Figs 15A–C
Tobias caudatus Mello-Leitão, 1929: 88, figs 187–188. Machado et al. 2015: 567, figs 1–11.
Epicadus caudatus (Mello-Leitão). Machado et al. 2017: 448, figs 3A, S2B, S5D, S6F, S9C, S10A, S15A.
Type material: Holotype (designated by Mello-Leitão 1929): female, Tijuca [22°57'31.38"S, 43°16'38.56"W, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil] (MNHN 26036, examined).
Other material examined. VENEZUELA: Aragua: 1 male, Rancho Grande (National Park, 1100m), 10°04'00"N, 67°32'36"W, 1960, J. Ojasti (MCZ). BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: 1 female, Rio de Janeiro (Tijuca), 22°55'57"S, 43°14'27"W, 1902, E.R. Wagner (MNHN 26016). Rio Grande do Sul: 1male, São Francisco de Paula (Potreiro Velho), 29°26'45"S, 50°34'50"W, 21–24 March 1996, A.A. Lise (MCTP 9855); 1 female, Novo Hamburgo, 29°41'16"S, 51°08'00"W, 17 June 1986, C.J. Becker (MCNZ 15170).
Diagnosis. Females of E. caudatus are very similar to those of E. pustulosus in the cryptic bark-dweller habitus with predominant dark-brown body coloration, squared leg segments and knobby femora, however, they can be distinguished at first sight by the presence of vivid orange/reddish blister-shaped setae sockets on the ventral surface of their anterior femora (Fig. 15C), while in females of E. pustulosus these structures are yellow (Fig. 15E). Females of E. caudatus also present a large median septum on the epigynal plate separating the exposed copulatory openings. Males can be recognized by the half-moon shaped stains on the dorsum of the opisthosoma, wide and stout opisthosomal projections and by the DTA pointing upwards.
Description. See Machado et al. (2015).
Distribution. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Bahia and Amazonas; VENEZUELA: Aragua; PUERTO RICO: Mora (Fig. 17A).