979 a, notes on general polytene features; as E. brachianterum [sic]): Uzbekistan
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, notes on general polytene features; as E. brachyanterum [sic]): Armenia
Chubareva (1980 a, description, partial comparison with S. reginae, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Uzbekistan
Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features): Uzbekistan
Chubareva & Petrova (2008 a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Uzbekistan
Simulium bracteatum Coquillett
Dunbar (1958 a, 1958 b, characterization; chosen as standard banding sequence for S. aureum group; idiogram; inversions mapped; origin of dichromosomic [n = 2] condition; photos of metaphase complement, all arms, and selected polymorphisms; resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘sibling A’): Canada
Dunbar (1959, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, photos of partial IIS, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘A’): Canada
Dunbar (1962, chromosomal key, description, idiogram, photo of polytene complement; as E. aureum ‘A’): Canada
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘A’): [Canada]
Rothfels & Mason (1975, male achiasmate meiosis; as E. aureum ‘A’): Canada
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male achiasmate meioisis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘A’): Canada, USA
Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key; as S. aureum ‘A’): USA
Leonhardt & Feraday (1989, notes on male achiasmate meiosis and sex chromosomes; as E. aureum ‘A’): Canada, USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America
Simulium donovani Vargas Dunbar (1958 a, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CI, IS, and IL with polymorphisms; resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘G’): USA
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘G’): [USA]
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, drawing of sex chromosomes, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photos of partial IS and sex chromosomes, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘G’): Guatemala, USA
Leonhardt & Feraday (1989, idiogram, male chiasmate meiosis, sex chromosomes; as E. aureum ‘G’): Guatemala, USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America
Simulium exulatum Adler, Currie & Wood 2004
Dunbar (1958 a, 1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CI, IS, IL, and secondary nucleolus; resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘C’): Canada
Dunbar (1962, chromosomal key, description, idiogram, photo of polytene complement, as E. aureum ‘C’): Canada, USA
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘C’): [Canada]
Rothfels & Mason (1975, centromere shift; drawing of centromere shift; idiogram; linked inversions; male achiasmate meiosis; photos of IL end, IIS arm and centromere region, and selected polymorphisms; as E. aureum ‘C’): Canada
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘C’): Canada, USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America
Simulium guimari Becker
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘M’): Canary Islands Adler in Crosskey & Báez (2004, diagnostic inversions mapped, photo of polytene complement): Canary Islands
Simulium kazahstanicum (Rubtsov)
Ismagulov (1993, notes on general polytene features [only abstract seen]): Kazakhstan Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features): Kazakhstan Chubareva & Petrova (2008 a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Kazakhstan Chubareva & Petrova (2009 b, description, low-magnification photos of mitotic and polytene complements): Kazakhstan
Simulium krymense (Rubtsov)
Chubareva & Petrova (2008 a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Ukraine (Crimea)
Simulium mellah Giudicelli & Bouzidi
Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat (2015, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, inversions mapped, photo of partial IS, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard): Algeria, Morocco
Simulium paucicuspis Rubtsov
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Tajikistan
Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Tajikistan
Chubareva & Petrova (2008 a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Tajikistan
Simulium petricolum (Rivosecchi)
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘J’): (country unspecified)
Leonhardt (1985, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of partial IS, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘J’ [in part]): Greece, Italy, Madeira, Russia, Spain
Leonhardt (1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of IS partial, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘J’ [in part]): Greece, Ireland, Italy, Madeira, Russia, Spain
Rothfels (1988, notes on mimic inversions, photo of partial IS): (country unspecified) Day, Mustapha & Post (2010, low-magnification photo of polytene complement): Britain (England) Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat (2015, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard): Morocco
Simulium pilosum Knowlton & Rowe
Dunbar (1958 a, 1958 b, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, origin of dichromosomic [n = 2] condition, photos of metaphase and polytene complements and all arms, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘sibling B’): Canada
Dunbar (1959, characterization; cytodendrogram; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of CI, partial IIS, and ectopic pairing of centromeres; resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘B’): Canada Dunbar (1962, chromosomal key, description, idiogram, photo of polytene complement; as E. aureum ‘B’): Canada, USA
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘B’): [Canada]
Rothfels & Mason (1975, male achiasmate meiosis; as E. aureum ‘B’): Canada Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male achiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘B’): Canada, USA Leonhardt & Feraday (1989, notes on male achiasmate meiosis and sex chromosomes): Canada Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key; as S. aureum ‘B’): USA
Currie & Adler (1986, notes on sex chromosomes; as S. aureum ‘cytospecies B’): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, notes on geographic variation, photo of polytene complement): Canada
Simulium reginae Terteryan
Chubareva (1979 a, notes on general polytene features): Georgia
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Georgia
Chubareva (1980 a, description, partial comparison with S. angustipes [as E. securiforme] and S. brachyantherum, photos of metaphase and polytene complements): Georgia
Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia, Georgia
Chubareva & Petrova (2008 a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia, Georgia
Simulium rubzovianum (Sherban)
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘I’): (country unspecified)
Leonhardt (1985, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of partial IS, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘I’): Britain (England, Scotland, Wales)
Leonhardt (1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of partial IS, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘I’): Britain (England, Scotland, Wales), Germany
Dunbar in Rothfels (1989, notes on chromosomal distinction from S. aureum ‘K’; as S. aureum ‘sibling I’]: Gibraltar
Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat (2015, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, inversions mapped, photos of IS [partial] and sex chromosomes, recognition of ‘Cytoform 4 ’ as probable species, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. velutinum ‘Cytospecies 1 ’ and S. velutinum ‘Cytoform 4 ’): Algeria, Finland, Iran, Italy, Morocco, Sweden, Turkey
Simulium velutinum (Santos Abreu)
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘L’): Canary Islands
Adler in Crosskey & Báez (2004, diagnostic inversion mapped, photo of polytene complement, possible conspecificity with S. rubzovianum [as S. velutinum]; as S. tenerificum): Canary Islands
Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat (2015, characterization; chromosomal phylogeny; inversions mapped; photos of IL [partial], IIL, and sex chromosomes; resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; tenerificum established as synonym of velutinum; as S. velutinum ‘Cytospecies 2 ’): Algeria, Canary Islands, Morocco
Simulium violator Adler, Currie & Wood
Dunbar (1958 a, 1959, characterization, cytodendrogram, idiogram, inversions mapped, photos of IL and selected polymorphisms, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as S. aureum ‘D’): Canada
Dunbar (1962, chromosomal key, description, idiogram; as E. aureum ‘D’): Canada
Dunbar (1965, cytodendrogram; as E. aureum ‘D’): [Canada]
Rothfels & Mason (1975, male achiasmate meiosis; as E. aureum ‘D’): Canada
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male achiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard; as E. aureum ‘D’): Canada
Adler & McCreadie (1997, low-magnification photo of polytene complement): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America
Simulium aureum ‘sibling K’ Leonhardt
Leonhardt (1985, 1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard): Gibraltar
Dunbar in Rothfels (1989, notes on chromosomal distinction from S. rubzovianum [as S. aureum ‘sibling I’]): Gibraltar
Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat (2015, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard): Spain
Simulium aureum ‘sibling N’ Leonhardt
Leonhardt (1987, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard): Italy
Simulium velutinum ‘Cytospecies 3 ’ Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat
Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat (2015, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, inversions mapped, photos of IS and IIS with sex chromosomes, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard): Algeria
Simulium velutinum ‘Cytospecies 5 ’ Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat
Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui & Belqat (2015, characterization, chromosomal phylogeny, inversions mapped, photos of IL [partial] and IIS, resolution relative to S. aureum group standard): Morocco