Figs. 47–60
Distribution. The Crimea, the southern part of European Russia, the North Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Irkutsk Oblast, Transbaikalia, the southern regions of the Russian Far East (Bukhvalova, 1998), and the Southern Sakhalin (our data). Until now was not found in Western Siberia (Altai, Tyva). Western boundary of the range is obscure.
Localities. 1. Turkestan Mtn. Range, environs of Katran Village, the Layli Mazar River 2–3 km upstream from the mouth (i. e. from the source of the Lyaylyak River), 11. VII. 2014. Signals of 1 ♂ recorded on disk at 32o C (Figs. 47, 51, and 56).
2. Northern shore of the Tortkul’ Reservoir ca. 12 km West of Batken, saline meadow, 9. VII. 2014. Signals of 1 ♂ recorded on disk at 35o C (Figs. 48, 52, and 57).
3. The West Tien Shan Mts., Chatkal Mtn. Range, Sary Chelek Nature Reserve, environs of Arkyt Village, mountain steppes on the slopes between Sarykamysh glade and the Irikol’ Lake, 22. VII. 2008. Signals of 3 ♂ recorded on disk at 35–40o C (Figs. 49, 53, and 58).
4. The Central Tien Shan Mts., the Kekemeren River Basin, the Western Karakol River ca. 10 km from the mouth (10 km East-North-East from Suusamyr Village), mountain steppes on the right bank, 7. VII. 2016. Signals of 1 ♂ recorded on disk at 30–32o C.
6. The Central Tien Shan Mts., the Dzhumgal River Valley East of Chaek, 30. VI. 2014. Signals of 1 ♂ recorded on disk at 41o C (Figs. 54 and 59).
7. Southern shore of the Issyk-Kul’ (Ysyk Köl) Lake, meadows in the mouth of the Tossor River (17 km East of Kaji Say), 16. VII. 2013. Signals of 1 ♂ recorded on disk at 34o C (Figs. 50, 55, and 60).
References to song. Bukhvalova (1993, 1998): recordings from the Crimea, the southern regions of European Russia, the North Caucasus, South Turkmenistan, South Kazakhstan, Amur Oblast, and Primorskiy Kray; Benediktov (2005): recordings from Irkutsk Oblast; Savitsky & Lekarev (2007): recordings from the Lower Volga Region and Western Kazakhstan (Janybek, ca. 5 km from the Russia border); Savitsky (2009): recordings from Western Kazakhstan (Janybek, ca. 5 km from the Russia border); Tishechkin & Bukhvalova (2009a, b): recordings from Saratov Oblast, Eastern Siberia, and Primorskiy Kray.
The main part of the calling song is an echeme lasting from 3 up to 10 s. The song begins quietly reaching maximum intensity in first 2–4 s. In 1.5–4 s after the end of the main part male usually produces 1–3 shorter echemes with more abrupt beginning (Figs. 47–50). The second half of each syllable usually has higher amplitude and includes 2–4 gaps (Figs. 51–60). A syllable repetition period averages 100–160 ms in our recordings.
Comparative notes. G. maritimus is a most common gomphocerine species in all regions of Kyrgyzstan from the arid foothills up to about 2000 m above sea level. Signals of different males somewhat vary in an echeme duration and a syllable shape but all these differences are within the variation range observed in other regions. Thus, in acoustic traits males from the mountains of Kyrgyzstan do not differ from the ones from European Russia, South Siberia, and the Russian Far East.