"eid","doi","date","title","abstract_cleaned","SDG01","SDG02","SDG03","SDG04","SDG05","SDG06","SDG07","SDG08","SDG09","SDG10","SDG11","SDG12","SDG13","SDG14","SDG15","SDG16","SDG17","1.1","1.2","1.3","1.4","1.5","1.a","1.b","2.1","2.2","2.3","2.4","2.5","2.a","2.b","2.c","3.1","3.2","3.3","3.4","3.5","3.6","3.7","3.8","3.9","3.a","3.b","3.c","3.d","4.1","4.2","4.3","4.4","4.5","4.6","4.7","4.a","4.b","4.c","5.1","5.2","5.3","5.4","5.5","5.6","5.a","5.b","5.c","6.1","6.2","6.3","6.4","6.5","6.6","6.a","6.b","7.1","7.2","7.3","7.a","7.b","8.1","8.2","8.3","8.4","8.5","8.6","8.7","8.8","8.9","8.10","8.a","8.b","9.1","9.2","9.3","9.4","9.5","9.a","9.b","9.c","10.1","10.2","10.3","10.4","10.5","10.6","10.7","10.a","10.b","10.c","11.1","11.2","11.3","11.4","11.5","11.6","11.7","11.a","11.b","11.c","12.1","12.2","12.3","12.4","12.5","12.6","12.7","12.8","12.a","12.b","12.c","13.1","13.2","13.3","13.a","13.b","14.1","14.2","14.3","14.4","14.5","14.6","14.7","14.a","14.b","14.c","15.1","15.2","15.3","15.4","15.5","15.6","15.7","15.8","15.9","15.a","15.b","15.c","16.1","16.2","16.3","16.4","16.5","16.6","16.7","16.8","16.9","16.10","16.a","16.b","17.1","17.2","17.3","17.4","17.5","17.6","17.7","17.8","17.9","17.10","17.11","17.12","17.13","17.14","17.15","17.16","17.17","17.18","17.19"
"2-s2.0-70350517719",,"2010-01-01","Status of eco-design in thai furniture industry","Furniture manufacturing is known to have considerable impacts on the environment and there is a definite trend towards environmental-friendly product designs in the industry worldwide. This paper reports the results of an exploratory research on the status of eco-design in the Thai furniture industry. Two basic research questions are addressed; 1) are there any eco-design activities and, if so, to what extent and 2) what are the driving forces that drive or hinder eco-design activities. A combination of research methodologies were employed; interviewing, survey, and actually examining selected products in the market. The results show that key personnel know very little about eco-design, but they have implemented a number of eco-design methods in their products and processes in practice. The driving force for such progress seems to be not from the environmental consciousness per se but rather the demands and requirements from the customers and the markets. The legal and supporting infrastructure to promote and move eco-design forward is just emerging and still rather weak. There are, however, considerable implementation problems and obstacles due to lack of technical know-how on the part of the personnel involved. It is concluded that the Thai furniture industry is implementing number of eco-design activities without knowing much about eco-design principles and the underlying philosophy. Public awareness and consequently the market force is key to moving eco-design forward. Effective campaigns and better education on sustainable development and eco-design, together with stronger legal and supporting infrastructure, would certainly help increase eco-design activities.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78651574981",,"2010-01-01","Treatment of dyeing industry effluents by using diverse bioadsorbents","Adsorption as a water and wastewater treatment process has aroused considerable interest during recent years. Activated carbon is most commonly used adsorbent. Dyeing effluents are highly toxic and unaesthetic, therefore, their treatment is mandatory prior to discharge. Hence, in the present work an attempt has been made to study the possibilities of employing tea waste, saw dust, rice husk, groundnut husk and walnut shell has bioadsorbents to improve the quality of dyeing effluents. The main parameters studied were pH, EC, TS, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD, calcium, magnesium, sulphate, chloride and sodium in both treated and untreated effluents. A decline in the levels of all these parameters were observed after the treatment.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84902505723",,"2010-01-01","Concentrated heat storage for solar heating","The FP7 sponsored DEARSUN project (short for 'DEvelopment of a direct solAR heating System capable of covering a full-year thermal load UsiNg high temperature thermal storage') was initiated in 2008 to develop a solar thermal heating system capable of covering the full-year heat and hot water load of a single family house using high temperature thermal storage. ACE Group with a team of European solar thermal experts, research institutions and industrial partners designed and optimized the system combining off-the shelf and innovative components (heat transfer fluid, highly insulated storage tanks, control system) with the aim of creating an efficient, affordable and reliable solar thermal solution for small and medium sized buildings. In 2009, the first prototype system was produced and installed on a pilot home. Actual performance of the prototype system over the 2009-2010 heating period has been closely monitored using web applications and evaluated against simulations and system performance expectations demonstrating the promising potential of this renewable energy solution for homes in south and central Europe.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,
"2-s2.0-85055394914",,"2010-01-01","Drinking water safety and standards for drinking water","Safe drinking water is one of the essentials of life, but drinking water contains many constituents and contaminants that can also threaten well-being. The most important of these are generally microbiological contaminants in the form of pathogens, ranging from viruses through bacteria to parasites, many of which contribute significantly to the death toll from the lack of safe drinking water in so many parts of the world. In addition, some chemicals that can be present in drinking water can also impact on health or the acceptability of drinking water. There is, however, a significant difference between pathogens and chemicals. Pathogens act within a short period of exposure and even very low numbers are capable of causing disease, if only in a small number of individuals, while chemicals generally require long exposure to high concentrations.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77956881341","10.1007/s10459-009-9203-1","2010-01-01","Are Asian international medical students just rote learners?","A wide variety of countries are seeking to attract international medical students. This could be due to the fact that their universities not only receive the economic benefit from these students, but also because they recognise the issues of cultural diversity and pedagogical practice. This review paper draws on literature to understand more fully the learning process of Asian international students. Whereas views on learning are different across cultures, medical school teachers must understand how Asian international students learn based on their culture. Two general themes emerged from the literature review: Firstly culture's influence on learning and secondly memorisation versus understanding, both of which relate to the learning process of Asian international students. This study shows that Asian international students have a different approach to learning, which is not just about rote learning. Changes in attitudes towards Asian international students may stimulate the internationalisation of a more culturally sensitive form of medical education. The paper suggests further work on the area of appreciative thinking in order to identify the epistemological and ontological dimensions for a flexible approach to learning. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77956233534","10.1016/j.apmr.2010.06.018","2010-01-01","Case-mix adjustment and enabled reporting of the health care experiences of adults with disabilities","Objectives To develop activity limitation clusters for case-mix adjustment of health care ratings and as a population profiler, and to develop a cognitively accessible report of statistically reliable quality and access measures comparing the health care experiences of adults with and without disabilities, within and across health delivery organizations. Design Observational study. Setting Three California Medicaid health care organizations. Participants Adults (N = 1086) of working age enrolled for at least 1 year in Medicaid because of disability. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Principal components analysis created 4 clusters of activity limitations that we used to characterize case mix. We indentified and calculated 28 quality measures using responses from a proposed enabled version of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey. We calculated scores for overall care as the weighted mean of the case-mix adjusted ratings. Results Disability caused a greater bias on health plan ratings and specialist ratings than did demographic factors. Proxy respondents rated care the same as self-respondents. Telephone and mail administration were equivalent for service reports, but telephone respondents tended to offer more positive global ratings. Plan-level reliability estimates for new composites on shared decision making and advice on healthy living are .79 and .87, respectively. Plan-level reliability estimates for a new composite measure on family planning did not discriminate between health plans because respondents rated all health plans poorly. Approximately 125 respondents per site are necessary to detect group differences. Conclusions Self-reported activity limitations incorporating standard questions from the American Community Survey can be used to create a disability case-mix index and to construct profiles of a population's activity limitations. The enabled comparative report, which we call the Assessment of Health Plans and Providers by People with Activity Limitations, is more cognitively accessible than typical CAHPS report templates for state Medicaid plans. The CAHPS Medicaid reporting tools may provide misleading ratings of health plan and physician quality by people with disabilities because the mean ratings do not account for systematic biases associated with disability. More testing on larger populations would help to quantify the strength of various reporting biases. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77954114948","10.1016/j.jembe.2010.03.018","2010-01-01","Organic matter release by coral reef associated benthic algae in the Northern Red Sea","Recent research indicates that coral reef associated benthic algae may control important metabolic processes in reef ecosystems via organic matter release. Yet little information is available about quantity and chemical composition of these algae-derived exudates. Therefore first comprehensive studies on algal organic matter release were conducted at a fringing reef ecosystem in the Northern Red Sea. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PN) release by dominant reef associated benthic algae (Caulerpa serrulata, Peyssonnelia capensis, turf algae assemblages) were quantified during 4 seasonally resolved expeditions. Additionally, 4 seasonal blooming (Ulva lactuca, Enteromorpha flexuosa, Liagora turneri, Hydroclathrus clathratus) and 2 patchy growing algae species (Lobophora variegata, Saragassum dentifolium) were included in these investigations. To complement the dataset organic matter release by Caulerpa was studied under different light conditions, simulating water depths of 1, 5, 10 and 20 m. Environmental parameters (temperature, light availability, inorganic nutrient concentrations) were monitored simultaneously to assess potential effects on algal organic matter release. All 9 investigated genera of benthic algae exuded DOC and POC in amounts of 12.2±2.1 and 4.2±0.3 mg organic C m-2 algae surface area h-1, respectively. Resident algae, primarily turf algae assemblages, displayed highest and seasonal blooming algae lowest organic matter release rates. Results therefore indicate that organic matter release rates are rather influenced by functional properties (growth form, life strategy) of algae than by taxonomic affiliation. Quantities of organic matter release showed seasonal and depth-mediated variations and were positively correlated with temperature and light availability within photosynthetically active radiation intensities of 0 to 300 μmol quanta m-2 s-1, suggesting photoinhibition as limiting factor for productivity and subsequent organic matter release. Stable isotope signatures of algae-derived organic carbon were within a common range and likewise subjected to seasonal variations (δ13C summer: -11.2%±0.2%; δ13 winter: -16.7%± 0.4%). These data provide first comprehensive information about a) the potential contribution of different benthic reef algae to cycles of matter and b) environmental key factors influencing organic matter release by benthic algae in the investigated fringing reef ecosystem.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84925609517","10.1017/CBO9780511761713.011","2010-01-01","The human rights system","The preceding chapters have explored concepts of human rights in the history of the West – both in biblical and classical sources as well as in various Christian theological traditions. These chapters demonstrate, in part, “that there was ample ‘liberty before liberalism,’ and that there were many human rights in place before there were modern democratic revolutions fought in their name.” They further illustrate that Christianity produced several important human rights ideals, even when it often defied those ideals in practice. The following chapters take up several modern human rights issues that ought to be of deep concern not only to modern-day Christians, but to all people who share an interest in the rights of human beings. These issues include freedom of conscience and freedom from religious discrimination, freedom of expression and religious association, religious autonomy and the right to religious self-determination, the rights of women, children, and parents, and issues involving social, economic, cultural, and environmental rights. These topics and others are now the subject of an immense body of international and regional human rights instruments as well as domestic constitutional laws and their judicial interpretation. This chapter provides a brief overview of the main forms and norms of human rights law that obtain today. Subsequent chapters will consider how Christianity has influenced and might further engage some of these human rights norms.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-73649128543","10.1074/jbc.M109.056762","2010-01-01","AMPK β1 deletion reduces appetite, preventing obesity and hepatic insulin resistance","The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is αβγ heterotrimer that regulates appetite and fuel metabolism. We have generated AMPK β1-/- mice on a C57Bl/6 background that are viable, fertile, survived greater than 2 years, and display no visible brain developmental defects. These mice have a 90% reduction in hepatic AMPK activity due to loss of the catalytic α subunits, with modest reductions of activity detected in the hypothalamus and white adipose tissue and no change in skeletal muscle or heart. On a low fat or an obesity-inducing high fat diet, β1-/- mice had reduced food intake, reduced adiposity, and reduced total body mass. Metabolic rate, physical activity, adipose tissue lipolysis, and lipogenesis were similar to wild type littermates. The reduced appetite and body mass of β1-/- mice were associated with protection from high fat diet-induced hyperinsulinemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. We demonstrate that the loss of β1 reduces food intake and protects against the deleterious effects of an obesity-inducing diet. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78649406322","10.1093/czoolo/56.6.660","2010-01-01","Demography and dynamics of mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia","We studied the population dynamics of endangered mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni between 2003-2005 in the Bale Mountains National Park. Line-transect sampling and total count methods were used to gather data on demographics and movement patterns. The population's age-group composition was 58% adults, 25% sub-adults, 9% juveniles, 5% calves and 3% unidentified with a female-male sex ratio of 2:1. Population density was found to be significantly different between the two sub-populations (Dinsho Sanctuary and Gaysay/Adelay). A significant difference was found for age-group composition across the two sub-populations except adult females, sub-adult males and calves. The Dinsho sub-population was an isolated group. Separation and containment of the mountain nyala population could have negatively affected their ability to search for habitat requirements and mates from distant areas. The population varied between 830-908 individuals (95% CI), a reduction of 45% from earlier reports. However, the mean population density increased due to contraction of the species' habitat range. We observed a population decrease of 2%-5% per year over the course of our study. Many of the assessed demographic parameters did not significantly change over the three years. This suggests that the decrease in nyala population was not due to random variations in reproduction. Anthropogenic factors such as competition with livestock for forage, habitat encroachment and poaching by the local people might have been partly responsible for the depleted population in our study areas. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-76849103136","10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05281.x","2010-01-01","The road to sustainability must bridge three great divides","The world's large and rapidly growing human population is exhausting Earth's natural capital at ever-faster rates, and yet appearsmostly oblivious to the fact that these resources are limited. This is dangerous for our well-being and perhaps for our survival, as documented by numerous studies overmany years.Why are we notmoving instead toward sustainable levels of use? We argue here that this disconnection between our knowledge and our actions is largely caused by three great divides: an ideological divide between economists and ecologists; an economic development divide between the rich and the poor; and an information divide,which obstructs communications between scientists, public opinion, and policymakers. These divides prevent our economies fromresponding effectively to urgent signals of environmental and ecological stress. The restoration of natural capital (RNC) can be an important strategy in bridging all of these divides. RNC projects and programs make explicit the multiple and mutually reinforcing linkages between environmental and economic well-being, while opening up a promising policy road in the search for a sustainable and desirable future for global society. The bridge-building capacity of RNC derives from its double focus: on the ecological restoration of degraded, overexploited natural ecosystems, and on the full socio-economic and ecological interface between people and their environments. ",1,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055155171","10.1201/b10540","2010-01-01","Health-related aspects of wastewater reuse in urban truck farming: A case study of Yaoundé, Cameroon","The reuse of wastewater in urban agriculture in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon, is a constant source of the spread of waterborne diseases. The wastewater which comes from households, hospitals, and markets, contains high levels of faecal bacteria (more than 106 CFU of coliforms and 100,000 CFU of Streptococci per 100 ml water). Parasitological analyses revealed the presence of protozoan cysts (Entamoeba histolytica: 2-62/litre water, Giardia: 0-7/litre water) and helminth eggs (0-37/litre water). Analyses of stool samples from a cohort of 50 individuals revealed that all categories of people concerned by market gardening (the market gardeners, vendors, and consumers) were affected by intestinal amoebiasis uniformly (about 20% of the individuals in each category were infested). Moreover, some cases of cholera and typhoid fever, as well as dermatitis, were reported in those involved in market gardening directly and consumers alike. This chapter presents the results of a study based on the Ecohealth approach, which revealed some risky behaviours and practices that amplify the deteriorating local health conditions. Focused measures taken by state authorities (such as the building of a wastewater treatment plant), nongovernmental organizations (through information and awareness-raising campaigns), and the various parties involved in market gardening (e.g., following good practices and rules of hygiene) could usefully be put into effect to promote safe urban truck farming as a way to meet various environmental, social, and economic concerns to meet the population’s needs most effectively.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77950974109","10.1590/s0103-90162010000100007","2010-01-01","Smectite in mangrove soils of the state of São Paulo, Brazil Esmectitas em solos de mangue no estado de São Paulo","Smectitic clay minerals are frequently identified in mangrove soils, but there is little information about their types and origins. Besides their importance in the agronomical and geotechnical areas, smectites play an important environmental role by adsorbing nutrients, organic pollutants and heavy metals. Smectites found in mangrove soils can be of marine or continental detrital origin, or of neoformation origin. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the types of smectites present in the State of São Paulo mangrove soils (Brazil), and to relate them to their possible origins. Soil samples were taken in five mangroves along the State of Sao Paulo State coast line. The mineral composition of the clay fraction was identified by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) applying the Greene-Kelly test and by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Highlighting the peaks in the 3,560 cm-1 band and in the region near 798 and 820 cm-1, there was a predominance of nontronite in the soil at the Sítio Grande River, Pai Matos Island, Caranguejo Island and Itapanhaú River mangroves, and possibly a lower concentration of ferric montmorillonite in the Escuro River mangrove. Since the continental sediments in these environments are very poor in smectite, the origin of these minerals in the mangrove soils studied is related to sedimentation left by past marine transgressions, to neoformation processes, or yet to a combination of both origins.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80054055216","10.2190/IQ.31.3.e","2010-01-01","Effects of PEPFAR on beneficiaries' determinants of health: Perspectives from a beneficiary community in Gaza province mozambique","While the national prevalence of HIV in Mozambique is estimated at 14%, Gaza has the highest provincial prevalence at 27%, almost double the national estimate. PEPFAR's mandate is to combat HIV/AIDS by providing treatment for 4 million people, prevent 12 million new infections, and care for 12 million people including 5 million orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). In Gaza, PEPFAR funds non-governmental organizations (NGOs) which provide community level activities. However, no assessment had been done of beneficiary's perception of PEPFAR initiatives. This article shares results of a study carried out to identify the perceived effects of PEPFAR interventions on the determinants of health among beneficiaries. Qualitative methods were used to explore which PEPFAR initiatives beneficiaries believed influenced their determinants of health. The findings exposed beneficiaries' determinants of health, and which PEPFAR initiatives affected those determinants, particularly those focused on nutrition, environmental influences, and educational support services. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84866667718","10.35808/ersj/299","2010-01-01","The analysis of the impact of panel attrition on estimation of regular-irregular worker wage gap in the KLIPS","The aim of this paper is analyzing the effect of panel attrition on estimation of regular-irregular worker wage gap using KLIPS (Korean Labor and Income Panel Study). Using two wave sub-panels of KLIPS, we first analyze the characteristics of attritions. We find that the nonrandom attrition has occurred and it causes the underestimation of regularirregular worker wage gap. Second, we decompose the attrition bias into 'ability bias' and 'distortion bias'. And third we develop the estimation strategies to reduce the bias. We have found that the bias is not negligible although it has been attenuated by change of job of workers.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78650073517","10.5172/rsj.20.1.85","2010-01-01","What is health anyway? Perceptions and experiences of health and health care from socio-economically disadvantaged rural residents","The divide between rich and poor in Australia is starkly apparent in health status statistics; the poorest Australians have the poorest health, and many live in rural Australia. However, little is known about financially deprived rural citizen’s perceptions of their own health and their expectations of health care services. As a result, exploratory in-depth interviews were conducted with eleven rural residents dependent upon government income support. Ten of the eleven participants had chronic health problems, and these were being addressed symptomatically. The children of the participants also required interventions for a range of physical, emotional and mental problems. The participants relied on local services and local practitioners to provide suitable interventions and to direct them to other services if required. They had minimal knowledge, control or choice in the type of intervention or outcomes. In this group, poor health was normalised and future health not considered. Thus, those with most to gain from health promotion and prevention activities and social inclusion programs are unlikely to benefit because they may normalise poor health. Concepts of good health, health literacy, informed consent, choice of intervention or practitioner are meaningless in this rural context of deprivation. These findings suggest that the population who endure the burden of ill-health will be by-passed by current and popular public health techniques of health promotion because rural people with poor health have low expectations of their own health and health care. Similarly, health service providers have high expectations of health and the rational choices of the population they serve. Thus, there is a major disconnect between the expectations of both. .",1,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-70849100044","10.1002/jsfa.3814","2010-01-30","Proteinase inhibitory activity of sarcoplasmic proteins from threadfin bream (Nemipterus spp.)","BACKGROUND:Thailand is the second largest surimi producer in the world and 50% of surimiis produced from threadfin bream. During surimi processing, sarcoplasmic proteins are removed through water washing and discarded in the waste stream. This study was aimed at investigating the proteinase inhibitory activity of sarcoplasmic proteins. RESULTS: Sarcoplasmic proteins from threadfin bream (TBSP) exhibited inhibitory activity toward trypsin but did not inhibit papain and chymotrypsin. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non-reducing condition stained by trypsin inhibitory activity revealed three protein bands of molecular mass of 95, 41 and 37 kDa. Inhibitory activity of TBSP reached a maximum when subjected to 45°C and completely disappeared at 60°C. The breaking force and deformation of lizardfish surimi gel with added TBSP and pre-incubated at 37° for 20 min increased with additional levels of TBSP (P < 0.05). Trichloroacetic acid-oligopeptide content of lizardfish surimi gel with added TBSP decreased with the addition of 4 g kg-1 TBSP (P < 0.05). Retention of myosin heavy chain (MHC) increased when TBSP concentration was increased. TBSP effectively protected MHC from proteolysis at 37°C to a similar extent as egg white powder, but efficacy of TBSP was not observed at 65°C. CONCLUSION: TBSP could be applied to reduce proteolytic degradation of lizardfish surimi or other surimi associated with trypsin-like proteinase, rendering an improvement in surimi gelation set at 37-40°C. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-74849090322","10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.12.002","2010-02-01","Palaeoecology of the Mammoth Steppe fauna from the late Pleistocene of the North Sea and Alaska: Separating species preferences from geographic influence in paleoecological dental wear analysis","The paleodietary ecology of Late Pleistocene ungulate faunas of the Mammoth Steppe ecosystem was investigated at Fairbanks (Alaska) and Brown Bank (North Sea) through dental mesowear and microwear analysis. The purpose of the study is to address questions concerning the paleoecology of the Mammoth Steppe, an ecosystem that has no extant analog. Dental wear patterns indicate that the niche partitioning at Brown Bank (BB) region was consistent with ecosystem dynamics found in diverse ungulate faunas in recent time. In contrast, despite the lower numbers of extinct taxa, the Fairbanks (FB) fauna is ecologically bizarre. In general, the microwear of this fauna includes excessive numbers of very (narrow) fine scratches that are atypical for extant mixed feeders and grazers. Moreover, the mesowear signal suggests unusual paleodiets (niche dynamics), where low-crowned mixed-feeding cervids, Rangifer and Cervus, adopted diets that are similar to Equus in terms of mesowear (abrasion) and much more abrasive than the diets of either Bison or Ovis. We suggest that the anomalies may relate to unique, possibly disharmonious, ecosystem dynamics during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. In addition to these findings, it was discovered (found) that dental wear patterns, particularly microwear variables such as scratch frequency and scratch width are strongly affected by geographic region, irrespective of species-specific dietary preferences.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77953707590","10.1007/s00271-010-0206-8","2010-02-04","Energy analysis of irrigation delivery systems: Monitoring and evaluation of proposed measures for improving energy efficiency","In Spain, the Ministry of Industry is implementing actions for analyzing the energy efficiency of Water User Associations (WUAs) by using energy indicators and proposing measures to improve the use of energy. The main objective of this work was to develop tools to improve energy efficiency in WUAs. These tools were validated by utilizing them in the energy analysis of 15 WUAs located in Castilla-La Mancha Region (Spain) during the 2007 irrigation season. These tools were also utilized for the proposal of measures to improve the use of energy. The proposed measures were monitored and evaluated in 7 of the 15 WUAs during the 2008 irrigation season. The developed tools were integrated into a Decision Support System for performing energy analysis and for proposing measures of energy efficiency improvement. In most of the study cases, an improvement of the energy efficiency after the implementation of the proposed measures was detected, with an average energy saving of the 10.2%. ",,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77956445030",,"2010-03-01","Changing youth dynamics in lusaka's informal economy in the context of economic liberalization","The paper examines the consequences of changes in economic regime on the self-employed in Lusaka and attendant political dynamics. The focus is on urban vendors, particularly youth. The paper discusses how economic restructuring involves new regimes of spatial regulation and new strategies of urban management that have resulted in intensified political tensions and struggles. These struggles arise from the interaction between externally driven agendas and local political dynamics. The paper argues that the relationships between the state and vendors, while long-standing, are today more antagonistic than ever before, in the context of economic liberalization, structural adjustment programs (SAP), poverty strategy reduction programs (PSRP), and highly indebted poor countries initiative (HIPC). This is demonstrated, firstly, with reference to recurrent controversies between urban regulatory authorities and vendors over access to, control over, and use of market and public space. Occurrences of state imposed removals and relocations of vendors and their responses are discussed. Secondly, political tensions have also emerged from shifts in (state and donor driven) strategies for market management. Tracing the history of market management forms in Lusaka and the legacy of political party influence in the markets, the paper describes how the decentralization of market management has increased conflicts between different interests within the markets and reinforced the role of political interest groups, rather than democratizing social relations in the markets. Such top-down shifts in forms of market management have sometimes triggered major clashes in the markets. ",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-76749096305","10.1038/ajh.2009.241","2010-03-01","Hospitalization costs associated with hypertension as a secondary diagnosis among insured patients aged 18-64 years","Background: We estimated the hospitalization costs associated with hypertension as a secondary diagnosis among insured adults aged 18-64 years by using data from 2005 MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters (CCAE) inpatient admissions. Methods: We analyzed costs for four patient groups (N = 455,944): (i) all selected patients; (ii) patients with the primary diagnosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD); (iii) patients with the primary diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease; and (iv) patients with neither IHD nor cerebrovascular disease as the primary diagnosis. We conducted propensity score matching to control possible bias in cost estimates due to sample selections and estimated the costs of hypertension by using a regression model on the matched populations that controlled for subjects' age, sex, length of hospital stay, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), region of residence, and urbanization of residence. Results: For all patients with hypertension as a secondary diagnosis, the estimated average annual hospitalization cost per patient was 21,094, of which 2,734 (13%; P 0.01) was associated with hypertension. The estimated average costs were 31,106 for patients with a primary diagnosis of IHD, 17,298 for those with a primary diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease, and 18,693 for those without a primary diagnosis of IHD or cerebrovascular disease; hypertension-associated costs for these patients were 3,540 (11.4%; P 0.01), 1,133 (6.5%; P 0.01), and 2,254 (12.1%; P 0.01), respectively. Conclusions: Hypertension-associated hospitalization costs are substantial among insured US patients aged 18-64 years with hypertension as a secondary diagnosis and suggest a need for cost-effective programs to prevent, manage, and control hypertension. .",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77951945044","10.1353/sgo.0.0077","2010-03-01","The formation of a hispanic enclave in Nashville, Tennessee","In the past two decades, Nashville, Tennessee has emerged as a new destination for Hispanic immigrants moving into the American South. Many of these newcomers have chosen to reside in the southeast section of the city in neighborhoods adjacent to two main thoroughfares - Nolensville and Murfreesboro Pikes. Residential clustering has fostered the development of various Hispanic- oriented businesses and services throughout southeast Nashville. In this article, I assert that the concentration of Hispanic residents and businesses in southeast Nashville has formed an ethnic enclave. Based on findings collected through an intensive qualitative approach, I argue that the creation of this enclave, complete with Hispanic businesses, organizations, and churches, interferes with the integration of Hispanics into the local community. The results of this study indicate that many Hispanics immigrants (both authorized and unauthorized) choose to operate almost entirely within this enclave which in turn reduces their involvement with members of the host society and slows down the acquisition of the English language. In many cases, this choice is based on language and perceived differences in culture between Hispanics and Anglos; however, interviews and conversations with younger Hispanic immigrants reveal that discriminatory public policies may lead Hispanic immigrants to adopt a strategy of self-segregation as a means of avoiding police harassment.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77955277656","10.1007/s11852-010-0096-1","2010-03-26","Using the paired comparison methodology to assess environmental values in the coastal zone of Ghana","Like many developing countries, Ghana is grappling with environmental issues, such as the degradation of coastal natural resources. In an attempt to ameliorate the current state of affairs, broad institutional arrangements and policy interventions have been put in place. However coastal natural resources are still being overexploited and the effects of this are felt more strongly by certain groups (such as women and the rural poor) than others. This has led to the argument pointing to an urgent need to include local resource users as active participants in environmental decision making and to incorporate their environmental values in the management of coastal natural resources. Using empirical data from women in two Ghanaian coastal communities, this paper highlights the importance of exploring how the environmental attitudes and values of women might be considered in the management of local coastal natural resources. It assesses effectiveness of the paired comparison methodology in this respects and how this method can be also used to prioritise their environmental concerns. The results show that in both areas respondents place the greatest importance on the coastal natural resources as sources of wealth creation and of food, values which are often described as being anthropocentric. The paper thus argues that having discovered that the ecological value placed on natural resources is low, initiatives that could win the support of people would be those that link the livelihood and wellbeing to coastal NRM. It emphasizes the fact that conservation cannot exist outside of people and social systems; nor will it succeed unless they are linked to the welfare of resource users. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77950866029","10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.03.001","2010-04-01","On the proportionality of EU spatial ex ante coexistence regulations: Reply","Desquilbet and Bullock (2010) criticize some aspects of our analysis of the European Union's (EU) spatial ex ante coexistence regulations (SEACERs) of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops presented in Demont et al. (2009). We argue that, besides misinterpreting some of our original arguments, the authors propose a policy analysis framework which is inconsistent with the main goal of the EU's SEACERs. Their example incorrectly suggests that SEACERs play an additional role of regulating non-GM crop supply on the market. This would be inefficient from a policy economics perspective, especially in an open economy where global trade is taken into account. Therefore, we argue that analyzing flexibility of SEACERs in a market framework could lead to erroneous conclusions and in that case a simple farm level analysis such as presented in Demont et al. (2009) is preferred. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-74549132627","10.1163/156914909X423836","2010-04-01","Statist globalization in China, Russia and the Gulf states","Over the last few years a number of developing countries have emerged as global economic powers. This resulted from a rise in oil and commodity prices, foreign direct investments and a global shift in production. Much of this growth has been guided by governments and under the control of state corporations leading to the phenomenon of statist globalization. Most observers see the emergence of developing countries in the context of nation-centric power struggles. But statist globalizers are part of the transnational capitalist class integrated at levels of production and finance. the result is a deepening of globalization, not a return to nation-centric competition. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77955026457","10.1093/jae/ejq013","2010-04-29","Birth order and schooling: Theory and evidence from twelve Sub-Saharan countries","This paper examines the impact of birth order on the discrimination between siblings in terms of schooling and child labour. Our dynamic model shows how birth order interacts with current and future consumption and highlights the crucial role of household wealth. Whereas in poor families liquidity constraints when children are young penalise earlier born children, richer families tend to invest more in the education of these children. We test these predictions by using recent Demographic and Health Surveys data sets for twelve Sub-Saharan countries. Controlling for household fixed effects, gender and age, our results confirm that the education levels of earlier born children are ceteris paribus lower than their later born siblings in poor households, whereas earlier-born children are more educated in richer ones.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77951253007","10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.11.003","2010-05-01","Virtual water 'flows' of the Nile Basin, 1998-2004: A first approximation and implications for water security","This paper interprets an initial approximation of the 'trade' in virtual water of Nile Basin states in terms of national water security. The virtual water content (on the basis of weight) of select recorded crop and livestock trade between 1998 and 2004 is provided, and analysed for each state separately, for the Southern Nile and Eastern Nile states as groups, and for the basin states as a whole. To the extent that the datasets allow, the distinction between rainfed and irrigated production is maintained. During the period under study, Nile Basin states 'exported' about 14,000 Mm3 of primarily rainfed-derived virtual water outside of the basin annually and 'imported' roughly 41,000 Mm3/y. The 'imports' are considered to have played a key role in filling the freshwater deficits of Egypt and Sudan, and represent a third of the flow of the Nile River itself. Analysis of food trade within the basin shows that the equivalent of small rivers of water used to raise coffee and tea 'flow' from the highlands around Lake Victoria to Egypt and Sudan. Because the bulk of these 'flows' derive from rainfed agriculture, the virtual water 'traded' annually between the Nile Basin states is not considered to represent a significant demand on the water resources of the basin, nor to significantly remedy the freshwater deficits of the arid basin states. The importance of soil water and rainfed farming is in improving water security is highlighted. The limitations and merits of the inter-state basin-wide approach are also discussed. By highlighting the magnitude of water leaving and entering states in its virtual form, the approach obliges policy-makers to think beyond the basin and reconsider the concept of water security within broader political, environmental, social and economic forces. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77952399125","10.1177/0096144209359143","2010-05-01","Voluntarism in social welfare and urban government: The case of Hamburg, 1700-1799","This article focuses on the Free Imperial City of Hamburg in the eighteenth century. It analyzes how government structures and social welfare policies coped with a variety of social, economic, and political challenges in these years.The article argues that the traditional values of voluntarism in government were strained by these challenges and had to be rethought and reworked but were never jettisoned until much later, perhaps not until the middle of the nineteenth century. The article focuses on the structures of government and on various social welfare institutions, in particular, parish relief, almshouses, hospitals, and outdoor relief. ",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77952600805","10.1186/1751-0759-4-4","2010-05-26","Work-related stress and psychosomatic medicine","This article introduces key concepts of work-related stress relevant to the clinical and research fields of psychosomatic medicine. Stress is a term used to describe the body's physiological and/or psychological reaction to circumstances that require behavioral adjustment. According to the Japanese National Survey of Health, the most frequent stressors are work-related problems, followed by health-related and then financial problems. Conceptually, work-related stress includes a variety of conditions, such as overwork, unemployment or job insecurity, and lack of work-family balance. Job stress has been linked to a range of adverse physical and mental health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Stressful working conditions can also impact employee well-being indirectly by directly contributing to negative health behaviors or by limiting an individual's ability to make positive changes to lifestyle behaviors, such as smoking and sedentary behavior. Over the past two decades, two major job stress models have dominated the occupational health literature: the job demand-control-support model and the effort-reward imbalance model. In both models, standardized questionnaires have been developed and frequently used to assess job stress. Unemployment has also been reported to be associated with increased mortality and morbidity, such as by cardiovascular disease, stroke, and suicide. During the past two decades, a trend toward more flexible labor markets has emerged in the private and public sectors of developed countries, and temporary employment arrangements have increased. Temporary workers often complain that they are more productive but receive less compensation than permanent workers. A significant body of research reveals that temporary workers have reported chronic work-related stress for years. The Japanese government has urged all employers to implement four approaches to comprehensive mind/body health care for stress management in the workplace: focusing on individuals, utilizing supervisory lines, enlisting company health care staff, and referring to medical resources outside the company. Good communications between occupational health practitioners and physicians in charge in hospitals/clinics help employees with psychosomatic distress to return to work, and it is critical for psychosomatic practitioners and researchers to understand the basic ideas of work-related stress from the viewpoint of occupational health. .",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77952881295","10.1007/s12114-009-9049-z","2010-06-01","Increasing diversity in telecommunications ownership and increasing efficiency in spectrum auctions by breaking the link between capital market discrimination and FCC spectrum auction outcomes","In Section 309(j)4(D) of the Communications Act, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is required to increase opportunities for minority groups to participate in the provision of spectrum based services. In Adarand Construction, Inc. v. Pena, the Supreme Court held that race-based government programs were subject to strict scrutiny. That is race-based programs must serve a compelling governmental interest such as remedying past discrimination, and must be narrowly tailored to serve that interest. Against this backdrop, a simple theoretical model is developed that explains the relationship between capital market discrimination and outcomes in FCC spectrum auctions. Given capital market discrimination and all other factors being equal, it is shown that a minority firm has zero probability of winning in an auction for spectrum. In addition, it is proven that, if equal bidding credits are given to all firms, if there is capital market discrimination, and if all other things are equal, the minority firm has a zero probability of winning in a spectrum auction. It is shown that a policy of auctioning spectrum, when there is capital market discrimination, is an inferior policy among policies that can be used to allocate spectrum. Finally, a policy of auctioning spectrum, when there is capital market discrimination, results in an inefficient auction. These theoretical results and the empirical literature on capital market discrimination suggest that the FCC is implicitly discriminating against minorities through its auctioning of spectrum under conditions of discrimination in capital markets. The results imply that race-based programs are necessary/justified in order to increase diversity in telecommunications ownership and increase the efficiency of FCC Spectrum Auctions. Given possible legal remedies, the paper contains a critical audit/analysis of the FCC's lending practices under the FCC's installment payments. Legislative proposals for creating some new form of credit/installment payment in conjunction with some experienced financial institution(s) are summarized and reviewed. ",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77951998152","10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02925.x","2010-06-01","Seeing America - Diary of a drug-focused study tour made in 1967","In 1965 the British government was forced to admit that the country had an escalating heroin problem, with the supply coming mainly from prescribing by private practitioners. Within the official responses to what was seen at that time as a very worrying public health situation was the decision to fund the setting-up of the Addiction Research Unit (ARU) at the Institute of Psychiatry, London. The US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) generously sponsored a study tour for the nominated director of the ARU shortly before the opening of the British research centre. Extensive contemporaneous diary notes of a visit included contact with administrators, researchers, clinicians, parish priests, narcotic agents and addicts themselves. From a mass of often conflicting advice, some insights could be derived. In particular, these included the need for an awareness of any country's way of dealing with drug problems as a dynamic, multi-factorial total system - a holistic 'national response'. A further conclusion was to see policy itself as a complex subject for analysis: drug policy should be as much an issue for research as drug taking. Besides these broad conclusions, the experience provided many specific leads to development of a British addiction research programme, and fostered professional friendships of immeasurable worth. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77952111286","10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.02.019","2010-06-10","Assessment of spatial distribution of submerged vegetation in the Orbetello lagoon by means of a mathematical model","Coastal lagoons are characterized by a constant threat of eutrophication and a critical coexistence of differing submerged vegetation forms. This paper investigates the competitive equilibrium of macroalgae and phanerogams in the Orbetello lagoon in relation to physico-chemical and environmental factors, including wind, nutrients in the water column, and sediment characteristics. A mathematical model describing the evolution of the submerged vegetation as a function of the abiotic parameters is used here in conjunction with specific experimental studies to explain the relationship between phanerogams (seagrasses) prairie expansion, water movements, and sediment characteristics. The combination of specific sediment sampling and mathematical modelling shows that water circulation and the state of the upper sediment are both dominant factors in determining the phanerogams distribution in the lagoon and the mutually exclusive growth of these groups in differing parts of the lagoon. Water currents control the distribution of floating macroalgae, resulting in an uneven accumulation of decomposing biomass and phanerogams seed dispersal. The oxygenation provided by the rooted phanerogams affects the sediment characteristics, making them suitable for further prairie expansion. In addition to sediment analysis the use of a mathematical model combining the hydrodynamics and the water quality of the lagoon provides a thorough explanation of the expansion of the rooted vegetation in critical areas. A further result of this research is the validation of the model, originally calibrated with the lagoon central stations' data, with the newly acquired data from several other parts of the ecosystem. The model predictions are in good agreement with the field observations under a number of environmental conditions and explain the observed expansion trend of phanerogams, which are beneficial for the lagoon ecology, more thoroughly than by relying on the sediment observations alone.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79952286378",,"2010-07-01","[Clinical aspects of tuberculous meningitis in children]. Aspecte clinico-evolutive ale meningitei tuberculoase la copil.","The aim of the study was to investigate the particularities of the clinical manifestation and evolution of tuberculous meningitis at children. The study was made between January 2000 and December 2008 in Clinic of Infectious Diseases IaSi and Emergency County Hospital ,,Sf. Ioan cel Nou Suceava on a group of 169 children with tuberculous meningitis. The majority (78.1%) of patients had poor socio-economic conditions and 22.4$ had a family TB contact. The onset of the symptoms was atypical in infants and small children with fever associated with digestive, neurological or pulmonary manifestations. The admission in hospital was delayed in 56.8% of patients and 39.05% had a severe general status with coma. The positive diagnosis was based on cytological and biochemical features of CSF, results of QuantilFERON. TB Gold, pulmonary images, family TB contact and evolution under anti-tuberculous therapy. We observed a high rate of complications represented by hydrocephaly (28.9%). 18 patients died (4 infants), the cause of dead being meningeal coma or complications. The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis at children remains a problem because of the atypical clinical manifestation, the delay of initiating the therapy causing high mortality and frequent complications.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77953642974","10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000211","2010-07-01","Feasibility of using coal fly ash for mine waste containment","This study investigates the feasibility of using coal fly ash and fly ash-bentonite mixtures as a barrier material for mine waste. The hydraulic conductivity of the coal fly ash was measured to be in the order of 2× 10-9 m/s when it was permeated with deionized water, and this value decreased significantly when the permeant was switched to acid mine drainage (AMD). The addition of bentonite to coal fly ash lowered the hydraulic conductivity during water permeation but no further significant change was observed upon switching the permeant to AMD. Chemical analyses on the effluent from the hydraulic conductivity tests indicated that heavy metals present in AMD were attenuated and were well below the leachate criteria set by the Ontario Government. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses results of postpermeation samples showed significant structural differences and formation of secondary minerals after AMD permeation. The results of this study suggest that the addition of 10% bentonite to coal fly ash reduced the hydraulic conductivity of the coal fly ash to less than 1× 10-9 m/s and improved the chemical compatibility for mine waste containment. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77954241729","10.1108/13665621011053190","2010-07-06","Old dogs, new tricks: training matureaged manufacturing workers","Purpose This paper aims to examine the employment and training of matureaged workers, so that suggestions for improving training for matureaged workers may be offered. Design/methodology/approach Six expert interviews were carried out by telephone, and three case studies involving company site visits were completed. Each company case study involved interviews with managers, trainers and matureaged workers. The study was confined to the manufacturing industry. Findings Matureaged workers bring many advantages to workplaces and some employers show a definite preference for them over younger workers; but in some cases training needs to take account of lack of confidence and literacy and health issues. However, there is great diversity among matureaged workers. Research limitations/implications The research is confined to shopfloor workers in manufacturing, and does not address training of matureaged managers and professionals. The research is smallscale but provides new insights, and importantly the voices of the workers themselves. Practical implications The paper identifies managerial and training practices that can immediately be implemented. Originality/value The paper identifies some issues that can be taken up at a policy level as well as within companies. For example, the preference for qualificationbased training at a national level is not necessarily consistent with what matureaged workers prefer.  All rights reserved.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77954929100","10.1061/41099(367)82","2010-07-30","LID meets permaculture: Sustainable stormwater management in the mountains of western North Carolina","Inhabitants of the Southern Appalachian Mountain Range of Western North Carolina have a long tradition of living sustainably from the land. More recently, however, there has been a rapid increase in population from outside the region and corresponding development pressures that have resulted in degradation of numerous pristine mountain water resources. Nonpoint source pollution from stormwater runoff is the primary cause of degradation of many of these waters. There are numerous obstacles to protecting water resources in the region including lack of stormwater and steep slope development regulations, perceived conflicts with private property rights, and a general lack of awareness of both the causes and solutions of nonpoint source pollution. In an effort to advance stormwater management practices in the region, a group of stakeholders joined together in 2008 to implement a stormwater low impact development (LID) best management practice (BMP) demonstration project in Mars Hill, North Carolina. The goal of the project is to develop cost-effective, sustainable, stormwater practices, appropriate for the mountain region that will educate and inspire the regional community. A unique aspect of this project is the incorporation of permaculture design principles, which consider the often complex human interrelationships with landscapes and ecosystems. This paper provides an overview of the Mars Hill LID demonstration project and explores the benefits of incorporating permaculture design principles into LID projects. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77954084604","10.1016/j.procbio.2010.05.003","2010-08-01","Optimized immobilization of activated sludge in poly(ethylene glycol) gels by UV technology","Conventional methods for immobilization of microorganisms in hydrogel are not very efficient and cost-effective. Ultraviolet (UV) technology, a rapid method for hydrogel preparation in ambient environment, was applied to immobilize activated sludge in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) gel carriers synthesized from PEG pre-polymer. Conditions for cell immobilization were optimized by selecting suitable UV photoinitiators, crosslinker concentrations, and protection gas. The optimum conditions are the following: 12% PEG pre-polymer with 1% MBA and 0.1% DEAP. More than 90% of ammonia was reduced, and 75% of the total organic compound was removed after treating 40 and 10. mg/L synthetic ammonia wastewater with different C/N ratios in 5. h under aeration conditions. Ammonia degradation increased with increasing C/N ratios, and the scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the immobilized beads had porous structures dominantly filled with nitrifiers. The bioactivity of the immobilized activated sludge was maintained during immobilization by UV technology. .",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77954995030","10.1177/0193723510377327","2010-08-02","Sharing space: Inclusion, exclusion, and accommodation at the British golf club before 1914","The pre-1914 British golf club exhibited bonding social capital formation rather than bridging, seeking to exclude rather than include. Generally the course, but especially the clubhouse, were sites for males of similar social background to meet in a homosocial environment, one protected by cost and membership policies. Segmentation of clubs within the same geographical area allowed for further social differentiation between men from different occupational groups. Numerous golfing societies also brought men together with a common business interest. However, female and working-class players were accommodated without breaking down the male, middle-class dominance, by parent-club development of separate ladies sections and artisan clubs. Nevertheless, restrictions on when and where they could play served to segregate them from the full-fee paying male club members. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77955870170","10.1080/1067828X.2010.488976","2010-08-27","Prevention counseling and student assistance programs: A review of the literature","Substance abuse prevention counseling can be found in two venues: school counseling and student assistance programs (SAPs). School prevention counseling is based on school psychology and guidance counseling. The authors of this article did not find any empirical studies of prevention counseling. Six criteria were used to assess the published research on SAPs: research designs, sampling methods, measures, procedures, analyses, and peer review of results. SAP studies reviewed were placed in one of three levels: Rigorous (N=3; met all inclusion criteria), Informative (N=2; met all criteria except peer review), and Evaluative (N=5; weak design, but explicit in describing methods). The Rigorous Studies found a decrease in substance use or risk factors. The two Informative Studies found a decrease in substance use. The Evaluative Studies demonstrated the prevention of increases in substance use. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77956610449","10.1016/j.aquaeng.2010.05.004","2010-09-01","Integrated production of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-rich Schizochytrium biomass using a nutrient supplemented marine aquaculture wastewater","Schizochytrium limacinum SR21 was used to remove waste nutrients from a marine recirculating aquaculture wastewater while simultaneously producing a valuable biomass containing PUFA enriched with long chain fatty acids which may have potential as an aquafeed additive. Clean seawater and marine aquaculture wastewater supplemented with yeast extract (1.0-10gL-1) and glycerol (10-90gL-1) were used for a comparative study of growth and PUFA production using S. limacinum in batch, continuous and in a packed bed reactor (pall rings, surface area 340m2/m3) that allow surface growth and cell recycling for a high cell density culture. Good growth rates (μ=0.013h-1) were obtained in batch and continuous culture modes. Biomass of S. limacinum was increased from 4.0gL-1 as DCW in batch culture to 57.9gL-1 in retention culture (D=0.062h-1). Retention culture of S. limacinum in a packed bed reactor also produced total lipids of 36.5gL-1 (53-65%, w/w as DCW) and long chain fatty acids (>C22) of 12.6gL-1 (21.8%, w/w as DCW) in 350h. Long chain fatty acids of C22, C18 and C16, as the main fatty acids, were produced and production was enhanced when supplemented wastewater was used in growth medium. Changes to the relative concentrations of glycerol and yeast extract (C:N ratio) alter the amounts of oil produced and types of fatty acid produced.S. limacinum in continuous culture mode (D=0.013h-1) enabled significant reductions (<90%) in phosphorous, nitrogen and ammonia concentrations of marine aquaculture wastewater and efficiency of wastewater treatment was further improved in retention culture operating at D=0.062h-1. This system would be well suited to treating nutrient concentrated effluent from sludge sedimentation/dewatering tanks in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). The treatment capacity of the reactor was considerable and in this current study, 420g N, 190g P and 10g total NH3day-1m-3 reactor could be removed using the retention culture system. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78649823363","10.1093/jiel/jgq034","2010-09-01","The 'Santiago Principles' for Sovereign Wealth Funds: A case study on international financial standard-setting processes","This article considers the subject of 'multi-level governance' respecting ' regulatory financial standard-setting' through the lens of the 2008 'Santiago Principles' and 2009 establishment of the International Forum of Sovereign Wealth Funds. Upon a US initiative, the matter fell on to the policy plate of the G-20 Finance Ministers and was then translated into 'administrative marching orders' for the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and World Bank to work with the major sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) and others in devising a set of 'best practices'. What transpired has been a sui generis, ad hoc, 'multi-level, rule-oriented governance network process'. The immediate 'deliverable' has been a set of 'international best practices' (Santiago Principles). The related International Forum of Sovereign Wealth Funds encapsulates a new ongoing 'institutional', 'administrative', and 'qualified self-regulatory' process for implementing, interpreting, revising, adjusting, monitoring, and assessing these Principles and for further fostering their global acceptance as part of the post-global-financial-crisis 'international architecture'. These developments add a new component to the global capital markets and to the proliferation of 'global administrative networks' and related 'soft law regulation' in the area of international economic financial law. Tangentially, this SWF phenomenon raises the question of the interconnected roles of the IMF, OECD, World Bank, United Nations, International Labour Organization and World Trade Organization, along with the related-linked 'soft law, regulatory network(s)', in the 'new international financial architecture'. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77956077403","10.1109/MACE.2010.5536354","2010-09-02","Research and improvement of detection method of wastewater characteristic parameters in activated sludge model","The activated sludge model is widely used in design and operation of wastewater treatment plants. However, there is no normative detection method of wastewater characteristic parameters which may be a barrier of ASM model's application. In this paper, the methods of measuring and calculating the characteristic parameters of wastewater in ASM1 were analyzed and selected for an application case. Based on the experimental results, some adjustments were suggested for improving those detection methods. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77956625948","10.1177/0741088310377863","2010-09-21","Sustained authorship: Digital writing, self-publishing, and the ebook","This article reports on a digital ethnography that examines writing, authorship, and self-publication in an online niche market. Drawing on interview and web data collected over 3 years, it focuses on the writing practices that have supported the production, distribution, and sanction of 13 ebooks self-published by online poker players. The article advances an understanding of authorship as sustained interaction among writers and readers as the work of publishing becomes absorbed into online networks as literate activity. In lieu of the capital investment of publishers that produces the materiality of the book, participants in these spaces have manufactured valued texts through collective literacy practices, coming to a loose consensus on what constitutes a book, and working together to enable proprietorship over texts, even amid environments of mass collaboration. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79952063809","10.1007/s10903-009-9230-2","2010-10-01","Patterns of mortality in California Hmong, 1988-2002","Background: From mid-1980s to early 1990s, there were several studies evaluating a condition known as nocturnal sudden death syndrome among the healthy, young Hmong (immigrants from Laos) individuals who mysteriously died from unknown causes during the night. To date, very little has been reported on the mortality patterns in the Hmong. The purpose of the present study is to examine causes of death (COD) and compare age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) in the Hmong with those of non-Hispanic white (NHW) population in California, which may yield useful data for health prevention and planning purposes. Methods: This study was based on 2,744 Hmong deaths occurred in California from 1988 to 2002. To calculate AAMR, Hmong population at risk of dying was derived by interpolating Hmong population counts from the 1990 and 2000 decennial censuses. For comparison, AAMR were calculated for both Hmong and NHW, and the statistical test, incidence rate ratio, was used to examine differences in relative mortality risk of each major COD between Hmong and NHW. Results: AAMR are highest in neoplasm (184.0/100,000), circulatory (277.9/100,000) and respiratory (100.0/100,000) diseases for both Hmong and NHW. The AAMR for all COD during the entire study time period was 879.5/100,000 in males and 736.0/100,000 in females. AAMR for all other COD range from 4.9/100,000 to 67.2/100,000. Hmong experienced 1.3-1.9 times higher mortality rates for certain COD, compared to NHW. Conclusion: The interesting findings of this study are the differences in AAMR observed for lower ranking COD between Hmong and NHW. Hmong were found to be experiencing 1.3-1.9 times higher mortality rates for injuries and poisonings, digestive diseases, prenatal conditions, ENMID (endocrine, nutritional, metabolic, immunity disorders), infections and parasitic illnesses, and congenital anomalies when compared to NHW. However, while Hmong women were found to have statistically significantly higher mortality risk for injuries and poisonings (P-value < 0.05), ENMID (P-value < 0.05), and infections and parasitic ailments (P-value < 0.05) when compare to NHW women, Hmong men were observed to be at statistically significantly higher mortality risk for just infections and parasitic diseases (P-value < 0.05) when compared to NHW men. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77957128567","10.1108/00346651011076983","2010-10-01","Effect of supplementation of micronutrient fortified biscuits on haemoglobin and serum iron levels of adolescent girls from Jaipur city, India","Purpose: Iron deficiency anaemia is widely prevalent amongst women and children in India. The aim of the paper is to study the effect of supplementation of micronutrient fortified biscuits on haemoglobin and serum iron levels of adolescent girls (n = 46, 10-16 years) studying in a government school in Jaipur city, India. Design/methodology/approach: The study was designed to be an intervention study. The intervention was with biscuits fortified with 30 mg iron, 100 μg folic acid, 600 μg vitamin A, 40 mg vitamin C and 150 μg iodine. The iron status of adolescent girls was determined through haemoglobin and serum iron levels. Findings: The results revealed that 95.7 per cent of the adolescent girls suffered from anaemia of which 28.3 per cent had mild deficiency and 67.4 per cent had moderate deficiency. Anaemia was more prevalent in the older age groups. On supplementation, there was a significant increase in the haemoglobin levels. There was a three-fold increase in the percentage of adolescent girls in the normal category of anaemia from 4.3 to 13.0 per cent and more than two-fold decrease in the moderate category of anaemia from 67.4 to 28.3 per cent. Moreover, 21.7 per cent of the subjects had normal levels while the rest (78.3 per cent) had low levels of serum iron; the percentage of adolescent girls in the normal category increased to 93.5 per cent after intervention on the basis of serum iron levels. Research limitations/implications: Supplementation with iron and folic acid with other micronutrients improved the haemoglobin and serum iron levels of the adolescent girls significantly. Originality/value: The paper recommends that the school system can be used for micronutrient supplementation to improve the nutritional status of children and adolescents as the students are more regimented here for distribution of nutrient fortified food products. ",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77957695680","10.1149/1.3486161","2010-10-13","Analysis of the polarization in a Li-ion battery cell by numerical simulations","An experimentally validated model was developed to analyze the polarization of a LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 ∫1.2 M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate (EC):ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (3:7) ∫MAG-10 battery cell during a hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) cycle. The analysis was made with a method where the polarization was split up into parts associated with activation of the electrochemical reactions, mass transport of species in the electrolyte and in the solid phase, and inadequate contact between the materials in the electrodes. Each contribution to the polarization was quantified as a snapshot in time and as an average over the HPPC cycle. The polarization during a cycle according to EUCAR was analyzed in detail for state of charge (SOC) 40 and 80. It arose mainly due to the mass transport in the electrolyte, e.g., at SOC 40 it contributed to 43% of the total polarization. In an ISO (International Organization for Standardization)-energy cycle where the current loads are higher and applied for longer times than the EUCAR cycle, the mass transport by diffusion in the electrolyte and in the solid phase of the negative electrode became more significant. The presented method offers the possibility to find a battery cell's optimal operational condition and design. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78349232739",,"2010-11-01","Investment in education and economic growth in Nigeria: An empirical evidence","The crucial role education plays in the overall development of a nation cannot be overemphasized. It is not only seen as a key to poverty reduction and vehicle for promoting equity, fairness and social justice but also helps to supply the essential human capital which is a necessary condition for sustained economic growth. Thus, enhancing effective investment on education has been a tenet of growth and development strategies of most countries. The basic objective of this paper is to carry out an empirical investigation on the relationship between investment in education and economic growth in Nigeria, using annual time series data from 1977 to 2007. The paper employs Johansen cointegration technique and error correction methodology. Empirical results indicate that there is, indeed a long-run relationship between investment in education and economic growth. All the variables including, labour force, gross fixed capital formation and educational capital appear with the expected positive signs and are statistically significant (except labour force) in the Nigerian economy. The findings have a strong implication on educational policy in Nigeria. The study seems to suggest that a concerted effort should be made by policy makers to enhance educational investment in order to accelerate growth which would engender economic development. ",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-77956231121","10.1016/j.jpdc.2010.07.002","2010-11-01","An instruction-systolic programmable shader architecture for multi-threaded 3D graphics processing","In order to guarantee both performance and programmability demands in 3D graphics applications, vector and multithreaded SIMD architectures have been employed in recent graphics processing units. This paper introduces a novel instruction-systolic array architecture, which transfers an instruction stream in a pipelined fashion to efficiently share the expensive functional resources of a graphics processor. Specifically, cache misses and dynamic branches can cause additional latencies and complicated management in these parallel architectures. To address this problem, we combine a systolic execution scheme with on-demand warp activation that handles cache miss latency and branch divergence efficiently without significantly increasing hardware resources, either in terms of logic or register space. Simulation indicates that the proposed architecture offers 25% better performance than a traditional SIMD architecture with the same resources, and requires significantly fewer resources to match the performance of a typical modern vector multi-threaded GPU architecture.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78449261960","10.1525/abt.2010.72.9.10","2010-11-01","Engaging participatory literacy through science zines","Fostering science literacy by engaging students as active participants and communicators of scientific ideas can enhance learning as well as a sense of personal investment. Science zine projects can be an effective way to structure this kind of participatory science literacy and flexibly build on specific course content as well as skills in the research, conceptualization, and communication of scientific ideas. When students are engaged as media producers and educators, their role and responsibility in the ecology of scientific information becomes more apparent and potentially more rewarding.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78349278503","10.1109/IITA-GRS.2010.5603138","2010-11-22","Quantifying urban land cover and impact on land cover in China using GLCNMO urban and DCW","Resource utilization issues, and development of methods for effective gauging of stocks and use of land resources, are becoming increasingly important, especially in China. Agricultural production, the extent of arable land, and land use are such key resource issues. Using derived products from GLCNMO urban (Urban areas were extracted using population density data, MODIS-NDVI data, and DMSP-OLS data. Common areas after threshold processing for these data were assigned as urban area. The main input data is population density data. MODIS-NDVI was used to exclude large green area such as park in populated area. DMSP-OLS was used to exclude villages in developing countries with large population) DCW urban and China land cover map; we examined the impacts of urbanization on land cover in China. The study analyzes urban expansion at provincial scale base to conceive dynamic patterns of urban changes. The study calculated the urban land percentage and urban land expansion index of every 1km2 cell throughout China. Urbanization accounted for more than half of the transformation from cropland to other land uses. The analysis of the study proved that GLCNMO urban datasets were reliable for long term urban growth estimates. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78951490210",,"2010-12-01","Investigation of contamination of wild rats (Rattus rattus) from Tehran City to antibiotic resistant enterobacteriaceae in 2009","Background and purpose: Wild rats are considered as an important spreading factor of contamination in urban areas. During recent years, the wild rats were extensively distributed in Tehran. Therefore, it is important to investigate the antibiotic resistance of enteric bacteria isolated from rats, because of the possibility of antibiotic resistance transmission to human. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae among wild rats living in densely populated areas of Tehran city. Materials and methods: Forty wild rats were trapped in the North, South, East, West and Central areas of Tehran and transferred to the laboratory alive. Cecum was obtained and its contents were cultured aseptically. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolated was determined by disk diffusion method. Results: Escherichia coli (10 isolates), Salmonella typhimurium (7 isolates), Shigella sonnei (1 isolate), Proteus mirabilis (3 isolates), Citrobacter freundii (17 isolates), and Enterobacter (4 isolates) were isolated from rats. Antibiotic resistance was very high in all isolated species of Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion: The results showed that the rats from the study areas of Tehran city harbored antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and Shigella in their cecal contents. These organisms may be important reservoirs for transmission of drug-resistant bacteria to human. Therefore, it is very important to control the rat populations and to improve sewage management systems.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955376788",,"2010-12-01","Targeting BMP placement using SWAT sediment yield estimates for field-scale BMPs","Soil erosion from agricultural fields is considered to be a significant contributor of sediment to surface waters in many watersheds across the United States. Black Kettle Creek subwatershed (7,818 ha) of Little Arkansas Watershed (360,000 ha) in south central Kansas was the focus of a innovative project to target conservation practice funding. The SWAT model was used with 10-m DEM topography, SSURGO soils, and a manually developed landuse/ land-cover layer. The calibrated model was used to identify the fields with greatest soil-erosion potential. Fields that had ephemeral gullies were identified by field reconnaissance and included for targeting. Various BMPs (no-till, conservation till, contour farming, terraces, contour grass strips, riparian buffers, and permanent grass), both singly and in selected combinations, were simulated and the effectiveness was determined. The mean BMP effectiveness ranged from 52% to 96% for single BMPs and 85% to 94% for selected combinations of BMPs. Permanent grass produced the greatest average single-BMP effectiveness (96%) followed by Terraces (with contour farming) (78%) and No-till (72%). No-till + Terrace (with contour farming) had the greatest combined-BMP effectiveness (94%). From these field-scale sediment-reduction estimates, payments to implement each BMP for a given field within the watershed were calculated. An in-field signup sheet was developed with field-specific sediment-loss-based payments calculated for each BMP option. This sheet served as a contract with the farmer/landowner for BMP implementation. The farmers/producers in this watershed chose the BMP to be implemented from the list of BMPs that and agreed to maintain the BMP for at least 5 years. The variability of sediment reduction results among fields demonstrated the important influence of site-specific conditions and simulation modeling in estimating soil-loss reductions possible with given BMPs.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84858683221",,"2010-12-01","A modelling platform for complex socioecosystems: An application to freshwater management in coastal zones","Providing deliberation support tools for freshwater management in coastal zones requires complex socio-ecosystem modelling in a joint effort from research scientists, software engineers and stakeholders. The SPICOSA System Approach Framework provides guidelines for the building of dynamic models for a better comprehension of the variety of processes and issues regarding coastal management. A modular platform was developed using the ExtendSim® software. We explore how the SPICOSA/Extend platform supports participatory modelling by offering the necessary tools for the integration of multidisciplinary knowledge and how the use of a common platform facilitates dialog between research scientists of varied backgrounds. Graphical tools developed in ExtendSim allow for a synthetic and user-friendly representation of the system processes and, in particular, of performances of management options in prospective scenario simulations. We discuss how an economical and social approach of the issues influences the choice of processes and variables to be modelled as well as the level of complexity needed to represent the ecological and physical system. The illustration of this approach will be supported by two case studies. The first concerns the freshwater use competition in the Charente River on the French Atlantic coast. The second refers to water quality management applied to micro-biological contamination from watershed runoff in the Thau lagoon on the French Mediterranean coast.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84876257337",,"2010-12-01","Cleaning and nursing in hospitals: Institutional variety and the reshaping of low-wage jobs","In their research on low-wage and low-skill work in U.S. hospitals, Eileen Appelbaum and her colleagues (2003) found a high incidence of low-wage work among cleaners and nursing assistants. At the time of their study, U.S. hospitals were struggling with high turnover and difficulties in recruiting low-skilled workers. Rather than raise wages, hospitals, responding in some cases to trade union pressure, experimented with increased training and alternative forms of work organization that broadened job tasks. One of the key assumptions behind these experiments was that creating more interesting jobs and improving job satisfaction would increase the ability of hospitals to recruit and retain labor and that cost savings could be achieved by switching job tasks among nursing assistants and nurses. Nevertheless, such changes have not had a significant effect on the incidence of low-wage work; nor is there any evidence of significant diffusion of so-called high-road human resource (HR) practices in U.S. hospitals. In Europe, the picture varies considerably from country to country. In three countries (Denmark, France, and the Netherlands), there is in fact very little evidence of low-wage work among cleaners and nursing assistants in hospitals. Only the United Kingdom registers a high incidence of low-wage work, at a level close to that of the United States. In Germany, the incidence is increasing among cleaners. Despite these differences, U.S. and European hospitals have faced similar pressures in recent years, including an aging population, budget constraints, concerns over the quality of care, and new demands from patients. In many respects, hospitals have responded in fairly similar ways-with efforts to increase patient throughput, reform funding schemes, and shift the care and rehabilitation of patients outside hospitals. Attempts to reorganize work, however, have varied significantly, in large part because of the reality that human resource strategies are embedded within national employment systems and the diverse roles and influences of the social partners. The first three sections of this chapter set out the background to conditions in the hospital sector. The first describes the commonalities and differences in the hospital sector (ownership, cost pressures, industry organization, and so on) across the six countries. The next section presents the main characteristics of the division of labor and work organization, as well as the labor supply. Unlike the other industries analyzed in this book, the hospital industry presents huge intercountry differences, despite the fact that our analysis focuses on a common set of tasks (cleaning patients' rooms and basic nursing) and similar job titles (cleaner and nursing assistant). We emphasize job categories, qualifications, and training in our analysis because these factors play an important role in our understanding of the incidence of low pay in this sector. The third section compares the incidence of low-wage work in hospital occupations and considers the role of wage regulation and wage structure in explaining country differences. The next three sections of the chapter then focus on three main trends affecting the quality of low-wage, low-skill work. When they are not putting direct pressure on wages, hospitals can develop alternative HR strategies. They can save costs and gain in flexibility by outsourcing their cleaning activities or using alternative exit options. Depending on the country in question, these possibilities are facilitated or impeded by the main domestic labor market institutions. The European hospitals in our sample have reshaped work organization as part of a more systematic and more positive up-skilling process than that observed in the U.S. hospitals. Another option available to hospitals is to increase workloads; however, the extent to which this has occurred, as perceived by workers, varies across countries. These three trends are an important part of the dynamic of lowwage, low-skill work and are reflected in, among other things, persistently high wage differences in the United States, stability of and/or improvement in the wage and skill positions in Denmark and the Netherlands, and an increase in low-wage work among cleaners in Germany. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of the interplay be tween a broad set of labor market institutions (collective agreements, the minimum wage, training facilities) and health institutions (funding rules, monitoring of care quality) in explaining the development of virtuous or vicious circles in the six countries investigated here. As in the other chapters of this book, our data are derived from the common methodology designed for the entire research project on lowwage work: A mix of industry-level analysis of the hospital sector and in-depth case studies in a sample of hospitals (fifteen for the United States, eight per country for Europe) that involved interviews with managers, union representatives, and workers. To enhance comparability, most of the interviews in the European countries were undertaken in medical wards in general (non-university or teaching) hospitals. Some of our conclusions are more specific to this aspect of hospital care. The U.S. case data were gathered in fifteen community hospitals between 2000 and 2002 (five years before the European research). In addition to over one hundred interviews with managers, supervisors, and union officials, the original U.S. research team conducted a telephone survey of 589 low-wage workers across the fifteen hospitals. Copyright ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84906420912",,"2010-12-01","Scarface Al and the crime crusaders: Chicago's private war against Capone","According to the Elliot Ness myth, which has been widely disseminated through books, television shows, and movies, Ness and the Untouchables defeated Al Capone by marshaling superior firepower. In Scarface Al and the Crime Crusaders, Dennis Hoffman presents a fresh new perspective on the downfall of Al Capone. To debunk the Eliot Ness myth, he shows how a handful of private citizens brought Capone to justice by outsmarting him rather than by outgunning him. Drawing on previously untapped sources, Hoffman dissects what he terms a private war against Capone. He traces the behind-the-scenes work of a few prominent Chicago businessmen from their successful lobbying of presidents Coolidge and Hoover on behalf of federal intervention to the trial, sentencing, and punishment of Al Capone. Hoffman also reconstructs in detail a number of privately sponsored citizen initiatives directed at stopping Capone. These private ventures included prosecuting the gangsters responsible for election crimes; establishing a crime lab to assist in gangbusting; underwriting the costs of the investigation of the Jake Lingle murder; stigmatizing Capone; and protecting the star witnesses for the prosecution in Al Capone's income tax evasion case. Hoffman suggests that as American society continues to be threatened by illegal drugs, gangs, and widespread violence, it is important to remember that the organized crime and political corruption of Prohibition-era Chicago were checked through the efforts of private citizens. Copyright  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84884451214","10.1016/B978-0-08-044894-7.01421-4","2010-12-01","Mongolia","Although Mongolia was counted as one of the world's least-developed countries early in the twentieth century, a solid educational system with its intellectual mass has been established during seven decades, which is a milestone in the sector and the main achievement of the socialist era. Though the educational system heavily reflected the former Soviet Union origins as many other east European countries, a new development stage has emerged after the 1990s on the pillar of know-how and experiences of developed countries. For example, English language is recognized as the first foreign language in the country. The traditional attitude toward education as the highest priority among Mongols is fairly supportive to the development of a new educational system. Furthermore, Mongolia is one of the few countries with gender equity in the education sector. In the globalizing world, Mongolia recognizes the importance of moving toward the global trend of educational system in line with international practices and building up a capable global citizen as the main challenge of the sector. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78651318448","10.1061/41148(389)8","2010-12-01","Impact of climate and land use changes on aquatic habitats","The short- and long-term effects of climate change have recently become a subject of active research in a variety of earth-science disciplines. The multi-faceted nature of changes in the physical system may also lead to changes in patterns of human activity, such as accelerated rates of water re-allocation and consumption. Such changes could be responsible for many undesirable consequences related to the quality of aquatic habitats in wetlands and estuaries. In particular, runoff and erosion processes in these areas are well known to be highly sensitive to variations in land use practices and precipitation patterns within the watershed. Because the corresponding processes originate at the watershed level, any numerical assessment of a potential impact on these areas must use an integrated approach capable of simulating atmospheric, hydrologic, and channel process components. Models simulating individual processes have already been implemented with moderate-to-satisfactory success. However, models integrating all three system components have not yet been developed. The apparent reason is the complexity of the process coupling, which involves vastly different temporal and spatial scales. Another reason coupled models have not been developed is the processes cut across several disciplines. This study develops a novel tool that approaches the problem by integrating large-scale watershed hydrologic processes with a hydrodynamic model and an evaluation model of biological function. A blueprint methodology for evaluating long-term changes in streamflow, channel morphology, and fish habitat quality is presented for a case study watershed located near Manchester, MI. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78651483336","10.1109/ICEEE.2010.5660900","2010-12-01","Application of SLEUTH model for planning scenarios comparison: A case study of Chongqing, China","This research simulated the urban growth scenarios of a mountain city of Chongqing, China through a CA-based model of SLEUTH. The fundamental data were four Landsat TM images of 1978, 1988, 1993, and 2001 which were utilized for generating maps of land use, road networks, and urbanized area. Three alternative development scenarios, including business as usual, compact city and decentralized concentration, were interpreted into the model. Business as usual assumes historical development would carry on. Compact city aims to achieve a compact and continuous urban form. Decentralized concentration promotes polycentric urban structure. The result presents several interesting findings with important planning implications. First, it was noted that predominant urbanization modes in mountain regions were spread, indicating that new developments usually occurred at the edge of existing urban areas. Second, breed indicating that emerging small and sporadic urban patches can easily become new growing poles and induce new developments, was another major growth mode. Moreover, setting limitation to development on steep slopes has largely restricted urban expansion and effectively protected forests. However, it also suggested that there exists no optimal scenario as urban development and nature conservation are conflicting goals in terms of the selected landscape metric. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78651273209","10.1111/j.1749-4877.2010.00193.x","2010-12-01","Climate change and invasive species: Double jeopardy","Two of the key drivers of biodiversity loss today are climate change and invasive species. Climate change is already having a measurable impact on species distributions, reproduction and behavior, and all evidence suggests that things will get worse even if we act tomorrow to mitigate any future increases in greenhouse gas emissions: temperature will increase, precipitation will change, sea level will rise and ocean chemistry will change. At the same time, biological invasions remain an important threat to biodiversity, causing species loss, changes in distribution and habitat degradation. Acting together, the impacts of each of these drivers of change are compounded and interactions between these two threats present even greater challenges to field conservationists as well as policy-makers. Similarly, the social and economic impacts of climate change and invasive species, already substantial, will be magnified. Awareness of the links between the two should underpin all biodiversity management planning and policy. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78751546956","10.2166/wst.2010.533","2010-12-01","Analysis and occurrence of typical endocrine-disrupting chemicals in three sewage treatment plants","Seven typical endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), 17a-estradiol (17α-E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in wastewater, were simultaneously determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Samples, including influents, effluents and wastewater of different unit processes, were taken seasonally from three different sewage treatment plants. The result showed that BPA and EE2 were the two main types of EDCs in all the samples. The average concentration of BPA were in the range of 268.1-2,588.5 ng l-1 in influents and 34.0-3,099.6 ng l-1 in effluents, while EE2 ranging from 133.1 to 403.2 ng l-1 and from 35.3 to 269.1 ng l-1, respectively. Seasonal change of EDCs levels in effluents was obvious between wet season and dry season. Besides, BPA and E3 could be effectively removed by the biological treatment processes (oxidation ditch and A2/O) with the unit removal of 64-91% and 63-100% for each compound, while other five EDCs had moderate or low removal rates. The study also proved that physical treatment processes, including screening, primary sedimentation and pure aeration, had no or little effect on EDCs removal. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020150262","10.4319/lom.2010.8.0695","2010-12-01","New insights on obtaining phytoplankton concentration and composition from in situ multispectral Chlorophyll fluorescence","A three-channel excitation (435 nm, 470 nm, and 532 nm) Chlorophyll fluorometer (695 nm emission) was calibrated and characterized to improve uncertainty in estimated in situ Chlorophyll concentrations. Protocols for reducing sensor-related uncertainties as well as environmental-related uncertainties were developed. Sensor calibrations were performed with thirteen monospecific cultures in the laboratory, grown under limiting and saturating irradiance, and sampled at different growth phases. Resulting uncertainties in the calibration slope induced by natural variations in the in vivo fluorescence per extracted Chlorophyll yield were quantified. Signal variations associated with the sensors (i.e., dark current configurations, drift, and stability) and the environment (i.e., temperature dependent dark currents and contamination by colored dissolved organic matter [CDOM] fluorescence) yielded errors in estimating in situ Chlorophyll concentration exceeding 100%. Calibration protocols and concurrent observations of in situ temperature and CDOM fluorescence eliminate these uncertainties. Depending upon excitation channel, biomass calibration slopes varied between 6- and 10-fold between species and as a function of growth irradiance or growth phase. The largest source of slope variability was due to variations in accessory pigmentation, and thus the variance could be reduced among pigment-based taxonomic lines. Fluorescence ratios were statistically distinct among the pigment-based taxonomic groups, providing not only a means for approximating bulk taxonomic composition, but also for selecting the appropriate calibration slope to statistically improve the accuracy of in situ Chlorophyll concentration estimates. Application to 5 months of deployment in China Lake, Maine, USA reduced the error in estimating extracted Chlorophyll concentration from > 30% to < 6%.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78650141158","10.1145/1868812.1868830","2010-12-20","Reliable geocasting for underwater acoustic sensor networks","Welcome to WUWNet 2010, the Fifth ACM International Workshop on Under Water Networks! Underwater networking promises to open exciting new frontiers for scientific, environmental, commercial, safety and military applications. Indeed, rivers, oceans and lakes occupy a central place in the world, and our impact on them is profound. However, networked underwater systems face many obstacles. The environment is harsh both as a communications medium and as a physical environment in which to deploy and maintain equipment. While the challenges are significant, they also present great opportunities for exciting new research and development with a potentially large impact. Since 2006, WUWNet has been a strong venue for underwater networking research, from the physical layer to applications. WUWNet has traditionally had a strong showing of communications and networking papers. This year the TPC chairs, in consultation with the general chair and steering committee, sought to broaden WUWNet to include involvement of researchers in underwater robotics and applications. With the help of the program committee and authors we are happy to present 8 full papers, 8 short papers, and 3 posters with extended abstracts that showcase research work in this developing field. We thank the 15 program committee members for their hard work in helping to select the papers. Our invited speaker is Dr. Jules Jaffe, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. We are also delighted to include a panel with diverse panelists from federal agencies, academia, and industry. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79960141474",,"2011-01-01","Activities of political institutions: Information of society and formation of its opinion by the media Visuomenės informavimas ir nuomonės formavimas apie valdžios institucijų veiklą","The media are one of the most important sources of political information, as well as one of the main actors shaping and supporting public discourse in democratic society. From the normative perspective, the most fundamental democratic value of the media is to facilitate the development of an independent and open viewpoint in society by providing citizens with information on the issues of public concern, and controlling those who are in power to make decisions of public importance. Corruption scandals, misuse of power, mixing of public and private interests and other negative news encourage public disappointment with the authorities and citizens' detachment from the political life. At the same time, this leads to public distrust in the media and the information they contain. The article addresses the role of the media in shaping the public opinion on political elite and institutions on the local and national levels. Based on the quantitative and qualitative data, it discusses the relationship between public awareness and political participation. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874174910",,"2011-01-01","[Cost-benefit analysis in setting up limitation standards of aflatoxins in foods].","To explore a reasonable limitation standard for aflatoxins in foods to protect the health of people in China with a cost-benefit analysis. A traditional mathematical model and MOE (margin of exposure) method was used to assess the effect of different limiting standards on health for total aflatoxins and aflatoxin B1 in peanut, corn and rice, and the loss of foods under different limiting standard levels was also calculated. The change of limiting standards for total aflatoxins and aflatoxin B1 in peanut and corn might have no significant influence on reducing the prevalence of liver cancer in China, but the loss of foods was significantly different. The change of limiting standards for total aflatoxins and aflatoxin B1 in ice might have significant influence both on reducing liver cancer and losing foods. The following limiting standards is advisable: 20 microg/kg for total aflatoxins and 15 microg/kg for Aflatoxin B1 in peanut and its products, 20 microg/kg for total aflatoxins and 15 microg/kg for aflatoxin B1 in corn, 10 microg/kg for total aflatoxins and 5 microg/kg or 10 microg/kg for aflatoxin B1 in rice.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84929430748",,"2011-01-01","Evaluation of Šiauliai city green spaces by social aspect","Green spaces play an important role in urban areas because this is an important element of the human living environment. It helps to create a cosy, relaxed, more aesthetic and convenient living conditions. However there is a trend that more and more of the people are concentrated in urban areas. Here they can find a better social prospects and more comfortable lifestyle. Therefore urban environmental quality becomes more important inevitably. It is influenced strongly not only ecological but also social phenomena. There is analyzed the public green spaces in Šiauliai city. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of green areas in the city is based on public opinion surveys. The aim of this research is to find the needs and wishes of residents by improving existing and creating new green areas in the city. Objectives of the study: to conduct a survey of residents in the city and analyze the data.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78650356249","10.1002/gps.2497","2011-01-01","Depression and barriers to mental health care in older cancer patients","Objective To review the literature on depression in cancer patients with a particular focus on depression assessment and barriers to mental health treatment in older cancer patients. Design We conducted a review of the literature on depression and barriers to mental health treatment in older cancer patients. Results Depression is prevalent in cancer patients. However, little is known about prevalence rates of depression in older adults with cancer, assessing depression in older cancer patients and barriers that impede proper mental health treatment in this sample. Conclusion Improved diagnostic clarity and a better understanding of barriers to mental health treatment can help clarify and facilitate mental health referrals and ultimately improve access to care among older cancer patients in need. Continuing to consider the complexities associated with diagnosing depression in older cancer patients is necessary. Further work may be needed to develop new diagnostic measures for such detection, determine the prevalence of depression among older cancer and ways in which to overcome barriers to mental health care. .",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78751572704","10.1007/s11269-010-9713-x","2011-01-01","Fuzzy TOPSIS Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Applied to Karun Reservoirs System","Water resource systems, with an abundance of project purposes and resource values, are subject to conflicting policy, planning, and management decisions. Multi-criteria decision making methods (MCDM) provide a framework to help water managers identify critical issues, attach relative priorities to those issues, select best compromise alternatives, and facilitate communication to gain general acceptance. This paper addresses a method that incorporates several system factors/components within a general framework for providing a holistic analysis of the problems and comprehensive evaluation of the related mitigation/adaptation measures and policy responses. The method accounts for uncertainties in both the quantification and importance of objectives in the ranking process. The proposed fuzzy multi-criteria decision making process uses the well known Technique for Order Preference by Similarity of Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method in both deterministic and uncertain environments. The performance of the proposed approach to a real water resource management problem in Iran is illustrated. Results show that the model may be used in a large-scale multi-level assessment process. Ranks of the alternatives are presented using deterministic and fuzzy based models. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80555150766","10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.010","2011-01-01","Occurrence of PCDD/F, PCB, PBDE, PFAS, and organotin compounds in fish meal, fish oil and fish feed","We analysed polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/F, dioxins), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in 13 fish meal, five fish oil, and seven fish feed samples. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), organotin compounds (OTC), and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) were analysed in ten fish meal, two fish oil, and two fish feed samples. All measured TEQ concentrations of PCDD/F and PCB were below the maximum levels set by Directive 2002/32/EC. There was no correlation between concentrations of WHOPCDD/F-TEQ and indicator PCB in our samples. The most common congeners among PBDEs were BDE-47 and BDE-100. BDE-209 was present in five fish meals of the ten analysed. Tributyltin (TBT) was the predominant congener in all samples except in three fish meals, where monobutyltin (MBT) was the major congener. Perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) was the predominant congener in six fish meals of the ten analysed. There was large variation in concentrations and congener distributions of the studied compounds between our samples. Our results underline a need to pay special attention to the origin and purity of feed raw material of marine origin. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-78650290479","10.1016/j.jweia.2010.10.007","2011-01-01","Pollution removal effectiveness of the pedestrian ventilation system","Dispersion of vehicular pollution through street canyons has been widely studied in order to find strategies for reducing concentration level. Recently, a pedestrian ventilation system (PVS), an active mitigation strategy, has been proposed to enhance pedestrian comfort indices and to induce appropriate air movement. This paper investigates the performance of PVS to control pollution dispersion within street canyons. Pollution control is achieved by exhausting/supplying air from/to the street canyon through the PVS. In the present paper, the effectiveness of these strategies was studied by varying the parameters that affect dispersion, such as aspect ratios (AR) and thermal stratifications.Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been selected as the investigation tool. Prior to simulations, the proposed model was successfully validated using two sets of experimental data. Four case-studies were also used to investigate the aspect ratio and the stratification effect. These test cases were developed based on small scale studies in a wind tunnel. Results show the ability of the PVS to change the airflow pattern through the street canyon, resulting in significant pollution removal, especially from the pedestrian level. Moreover, the air and pollution exchange rate concepts have been used for better evaluation of the PVS performance. Furthermore, a breakthrough index was proposed to evaluate the effect of the PVS airflow rate. .",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85014874403","10.1017/CBO9780511718786.037","2011-01-01","Transportation: Aviation","Focus The technology of flight provides immeasurable benefits for today's society: promoting global trade and commerce, providing humanitarian relief, and connecting people. In the next millennium, progressive environmental considerations will play a key role in our ability to continue to provide these benefits seamlessly. As with other transport, the consumption of petroleum-based fuels and materials draws from the Earth's finite natural resources. To move toward fully sustainable aviation, there must be a continued focus on reducing the environmental footprint over the product life cycle. Synopsis To ensure a balance between the social and economic benefits of aviation and the energy and environmental impacts, the aviation industry is working on improvements across the entire life cycle of its products and services. Opportunities for environmental improvement lie in advanced materials and manufacturing technologies, improved aerodynamics systems and engine efficiency, alternative fuels, increased fleet operational efficiency, and aircraft recycling.",,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84905457566","10.1021/bk-2011-1072.ch024","2011-01-01","Improved productivity reduces greenhouse gas emissions from animal agriculture","As the global population increases, more milk, meat and eggs need to be produced using fewer resources and with a lower environmental impact. Over the past century, improving productivity has considerably reduced the carbon footprint of dairy and beef production, yet consumers often perceive extensive, 'traditional' systems to have a low carbon footprint. Scientific analysis shows that intensive animal production systems have a lower carbon footprint than extensive systems - improved education of consumers, retailers and media is therefore required to overcome popular misconceptions relating to the carbon footprint of animal agriculture. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79960566993","10.1080/13504622.2011.565118","2011-01-01","Environmental learning in online social networks: Adopting environmentally responsible behaviors","Online social networks are increasingly important information and communication tools for young people and for the environmental movement. Networks may provide the motivation for young adults to increase environmental behaviors by increasing their knowledge of environmental issues and of the specific actions they can take to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This study examined an application within Facebook.com - the largest online social network in the world - that allowed users to post climate change news stories from other websites and comment on those stories. A survey revealed that users of the social networking application reported above average knowledge of climate change science and that self-reported environmental behaviors increased during young people's involvement with the Facebook application. Focus groups indicated that peer role modeling through interaction on the site motivated pro-environmental behaviors, that is, behavior that seeks to minimize the negative impact of one's actions on the natural and built world. Participation in a community of like-minded users spurred many participants to learn more about climate change and do more to limit its impact. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80052164880","10.1109/ICBMEI.2011.5918011","2011-01-01","RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysis of main influencing factors on revenue growth in China","Since the early 20th century, China's tax growth began more than GDP growth, the abnormal phenomenon caused great concern ranked, and become the academic research hot spot, through to nearly 10 years of state tax, GDP statistical data of comparative analysis verified phenomenon, and according to the authenticity of the main factors affecting the tax are established in the gross domestic product (GDP), financial expenditure and retail commodity price index for explanatory variables, aiming at regression model of Chinese tax growth factors scientifically quantitative analysis, that may affect the tax increase of the main reasons for the fiscal and tax policy formulation and implementation provides theory basis. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84974539519","10.1142/9789814327930_0003","2011-01-01","Growth responses and changes of active components as influenced by elevations and orchid mycorrhizae on anoectochilus formosanus hayata","Two micropropagated lines, B and R, of Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata, were separately inoculated with orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), Rhizoctonia sp. R02[a bi-nucleated isolate of Rhizoctonia sp. (Ceratobasidium sp. AG-A)] and R04[a multi-nuclei isolate of Rhizoctonia solani, AG-6], and grown by plastic bag cultivation method (PBCM) at three elevations above sea level, including National Taiwan University (NTU, 10m elevation), Xindian (500m elevation) and Wufong (1000m elevation) for seven months. Results showed that the survival rates for ex vitro growth were more than 80%, and plant production was significantly increased and there was no need to apply any agrichemical. If this orchid was not grown by PBCM then after 3-4 months of cultivation, all plants would die if pesticide or fungicide were not sprayed for every one or two weeks in greenhouse, and the cultivation period was shortened to 1-2 months compared with traditional cultured method. Plants grew in Wufong achieved the best growth performance among three elevations, the fresh weight of mycorrhizal A. formosanus was significantly higher than the non-mycorrhizal (NM) control. In Wufong, R04 showed better growth—enhanced effect on line B, while R02 stimulated growth enhancement for line R. For both lines of A formosanus cultivated at National Taiwan University (NTU), R02 inoculated plants contained higher level of phenolic compounds and hepatoprotective agent AFEE (A. formosanus extraction with ethyl acetate) compared with the non-mycorrhizal (NM) control. Analyses and measurements of antioxidant capacity by Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) showed that most of the antioxidant index of mycorrhizal plants were significantly higher than the non-mycorrhizal control. PBCM was proven to be a very labour saving, i.e. this cultural method can save all the human cost of irrigation and fertilization during the rest of cultivation period, and this is an effective method for mass production of agrichemical free A formosanus plants. Inoculation of orchid mycorrhizal fungi such as R02 or R04 can significantly increase the production of this orchid with higher antioxidant capacity and hepatoprotective agent content for medicinal use.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84857221469","10.1504/IJETM.2011.043515","2011-01-01","GP-based optimisation of product parameters of design alternatives to support life cycle design","This paper proposes a new approach to life cycle design (LCD) that includes Goal Programming (GP)-based optimisation and generation and evaluation of design alternatives. Because different interest groups, including users, manufacturers and governments, have different objectives that are often conflicting and incommensurable, a mathematical programming method called Goal Programming is employed to help designers to solve LCD problems, whose solutions previously have been based on experience. LCD alternatives are generated by the changes of parameters with uncertainties in objective-oriented life cycle models. The generated design alternatives are evaluated properly with the consideration of a wide range of criteria. For criteria that can be mathematically modelled, a simulation method is employed for evaluation; for criteria that cannot be mathematically modelled, Analytical Hierarchy Process method is used for evaluation. A comprehensive evaluation of the design alternatives can be achieved by utilising a method called Multi-Criteria Decision Making. A case study on current refrigerators is used as a demonstration example. .",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955526274","10.1890/09-1197.1","2011-01-01","Enhanced biodiversity beyond marine reserve boundaries: The cup spillith over","Overfishing can have detrimental effects on marine biodiversity and the structure of marine ecosystems. No-take marine reserves (NTMRs) are much advocated as a means of protecting biodiversity and ecosystem structure from overharvest. In contrast to terrestrial protected areas, NTMRs are not only expected to conserve or recover biodiversity and ecosystems within their boundaries, but also to enhance biodiversity beyond their boundaries by exporting species richness and more complex biological communities. Here we show that species richness of large predatory reef fish increased fourfold and 11-fold inside two Philippine no-take marine reserves over 14 and 25 years, respectively. Outside one reserve (Apo) the species richness also increased. This increase beyond the Apo reserve boundary was 78% higher closer to the boundary (200-250 m) than farther from it (250-500 m). The increase in richness beyond the boundary could not be explained by improvements over time in habitat or prey availability. Furthermore, community composition of predatory fish outside but close to (200-250 m) the Apo reserve became very similar to that inside the reserve over time, almost converging with it in multivariate space after 26 years of reserve protection. This is consistent with the suggestion that, as community composition inside Apo reserve increased in complexity, this complexity spilled over the boundary into nearby fished areas. Clearly, the spillover of species richness and community complexity is a direct consequence of the spillover of abundance of multiple species. However, this spillover of species richness and community complexity demonstrates an important benefit of biodiversity and ecosystem export from reserves, and it provides hope that reserves can help to reverse the decline of marine ecosystems and biodiversity. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80053472240","10.3109/14767058.2011.606617","2011-01-01","Metabolic screening for the newborn","The advent of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) around 10 years ago allowed to enlarge consistently the spectrum of metabolic diseases that might be easily and quickly detected. MS/MS was applied to newborn screening in many developed countries, with a wide use, to detect as many as 55 abnormal biochemical conditions (USA), or a restricted one detecting only few diseases (Germany, UK, and Switzerland). Many factors were probably contributing to these very different health organization policies. Although neonatal screening is widely considered extremely useful and efficacious to improve prognosis of many metabolic disorders, the statistically significant demonstration of benefit is quite hard to reach for reasons mainly incidental to the characteristics of these disorders. The expanded newborn screening, in its wide application, includes at present severe diseases presenting in the first days of life, diseases for which treatment is not available, conditions with uncertain significance which are probably not diseases, detection of metabolic disturbances of the mother and all the mildest forms of organic acidurias, urea cycle disorders, fatty acid beta-oxidation defects that may have the possibility to remain asymptomatic for the whole life or may have an acute life-threatening onset of the disease many years later. Which could be the better approach to newborn screening is not clear at present, and probably, it will not be the same for each country. Results of regional screening programs need to be carefully collected and analyzed in future years, with the aim to optimize screening practice in the different countries. Efforts should also be addressed to improve screening programs in the developing countries. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955094996","10.4103/0189-6725.78665","2011-01-01","Challenges in the management of early versus late presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a poor resource setting","Background: Despite the advances in management, congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has continued to pose a significant challenge to paediatric surgeons. This is amplified in a setting like ours where there is a dearth of facilities to cope with the problem of CDH. This study was undertaken to highlight the peculiarities of the management of CDH in a poor resource setting. Methods: All confirmed cases of CDH were prospectively documented from 2003 till date. Results: Seven children were treated from 2003 till date. The diaphragmatic defect was on the left side in six (83.8%) and on the right side in one (17.7%). All the patients had primary closure of the defect without patch via an abdominal approach. The three patients presenting at birth died while the remaining four patients survived. Conclusion: With inadequate neonatal intensive care facilities, the severe early presenting CDH has a dismal prognosis. In contrast, the late presenting CDH poses more diagnostic challenges; but once identified and appropriate treatment instituted, it has an excellent prognosis. We recommend that physicians should include CDH in the differential diagnosis of patients with birth asphyxia and in patients with chronic respiratory symptoms with failure to thrive.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84940015701","10.7135/UPO9780857288356.010","2011-01-01","Nepal: Governance and democracy in a frail state","Nepal is a challenge for political scientists. Is it more a case of a failed state in need of fundamental restructuring or merely of a state that is failing to deliver, but that can be brought back to a more effective and efficient condition? The difference is more than a question of semantics. The former could lead to secession and the break-up of the state of Nepal in the face of regional and ethnic communities demanding greater autonomy and the right to selfdetermination. In this scenario it is the politics of identity that will continue to dominate and drive the agenda. The latter might see the current frustrations with the present state lead to its reorganisation, possibly to a federal rather than a unitary form; but it operates with a belief that the conditions for an effective and efficient state remain. This would suggest that the more fundamental challenge lies in the reform of governance and in making it more representative of the diversity of Nepal's citizens. The challenge in analysing and understanding Nepal is that indicators pointing to both possibilities are present in the post-conflict scenario in which peace has yet to be secured. The state's security forces lack effective control in many areas, there is a strongly voiced demand for autonomous provinces based on ethnicity, there is a strong and growing opposition to the rule of law by politicians and political parties' organisations, the army has openly contested rule by civilian government, and the drafting of a new constitution is so contested that the constituent assembly has been extended for a further year until the end of May 2011.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955093937",,"2011-02-01","Distribution of OCPs in surface intertidal sediments of Hangzhou Bay","Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in surface intertidal sediments of the Hangzhou Bay were measured by gas chromatography with electrochemical detection (GC-ECD). According to the results, the total content of OCPs in sediments ranged from 2.38 ng·g-1 to 17.71 ng·g-1 (dry weight). The hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) content ranged from 0.33~8.75 ng·g-1 and the dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) concentration ranged from 0.02~3.74 ng·g-1. The spatial distribution of OCPs presented the following sequence: Hangzhou part of the Qiantang River > south bank of Hangzhou Bay > north bank of Hangzhou Bay. The correlation between OCPs and TOC concentration in sediments was significant (r=0.626, p<0.01), which suggested that the level of OCPs in sediment was not only determined by the organic carbon content, but also closely related to the hydrodynamic conditions, sediment composition and human activity along the coastal zone. The composition characteristics of DDT and HCH in sediments indicated that they mostly come from the residue of agricultural soils, but new input was present at the H10 and H12 sites. There was no obvious ecological risk of OCPs in the sediments of Hangzhou Bay.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79751534188","10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.11.004","2011-02-01","The atmospheric lead record preserved in lagoon sediments at a remote equatorial Pacific location: Palmyra Atoll, northern Line Islands","Anthropogenic lead (Pb) inputs to the atmosphere increased greatly over the past century and now dominate Pb supply to the oceans. However, the Pb content of sediments across the equatorial Pacific region is relatively unknown, and data exist only for deep sea sites where Pb deposition lags surface water inputs by up to a century. Here we present ICP-MS analyses of Pb of a core from a lagoon at Palmyra Atoll, northern Line Islands, that spans approximately the past 160. years. The non-bioturbated sediments of the euxinic lagoon, coupled with rapid rates of deposition, provide a unique fine-scale record of atmospheric Pb supply at a remote Pacific location. These first observations of historic Pb sedimentation in an atoll lagoon reveal a 63-fold increase in Pb flux to sediments during the past century and correlate directly with the North American consumption of leaded gasoline that began in 1926. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79961136127","10.3378/027.083.0101","2011-02-01","Drafting human ancestry: What does the neanderthal genome tell us about hominid evolution? commentary on green et al. (2010)","Ten years after the first draft versions of the human genome were announced, technical progress in both DNA sequencing and ancient DNA analyses has allowed a research team around Ed Green and Svante Pääbo to complete this task from infinitely more difficult hominid samples: a few pieces of bone originating from our closest, albeit extinct, relatives, the Neanderthals. Pulling the Neanderthal sequences out of a sea of contaminating environmental DNA impregnating the bones and at the same time avoiding the problems of contamination with modern human DNA is in itself a remarkable accomplishment. However, the crucial question in the long run is, what can we learn from such genomic data about hominid evolution?. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955675633",,"2011-03-01","A study of the Malmquist productivity index of infrastructure investments using non-parametric approach","Gross regional product, per capita gross regional product and urbanization level were regarded as indicators measuring the output of infrastructure investments, fully reflecting the performance of infrastructure investments. The Malmquist productivity index of infrastructure investments, for analysis and evaluation of infrastructure investment efficiency, was calculated through the application of DEA non-parameters approach, without the deficiency of using an indicator to measure infrastructure investment performance. The results showed that the pulling effect of infrastructure investments for economic development was being reduced gradually and the focus has shifted from infrastructure investments of promoting economic development in the eastern areas to those promoting economic development of the middle and western regions, that the scale efficiency of infrastructure investments was gradually improved, that the pure technical efficiency change was leveling off, which showed that the current scale of infrastructure investments was modest, and that the key of getting rid of declining productivity was to promote technology innovation of infrastructure investment and allocation.",,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79952630456","10.1016/j.cosust.2010.11.004","2011-03-01","The need for 'duty of care' when introducing new crops for sustainable agriculture","The emerging bioenergy markets provide opportunities for the transformation and diversification of agriculture on an international scale through the development of new plant resources. Introduction of new perennial pastures and woody crops into agricultural systems offers significant environmental and economic benefits but may pose risks to existing natural ecosystems through environmental weeds and genetic contamination. A risk management framework provides a means of fulfilling the 'duty of care' requirements to enable industries to maximise the economic benefits of new crops whilst minimising any potential negative environmental impacts. An Environmental Risk Management Policy forms a basis for risk management at all levels of the research and development process. Such a policy includes assessment of both weed and genetic risk through assessment protocols based on the evaluation of variables known to influence invasiveness and gene flow. Experimental site hygiene guidelines provide a framework for operation of breeding activities that minimise the risk of trials as a source of invasion. Species management guides are extension information produced to ensure any risk associated with species and varieties released or promoted are identified and managed. ",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79953760360","10.1093/rpd/ncq320","2011-03-01","Comparison of various anthropomorphic phantom types for in vivo measurements by means of Monte Carlo simulations","Three widely used anthropomorphic phantoms are analysed with regard to their suitability for the efficiency calibration of whole-body counters (WBCs): a Bottle Manikin Absorber (BOMAB) phantom consisting of water-filled plastic containers, a St Petersburg block phantom (Research Institute of Sea Transport Hygiene, St Petersburg) made of polyethylene bricks and a mathematical Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) phantom, each of them representing a person weighing 70 kg. The analysis was performed by means of Monte Carlo simulations with the Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code using detailed mathematical models of the phantoms and the WBC at Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ). The simulated peak efficiencies for the BOMAB phantom and the MIRD phantom agree very well, but the results for the St Petersburg phantom are considerably higher. Therefore, WBCs similar to that at FZJ will probably underestimate the activity of incorporated radionuclides if they are calibrated by means of a St Petersburg phantom. Finally, the results from this work are compared with the conclusions from other studies dealing with block and BOMAB phantoms.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79952052461","10.4319/lo.2011.56.2.0599","2011-03-01","Temperature and nutrient stoichiometry interactively modulate organic matter cycling in a pelagic algal-bacterial community","A microcosm experiment was conducted to investigate the interactive effects of rising sea-surface temperature and altered nutrient stoichiometry on the biogeochemical cycling of organic matter in a pelagic algal-bacterial assemblage. Natural seawater, containing a mixed bacterial community, was inoculated with an axenic culture of the bloom-forming diatom species Skeletonema costatum. A factorial combination of three temperatures, simulating weak to strong warming as projected for the end of the 21st century, and either nitrogen (N)-replete or-deficient growth conditions were applied. Depending on the type of nutrient limitation, the mixed algal-bacterial communities displayed pronounced differences in the accumulation and microbial utilization of organic matter in response to warming. Under N-deficient conditions, the build-up of organic matter occurred, irrespective of temperature, dominantly in the particulate pool, and only small amounts of dissolved material accumulated. The subsequent bacterial consumption of organic matter was low, as indicated by measurements of bacterial secondary production and extracellular enzyme activities, and remained also largely unaffected by an increase in temperature from 4°C up to 12°C. Contrastingly, warming resulted in a distinct temperature-dependent increase in the accumulation of dissolved organic carbon compounds under N-replete growth conditions. Moreover, rising temperature notably stimulated the bacterial activity, indicating an enhanced flow of organic matter through the microbial loop. These findings suggest that there will be strong shifts in the biogeochemical cycling of organic matter in the upper ocean in response to increased temperature and nutrient loading that will affect pelagic foodweb structures and the biological sequestration of organic matter. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955445730",,"2011-04-01","An empirical analysis of minor league baseball team perceptions of its intangible benefits: evidence from Port St. Lucie and its residents-Urban planning approach","Sports franchises and cities across the United States have had a twisted relationship for some time. The relationship could best be characterized by thinking of sports team owners as spoilt children, whom when they don't get their way, move out of their parent's house. Cities spend untold amounts of money, effort and time to lure sports franchise teams to their neighborhoods with the hope that by doing so, their economies will be revitalized. But what do the average John and Jane Q. Public think about the effects of a sports stadium in their neighborhood? Seventeen years after a local baseball stadium's construction, what are its' perceived economic benefits? This research paper sets out to find what St. Lucie's county's residents perceive their baseball team's economic benefits to be.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79952573303","10.1016/j.contraception.2010.08.004","2011-04-01","Etonogestrel implant in adolescents: Evaluation of clinical aspects","Background: This prospective noncomparative observational study evaluated the clinical aspects of adolescents who received an etonogestrel implant within 6 months of delivery. Study Design: The study population comprised 44 adolescents managed at the Family Planning Sector of São Paulo Federal University. The implant was inserted, on average, 102 days after delivery and patients were followed during 1 year. At each monthly visit to the clinic, the participants were weighed, had their blood pressure measured and were asked to report on symptoms experienced during the last 30 days. Results: Approximately one-third (38.6%) of the participants reported symptoms, mostly headaches. There were no complaints of dysmenorrhea, breast tenderness or lower leg edema throughout the 12 months of follow-up. Mean body weight dropped 1.2 kg on average, from 56.4 kg at implant insertion to 55.3 kg at the end of the 1-year period. Body mass index also decreased 0.5 kg/m2 on average, although these changes did not reach statistical significance. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure remained unchanged throughout the study period. There were no pregnancies and none of the participants discontinued the method (528 women-months). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the etonogestrel implant is a safe and effective contraceptive method that is well accepted by adolescents after a pregnancy. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79952425637","10.1111/j.1467-7709.2010.00951.x","2011-04-01","Institutionalizing Human Rights in U.S. Foreign Policy: U.S.-Argentine Relations, 1976-1980","This article examines U.S.-Argentine relations during the period of military dictatorship (1976-1983). I argue that during the Gerald R. Ford administration, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's subtle support for the Argentine military junta-despite widespread state-sanctioned violence against perceived subversives-was a continuation of a historical process rooted in the early years of the Cold War: U.S. support for anticommunist Latin American military establishments. By contrast, Jimmy Carter's effort to promote human rights in U.S.-Argentine relations was a courageous effort to fulfill his campaign promise to bring competence and compassion to the Oval Office. Although clearly not unlimited, Carter's emphasis on human rights, particularly evident in his selection of Patricia Derian as Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs, provided an unprecedented government-sanctioned arena for human rights advocacy. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79952630547","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.02.013","2011-04-15","Benchmarking environmental and operational parameters through eco-efficiency criteria for dairy farms","Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is often used for the environmental evaluation of agri-food systems due to its holistic perspective. In particular, the assessment of milk production at farm level requires the evaluation of multiple dairy farms to guarantee the representativeness of the study when a regional perspective is adopted. This article shows the joint implementation of LCA and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in order to avoid the formulation of an average farm, therefore preventing standard deviations associated with the use of average inventory data while attaining the characterization and benchmarking of the operational and environmental performance of dairy farms. Within this framework, 72 farms located in Galicia (NW Spain) were subject to an LCA. +. DEA study which led to identify those farms with an efficient operation. Furthermore, target input consumption levels were benchmarked for each inefficient farm, and the corresponding target environmental impacts were calculated so that eco-efficiency criteria were verified. Thus, average reductions of up to 38% were found for input consumption levels, leading to impact reductions above 20% for every environmental impact category. Finally, the economic savings arising from efficient farming practices were also estimated. Economic savings of up to 0.13. £ per liter of raw milk were calculated, which means extra profits of up to 40% of the final raw milk price. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955010086","10.1007/s11104-010-0688-4","2011-05-01","Effects of long-term fertilization on AM fungal community structure and Glomalin-related soil protein in the Loess Plateau of China","Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are crucial for ecosystem functioning, and thus have potential use for sustainable agriculture. In this study, we investigated the impact of organic and mineral fertilizers on the AMF community composition and content of Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) in a field experimental station which was established in 1979, in the Loess Plateau of China. Roots and soils were sampled three times during the growing period of winter wheat in 2008. The treatments including: N (inorganic N), NP (inorganic N and P), SNP (straw, inorganic N and P), M (farmyard manure), MNP (farmyard manure, inorganic N and P), and CK (no fertilization). AMF communities of root and soil samples were analyzed using PCR-DGGE, cloning and sequencing techniques; and GRSP content was determined by Bradford assay. Our results indicated that spore density, GRSP, and AMF community varied significantly in soils of long-term fertilization plots at three different wheat growing stages. The effects of wheat growing period on AMF community in roots were much more evident than fertilization regimes. However, the diversity of AMF was low in our study field. Up to five AMF phylotypes appeared in each sample, with the overwhelming dominance of a Glomus-like phylotype affiliated to G. mosseae. GRSP content was correlated positively with organic carbon, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, soil pH, and spore densities, but correlated negatively with soil C/N (P < 0. 05). The results of our study highlight that the richness of AMF in Loess Plateau agricultural region is low, and long-term fertilization, especially amendments with manure and straw, has beneficial effects on accumulation of soil organic carbon, spore density, GRSP content, and AMF diversity. Host phenology, edaphic factors (influenced by long-term fertilization), and habitats interacted to affect the AMF community and agoecosystem functioning. Additionally, soil moisture and pH make a greater contribution than other determined soil parameters to the AMF community dynamics in such a special semi-arid agroecosystem where crops rely greatly on rainfall. ",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84921541870","10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586028.003.0001","2011-05-01","Introduction: Studying Pension Privatization in Europe","The introductory chapter discusses the need for studying the changing public-private pension mix and the governance and regulation of private (occupational and personal) pensions. Public pension systems with pay-as-you-go financing have not only come under pressure due to demographic and socio-economic changes but also the recent financial crisis has challenged funded private pensions. Mapping the main features of the public- private pension mix of the selected ten European countries, the chapter gives an overview of the content of the country chapters, drawing some lessons from their varied experiences. The introduction also sketches the main topics of the three comparative studies on the changing public-private pension mix, the varieties of pension governance and regulation as well as the poverty and inequality patterns emerging from the different pension systems.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79958125260","10.1100/tsw.2011.102","2011-05-05","Eradication of HIV by transplantation of CCR5-deficient hematopoietic stem cells","Today, 30 years after the onset of the HIV pandemic, although treatment strategies have considerably improved, there is still no cure for the disease. Recently, we described a successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in an HIV-1-infected patient, transferring donor-derived cells with a natural resistance against HIV infection. These hematopoietic stem cells engrafted, proliferated, and differentiated into mature myeloid and lymphoid cells. To date, the patient has not required any antiretroviral treatment, more than 4 years after allogeneic transplantation. In the analysis of peripheral blood cells and different tissue samples, including gut, liver, and brain, no viral load or proviral DNA could be detected. Our report raises the hope for further targeted treatment strategies against HIV and represents a successful personalized treatment with allogeneic stem cells carrying a beneficial gene. However, this case has ignited a controversy regarding the question of whether this patient has achieved complete eradication of HIV or not. Here we give an update on open questions, unsolved aspects, and clinical consequences concerning this unique case.  Published by TheScientificWorld.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79955946547","10.1016/j.ecss.2011.03.004","2011-05-30","Relocation effects of dredged marine sediments on mercury geochemistry: Venice lagoon, Italy","Understanding the biogeochemical process of Hg is critical in the overall evaluation of the ecological impacts resulting from the reuse of Hg-contaminated dredged sediment. Sediment banks (V1 and V2) were constructed with freshly dredged sediments from a navigational channel in Venice Lagoon, Italy, with the goal of clarifying potential differences in the biogeochemistry of Hg between the reused dredged sediments and those from surrounding sites (SS1 and S2). Toward this purpose, Hg and monomethylmercury (MMHg) concentrations, and Hg methylation rates (MMRs) in the surface 2.5 cm sediments were monitored, along with ammonium, iron, sulfate and sulfide concentrations in the pore waters of banks and surrounding sites from November 2005 to February 2007. Pore water analyses indicate that the bank sediments are characterized by lower levels of sulfate and iron, and by higher levels of ammonium and sulfide compared to the surrounding sediments. With respect to Hg speciation, the fractions of MMHg in total Hg (%MMHg/Hg) and the MMRs were significantly lower in the bank V1 compared to those in the reference site SS1, whereas the %MMHg/Hg and the MMRs were similar between V2 and S2. A negative correlation is found between the logarithm of the particle-water partition coefficient of Hg and the MMR, indicating that the reduced MMRs in V1 are caused by the limited concentrations of dissolved Hg. Organic matter appears to play a key role in the control of MMR via the control of Hg solubility. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80955142252","10.1007/s11769-011-0467-z","2011-06-01","Mollisols properties and changes in Ukraine and China","Soils are the foundation of civilizations and the basis for human food production. Mollisols in Ukraine and Northeast China are two out of the four major Mollisol regions in the world. The natural areas from which Mollisols developed are the prairies and steppes that experience temperate and freezing conditions. This review paper introduces the general climate, vegetation, and topography of Mollisols regions in Ukraine and Northeast China, analyzes their properties, including soil texture, soil organic matter content, soil bulk density, pH, cation exchange capacity and other chemical properties, and compares the property changes and management practices of Mollisols in relation to sustainable grain production. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79958760966","10.1080/15389588.2011.556171","2011-06-01","Investigation of the effectiveness of traffic sign training in terms of training methods and sign characteristics","Objective: This research investigated whether different training methods had any effect on the effectiveness of traffic sign training and whether there were any relationships between traffic sign characteristics and effectiveness of the training. Methods: Thirty-six participants were randomly assigned into 4 equal-sized groups (control, paired-associate learning, recall training, and recognition training) to study the learnability of Mainland China traffic signs. In paired- associate learning, participants studied each traffic sign along with a referent describing its meaning. In addition to being informed of the meaning of traffic signs, both recall training and recognition training provided participants with questions and feedback. For recall training, the questioning process was a recall task in which participants had to produce a meaning for a given traffic sign from memory. For recognition training, the questioning process was a recognition task that required participants to identify the most appropriate referent corresponding to a given sign. No traffic sign training was given to the control group. Results: Each training method significantly improved comprehension of the meaning of traffic signs. Participants from recall training performed better in a posttraining test than those from paired-associate learning and recognition training, indicating that the recall training elicited a deeper level of learning. In addition, questioning and feedback had a positive influence on training effectiveness. Performance in the posttest was found to be better when the questioning process matched the test process. Regarding the traffic sign characteristics, semantic closeness had a long-lasting effect, in terms of the timescale of this experiment on traffic sign comprehension, and traffic signs were perceived as more meaningful after their intended meanings were studied. Conclusions: Recall training is more effective in enhancing comprehension of traffic signs than paired-associate learning and recognition training. The findings of this study provide a basis for useful recommendations for designing symbol-training programs to improve road safety for road users. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80052190480","10.3917/crii.052.0069","2011-06-01","The dynamics of internationalization â: Germany and the international labor organization (1919-1940) Dynamiques de l'internationalisation : l'Allemagne et l'Organisation internationale du travail (1919-1940)","This case study of Germany and the ILO between 1919 and 1944 allows us to ask to what extent and under what form international organizations can constitute spaces within which “the international domain is producedâ€?. By distinguishing between two periods, it also allows empirical study of these mechanisms of internationalization in the domain of social policy. During the Weimar Republic, the mechanisms by means of which social knowledge and expertise were internationalized were active wherever the national and international scenes overlapped. There, the “German social modelâ€? underwent various forms of denationalization (though not without giving rise to tension). The Nazi period represented a return to the late nineteenth-century tradition of social imperialism. An examination of this period reveals the importance accorded by the Nazis to international organizations as instruments of propaganda as well as the way in which they sought to profit from these organizations by “twistingâ€? their objectives. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79959357906","10.1016/j.cub.2011.05.005","2011-06-21","Protected and threatened components of fish biodiversity in the mediterranean sea","The Mediterranean Sea (0.82% of the global oceanic surface) holds 4%-18% of all known marine species (∼17,000), with a high proportion of endemism [1, 2]. This exceptional biodiversity is under severe threats [1] but benefits from a system of 100 marine protected areas (MPAs). Surprisingly, the spatial congruence of fish biodiversity hot spots with this MPA system and the areas of high fishing pressure has not been assessed. Moreover, evolutionary and functional breadth of species assemblages [3] has been largely overlooked in marine systems. Here we adopted a multifaceted approach to biodiversity by considering the species richness of total, endemic, and threatened coastal fish assemblages as well as their functional and phylogenetic diversity. We show that these fish biodiversity components are spatially mismatched. The MPA system covers a small surface of the Mediterranean (0.4%) and is spatially congruent with the hot spots of all taxonomic components of fish diversity. However, it misses hot spots of functional and phylogenetic diversity. In addition, hot spots of endemic species richness and phylogenetic diversity are spatially congruent with hot spots of fishery impact. Our results highlight that future conservation strategies and assessment efficiency of current reserve systems will need to be revisited after deconstructing the different components of biodiversity. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79958769139","10.1007/s10529-011-0584-x","2011-07-01","Sustained photo-hydrogen production by Chlorella pyrenoidosa without sulfur depletion","The sustained production of H2 by Chlorella pyrenoidosa was achieved without sulfur deficiency or PSII inhibition. C. pyrenoidosa preserved hydrogenase activity for several hours in the dark. Hydrogenase activity in vitro is O2 sensitive, which indicates that respiration may play an important role in H2 production. A sustainable production of H2 was obtained for 200 h under illumination. Further, by using 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea as a PSII inhibitor, at least 70% electrons for H2 production were generated from PSII-catalyzed-H2O oxidation. The remaining electrons were probably from endogenous substrate degradation. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79959505293","10.1080/09640568.2010.530513","2011-07-01","Multi-stakeholder involvement and urban green space performance","This study aimed to identify the main factors influencing urban green space performance. Therefore, a conceptual framework on the relations of multistakeholder involvement (MSI) and the performance was conducted by a mixedmethod approach. The study covered all urban green space projects (UGSPs) published in international journals as its population which were obtained from three main databases: ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus and Picarta. Using a few combinations of keywords, 29 relevant journals were identified, which included 42 UGSPs as the main units of analysis in this study. A content analysis was used to determine the contribution of MSI to the performance of urban green space. The main internal (state, private, society, planning/design, implementation, maintenance, input for management, and financial support) and external (regulation, good leadership and financial support) MSI indicators were further identified. The findings showed that the main indicators that significantly influence urban green space performance are 'state, society, implementation and regulation'. The study concluded that the state plays a critical role in the UGSPs' performance although it is not the only actor. The influential role of the state and society should also be considered since most of green space projects are non-profit oriented. 'Society' involvement also contributes to the performance and 'regulation' is also needed as a legal basis for green space development and management. To validate the conceptual framework and mixed-method approach developed here, it is recommended that more studies should be conducted to compare the relationship of the MSI and the UGSPs' performance in different categories. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84858130963","10.1890/ES11-00020.1","2011-07-01","Mass mortality of seabirds in the aftermath of the Prestige oil spill","Copyright We performed three experiments that included: (1) a test of several drift block models in open sea, to select the one that best fitted the drift of alcid carcasses; (2) the release of 450 drift blocks at 9 offshore points to assess the recovery rate of oiled alcids and its spatial variation; (3) the assessment of beach survey effort and the detectability of drift blocks. Mean mortality estimates and their bootstrapped confidence intervals were obtained through an estimation model that established: (1) a temporal limit of 23 days to block drifting; (2) spatial differences in the recovery rates of blocks depending on how far away from the coast they were released; (3) a correction factor accounting for detectability, and (4) the distribution pattern of the three alcid species involved according to three distance classes, based on ship surveys. The Prestige oil spill, in terms of acute seabird mortality, was one of the worst oil spills ever reported worldwide. Compared to other major oil spills the estimated mortality for the Prestige oil spill was higher than expected from the number of carcasses retrieved. We recommend that drift block assessments of seabird mortality should be included in contingency response plans to oil pollution emergencies; therefore, a supply of drift-blocks designed to mimic the drifting behavior of the marine bird species of interests should be at hand.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79960330236","10.1007/978-3-642-21887-3_13","2011-07-19","Towards 'resilient cities' - Harmonisation of spatial planning information as one step along the way","By 2050 two-thirds of the world's population will live in urban areas (UN Habitat, 2006). As a result the dramatic urbanisation process is depleting the world's resources and the chief culprit behind climate change. Resilient cities can adapt to changes, grand challenges and can balance ecosystem and human functions. Spatial planning aims at making cities more resilient and sustainable which requires innovation, foresight, effective partnership and networks among all actors involved in urban planning processes. In practice, the implementation of these ideas is difficult because cities are dynamic structures and spatial planning processes as well as their outputs are very diverse across Europe and the world. Harmonised spatial planning information and spatial data infrastructures (SDI) encourage monitoring and more transparent planning processes. SDI can be a supportive element for spatial planning processes as it provides important harmonised data input and helps to better understand the complexity of cities and planning. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,
"2-s2.0-80052593549",,"2011-08-01","Valuation of economic losses from grassland ecosystem degradation using remote sensing data","Using remote sensing data and the retro-extrapolation method, we evaluated the grassland ecosystem degradation in China by the following three major indicators: grassland net primary productivity (NPP), vegetation coverage rate, and soil erosion. Its ecological implications were then evaluated along the following five dimensions: organic substance production, nutrient circulation, oxygen release and carbon sequestration, water conservation, and soil erosion. Furthermore, the associated economic losses with grassland degradation were calculated by using shadow engineering and market valuation approaches. It was estimated that the economic losses from grassland degradation amounted to ¥144.68 billion RMB, accounting for 0.69 percent of China's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2006. And about 52.00 percent of the total loss, which is the biggest share, could be attributed to the failure of soil and water conservation. Overgrazing was found to be another important contributing factor in grassland degradation in China.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80051469514","10.1016/j.semarthrit.2010.08.005","2011-08-01","Cancer in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Exposed to TNF Antagonists","Objective: To describe the risk of cancer in patients exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists. Methods: The following 2 clinical cohorts were studied: (1) BIOBADASER 2.0: a registry of patients suffering from rheumatic diseases exposed to TNF antagonists (2531 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1488 spondyloarthropathies, and 675 other rheumatic conditions); and (2) EMECAR: a cohort of 789 RA patients not exposed to TNF antagonists. Cancer incidence rates (IR) per 1000 patient-years and incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated for BIOBADASER 2.0 and EMECAR patients. The IR over time in BIOBADASER 2.0 patients was analyzed by joinpoint regression. The IRR was estimated to compare cancer rates in exposed versus nonexposed RA patients. Standardized incidence and mortality ratios (SIR, SMR) were also estimated. Risk factors for cancer in patients exposed to TNF antagonists were investigated by generalized linear models. Results: The SMR for cancer in BIODASER 2.0 was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.51-0.86), and the SIR was 0.1 (95% CI 0.03-0.23). The IR in RA patients exposed to TNF antagonists was 5.8 (95% CI: 4.4-7.6), and the adjusted IRR was 0.48 (95% CI: 0.09-2.45). The IR in patients with previous cancer was 26.4 (95% CI: 4.1-171.5). Age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and steroids were associated with a higher risk of developing cancer. The IR decreased after the first 4 months of exposure, without statistical significance. Conclusion: Overall cancer and mortality rates in patients with rheumatic diseases exposed to TNF antagonists are no higher than in the background Spanish population. However special attention should be paid to elderly patients, those with previous cancers, and patients treated with steroids. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80051503031","10.1890/10-1508.1","2011-08-01","Potential impact of climate-related changes is buffered by differential responses to recruitment and interactions","Detection of ecosystem responsiveness to climatic perturbations can provide insight into climate change consequences. Recent analyses linking phytoplankton abundance and mussel recruitment to the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) revealed a paradox. Despite large increases in mussel recruitment beginning in 2000, adult mussel responses were idiosyncratic by site and intertidal zone, with no response at one long-term site, and increases in the low zone (1.5% per year) and decreases in the mid zone (1.3% per year) at the other. What are the mechanisms underlying these differential changes? Species interactions such as facilitation by barnacles and predation are potential determinants of successful mussel colonization. To evaluate these effects, we analyzed patterns of barnacle recruitment, determined if predation rate covaried with the increase in mussel recruitment, and tested facilitation interactions in a field experiment. Neither magnitude nor season of barnacle recruitment changed meaningfully with site or zone from the 1990s to the 2000s. In contrast to the relationship between NPGO and local-scale mussel recruitment, relationships between local-scale patterns of barnacle recruitment and climate indices were weak. Despite differences in rates of prey recruitment and abundance of sea stars in 1990-1991, 1999-2000, and 2007- 2008, predation rates were nearly identical in experiments before, during, and after 1999-2000. The facilitation experiment showed that mussels M. trossulus only became abundant when barnacle recruitment was allowed, when abundance of barnacles reached high abundance of ∼50% cover, and when mussel recruitment was sufficiently high. Thus, in the low zone minimal changes in mussel abundance despite sharply increased recruitment rates are consistent with the hypothesis that change in adult mussel cover was buffered by the relative insensitivity of barnacle recruitment to climatic fluctuations, and a resultant lack of change in facilitation strength. Facilitation of mussels is likely important in the mid zone as well, but the dynamics of the longer-lived M. californianus at our two long-term sites appeared to be driven primarily by differential regimes of disturbance. Although rocky intertidal ecosystems may be sensitive to major climatic perturbations, predicting community responses will be difficult due to complex individualistic responses of key taxa during the recruitment stage and their influences on subsequent species interactions. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80052483279",,"2011-08-24","Applications of supercritical fluid transport technology in preparation of controlled-release drug delivery systems","Among the research of new pharmaceutic dosage forms, controlled-release drug delivery system is a very important issue nowdays. In this field, processes using supercritical fluid technology are mostly clean process leading to clean products. Meanwhile, inorganic porous materials are emerging as a new category of host/guest systems due to some interesting features such as their biological stability and their drug-releasing properties. This review summarizes the applications of supercritical fluid transport technology in preparation of controlled-release drug delivery system in recent years and pays more attention on the method using supercritical fluid as the solvent and inorganic mesoporous materials as the support to prepare this controlled-release drug delivery system. The technical principle, development of technological process and the main influence factors are discussed here besides the drug release experiments and the comparison with the traditional methods. It shows clearly the advantages and disadvantages of various processes, and sums up the superiority of the supercritical transport technology in preparing controlled-release drug delivery system. Although this technique has lots of advantages, as for the papers delivered at present, the research on supercritical fluid transport technology is just at its initial stage of development because there are so many factors influencing the experimental results and these factors are sometimes link-coupled. It is still challenging to make the preparation controllable. It indicates that the diffusion and penetration of the supercritical carbon dioxide drug solution in porous materials, the surface chemical and physical adsorption mechanism should be focused on as well as the controlled drug release mechanism, thermodynamic model and process dynamic.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80052316459","10.1007/s00414-011-0592-3","2011-09-01","Development of 11 X-STR loci typing system and genetic analysis in Tibetan and Northern Han populations from China","X-chromosomal short tandem repeats (X-STRs) loci are used for forensic practice in recent years which play increasingly important roles in some complex kinship cases. In this paper, a new multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system which can simultaneously analyze 11 X-STR markers (DXS8378, DXS6795, DXS7132, DXS6803, DXS9898, DXS6801, DXS7133, GATA165B12, HPRTB, DXS8377 and DXS7423) was developed. The samples of 1,605 (742 males and 863 females) unrelated individuals from Tibetan and Northern Han population were successfully analyzed using this multiplex system. A total of 103 alleles for all the loci were observed. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests demonstrated no significant deviation from expected values (P∈>∈0.05) for all of the 11 X-STR loci in the two studied populations. Polymorphism information contents of the loci were 0.3864-0.9013, and powers of discrimination in females of the loci were 0.6317-0.9845. There were no statistically significant differences between Tibetan and Northern Han populations in allele distribution of the 11 X-STR loci, in line with analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results. Our work indicates that this multiplex system is useful for forensic analysis for the two populations in China. ",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-79960940158","10.1016/j.wasman.2011.05.005","2011-09-01","Enhanced methane recovery by food waste leachate injection into a landfill in Korea","The current food waste leachate (FWL) disposal practice in Korea warrants urgent attention and necessary action to develop an innovative and sustainable disposal strategy, which is both environmentally friendly and economically beneficial. In this study, methane production by FWL injection into a municipal solid waste landfill with landfill gas (LFG) recovery facility was evaluated for a period of more than 4months. With the target of recovering LFG with methane content ∼50%, optimum LFG extraction rate was decided by a trial and error approach during the field investigation in five different phases. The results showed that, upon FWL injection, LFG extraction rate of ∼20m 3/h was reasonable to recover LFG with methane content ∼58%. Considering the estimated methane production potential of 31.7m 3 CH 4 per ton of FWL, methane recovery from the landfill was enhanced by 14%. The scientific findings of this short-term investigation indicates that FWL can be injected into the existing sanitary landfills to tackle the present issue and such landfills with efficient liner and gas collection facility can be utilized as absolute and sustainable environmental infrastructures. .",,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80051974185","10.1111/j.1748-720X.2011.00615.x","2011-09-01","When Public Health and Genetic Privacy Collide: Positive and Normative Theories Explaining How ACA's Expansion of Corporate Wellness Programs Conflicts with GINA's Privacy Rules","The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) contains many provisions intended to increase access to and lower the cost of health care by adopting public health measures. One of these promotes the use of at-work wellness programs by both providing employers with grants to develop these programs and also increasing their ability to tie the price employees pay for health insurance for participating in these programs and meeting specific health goals. Yet despite ACA's specific alteration of three different statues which had in the past shielded employees from having to contribute to the cost of their health insurance based on their achieving employer-designated health markers, it chose to leave alone recently enacted rules implementing the Genetic Non-Discrimination Act (GINA), which prohibits employers from asking employees about their family health history in any context, including assessing their risk for setting wellness targets. This article reviews how both the changes made by ACA and the restrictions recently put place by GINA will affect the way employers are likely to structure Wellness Programs. It also considers how these changes reflect the competing social goals of both ACA, which seeks to expand access to the population by lowering costs, and GINA, which seeks to protect individuals from discrimination. It does so by analyzing both positive theories about how these new laws will function and normative theories explaining the likelihood of future friction between the interests of the population of the United States as a whole who are in need of increased and affordable access to health care, and of the individuals living in this country who risk discrimination, as science and medicine continue to make advances in linking genetic make-up to risk of future illness. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80052187315","10.1109/RSETE.2011.5965861","2011-09-05","Tourism development and mountain disasters management in Longmenshan of Chengdu City","The tourism development in Longmenshan of Chengdu City is being confronted with a lot of mountain disasters such as debris flows, slopes instable, and landslides at present. Therefore mountain disasters are becoming a question of common interest in local tourism development. The purpose of the paper was to integrate the relationship of dynamics between mountain disasters impact and tourism industry adaptation in the mountain area of Longmenshan in Chengdu City, and understanding vulnerability and exploring ways to enhance mountain people's adaptive capacities for tourism development. With its rich tourism resources, the mountain area of Longmenshan is promising and potential to develop tourism industry. However, mountain disasters are affecting the already fragile mountain ecosystems and the unsustainable tourism development styles are also existed. Therefore, our paper aims to promote tourism development in conjunction with mountain disasters prevention and mitigation in Longmenshan on the base of government support in the long term. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80052878788",,"2011-09-22","[Critical notes on the results of studies (ACCORD, ADVANCE, VADT) of the efficiency of intensive therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus].","A brief review of results of prospective randomized studies on the efficacy of reduction of blood glucose levels for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus complications delivered at the 68th Congress of American Diabetic Association (June 2008). They showed that normal glycemia is very difficult to reach and usually at the cost of side effects, in the first place hypoglycemia. Lowering glycemia to the near-normal level prevents development of nephropathy but fails to reduce the frequency of cardiovascular disease. The reduced risk of myocardial infarction was documented only in the ACCORD study. However, this effect was associated with a rise in general mortality that necessitated premature termination of this trial. Causes behind the enhanced mortality are discussed, recommendation are proposed ensuing from the results of the reviewed studies.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84857571590",,"2011-10-01","Energy conservation in exiting buildings","An investment in building infrastructure upgrades can be a good answer to rising commodity prices, leading to a reduction in energy consumption in new buildings. Inputting some basic information into the Portfolio Manager such as building type, sq ft, number of occupants, hours of operation, and utility bill data allows Portfolio Manager to generate a building score between 0 and 100. Buildings that have a high energy use intensity (EUI) compared to a peer group are good candidates for energy auditing. ASHRAE defines three levels of energy audits, with Level I and II audits being the most common. A level III audit might be conducted when there is a lot of money at stake such as with larger energy-intensive facilities that that are performing well below expectations or when a performance contract is to be employed that bases financial outcomes on energy savings. A category of energy consumption that the building owners and tenants directly control is the process load, which in an office building can be composed of computers, copiers, printers, and monitors.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80051794476","10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.021","2011-10-01","Transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump systems: A review","Carbon dioxide is a safe, economic and environmentally sustainable refrigerant which can be used in heat pump and refrigeration systems. Research into the performance and benefits of a transcritical heat pump cycle using carbon dioxide began in the early 1990s. Theoretical and experimental research, as well as commercial system development, has improved transcritical system performance to a level similar to that of conventional heat pump systems. This paper presents an overview of transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump systems. The paper begins with a summary of carbon dioxide's use as a refrigerant and the distinctions of the transcritical cycle, followed by a numerical analysis of transcritical cycle performance. The study will then present a review of research on transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump systems, which covers system components, configurations and modifications and how these factors affect overall system performance. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80053941265","10.1890/10-1409.1","2011-10-01","Phosphorus flow analysis of the socioeconomic ecosystem of Shucheng County, China","Human activities disturb the long-term phosphorus (P) cycle in nature, whereby the resulting intensive release of P contributes to the eutrophication of surface water. Hence, a detailed understanding of P flow as it relates to socioeconomic systems is essential for effective nutrient management. This study develops a substance-flow-analysis model for P metabolism for the socioeconomic ecosystem of Shucheng County in Anhui Province in central China as a case study. We estimate P flow using data from questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, published literature, and official statistical databases. Our results show that P flow in Shucheng's current socioeconomic system is linear and openly metabolic. The total P input into Shucheng in 2008 reached 12 748 Mg, mainly as P ores and crops. In all, 43.83% of the total P input was exported, and 30.44% was discharged into surface water. More-balanced nutrient management and options for improving nutrient use efficiency are discussed. The quantifiable, science-based methods used in this study may be applied to neighboring regions of central China for sustainable development and water management. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80053907042",,"2011-10-14","The ecological effects of Suaeda salsa on repairing heavily degraded coastal saline-alkaline wetlands in the Yellow River Delta","The Yellow River Delta is one of the most active regions of land-ocean interaction among the large river deltas in the world. However, the wetlands in Yellow River Delta have been suffering from soil salinity and increasing degradation, because of the coastal erosion and drying up of the Yellow River. Therefore, it's essential to develop efficient ecoremediation methods on heavily degraded coastal saline-alkaline wetlands to protect wetlands resources. To study the ecological effects of Suaeda salsa on repairing heavily degraded coastal saline-alkaline wetlands, ploughing (PG), fertilization (FG) and reed debris (RD) were used for soil eco-remediation. The saline-alkaline soil eco-remediation effects were investigated by periodic measurements of such variables as soil salt content, Na +, soil urease, phosphatase, soil nutrient components and biomass, density and yield of Suaeda salsa plant. The dynamic changes of different index and the differences of three eco-remediation methods were discussed. The results showed that the Suaeda salsa plant could grow well after the soil eco-remediation on heavily degraded coastal saline-alkaline wetlands. All three eco-remediation methods could decrease the soil salt content efficiently. The Na + content in the eco-remediated soil was significantly lower than in control soil. Among three methods, the Na + content in RD was significantly lower than in other two groups. The activity of soil urease and phosphatase in eco-remediation groups were higher than control, which indicated that the soil fertility was significantly improved. Compared with three methods, the activity of soil urease and phosphatase in RD was the highest. The contents of total N in PG, FG and RD were increased 30. 9%, 31.7% and 28.6% respectively, and the content of total organic C, available P and K did not rise significantly. Plant biomass is one of the most important indicator evaluating the plant growth condition. Compared with three methods, the density of Suaeda salsa plant was FG < PG < RD, and the biomass of Suaeda salsa plant was PG < FG < RD. The results together indicated that organic matter adding is an effective way for soil eco-remediation in heavily degraded coastal saline-alkaline wetlands.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-81355134573",,"2011-11-01","Important bird areas: The British Indian Ocean Territory","The Chagos Archipelago, which has been known as the British Indian Ocean Territory since 1965, holds 18 species of breeding seabirds, many of them in internationally important numbers. The entire area, with the exception of Diego Garcia and its immediate surrounding waters, was designated a Marine Protected Area (MPA) in 2010, the largest MPA declared in the world so far. This UK Overseas Territory also hosts a Ramsar site based upon Diego Garcia, as well as ten Important Bird Areas (IBAs). Recent research has shown that a further two sites deserve IBA status. All of these sites have been designated IBAs for their breeding numbers or congregations of seabirds.There is a paucity of landbirds and no endemics. Human influence on the avian populations of the archipelago has been catastrophic.There is evidence of immense seabird colonies at one time but these had all disappeared by the late nineteenth century. Introduced Black Rats Rattus rattus continue to suppress numbers of breeding birds in most islands of the archipelago, while conversion of native forests to coconut Cocos nucifera plantations has deleteriously altered the terrestrial environment of most islands. There is evidence that a small recovery of breeding seabird numbers is taking place on some islands, though much more research is needed. Returning many of the islands to a rat-free, coconutmanaged state, which could assist seabird recovery, is a matter of funding and political will, rather than a 'green dream'.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80052170143","10.1016/j.jbankfin.2011.03.015","2011-11-01","The persistence of bank profit","This paper examines the intensity of competition in 65 national banking industries. Country-level dynamic panel estimates of the persistence of bank profit are reported and compared. Persistence of bank profit is interpreted as an indicator of the intensity of competition, and as such is found to be consistent with traditional structure-based and conduct-based competition indicators. Persistence is negatively related to the rate of growth in GDP per capita, and positively related to the size of entry barriers. Persistence tends to be weaker, and competition stronger, in countries where institutional development is more advanced and external governance mechanisms are strong. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84861213740","10.1162/REST_a_00147","2011-11-01","Long-Run Convergence In Manufacturing And Innovation-Based Models","Most studies of comparative productivities fail to find evidence of convergence in OECD manufacturing despite major economic growth theories predicting convergence. Using manufacturing data for nineteen OECD countries over the period from 1870 to 2006, this study finds strong evidence of unconditional b-convergence as well as r-convergence. Panel data estimates suggest that the convergence has been driven by domestic R and D, international R and D spillovers, and financial development as predicted by Schumpeterian growth theories. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-80255131318","10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.04.032","2011-11-15","Retrospective analysis of outcome differences in preoperative concurrent chemoradiation with or without elective nodal irradiation for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and patterns of failure of elective nodal irradiation (ENI) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) undergoing preoperative concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) followed by radical surgery. Methods and Materials: We retrospectively studied 118 patients with AJCC Stage II to III esophageal SCC undergoing preoperative CCRT (median, 36 Gy), followed by radical esophagectomy. Of them, 73 patients (62%) had ENI and 45 patients (38%) had no ENI. Patients with ENI received radiotherapy to either supraclavicular (n = 54) or celiac (n = 19) lymphatics. Fifty-six patients (57%) received chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus cisplatin. The 3-year progression-free survival, overall survival, and patterns of failure were analyzed. Distant nodal recurrence was classified into M1a and M1b regions. A separate analysis using matched cases was conducted. Results: The median follow-up was 38 months. There were no differences in pathological complete response rate (p = 0.12), perioperative mortality rate (p = 0.48), or delayed Grade 3 or greater cardiopulmonary toxicities (p = 0.44), between the groups. More patients in the non-ENI group had M1a failure than in the ENI group, with 3-year rates of 11% and 3%, respectively (p = 0.05). However, the 3-year isolated distant nodal (M1a + M1b) failure rates were not different (ENI, 10%; non-ENI, 14%; p = 0.29). In multivariate analysis, pathological nodal status was the only independent prognostic factor associated with overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.78, p = 0.045). The 3-year overall survival and progression-free survival were 45% and 45%, respectively, in the ENI group, and 52% and 43%, respectively, in the non-ENI group (p = 0.31 and 0.89, respectively). Matched cases analysis did not show a statistical difference in outcomes between the groups. Conclusions: ENI reduced the M1a failure rate but was not associated with improved outcomes in patients undergoing preoperative CCRT for esophageal SCC. Pathological nodal metastasis predicted poor outcome. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84855226061",,"2011-12-01","A multilevel analysis on predicting mathematics performance in Chinese primary schools: Implications for practice","The acquisition of mathematical literacy in primary school is a complex process that is influenced by a large set of variables. A multilevel model was applied to identify significant predictors of mathematics performance in Chinese primary schools. Data were obtained from 10,959 students of six grades from primary schools in rural/urban areas, within five provinces with different developmental levels. At the school level, the aggregated socioeconomic status of a school is a significant predictor of math performance (x 2=4.3, df=1,p<.05), until the individual reading level is included. At the class level, grade is a significant predictor. Teacher's graduation level predicts performance (x 2=4.84, df=1,p=.03), until individual students' metacognition level is added. At the student level, reading performance (x 2=434.87, df=1,p<.00), mathematics self-efficacy (x 2=392.62, df=1,p<.00) and metacognition (x 2=756.62, df=1,p<.00) play a large and significant role. Socioeconomic status of family is a weak and polynomial predictor. The results reveal that individual background variables are important predictors and explain 46.67% of the total variance in math performance. After controlling for student characteristics, school and class level variables disappear as predictors, implying an interaction between contextual and individual variables. The present research findings have - next to theoretical implication - also policy implications for Chinese mathematics education. Firstly, the educational quality between provinces seem to be balanced, but the school quality within a province does not seem to be balanced. Secondly, there seems to be a need for a quality control related to the output of open teacher training institutions. Thirdly, remedial or intervention programs have to be put in place, to be proactive as to difficulties of students with different language backgrounds. Copyright ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84858809624",,"2011-12-01","An approach to model selection when predicting water quality in NSW using geospatial predictors","The NSW Office of Water, within the Department of Trade and Investment, Regional Infrastructure and Services is developing water quality guidelines for regions within New South Wales as part of the state's implementation of the National Water Quality Management Strategy (NWQMS). The new guidelines will be tailored more closely to specific catchments and regions than the current default guidelines in NSW, the Australian Water quality Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Waters, National Water Quality Management Strategy (ANZECC & ARMCANZ, 2000). They will also be used to inform various national and state natural resource management targets. Water quality guidelines typically include reference values that indicate what the best case water quality values are for a region: these reference values are usually derived from reference sites, which have been purposefully chosen because they provide the best example of undisturbed conditions within a catchment. Reference sites were not available for this project, hence the Office of Water has used a predictive modeling approach to underpin the development of water quality guidelines by developing statistical estimates of reference condition. The predictive models have drawn on the last 10 years of water quality and in-stream flow records, and associated geospatial information from catchments across NSW. The project has concentrated on building predictive models for five common water quality variables: turbidity, electrical conductivity, water temperature, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Water quality is affected by both natural and anthropogenic factors. That is, rainfall and any landscape features not influenced by human behavior versus all land use types, distance to upstream dams and all variables related to vegetation type or cover. Flow variables were categorised separately because they are influenced by both natural and anthropogenic activities. It is possible that current targets for some sites may never be able to be met due to the impact of natural factors. One of the aims of this research is to identify if that is ever possible and, if so, under what conditions. This research will also assist in determining which regions will most benefit by targeted activities to reduce the impact of human behavior on waterways. An earlier pilot study established that natural and discrete groupings could be formed based on different water quality characteristics alone and that sets of geospatial factors associated with a water quality monitoring station's drainage can be used to explain the water quality characteristics of that station. The current research has built on the pilot study, refining quality control procedures and increasing the scope and number of monitoring stations, whilst the water quality variables of interest remain as total nitrogen, turbidity, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity and water temperature. The range of geospatial variables, although fine-tuned, has still remained a significant number, viz. 72. This paper will discuss the approach taken to reduce the possible number of geospatial predictors to a number acceptable for a robust prediction of a data series, how the time series of each water quality variable at each water quality monitoring station was summarised to allow investigation of the impact of the geospatial predictor variables, how these predictors were then used to build separate models to predict each of the water quality variables at each water quality monitoring station based on the subset of important geospatial predictors for the corresponding water quality variable and how the models were validated. The resulting predictive models and the estimation of undisturbed water quality values are not discussed in this paper, but will be addressed in future publications.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863960625",,"2011-12-01","Preservice teachers creating digital storybooks for use in early childhood classrooms","The paper reports on a study in progress, which investigates pre-service teachers' experiences in creating and using digital storybooks for use in early childhood settings, to help young children learn literacy. A cohort of 20 Australian pre-service teachers (Primary and Early Childhood majors) are participating in the study. Data collection is through surveys, interviews, reflective journals and analysis of the digital storybooks written by the pre-service teachers. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874168192",,"2011-12-01","Clearance of explosive ordnance (EXO) from Albany Port, Princess Royal Harbour","In 2007 the Albany Port Authority initiated a project to remove explosive ordnance (EXO) from Princess Royal Harbour to improve safety for vessels using the port and to reduce potential source of risk to future marine developments. The initial project stages included the review and consolidation of data to determine the scope of works required to meet the project objectives and the formulation of an appropriate method to remove sediments and debris from the harbour. This work was ultimately undertaken by a specifically designed and modified cutter suction dredge (CSD) which was assisted by a team of specialist clearance divers who were responsible for the identification of any potential items of EXO. This methodology was the subject of a 'HAZID' risk assessment process to ensure that the proposed works could be completed in a safe and effective manner. Subsequent stages of the project included the development of a contracting strategy and dredging specification, the completion of dredging works to remove a layer of unconsolidated sediments and subsequently the completion of a final site inspection by divers to complete the EXO clearance process. This paper discusses the requirement to complete the works and the factors that were considered in the development of the project methodology. The affects of the constraints and challenges encountered during the clearance works are discussed and include unclear historical information, site-specific operational and environmental factors, project timings and budget constraints. Finally this paper presents an assessment of the project outcomes.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84895275110",,"2011-12-01","The use of language in the mathematics classroom","Despite the mantra of all teachers are teachers of literacy , the importance of language is often overlooked in the mathematics classroom. In this chapter, different ways in which teachers might approach language development in mathematics will be considered. In particular, the importance of students having a mathematical register that goes beyond vocabulary use to indicate their growing understanding of mathematical concepts is explored. In both spoken and written text, teachers' use of mathematical language can help or hinder students' understanding. Conversely, careful attention by the teacher to students' spoken and written language can provide pointers to students' misconceptions, confidence and developing understanding. The implications for teaching are considered.  All rights reserved.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84883199219","10.1007/978-94-007-0253-0_19","2011-12-01","How to Grow Environmental - Sound Biofuels","EU strategy of renewable energy development assumes an increase of energy from renewable sources, up to 7.5% in 2010 and to 14% in 2020. In terms of that project production and usage of woody and herbaceous energy crops for power and heat generation on contaminated sites is said to be a pro20 position for wide spectrum of brownfields. Persistent soil pollutants, like heavy metals, are source of soil degradation and create the most complicated problems, as the phenomenon of natural attenuation, which is functioning in case of many other pollutants, is not applicable here. For environmental friendly combustion process (Nussbaumer, 2003) plants used as energy crop, should be free from harmful compounds. There is a luck of easily available information related to the physiological properties of plants concerning heavy metals uptake. Heavy metal concentration in plants is related to the plant species and cultivars. Possibilities of using the list of plants with the low level of heavy metal shoot concentration should help to grow environmentally safe energetic crop. For production of biomass with low level of heavy metals different chemo31 stabilization scenarios for various areas are expected. First contaminated soils should be remediated before energy crop production. Chemicals introduced to the soil bind metals and diminish metal uptake by plants. Appropriate soil pH also could stabilize metal migration in the soil compartment. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-81255211312","10.1016/j.jpag.2011.07.002","2011-12-01","Teenage Pregnancy and the Influence of Paternal Involvement on Fetal Outcomes","Study Objective: We sought to assess the impact of paternal involvement on adverse birth outcomes in teenage mothers. Design: Using vital records data, we generated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the association between paternal involvement and fetal outcomes in 192,747 teenage mothers. Paternal involvement status was based on presence/absence of paternal first and/or last name on the birth certificate. Setting: Data were obtained from vital records data from singleton births in Florida between 1998 and 2007. Participants: The study population consisted of 192,747 teenage mothers ≤ 20 years old with live single births in the State of Florida. Main Outcome Measures: Low birth weight, very low birth weight, preterm birth, very preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), neonatal death, post-neonatal death, and infant death. Results: Risks of SGA (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.03-1.10), low birth weight (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.15-1.23), very low birth weight (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.41-1.67), preterm birth (OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.17-1.25), and very preterm birth (OR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.38-1.62) were elevated for mothers in the father-absent group. When results were stratified by race, black teenagers in the father-absent group had the highest risks of adverse birth outcomes when compared to white teenagers in the father-involved group. Conclusions: Lack of paternal involvement is a risk factor for adverse birth outcomes among teenage mothers; risks are most pronounced among African-American teenagers. Our findings suggest that increased paternal involvement can have a positive impact on birth outcomes for teenage mothers, which may be important for decreasing the racial disparities in infant morbidities. More studies assessing the impact of greater paternal involvement on birth outcomes are needed. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-81355163495","10.1086/662668","2011-12-01","The evolution of bacteriocin production in bacterial biofilms","Bacteriocin production is a spiteful behavior of bacteria that is central to the competitive dynamics of many human pathogens. Social evolution predicts that bacteriocin production is favored when bacteriocin-producing cells are mixed at intermediate frequency with their competitors and when competitive neighborhoods are localized. Both predictions are supported by biofilmexperiments. However, the means by which physical and biological processes interact to produce conditions that favor the evolution of bacteriocin production remain to be investigated. Here we fill this gap using analytical and computational approaches. We identify and collapse key parameters into a single number, the critical bacteriocin range, that measures the threshold distance from a focal bacteriocin-producing cell within which its fitness is higher than that of a sensitive cell. We develop an agent-based model to test our predictions and confirmthat bacteriocin production is most favored when relatedness is intermediate and competition is local. We then use invasion analysis to determine evolutionarily stable strategies for bacteriocin production. Finally, we perform long-term evolutionary simulations to analyze how the critical bacteriocin range and genetic lineage segregation affect biodiversity in multistrain biofilms. We find that biodiversity is maintained in highly segregated biofilms for a wide array of critical bacteriocin ranges. However, under conditions of high nutrient penetration leading to well-mixed biofilms, biodiversity rapidly decreases and becomes sensitive to the critical bacteriocin range. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-81955160808","10.1111/j.1471-8847.2011.00303.x","2011-12-01","Sex selection abortion in Kazakhstan: Understanding a cultural justification","The topic of abortion has been extensively researched, and the research has produced a large number of arguments and discussions. Missing in the literature, however, are discussions of practices in some areas of the Developing or Third World. In this paper, we examine the morality of sex selection abortions in Kazakhstan's Kazakh culture, and argue that such abortions can be ethically justified based, in part, on the unique perspectives of Kazakh culture. .",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84875899451","10.2166/wcc.2011.025","2011-12-01","Cross-scale governance and the analysis of policy implementation for water management, with particular regard to climate adaptation, industrial pollution and impacts of agriculture","This paper explores cross-scale governance between the European Union (EU) and Member State level arising from the identification of key policy priorities by stakeholders in six river basins across Europe and their relationship to EU policy development and implementation. Particular emphasis is given to interpretation of Good Ecological Status in implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, climate adaptation for water management, application of agri-environment measures to reduce agricultural impacts on water and control of discharges from industry. The paper also examines lessons from wider sources of information such as legal analysis of transposition of EU law at national level and the rulings of the European Court of Justice. The analysis identifies a number of different types of 'information' transmission between the different governance scales. Information includes a range of governance issues, including transmission of rules. These are exact 'information' transmission (water quality standards), national elaboration of information transmitted (adapting to climate change), national simplification of information transmitted (industrial pollution control), distributed information transmission (in national transposition), fuzzy transmission of information (interpretation of Good Ecological Status) and barriers to transmission (available funding). The paper concludes by considering the importance of cross-scale analysis in assessing policy effectiveness and argues for further analysis drawing on cross-scale research derived from ecosystems analysis. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84857476456","10.5367/oa.2011.0062","2011-12-01","Farmers' perceptions of smallholding co-ownership problems: A case study from Aydin, Turkey","This paper provides an overview of some of the land ownership consolidation programmes that have been attempted in a number of countries, and examines in more detail the present situation in Turkey. Much of the rural land in Turkey is fragmented, and the structural problems created by co-ownership of small properties will probably influence the viability of future farming in the country. This paper identifies the attitudes of co-owner farmers to the disposal of their own share to one of their heirs when that share's value is paid at the current market value of the land. Ninety farmers who owned their landholdings were interviewed. Answers to the survey questions were analysed with a logit model, and the maximum likelihood method was employed to estimate the model. The results indicate that a farmer's level of education and acceptance of the trend towards the disposal of an owned shared parcel to a third person are positively related to the likelihood that the farmer will choose to pass on the shared parcel of land to an heir. This is true provided that the share value the farmer is likely to recover is the current market value of the land.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-83655182416","10.4081/pr.2011.e12","2011-12-21","Factors influencing the future of paediatric private practice in Malta","In Malta, the health system is hybrid, with similarities to both UK system and the US system, where the National Health Service is supplemented by private practice. This is widely performed either as a primary job or as a supplement to a government salary. This article reviews unfavourable secular trends in Maltese fertility, births, marriages, separations, single parenthood and loans incurred after marriage, and relates them to (equally unfavourable in terms of private practice) escalating numbers of paediatricians working in private practice. Overall, future prospects appear bleak for private practice in this branch of medicine, with a dwindling patient pool being shared by an ever-increasing number of paediatricians. The only identifiable factor that may mitigate is the potential for more private health insurance uptake. This must be coupled with a movement to improve the perception of a substantial proportion of the public that facilities are poorer in the private health sector than in the NHS service. Since Malta is a developed, EU country, these results may (cautiously) be extrapolated to other, larger developed countries.  Licensee PAGEPress, Italy.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863169018",,"2012-01-01","Analysis and prediction of carbon sources and sinks in quzhou county of Huang Huaihai Plain, China","Counting of terrestrial sources and sinks of carbon (C) is a crucial step to C emissions reduction. It is more important for developing country or region. This paper analyzed the annual C balance of Quzhou County during 2000-2009 by counting of C sources and C sinks. C sources and C sinks were calculated by means of a coefficient approach based on the data of energy consumption, land use status, economic situation and others during 2000- 2009. Analysis showed that C sources and net C sources were increasing. However, C sources and net C sources per unit GDP decreased during the 2000-2009 years. C sources and C sinks during 2010-2015 were predicted by Gray model, with the predicted results being verified by subsequent residual test. Result showed that GM (1,1) established using prediction was the sufficiently accurate model to achieve a feasible and applicable measure. Through this model, the predicted C sources, C sinks, net C sources, C sources and net C sources per unit GDP in 2015 in Quzhou County will be 1,139.42, 462.76 and 676.66 Gg C-eq, 0.9 and 0.54 Mg C-eq/10 000 RMBs, respectively. The result predicted showed that there would be an increase during the 2000-2009 years and C emissions reduction would face a lot of pressure in the future in Quzhou County. This paper provided some scientific suggestion on C emissions reduction for other similar region in China.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84875765225",,"2012-01-01","[Effect of cigarette smoking on blood lead levels in pregnant women]. Wplyw palenia tytoniu na poziom olowiu we KRWI kobiet ciezarnych.","Tobacco smoking creates health problems which apply not only to individuals and the family but also to different ages and social groups, as well as the national economy. Epidemiologic studies conducted at the Institute of Mother and Child indicated that in Poland 25-30% women smoke during pregnancy. Lead exposure from cigarette smoke may have a negative effect on the transplacental flow of micronutrients and have an adverse influence on the growth and development of the fetus, and then on children. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of smoking cigarettes on plasma and whole blood lead levels in pregnant women. Material and methods: Eighty healthy pregnant women, patients of the Clinical Department of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute of Mother and Child and Warsaw Medical University, were divided into two groups: group I - tobacco smokers and group II- tobacco abstainers according to questionnaire declaration and serum cotinine concentration. Current smokers were defined as those who had smoked 5 cigarettes per day for 2 years before conception and continued smoking during pregnancy. The women exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (smoking spouse or other family members, co-workers) were excluded from the non-smoking group. All pregnant volunteers signed a written, informed consent form, approved by the Institute's Ethical Committee. The concentrations of lead in plasma and whole blood were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on spectrometer analyzer ICP MS Elan 6100 (Perking Elmer, Germany). Levels of cotinine in serum were determined by Cotinine Direct ELISA test (Calbiotech Inc. Canada). Results: In the group of smoking mothers the mean serum cotinine concentration was 69.1 μg/L, whereas in the group of tobacco abstainers it was present only in trace amount. In group I we observed a significant positive correlation between serum cotinine and the number of cigarettes smoked daily (r=0.74; p<0.001), as well as the period of smoking before conception (r=0.60; p<0.001). The concentrations of lead in the plasma of smoking women were significantly higher than in the group of tobacco abstainers in each trimester of pregnancy (I trimester: 0.22 μg/dL vs 0.12 μg/dL p<0.01; II trimester: 0.19 μg/L vs 0.10 μg/L p<0.001; III trimester 0.28 μg/ dL vs 0.13 μg/dL p<0.0001). Tobacco smoking mothers also had a higher concentration of lead in whole blood as compared to pregnant non-smoking women. These differences were statistically significant and amounted to 2.15 μg/dL vs 1.28 μg/L in the first, 1.99 μg/dL vs 1.19 μg/dL in the second and 2.11 μg/dL vs 1.58 μg/dL in the third trimester of pregnancy. We observed that the level of lead was correlated with cotinine in blood, as well as with the number of cigarettes and the length of time women smoked before conception. Such an effect was observed in every trimester of gestation. A strong correlation between the number of cigarettes/day and lead concentration in plasma (r=0.57; p<0.001) and whole blood (r=0.54; p<0.001) was found in the third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: Tobacco smoking during pregnancy increased the concentrations in maternal blood lead. The level of lead in plasma and whole blood correlated with the degree of intensity of cigarette smoking in the pregnant women studied. It may be a result of influencing the mobilization of calcium from the bone with simultaneous release of lead deposited in the bone. Further studies are required to characterize the effect of higher lead level in the blood of mothers on the risk of premature labor, low birth weight of newborns and their inferior development.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84908284080",,"2012-01-01","Low Mercury levels in Lake Kinneret Fish","Human exposure to the neurotoxin, methylmercury (MeHg), occurs primarily through the consumption of contaminated fish that are present even in pristine freshwater ecosystems. Lake Kinneret is the sole freshwater lake in Israel and supports an important commercial fishery. We examined total mercury (THg; often equivalent to MeHg in fish muscle tissue) for nine fish species in Lake Kinneret. Concentrations were low for all fish species, 6-409 ng/g, and below 500 ng/g MeHg, the level generally considered safe for human consumption. Of particular relevance are the very low levels of THg (<60 ng/g) in Galilee St. Peter’s fish (Sarotherodon galilaeus) and lavnun (Acanthobrama terrascantae), the most commercially important species in Lake Kinneret. Biomagnification was apparent among trophic guilds, with THg concentrations increasing from primary to secondary to tertiary consumers. This study suggests that consumption of commercial species, especially primary consumers, will result in low MeHg exposure to humans.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85029108250",,"2012-01-01","An experiential pedagogy for sustainability ethics","While sustainability is increasingly recognized as an important ethical principle, teaching ethical reasoning skills appropriate for sustainability is problematic. While the classic approach in professional ethics education makes intensive use of behavioral codes and retrospective case studies, these approaches are limited in their ability to prepare students for the unfamiliar and forward-looking problems of sustainability. Moreover, the classic read-discuss-write pedagogical strategies typical of the humanities emphasize abstraction and reflection at the expense of two modes of learning more familiar to many professionals (e.g., engineers and physical scientists): experimentation and experience. This paper describes the results of a novel experiential approach to ethics education that employs non-cooperative game theory to position students in situations that model unfamiliar ethical tensions characteristic of sustainability problems, such as the Tragedy of the Commons. In this approach, students can only advance their own grade at the ultimate expense of other students. Whereas the Nash Equilibrium in our games predicts systemic collapse of student grades, the actual grade outcomes aligned with egalitarian ideals, despite evidence of conflict in on-line student communications. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,
"2-s2.0-84879264937","10.1007/978-90-481-8927-4_3","2012-01-01","A review of microsimulation and hybrid agent-based approaches","In this chapter we introduce an approach to individual based modelling of social and economic systems. Microsimulation models (MSM) appear similar to ABM through the representation of individual decision-making units, but there is a significant variation of emphasis between the two approaches. MSM are typically stochastic or rule-based, and with a strong applied policy focus. These characteristics are explored and elaborated through a number of examples. While MSM are often very rich in their representation of ‘structures’, ABM are usually better tuned to the analysis of ‘behaviours’. We therefore argue that there is a strong logic to considering the MSM and ABM approaches as complementary and to begin a search for hybrids which might combine the best features of both approaches.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84855291229","10.1007/s12665-011-1089-6","2012-01-01","Engineering geological data in support of municipal land use planning-a case study in Analândia, southeast Brazil","This paper presents a method for transforming the information of an engineering geological map into useful information for non-specialists involved in land-use planning. The method consists of classifying the engineering geological units in terms of land use capability and identifying the legal and the geologic restrictions that apply in the study area. Both informations are then superimposed over the land use and a conflict areas map is created. The analysis of these data leads to the identification of existing and forthcoming land use conflicts and enables the proposal of planning measures on a regional and local scale. The map for the regional planning was compiled at a 1:50,000 scale and encompasses the whole municipal land area where uses are mainly rural. The map for the local planning was compiled at a 1:10,000 scale and encompasses the urban area. Most of the classification and operations on maps used spatial analyst tools available in the Geographical Information System. The regional studies showed that the greater part of Analândia's territory presents appropriate land uses. The local-scale studies indicate that the majority of the densely occupied urban areas are in suitable land. Although the situation is in general positive, municipal policies should address the identified and expected land use conflicts, so that it can be further improved. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-83555173412","10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.09.004","2012-01-01","Restoration approaches used for degraded peatlands in Ruoergai (Zoige), Tibetan Plateau, China, for sustainable land management","Sedge dominated peatlands do not rehabilitate well after being drained for rangelands and specific approaches are required in order to restore these sites. Restoration by blocking drainage canals aims to recover peatland functions, principally by raising the water table. Field surveys in Ruoergai, China identified the status of peatland degradation and satellite image analysis concluded that most of Ruoergai's peatlands are degraded mainly due to drainage and overgrazing. The restoration approach used in Ruoergai resulted in increased water levels up to 26. cm higher than previously recorded in canals. Levels in shallow water canals also increased up to 50. cm, which led to an overflow of water and rewetting of the adjacent peatlands. This resulted in one peat-mining site being filled with water and aquatic vegetation. Pioneering vegetation including Heleocharis Horsetail (Equisetum heleocharis) and Halerpestes (Halerpestes tricuspis) colonized in the restored sites. It was concluded that blocking canals could be an effective method to restore hydrological function of drained peatlands and contribute to vegetation recovery. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84867058542","10.1016/j.mineng.2012.07.011","2012-01-01","Climate change policy to foster pollution prevention and sustainable industrial practices - A case study of the global nickel industry","The global metals industry is faced with multifaceted challenges as it is required to deal with declining ore grades, meet more stringent environmental regulations and be more energy efficient, all while remaining cost competitive. Using a case study of the nickel industry, the objectives of this research are to explore how climate change policies would influence the current industry operation and to evaluate their potential to achieve pollution prevention co-benefits. A multi-criteria decision analysis model was used to simulate industrial decision making and policy scenarios. The results suggest that prices in the range of US $30-80 per tonne of carbon dioxide will likely promote efficiency improvements and energy recovery. However, they are not sufficient to drive innovations in processing methods or upstream pollution prevention. The co-benefits of climate change mitigation and pollution prevention cannot be readily realized under climate change policy alone. Increased coordination in policy making is necessary. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,1,,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84923422616","10.1017/CBO9781139523905.035","2012-01-01","Disaster policy and climate change: How much more of the same?","Over recent decades, research and policy have steadily moved from viewing natural disasters as just that - ‘natural’, imposed on humans by outside forces - to understanding disasters as phenomena more often caused by the vulnerability of societies, settlements, and assets that are constructed or shaped by human decisions. Disasters are increasingly understood as something we have a strong degree of control over, through active policy choices or a failure to make choices. There has also been increasing understanding of the nature of disasters and of human vulnerability to them through strengthened research efforts and through better documentation of events and experiences: vulnerability to disasters, and thus disaster risk, grows with the size and spread of human settlements, and the value and exposure of built and other assets. More recently the prospect of climate change, and specifically an increased frequency and intensity of severe climatic events, has accelerated reconsideration of disasters and how society should or could deal with them. This chapter examines ways in which disasters have been understood and responded to over time, from a policy and institutional perspective. The central question raised in the chapter is the degree to which current policy approaches and institutional capacities are sufficient for the future. Is a further incremental evolution of policy, such as has occurred over recent decades, enough? How much will the future be more of the same? The chapter extracts major themes from the disaster literature (e.g., Handmer and Dovers, 2013) and brings these into a closer consideration of the interplay between ‘traditional’ disaster thinking and a future where climate change is proposed to have a significant impact on disasters (e.g., IPCC, 2012).",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85007800715","10.1080/10042857.2012.10685079","2012-01-01","Impact of climate change on urban agglomerations in china’s coastal region","Climate change and urbanization issues are the two key factors that make humans liable to be affected by disasters, which are overlapped in urban agglomeration. The five big urban agglomerations of China with strong economic power are the important engines for national economic and social development. However, being in the sea-land mutual interaction belts with a vast hazard-bearing body, they are affected by sea-land compound disasters, and are liable to suffer heavy disaster losses with climate change. It is suggested that government departments concerned should fully recognize the impact of climate change on coastal urban agglomerations, propose strategies as soon as possible, and integrate the impact of climate change and adaptation countermeasures into the various kinds of social-economic development plans for coastal urban regions. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84858824784","10.1108/03074801211218570","2012-01-01","What's new in libraries?: Access to library materials: A global fundamental service","Purpose: The purpose of this column is to discuss the importance of recognition for libraries and librarians as the providers of a fundamental service in society. Design/methodology/approach: The article comprises a literature review and commentary on this topic that has been addressed by writers and researchers. Findings: It is imperative that there is recognition that the library fulfills the need that a community is not considered whole unless a library is in place. Originality/value: The value in addressing this issue is to recognize the importance of the library as an institution serving one of the fundamental needs of a society. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84855596076","10.1155/2012/817187","2012-01-01","Ethylbenzene removal by carbon nanotubes from aqueous solution","The removal of ethylbenzene (E) from aqueous solution by multiwalled, single-walled, and hybrid carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, SWCNTs, and HCNTs) was evaluated for a nanomaterial dose of 1g/L, concentration of 10-100mg/L, and pH 7. The equilibrium amount removed by SWCNTs (E: 9.98mg/g) was higher than by MWCNTs and HCNTs. Ethylbenzene has a higher adsorption tendency on CNTs, so that more than 98% of it adsorbed in first 14min, which is related to the low water solubility and the high molecular weight. The SWCNTs performed better for ethylbenzene sorption than the HCNTs and MWCNTs. Isotherms study indicates that the BET isotherm expression provides the best fit for ethylbenzene sorption by SWCNTs. Carbon nanotubes, specially SWCNTs, are efficient and rapid adsorbents for ethylbenzene which possess good potential applications to maintain high-quality water. Therefore, it could be used for cleaning up environmental pollution to prevent ethylbenzene borne diseases. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874443776","10.1331/JAPhA.2012.11132","2012-01-01","PictureRx: Illustrated medication instructions for patients with limited health literacy","Objectives: To describe the role of illustrated medication instructions in pharmacy practice, the evidence for their use, and our experience with their implementation. Practice description: PictureRx is applicable to all pharmacy practice settings. Practice innovation: PictureRx enables pharmacists to rapidly produce evidence-based, illustrated medication instructions that are well understood by patients of all health literacy levels. Results: PictureRx has been studied in a number of settings. The tool was successfully deployed at a busy outpatient pharmacy and in a medical clinic for the underserved and was pilot tested among elderly community-dwelling Medicare recipients. In each of these settings, PictureRx was received favorably by patients, pharmacists, and other health care providers. It improved patients' satisfaction with the pharmacy and knowledge about their medications. Ongoing research is assessing whether PictureRx enhances medication management among Latinos. Conclusion: PictureRx helps pharmacists address challenges related to low health literacy and can be implemented in a broad range of practice environments. Ongoing research will delineate the extent to which PictureRx reduces health disparities.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84904016879","10.17159/2413-3051/2012/v23i4a3174","2012-01-01","Estimating greenhouse gas emissions associated with achieving universal access to electricity for all households in South Africa","Climate change, energy security and achieving universal electricity access for all households are all pressing issues that South Africa must address. These objectives need not be trade-offs, however, and achieving electricity access for the poor does not justify the building of large coal-fired power stations or threaten South Africa's climate change objectives. This paper estimates the electricity demand from the residential sector to 2020 resulting from universal access, and finds that electricity for low-income households would constitute only a small addition to total electricity demand and would represent only a minor portion of output from the coal-fired power station, Medupi. Furthermore, emissions from the additional electricity consumed by newly connected households would have a negligible impact on South Africa's emissions profile.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84872197059","10.22146/gamaijb.5476","2012-01-01","The impact of public capital investments on the revenue growth of medium enterprise in indonesia","Public capital investment represents the role of state and local governments in supporting greater capacity of private enterprises to gain success in a market economy measured by revenue growth. Medium enterprises are considered as the catalysts for economic growth and competitiveness particularly in developing countries due to efficiency and flexibility in an adverse economic environment. Using aggregate data of 30 states (provinces) in Indonesia from 1997-2002, the impact of public capital investment on the revenue growth of medium enterprise is examined. The paper finds that only medium enterprises in the industrial and trading sector benefited from public capital investments and the most optimum capital investment is in transport infrastructure.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84872091943","10.3832/ifor0639-005","2012-01-01","Effects of cultural treatments, seedling type and morphological characteristics on survival and growth of wild cherry seedlings in turkey","Wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) is receiving increasing attention from foresters in Europe and Turkey for its fast growth, highly-valued wood and benefits for wildlife and biodiversity. Little documentation may be found concerning the selection of appropriate cultural treatments and the quality and types of seedlings used for wild cherry plantations. This study reports the effects of various combinations of intensive cultural treatments (including weed control, soil tillage, and fertilization) and seedling types on early growth, survival, and nutrition of one-year-old wild cherry seedlings out-planted on four different sites in the western Black Sea Region of Turkey. After two years, early seedling survival and growth were clearly enhanced for potted seedlings. For bare-root seedlings, initial seedling root-collar diameter and height successfully correlated with survival two years after planting. Seedlings with a root-collar diameter of 6-8 mm and height of 60-70 cm demonstrated the best survival rates in the field. The wild cherry seedlings were shown to be highly sensitive to herbaceous weed competition early in their establishment, warranting effective weed control. When used in addition to weed control, neither intensive fertilization nor soil tillage treatments significantly increased seedling survival and growth two years after planting. Therefore, intensive site preparation, as well as fertilization, are not recommended at this stage for planting sites without severe nutrient deficiencies. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863261915","10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.2111","2012-01-01","Design of housing security model based on family lifecycle","In order to understand the demand characteristics of housing security and improve the implementation effect of security policies, the subdivided family lifecycle of low-income family housing need was analyzed by fuzzy clustering with some Harbin samples, and the characteristics of various stages of housing security need, which was meet by four modes, such as high subsidy +cheap-rent housing, rent subsidy, home ownership subsidy+ affordable housing, low rent subsidy + public rental housing. The study has positive theoretical significance and practical value on the housing security policy. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84909071303","10.4324/9780203963135","2012-01-01","Teaching literacy: Using texts to enhance learning","The book is aimed at primary teachers and student teachers with an interest in extending their pupils' experiences of texts across the curriculum; and at secondary teachers (especially English teachers) who wish to include in their subject teaching more explicit attention to their pupils' literacy skills.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85066669887","10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.003.0038","2012-01-06","Redesigning Energy Systems","Energy use is the largest source of global greenhouse gas emissions. This article focuses on developed countries and the industrialized component of developing economies, as their energy systems are responsible for the vast majority of emissions. This article states that although most of the hardware parts of the technologies needed for a zero emission energy system are available, not all of them are commercially available as yet. Disseminating these technologies in the absence of appropriate 'orgware' and in the face of existing practices and vested interests is still a formidable challenge. This article summarizes the maturities of various low-carbon technologies for stationary energy and transportation and puts the viable technologies together into scenarios, while refuting the fallacy that a modern energy supply system cannot be based entirely upon renewable energy. It also summarizes the strategies and policies needed to facilitate the essential redesign of the energy system.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863285511",,"2012-02-01","Effectiveness of wastewater treatment using an anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic-membrane bioreactor","A pilot-scale anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic-membrane bioreactor was utilized to treat wastewater from the primary sedimentation tank in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Beijing. After about 200 days of experimental study, it shows good removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and total organic carbon (TOC), which reaches stably 92%, 98%, and 85%, respectively at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12.5 h. Contribution of COD removal by biodegradation and microfiltration is 89% and 11%, respectively. The removal efficiency of NH 4 +-N, and total nitrogen (TN) is about 98%, 85%, with on average ρ(TN) of permeate 10 mg/L. The removal efficiency of TP is about 85%, with ρ(TP) of permeate about 0.93 mg/L at the sludge age of 40 days. The proportions of TP removal by denitrifying phosphorus removal, the aerobic phosphorus uptake, and membrane cut-off is 44.6%, 51.8%, 3.6%, respectively. The permeation of extreme low turbidity and almost non-SS can be reclaimed for the urban miscellaneous water consumption. Intermittent suction, scouring aeration, on-line hydraulic backwash, and regular drug-wash as a mean of inhibiting membrane fouling, ensures the sustainable running of the whole system.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84856051965","10.1016/j.lithos.2011.11.010","2012-02-01","The fate of subducted oceanic slabs in the shallow mantle: Insights from boron isotopes and light element composition of metasomatized blueschists from the Mariana forearc","Serpentine muds from South Chamorro Seamount (SCS), drilled during ODP Leg 195 at Site 1200 contain metamafic clasts that experienced blueschist-facies metamorphism (including the critical mineral assemblage pumpellyite - Na-amphibole - epidote). These schists represent fragments from the actual slab-mantle interface at ~. 27. km depth. Their heterogeneous lithology with a metasomatic character indicates significant mobility of major elements in the Mariana forearc, a region of mélange formation as it can also be observed in onland exposures such as the Catalina Schist. As the Mariana forearc blueschists show no late stage alteration they permit the direct study of material transfer during the subduction processes at an active convergent margin.This study presents the first data of detailed B isotope (δ 11B) and light element variations in blueschist-facies minerals from the Mariana arc system. The primary foci are B and Li concentrations and δ 11B values analyzed by SIMS and ToF-SIMS techniques. Minerals such as (Na-rich) amphibole, phengite and chlorite are found to be strongly enriched in Li (up to 70μg/g), Be (up to 8μg/g) and B (up to 35μg/g) and with δ 11B values of -6±4‰. These new data are consistent with isotopically heavy B being released into the Mariana forearc mantle wedge (serpentinization of dry mantle peridotite after interaction with B-rich slab-released high pH fluids) and confirm models of significant B-loss and B isotope fractionation during forearc (shallow) slab dehydration. The elevated Li, Be and B concentrations in minerals that comprise the bulk of the rocks, namely, amphibole, phengite, and chlorite bear a strong potential to further transport Li and B as well as the isotopically light component of B to greater depths in the mantle, where ongoing metamorphism is responsible for further isotope and elemental fractionation and the formation of distinct mantle reservoirs, e.g. volcanic arc and oceanic intra-plate (OIB) magmas. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84855867342","10.1517/14656566.2012.647767","2012-02-01","Management options in multiple sclerosis-associated fatigue","Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of the CNS. Its characteristic early clinical course includes exacerbations and remissions of neurologic disability. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of MS and is associated with a reduced quality of life; it is described as the worst symptom of the disease by 50 60% of patients. Yet, due to limitations of available evidence, current therapeutic approaches for treating fatigue are based mainly on preliminary studies and expert consensus. Areas covered: This review summarizes current knowledge on the physiopathology, diagnosis and therapeutic options for MS-associated fatigue, including both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies. Expert opinion: Large, rigorously designed trials can provide more reliable results on the efficacy of interventions for fatigue, their functional impact on everyday activities and patient quality of life. Future research should also address a better understanding of the physiopathologic mechanisms of fatigue and the development and validation of objective assessment tools to be used together with patient self-ratings. .",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863661528","10.17660/actahortic.2012.927.36","2012-02-28","Comparison of the effect of surface and subsurface drip irrigation on water use, growth and production of a greenhouse tomato crop","Surface drip irrigation is a common practice in greenhouse tomato production to achieve efficiency in the use of water and obtain better crops. However, in recent years some researches have developed to study the advantages of subsurface drip irrigation. The aim of this work was to compare water use, growth and yield of a greenhouse tomato crop, using surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems. The essay was carried out in La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina (34°55' S, 57°57' W). Plants of the Griffy tomato hybrid, of indeterminate growth habit (Enza Zaden®) were transplanted to a parabolic greenhouse on July 25th, 2007. Two irrigation treatments were performed: T) surface drip irrigation and T1) subsurface drip irrigation, placing the drip tape 15 cm under the soil surface. Daily average temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation were recorded into the greenhouse; volumes of water added by irrigation and obtained by drainage were measured in both treatments obtaining Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc); Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by Penmann and Monteith and Thornthwaite methods and crop coefficient (Kc) was calculated by ETc/ETo. During the crop cycle, phonological data were registered as well as stem length and diameter, and yield. The experiment was conducted under a complete randomized block design with three replications, and data were studied by variance analysis. There were no significant differences in phenological response, stem size or yield among irrigation treatments, but plants under subsurface irrigation showed a trend to present higher values in all the considered variables. These plants also showed a better use of water, with a significant increase in ETc and Kc. Subsurface drip irrigation is a proper practice to achieve a good production in greenhouse tomato crops, doing a better use of irrigation water.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84857641946","10.1007/s12140-011-9173-9","2012-03-01","Chinese nation building and foreign policy: Japan and the US as the Significant others in national identity construction","This article examines Chinese nation building in the post-Cold War era from the perspective of foreign policy. It focuses on the role of Japan and the United States as significant Others in Chinese leaders' construction of three major variants of Chinese national identity: as a victim (past), as a developing country (present) and as a great power (future). The article argues that Japan occupies a primary place in the enactment of the past aspect of Chinese identity, while the US plays a major role in its present and, especially, future aspects. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84859198097","10.1080/02508060.2012.662727","2012-03-01","The global commodification of wastewater","With growing scarcity and competition for water, urban wastewater is increasingly marketable because of its water and nutrient values. Commodification has implications for the current residual uses of wastewater (particularly by poor farmers in developing countries), for the risk of disease transmission, and for wastewater-dependent agro-ecosystems. Using examples from Pakistan, India, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mexico, and the United States, this paper contrasts commodification as it occurs in the developed and developing worlds and demonstrates the need for public information and coherent institutional frameworks, including private- and public-sector participation. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84857664052","10.1177/1559827611404872","2012-03-01","Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and smoking cessation","Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major and increasing cause of morbidity and mortality. Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for COPD, and smoking cessation is, in most cases, the most effective way of preventing the onset and progression of COPD. The purpose of the present article was to review the current state of interventions for smokers with COPD. Because 70% of smokers visit a physician annually, primary care providers play a key role in the counseling of all patients at every visit. If smoking cessation is achieved at an early stage of disease, it is associated with a decrease in pulmonary symptoms and improves prognosis and prolonged abstinence. The health benefits of smoking cessation are immediate and substantial, and interventions provided for smokers suggest that multiple modalities are needed. Smoking cessation counseling in combination with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) appears to be the most effective modality followed by smoking cessation in combination with an antidepressant to enhance prolonged abstinence. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84858267955","10.2166/wp.2012.010","2012-03-19","Spiritual understandings of conflict and transformation and their contribution to water dialogue","Water management is conflict management, and has been since time immemorial. And yet models of conflict management of recent times regularly ignore the balance between rationality and spirituality that has prevailed in our thinking for millennia, relying almost entirely on the measurable. While this focus has been helpful, perhaps some part of the answer lies not in the world of rationality at all, but rather in the spiritual, ethical and moral dimensions of water conflict resolution, and that re-acknowledging the balance between the rational and the transcendent offers constructs for understanding and working with process. Acknowledging the balance between the quantifiable and the transcendent allows both for more coherent models of conflict transformation and for direct applications to water negotiations. This paper begins by setting the context of current understanding of water conflict and cooperation, then by documenting the geography of the 'Enlightenment Rift' - the process by which the global West/North has separated the worlds of rationality and spirituality - and the impact of this rift on ideas related to natural resources management. We continue with a discussion of the current clash of world views, and conclude with a section describing how the two world views might gently be interwoven, for example within a fairly universal construct of four worlds of perception, and how this construct might be employed within the framework of more effective water conflict management and transformation. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84923260064","10.1007/978-94-007-4756-2_8","2012-04-01","Perspectives of wastewater reuse in the mediterranean region","The Mediterranean region only accounts for just over 2 % of the world fresh water resources, most of them (70 %) are concentrated within the northern shore countries. All the southern and eastern Mediterranean countries, except Turkey, are currently under water stress, with less than 1,000 m<sup>3</sup>/person/year of annual renewable water resources. In most countries of the Mediterranean, the vital importance of treating and safely reusing wastewater is being more and more recognized. Reused treated wastewater contributes considerably to the water budget in several countries, particularly those suffering from water scarcity. Important projects are being developed, and wastewater reclamation and reuse facilities are established following the local and/or national guidelines (Morocco, Jordan, France, Tunisia, Cyprus, etc.). However, only 75 % of the wastewater generated is treated, and only 21 % of the treated volume is formally reused. Regulations on wastewater reclamation and reuse are essential. They help to protect public health, develop cooperation among countries, increase water availability, prevent coastal pollution and enhance public policy on water resources and nature conservation. Also, they help every prospective user to be aware of existing limitations. Unifying regulations in Mediterranean countries would contribute to economic security and tourist exchanges in the region. Even within the individual countries, there is an ongoing controversy among defenders of strict water quality standards and those willing to put more emphasis on water reuse practices, suggesting less restrictive water quality standards particularly for undrinkable water uses. Expansion of treated wastewater reuse in the region is linked to a number of issues and constraints. The high cost of treatment and management of reclaimed wastewater is one of the major limitations facing the weak economy of most countries. Unclear polices, institutional conflicts and lack of regulatory frameworks constitute other important constraints that hinder implementation and proper operation of wastewater reuse projects. The manpower capacity differs from country to country, but additional training and capacity building are generally needed throughout the region. Using the treated effluent for irrigation purposes adds an economic driving force for investments in wastewater treatment. Another economic advantage of choosing agricultural irrigation as a final disposal solution for the treated effluent is that it permits low quality demands, especially with regard to nutrients removal. This chapter will address the integrated approach for reclamation and reuse of treated wastewater, the criteria and standards that should be applied for wastewater reuse in agriculture, the appropriate treatment technologies to be used for the Mediterranean areas, the viable options for reuse of wastewater, the most prominent constraints (technically, institutionally and financially), and the use of treated wastewater for agriculture within the parameters of socio-economic development in the Mediterranean region, including sustainability issues.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84859751215","10.1080/02772248.2012.667205","2012-04-01","Assessing environmental exposure and health impacts of gold mining in Ghana","Understanding the extent to which people are being exposed to environmental contaminants helps to identify those populations which may be disproportionately exposed to the contaminants of potential public health concern. This study represents the first report of a comparison of heavy metal arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), platinum (Pt), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) concentrations in the blood of residents of mining and non-mining communities in Ghana. Blood sampling, health records, and interviews were used in this study to establish the links between the levels of contaminants and health effects in humans within a mining and non-mining community in Ghana. Results of this study show that mean concentration of As in blood in Tarkwa Nsuaem Municipality/Prestea-Huni Valley District (TNMA/PHVD) (mining communities) and Cape Coast Metropolis (CCMA) (non-mining community) was 18- and 2-fold higher, respectively, than the WHO guideline value of 0.002 mg L -1. The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Mn were elevated up to 20-fold higher in the blood of resident adults and children in TNMA/PHVD than in CCMA. The risk of acute respiratory infections in the exposed populations of TNMA and PHVD were approximately 41- and 12-fold greater than the unexposed group. The risk of diabetes mellitus in the exposed populations of TNMA and PHVD were also approximately 20- and 4-fold higher than the unexposed group. In TNMA and PHVD, 40 blood donors were suffering from hyperkeratosis or pigmentation unlike their CCMA counterparts. Data suggest a potential association between mining activities and the levels of these heavy metals. However, the proportion of anthropogenic contribution to the levels of these metals in the blood remains uncertain. This uncertainty seems to be the umbrella under which both government and mining companies continue to hide, leading to inaction. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84858668881","10.3201/eid1804.111267","2012-04-01","Malaria in highlands of Ecuador since 1900","A recent epidemic of malaria in the highlands of Bolivia and establishment of multiple Anopheles species mosquitoes in the highlands of Ecuador highlights the reemergence of malaria in the Andes Mountains in South America. Because malaria was endemic to many highland valleys at the beginning of the 20th century, this review outlines the 20th century history of malaria in the highlands of Ecuador, and focuses on its incidence (e.g., geographic distribution) and elimination from the northern highland valleys of Pichincha and Imbabura and the role of the Guayaquil to Quito railway in creating highland larval habitat and inadvertently promoting transportation of the vector and parasite. Involvement of control organizations in combating malaria in Ecuador is also outlined in a historical context.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84859921737","10.1109/ICCNC.2012.6167416","2012-04-24","Green-aware routing in GMPLS networks","The increasing amount of traffic in the Internet has been accommodated by the exponential growth of bandwidth provided by the optical networks technologies. However, such a growth has been also accompanied by an increase in the energy consumption and the concomitant green house gases (GHG) emissions. Despite the efforts for improving energy efficiency in silicon technologies and network designs, the large energy consumption still poses challenges for the future development of Internet. In this paper, we propose an extension of the Open Shortest Path First - Traffic Engineering (OSPF-TE) protocol and a green-aware routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithm for minimizing the GHG emissions by routing connection requests through green network elements (NE). The network behavior and the performance of the algorithm are analyzed through simulations under different scenarios, and results show that it is possible to reduce GHGs emissions at the expense of an increase in the path length, and, in some cases, in the blocking probability. The trade-off between emissions and performance is studied. To the authors knowledge, this is the first work that provides a detailed study of a green-aware OSPF protocol. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84861706609","10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.03.014","2012-05-01","Expression of vitellogenin receptor gene in the ovary of wild and captive Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)","The cDNA sequences of vitellogenin receptor proteins (VgR + and VgR -), containing or lacking the O-linked sugar domain, were determined in Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.). VgR - gene expression in the ovary was compared in captive-reared and wild Atlantic bluefin tuna during the reproductive cycle. Gonad samples from adult fish were sampled from 2008 to 2010 from stocks reared in captivity at different commercial fattening operations in the Mediterranean Sea and from wild individuals caught either by traditional tuna traps during their migration towards the spawning grounds in the Mediterranean Sea or by the long-line artisanal fishery. In addition, juvenile male and female Atlantic bluefin tuna were sampled from a farming facility, to obtain baseline information and pre-adulthood amounts of VgR -. The total length of VgR + cDNA was 4006 nucleotides (nt) and that of VgR - was 3946nt. Relative amounts of VgR - were greater in juvenile females and in those adults having only previtellogenic oocytes (119±55 and 146±26 folds more than juvenile males, respectively). Amounts of VgR - were less in individuals with yolked oocytes (ripening stage, May-June) and increased after spawning in July (92±20 and 113±13 folds more than juvenile males in ripening and post-spawning fish, respectively). These data suggest that regulation of VgR - is not under oestrogen control. During the ripening period, greater VgR - gene expression was observed in wild fish than in fish reared in captivity, possibly because of (a) differences in water temperature exposure and/or energy storage, and/or (b) an inadequate diet in reared Atlantic bluefin tuna. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84861145050","10.1093/ndt/gfr453","2012-05-01","Serum free p-cresyl sulfate levels predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in elderly hemodialysis patients-A prospective cohort study","Background. The mortality rate of elderly hemodialysis (HD) patients is high. Serum p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease and mortality in renal patients. The association between such biomarkers and mortality in elderly HD patients has a high clinical value but remains unclear. Methods. This prospective cohort study investigated the association of serum IS and PCS with all-cause and CV mortality in elderly HD patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of all-cause and CV mortality in this prospective cohort. Results. Of 112 patients, 45 deaths (18 CV deaths) were identified after a mean follow-up of 33.2 months. The cumulative and CV survival of patients with lower free PCS was significantly better than high free PCS patients. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, serum free PCS was associated with all-cause and CV mortality after various adjustments, including age, gender and diabetes status (Model 1), albumin (Model 2), Ca 3 P product and intact parathyroid hormone (Model 3), hemoglobin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Model 4) and hierarchically selected covariates (age, diabetes status and albumin, Model 5). Conclusion. Serum free PCS levels may help in predicting risk of all-cause and CV mortality in elderly HD patients beyond traditional and uremia related risk factors. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84860517945","10.1145/2185677.2185742","2012-05-08","Accuracy-aware aquatic diffusion process profiling using robotic sensor networks","Water resources and aquatic ecosystems are facing increasing threats from climate change, improper waste disposal, and oil spill incidents. It is of great interest to deploy mobile sensors to detect and monitor certain diffusion processes (e.g., chemical pollutants) that are harmful to aquatic environments. In this paper, we propose an accuracy-aware diffusion process profiling approach using smart aquatic mobile sensors such as robotic fish. In our approach, the robotic sensors collaboratively profile the characteristics of a diffusion process including source location, discharged substance amount, and its evolution over time. In particular, the robotic sensors reposition themselves to progressively improve the profiling accuracy. We formulate a novel movement scheduling problem that aims to maximize the profiling accuracy subject to limited sensor mobility and energy budget. We develop an efficient greedy algorithm and a more complex near-optimal radial algorithm to solve the problem. We conduct extensive simulations based on real data traces of robotic fish movement and wireless communication. The results show that our approach can accurately profile dynamic diffusion processes under tight energy budgets. Moreover, a preliminary evaluation based on the implementation on TelosB motes validates the feasibility of deploying our movement scheduling algorithms on mote-class robotic sensor platforms. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84861442567","10.2298/HEMIND110711082B","2012-05-29","Potential uses of biomass from fast-growing crop Miscanthus×giganteus Mogućnosti korišćenja biomase poreklom od brzorastuće trske Miscanthus×giganteus","There is an increasing interest in perennial grasses as a renewable source of bioenergy and feedstock for second-generation cellulosic biofuels. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and miscanthus (Miscanthus×giganteus), belonging to the parennial grasses group, are the major lignocellulosic materials being studied today as sources for direct energy production, biofuels, bioremediation and other. They have the ability to grow at low cost on marginal land where they will not compete with the traditional food crops. Miscanthus×giganteus possesses a number of advantages in comparison with the other potential energy crops such as are: high yields, low moisture content at harvest, high water and nitrogen use efficiencies, low need for annual agronomic inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, high cellulose content, non-invasive character, low susceptibility to pests and diseases and broad adaptation to temperate growing environments. The main problems are low rate of survival during the first winter after the creation of plantation and the relatively high establishment costs. Miscanthus×giganteus is grown primarily for heat and electricity generation but can also be used to produce transport fuels. Miscanthus biomass has a very good combustion quality due to its low water concentration as well as its low Cl, K, N, S and ash concentrations compared to other lignocellulose plants. It is expected that miscanthus will provide cheaper and more sustainable source of cellulose for production of bioethanol than annual crops such as corn. Miscanthus has great promise as a renewable energy source, but it can only be realised when the grass production has been optimised for large-scale commercial cultivation. However, further research is still needed to optimise agronomy of miscanthus, to develop the production chain and pre-treatment as well as to optimise energy conversation route to produce heat, electricity, and/or fuels from biomass, if miscanthus is to compete with fossil fuel use and be widely produced.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84861868557","10.1007/s12027-012-0248-x","2012-06-01","Gender equality after Test Achats","The relationship between the principle of gender equality and insurance has always been a difficult one. On the one hand, gender equality is a fundamental principle of European Union Law. At the moment, the solution lies in the unsatisfactory compromise encapsulated in Article 5 of the Goods and Services Directive which entails a principle (Art 5(1)) and an exception (Art 5(2)). On 1 March 2011, the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice in the Test Achats case declared void the exception encapsulated in Article 5(2) of the Goods and Services Directive. This note aims to offer some thoughts on the decision and to contribute to what is likely to become a growing debate in this area. It argues that, although the result of this case is to be welcomed because it reiterates that gender equality is a fundamental right, in practise the way in which the Court has reached its decision has created further ambiguities which de facto might have the effect of watering down the very message that it aims to send. ",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84868583822","10.1080/09649069.2012.718538","2012-06-01","Youth justice reform in the 'big society'","This article examines some of the recent changes to youth justice, focusing in particular on the impact of the government's social justice and public sector reform programme upon those developments. The analysis is conducted within a children's rights framework; one which considers how well the reforms protect the criminal justice rights of the child (as articulated in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child) and whether they promote government accountability to this vulnerable group of children. Given the government's emphasis on the importance of communities and on the renewal of democratic accountability, the article concludes with a discussion of the relationship between the public sector reforms, children's citizenship, and the reciprocity necessary in criminal responsibility. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863007564","10.1890/11-1718.1","2012-06-01","Forest conservation delivers highly variable coral reef conservation outcomes","Coral reefs are threatened by human activities on both the land (e.g., deforestation) and the sea (e.g., overfishing). Most conservation planning for coral reefs focuses on removing threats in the sea, neglecting management actions on the land. A more integrated approach to coral reef conservation, inclusive of land-sea connections, requires an understanding of how and where terrestrial conservation actions influence reefs. We address this by developing a land-sea planning approach to inform fine-scale spatial management decisions and test it in Fiji. Our aim is to determine where the protection of forest can deliver the greatest return on investment for coral reef ecosystems. To assess the benefits of conservation to coral reefs, we estimate their relative condition as influenced by watershedbased pollution and fishing. We calculate the cost-effectiveness of protecting forest and find that investments deliver rapidly diminishing returns for improvements to relative reef condition. For example, protecting 2% of forest in one area is almost 500 times more beneficial than protecting 2% in another area, making prioritization essential. For the scenarios evaluated, relative coral reef condition could be improved by 8-58% if all remnant forest in Fiji were protected rather than deforested. Finally, we determine the priority of each coral reef for implementing a marine protected area when all remnant forest is protected for conservation. The general results will support decisions made by the Fiji Protected Area Committee as they establish a national protected area network that aims to protect 20% of the land and 30% of the inshore waters by 2020. Although challenges remain, we can inform conservation decisions around the globe by tackling the complex issues relevant to integrated land-sea planning. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84861947669",,"2012-06-12","Needs of an ESL context: A case study of iranian graduate students","Although many Iranian students often achieve good qualifications in their home country, many struggle with the academic adjustments to a foreign university. Some graduate students may suffer from coping with listening, reading, writing, speaking, grammar and vocabulary. It emerges particularly when they are planning to undertake research and write in a second or foreign language. This paper aims at answering the following questions: 1) what aspects of English did Iranian post-graduate students think they need most in order to succeed in their field? 2) Did the perceived needs differ between male and female Iranian post-graduate students? 3) What were their most important goals of learning English? Thus fifty five Iranian post graduate students reported their opinions via learner's needs analysis questionnaire. It was concluded that the post graduate students could generally cope with language problems. However, the most problematic area was writing skill and the second most one was grammar. Therefore, this portion of language needs to be highlighted significantly in post graduate studies. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84866129931",,"2012-07-01","The development of a Sustainable-Construction Planning System","Since construction is considered as one of the main sources of environmental pollution in the world, the level of knowledge and awareness of project participants, especially project managers, regarding the construction impacts on the environment are required to be enhanced. The aim of this paper is to develop a prototype of a Sustainable-Construction Planning System (SCPS) in order to mitigate the negative impacts of the construction industry on the environment. To achieve this aim, frequency and severity of known environmental impacts of construction process of residential buildings were investigated through interviews with a safety expert panel in Malaysia. Then, risk level associated with each environmental impact was calculated based on the relevant risk matrix. The SCPS extracts current construction activities from any computer-based schedule (Microsoft Project® in this study) and identifies sustainable strategies, and environmental impacts related to each activity as a report. The SCPS was presented to an expert panel who was asked to assess the reliability and usability of the SCPS. It can be concluded that the SCPS is efficient and helpful in mitigating construction related impacts on the environment. The practical implication of this study is to promote sustainable construction by promoting the project participants' knowledge and awareness of significant environmental impacts related to construction operations. This study could be a platform for developing automated sustainable planning systems that can be used broadly in construction projects. copyright: ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84859529636","10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.01.019","2012-07-01","Assessing environmental impacts of biomass production chains - Application of life cycle assessment (LCA) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)","A commonly agreed methodology for weighting the relative importance of different environmental impacts in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is lacking, although it is becoming a typical phase in LCA. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) provides an avenue to develop weighting tools applicable in LCA. The purpose of this paper is to describe a process of assessing environmental impacts of two alternative raw materials and to present the problems related to it. A panel which includes experts in measuring the environmental impacts of biomass production was requested to identify and weight impact categories to assess environmental impacts of biomass production. The panelists identified new environmental impacts (such as biodiversity) not included to the standard LCA. The highest weights were given by the panelists to climate change, natural land use change and biodiversity. The environmental impacts were analyzed for four case biomass production chains producing biodiesel and pulp in Finland. In case chains, the raw material for biodiesel is Asian palm oil or Finnish rapeseed oil, while the raw material for pulp is South American eucalyptus or Finnish birch. The calculations of the LCA impacts were limited to the impact categories for which inventory data were available. In calculations, different types of normalization procedures were tested to receive information on their effects on the LCA results. According to the results, in some cases normalization have considerable impact on the magnitude of the results. In general, the results imply that biomass imported from developing countries has less environmental impacts compared to the local forest and field biomass produced in Finland. However, due to the several sources of uncertainties included in the results, they are only to be used for illustrative purposes. In the future, applying the MCDA in LCA may deepen the applicability of the analyses, if valid and reliable data is available. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863756738","10.1111/j.1538-4632.2012.00846.x","2012-07-01","Correlating Vegetation, Water Use, and Surface Temperature in a Semiarid City: A Multiscale Analysis of the Impacts of Irrigation by Single-Family Residences","Urban heat islands (UHIs) and the vegetation that mitigates them vary across space and time, but little research has investigated this coupled natural-human system using both spatial and temporal analyses. Focusing on semiarid, water-scarce Tucson, Arizona, we examined whether outdoor water use by residents of single-family homes (a practice that uses close to half of residential water supplies) contributes to urban greenness and the mitigation of UHI effects. Specifically, we investigated how different types of residential development mediate vegetation-water use-temperature interactions. Our data sets include Landsat-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and surface temperatures, parcel-level zoning and assessor data, and residential water use records at the quarter section level (0.63km 2). We analyzed these data at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Spatial analysis results demonstrate that cooling from vegetative evapotranspiration is mediated by development factors as well as by topography and wind patterns. Findings also suggest that outdoor water use aside from irrigation, particularly the use of swimming pools, promotes cooling without elevating the NDVI. Temporal analysis reveal that most residential areas maintained or increased greenness despite declining 1995-2008 water use due most likely to long-term regional climate cycles. Only high-density developments with little undeveloped ground cover and few natural drainage channels exhibit a strong relationship between household water use and NDVI trends. These results suggest that the preservation of natural drainage channels and limitation of impervious surfaces, as well as the siting of development in naturally cooled microclimates, may be sustainable strategies for UHI mitigation in water-scarce regions. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84863864361","10.1371/journal.pone.0040582","2012-07-11","Effects of nautical traffic and noise on foraging patterns of mediterranean Damselfish (Chromis chromis)","Chromis chromis is a key species in the Mediterranean marine coastal ecosystems where, in summer, recreational boating and its associated noise overlap. Anthropogenic noise could induce behavioural modifications in marine organisms, thereby affecting population dynamics. In the case of an important species for the ecosystem like C. chromis, this could rebound on the community structure. Here, we measured nautical traffic during the summer of 2007 in a Southern Mediterranean Marine Protected Area (MPA) and simultaneously the feeding behaviour of C. chromis was video-recorded, within both the no-take A-zone and the B-zone where recreational use is allowed. Feeding frequencies, escape reaction and school density were analysed. C. chromis specimens were also collected from 2007 to 2008 to evaluate their physiological state using the Body Condition Index as a proxy of feeding efficiency. The MPA was more exploited by nautical tourism during holidays than on weekdays, particularly in the middle of the day. Greater traffic volume corresponded with lower feeding frequencies. The escape reaction was longer in duration (>1 min) when boat passed nearby, while moored boats did not induce an escape response. We found no differences in density between schools in the A- and B-zones and worse body conditions among those individuals inhabiting the B-zone in one area only. Overall, our findings revealed a significant modification of the daily foraging habits of C. chromis due to boat noise, which was slightly buffered by no-take zones established within the MPA. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84864505773","10.1073/pnas.0912953109","2012-07-31","Green revolution: Impacts, limits, andthe path ahead","A detailed retrospective of the Green Revolution, its achievement and limits in terms of agricultural productivity improvement, and its broader impact at social, environmental, and economic levels is provided. Lessons learned and the strategic insights are reviewed as the world is preparing a redux version of the Green Revolution with more integrative environmental and social impact combined with agricultural and economic development. Core policy directions for Green Revolution 2.0 that enhance the spread and sustainable adoption of productivity enhancing technologies are specified.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84858753481","10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.08.009","2012-08-01","Application of an integrated biomarker response index (IBR) to assess temporal variation of environmental quality in two Portuguese aquatic systems","Estuaries are extremely productive systems faced with great anthropogenic pressure, namely from contaminants of both metallic and organic nature which may affect the ecological quality of these systems. Moreover, it is known that contaminants fluctuate seasonally and this could influence the health status of organisms. In order to identify the most affected seasons and areas in two Portuguese aquatic systems with strong anthropogenic influences, a method that combines several biomarker responses into a general stress index denominated integrated biomarker response (IBR) was applied using the stress responses in the liver of common goby Pomatoschistus microps collected from two sites within both estuaries (Ria de Aveiro and Tagus). Parameters included in the IBR were the biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylation (EROD), glutathione s-transferase (GST), metallothioneins (MT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and condition indices (RNA:DNA ratio and Fulton's condition factor K. Pollutant concentrations in the sediment (metals and PAHs) were also analyzed. Biomarkers in P. microps in Ria de Aveiro lagoon (sites A and B) showed distinct seasonal variation. In site A, IBR highlighted the spring as the season with highest biomarker responses, and RNA:DNA as the most contributing biomarker, while in site B the most impacted season was the summer, associated to the responses of MT and antioxidant enzymes (CAT and SOD), probably as a result of levels of Hg in the sediments. In both sites within the Tagus estuary (C and D) the IBR showed that biomarker responses were higher in autumn, with CAT, EROD, GST and LPO as the most altered biomarkers. In this season the levels of PAHs, Pb and Cr were the highest. Overall, the IBR index provides an integrated approach for assessing the health status of organisms and to identify temporal patterns of contamination. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84865341214","10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00480.x","2012-08-01","International comparison and suggestions for capacity development in industrializing countries: Policy application of economy-wide material flow accounting","The global consumption of natural resources is soaring, especially in rapidly industrializing economies. This increasing demand is depleting resource stocks and is a major driver of other environmental problems, including climate change and waste. With rising prices and growing concerns about resource access, these trends are increasingly attracting policy makers' attention. Some developed countries have devised indicator systems, based on economy-wide material flow analysis/accounting (EW-MFA), to monitor resource consumption. This article consists of two separate but related parts: (1) a study of how EW-MFA indicators are used in a number of developed countries, including analysis of the commonalities between countries that are actively using these indicators in policy, and (2) a survey of the current capacity for EW-MFA in developing countries, including data availability and policy uptake. This study found that countries in which policy makers show a great interest in EW-MFA indicators are characterized by large resource imports and large net export of manufactured goods. Many rapidly industrializing countries demonstrate similar characteristics. The study of developing countries found that many of the data for EW-MFA exist, but collection is fragmented and access is limited. This article recommends that capacity development of EW-MFA in rapidly industrializing economies should first coordinate a national focal point and then raise awareness among government officials, strengthen institutions collecting EW-MFA data, and train researchers and experts in EW-MFA techniques and effective policy interaction. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,
"2-s2.0-84859804570","10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.005","2012-08-15","Nutritional and sensory characteristics of early potato cultivars under organic and conventional cultivation systems","Potato production in several Mediterranean countries is focused on the early crop type, and is generally associated with intensive applications of farming inputs. Recently, the enhanced interest for environmentally-sustainable production systems has led to a major expansion in the organic farming sector. Due to the lack of data in the literature about the qualitative traits of organic early potato, we studied some nutritional and sensory characteristics of three cultivars (Arinda, Ditta and Nicola) grown either organically or conventionally. Overall, the organic farming allowed to obtain a product with a higher nutritional value due to higher total phenolic and lower nitrate content, and better sensory performance after frying (strong taste and crisp flesh). Moreover, the lower amount of soluble sugars and higher level of dry matter under organic farming is noticeable for the possible use of early potato for frying. Our findings also indicate as the cultivar choice is a key aspect determining the overall quality of the organic tuber. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84872045235",,"2012-09-01","[Modern problems of development of hygienic environmental quality standards (EQS) for soil pollution].","An important step in developing measures for the management, conservation and restoration of soils contaminated with various chemicals, is a timely development of regulatory documents and their revision in the light of modern knowledge. Address issues related to the harmonization of the maximum permissible concentration (MAPC) of some chemical elements, improving the methodology of valuation methodology for the development of hygienic regulation of combinations of chemicals in the soil, as well as the improvement of computational methods study estimated allowable concentrations of chemicals of various classes of compounds and their combinations in the soil should be carried out in accordance with international requirements and trends towards integration with Europe.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84864626191","10.1016/j.crohns.2012.04.009","2012-09-01","Management of inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy","Background and Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease affecting mainly young people in their reproductive years. IBD therefore has a major impact on patients' family planning decisions. Management of IBD in pregnancy requires a challenging balance between optimal disease control and drug safety considerations.This article aims to provide a framework for clinical decision making in IBD based on review of the literature on pregnancy-related topics. Methods: Medline searches with search terms 'IBD', 'Crohn's disease' or 'ulcerative colitis' in combination with keywords for the topics fertility, pregnancy, congenital abnormalities and drugs names of drugs used for treatment of IBD. Results: IBD patients have normal fertility, except for women after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) and men under sulfasalazine treatment. Achieving and maintaining disease remission is a key factor for successful pregnancy outcomes in this population, as active disease at conception carries an increased risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight.Clinicians should discuss the need for drug therapy to maintain remission with their patients in order to ensure therapy compliance. Most IBD drugs are compatible with pregnancy, except for methotrexate and thalidomide. If possible, anti-TNF therapy should be stopped by the end of the second trimester and the choice of delivery route should be discussed with the patient. Conclusions: Disease control prior to conception and throughout pregnancy is the cornerstone of successful pregnancy management in IBD patients. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84911404972","10.1080/19186444.2012.11658336","2012-09-01","Impact of WTO Policies on Developing Countries: Issues and Perspectives"," Can the spirit of Doha, which launched a new round of negotiations and work with an explicit pledge to deliver development-friendly results, be redeemed or not? Finally, it analyses the special differential treatment (SDT) for developing countries.",,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84866681603","10.4103/0378-6323.100522","2012-09-01","Parthenium dermatitis in India: Past, present and future","Parthenium dermatitis is an immuno-inflammatory disease caused by Parthenium hysterophorus and is the commonest cause of plant dermatitis in India. It is caused by airborne dry and friable plant particles including trichomes, and the most important allergens responsible for allergic contact dermatitis are sesquiterpene lactones. The combined type IV and type I hypersensitivity to parthenium has been recently postulated. In sensitized individuals, it can cause a spectrum of clinical patterns, such as classical airborne pattern, chronic actinic dermatitis-like presentation, mixed pattern dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis, widespread dermatitis, and other rare patterns. There is definite trend towards change from airborne pattern to chronic actinic pattern in natural history of parthenium dermatitis. Contact sensitivity to parthenium is everlasting, and hence the disease runs a chronic course with exacerbation during summers. Patch testing with acetone or aqueous plant extract is the simplest way of confirming parthenium contact allergy. Management includes avoiding contact with allergen, managing dermatitis with topical corticosteroids/tacrolimus, and other immunosupressives like azathioprine. In future, we expect parthenium dermatitis to become less prevalent due to rapid urbanization and possible development of new biological methods to eradicate the parthenium. Genetic factors associated with susceptibility to parthenium dermatitis need to be studied.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84923456776","10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195331035.013.0023","2012-09-18","Lectures and the Lyceum Movement","This article is about lectures and the lyceum movement. The lecture form has a long history that antedated the advent of a coherent network of public speaking. In its initial phase, the lyceum movement stressed the importance of mutual instruction and random lectures. Many early lecturers were local residents, commonly clergymen or lawyers, speaking before audiences in their own towns or villages. The article states that although New England remained a stronghold of the lyceum movement, settlers moved into Ohio, the old Western Reserve, where expanding literacy rates supported both the extension of the public lecture and new periodicals such as the Western Messenger, admired by many Transcendentalists. Theodore Parker and Emerson were much in favor of the lecture form. Emerson even noted that the orator is the most American of Americans.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84869756362",,"2012-10-01","BIO-TMP process: What are the best enzymes to use?","One area of great interest for the mechanical pulping industry is the reduction of electrical energy consumption. For this purpose, a plug screw system to enhance enzymatic impregnation of chips was used. Xylanase, cellulase, pectinase and laccase were applied to Norway spruce chips at different charges. To save electrical energy, a charge of 1 to 3 litres of enzymes per ton of o.d. wood was recommended. A bio-pulping with xylanase seemed to be the most promising: 27% of energy savings versus 20% with cellulase, 11% with pectinase and 18% with laccase+new mediator. Moreover, refined pulps contained 70% fewer shives, resulting in additional savings on reject treatment. Fibre length reduction was higher after a xylanase treatment than after cellulase, pectinase or laccase ones. Such an effect had negative impact on mechanical properties of handsheets: tear index was reduced by 20% after a xylanase pre-treatment. For cellulase, pectinase and laccase, the limited decrease in fibre length led to a lower decrease in tear index. Some optimisations of the refining stage could result in reduction of the extra cutting effect measured. The best enzymatic pre-treatment was the laccase+new mediator one. It was a good compromise between energy savings and pulp quality. In addition, it allowed to improve the pulp bleachability certainly due to the decrease of the wood extractives contained into the pulp.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84861420176","10.1016/j.envpol.2012.04.021","2012-10-01","Metal immobilization and soil amendment efficiency at a contaminated sediment landfill site: A field study focusing on plants, springtails, and bacteria","Metal immobilization may contribute to the environmental management strategy of dredged sediment landfill sites contaminated by metals. In a field experiment, amendment effects and efficiency were investigated, focusing on plants, springtails and bacteria colonisation, metal extractability and sediment ecotoxicity. Conversely to hydroxylapatite (HA, 3% DW), the addition of Thomas Basic Slag (TBS, 5% DW) to a 5-yr deposited sediment contaminated with Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb and As resulted in a decrease in the 0.01 M Ca(NO 3) 2-extractable concentrations of Cd and Zn. Shoot Cd and Zn concentration in Calamagrostis epigejos, the dominant plant species, also decreased in the presence of TBS. The addition of TBS and HA reduced sediment ecotoxicity and improved the growth of the total bacterial population. Hydroxylapatite improved plant species richness and diversity and decreased antioxidant enzymes in C. Epigejos and Urtica dïoica. Collembolan communities did not differ in abundance and diversity between the different treatments. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84866705409","10.1109/OCEANS-Yeosu.2012.6263378","2012-10-01","Recent development and management of artificial reefs (ARs) in Malaysia","Artificial reefs (ARs) have been established in Malaysian fisheries waters since 1975 using various materials such as discarded tyres, derelict and confiscated fishing vessel, reinforced concrete, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), fiberglass reinforce concrete (FRC), fiberglass, ceramic, combination of several materials (reef balls) as well as abandon oil platform. They are used as a possible tool for fisheries management in maximizing resource enhancement, resource conservation, habitat rehabilitation and mitigating as well as one of the steps to alleviate the problem of depleting fish resources in the coastal waters. This paper outline the historical and the recent trend on development and management of artificial reefs (ARs) program in Malaysia which was carried out by four main departments ie. the Department of Fisheries Malaysia (DoFM), Fisheries Development Authority Board of Malaysia (FDAM), Marine Park Department (MPD) and the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA). A study to understand the developmental changes in ARs technology especially in the design, construction, installation, material used, where these changes were caused by past management policy on ARs development was done. Data and information that was gathered from past published and unpublished papers/technical reports/annual reports mostly written by officers and researchers were reviewed to support the study. Initial monitoring on the fish catches using the latest design of the artificial reefs on few locations was also done. Study shows that continuous research and development as well as management experiences by Malaysia for more than 35 years has resulted in major modifications in ARs technology especially in the design, construction, installation, pre and post-deployment monitoring, as well as material used. It was found that, the four agencies have different in their policy objectives and guidelines in ARs management concerning the material used, deployment and assessment. It seemed that the concept and purpose of establishing ARs from the beginning was also not clearly defined by these agencies and has cause unsustainable way in managing the ARs. Initial results also indicated that using the latest design of artificial reefs has shown some better potential in the type of fish catches and it can be further developed by managing the ARs in a sustainable manner. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84866906698",,"2012-10-05","Strategies for improving leisure spaces position with an emphasis on urban regeneration: A case study of Ghaytarieh neighborhood, Tehran","Among the main features of urban regeneration is the creation of leisure spaces taking into account the role of culture and utilization of historical and cultural values as resources for creation of such spaces.These spaces in blight regions are considered as inherent goals and in the formof an extensive regeneration projects. This study codifies optimum strategies to improve role of leisure spaces taking theoretical approach for urban regeneration in blight texture of Gheytariyeh in Tehran. To this end, previous literature were reviewed and survey studies were used for data gathering. Results showed that failing to take into account several importance aspects will result in variety of damages. Different entities such as public sector, NGOs and citizen must play a role in decision making and planning for development of leisure facilities. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84867557886","10.1145/2370816.2370820","2012-10-22","Power-aware multi-core simulation for early design stage hardware/software co-optimization","Stringent performance targets and power constraints push designers towards building specialized workload-optimized systems across a broad spectrum of the computing arena, including supercomputing applications as exemplified by the IBM BlueGene and Intel MIC architectures. In this paper, we make the case for hardware/software co-design during early design stages of processors for scientific computing applications. Considering an important scientific kernel, namely stencil computation, we demonstrate that performance and energy-efficiency can be improved by a factor of 1.66× and 1.25×, respectively, by co-optimizing hardware and software. To enable hardware/software co-design in early stages of the design cycle, we propose a novel simulation infrastructure by combining high-abstraction performance simulation using Sniper with power modeling using McPAT and custom DRAM power models. Sniper/McPAT is fast - simulation speed is around 2 MIPS on an 8-core host machine - because it uses analytical modeling to abstract away core performance during multi-core simulation. We demonstrate Sniper/McPAT's accuracy through validation against real hardware; we report average performance and power prediction errors of 22.1% and 8.3%, respectively, for a set of SPEComp benchmarks. Copyright ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84931325904","10.1007/978-94-007-3843-0_5","2012-11-01","Adaptation in finnish climate governance","This chapter presents and discusses the practices of Finnish climate governance with regard to adaptation. Finland takes its responsibility in climate politics seriously, although it is a rather recent idea that Finland could actually be vulnerable to direct impacts of climate change. Since the publication of the ACIA report (2004), a new governmental problematisation has emerged indicating that the people and nature in northern Finland could be particularly sensitive to the impacts of climate change. In its practices, Finnish adaptation governance mostly follows the logic of international climate governance, and it is expected to be even more internationally oriented in the future given the anticipated development of adaptation governance in the EU. It should be pointed out that half of the Finnish population is already covered by some kind of regional or local climate strategy that addresses adaptation to climate change. Adaptation strategies are now being drawn up for Lapland - the northernmost region of Finland - and for its capital, Rovaniemi. In Finnish adaptation governance, the role of the population is to be concerned, aware and willing to accept and participate in governmental action.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84865957464","10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.033","2012-11-01","Fate of pharmaceuticals in rivers: Deriving a benchmark dataset at favorable attenuation conditions","Pharmaceutical residues are commonly detected organic micropollutants in the aquatic environment. Their actual fate in rivers is still incompletely understood as their elimination is highly substance specific and studies often report contradictory results. To elucidate the ceiling of attenuation rates of pharmaceuticals in rivers we carried out a study at a river with favorable conditions for the elimination of organic micropollutants.Experiments were carried out at a small stream in Germany. Composite samples were taken at both ends of a 12.5 km long river stretch located downstream of a sewage treatment plant and analyzed for 10 pharmaceuticals. Moreover, pore water samples were taken and in situ photolysis experiments at several sites within the river stretch were performed to assess the importance of these individual elimination mechanisms.Pharmaceutical concentration in the surface water at the first sampling site ranged from 3.5 ng L-1 for propranolol to 1400 ng L-1 for diclofenac. In comparison to carbamazepine which was used as persistent tracer, all other pharmaceuticals were attenuated along the river stretch. Their elimination was higher in a sunny, dry weather period (period I) compared to a period with elevated discharge after a heavy rainfall (period II). Overall, the measured elimination rates ranged from 25% for sulfamethoxazole (period II) to 70% for propranolol (period I). Photolysis was only a relevant elimination process for diclofenac and potentially also for sotalol; for these compounds phototransformation half-life times of some hours were determined in the unshaded parts of the river. Biotransformation in the sediments was also an important attenuation process since the concentrations of the other pharmaceuticals in the sediments decreased relative to carbamazepine with depth. For the chiral betablocker metoprolol this biotransformation was also confirmed by a decrease in the enantiomer fractionation from 0.49 at site A to 0.43 at site B and to <0.40 in the deeper sediments. .",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84871007438","10.1680/cien.11.00062","2012-11-01","An innovative approach for improving infrastructure resilience","Extreme weather events, such as the UK floods of 2007 and cold snap of 2010-2011, stress the importance of infrastructure systems' resilience for business continuity. The interconnected nature of critical national infrastructure and its component parts places demands on the approach used to deal with its subsequent complexity. Recognition of infrastructure as a complex adaptive system has led to the development of an innovative, systems-based methodology for sustainability assessment in the built environment. The methodology consists of a database of causal interactions which, when combined with a process, allows users to produce causal loop diagrams that identify unanticipated systemic behaviour, communicate risks, share knowledge, and identify systemic intervention points that minimise negative consequences and add value in a project context. The approach is applied to highlight the key characteristics of complex adaptive systems that critical national infrastructure exhibits and show how the technique can be used to increase infrastructure resilience and sustainability.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84867142109","10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.050","2012-11-15","Application of empirical predictive modeling using conventional and alternative fecal indicator bacteria in eastern North Carolina waters","Coastal and estuarine waters are the site of intense anthropogenic influence with concomitant use for recreation and seafood harvesting. Therefore, coastal and estuarine water quality has a direct impact on human health. In eastern North Carolina (NC) there are over 240 recreational and 1025 shellfish harvesting water quality monitoring sites that are regularly assessed. Because of the large number of sites, sampling frequency is often only on a weekly basis. This frequency, along with an 18-24 h incubation time for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) enumeration via culture-based methods, reduces the efficiency of the public notification process. In states like NC where beach monitoring resources are limited but historical data are plentiful, predictive models may offer an improvement for monitoring and notification by providing real-time FIB estimates. In this study, water samples were collected during 12 dry (n = 88) and 13 wet (n = 66) weather events at up to 10 sites. Statistical predictive models for Escherichia coli (EC), enterococci (ENT), and members of the Bacteroidales group were created and subsequently validated. Our results showed that models for EC and ENT (adjusted R2 were 0.61 and 0.64, respectively) incorporated a range of antecedent rainfall, climate, and environmental variables. The most important variables for EC and ENT models were 5-day antecedent rainfall, dissolved oxygen, and salinity. These models successfully predicted FIB levels over a wide range of conditions with a 3% (EC model) and 9% (ENT model) overall error rate for recreational threshold values and a 0% (EC model) overall error rate for shellfish threshold values. Though modeling of members of the Bacteroidales group had less predictive ability (adjusted R2 were 0.56 and 0.53 for fecal Bacteroides spp. and human Bacteroides spp., respectively), the modeling approach and testing provided information on Bacteroidales ecology. This is the first example of a set of successful statistical predictive models appropriate for assessment of both recreational and shellfish harvesting water quality in estuarine waters. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84868502446","10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.09.028","2012-11-30","Biocatalytic oxidation of phenolic compounds by bovine methemoglobin in the presence of H2O2: Quantitative structure-activity relationships","In the present work, 13 p-substituted phenols with different functional groups have been systematically evaluated as metHb substrates by means of HPLC analysis. Non-hyperbolic kinetics were observed and Hill coefficients in the 0.37-1.00 range were obtained. The catalytic constants and the Hill coefficients were found to be quantitatively correlated with two independent variables: the energy level of the highest-occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), which describes the intrinsic redox activity of the substrates and the pKa-values, which are related to substrate ionization. Oxygen evolution in the presence of each phenol derivative was also measured, and good correlation between peroxidase-like and catalase-like activities of the protein was observed. It is also shown that bovine metHb, although less active than other peroxidases, may represent a good alternative from an economical point of view for phenol removal processes. The equations here obtained may serve as a basis to further explore the potential use of metHb-mediated reactions in the treatment of phenols in wastewaters and to predict which phenol will be removed most efficiently under this treatment with satisfactory reliability. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84873969756",,"2012-12-01","Promotion of social entrepreneurship through public services in the madrid region: Succesful aspects","This article analyzes the promotion of social entrepreneurship through the delivery of services in public business incubators in the Madrid region. The research is innovative since the implication of the public sector in boosting social entrepreneurship is quite new in Spain. Methodology starts with a literature revision of the factors conforming social entrepreneurship and focuses on networking. Then, social entrepreneurship presence and its promotion is analyzed both in the practices and services provided by the Madrid Development Agency in its Madrid Emprende incubation program and also through a survey addressed to the 113 firms hosted in its network of business incubators. Results of the survey show that social entrepreneurship is present as the main purpose of their activity in a majority of the firms, in their social products and services, in their social legal form supported by the public network and in some forms of public-private partnership promoted by the Madrid Business Incubators Network. Services provided by the public network show the quality, the added value and the know-how of the practices of the public program and have an impact in the efficient performance of the firms regarding social entrepreneurship and in the public-private alliances established for some social purposes.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,
"2-s2.0-84879394495",,"2012-12-01","Surgical and hormonal avenues in anti-obesity therapy Wohin geht die Anti-Obesitas Therapie?","Gastrointestinal hormones play a major role in the physiological control of eating. Prominent players in this control system are amylin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). Research in recent years clearly indicates that these hormones may also be used for anti-obesity therapy, either directly or indirectly. Direct use of these hormones means that the application of hormones or their peptide analogues shows promising therapeutic results. Amylin-based and GLP-l-based approaches have been studied extensively in recent years and clinical studies are ongoing. These studies also include combination therapies like the combination of amylin analogues with leptin. Due to their chemical nature as peptides, these hormones must be administered parenterally. Clinical studies indicate that the compliance of patients for this route of administration is high. Indirect use of these hormones means that a surgical manipulation of the gastrointestinal tract, e. g. by the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure, modulates the hormonal situation of the entire body and leads to a marked increase in the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones that, per se, produce eating inhibitory effects. Again, GLP-1 and PYY, but perhaps also amylin seem to be the most promising candidates. Increased levels of these hormones following RYGB seem to be responsible for increased satiation and reduced hunger. Further, the preference for high caloric food decreases. RYGB also has a remarkable effect on frequent comorbidities of obesity such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In many cases, RYGB leads to a complete clinical remission of type 2 diabetes. ",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84892014131",,"2012-12-01","Orchardgrass: A valuable perennial pasture grass adapted to different environmental conditions","Orchardgrass is a widespread perennial grass, which is well-adapted to dry conditions and is suitable for silvopastoral systems due to its shade tolerance. The main environmental (temperature, nitrogen, water and shade) and management (regrowth duration) factors that affect morphology, physiology, dry matter (DM) production and nutritive value (crude protein, organic matter digestibility and macro-nutrient concentrations) of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) in temperate climate are reviewed. Regrowth duration is a management factor that can be modified through the frequency and severity of defoliation (e.g. infrequent cutting for hay or silage, rotational or continuous grazing). The emphasis is on open pasture and silvopastoral systems conditions. This is followed by a review of how DM production could be predicted from a canopy photosynthesis model based on the photosynthetic capacity of leaves, the light intercepted by leaf surfaces (dependent upon canopy architecture and leaf area index, (LAI)). The predictive capability physiologically based pasture models makes them powerful tools for pasture management or in assisting agronomists to improve practices in pastoral or silvopastoral systems.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84884300456","10.1007/978-3-642-20338-1_44","2012-12-01","Galathea-3: A global marine gravity profile","Between Aug 14, 2006 and Apr 24, 2007, and enjoying a considerable interest from the Danish authorities, the Danish public and the Danish media, the scientific expedition Galathea-3 circumnavigated the globe. Its domestic purpose was to attract the Danish youth to science. DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark, participated in the expedition with two experiments. From Perth, Western Australia to Copenhagen, Denmark the exact position and movements of the ship were monitored using a combination of GPS, INS and laser measurements. The purpose was to measure the instantaneous sea surface topography. This paper reports on the second experiment in which a continuous marine gravity profile along the ship's route was measured. The focus of the paper is on the practical aspects of such large scale world wide operation and on the challenges of the data processing. Furthermore, the processed free-air gravity values are compared to three global models: EGM96, EGM08 and DNSC08. Even though the along-track resolution of marine data is higher than the resolution in any global gravity model (which influences the direct comparison of the collected marine data to the model) the statistics for the residual free-air gravity anomalies show, that EGM08 and DNSC08 are better models than EGM96 for all Galathea-3 legs. Some areas along the ships route are quite challenging for modellers. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84862198192","10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.05.018","2012-12-01","The response of the young of the year fish to river obstacles: Functional and numerical linkages between dams, weirs, fish habitat guilds and biotic integrity across large spatial scale","River obstacles are recognised as being among the serious ecological concerns, having negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. They have been shown to affect fish community structure, which represents a fundamental component of the biological integrity of riverine ecosystems. However, a general quantitative relationship that links the response of fish community structure to river obstacles across larger spatial scales is lacking. We assessed young of the year (YOY) fish (27,596 specimens and 35 species) from a total of 54 study sites distributed across three international river basins. The YOY fish community structure was expressed as the probability of habitat-related guild dominance. We also examined the indicative value and responsiveness of two large spatial-scale, fish-based indices of biological integrity (IBI), the European Fish Index (EFI) and the Czech multi-metric index (CZI). We analysed two types of obstacles (1118 weirs and 28 dams for a total of 2126 obstacles) for which numerical and distance-related descriptors were derived using a geographic information system (GIS). All the obstacles considered together were found to be the most relevant predictor of YOY fish community structure response. The negative impact on YOY fish (a loss of rheophilic species and low IBIs values) increased with the increasing number of obstacles and the decreasing relative distance between two consecutive obstacles, indicating the habitat quality and availability and the poor connectivity of particular watersheds. This investigation allowed us to identify the functional and numerical responses of the YOY fish community structure to river obstacles across hydrological networks. Our results contribute an important prerequisite to river restoration efforts, identifying where in the hydrological networks either ecological studies or restoration actions would produce the most effective results. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84870906348","10.1080/02772248.2012.744023","2012-12-01","Metal organic frameworks as adsorbents for dye adsorption: Overview, prospects and future challenges","Considering the amount of colored waste water generated from many industries (textile, leather, paper, printing, dyestuff, and plastic) that are sent to various water bodies and the ecosystem, the search for efficient and better methods of purification still continues. With the recent research into metal organic frameworks (MOFs), there is a steady growing interest worldwide for their various applications. This article presents a review of MOFs, their application in dye adsorption and their various challenges and future prospects. It was concluded that with the current interest, research and development for various applications, there are possibilities which will bring to limelight more laboratory, industrial and environmental usage of MOFs as dye adsorbents. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874125508","10.1109/ICIAFS.2012.6419922","2012-12-01","Suspended nanoparticles as a way to improve thermal energy transfer efficiency","Nanoparticle suspensions have demonstrated superior heat transfer properties and hence appear to be a strong contender to become next generation coolants. While the presence of particles enhances thermal conductivity, they also contribute to increase the fluid viscosity. The latter will lead to demand more pumping power in convective systems, hence questioning the overall economy of the concept. This paper presents the recently obtained thermal conductivity and rheology data for alumina (Al2O3) and titania (TiO2) nanoparticles suspended in ethylene glycol in the temperature interval of 20-90°C and particle concentrations of 0-8wt%. Although the thermal conductivity enhanced by up to 14%, a simultaneous increase in viscosity dampens the net advantage of using nanoparticle suspensions as convective heat transfer fluids. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84882393243","10.1115/IPC2012-90224","2012-12-01","Dynamic behaviour of high strength pipeline steel","The occurrence of a longitudinal crack propagating along a gas pipeline is a catastrophic event, which involves both economic losses and environmental damage. Hence, the fracture propagation control is essential to ensure pipeline integrity. The commonly used ductile fracture control strategy for the design of high pressure pipelines is the Battelle Two Curve Method. This approach stipulates that if there is a crack speed at a given pressure that exceeds the gas decompression velocity at the same pressure, propagation will occur. However, for high strength pipeline steels, this method does not yield conservative predictions, as the absorbed impact energy during a Charpy test no longer reflects the actual burst behaviour of the pipe. Enhanced toughness measures, like Crack Tip Opening Angle and instrumented Battelle Drop Weight Tear test are being proposed as alternative options. These emerging toughness tests are complemented by numerical simulations of ductile crack propagation and arrest. Most of these models are based on the computation of void growth, and account for the local softening of the material due to void growth and subsequent coalescence. The constitutive behaviour of the sound pipeline steel is often modelled as merely an elastoplastic law, measured under quasi-static conditions. However, both Charpy tests and Battelle tests are dynamic events, which require knowledge of the strain rate sensitivity of the pipeline material. In addition, very high strain rates can occur in the vicinity of a running crack in a high pressure gas pipeline. Hence, the constitutive model for the pipeline steel has to account for strain rate sensitivity. In this paper, Split Hopkinson Tensile Bar (SHTB) experiments are reported on high strength pipeline steel. Notched tensile tests are performed at high strain rates, to assess the influence of both strain rate sensitivity and triaxiality on the response of the material. In addition, dynamic experiments are conducted at low temperatures (-70°C) to evaluate the ductility of pipeline steel under such severe conditions. The results allow discriminating between the effects of strain rate, triaxiality and temperature, and provide reliable experimental data to accurately model the constitutive behaviour of high strength pipeline steel. Copyright ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84875251155","10.2304/rcie.2012.7.4.514","2012-12-01","Learning in global settings: Developing transitions for meaning-making","Global teaching and learning for sustainable development reaches from the classroom to the world outside, and is therefore a particularly interesting setting for practising transition skills. The article suggests a number of features perceived as crucial in developing young people's capability to act in a changing world and under circumstances that are difficult to predict. The suggestions are based on an empirical study of the Lund Calling project, which aimed at implementing a web-based international programme for teaching preventive environmental strategies in Swedish secondary schools. The article first presents some of the conditions in Sweden that particularly impact on young people's transition to adulthood. Related research in sustainability education is also briefly outlined. Knowledge capability theory is used to discuss results from the empirical study of the Lund Calling project, where interviews were conducted with secondary school students, teachers and headmasters. Based on these interviews, features that appear to be particularly relevant as transition skills in global learning for sustainable development include transdisciplinary action, democratic collaborative action, as well as self-directed and independent initiative. The article concludes that young people today cannot, as in earlier periods of history, base their actions entirely on the traditions of the family or community. Instead, they also need to learn to form their own communities, capable of acting at both local and global levels. Education here plays an important role in developing the necessary transition skills that enable young people to be prepared for a rapidly changing and uncertain world.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84872410456","10.6119/JMST-012-0727-1","2012-12-01","Early-summer ichthyoplankton biodiversity associated with oceanic factors on the continental shelf of the southern east China sea","Ichthyoplankton communities associated with oceanic factors on the continental shelf of the southern East China Sea were studied in early summer 2009. Temperature and salinity of the stations in this survey respectively varied 13.78∼ 27.86°C and 33.14∼34.77 psu. In total, 1204 fish larval individuals belonging to 62 families and 120 taxa were identified. Using a cluster analysis, the spatial distributions of larval fish were classified into 3 groups: a coastal group, a shelf group, and an offshore group. The offshore group was further divided into 2 subgroups: a mixed shelf group and a Kuroshio group. The coastal group consisted of 5 taxa, namely, sciaenids, gobiids, Cynoglossus joyneri, Engraulis japonicas, and Parapercis spp. The shelf group contained the dominant species Decapterus spp., sciaenids, C. joyneri, gobiids, Bregmaceros spp., Auxis spp., Trachinocephalus myops, and Diaphus A group. The mixed shelf group and the Kuroshio group contained the dominant species of Decapterus spp., and Auxis spp., respectively. Diversity also varied with the situation of the assemblages in that high diversity was found in offshore areas and low diversity was found in coastal areas. Sciaenids and gobiids were abundant in coastal waters; while Decapterus spp. and Auxis spp. were respectively abundant in the mixed shelf waters and the Kuroshio waters.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84870887226","10.1007/978-3-642-35603-2_3","2012-12-17","An analysis of factors influencing the user acceptance of OpenCourseWare","OpenCourseWare (OCW) has been rapidly applied to various countries. However, many OCW users do not have enough learning motivations and some even dropped out in the middle. This study intended to investigate the factors that influence the user intention of using OCW and purposed a theoretical framework named the Theory of User Acceptance of OCW. Questionnaire survey was done to analyze the relationships among external variables, intermediate variables, and dependent variables within the theory. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were done to verify the research hypotheses. The results indicated that in terms of using OCW, the knowledge and experience influences the behavioral attitude; the effect of organization and community influences the subjective norm; and channels to elevate computer literacy influences perceived behavioral control. Moreover, the behavioral attitude, the subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control all influence the user intention. These conclusions also provide validations to the purposed theoretical framework. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84871590706","10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.232.812","2012-12-31","Microbial fuel cell for sustainable electricity production from seafood wastewater","To make the treatment of seafood wastewater more economical and sustainable, this study aims to examine electricity generation from seafood wastewater in MFC reactor. By supplying the MFCs with seafood wastewater, the maximum power density of 291.6 mW/m2 and CE of 20.3% could be obtained. The substrate loss was attributed to diffusion of molecular oxygen from the cathode to the anode, which led to substrate conversion through aerobic respiration rather than electricity-producing pathway. This study provides a conceptual demonstration of seafood wastewater for electricity production using MFC technology. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84887131090",,"2013-01-01","Childbirth in Cuba: Analysis of the experience of medically supervised delivery from an anthropological perspective El nacimiento en Cuba: Análisis de la experiencia del parto medicalizado desde una perspectiva antropológica","Knowledge about pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum in Cuba is currently poor. Childbirth has been fundamentally studied as a medical event from its clinical aspects. The analysis of the reproductive process from the Medical Anthropology perspective could contribute to healthcare services providing more humane treatment and to empowerment for women and men as the people primarily responsible for their reproductive processes. This study researched on the experience and the perception of childbirth in three hospitals located in Havana, with the objective of understanding the representations and practices associated to childbirth and of describing female experiences during this event. Qualitative research techniques were used such as interviews and participant observation of 36 women in labor, ten family members and nine obstetricians. The qualitative data was analyzed using Grounded Theory methodology. All the childbirths occurred with a number of medical interventions and the maternity experience was very intense. Male participation was restricted. From the anthropological perspective, the routine use of some medical interventions and the institutional regulations described herein are considered expressions of physical and gender violence.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84897391104",,"2013-01-01","Live what you teach & teach what you live: Student views on the acceptability of teachers' value-related statements about sustainability and climate change Živi tisto, kar poučuješ, in poučuj tisto, kar živiš: Pogledi študentov na sprejemljivost učiteljevih vrednotno orientiranih izjav o trajnosti in podnebnih spremembah","This paper presents the results of a survey among pre-service and inservice students of pre-school education and students of environmental sciences on the acceptability of value-laden statements made by their teachers on issues of sustainable development and climate change. Fifteen statements were provided, and students had to choose among the options »acceptable statement«, »unacceptable statement« and »cannot decide«. The questionnaire was completed by 139 students from two universities in Slovenia. The results show that the students expect their teachers to promote the principles of sustainable development. The majority of students considered any teacher's statement that would cast doubt on the cause or the necessity to act against climate change to be unacceptable. Teacher's statements emphasising global issues that have, or could have, a direct impact on developed countries (e.g. climate change) received higher support than those global questions that more heavily impact underdeveloped or developing countries (e.g. poverty, child labour, access to natural resources). In the conclusion, it is emphasised that teachers should assist students in developing their own moral positions on complex issues such as sustainable development and climate change. Structured discussion techniques, such as a panel discussion, forum and debate, should be regularly and carefully implemented into lectures at the university level.",1,,,1,,,,1,,,,1,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84903643358",,"2013-01-01","ECOS: Environmental relevance of metal processing for the ECO-design of lightweight components","This document, named as Environmental Relevance of Metal Processing for the Eco-Design of Lightweight Components, builds on a process chain analysis of lightweight metal components in the aviation industry and highlights the relevance of metal processing for the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based Eco-Design of lightweight applications. The environmental relevance of metal processing is often low when compared to the environmental impacts of the preceding mining and refining of ores as well as their processing into metal ingots, so that the negligibility of metal processing has become a commonly used axiom of many LCA studies. Even for the production of lightweight components in the aviation industry - where often more than 10 kg of material have to be processed to create 1 kg of finished component - this credo is commonly recited while referring to the good recyclability of metal. This paper analyses whether this credo of the negligibility of metal processing in LCA can really hold true for the production of lightweight components and crystallizes its major environmental hotspots. Building on the results of the environmental impact analysis of metal processing for standard applications the process chains for lightweight metal component production in the aviation industry are examined for potential environmental differences. The major differences identified are integrated into the impact assessment and quantified for environmental hotspot crystallization. The results of this analysis show that metal removal can tremendously increase the environmental impacts of lightweight component production. The major environmental impact triggering parameters are identified as the quantity and quality of the produced and recycled scrap. Depending on these major parameters the environmental impacts of lightweight component production can be found up to more than ten times higher than when neglecting metal processing. Correctly reflecting the quantity and quality metal flows within the processing of metal into lightweight components is essential for LCA based Eco-Design of lightweight components so that the development of respective LCA models commends itself.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84925245822",,"2013-01-01","Innovation in integrating sustainability education into engineering and built environment curriculum: The case for asia-pacific","This paper presents the key findings of the United Nations University-ProsPER.Net Project on Integrating sustainability education into existing engineering and built environment curriculum, reviewing the existing built environment curricula of higher education institutions in the South Asia Pacific region. The project is aimed at integrating sustainability thinking and practice into engineering and built environment curricula through a professional development program for university academics and curriculum developers. The primary output of the project is the development of a guide in built environment disciplines at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. This was undertaken through a collaborative enquiry process. The wider aim of the project is to ultimately ensure that sustainability is firmly embedded in expanding/developing further courses/offerings to students within this rapidly changing environment.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84981360643",,"2013-01-01","Indicators of environmental and productivity performance for building refurbishment projects","Since the end of the 1990s, much has been written on construction key performance indicators but little on indicators for building refurbishment, although indicators for road and sewage refurbishment are in use. The purpose of this paper is to formulate principles for developing building refurbishment productivity and environmental performance indicators. When starting from traditional productivity measures, also including effects on client productivity, and from environmental sustainability measures, it is necessary to ask why firms rely on performance measures and why they collect certain types of data. Literature in the areas of performance measurement, key performance indicators, sustainability and productivity has been reviewed and applied to a refurbishment context. When developing new indicators for refurbishment projects, it is important to consider practical issues such as resources required to collect data, including both leading and lagging measures, waste management, local, negative disruptions and effects on user satisfaction, consequences of coproduction, changes in input and output qualities and client productivity.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84894053773","10.1007/978-1-4471-4426-7_73","2013-01-01","A proposed novel knowledge framework for remanufacturing viability in a modern supply chain","Due to increasing legislative demand and rising material and energy costs, there have been growing interests in maximising the useful phase of a product's lifecycle via sustainable extended-life options such as remanufacturing. Due to the modern disparate nature of the manufacturing supply chain, there are several complex issues to be recognised when embarking on end of life product processing, including data availability and the corresponding knowledge gaps that prevent businesses from effective decision making. This paper presents a novel knowledge-based framework, designed to support a business in assessing the suitability of a product for remanufacture when considering critical product parameters and business key performance indicators (KPIs). The structure of the framework is discussed and an example case study is presented in the context of business knowledge requirements for remanufacturing. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84978296332","10.1007/978-3-642-41263-9_50","2013-01-01","Towards a fast evaluation of environmental impacts","Full LCA is a well-known methodology which can help decisionmakers to select the product or process that results in the least impact to the environment. However performing a Full LCA is resource and time intensive. Therefore different simplified LCA methods are developed in literature. This paper would develop another simplified LCA tool, driven by the extreme ease of use for all the people that don’t know in depth environmental issues or that haven’t time / data to deepen these topics. This tool can be very useful to the designers. They should be evaluate environmental impacts of something doesn’t exist and it can help them to evaluate rapidly the more “green” product.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84870661571","10.1007/s10750-012-1240-8","2013-01-01","Fairy shrimps in distress: A molecular taxonomic review of the diverse fairy shrimp genus Branchinella (Anostraca: Thamnocephalidae) in Australia in the light of ongoing environmental change","Australia, and especially South-Western Australia, is a diversity hotspot for large branchiopod crustaceans. A significant proportion of this diversity is found in the anostracans (Crustacea, Anostraca) and particularly in the diverse genus Branchinella with at least 34 species. Members of this genus are found exclusively in temporary aquatic habitats which are increasingly threatened by secondary salinization and other anthropogenic pressures. The development of adequate conservation strategies is therefore considered a priority. To define conservation units, however, thorough knowledge of the taxonomy and phylogenetic position of extant lineages is essential. We reconstructed a large scale phylogeny of the Australian Branchinella by analyzing the 16S mitochondrial gene of 31 presumed species, complemented with analysis of morphological structures holding taxonomic information. Results revealed the presence of at least three new cryptic species. On the other hand, some Branchinella lineages, surviving in environments subjected to contrasting selection regimes, appeared to be conspecific. This suggests substantial physiological plasticity or important adaptive variation present in some species, potentially enabling them to better cope with environmental change, such as secondary salinization. Overall, these results further illustrate the benefits of combining molecular markers and classic morphological taxonomy and phylogeny to assess biodiversity and define conservation units in cryptic groups. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84875844197","10.1016/j.acalib.2012.11.008","2013-01-01","Publishing in Discipline-Specific Open Access Journals: Opportunities and Outreach for Librarians","Open access (OA) journals promote the opportunity for peer-reviewed journal articles to be freely accessible. In recent years, the number of OA journals has exploded in all disciplines. Previous studies have identified print-based pedagogical discipline-specific journals outside the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) for librarians to consider as vehicles for publishing articles related to subject-based Information Literacy (IL). The present study explores the presence of discipline-specific pedagogical journals listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and presents a table of OA journals with their acceptance rates and review times. Pedagogical OA journals are highlighted as a potential opportunity for librarians to pro-actively reach out to faculty within a discipline and contribute towards the OA movement. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84873706580","10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.06.005","2013-01-01","Child physical and sexual abuse in a community sample of young adults: Results from the Ontario Child Health Study","Objectives: Exposure to child maltreatment is associated with physical, emotional, and social impairment, yet in Canada there is a paucity of community-based information about the extent of this problem and its determinants. We examined the prevalence of child physical and sexual abuse and the associations of child abuse with early contextual, family, and individual factors using a community-based sample in Ontario. Methods: The Ontario Child Health Study is a province-wide health survey of children aged 4 through 16 years. Conducted in 1983, a second wave was undertaken in 1987 and a third in 2000-2001. The third wave (N=1,928) included questions about exposure to physical and sexual abuse in childhood. Results: Males reported significantly more child physical abuse (33.7%), but not severe physical abuse (21.5%), than females (28.2% and 18.3%, respectively). Females reported significantly more child sexual abuse (22.1%) than males (8.3%). Growing up in an urban area, young maternal age at the time of the first child's birth, and living in poverty, predicted child physical abuse (and the severe category), and sexual abuse. Childhood psychiatric disorder was associated with child physical abuse (and the severe category), while parental adversity was associated with child sexual abuse and severe physical abuse. Siblings of those who experienced either physical abuse or sexual abuse in childhood were at increased risk for the same abuse exposure; the risk was highest for physical abuse. Conclusions: These findings highlight important similarities and differences in risk factors for physical and sexual abuse in childhood. Such information is useful in considering approaches to prevention and early detection of child maltreatment. Clinicians who identify physical abuse or sexual abuse in children should be alert to the need to assess whether siblings have experienced similar exposures. This has important implications for assessment of other children in the home at the time of identification with the overall goal of reducing further occurrence of abuse. .",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84880031660","10.1016/j.jcjo.2012.10.003","2013-01-01","Socioeconomic status as a risk factor for late presentation of glaucoma in Canada","Objective: To evaluate the effect of socioeconomic status on late presentation of glaucoma. Design: Prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional study. Participants: Newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma. Methods: Eligible subjects with newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma underwent a comprehensive ocular examination and were classified as mild, moderate, or advanced according to the Canadian Ophthalmological Society glaucoma guidelines. Socioeconomic status was estimated by linking the subjects' postal code to the median household income in the 2006 Canadian population census at the level of dissemination areas. Five equal income groups ranging from the lowest to the highest income quintile were considered and compared regarding the frequency and proportion of moderate or advanced glaucoma. Results: A total of 290 subjects were included in the analysis; 151 (52.1%) had mild, 79 (26.9%) moderate, and 60 (21.0%) advanced disease at initial diagnosis. Patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma were less likely to come from the poorest neighborhood areas (16.21%) when compared with an expected one fifth (20%) of patients presented in each of the 5 social economic groups (P = 0.56). Compared with people from the poorest neighborhood areas, people from the richest neighborhood areas had a marginally lower risk for having moderate or advanced glaucoma at first presentation (prevalence ratio 0.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.43-1.02, P = 0.06). This association was stronger among those ≥65 years old (P = 0.006). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Canada to provide evidence that socioeconomic deprivation is associated with greater severity of glaucoma at presentation, specifically for those ≥ 65 years old. Consideration should be given to targeting poor neighborhood areas for glaucoma education, screening, or both.  Published by Elsevier Inc.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
"2-s2.0-84867814131","10.1016/j.still.2012.07.015","2013-01-01","Winter sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) productivity as influenced by tillage practices and nitrogen management in Vertisols of SAT, India","44 kg ha–1 mm–1 were recorded under CT and UA and were attributed to higher availability and uptake of soil water and nutrients, as a result of higher dry matter production in leaves and stem and its translocation to head at physiological maturity.",,1,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874251090","10.1071/AH11153","2013-01-01","The affordability of prescription medicines in Australia: Are copayments and safety net thresholds too high?","Objective. To create and report survey-based indicators of the affordability of prescription medicines for patients in Australia. Method. A cross-sectional study of 1502 randomly selected participants in the Hunter Region of NSW, were interviewed by telephone. Main outcome measure. The self-reported financial burden of obtaining prescription medicines. Results. Data collection was completed with a response rate of 59.0%. Participants who had received and filled at least one prescription medicine in the previous 3 months, and eligible for analysis (n≤952), were asked to self-report the level of financial burden from obtaining these medicines. Extreme and heavy financial burdens were reported by 2.1% and 6.8% of participants, respectively. A moderate level of burden was experienced by a further 19.5%. Low burden was recorded for participants who said that their prescription medicines presented either a slight burden (29.0%) or were no burden at all (42.6%). Conclusion. A substantial minority of participants who had obtained prescription medicines in the 3 months prior to survey experienced a level of financial burden from the cost of these medicines that was reported as being moderate to extreme. What is known about the topic? The Australian National Medicines Policy aims to, amongst other things, facilitate access to medicines at a cost that is affordable to individuals and the community. Copayments combined with the safety net and brand price premium are the main determinants of the amount that patients pay for PBS listed prescription medicines. Previous surveys have reported on selected aspects of medicine affordability in Australia and have shown some groups in the population experience difficulty with the cost of their medicines. What does this paper add? This paper develops and reports on a set of indicators that can be used to periodically measure the level of self-reported financial burden experienced by Australians when obtaining prescription medicines. The analysis assesses affordability issues for both general patients and patients who are able to access prescription medicines using a concession card. What are the implications? Our research suggests that, as they stand, the copayment and safety net thresholds are not protecting nearly one-third of Australian patients from financial burden. Ongoing monitoring and evaluation is required to ensure the copayment and safety net thresholds do not jeopardise the National Medicines Policy's principle of equitable and affordable access to medicines. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84878356805","10.1080/19443994.2013.770949","2013-01-01","Technical feasibility of using gallery intakes for seawater RO facilities, northern Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia: The King Abdullah Economic City site","The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is dependent on desalination of seawater to provide new water supplies for the future. Desalination is expensive and it is very important to reduce the cost and lower the energy consumption. Most seawater reverse osmosis facilities use open-ocean intakes, which require extensive pretreatment processes to remove particulate and biological materials that cause operating problems such as membrane fouling or shutdown during algal blooms. Subsurface systems, using the concept of riverbank filtration, can be used as intakes. These systems include wells of various designs and galleries that provide natural filtration and biological treatment to improve the quality of feed water before it enters the desalination plant. This reduces operating cost, lowers chemical and energy consumption, and reduces environmental impacts. Technical feasibility of gallery-type intakes, beach and seabed types, for use as intakes to seawater reverse osmosis (RO) facilities was evaluated along the northern Red Sea shoreline of Saudi Arabia. The geological characteristics of the offshore ocean bottom were found to be favorable for the development of seabed gallery systems, but the shoreline geology was not adequate for the development of beach gallery intakes. One of the potentially favorable sites for a seabed gallery system was located in the nearshore area at King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC). Detailed investigation of the site hydrology (tides and wave action), sediment grain size characteristics, and sediment hydraulic conductivity, and access for construction were assessed. It was determined that seabed gallery development is favorable at the site. Based on the seawater that has a salinity of about 41,000 mg/L and a conversion rate of 40%, a conservatively designed gallery cell with dimensions of 100 by 50 m would produce about 25,000 m3/day of filtered seawater and seven cells (6 primary and 1 standby) could support a 60,000 m3/day (permeate) seawater RO plant. © 2013 ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84898794902","10.1109/ICCV.2013.334","2013-01-01","Learning maximum margin temporal warping for action recognition","Temporal misalignment and duration variation in video actions largely influence the performance of action recognition, but it is very difficult to specify effective temporal alignment on action sequences. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel discriminative learning-based temporal alignment method, called maximum margin temporal warping (MMTW), to align two action sequences and measure their matching score. Based on the latent structure SVM formulation, the proposed MMTW method is able to learn a phantom action template to represent an action class for maximum discrimination against other classes. The recognition of this action class is based on the associated learned alignment of the input action. Extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets have demonstrated that this MMTW model is able to significantly promote the accuracy and robustness of action recognition under temporal misalignment and variations. ",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84871104432","10.1111/soc4.12009","2013-01-01","Whither Tobacco Studies?","In recent years, tobacco research has become an increasingly politicized field, with 'legitimate' research on this topic expected to further the goals of tobacco control. This paper presents an overview of the state of field of social science studies on tobacco and critiques the growing polarity evident in scholarship on this topic. Moving beyond mainstream public health perspectives, I outline a body of research that challenges dominant understandings of tobacco use and tobacco control. This research can be classified into three main categories: studies that interrogate conceptions of why people smoke, those that examine the impacts of tobacco control policy on smokers, and studies embracing intellectual and philosophical perspectives (especially phenomenology and social constructionism) that place them outside of a public health frame. I end with a broader discussion of the growing instrumentalization of social science research and the need to resist prescriptions that seek to dictate the appropriate form and content of scholarly work. .",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874547216","10.1177/1477878512468381","2013-01-01","The compatibility of liberalism and mandatory environmental education","Recently scholars have wondered whether liberals can promote mandatory programs of formal environmental education, including education for the environment or sustainable development. Critics maintain that they cannot on grounds that environmental education is a threat to student autonomy or cannot be justified using liberal principles. We argue that the perceived conflict between liberalism and environmental education is exaggerated. Whatever the environmentalist ambitions of environmental education, any complete conception of it must prioritize education for skills and virtues that are consistent with students’ prospective autonomy. Liberalism is also compatible with meeting the demands of intergenerational justice, which arguably will include sustainability education if not other forms of environmental education. Finally, the skills and virtues future citizens need to manage today's most pressing environmental problems are compatible both with those discussed in international statements on environmental education and with those commonly associated with liberal citizenship. Ultimately, environmental education that will better equip citizens to cope with environmental problems is quite possible for liberal politics.  All rights reserved.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84896537531","10.1425/75011","2013-01-01","Entry career patterns in Italy: a longitudinal analysis Traiettorie lavorative e salariali a inizio carriera in Italia: Un'analisi longitudinale","La (dis)continuità del lavoro e la configurazione delle carriere sono oggetti di studio fondamentali per comprendere le caratteristiche della diseguaglianza nel mercato del lavoro. Da una parte, le riforme volte alla deregolamentazione e flessibilizzazione del sistema, forzando (soprattutto per alcune categorie di lavoratori) le transizioni tra occupazioni e contratti, possono innescare processi con conseguenze di breve e lungo periodo dal segno ancora dubbio in termini di strutturazione delle carriere individuali. Dall'altra, l'esposizione a rischi sia economici che sociali connessi alla discontinuità delle carriere stesse può acuire le diseguaglianze e ampliare il divario tra le opportunità a disposizione di chi proviene da contesti socioeconomici e familiari differenti.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84904892006","10.1684/sec.2013.0406","2013-01-01","Role of public-private partnership in the development of semi-arid tropics value chains","Public-private partnerships (PPP) form the basis of potential opportunities for pro-poor agricultural research and development in the developing countries. National governments and donors are increasingly looking to private sector to take over many of the roles that government has withdrawn from, but the public sector still harbors a mixed attitude towards the private sector. ICRISAT strongly believes in the power of partnerships and has broadened the base of partnership over the years. ICRISAT has trail-blazed partnerships with private companies, start-up companies, seed companies, foundations and trusts. The PPP initiatives of ICRISAT include Hybrid Parents Research Consortia, Platform for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, and the Agribusiness and Innovation Platform that includes three programs, namely: Agribusiness Incubation, Innovation and Partnership, and NutriPlus Knowledge. ICRISAT through this innovative institutional model of PPP has been focusing on the development of smallholder farmers by providing them with the latest farm technologies, new seed materials and market and business linkages. Over the years, ICRISAT has evolved mechanisms in collaboration with the private sector that support these farmers directly and indirectly. These PPP initiatives have created a wider impact on society and especially farmers by linking them to markets, thereby enhancing the Inclusive Market Oriented Development (IMOD) strategy of ICRISAT.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,
"2-s2.0-84959455862","10.2175/193864713813673910","2013-01-01","Producing biodiesel from fat, oil and grease (FOG) and other waste material at wastewater treatment plants","Copyright East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) conducted a bench-scale study to investigate sulfur removal methods for biodiesel made from brown grease extracted from fat, oil and grease waste (FOG). Bench testing demonstrated that a combination of silica gel adsorption and hydrogen peroxide oxidation desulfurization processes significantly reduced biodiesel total sulfur by more than 85%, at ambient pressure and close to ambient temperature reaction conditions. The treated biodiesel met the ASTM total sulfur limit of 15 ppm for several trials conducted. Tests were conducted to investigate adsorbent capacity and optimal oxidation reaction conditions in the sulfur removal processes. In addition, feasibility of converting alternate waste material, commonly found in WWTP sewage streams, into biodiesel feedstock is also under investigation.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065777931","10.32609/0042-8736-2013-5-129-143","2013-01-01","Problems of the us economic policy","How to provide for full employment and equitable distribution of incomes and wealth are the keenest issues of the U.S. society. The Democratic and the Republican Parties have elaborated opposing views on economic policy, though both parties are certain that the problems may be resolved through the reform of the federal tax and budget systems. Globalization demands to increase incentives for labor and enterprise activity and for savings to secure proper investment rate. Tax rates for labor and enterprise incomes are to be low, but tax rates for consumption, real estate and land should be progressive.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84881459742","10.4000/res.1067","2013-01-01","Free indirect speech in the continuum of forms of reported speech in Russian towards an enunciative and pragmatic approach to this phenomenon Le discours indirect libre dans le continuum des formes du discours rapporté en russe pour une approche énonciative et pragmatique du phénomène","A new approach to Free Indirect Speech (FIS) is proposed in the article. This phenomenon is treated in the light of the theory of speech acts considering the pragmatic and semiotic criterium in reflecting indirect speech; the examples which are given erroneously as FIS in linguistic literature are also included. The focus is, in particular, on reflecting inner speech in literature: peculiarities of communicative situation, ways of reflecting thoughts and perception of the character. For this, the author of the article introduces the notion of 'speech effect' which is necessary to describe mimetic reflection of thoughts. The author of this article considers the insufficiency of traditional taxonomy with three catagories of indirect speech; the examples reveal that FIS is often a part of intermediate categories of the indirect speech continuum which arrises the problem of marking the limits of these catagories and shows the instability of the markers themselves.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84919510183","10.4324/9780203146057","2013-01-01","Planning for the sustainable consumption of urban resources","In Australia and other developed countries, urban planning has become aligned with a neoliberal economic agenda to maximize urban growth, with clear implications for sustainable consumption. Planning has found itself caught between pressures on local and state governments to promote urban economic competitiveness, while dealing with national and state policies that contribute to economic, ecological and social crises by encouraging rapid population growth. Hence, urban planning has become structurally inclined to waive community participation and regulations that present impediments to the development and consumption of urban resources. in this model, consultation with stakeholders and communities affected by planning decisions may or may not take into account all of the views expressed and is widely used to legitimate decisions that have already been made. Such processes have significant implications for planning for the sustainable consumption of urban resources. Significant levels of uncertainty are involved in pricing waste abatement and other ecological pressures from a growing population. Optimal solutions require policymakers to have broad knowledge of abatement cost functions, which are difficult to achieve without wide consultation. A case study of the 30-Year Plan for Greater Adelaide suggests that neoliberal planning is significantly in tension with meaningful stakeholder consultation, democratic processes and sustainable consumption of land and housing.",,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85087995259","10.4337/9781781953693.00009","2013-01-01","Valuing ecosystem services: Benefits, values, space and time","The concepts of ecosystem services and ʼnatural capital’ have recently been developed to make explicit this connection between human welfare and ecological sustainability for policy, development and conservation initiatives (Daily 1997; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005). Recent efforts have shown that incorporating ecosystem services into land-use decisions typically favours conservation activities or sustainable management over the conversion of intact ecosystems (Balmford et al. 2002; Turner et al. 2003).",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84870712181","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.039","2013-01-05","Survey of attitudes and perceptions of urine-diverting toilets and human waste recycling in Hawaii","Urine constitutes only about 1% of domestic sewage but contains 50% or more of the excreted nutrients and chemicals like hormones and pharmaceutical residues. Urine diverting toilet (UDT) systems can be considered a more sustainable alternative to wastewater management because they allow nutrient recycling, reduce water use, and allow source-separation of hormones and chemicals that can harm the environment. An online survey was conducted to determine whether UDTs are acceptable to the general public in Hawaii and if attitudes and perceptions towards it and human waste (HW) recycling vary with age, sex, level of education, religious affiliation, ethnicity, and employment status. The survey was also intended to detect possible drivers and barriers for the UDTs. Variations on variables were tested at 5% significance (p=0.05) level (Chi-squared test or ANOVA) and considered significantly different if the p-value was less than 0.05. The results were encouraging as more than 60% are willing to pay extra for the UDT, while only 22% knew that such systems existed. No statistically significant difference was found between males and females on all survey questions at the 5% level. However, females had higher willingness to pay (WTP) than males and WTP increased with age and income. The WTP of Caucasians was higher than Asians and differed significantly. Some respondents expressed concern about the legal provisions for recycling of HW. The survey results indicate that with a public education program, it is possible that most people would be willing to adopt UDTs and HW recycling with incurred societal benefits of reduced water and fertilizer use, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and collection of micropollutants at the source to prevent their entry into waterways. Because of the small sample size (N = 132, 13% response rate) the survey is not representative but may be indicative of the general attitude of Hawaiian people. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84873665064","10.5539/ass.v9n2p149","2013-01-28","Studies on the exit mechanism of the economically affordable housing in China","Economically affordable housing, as an important part of indemnificatory housing system, is to highlight its economical efficiency and guarantee and to provide housing for the middle and low-income families. However, the access to economically affordable housing is not perfect in many aspects currently. Besides, the demand for economically affordable housing keeps increasing constantly, which makes the sources of economically affordable housing tight. Recently, Chinese government has advocated enhancing the construction of indemnificatory housing vigorously, but there are many problems in increasing construction such as raising capital. Therefore, we need to find another way out, establish exit mechanism for economically affordable housing and circulate economically affordable housing to relieve the tight situation.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84872463136","10.1007/s11270-012-1417-9","2013-02-01","Toxicity of epoxiconazole to the marine diatom chaetoceros calcitrans: Influence of growth conditions and algal development stage","The triazole fungicide epoxiconazole is extensively used to control fungi on crops and may present some potential risk from runoff on coastal ecosystems located close to agricultural areas. Phytotoxicity assessments were conducted on the marine diatom Chaetoceros calcitrans using both the active ingredient and its formulated product (Opus). The 3-day EC50 using cell count was 2.31 mg/L for epoxiconazole active ingredient and 2.9 μg/L for epoxiconazole-formulated. The fungicide produced an increase of cellular volume, pigment (chlorophylls a, c, and carotenoids) content, ATP synthesis, and rates of photosynthesis and respiration. Progressive algal cell recovery from epoxiconazole effects occurred after 3 days, with the increasing cell density. Differences in cell age, light, and nutrient composition induced changes in epoxiconazole sensitivity. Since these parameters affect cellular division rates, the cellular density is an important parameter in toxicity tests. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84873848250","10.1093/rpd/ncs288","2013-02-01","Addressing patient safety through the use of 'criteria of acceptability' for medical radiation equipment","Patient safety should be considered in the use of ionising radiation equipment in medicine. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) establishes standards of safety and provides for the application of these standards, also in the area of medical use of radiation. Equipment acceptability, as it relates to radiation in medicine, is the need to satisfy the requirements or standards prior to the use of the device in patient imaging or treatment. Through IAEA activities in establishing and developing Safety Standards, Safety Reports and recommendations to regulatory authorities and end-users, it encourages the adoption of acceptability criteria that are relevant to the medical equipment and its use.  All rights reserved.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84873208358","10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.278-280.354","2013-02-06","Operating modal analysis of mobile wastewater treatment plant","To reduce the noise and vibration of mobile wastewater treatment plant, this paper presents testing and analysis of 50 measuring points in the working state of mobile wastewater treatment plant based on TST test analysis system. The structure's natural frequency, damping and modal vibration modes are extracted within the frequency band of 0-1000HZ. By comparing the operating modal and the finite element modal, it is believed that the operating modal can accurately recognize modal parameters of the container. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84875015705",,"2013-03-01","Despite pollution-curbing efforts, dense smog covers wide swath of China","Four bouts of dense smog enveloped more than half of China in January 2013, from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei triangle in the north of the country to Nanjing in the south, via the central city of Wuhan. In Beijing, which bore the worst of it, the US Embassy's monitoring station reported a peak of fine particulates (PM2.5) of 755 μg/cu m, a level that is off the EPA's Air Quality Index. Despite pollution-curbing efforts, pollution episodes occur routinely. Research results issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences 201suggested that surging fine particulate contributions in January were caused ≈ 25% by vehicle emissions, 20% by coal combustion, and the remainder by cooking. Researcher Wang Yuesi has called for a focus on limiting industrial pollution and improving the process of coal burning - enhancing desulfurization, denitration, and dedusting in the combustion process. Dust from construction sites should also be brought under control, and more attention should be given to emissions from diesel-powered cars and to fuel quality. On the renewables front, China has established a goal of increasing its use of nonfossil energy to 15% of primary energy consumption by 2020, and greatly increased wind power over the last several years.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874799965","10.1007/s12560-012-9096-7","2013-03-01","Presence of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in Tap Water in Public Schools from Southern Brazil","Torque teno virus (TTV) was surveyed in tap water collected in schools from three municipalities located in the south of Brazil. TTV genomes were found in 11. 7 % (4/34) of the samples. TTV DNA was detected in 10. 5 % (2/19) of the samples collected at the city of Caxias do Sul and in 25 % (2/8) of the samples from Pelotas. Those cities have a low rate of sewage treatment. All samples from Santa Cruz do Sul, which has nearly 92 % of its sewage treated, were negative. These results suggest that the amount of sewage treated may have an effect on the detection rates of TTV DNA in drinking water in a given urban area, showing a mild negative correlation (r = -0. 76), when comparing the percentage of sewage treatment to the detection of TTV genomes. The detection rate of TTV was also compared with Escherichia coli, showing a strong correlation (r = 0. 97), indicating that TTV may be a suitable marker of fecal contamination. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84877285726","10.1080/07293682.2012.688839","2013-03-01","Sustainable as a basis of affordable? Understanding the affordability 'crisis' in Australian housing","There is much talk of a housing affordability crisis in Australia, accompanied by a sense of a lack of sustainability of the current stock and new buildings. I discuss the notions of housing affordability and sustainability in the current Australian context, to explain why indeed there is an affordability problem and how it is connected to that of sustainability. I then consider how this situation has come about, and what directions could be taken in addressing it. It emerges that the crucial point is the need for a cultural change in terms of expectations and approaches in achieving affordability and sustainability. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84876945251","10.1355/sj28-1c","2013-03-01","Global health cadres: Avian Flu control and practical statecraft in Vietnam","Recent scholarship suggests that in areas featuring entrenched poverty and compromised state infrastructures, disease outbreaks prompt multinational interventions that often supplant state institutions in the provision of health services. Ethnographic observation of a multinational avian influenza project in Vietnam permits exploration of the ways in which global health operates in a Communist state characterized by an active governmental apparatus. Descriptions of the routine activities of one veterinary cadre illustrate the practical actions through which the Vietnamese state exerts influence over global health processes. In the daily work of bird flu management, global health cadres negotiate an inconstant divide between multinational health agendas and established practices of state-making. The analysis thus begins the crucial task of addressing the ways in which global health interventions operate in nations that, while vulnerable to public health emergencies, are nevertheless characterized by growing economies and influential state apparatuses. ",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84872955178","10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.06.017","2013-03-15","Predicting climate-change-caused changes in global temperature on potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) distribution and abundance using phenology modeling and GIS mapping","Originating from the Andean region and co-evolved with its food plant, the potato (. Solanum sp.), the potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) has become an invasive potato pest globally. The hypothesis of our present study was that the future distribution and abundance (damage potential) of this pest will be greatly affected by climate-change-caused changes in temperature. We used a process-based climatic phenology model for P. operculella and applied three risk indices (establishment-, generation, and activity index) in a geographic information system (GIS) environment to map and quantify changes for climate change scenarios of the year 2050 based on downscaled climate-change data of the scenario A1B from the WorldClim database. All applications and simulations were made using the Insect Life Cycle Modeling (ILCYM) software recently developed by The International Potato Center, Lima, Peru. The study concludes that there are three possible main scenarios of changes that may simultaneously occur: (1) the P. operculella damage potential will progressively increase in all regions where the pest already prevails today with an excessive increase in warmer cropping regions of the tropics and subtropics. In regions where P. operculella is established and develops >4 generations per year, economic losses are likely to occur; under the current climate, >4 generations are developed on 30.1% of the total potato production area worldwide, which will increase until the year 2050 to 42.4%, equal to an increase of 2,409,974. ha of potato under new infestation. (2) A range expansion in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere with additionally 8.6% (699,680. ha), 4.2% (32,873. ha), and 2.7% (234,404. ha) of the potato production area under higher risk in Asia, North America, and Europe, with moderate increases of its damage potential. (3) A range expansion in tropical temperate mountainous regions with a moderate increase of its damage potential; e.g., in Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru 44,281. ha, 9569. ha, and 39,646. ha of potato will be under new risk of infestation. The ILCYM software allowed a detailed analysis of possible climate-change-induced changes in temperature on P. operculella distribution and damage potential. Further, this tool offers means of overcoming limitations in predictions and mapping experienced with climate data interpolation and resolution by spatial point-by-point simulations at locations of interest. The methodology is proposed as a very helpful tool for adaptation planning in integrated pest management. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84877016385",,"2013-04-01","Environmental characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments from the Huanghe estuary","The contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, As and Hg in surface sediment from 14 sampling sites in the Huanghe estuary during July-August, 2011 were measured to investigate environmental geochemical characteristics of heavy metals related to multiple factors. The distribution, relationship with fine fraction and TOC, and sediment quality assessment concerning heavy metals were analyzed. The results showed that average concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, As and Hg in the Huanghe estuary were (16.5±2.7), (16.0±3.4), (21.0±3.3), (17.4±3.1), (6.5±1.2), (0.044 4±0.030 7)mg·kg-1, respectively, which were lower than those in other typical areas along the coast of China. The distribution of metals displayed higher profiles in south than that in north of the Huanghe estuary, with a trend of increase seaward, especially for stations in southwest of the Laizhou bay. The insignificant correlation among metals indicated the complex sources of heavy metals in flood season. Pearson correlation was also conducted between metal contents and percentage of fine particulates and TOC, which was also insignificant, suggesting heavy metal concentration and distribution in the study region were also controlled by other factors except grain size and TOC. There was a good correlation between clay fraction and TOC (r=0.724, P<0.05), indicating TOC tends to accumulate in clay. Compared with variety of background values and an internationally used consensus-based sediment quality guidelines (CBSQGs) for saltwater ecosystem, heavy metals in surface sediments from the Huanghe estuary implied a low probability of toxic effect, despite a sharp contamination trend pertaining to Hg and Pb since 1980s.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84874970047","10.1016/j.copbio.2012.08.008","2013-04-01","Lipid metabolism in microalgae distinguishes itself","Microalgae are attracting renewed interest from both the scientific and public communities owing to their potential applications as sustainable feed stocks for the production of biofuels and high value compounds, and environmental remediation. Recent advances in molecular and biochemical analyses of microalgae point toward interesting differences in lipid metabolism between algal species and in comparison to plants. These differences range from distinct acyl groups present in algal lipids, to a possible more direct role of plastids in the assembly of TAGs with consequences for the overall subcellular organization of glycerolipid metabolism. Thus, studying lipid metabolism in microalgae points to new possible avenues of genetic engineering of lipid metabolism in this organism group, and may also inform studies of lipid metabolism in plants. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84875139599","10.1111/ecot.12016","2013-04-01","Cash flow vs. collateral-based credit: Performance of micro, small and medium-sized firms in transition economies","We study factors affecting micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) receiving loans and the effect of these loans on MSMEs performance. We study two types of loans - a new type based on cash flows and a traditional-style loan based on collateral. We use unique surveys of MSMEs from Bulgaria, Georgia, Russia and Ukraine. We find that MSMEs receiving a cash flow or collateral loan in the past are more likely to receive the same type of loan (and larger sized) in the future and that cash flow loans may be the preferred form of credit. Both types of loans are related positively to most performance indicators, enabling the MSMEs for instance to be more profitable and expand production. The cash flow loans also appear to be particularly attractive credit delivery schemes for micro and small enterprises. Finally, the effects of the smallest loans are often negative, suggesting that the minimum loan size is an important policy issue. ",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85015323445","10.1108/17554171311308959","2013-04-05","An investigation of the role of technical analysis in Kuwait"," The current study considers the case for an emerging stock market, which is important in the Gulf and Middle East region. Further, access to technical analysts has been limited in prior research but this was not an issue in the current investigation.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84876054541",,"2013-04-16","On the insufficiency of government medical and health care expenditure of China: A stochastic frontier analysis based on provincial panel data","This study sets up a deterministic model of the optimal government medical and health care expenditure amount and then adopts the provincial panel data of China from 1999-2009 to study the insufficiency problem of government medical and health care expenditure with the help of stochastic frontier analysis (hereinafter referred as SFA) technique. Our result indicates that judging from both provincial level and national average level, although it has been alleviated during these years, there is still a huge gap between actual government expenditure and its optimal amount. We also find that the higher the degree of fiscal decentralization, the closer is the medical and health care expenditure to its optimal level. In addition, urbanization in China aggravates the insufficiency problem. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84894764671",,"2013-05-01","Immobilized activated sludge to achieve shortcut nitrification-denitrification treatment of livestock wastewater","This study investigated the control of several major single factors influencing nitrosification, including hydraulic retention time (HRT), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, temperature, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), on denitification of livestock wastewater under a continuous flow operation mode, in order to achieve stable shortcut nitrification-denitrification by immobilized activated sludge particles. The results show that the removal rates for TN were 81.98%, 87.32%, 83.82%, 85%, and 85.37%, respectively, for a single factor (HRT) of 10 h, dissolved oxygen of 4 mg/L, pH value of 8.5, temperature of 30°C and carbon-nitrogen ratio of 10.While those for COD were 93.79%, 98.35%, 93.93%, 97%, and 97.28%, respectively under the same conditions. The outcome of this study suggests that the removal efficiency of this technology is satisfactory.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84875606922","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.070","2013-05-01","Indoor air quality of a museum in a subtropical climate: The Oscar Niemeyer museum in Curitiba, Brazil","The assessment of damage to indoor cultural heritage, in particular by pollutants, is nowadays a major and growing concern for curators and conservators. Nevertheless, although many museums have been widely investigated in Europe, the effects of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in museums under tropical and subtropical climates and with different economic realities are still unclear. An important portion of the world's cultural heritage is currently in tropical countries where both human and financial resources for preserving museum collections are limited. Hence, our aim is to assess the damage that can be caused to the artwork by pollution in hot and humid environments, where air quality and microclimatic condition differences can cause deterioration. As a case study, particulate matter as well as gases were collected at the Oscar Niemeyer Museum (MON) in Curitiba, Brazil, where large modern and contemporary works of art are displayed.NO2, SO2, O3, Acetic Acid, Formic Acids and BTEX, in the ambient air, were sampled by means of passive diffusive sampling and their concentrations were determined by IC or GC-MS.The particulate matter was collected in bulk form and analyzed with the use of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and aethalometer. The chemical compositions of individual particles were quantitatively elucidated, including low-Z components like C, N and O, as well as higher-Z elements, using automated electron probe microanalysis. The gaseous and particulate matter levels were then compared with the concentrations obtained for the same pollutants in other museums, located in places with different climates, and with some reference values provided by international cultural heritage conservation centers. Results are interpreted separately and as a whole with the specific aim of identifying compounds that could contribute to the chemical reactions taking place on the surfaces of artifacts and which could potentially cause irreversible damage to the artworks. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84878404212","10.1371/journal.ppat.1003376","2013-05-01","A Unique Spumavirus Gag N-terminal Domain with Functional Properties of Orthoretroviral Matrix and Capsid","The Spumaretrovirinae, or foamyviruses (FVs) are complex retroviruses that infect many species of monkey and ape. Although FV infection is apparently benign, trans-species zoonosis is commonplace and has resulted in the isolation of the Prototypic Foamy Virus (PFV) from human sources and the potential for germ-line transmission. Despite little sequence homology, FV and orthoretroviral Gag proteins perform equivalent functions, including genome packaging, virion assembly, trafficking and membrane targeting. In addition, PFV Gag interacts with the FV Envelope (Env) protein to facilitate budding of infectious particles. Presently, there is a paucity of structural information with regards FVs and it is unclear how disparate FV and orthoretroviral Gag molecules share the same function. Therefore, in order to probe the functional overlap of FV and orthoretroviral Gag and learn more about FV egress and replication we have undertaken a structural, biophysical and virological study of PFV-Gag. We present the crystal structure of a dimeric amino terminal domain from PFV, Gag-NtD, both free and in complex with the leader peptide of PFV Env. The structure comprises a head domain together with a coiled coil that forms the dimer interface and despite the shared function it is entirely unrelated to either the capsid or matrix of Gag from other retroviruses. Furthermore, we present structural, biochemical and virological data that reveal the molecular details of the essential Gag-Env interaction and in addition we also examine the specificity of Trim5α restriction of PFV. These data provide the first information with regards to FV structural proteins and suggest a model for convergent evolution of gag genes where structurally unrelated molecules have become functionally equivalent. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84877759884",,"2013-05-20","Maintenance and management of wastewater system components using the condition index system, prediction process and costs estimation Konserwacja i zarzadzanie systemem kanalizacji sciekowej za pomoca systemu wskaznika stanu, procesu przewidywaniai szacowania kosztów","Component maintenance management of public building is complex and dynamic as the execution of the engineering management system is subjected to sensitive staff and users' requirements and high expectation of the top management for supporting the business. This paper presents the practices and survey need for maintaining the facilities systems in the building. The purpose of this study is maintenance time optimization of building component using the USACERL condition index (CI) system. To achieve this objective, cast iron pipe within wastewater plumbing system is surveyed using the financial analysis for implementation of optimal maintenance time based on limited cost. The findings show how a best time approach to plumbing system maintenance can assist the owner for decision making in component maintenance time based on existing cost.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84895321226",,"2013-06-01","The violence against women act: Overview, legislation, and federal funding","In 1994, Congress passed the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA, P.L. 103-322). The act was intended to change attitudes toward domestic violence, foster awareness of domestic violence, improve services and provisions for victims, and revise the manner in which the criminal justice system respondsto domestic violence and sex crimes. The legislation created new programs within the Departments of Justice and Health and Human Services that aimedto reduce domestic violence and improve response to and recovery from domestic violence incidents. VAWA primarily addresses certain types of violent crime through grant programs to state, tribal, and local governments; nonprofit organizations; and universities. VAWA programs target the crimes of intimate partner violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking. In 1995, the Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) was created administratively within the Department of Justice to administer federal grants authorized under VAWA. In 2002, Congress codified the OVW as a separate office within the Department of Justice (DOJ). Since its creation, the OVW has awarded more than $4.7 billion in grants. While the OVW administers the majority of VAWA authorized grants, other federal agencies, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Office of JusticePrograms, also manage VAWA grants. Since 1994, VAWA has been modified and reauthorized several times. In 2000, Congress reauthorized the programs under VAWA, enhanced federal domestic violence and stalking penalties, added protections for abused foreign nationals, and created programs for elderly and disabled women. In 2005, Congress again reauthorized VAWA. In addition to reauthorizing the programs under VAWA, the legislation enhanced penalties for repeat stalking ffenders; added additional protections for battered and trafficked foreignnationals; and created programs for sexual assault victims and American Indian victims of domestic violence and related crimes; and created programsdesigned to improve the public health response to domestic violence.Authorization for appropriations for the programs under VAWA expired in 2011. VAWA programs are currently unauthorized; however, programs have continued to receive appropriations. In the 112th Congress, bills (S. 1925 and H.R. 4970) were passed in each chamber that would have reauthorized most of the programs under VAWA, among other things. H.R. 4970 differed in substantive ways from S. 1925, including with respect to the VAWA-related immigration provisions, the authority it would have given Indian tribes to enforce domestic violence and related crimes against non-Indian individuals, and in the populations it would have included under its definition of underserved population. Neither bill was enacted into law. Selected issues with these bills are discussed in Appendix B. In the 113th Congress, two bills (H.R. 11 and S. 47) have been introducedthat would reauthorize most of the programs under VAWA, among otherthings. On February 12, 2013, the Senate passed S. 47 as amended. The Senateamended S. 47 so the bill would amend and authorize appropriations for theTrafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, enhance measures to combattrafficking in persons, and amend VAWA grant purpose areas to include sextrafficking. Aside from these amendments, S. 47 and H.R. 11 are similar. Adescription of these bills is provided in this report.H.R. 11 and S. 47 contain many of the same provisions that were inreauthorization bills from the 112th Congress. These bills would reauthorizemost VAWA grant programs and authorize appropriations at a lower level.Like S. 1925, these bills propose new provisions for certain populations such as American Indian tribes. Both bills would grant authority to Indian tribes toenforce domestic violence and related crimes against non-Indian individuals.H.R. 11 and S. 47 also differ from reauthorization bills from the 112thCongress. The 113th bills include new provisions to address the rape kitbacklog by amending the DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000(P.L. 106-546). As mentioned, S. 47 now includes provisions that wouldaddress trafficking in persons. Additionally, some items that had beenincluded in reauthorization bills from the 112th Congress are not included inH.R. 11 and S. 47, such as the proposal (in S. 1925 only) to temporarilyincrease the cap on the number of U visas available for abused foreignnationals (from 10,000 to 15,000). These issues and others are discussed inthis report.  All rights reserved.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84879426868","10.1016/j.ecoser.2012.11.003","2013-06-01","Maps have an air of authority: Potential benefits and challenges of ecosystem service maps at different levels of decision making","Maps of ecosystem services are repeatedly mentioned in the EU biodiversity strategy to 2020 as being necessary to achieve the goals of this strategy. On regional and landscape levels too, maps are more and more often suggested to be essential for proper management of ecosystems and their services. This paper presents results drawn from interviews on a regional level and from a focus group discussion on national and EU levels. Both dealt with the question of how exactly spatially explicit information can be used in decision-making concerning biodiversity and ecosystem services. Amongst others the use of maps as a means of fulfilling reporting duties of the Members States to the European Commission; also mentioned was the use of maps as a communication tool; and to improve the targeting of policy measures. However, a number of challenges in relation to the credibility, salience and legitimacy of maps also came up during interviews and discussion. The challenges identified lead us to the conclusion that while maps can be tremendously helpful, they should be used carefully. From the information gathered we derive a number of recommendations on how to deal with the salience and legitimacy of maps. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84878295505","10.1111/cobi.12062","2013-06-01","Effects of Oil-Palm Plantations on Diversity of Tropical Anurans","Agriculturally altered vegetation, especially oil-palm plantations, is rapidly increasing in Southeast Asia. Low species diversity is associated with this commodity, but data on anuran diversity in oil-palm plantations are lacking. We investigated how anuran biological diversity differs between forest and oil-palm plantation, and whether observed differences in biological diversity of these areas is linked to specific environmental factors. We hypothesized that biological diversity is lower in plantations and that plantations support a larger proportion of disturbance-tolerant species than forest. We compared species richness, abundance, and community composition between plantation and forest areas and between site types within plantation and forest (forest stream vs. plantation stream, forest riparian vs. plantation riparian, forest terrestrial vs. plantation terrestrial). Not all measures of biological diversity differed between oil-palm plantations and secondary forest sites. Anuran community composition, however, differed greatly between forest and plantation, and communities of anurans in plantations contained species that prosper in disturbed areas. Although plantations supported large numbers of breeding anurans, we concluded the community consisted of common species that were of little conservation concern (commonly found species include Fejervarya limnocharis, Microhyla heymonsi, and Hylarana erythrea). We believe that with a number of management interventions, oil-palm plantations can provide habitat for species that dwell in secondary forests. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84879690151","10.1080/09500693.2013.769139","2013-06-04","Developing Energy Literacy in US Middle-Level Students Using the Geospatial Curriculum Approach","This quantitative study examined the effectiveness of a geospatial curriculum approach to promote energy literacy in an urban school district and examined factors that may account for energy content knowledge achievement. An energy literacy measure was administered to 1,044 eighth-grade students (ages 13-15) in an urban school district in Pennsylvania, USA. One group of students received instruction with a geospatial curriculum approach (geospatial technologies (GT)) and another group of students received 'business as usual' (BAU) curriculum instruction. For the GT students, findings revealed statistically significant gains from pretest to posttest (p < 0.001) on knowledge of energy resource acquisition, energy generation, storage and transport, and energy consumption and conservation. The GT students had year-end energy content knowledge scores significantly higher than those who learned with the BAU curriculum (p < 0.001; effect size being large). A multiple regression found that prior energy content knowledge was the only significant predictor to the year-end energy content knowledge achievement for the GT students (p < 0.001). The findings support that the implementation of a geospatial curriculum approach that employs learning activities that focus on the spatial nature of energy resources can improve the energy literacy of urban middle-level education students. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84879098109","10.1109/MCOM.2013.6525606","2013-06-24","The pursuit of citizens' privacy: A privacy-aware smart city is possible","Cities are growing steadily, and the process of urbanization is a common trend in the world. Although cities are getting bigger, they are not necessarily getting better. With the aim to provide citizens with a better place to live, a new concept of a city was born: the smart city. The real meaning of smart city is not strictly defined, but it has gained much attention, and many cities are taking action in order to be considered smart. These smart cities, founded on the use of information and communication technologies, aim at tackling many local problems, from local economy and transportation to quality of life and e-governance. Although technology helps to solve many of these local problems, their ability to gather unprecedented amounts of information could endanger the privacy of citizens. In this article we identify a number of privacy breaches that can appear within the context of smart cities and their services. We leverage some concepts of previously defined privacy models and define the concept of citizens privacy as a model with five dimensions: identity privacy, query privacy, location privacy, footprint privacy and owner privacy. By means of several examples of smart city services, we define each privacy dimension and show how existing privacy enhancing technologies could be used to preserve citizens privacy. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84886009397","10.1007/s10705-013-9587-4","2013-07-01","Soil organic matter in restored rangelands following cessation of rainfed cropping in a mountainous semi-arid landscape","Agricultural abandonment is known to influence plant cover composition and C inputs into the soil with a consequence for changes in soil organic matter (SOM) storage and dynamics in rangeland ecosystems. This study was conducted on a chronosequence of high altitude rangelands (1) cultivated with rainfed wheat (CR0), (2) abandoned for 4 (AR4), 12 (AR12) and 45 (AR45) years and (3) uncultivated (reference) rangelands (UR) with three replicates in Zagros Mountains, Central Iran. We studied the changes in the concentrations and stocks of bulk soil organic carbon (OC), total N, particulate organic C (POC) and N (PON), dissolved organic C (DOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and potentially mineralizable C (Min-C) at 0-0.15 and 0.15-0.3 m soil depths. Results showed that the concentrations and stocks of OC, N, and labile fractions increased with the abandonment of agriculture at both soil sampling depths. After 4-45 years of agricultural abandonment, soil OC and N stocks increased logarithmically by 3.8-46 % and 2.8-32 % in the whole 0-0.3 m, respectively. Although, the stocks of labile fractions decreased slightly 4 years after agricultural abandonment, there were considerable increases (logarithmic) in these fractions after 12-45 years of abandonment (POC, 65-148 %; PON, 68-147 %; DOC, 76-139 %; MBC, 24-62 %). The study shows that rangelands abandoned for 45 years contained lower soil OC and N concentrations and stocks compared to uncultivated rangelands, reflecting 45 years of abandonment would not be sufficient for SOM to attain the level of uncultivated rangelands. The present study provided evidence that the rate of increases in POC and DOC stocks was greater than that of OC and MBC stocks, demonstrating POC and DOC fractions of total SOM pool may be suitable and sensitive indicators for detecting the effects of agricultural abandonment on soil OC changes and storage in these restored semi-arid rangelands. Soil bulk density decreased, while the mean weight diameter (MWD) and aggregate ratio as measures of aggregate stability increased considerably within the abandoned rangelands with increasing time of abandonment. Results from a multivariate analysis suggested that soil variables such as bulk density, OC, TN, DOC, POC, PON, MBC, MWD and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were successful in separating land uses. In brief, the abandonment of agricultural activities in previously cultivated high altitude rangelands can potentially lead to an increase of total and labile SOM and also sequestration of C in these semi-arid rangelands. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84880927072","10.1080/12265934.2013.776293","2013-07-01","Impact of urbanization on user expectations related to public transport accessibility","An analysis of experience and expectations of urban residents towards accessibility to public transport systems from a number of cities at varying levels of urbanization is presented. A framework suitable to investigate differences of walking time to public transport facilities was initially established. It is then demonstrated that there is a relationship between the level of service of accessibility to public transport systems in a given urban area and expectations of its residents. Access to bus stops as well as railway stations has been considered. The paper provides a framework for planners to identify the perceived value of improvements to accessibility by accounting for the difference between the improvement of a physical measure of accessibility and the increased level of expectation of the subject community. The analysis has shown that it is important to keep the walking time for access to public transport systems below a specific value to ensure that the level of service associated with accessibility is within community expectations. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84892504540","10.3989/estgeogr.201323","2013-07-01","The foreign population of Badalona in the context of the economic crisis La población extranjera de Badalona en el contexto de la crisis económica","From 2000 to 2009, Badalona experienced unprecedented growth in foreign immigration. Nevertheless, in 2010, the impact of the economic crisis among immigrants was reflected in changes such as a decrease, unprecedented since 2001, in the number of foreigners recorded in the municipal population registry, a high unemployment rate and a decline in applications for permits to carry out economic activities and family reunions. Other evidence suggests that the impact of the crisis was not that noticeable in 2010, i.e. the number of foreign newborns in Catalonia registered in the Badalona population census; the number of immigrant children in schools; the activities of businesses run by foreign entrepreneurs; the moderate-price rented housing units assigned to immigrant households; the amount of real estate owned by the foreign population; and finally, the presence of temples of worship for this type of population in Badalona. These factors must have restrained the desire of immigrants to return to their countries of origin. In terms of methodology, we have made use of data, most of it unpublished, from both the population census since the year 2000 and various city council offices.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
"2-s2.0-84881180977","10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2079","2013-07-15","Phase i dose-escalation study of VB-111, an antiangiogenic virotherapy, in patients with advanced solid tumors","Purpose: VB-111 is an antiangiogenic agent consisting of a nonreplicating adenovirus vector (Ad-5) with a modified murine pre-proendothelin promoter leading to apoptosis of tumor vasculature by expressing a Fas-chimera transgene in angiogenic endothelial cells. In a phase I dose-escalation study, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and efficacy of a single dose of VB-111 in patients with advanced solid tumors were evaluated. Experimental Design: VB-111 was administered as a single i.v. infusion at escalating doses from 1×1010 (cohort 1) to 1 × 1013 (cohort 7) viral particles (VP) in successive cohorts. Assessments included pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, tumor response, and overall survival. Results: Thirty-three patients were enrolled. VB-111 was safe and well-tolerated; self-limited fever and chills were seen at doses above 3 × 1011 VPs. Transgene expression was not detected in blood but was detected in an aspirate from a subcutaneous metastasis after treatment. One patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma had a partial response. Conclusions: VB-111 was safe and well tolerated in patients with advanced metastatic cancer at a single administration of up to 1 × 1013 VPs. Evidence of transgene expression in tumor tissue and tumor response was observed. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84882992035",,"2013-08-01","Reifenhauser to unwrap new extruder, other innovations at K 2013","Reifenhauser from Troisdorf, Germany, will display new extruder and other innovations at K 2013 to be held in Dusseldorf from October 16-23, 2013. The company has launched a range of innovations to make film and sheet processors more efficient and flexible. These include patented technology that promises to produce flatter films, a concept that could permit cast film to be produced with properties more akin to blown film, and developments in cast-film contact rolls and cooling stacks for sheet. The novel extruder line is called the Evolution series, which will feature an Energizer screw that will avoid useless energy input, reduce energy consumption, and lower melt temperature by around 20°C without compromising melt quality or output.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84879501434","10.1016/j.enpol.2013.04.036","2013-08-01","Comment on China's energy demand and its characteristics in the industrialization and urbanization process by Zhujun Jiang and Boqiang Lin","In a recent article, Jiang and Lin (2012) applied an econometrical equation to project China's energy demand with scenarios and made comparisons in industrialization and urbanization period across countries to drive some stylized facts regarding energy development dynamics. We argue that the equation form and variable selection should be altered, and did tests with the changed equation form to better reflect the theory and economic meaning. Using regression equation based on the past trend to project the future cannot capture the important policy and technology factors and thus problematic generally, especially for the country in transition like China. .",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84879341528","10.1177/0093650211428608","2013-08-01","Stimulating the Quasistatistical Organ: Fear of Social Isolation Motivates the Quest for Knowledge of the Opinion Climate","We test an uninvestigated proposition from spiral of silence theory that fear of social isolation (FSI) prompts people to seek out information about the climate of public opinion. Taking a trait-based individual difference perspective, the authors develop and validate a measure of FSI that is less likely to produce the interpretational problems that plague existing measures. Then, using data from eight countries spread across four continents, the authors examine whether those who fear social isolation to a greater extent are more likely to attend to a particular source of information in the social environment about public opinion-mass media reports of public opinion polls. Study results support spiral of silence theory's prediction-FSI does appear to motivate people to ascertain what the public thinks. However, there may be some cultural boundaries to this process. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84881153931","10.2166/wst.2013.249","2013-08-12","Durability of changes in phosphorus compounds in water of an urban lake after application of two reclamation methods","The study was conducted on Diugie Lake (area 26.8 ha, maximum depth 17.3 m), located in the town of Olsztyn, in north-eastern Poland (the Masurian Lake District). For 20 years starting in the 1950s, Dlugie Lake was used as a receiver of raw domestic and storm sewage in quantities oscillating between 350 and 400 m3 day-1. This led to complete degradation of the lake, known as saprotrophy After some preliminary protective treatments in the catchment, the lake has been renewed by artificial aeration with thermal destratification and the phosphorus inactivation methods. Long-term reclamation of the reservoir has resulted in distinct and durable improvement of water quality. Before the restoration, the average phosphorus concentration in the surface water layer was 0.079 mgP L-1 and in the overbottom water it reached 2.277 mg P L-1. The total phosphorus (TP) level also was very high, i.e. up to 3.5 mg P L-1. After the restoration, these values have declined to 0.001-0.017 mg P L-1 in the case of mineral P, and the current TP concentrations do not exceed 0.350 mg P L-1. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84882296089","10.1186/1471-2458-13-770","2013-08-26","The impact of Fogarty International Center research training programs on public health policy and program development in Kenya and Uganda","Background: The Fogarty International Center (FIC) has supported research capacity development for over twenty years. While the mission of FIC is supporting and facilitating global health research conducted by U.S. and international investigators, building partnerships between health research institutions in the U.S. and abroad, and training the next generation of scientists to address global health needs, research capacity may impact health policies and programs and therefore have positive impacts on public health. We conducted an exploratory analysis of how FIC research training investments affected public health policy and program development in Kenya and Uganda. Methods. We explored the long term impacts of all FIC supported research training programs using case studies, in Kenya and Uganda. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 53 respondents and 29 focus group discussion participants across the two countries. Qualitative methods were supplemented by structured surveys of trainees and document review, including a review of evidence cited in policy documents. Results: In the primary focal areas of FIC grants, notably HIV/AIDS, there were numerous examples of work conducted by former FIC trainees that influenced national and global policies. Facilitators for this influence included the strong technical skills and scientific reputations of the trainees, and professional networks spanning research and policy communities. Barriers included the fact that trainees typically had not received training in research communication, relatively few policy makers had received scientific training, and institutional constraints that undermined alignment of research with policy needs. Conclusions: While FIC has not focused its programs on the goal of policy and program influence, its investments have affected global and national public health policies and practice. These influences have occurred primarily through strengthening research skills of scientists and developing strong in-country networks. Further success of FIC and similar initiatives could be stimulated by investing more in the training of policy-makers, seeking to better align research with policy needs through more grants that are awarded directly to developing country institutions, and grants that better incorporate policy maker perspectives in their design and governance. Addressing structural constraints, for example supporting the development of national research agendas that inform university research, would further support such efforts. .",,,1,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84882693852","10.1007/s10461-012-0226-x","2013-09-01","Risk practices among aboriginal people who inject drugs in New South Wales, Australia","This paper describes patterns of injecting drug use and blood borne virus (BBV)-related risk practices among Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people who inject drugs (PWID). A total of 588 participants, 120 of whom self-identified as Aboriginal completed a questionnaire. Aboriginal participants were more likely to have been in prison (37.6 vs. 16.5 %), to inject daily (72.7 vs. 55.0 %), to share ancillary equipment (64.9 vs. 44.8 %) and less likely to know about BBV transmission (72.0 vs. 87.7 %) and treatment (47.2 vs. 67.6 %). Aboriginal participants used services such as BBV testing and drug treatment at a comparable rate to non-Aboriginal participants. The findings suggest that Aboriginal PWID are at greater risk for acquiring BBV. The prison setting should be used to deliver health promotion information and risk reduction messages. More information is needed on Aboriginal people's access and use of services to ensure beneficial services are received in the most appropriate settings. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84878364044","10.1016/j.microc.2013.04.014","2013-09-01","Occurrence, transportation, monitoring and treatment of emerging micro-pollutants in waste water - A review from global views","This paper collects data from worldwide research groups and aims to critically review and analyse the advances of knowledge development in the area of occurrence, transportation, monitoring and treatment of emerging micro-pollutants from around the globe and to recommend the research needs in this research area. This review discovers that ™A waste water treatment plant is one of pathways for micro-pollutants to transfer into surface waters; ™Sample preparation, matrix effects and validation methods are challenges and more advanced analytical instrumentation and procedures are critical in analysing emerging micro-pollutants; ™Traditional activated sludge and/or bio-filtration processes showed less efficiency to remove emerging micro-pollutants; ™Advanced oxidation processes need to be validated for the efficiency and cost effectiveness; ™ More researches are needed to classify the type and toxicity of by-products resulting from the reactions between advanced oxidation processes and emerging micro-pollutants. The suggested future research needs from this review are challenges but provide us opportunities to effectively monitor and eliminate emerging micro-pollutants in the environment. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84885087321","10.1111/jlme.12066","2013-09-01","Corruption of pharmaceutical markets: Addressing the misalignment of financial incentives and public health","This paper explains how the current architecture of the pharmaceutical markets has created a misalignment of financial incentives and public health that is a central cause of harmful practices. It explores three possible solutions to address that misalignment: taxes, increased financial penalties, and drug pricing based on value. Each proposal could help to partly realign financial incentives and public health. However, because of the limits of each proposal, there is no easy solution to fixing the problem of financial incentives. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84883215071",,"2013-09-04","Effectiveness of EU conditionality in the western balkans: Minority rights and the fight against corruption in croatia and macedonia","EU candidate countries must prove their respect for democracy and the rule of law to be eligible for EU membership. The Commission administers their accession processes following the principle of conditionality. This paper examines how domestic conditions and different aspects of the conditionality principle affect policy outcomes. It reviews the arguments made in the literature on EU conditionality and applies them to the policy areas of minority rights and the fight against corruption in Croatia and Macedonia. Both countries have been subjected to the Commission's conditionality while their democratic achievements differ substantially. Thereby, the two countries offer a fruitful ground to evaluate the lessons drawn from the 2004-07 enlargement. While previous studies have remained quite unclear about the relative importance of domestic and EU-related determinants of effective conditionality, I argue that domestic influences vary strongly across the researched policy areas. In comparison, the political-legal instruments of the Commission show clear impacts on policies in candidate countries. Material incentives offered by the EU are only effective within the early phases of the accession process.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84883675919","10.1071/MF12236","2013-09-16","Conservation of the endangered red-finned blue-eye, Scaturiginichthys vermeilipinnis, and control of alien eastern gambusia, Gambusia holbrooki, in a spring wetland complex","The red-finned blue-eye is the only pseudomugilid fish known from inland Australia and it is found only within an isolated cluster of Great Artesian Basin springs on Edgbaston Reserve in central-western Queensland. Surveys conducted in early 2009 revealed that red-finned blue-eye was present in four individual springs and that invasion of the spring complex by alien eastern gambusia was the most likely factor contributing to local extirpations. A three-year project commenced in the same year, with the twin aims of investigating methods for removing gambusia from springs and relocating small populations of red-finned blue-eye to fish-free springs. Gambusia removal with rotenone has been successful in a trial spring at Edgbaston and aquatic invertebrates have not been adversely affected. From a total of seven relocation events conducted in the same period, red-finned blue-eye populations have persisted in three. The results indicate that gambusia removal and red-finned blue-eye relocation are both suitable methods for red-finned blue-eye conservation, and as the fish is both endangered and declining, these methods and other strategies such as captive breeding should be implemented to prevent species extinction. Journal compilation ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84884506791","10.1108/PROG-05-2012-0021","2013-09-27","The impact of IT infrastructures on Iranian nurses' and students' health information-seeking strategies","Purpose: Health departments of Iran have attempted to encourage nursing staff to incorporate research findings into practice since 2005. Consequently, significant changes have occurred in nursing area including holding computer skills courses, digital library workshops, establishing web sites in hospitals, and developing information technology (IT) training in nursing students' curriculum to increase accessibility to best practice information and opportunity for nurses and students to use research-based information in their clinical decision. So a question has raised, what information resources are used by nursing staff and students in hospitals? The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 412 nurses and students working in hospitals connected to web and digital libraries participated. They are evaluated with a questionnaire. Findings: The results indicated that the students and the nurses preferred experiential knowledge to research-based information in their clinical decisions and they had little tendency to high-level evidence. Results showed that lack of skill in using library was the most important deterrent in using research-based information. Originality/value: It could be concluded that provision of the infrastructures for using research-based information in clinical decisions was not sufficient. In addition to infrastructures, the paper must invest on organizational, system-wide approaches such as organizational culture, information literacy culture, acceptance of innovation, role of clinical librarians and advanced nursing informatics, and social marketing in evidence-based practice to facilitate the use of higher-level evidence in practice. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84884704165","10.1007/s11356-012-1402-2","2013-10-01","Molecular probes for the detection and identification of ichthyotoxic marine microalgae of the genus Pseudochattonella (Dictyochophyceae, Ochrophyta)","Phytoflagellates of the genus Pseudochattonella (Dictyochophyceae, Ochrophyta) form blooms in marine coastal waters in northern Europe, Japan, and New Zealand that at times cause fish kills with severe losses for the aquaculture industry. The aim of this study was to develop molecular probes for the detection and identification of Pseudochattonella at the genus and species level. A variety of probes were developed and applied to either dot blot hybridization, (q)PCR, or microarray format. In the dot blot hybridization assay, five different oligonucleotide probes targeting the small subunit (SSU) rDNA were tested against DNA from 18 microalgal strains and shown to be specific to the genus Pseudochattonella. A genus-specific PCR assay was developed by identifying an appropriate primer pair in the SSU-internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) rDNA region. Its specificity was tested by screening against both target and non-target strains, and the assay was used to confirm the presence or absence of Pseudochattonella species in environmental samples. In order to distinguish between the two species of the genus, two PCR primer pairs each biased towards one of the species were designed in the large subunit (LSU) rDNA D1 domain and used for quantitative real-time PCR. Five selected probes (three SSU and two LSU rDNA) were adapted for the use on microarrays and included on a prototype multi-species microarray for the detection of harmful algae (http://www.midtal.com). Finally, microarrays and qPCR were used for the monthly monitoring of a sampling site in outer Oslofjorden during a 1-year period. Members of Pseudochattonella are difficult to identify by light microscopy in Lugol's preserved samples, and the two species Pseudochattonella verruculosa and Pseudochattonella farcimen can be morphologically distinguished only by transmission electron microscopy. The molecular probes designed in this study will be a valuable asset to microscopical detection methods in the monitoring of harmful algae and for biogeographical and ecological studies of this genus. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84884272931","10.1080/00207594.2012.719628","2013-10-01","The effect of a multicomponent literacy instruction model on literacy growth for kindergartners and first-grade students in Chile","In the present study we examined the impact of a comprehensive literacy instruction model called Collaborative Language and Literacy Instruction Project (CLLIP) on language and literacy achievement over the course of a year by Spanish-speaking children in Chile. Participants included kindergartners (N = 312) from high and low socioeconomic backgrounds and first-grade students (N = 305) from high SES families. The CLLIP model targeted phonological awareness, alphabetics and phonics, fluency, vocabulary, reading comprehension and writing, and included coaching and sustained follow-up as key elements for teacher professional development. The results showed promise for the CLLIP model in the Chilean context. Kindergartners in CLLIP classrooms had faster growth rates in letter naming, word reading, vocabulary, and phonemic segmentation fluency than those in control classrooms, and had higher scores at the end of the year in phonemic segmentation fluency, letter naming, and word reading. In addition, kindergartners from high SES families had faster growth rates than kindergartners from low SES families in letter naming and word reading. Effect sizes ranged from small (d =.18 in word reading) to fairly large (d =.70 in letter-naming fluency). First-grade students in CLLIP classrooms had faster growth rates than students in control classrooms in vocabulary, nonword reading fluency, word reading, and reading comprehension. Effect sizes were small in vocabulary, nonword reading fluency, and reading comprehension (.23 ≤ d ≤.28) and medium in word reading (d =.50). These results suggest that the present multicomponent literacy instructional model had a positive impact on Chilean children's literacy acquisition. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84885440438","10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-001","2013-10-01","Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum essential oil prevented biofilm formation and showed antibacterial activity against planktonic and sessile bacterial cells","Essential oils from six different populations of Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum were compared for their antibiofilm properties. The six essential oils (A to F) were characterized by a combination of gas chromatography with flame ionization detector and gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detector analyses. All oils showed weak activity against the planktonic form of a group of Staphylococcus aureus strains and against a Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 reference strain. The ability to inhibit biofilm formation was investigated at sub-MIC levels of 200, 100, and 50 μg/ml by staining sessile cells with safranin. Sample E showed the highest average effectiveness against all tested strains at 50 μg/ml and had inhibition percentages ranging from 30 to 52%. In the screening that used preformed biofilm from the reference strain P. aeruginosa, essential oils A through E were inactive at 200 μg/ml; F was active with a percentage of inhibition equal to 53.2%. Oregano essential oil can inhibit the formation of biofilms of various food pathogens and food spoilage organisms. Copyright ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84969277816","10.1021/ez400106t","2013-10-14","Predicted Releases of Engineered Nanomaterials: From Global to Regional to Local","A key question for industry, regulators, toxicologists, and risk assessors working with nanomaterials is what relevant environmental engineered nanomaterial (ENM) concentrations should be considered. Answering this question requires ENM material flow estimates at the local level. Using a life-cycle approach, global ENM production and application data were used to estimate releases at global, regional, national, and local levels. Local level emissions were then used to estimate releases to water (direct and from wastewater treatment effluent), soils (direct and from runoff and biosolids), and air (direct and from incineration of ENM-containing products). Waste management data for dozens of countries were used to estimate the flow of 10 major ENMs through eight world regions. A national and local release example was conducted with data from the United States, providing predicted wastewater effluent concentrations for the San Francisco Bay area, ranging from low nanograms per liter to micrograms per liter depending on the ENM.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84886925645",,"2013-10-25","Promoting scientific literacy through the online argumentation system","This study investigated how the scientific competencies advocated by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) could be improved by using online argumentation. An online argumentation system served as an aid for argumentation instruction and activities among students during the experiment. Seventy-one 10th grade high school students took part in this study. A quasi-experimental design was adopted and qualitative and quantitative analyses were used. The results showed that using the online argumentation system to conduct argumentation instruction and activities could improve the students' PISA scientific competencies. The experimental group students outperformed their counterparts in terms of mean scientific competencies. Finally, this study proposed suggestions related to argumentation research and science instruction.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84894734433",,"2013-11-01","Effect of multi-component mixing on hydrolysis and acidification of baled wheat straw","Effect of multi-component mixing on hydrolysis and acidification of baled wheat straw was studied. The pH value, COD, SCOD and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) content of hydrolysis liquid were analyzed during the experiment process. The results showed that, either wheat straw hydrolyzed alone or hydrolyzed with other organic wastes, the appropriate output time was 3~7 d. After that, COD content of hydrolysis liquid decreased slowly. The lowest pH value of 5.31 and the highest VFAs content of 6.46 g/L were obtained at treatment of vegetable waste + wheat straw. Compared to wheat straw hydrolyzed alone, after pig manure addition, hydrolysis rate of wheat straw was improved and hydrolysis rate and organic acid production rate of wheat straw (based on dry matter) increased by 43%~134% and 50.53%, respectively. However, the efficiency of improving SCOD content, rate of SCOD/COD, content of total volatile fatty acid and reducing pH value were not as good as treatment of vegetable waste + wheat straw. The results of treatment of food waste + wheat straw was between treatment of pig manure + wheat straw and treatment of vegetable waste + wheat straw. From the point of improving hydrolysis and acidification rate of wheat straw, adding pig manure was best for hydrolysis and acidification of wheat straw.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84886233933","10.1016/j.foodres.2012.10.019","2013-11-01","Application of proteomics and metabolomics for investigation of food toxins","Fungi, bacteria and other organisms secrete into the extracellular environment numerous compounds that are required for their survival. The secreted proteins and the components of the translocation systems themselves can be scrutinized in-depth by the proteomic and other omic tools. Many of these secretion systems are involved in pathogenic processes and indicate mechanisms of pathogenesis and could as well be of great interest for the applications in food technology and biotechnology. Further improvements in existing and developing omic strategies and techniques will enable studies of fungal, plant and microorganism secretomes in order to build comprehensive and confident data sets of secreted proteins and other metabolites. Network of these components will lead to the increased understanding of interactions between the host and pathogen. The identification of proteins and small molecules that are produced by a still unknown pathogen will be the first step on the way of detection and further prevention of foodborne diseases.This perspective brings the opportunity to develop new targets in order to ensure food safety that is important for human health as well as for the agriculture, food processing and storage. Ensuring food safety in the future will require new methods for identification, monitoring and assessing of foodborne hazards during production, storage, delivery and consume.In present review the use of proteomics, peptidomics and metabolomics for determination of metabolic pathways and biomarkers of pathogenicity and resistance of biotoxins in the animal and plant food contamination is discussed. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84887608859","10.1111/j.1435-5957.2012.00436.x","2013-11-01","Trade costs, wage difference, and endogenous growth","In this paper, we develop an endogenous growth and international trade model with two countries in which equilibrium wages in the two countries are different between two countries. First, when trade costs are high, the share of manufacturing firms in the large country increases with a decline in trade costs because of market size. However, the share of firms then decreases with a decline in trade costs when trade costs are low because of wage differences. Finally, all firms agglomerate in the small country, since production costs in the small country are low. In this process, the innovation sector shifts its location from the large-market and high-wage country to the small-market and low-wage country. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84886852053","10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.397-400.688","2013-11-07","A study about energy consumption and economic growth in Qinghai based on the co-integration analysis","Qinghai province was an important and special province in the western in china. Although great changes in all aspects in Qinghai Province in recent years, but due to long-term economic growth, the starting point of production and energy consumption was low, also the production efficiency was poor. There still exists the traditional mode in the economic structure with high energy consumption and low output in basic industries. This study analyzed the relationship between GDP increasing and total energy consumption using co-integration method based on 20 sets of annual data during 1992-2011 in Qinghai province. By the study we found energy development and utilization play an important role in it along with the steady and rapid growth of economy. During the past 20 years energy use efficiency has been improved greatly, but there was still a large potential for energy saving. This paper analyzes the relation between economic growth and energy consumption of Qinghai Province from 1992 to 2011 using the methods of co-integration analysis. The empirical results show that fluctuations relationship existing between Qinghai energy consumption and GDP in the short term, but in the long run there was a long-term stab equilibrium relationship between them. So there will be a lot of space of energy savings in the future relying on scientific and technological progress. Energy industry should be developed further synchronously in order to achieve energy-saving and emission reduction and sustainable development. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84887599909","10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20130134","2013-11-20","Old age security in rural China: There is a long way to go","Objective We aimed to examine the current developments and challenges confronted by old age security in rural China. Data sources This study is based on the data from PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley, EBSCO, EMBASE, SCI Expanded, ProQuest, Google, and CNKI which is the most informative database in Chinese. Study selection Articles were selected with the search terms rural, China, old, older, or elder, elderly, or aged, aging, security, culture, value, medical insurance or community based medical insurance or cooperative medical scheme. Related websites and yearbooks were searched as well. Results The socio-economic development has made the burden of traditional care for the rural elderly heavier than ever, and new challenges are emerging in rural communities, such as poor economic, deteriorating natural environment and health crisis. Conclusions The governments should improve the scale and caliber of rural old age security and strengthen regulations with great efforts in developing the rural economy and protecting the natural environment of rural communities.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84892384285",,"2013-12-01","Ecological modernization at the intersection of environment and energy","Contemporary environmental policy is marked by an emphasis on the fight against climate change. Technological improvements for energy efficiency and transition to a low carbon economy are seen as principal environmental policy measures. Has this been the case 40 years ago when modern environmental policy took its first leap? Or has it been the result of a particular twist in the course of the development of environmental policy? Taking sides with the latter approach, it is argued that the intertwining of environmental and energy policy is attributable to ecological modernization that has become the dominant interpretation of sustainable development. Accordingly, this article focuses on ecological modernization theory and policy strategy in an aim to capture this turn. Empirical evidence will be provided through an analysis of European Union (EU) environmental policy. It will be demonstrated how EU environmental policy takes its direction from ecological modernization and how energy efficiency lies at its core.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84897872277",,"2013-12-01","Wind speed forecasting based on ARFIMA-EGARCH model","Because of the important technological and economic impacts of wind speed on wind power generation and the increasing as a renewable energy source in many countries of wind power, providing accurate wind speed prediction algorithms has become increasingly significant to the planning of wind speed plants, the scheduling dispatchable generation and tariffs in the day-ahead electricity market and the operation of power systems. In this paper, a strategy, which adopts ARFIMA-EGARCH model is presented for wind speed forecasting. The results show that ARFIMAEGARCH model, which combines both the long memory time series and the conditional heteroscedastic processes, possesses higher accuracy than the classical approach towards wind forecasting. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84892531147","10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.09.012","2013-12-01","Improved performance and quantitative detection of copro-antigens by a monoclonal antibody based ELISA to diagnose human opisthorchiasis","Copro-antigen detection has been advocated as a promising method for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis, particularly in people that harbored light infection or have had recent drug treatment. This study aimed to improve performance of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Mab-ELISA) for detection of Opisthorchis viverrini copro-antigen and assess the correlation between copro-antigen and intensity of infection. Four different treatment methods of 71 samples from the Lawa endemic area, Khon Kaen province were assessed for copro-antigen detection, namely (1) phosphate buffer saline (PBS), (2) heating (70. °C 30. min), (3) alkaline (pH 9.6 in carbonate buffer), and (4) trichloroacetic acid (TCA) treatment. Comparison of these protocols showed that the TCA method gave the best performance in discriminating O. viverrini positive and negative samples with high sensitivity (97.9%) and moderate specificity (54.2%) compared with other methods. Application of TCA-based Mab-ELISA method for antigen detection in fecal samples obtained from an endemic area of opisthorchiasis revealed that 86 of 141 samples (61.0%) were positive compared with 68 (48.2%) by PBS-based protocol, while the formalin ethyl-acetate concentration technique (FECT) yielded a positive proportion of 71.6%. Among 40 egg-negative samples confirmed by a gold standard parasitological method (FECT) from the same endemic area, 19 (47.5%) were positive by the TCA-based while only 6 (15%) were positive by PBS-based Mab-ELISA protocol. In addition, levels of antigen detection significantly correlated with intensity of infection (egg per gram feces). The results show that the improved Mab-ELISA method has high sensitivity and also quantifiable diagnosis of opisthorchiasis. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84885370610","10.1080/0376835X.2013.832149","2013-12-01","Household spending patterns and flow of ecotourism income into communities around Liwonde National Park, Malawi","Rural Malawi is largely characterised by high levels of poverty, unemployment and high population densities. It is also seen as the 'warm heart of Africa', which, together with its abundant natural resources, makes it an excellent destination for international ecotourists. This paper looks at the impact of ecotourism employment on poverty reduction and the flow of ecotourism income into the villages adjacent to Liwonde National Park. Extensive questionnaire surveys were conducted with staff employed in ecotourism as well as with rural households in the villages adjacent to the Park. Comparisons of household income and social welfare highlight the important role of ecotourism employment in lifting people in these rural villages above the poverty line. Household spending patterns illustrate the flow of income from ecotourism into the local economy and the important impact of this on local socio-economic development. Suggestions for increasing local multiplier effects of ecotourism are put forward. ",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84892667351","10.1109/TALE.2013.6654509","2013-12-01","Quantitative models and software architecture, facing student Desertion and Permanence","The development of multi-tier architecture based on knowledge and model driven for the competitiveness is discussed in Higher Education; the engine are Mathematical and Computational Models for dynamic and structural analysis of the academic governance given the student high dropout. The problem is characterized by the high social and economic costs; the layers mentioned, mainly are: Institution issues, Users (3-student levels, Faculty Teachers and Parents) and the data and knowledge, enabling management of multiple piece inter-connected environments, focusing on the governance with its sustainability impact into quality, productivity and competitiveness. Data architecture gives several figures on desertion, costs (families, institutions). The period of observation, the student's retention figures were increased significantly and the desertion control was also improved. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84891304500","10.1890/12-1166.1","2013-12-01","Hidden Markov models for estimating animal mortality from anthropogenic hazards","Carcass searches are a common method for studying the risk of anthropogenic hazards to wildlife, including nontarget poisoning and collisions with anthropogenic structures. Typically, numbers of carcasses found must be corrected for scavenging rates and imperfect detection. Parameters for these processes (scavenging and detection) are often estimated using carcass distribution trials in which researchers place carcasses in the field at known times and locations. In this manuscript I develop a variety of estimators based on multi-event or hidden Markov models for use under different experimental conditions. I apply the estimators to two case studies of avian mortality, one from pesticide exposure and another at wind turbines. The proposed framework for mortality estimation points to a unified framework for estimation of scavenging rates and searcher efficiency in a single trial and also allows estimation based only on accidental kills, obviating the need for carcass distribution trials. Results of the case studies show wide variation in the performance of different estimators, but even wider confidence intervals around estimates of the numbers of animals killed, which are the direct result of small sample size in the carcass distribution trials employed. These results also highlight the importance of a well-formed hypothesis about the temporal nature of mortality at the focal hazard under study.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85016860863","10.1057/9781137361943","2013-12-02","A conceptual framework for financial inclusion and recent evidence for sub-Saharan Africa","Access to formal financial services has the potential to help transform the lives of low-income households through three channels: the smoothing of consumption, investment in human or productive capital and the management of vulnerabilities. However, approximately 80% of the population of 11 sub-Saharan African countries do not have a formal bank account, and as a result are deemed financially excluded. This chapter uses consumer choice theory to develop a conceptual framework to help identify constraints to financial inclusion, and presents recent empirical evidence from the FinScope surveys to comparatively assess financial inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84890065758","10.1061/9780784413159.450","2013-12-16","System dynamics model of urban car ownership - A case study of guangzhou","With the high-speed growth of urban car ownership, it is important to study the growth limit of urban automobiles and the transport policies of controlling growth rate of urban cars. The purpose of the paper is to predict the growth trends of urban car ownership system and analyze the impacts on urban car ownership under different transport policies. The growth of urban car ownership will be infected by many factors, but traditional transportation modeling approaches are unsuitable for simulating such a complex model. So the paper considers many influencing factors to build the urban car ownership system by system dynamics, which is usually used to analyze complex issues. The research shows that any single traffic policy has its limitations, while, by implementing comprehensive traffic policy, urban car ownership can be properly controlled and research the better goal. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84891134866",,"2013-12-31","Factors associated with the causes for abandonment of nutrition counseling for children and adolescents with malnutrition Factores asociados a las causas de abandono de la consulta de niños y adolescentes con malnutrición","The non-compliance with and abandonment of medical counseling is frequent in health institutions. This abandonment represents a high economic cost in any health system in addition to the negative effect that the abandonment can have on patient health. The Antimano Center for Attention to Child Nutrition (Centro de Atención Nutricional Infantil Antímano-CANIA), does not escape this problem, which is more noticeable in that the demand for such care has increased. The aim of this research was to determine the factors associated with the causes of nutrition counseling abandonment by patients with malnutrition who attendedCANIAduring the 2000-2008 period. The sample consisted of 827 patients under social assessment who quit attending consultation and requested re-assessment. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The variables studied related to socio-demographics, family and individuals. Frequency distributions, the chi squared statistics test with a significance level of α= 0.05 and Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) were used. The variables significantly associated with the causes of counseling abandonment were: the mothers' level of education, social stratification according to Graffar's modified method, unstable incomes and failure to recognize the nutritional problem. In conclusion, the principle causes of abandonment were family limitations, carelessness and travels and/or moving. Recognition of a nutritional problem should be approached from the first encounter with the patient and his/her family. On the other hand, the level of education of the mother or legal guardian does not determine the recognition of malnutrition as a disease.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84899510794",,"2014-01-01","Production of Dunaliella salina and Spirulina platensis by reusing desalination concentrate to improve sutainability of inland desalination","In the past several years, the western United States has continued to face moderate to severe drought. Brackish water resources have a potential to augment the available potable sources of water. By 2025 it is expected that a significant portion of the world population living in arid area will suffer from water shortage. One of the major problems with inland desalination is the difficulty of disposing the reject brine (the concentrate). This has a major impact on the total cost of the desalination. With current options for the disposal such as evaporation ponds and deep well injection are not sustainable, hence; the objective of our research is to use desalination concentrate for microalgae production to sustain the inland desalination. Microalgae species Dunaliella salina and Spirulina platensis were cultured using the concentrate stream from Brackish Groundwater National Desalination Research Facility (BGNDRF), Alamogordo, NM. Anaerobic Digested Sludge (ADS) were used in the same experiment in order to study and compare the sludge as source of nutrients with the commonly used nutrient to grow algae. Two levels of conductivities of concentrate were used in our studies. The data indicated longer culturing times are required for D. salina and S. platensis to reach the maximal growth due to the high conductivities (31,800 and 25,442 microS/cm for D. salina; 35,900 and 21,500 microS/cm for S. platensis). However, the dried weights of both species using supernatant from ADS achieved from our studies are 1.49 g/L (D. salina) and 1.98 g/L (S. platensis) are comparable to that of literature data (D. salina 1.06 g/L and S. platensis 0.8-2.99 g/L). It was found that both D. salina and S. platensis are feasible to be grown in desalination concentrate as water media and ADS as nutrient. The final finding from this research will be presented to the conference. Copyright ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84902779424",,"2014-01-01","Cutting youth unemployment in a digital age","The rapid progress in information and communication technologies has dramatically redefined how people live, work, communicate and learn. These shifts have been accompanied by difficult times for both employers and workers and create pressure on social security systems and institutions. The GES offers a variety of policy solutions. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84905256439",,"2014-01-01","Inequality, neighbourhoods and variation in prices","In this study we examine the link between of income inequality and wholesale price of wheat using panel data. We have weekly time series data on prices for wheat for 3 districts in Uttar Pradesh in India obtained from the Department of Economics and Statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture. Government of India (DES-MOA. GOI) for the period 2006-2011. Gini coefficient is calculated on the basis of consumption expenditure collected by National Sample Survey Organisation of India. We find that price of food grain initially increases with increase in inequality but after a point it starts declining, implying an inverted-U shape relation between the two. This relationship holds for the cross-section of societies over the period of time.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84907569157",,"2014-01-01","Decline of Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis numbers in the Pomeranian bay revealed by two different survey methods","Abundance of Long-tailed Ducks Clangula hyemalis wintering in the Pomeranian Bay wasmonitored between 1988 and 2014, using both ship-based and aerial surveys and correcting for distance dependent detection. Aerial surveys were conducted using an improved transect division and a double observer design to estimate detection probability near the transect line. As the latter probability was considerably below 1, we applied an additional correction factor for observer efficiency. After correcting for observer efficiency in aerial surveys, the two methodological approaches yielded similar densities, though an apparent underestimation in aerial surveys warrants further cross-validation. Density estimates from both platforms were merged for further analysis. After reaching peak levels in 1992 and 1993, Long-tailed Duck winter densities in the Pomeranian Bay declined by 82% until 2010. This decline was part of an overall decline in numbers throughout the Baltic Sea. An apparent increase since 2010, whichwas likely due to local ice-induced movements, indicates that habitats in the study area may still support high densities today.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84911908566",,"2014-01-01","Fine spatio-temporal simulation of cropping and farming systems effects on irrigation withdrawal dynamics within a river basin","In Europe, many water resources systems are in structural water deficit, with limited or non-existent opportunities to store more water. Often, the agricultural sector is blamed for taking water when it is least available. This paper describes a fine, spatially and temporally explicit agricultural model which was built specifically to support the design and the assessment of alternative cropping system spatial distributions to face water scarcity issues at river basin level. We focus on the description of decision making process and spatio-temporal organization of irrigation at farm level. Information available in the French Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) geographical database was crucial to the modeling process. The agricultural model is coupled to a hydrological and a normative model in the MAELIA multi-agent simulation platform which aims at representing of the structure and dynamics of a particular social-ecological system: a socio-agro-hydro-system. We give an overall description of the model components and present the main simulation results used to assess the models' performance. We discuss the model's ability to figure inter and intra annual irrigation withdrawal dynamics.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84920941219",,"2014-01-01","New perspectives in automotive industry architecture: Car museum design Nove perspektive u arhitekturi automobilske industrije: Projektiranje muzeja automobila","Since 2000, car manufacturing industry turned increasingly towards spectacular and expressionistic architectures, targeting the confirmed presence in global and local (at city level) public space. This also resulted in the opening to the general public of extensive surfaces of interactive and museum spaces to accommodate educational-informative activities, present the historic and technological emblem or host cultural events and interactive functions.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84924957265",,"2014-01-01","Antimicrobial activity of Avicennia marina (Forsk) Vierh from Back water area of Puducherry, India","Mangroves are the ecologically important coastal wetland. In the tropics, they are especially rich in flora and fauna. They are one of the most productive ecosystems of great ecological and economical significance. Mangrove plant extracts have been used for centuries as popular method for treating several health disorders. Plant derived substances have recently become of great interest owing to their versatile applications. Mangroves are biochemically unique, producing a wide array of novel natural products with antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal activity. The present work deals with antimicrobial activity of the mangrove plant Avicennia marina (Aviceniaceae) against selected bacteria and fungi. Fresh and healthy leaves of Avicennia marina (Forsk) Vierh were collected from Ariyankuppam Back Water area, air dried, pulverized and extracted (5g/25ml solvent) overnight in solvents like ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, chloroform and ethyl methyl ketone and screened for antimicrobial activity. The test organism used were Gram negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris, Gram positive bacteria; Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, unicellular fungus Candida albicans and phytopathogenic fungi viz., Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata and Fusarium oxysporum. Bioactivity was determined by disc diffusion method and well diffusion method. Difference in activity was noticed between the two methods employed. More activity was noticed in well-diffusion method than in disc diffusion method. The test bacteria varied in their sensitivity to the various solvent extracts. Similar trend was noticed for the fungi also. The inhibitory effect observed may be attributed to the inhibitory compounds present in the leaf extract of A. marina.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84937232098",,"2014-01-01","The study of mycotoxins contamination in recycled waste bread in two municipal areas in Tehran, Iran","Background: Many species of sustainable mycotoxin-producing fungi are considered as dangerous agents for humans. Bread is one of the materials exposed to fungal infection and molds are amongst the most important pollutant microbial and chemical mycotoxin-producing agents of bread. In this study, the microbial and chemical contamination of recycled waste breads and the types of produced mycotoxins at two areas of Tehran municipality, Iran, were investigated. Methods: Using fungal culture media, twenty samples of waste bread were analyzed for microbial contaminations. To recognize contamination to mycotoxins, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and fuorescence detector (FLD) were used. Findings: All but one sample were contaminated to mold infections such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, and yeasts including Geotricum candidum, Candidia albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eight samples were contaminated to aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol, whereas none of them showed contamination with zearalenone. Conclusion: The results indicated that presence of microbial and toxic contamination in bread waste is inevitable, which is harmful for human health. The sanitary control of food waste to reduce or eliminate microbial hazards in food recycling is necessary.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84946557960",,"2014-01-01","Operation optimization for municipal wastewater treatment plants of high capacity","000 inhabitants. The analysis method is based on efficiency monitoring of reduction reaction of nitrogen through the biological treatment phase. There are highlighted the technical and economic efficiencies of comparative solutions. Thus obtained internal architectures for existing urban wastewater treatment plants adapted to the concrete situation occurred at some point during their operation.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84964662743",,"2014-01-01","Learning to work on a cruise ship: Accounts from Bali","This article studies the motivations and the formal and informal learning contexts for well-educated, young Balinese from poorer areas who enroll in cruise ship training colleges. The major motivations were obtaining a high income and helping the family. While basic hospitality and tourism skills are acquired, trainees also named other capacities such as politeness, confidence and tricks, such as juggling, as advantageous. The work on board was acknowledged to be arduous and demanding. Physical and mental preparation was needed. On retirement from a cruise ship career, savings enable them to start a small business in Bali. However, many such small enterprises fail. We identify the need for further short course training and other support in post-cruise ship work business planning and management.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84910120850","10.1002/2013GB004760","2014-01-01","Non-growing-season soil respiration is controlled by freezing and thawing processes in the summer monsoon-dominated Tibetan alpine grassland","32 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 for R0 and 2.5-2.9 versus 2.9-5.6 for Q10); and (3) the intraannual variation in cumulative Rs was controlled by accumulated surface soil temperature. We found that in the summer monsoon-dominated Tibetan alpine grassland, surface soil freezing, bulk soil freezing, and accumulated surface soil temperature are the day-, season-, and year-scale drivers of the non-growing-season Rs, respectively. Our results suggest that warmer winters can trigger carbon loss from this ecosystem because of higher Q10 of thawed than frozen soils. Key Points Four year continuous hourly monitoring of soil CO2 flux (Rs) using automated systemNon-growing-season cumulative Rs accounted for 11.8-13.2% of the annual total RsHigher Q10 of thawed than frozen soil can trigger C loss in warmer winter",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84901911024","10.1002/pssb.201350423","2014-01-01","Optical properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons under uniaxial strain","The optical properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) under the uniaxial strain are studied within a non-orthogonal tight-binding model. For 9-AGNR and 10-AGNR, the first transition energy E11 increases and the second one E22 decreases when the uniaxial strain increases. And for 10-AGNR, there is a crossover for the two transition energies under the uniaxial strain. While for 11-AGNR, the E11 transition energy decreases firstly and then increases and the E22 transition energy increases when the uniaxial strain increases. Interestingly, there is a semiconductor-metal transition for 11-AGNR with increasing strain. These variations of the optical transition energies can be used as a supplemented tool to detect the deformation degree of an AGNR under the uniaxial strain. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84921324581","10.1007/978-3-319-11310-4_43","2014-01-01","A multi-level linguistic fuzzy decision network hierarchical structure model for crop selection","Cultivate the best crop from many suitable crops is a complex process that faces the decision makers (e.g. farmers, their advisors, and others in the agricultural sector). Their goal is to select a crop which maximizes the resource utilization and in the same time ensures the sustainability for natural agricultural resources. Selecting such crop for cultivating among many suitable alternatives crops is a Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem. Since, the selection for the best decision is dependent in many criteria and having dependence and feedback among them. In this paper Linguistic Fuzzy Decision Network (LFDN) method is developed and applied to a real case study to decide the cultivate crop among four crops-namely: Wheat, Corn, Rice, and Fababean w.r.t given multiple criteria.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091178156","10.1007/978-94-017-9159-5_5","2014-01-01","Program Sustainability Through Interdisciplinary Networking: On Connecting Foreign Language Programs with Sustainability Studies and Other Fields","Interdisciplinarity poses fundamental challenges to the ways in which even the most progressive departments conceive of their educational mission with respect to integrated language and culture learning. This essay outlines the structure for redesigning the undergraduate major as a “tools-based” curriculum that concentrates work in three core areas: skill in language and literacy, knowledge of context and media, and development of critical literacy and global understanding. It advocates a complex approach to fostering translingual and transcultural competence and describes the development of course offerings in the environmental humanities as an example. By recognizing the emerging mosaic structure of undergraduate education and embracing opportunities to collaborate with other disciplines, foreign language departments can engage in productive curriculum reform.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84901690477","10.1007/s10342-013-0769-z","2014-01-01","Tiptoeing between restoration and invasion: Seed rain into natural gaps within a highly invaded relic forest in the azores","The last remains of native laurel forest in the Azores are highly threatened by the spread of invasive plants. Because landslides are very frequent in these islands, conservation of native laurel forest requires knowledge of the patterns of bird-dispersed seed rain into forest gaps. We monitored 78 seed traps over 1 year to investigate (1) the role of perches in attracting avian dispersers into gaps, (2) temporal patterns in the dispersal of exotic and native seeds, (3) how seed rain affects vegetation establishment in gaps at different distances from the native forest and (4) whether the caloric content of fruits could explain the number of seeds dispersed. Perches were highly effective in concentrating avian seed dispersal. While some native fruits are produced all year-round, most exotic plants set fruits during the main peak of the native fruit production (August-November). Most seeds recovered from the traps were native, and native seed rain inside the native forest was higher than in gaps. However, deposition of exotic seeds was not affected by distance from native forest. Seed dispersal frequencies monitored by seed traps and by faecal analysis were correlated with each other, but not with fruit caloric content, suggesting that other factors are more important that the nutritional value in predicting avian fruit choice. Forest restoration activities should take into consideration that seed dispersal decreases sharply beyond 100 m from native forest and the attractive potential of perches to direct natural seed dispersal into forest gaps. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84904069404","10.1007/s10909-014-1172-y","2014-01-01","Development of Ta-based STJ X-ray detector arrays for synchrotron science","We are developing a cryogen-free Ta-based superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) detector for soft X-ray spectroscopy at synchrotrons. With an energy resolution 10 times higher than conventional solid-state X-ray detectors and count-rate capabilities above 5 kHz/pixel, STJ detectors offer potentially increased sensitivity for fluorescence-yield X-ray absorption spectroscopy (FY-XAS). We have developed 36-pixel arrays of 208 × 208 μ m Ta STJs with an energy resolution of ∼ 9 eV FWHM at the 525 eV oxygen K line. Compared to earlier Nb-based STJs, Ta-STJs offer improved energy resolution and absorption efficiency and extend the operating range to several keV. Here we describe the integration of the 36-pixel arrays into a cryogen-free, user-friendly X-ray spectrometer. A computer-controlled adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator coupled to a two-stage pulse tube refrigerator allows operation below 100 mK. The detector chip is located at the end of a 42 cm shielded snout for insertion into the analysis chamber. The system is currently being commissioned at the Advanced Light Source synchrotron. ",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84920257035","10.1007/s11430-014-4918-0","2014-01-01","High-resolution remote sensing mapping of global land water","Land water, one of the important components of land cover, is the indispensable and important basic information for climate change studies, ecological environment assessment, macro-control analysis, etc. This article describes the overall study on land water in the program of global land cover remote sensing mapping. Through collection and processing of Landsat TM/ETM+, China’s HJ-1 satellite image, etc., the program achieves an effective overlay of global multi-spectral image of 30 m resolution for two base years, namely, 2000 and 2010, with the image rectification accuracy meeting the requirements of 1:200000 mapping and the error in registration of images for the two periods being controlled within 1 pixel. The indexes were designed and selected reasonably based on spectral features and geometric shapes of water on the scale of 30 m resolution, the water information was extracted in an elaborate way by combining a simple and easy operation through pixel-based classification method with a comprehensive utilization of various rules and knowledge through the object-oriented classification method, and finally the classification results were further optimized and improved by the human-computer interaction, thus realizing high-resolution remote sensing mapping of global water. The completed global land water data results, including Global Land 30-water 2000 and Global Land 30-water 2010, are the classification results featuring the highest resolution on a global scale, and the overall accuracy of self-assessment is 96%. These data are the important basic data for developing relevant studies, such as analyzing spatial distribution pattern of global land water, revealing regional difference, studying space-time fluctuation law, and diagnosing health of ecological environment.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84902073692","10.1007/s13280-014-0503-1","2014-01-01","Ecosystem services in urban landscapes: Practical applications and governance implications","Urban landscapes are the everyday environment for the majority of the global population, and almost 80 % of the Europeans live in urban areas. The continuous growth in the number and size of urban areas along with an increasing demand on resources and energy poses great challenges for ensuring human welfare in cities while preventing an increasing loss of biodiversity. The understanding of how urban ecosystems function, provide goods and services for urban dwellers; and how they change and what allows and limits their performance can add to the understanding of ecosystem change and governance in general in an ever more human-dominated world. This Special Issue aims at bridging the knowledge gap among urbanization, demand creation, and provisioning of ecosystem services in urban regions on the one hand and schemes of urban governance and planning on the other. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84890860844","10.1016/j.ajog.2013.07.029","2014-01-01","Pregnancy in the severely mentally ill patient as an opportunity for global coordination of care","Although obstetricians commonly care for pregnant patients with psychiatric disorders, little has been written about the implications of managing a pregnancy during a prolonged psychiatric hospitalization for severe mental illness. Multidisciplinary care may optimize obstetric and psychiatric outcomes. We describe a severely mentally ill patient at 27 weeks' gestation (G1P0) who was admitted after a suicide attempt. She exhibited intermittently worsening depression and anxiety throughout a 2-month inpatient psychiatric hospitalization, during which her psychiatric and obstetric providers collaborated regarding her care. We review recommendations for antepartum and intrapartum treatment of the acutely suicidal and severely mentally ill patient and, in particular, the evidence that a multidisciplinary coordinated approach to planning can maximize patient physical and mental health and facilitate preparedness for delivery.  All rights reserved.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84907374886","10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.065","2014-01-01","Improving the amenability of municipal waste activated sludge for biological pretreatment by phase-separated sludge disintegration method","The significance of citric acid, a cation binding agent, was investigated for the exclusion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) from waste activated sludge (WAS) and anaerobic biodegradability following enzymatic bacterial pretreatment. EPS was removed with 0.05. g/g SS of citric acid. The results of pretreatment found that the suspended solids reduction and chemical oxygen demand solubilisation were 21.4% and 16.2% for deflocculated-bacterially pretreated sludge, 14.28% and 10.0% for flocculated sludge (without EPS removal and bacterially pretreated) and 8.5% and 6.5% for control sludge (raw sludge), respectively. Further assessing anaerobic biodegradability, the biogas yield potential of deflocculated and bacterially pretreated, flocculated, and control sludges were found to be 0.455. L/(g VS), 0.343. L/(g VS), and 0.209. L/(g VS), respectively. Thus, phase-separated disintegration enhanced anaerobic biodegradability efficiently. .",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84901686158","10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.09.009","2014-01-01","Benthic foraminifera from Capbreton Canyon revisited; faunal evolution after repetitive sediment disturbance","At a 650m deep site in the axis of Capbreton Canyon an 18-cm-thick turbidite was deposited in December 1999. During subsequent campaigns, an almost monospecific fauna of the benthic foraminifer Technitella melo, considered as a pioneer species, was found in May 2000. In 2001 this fauna had disappeared and was replaced by an exceptionally rich fauna strongly dominated by the opportunistic species Bolivina subaenariensis. We present sedimentological, radionuclide and foraminiferal data of new cores, sampled in 2005 and 2011, taken with the aim to study the further evolution of the benthic ecosystem. Cores sampled in 2005 show that in the canyon axis a new, ca. 5cm thick, turbidite has been deposited. The live benthic foraminiferal faunas were much poorer than in 2001, but still had a high dominance and low diversity, although less extreme than in 2001. We conclude that in the canyon axis, benthic foraminiferal faunas remain in an early stage of ecosystem colonization. It appears that the very thick 1999 turbidite marks an exceptional event. The uncommonly rich faunas observed in 2001 could be a response to the concentration of organic-rich material in the fine-grained top of this deposit. In 2011, cores were sampled at a slightly different site, on the lower canyon flank. The sedimentary sequence here is marked by the absence of coarse turbidite layers, although some levels show slightly increased grain size, and lower 210Pbxs activities, indicative of an admixture with advected older sediments. Live foraminiferal faunas are much more equilibrated, as shown by their higher diversity, lower dominance, and deeper penetration into the sediment. All these characteristics are indicative of a much more stable ecosystem. Dead faunas are present throughout the core, indicating that the levels with slightly elevated grain size are not typical turbidites resulting from hyperpycnal currents (which are characterized by levels barren of foraminifera) but denote other, more long-term sedimentary processes leading to the advection of older material, such as bottom nepheloid layers, or repetitive fine-grained turbidite deposits due to small-scale slumping. The comparison of live and dead fauna shows that at both sites, the foraminiferal turnover rates are fairly low. At the lower canyon flank site sampled in 2011, the foraminiferal faunas are renewed every 1.5-2years. Such a fairly long foraminiferal lifespan corresponds to earlier estimates, but is surprisingly high for the opportunistic taxa that dominate the faunal assemblages in these unstable and food-enriched submarine canyon settings. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84901379212","10.1016/j.eneco.2014.05.001","2014-01-01","Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and economic activities: Further evidence from OECD countries","This article examines the dynamic relationship between renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and industrial output and GDP growth in OECD countries using data over the period of 1980-2011. The panel cointegration technique allowing structural breaks is used for empirical investigation. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship among non-renewable and renewable energy sources, industrial output and economic growth. The panel causality analyses show bidirectional causality between industrial output and both renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in the short and long run. However, there is evidence of bidirectional short-run relationship between GDP growth and non-renewable energy consumption while unidirectional causality between GDP growth and renewable energy consumption. These results indicate that OECD economies still remain energy-dependent for their industrial output as well as overall economic growth. However, expansion of renewable energy sources is a viable solution for addressing energy security and climate change issues, and gradually substituting renewable to non-renewable energy sources could enhance a sustainable energy economy. ",,,,,,,1,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84907377923","10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.07.005","2014-01-01","Urban growth and its determinants across the Wuhan urban agglomeration, central China","China has witnessed rapid urban growth over the past two decades, which has resulted in vast ecological and environmental issues, both in urban and peri-urban areas. It is therefore extremely important to explore the driving factors, and thus gain an insight into the process of urban growth, to be able to provide help for urban planning and policy making. This paper examines the features and spatial determinants of urban growth in the Wuhan urban agglomeration (WUA) from 1988 to 2011. Four landscape metrics (patch density, landscape shape index, aggregation index, and total area) were selected to characterize the urban landscape features at two scales (5km and 10km grid sizes). Spatial regression models were then used to explore the relationships between urban landscape change and its spatial determinants. The results showed that the urban area of the WUA increased from 4.19×104ha in 1988 to 49.29×104ha in 2011, with an annual growth rate of 46.75% over the past two decades. The WUA landscape has also become more fragmented and irregular. Spatial autocorrelations were common in the urban growth changes at the two different scales. Both physical and proximity factors have significantly influenced the urban landscape changes, and they have varied with time and scale. Among these variables, all the levels of road network have had a considerable effect on the shape and density changes of the urban landscape, while distance to railway and highway did not show obvious effects on the total area change of the urban growth. In addition, city center has had an increasing effect on patch density, and a decreasing impact on the total area of the urban landscape. The different land-use policies should be compromised and reconciled so that the objectives of promoting socioeconomic development and farmland protection can be balanced. These results could help us to better understand the process of urban growth, and thus have important implications for urban management and policy making in metropolitan areas in developing countries. .",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84907672690","10.1016/j.jglr.2014.04.013","2014-01-01","Phytoplankton trends in the Great Lakes, 2001-2011","We describe recent trends in phytoplankton composition and abundance in the Laurentian Great Lakes using synoptic spring (April) and summer (August) sampling events from 2001 through 2011, a period of rapid shifts in pelagic food webs and water quality. Data analysis identified qualitative and quantitative changes in algal densities, biovolume, and taxonomic composition of assemblages. Since 2001, Lake Superior has changed subtly with an increase in small-celled blue-green algae in spring and a recent decline in summer centric diatoms, possibly a result of lake warming and changes in water quality. Spring phytoplankton declines mainly attributed to diatoms occurred in Lakes Huron and Michigan, a probable result of invasions by non-native dreissenids that have reduced pelagic nutrients and selectively consumed certain taxa. The decline in Lake Huron's spring phytoplankton biovolume was earlier and more severe than that in Lake Michigan, despite a faster and more abundant dreissenid invasion in Lake Michigan. Lake Erie's central basin had a notable increase in spring centric diatoms (largely Aulacoseira), while the whole of Lake Erie shows a summer increase in cyanobacteria, complementing that found in coastal regions. The composition of Lake Ontario's species assemblage shifted, but little overall change in algal abundance was observed with the exception of higher summer densities of cyanophytes. Additional mechanisms for shifts in the pelagic primary producers are described or hypothesized in the context of concurrent shifts in water quality and invertebrate populations. Tracking these trends and explaining driving factors will be critical to the management of lake conditions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84897114830","10.1016/j.midw.2013.05.009","2014-01-01","Collaborative approaches towards building midwifery capacity in low income countries: A review of experiences","Objective: to explore collaborative approaches undertaken to build midwifery education, regulation and professional association in low income countries and identify evidence of strategies that may be useful to scale-up midwifery to achieve MDG 5. Design: an integrative review involving a mapping exercise and a narrative synthesis of the literature was undertaken. The search included peer reviewed research and discursive literature published between 2002 and 2012. Findings: fifteen papers were found that related to this topic: 10 discursive papers and five research studies. Collaborative approaches to build midwifery capacity come mainly from Africa and involve partnerships between low income countries and between low and high income countries. Most collaborations focus on building capacity across more than one area and arose through opportunistic and strategic means. A number of factors were found to be integral to maintaining collaborations including the establishment of clear processes for communication, leadership and appropriate membership, effective management, mutual respect, learning and an understanding of the context. Collaborative action can result in effective clinical and research skill building, the development of tailored education programmes and the establishment of structures and systems to enhance the midwifery workforce and ultimately, improve maternal and child health. Key conclusions: between country collaborations are one component to building midwifery workforce capacity in order to improve maternal health outcomes. Implications for practice: the findings provide insights into how collaboration can be established and maintained and how the contribution collaboration makes to capacity building can be evaluated. .",,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84887909078","10.1016/j.rser.2013.10.018","2014-01-01","Making the deployment of pico-PV more sustainable along the value chain","Pico-PV is an excellent technology for bringing electric light to rural areas in the developing world and replacing kerosene lanterns and candles. However, as pico-PV is a comparatively new technology, relatively little is known about appropriate methods for sustainable product development and deployment. For this reason current dissemination methods are often ineffective and unsustainable. This research aims to help project developers deploy pico-PV technologies successfully and in a sustainable manner. To achieve this, a conceptual framework of key sustainability criteria along the value chain was developed and tested. The analysis revealed that the most important criteria for the sustainable deployment of pico-PV systems are: (a) easy and safe operation of the product; (b) that a system for product return is established; (c) the retailer understands the target market and (d) the end-user is aware of the product's existence and its benefits. This research reveals that criteria (b) and (c) are of greatest concern. In light of these findings, the authors propose to focus on the following five factors; namely: (a) raising awareness for certification and creating market reassurance; (b) introducing support mechanisms to facilitate local repair; (c) using existing supply channels and establishing in-country (dis)assembly; (d) introducing financial support mechanisms at product supply stages and; (e) undertaking marketing campaigns. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84901194450","10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.04.003","2014-01-01","Growth of the Urban Shadow, Spatial Distribution of Economic Activities, and Commuting by Workers in Rural and Urban India","Unlike migration, scant attention has been paid to the phenomenon of commuting by workers in developing countries. This paper fills this gap by using a nationally representative data set from India to analyze factors that affect the decision of workers to commute across rural and urban areas daily. Our results suggest that regions with large peripheral urban areas or concentration of secondary sector jobs are more likely to have commuting workers. Regional rural and urban unemployment rates and rural-urban wage differentials are important push and pull factors in the decision to commute. .",,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85006507841","10.1017/S1755267214000979","2014-01-01","First record of Leucothea multicornis (Ctenophora: Lobata: Leucothidae) in the eastern Mediterranean","The warty comb jelly, Leucothea multicornis, was noted off the Mediterranean coast of Israel in May and June 2014. Though recorded multiple times in the western and central Mediterranean Sea, this is the first record of the species from the eastern basin. The transient localized blooms and longer-term persistent increases in native and alien ctenophore abundance indicate changes in the structure and function of the Levantine ecosystem.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84903267467","10.1055/s-0034-1368585","2014-01-01","In vitro antiplasmodial activity of benzophenones and xanthones from edible fruits of garcinia species","Species of Garcinia have been used to combat malaria in traditional African and Asian medicines, including Ayurveda. In the current study, we have identified antiplasmodial benzophenone and xanthone compounds from edible Garcinia species by testing for in vitro inhibitory activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Whole fruits of Garcinia xanthochymus, G. mangostana, G. spicata, and G. livingstonei were extracted and tested for antiplasmodial activity. Garcinia xanthochymus was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation to identify active partitions. Purified benzophenones (1-9) and xanthones (10-18) were then screened in the plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase assay and tested for cytotoxicity against mammalian (Vero) cells. The benzophenones guttiferone E (4), isoxanthochymol (5), and guttiferone H (6), isolated from G. xanthochymus, and the xanthones α-mangostin (15), β-mangostin (16), and 3-isomangostin (17), known from G. mangostana, showed antiplasmodial activity with IC50 values in the range of 4.71-11.40μM. Artemisinin and chloroquine were used as positive controls and exhibited IC50 values in the range of 0.01-0.24μM. The identification of antiplasmodial benzophenone and xanthone compounds from G. xanthochymus and G. mangostana provides evidence for the antiplasmodial activity of Garcinia species and warrants further investigation of these fruits as dietary sources of chemopreventive compounds. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84905864645","10.1080/00045608.2014.925306","2014-01-01","Legal Plurality: An Analysis of Power Interplay in Mekong Hydropower","The changing notion of state territoriality highlights overlapping power structures at international, national, and local scales and reveals how states can be differently powerful. This article analyzes how the interplay of these power structures shapes the dynamics of natural resource management in one of the world's fastest changing transboundary basins, the Mekong. Taking the Lao People's Democratic Republic as a case study, we highlight the existing inconsistency and institutional discrepancies in land, water, and environmental policy related to hydropower and illustrate how they are manifested in multiple decision-making frameworks and overlapping legal orders. The resulting legal plurality reveals the inherently contested terrain of hydropower but, more important, it illustrates how the central state has been able to use contradictory mandates and interests to further its goals. The specific Mekong hydropower case demonstrates that an understanding of power geometries and scale dynamics is crucial to meaningful application of social and environmental safeguards for sustainable dam development. More broadly, the case sheds light on the important role of states' various agents and their multiple connections, partially explaining how the achievement of the central state's goals can be derived from legal plurality rather than hindered by it. © 2014 ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84902989815","10.1080/07366981.2014.915647","2014-01-01","A Standard Best Practice Approach to Acquisition of Secure ICT Products","The activity of purchasing system and software products is a risky one. Without direct insight into how such products are built, how can a customer organization ensure that off-the-shelf products are secure and reliable? In this article, we recommend that customer organizations establish a standard method for acquiring products that helps ensure security. Using ISO 12207-2008 Systems and Software Engineering-Software Lifecycle Processes as a framework, we describe a complete approach that considers risks at every stage of the procurement process. Organizations can use this approach to tailor a repeatable, observable method that can be shared with a supplier. At a time when so many products promise to be faster, cheaper, or better, following a standard method can help those responsible for procuring software ensure the safety and security of their organizations. © 2014 ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84897871527","10.1080/12265934.2013.874546","2014-01-01","An analysis of the connection between built environment, physical activity and health: Comparing three urban neighbourhoods from Shiraz, Iran","There is currently considerable interest in discovering the effects of physical form and built environment on the physical activities done by people. The increasing concerns of obesity, especially among children, women, and old people, increase the necessity of research in this area. However, most studies in this area are from western developed countries and their results cannot be transferred to developing countries where the economic and social context is different. This study attempted to investigate the link between built environment, socio-economics, and physical activity among adults by comparing three neighbourhoods from Shiraz, Iran, using multiple criteria, including analysis of variance (ANOVAs), t-tests, and the correlation coefficient. The hypothesis was that these variables were positively related to physical activity for either transportation or sporting/exercise/leisure activities. An integrated database of built environment characteristics and activity-related features was developed for a sample of specific residential locations (n=328) in the metropolitan area of Shiraz, Iran, and then statistical methods were applied to test the hypothesis. The results from statistical and spatial analysis confirm that the built environment affects both travel and sporting/exercise/leisure activities. However, the patterns of activities are reasonably different from those discovered in developed countries due to considerable differences in social attitudes, lifestyles, and envi{dotless}ronmental design. In fact, improvements in the distribution and quality of urban services are also important in encouraging people to engage in physical activity; however, this is mediated by social and economic constraints. © 2014 ",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84909990799","10.1080/17442222.2014.915615","2014-01-01","Remaking Racial Inclusion: Combining Race and Class in Brazil’s New Affirmative Action","New multicultural regimes now characterize much of Latin America, creating opportunities for ethno-racial populations to fight for social inclusion. Yet, the literature identifies uneven patterns of success in those endeavors. Scholars argue that states more readily consider claims based on the recognition and protection of cultural difference as legitimate, but are resistant to calls for the remedy of racial discrimination. As a counterexample, we examine the case of affirmative action in higher education in Brazil, and specifically in the state universities of Rio de Janeiro. We explore how issues of racial exclusion and discrimination gained traction in public policy in that context. Perhaps more importantly, though, we show that race was only one component of that policy; instead, race was combined with class to establish a new type of beneficiary status for affirmative action: poor black students. Beyond Rio de Janeiro, we suggest the wider diffusion in Brazil of the combined race and class category for determining target populations.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84986571238","10.1093/aobpla/plu053","2014-01-01","Effects of salinity on flowering, morphology, biomass accumulation and leaf metabolites in an edible halophyte","The fresh water shortage in agriculture is an increasing problem worldwide, therefore the possibility of cultivating crops under saline conditions is of high importance. Crithmum maritimum, a halophytic plant naturally found on the rocky coastlines of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, has a long history of human consumption and was recently suggested as a cash crop for biosaline agriculture. In the present study, we compared the responses of different genotypes originating from France, Portugal and Israel to moderate saline irrigation (up to 100 mM NaCl). The genotypes varied greatly in the onset of flowering, their leaf appearance, growth habits and leaf metabolite content. Both Atlantic genotypes (from France and Portugal) flowered earlier than those from the Mediterranean, but the number of inflorescences decreased with salinity. Irrigation with 50 and 100 mM NaCl led to a reduction in biomass production in both the Israeli and the Portuguese genotypes, while the French genotype was found to produce maximumleaf yield at 50 mMNaCl. With increasing salinity, saltwas accumulated by the plants, as indicated by increasing electrical conductivities of the leaf extracts. Concomitantly, antioxidant compounds (such as ascorbic acid), total polyphenols and ureides responded to salinity in a genotype-dependent manner; either they increased, decreased or were unaffected. Notably, the total fatty acid concentration increased with salinity in both Mediterranean genotypes, reaching 2.7 and 2.4 % total fatty acids (on a dry weight basis) at 100 mM NaCl. Moreover, the proportion assigned to omega-3 fatty acids in these genotypes was higher than in their Atlantic counterparts at the highest salinity tested. Our results highlight the variations existing among C. maritimum genotypes from different origins regarding salt-induced changes in plant growth, flowering behaviour and leaf metabolites with nutritional value. Thus, genotypic characteristics should be taken into account when evaluating a wild plant species for future crop cultivation.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84907423760","10.1097/NMD.0000000000000174","2014-01-01","Overview of research on the mental health impact of violence in the middle east in light of the arab spring","This is a baseline of published research in the trauma field by Arab researchers. It highlights groundbreaking attempts by Arab researchers to investigate the mental health impact of violence in their countries before the Arab Spring. Peer-reviewed articles (N = 157) were identified through computerized searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Pilots Database, 1995 to 2012. A synopsis of the published research included a) country, b) screening instruments, c) sample size, d) methods, and e) results. The findings reveal that domestic violence attracted most attention after civil strife in Palestine and Lebanon. Torture survivors and victims of sexual violence received little attention. Study instruments were borrowed from Western researchers without being validated within local Arab cultures. No clinical outcome studies were found. In light of the Arab Spring, it is urgent that Arab researchers conduct studies that are evidence based and culturally valid addressing the mental health care of all traumatized citizens. Copyright ",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84988222518","10.1109/34084POWERI.2014.7117652","2014-01-01","A novel approach to improve power output of PV array under different shading conditions","Improvement of energy efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) system is needed to fulfill the energy crises. The power generation of PV array decreases due to partial shading occurs on the PV array. In partial shading condition, the PV modules of the array receive different intensity of solar irradiation and hence mismatch losses occurs between the modules. Thus the power-voltage characteristics of PV arrays contain multiple local maxima and one of them is a global maximum power point (GMPP). This paper presents an novel approach to arrange the physical position of modules in Total Cross Tied (TCT) configuration, without changing the electrical connection of the modules in the array. In this approach, the arrangement of PV modules of TCT configuration is done in such a way that the shading effect is distributed over the entire array, and hence it reduces the multiple local maxima in power-voltage characteristics of the PV array. Thus the tracking of GMPP in the present approach is simpler. In this paper, the power generation of array with TCT and proposed configuration is compared with theoretical and MATLAB simulation results. It is investigated that the power generation of PV array with proposed configuration is enhanced under different shading patterns.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84911421092","10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6946807","2014-01-01","Analysis of 'furnace cities' in China using MODIS/LST product (MOD11A2)","In China, hot big cities are called 'furnace' cities. With the development of urbanization and global warming, more and more big cities have become hot like a 'furnace'. To compare the hot degree among cities, long time series of meteorological data can be used. However, due to a high patial heterogeneity of urban air temperature, point-based meteorological observation is unable to fully represent the whole city. In this paper, a new method based on satellite LST (Land Surface Temperature) product is proposed. First, MODIS/LST product (MOD11A2) and meteorological data during 2000-2010 for the 31 big cities are collected, and tree ensemble algorithm is used to build air temperature estimation models for each city. Then the model is applied to get spatially continuous air temperature and the urban regional mean temperature is calculated. Through analyzing the frequency of extreme hot days (regional mean temperature is greater than 35°C), we find out that the top 4 hottest cities are Changsha, Chongqing, Fuzhou, and Hangzhou. The list is slightly different from the one based on meteorological data. LST product quality, model accuracy, the length of data series and other factors have an impact on the result. The satellite-based method can represent the whole big city well and the spatial detail of hot degree within a city can also be characterized. More comprehensive criteria are needed to improve the new method.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84906259658","10.1111/1365-2656.12229","2014-01-01","Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: Individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability","Understanding the demographic response of free-living animal populations to different drivers is the first step towards reliable prediction of population trends. Penguins have exhibited dramatic declines in population size, and many studies have linked this to bottom-up processes altering the abundance of prey species. The effects of individual traits have been considered to a lesser extent, and top-down regulation through predation has been largely overlooked due to the difficulties in empirically measuring this at sea where it usually occurs. For 10 years (2003-2012), macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) were marked with subcutaneous electronic transponder tags and re-encountered using an automated gateway system fitted at the entrance to the colony. We used multistate mark-recapture modelling to identify the different drivers influencing survival rates and a sensitivity analysis to assess their relative importance across different life stages. Survival rates were low and variable during the fledging year (mean = 0·33), increasing to much higher levels from age 1 onwards (mean = 0·89). We show that survival of macaroni penguins is driven by a combination of individual quality, top-down predation pressure and bottom-up environmental forces. The relative importance of these covariates was age specific. During the fledging year, survival rates were most sensitive to top-down predation pressure, followed by individual fledging mass, and finally bottom-up environmental effects. In contrast, birds older than 1 year showed a similar response to bottom-up environmental effects and top-down predation pressure. We infer from our results that macaroni penguins will most likely be negatively impacted by an increase in the local population size of giant petrels. Furthermore, this population is, at least in the short term, likely to be positively influenced by local warming. More broadly, our results highlight the importance of considering multiple causal effects across different life stages when examining the survival rates of seabirds.  on behalf of British Ecological Society.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84939553059","10.1111/eulj.12104","2014-01-01","Judicialisation of Trade Policy and the Impact on National Constitutional Rights of EU Free Trade Agreements with Partner Countries in Europe","This article looks at the way in which the model of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) as a trade policy actor, both internally and externally, has been emulated by courts of European states with a free trade agreement with the Union. It examines in particular how, through application or rejection of-deference or defence to-EU law as interpreted by the ECJ, those courts have sought to balance the benefits of open international trade with the protection of domestic fundamental constitutional values. The article concludes by emphasising how the 'de-politicisation' of trade policy through its concomitant judicialisation has allowed such courts to seise upon a role in trade policy determination, enabling them to become actors in the process of determining the rate and extent to which the Europeanisation of trade law occurs in their national systems.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84897933947","10.1111/liv.12467","2014-01-01","Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the United States: Some remaining obstacles","Hepatitis C infection is an important problem in inner city neighbourhoods, which suffer from multiple health disparities. Important factors in this population include alcoholism and substance abuse, mental illness and homelessness, which may be combined with mistrust, poor health literacy, limited access to healthcare and outright discrimination. Systemic barriers to effective care include a lack of capacity to provide comprehensive care, insufficient insurance coverage, poor coordination among caregivers and between caregivers and hospitals, as well as third party payers. These barriers affect real world treatment effectiveness as opposed to treatment efficacy, the latter reflecting the world of clinical trials. The components of effectiveness include efficacious medications, appropriate diagnosis and evaluation, recommendation for therapy, access to therapy, acceptance of the diagnosis and its implications by the patient and adherence to the recommended therapy. Very little attention has been given to assisting the patient to accept the diagnosis and adhere to therapy, i.e. care coordination. For this reason, care coordination is an area in which greater availability could lead to greater acceptance/adherence and greater treatment effectiveness. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84896993821","10.1126/science.1246848","2014-01-01","Iron fertilization of the subantarctic ocean during the last ice age","John H. Martin, who discovered widespread iron limitation of ocean productivity, proposed that dust-borne iron fertilization of Southern Ocean phytoplankton caused the ice age reduction in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). In a sediment core from the Subantarctic Atlantic, we measured foraminifera-bound nitrogen isotopes to reconstruct ice age nitrate consumption, burial fluxes of iron, and proxies for productivity. Peak glacial times and millennial cold events are characterized by increases in dust flux, productivity, and the degree of nitrate consumption; this combination is uniquely consistent with Subantarctic iron fertilization. The associated strengthening of the Southern Ocean's biological pump can explain the lowering of CO2 at the transition from mid-climate states to full ice age conditions as well as the millennial-scale CO2 oscillations.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84925295307","10.1149/06136.0023ecst","2014-01-01","Electrical properties of lanthanum silicate apatite electrolytes prepared by an innovative chemical route","cm-1) comparable with samples from literature prepared by sol-gel and freeze drying methods and sintered at 1500 °C. The results in the present study demonstrate that the co-precipitation method combined with a solgel approach is a promising alternative route to synthesize lanthanum silicate powders.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84908670708","10.1177/0002716214546989","2014-01-01","Intervention and State-Building: Comparative Lessons from Japan, Iraq, and Afghanistan","Since 2001, international attention has focused on the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, and specifically on the question of whether external intervention can assist weak or fragile states in successfully making the transition to stable democracies. This article analyzes the U.S. occupations of Japan beginning in 1945, Afghanistan beginning in 2001, and Iraq beginning in 2003, and uses these cases to review and critique the literature on why some interventions have been more successful than others in building robust and effective state institutions. The comparative analysis suggests that external interveners face substantial barriers to state-building in circumstances that lack favorable domestic preconditions. The United States has been more successful when preserving existing state capacity than when attempting to build state strength where it did not previously exist.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84903955540","10.1177/1464993414521526","2014-01-01","Foreign aid, legal origin, economic growth and Africa's least developed countries","The issue of foreign aid dependency in Africa remains controversial among policymakers. The Euro zone, which provides the bulk of foreign aid to developing countries, is currently implementing some austerity programmes. Consequently, this study investigates what really matters; the quantity or quality of foreign aid to support economic growth of Africa's least developed countries. We assess these issues within a country's legal origin framework. Our findings suggest that both quantity and quality of aid matters and that growth-enhancing effects of aid are more likely to be present in the former British colonies regardless of sample and model specification. ",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84906764624","10.1201/b17134-22","2014-01-01","Hydropeaking and fish migration-consequences and possible mitigation measures at the Schiffenen Dam","This paper present ecological remediation measures at Schiffenen dam in Switzerland, for hydropeaking with a peak flow of 135 m3/s during turbine operation and a residual flow of 5 m3/s. The remediation aims to reduce short-term artificial changes in the water flow, to reduce velocity of water level changes in the river and to improve the ecological aspects of the downstream section. For the fish migration, the proposed and discussed solutions are: migration canal, bypass stream, fish lift and fish pass. These solutions are discussed based on hydraulic, economic, environmental and restoration considerations. Rehabilitation processes such as bed enlargement, gravel bank establishment or wildlife protection are proposed jointly to the constructive solutions. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84929401869","10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2014.12.008","2014-01-01","Multi-agent system based dynamic game model of smart distribution network containing multi-microgrid","Combining microgrids into a smart distribution network is beneficial to increase the utilization of clean energy and reduce the negative impact brought by the fluctuation of source and load. But the dispatch problem among microgrids is difficult to optimize directly because of it's non-cooperative characteristics. In view of this, the framework of smart distribution network dynamic game is designed based on multi-agent system. Firstly, according to the energy using ways and belongings, the two stage rapid dispatching model of smart distribution network is built based on price difference and time sequential weight. Then, with the considering of the randomness of clean energy, the maximum-bidding-risk-proportion based electricity bidding model and the minimum-operation-cost based electricity price bidding model are established. Finally the simulation platform of dynamic game is developed based on multi-agent system, and simulation results of a variety of operation strategies proved the effectiveness of the proposed rapid dispatching and dynamic game model.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84906330819","10.1505/146554814812572502","2014-01-01","Barriers to VPA implementation: A case study of cameroon's private forestry sector","SUMMARY The development and operationalization of timber tracing and legality verification systems are an important objective of FLEGT (Forest Law Enforcement Governance and Trade) Voluntary Partnership Agreements (VPAs). These systems are developed at the national level in order to ensure that all relevant timber circulating in the country meets the legality requirements agreed upon in the VPA. To date, no country that has signed a VPA has fully implemented these VPA systems. Using a qualitative methodological approach, this paper explores the perceived barriers to VPA implementation according to Cameroon's private forestry sector. The paper applies an analytical framework for forest rule compliance in order to better understand the institutional and individual constraints facing VPA implementation. The study identifies the following barriers to VPA implementation in Cameroon: corruption, informal nature of domestic sector, non-sensitive timber demand, technicalities of VPA/LAS, high cost of legality and lack of awareness on the part of the private sector.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84911454205","10.1590/S0101-41612014000400002","2014-01-01","Kids at risk: Children’s employment in hazardous occupations in Brazil","While the literature on child labor in Brazil is large, it is not comprehensive: in particular, there are few studies on children’s work in risky occupations, and those that exist tend to be qualitative and based on limited samples. In this paper, we aim to paint a broader picture of children’s engagement in risky labor force work, based on quantitative evidence from PNAD data. We document associations between parental characteristics and children’s work, using both descriptive statistics and multivariate modeling to understand the determinants of child participation in risky labor force work. Brazilian children engaged in risky occupations are less likely than other employed children to be enrolled in school, and more likely to work long hours and experience a variety of working conditions that may be unsafe. Parental education, indicators of household wealth and owning a family farm are particularly strongly associated with the incidence of risky work among children, and girls are over-represented in risky jobs due to their work in domestic service.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84893360875","10.19026/rjaset.7.375","2014-01-01","An overview of interchanges and ramps in case of Sabzevar","Due to increase of the urbanization and raising the number of the vehicles road traffic incident and delay time in traffic jam are the main concern of countries in all over the world. Due to this problem drivers face an elevated crash risk especially when drivers on freeway ramp interchanges compared with other sections of freeways. The definition of ramp was based on the type and number of lanes used by traffic to freeways. The vehicle accidents are prevalent on highway ramps because of over-speeding, related to the characteristics and circumstances of ramps. Site survey and observation has been done for each location to identify the road condition, adjacent environment and vehicle operations. SPSS is used to analysis the accidents that they are collected data from case study. Descriptive analyses are performed by output of the analyzing data of accident. Differences in accident rates are due to driver behavior, weather potential safety issues were identified at interchanges. Ramps are scheduled for auditing based on descending road speed limits. ",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84894077639","10.2174/15748847113086660071","2014-01-01","Non-Pharmacological treatments in autism spectrum disorders: An overview on early interventions for pre-schoolers","This paper evaluates the current literature on non-pharmacological early interventions (behavior behavioral, developmental and educational approaches) for pre-schoolers (aged 24-71 months) with autism spectrum disorders. Although there lies a significant heterogeneity among the available studies, the present review emphasizes the importance of considering the wide range of interventions through behavioral (behavioral or developmental interventions) and educational continuum according to the suggestions of the recent literature in this field. Furthermore, the present review: 1) outlines the issues about the scientific validity of the treatment outcome studies; 2) describes the findings of different parent-mediated interventions; 3) highlights the importance to use the same outcome measures through the studies to compare findings of different literature contributions; and 4) focuses on the importance to consider pre-treatment variables to identify children who will have better outcomes. Furthermore, some evidence-based guidelines about clinical management and treatment have also been outlined and summarized in this review. Finally, the review concludes on providing a number of practical recommendations to clinicians working in the field suggesting both the presence of a specialized team and role of an active collaboration of the family to treatment as core milestones for the clinical management. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84912567564","10.2514/6.2014-3554","2014-01-01","Hallenge of rural electrification: IEEE community solutions initiative in Africa","The challenge of meeting the UN “Sustainability for All” target date of 2030 for universal electricity access for the over 1.3 billion people presently lacking connection to any grid is examined in terms of the economic hurdles that require addressing. While the task has been split between approaches such as grid extension, micro-grids, and off-grid approaches, it is in rural areas where 84% of those lacking access to any electricity that micro-grid and off-grid approaches are most appropriate. A range of devices and approaches have been developed to provide varying levels of electricity service at this rural level, with the IEEE community-based village micro-grid approach filling an important gap between low illumination portable solar lights, and more expensive home-based solar-powered systems or community micro-grids. The challenge of economic sustainability is shown to be met by the IEEE approach, in contrast to the plethora of grant-based approaches. An examination is made of the dimensions of energy poverty and the particular role of electricity in stimulating human and economic development as specified in the Millennium Development Goals, at residential and community levels. The effects of electricity on income growth as well as human welfare and development are assessed quantitatively and financially as much as possible, with an eye to making such challenging rural infrastructure investing more attractive. An assessment of the scope of the financial task and opportunities for travelling the path of increasing levels of energy access is also considered. Recent developments in the US with the passage of the Power Africa Act of 2013, as well as the Electrify Africa and Energize Africa bills in the US Congress in 2014 are also presented as instrumental.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84908170696","10.3305/nh.2014.30.2.7373","2014-01-01","Anthropometric indicators of nutritional status and growth in very low birth-weight premature infants hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit Indicadores antropométricos del estado nutricio y crecimiento en prematuro de muy bajo peso al nacer hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos","Background: Anthropometric indicators are difficult to interpret in very low birth weight (VLBW) premature infants, including both appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Therefore, the purpose was to describe the anthropometric indicators of growth and nutritional status in VLBW premature infants AGA and SGA, hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Study design: The descriptive and prospective study design included 114 preterm infants, adequate for gestational age/small for gestational age hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Head, thigh, mid upper arm circumference, skin-fold measurements and weight/age, length/ age, and weight/length indices were obtained. Correlations were made among the anthropometric indices, and a multivariate regression analysis with weight/age as dependent variable was performed. Results: Weight/age in AGA premature infants had high number of significant anthropometric correlations. The SGA premature infants had few and weak correlations. The regression analysis showed that anthropometric indices better explain changes in the weight/age index in adequate for gestational age premature infants. Conclusion: Weight/age in the VLBW/AGA premature infants could reflect growth, nutritional status and energy stored as fat, but in the VLBW/SGA premature infants, thigh circumference and mid arm circumference would be better indicators just of nutritional status.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84916604169","10.3724/SP.J.1145.2014.03013","2014-01-01","Characterization of reduction of hexavalent chromium by Exiguobacterium sp. MH3","The hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is the most toxic and soluble form of chromium, thus the main contaminant. The reduction of Cr(VI) to the much less toxic Cr(III) by microorganisms is an economical and effective method to treat Cr(VI). In this work, we studied the ability and characteristics of Exiguobacterium sp. MH3 isolated from the rhizosphere of a duckweed Lemna minor in Cr(VI) reduction. We measured the tolerance of MH3 to Cr(VI) in LB or M9 medium; the removal rate of Cr(VI) was analyzed in LB medium under different Cr(VI) concentrations. The concentrations of total Cr and Cr(VI) were measured to determine the mechanism of Cr(VI) removal. In addition, we studied the effects of pH, additional carbon sources, and coexisting ions on the reduction of Cr(VI). Exiguobacterium sp. MH3 was able to completely remove mg L-1 Cr(VI) in LB medium in 12 h, and 15 mg L-1 in 36 h. The reaction was mostly due to reduction of Cr(VI) since the total concentration of Cr was stable with Cr(VI) decreasing. Both the supernatant of the culture and the extraction of MH3 showed reduction of Cr(VI). The optimal pH of the reduction was determined as 7.0. Extra carbon sources including mannitol, glucose, and sucrose could promote Cr(VI) reduction, so could Cu2+. In contrast, Zn2+, Mn2+, and Cd2+ inhibited the growth MH3 and reduction of Cr(VI). PO43- was also able to promote the growth of MH3 and the removal of Cr(VI). These results indicated that Exiguobacterium sp. MH3 removes Cr(VI) with very little biosorption of Cr by reduction, most probably through secreted enzymes. It is an effective Cr(VI) reducing bacterium, and should have great potential in treating Cr(VI)-containing wastewaters, particularly in settings with additional carbon source and/or coexisting Cu2+.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84907961641","10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2014.09.026","2014-01-01","Analysis of health inequity of urban and rural residents in Chongqing","Objective: To understand the basic health condition of urban and rural residents in Chongqing and its influencing factors and to analyze the health inequity. Methods: Demographic characteristics, two-week prevalence, chronic illness prevalence, and poor perceived health prevalence were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the effects of gender, age, education degree, income, medical insurance, and urban and rural area effects on the health of residents. The health inequity was evaluated according to the concentration index (CI) of controlled variables and health inequity index (HII). Results: The demographic characteristics and health condition of urban and rural residents were different. Factors that influenced the health were gender, age, education degree, income, medical insurance, urban area, and rural area. The HII scores of two-week prevalence, chronic illness prevalence, and poor perceived health prevalence of rural residents were above 0.1. The HII scores of two-week prevalence and chronic illness prevalence of urban residents were above 0.1 and the HII of poor perceived health prevalence was under 0.1. Conclusion: Health inequity exists between urban residents and rural residents. The influencing factors of health inequity are education degree, income, and medical insurance. The comprehensive evaluation result of HII is ideal.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84915819616","10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.644-650.6114","2014-01-01","The benefit analysis of applications of alternative energy in small public transportation system","As the world's biggest energy consumer and the world's first car production and marketing country, car exhaust emissions have become an important cause of serious environmental pollution. The paper calculates the life cycle costs of HEB, BEB, and CDB by the life cycle cost model considering the environmental benefits in the case of small public transportation system being the big scenarios. The paper takes the capital airport shuttle bus system as an example, analyzing applications of alternative energy in the system, thus providing evidence for applications of alternative energy in a small public transportation system, improving continuously the proportion of electric energy in the consumption of end-use energy, promoting social energy conservation and mitigating environmental pollution problems.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84897759968","10.4038/sljch.v43i1.6656","2014-01-01","Perceptions of postgraduate trainees in paediatrics on the educational environment at Lady Ridgeway children's hospital Colombo","Introduction: The importance of the educational environment /climate is well recognised and believed to affect not only academic progress but also professional behaviour and career commitment. This paper describes the perceptions of postgraduates preparing to sit their exit examination in general paediatrics at Lady Ridgeway Hospital (LRH). This is an important training centre because all paediatricians-in-training in Sri Lanka compulsorily undergo one year of training at this hospital. Objective: To evaluate the perception of postgraduate trainees on the learning environment at LRH Study design: A cross-sectional, descriptive study Study sample: Trainees who had undergone nine or more months of training at LRH but had not yet sat the end of course examination Method: Ethical approval was obtained from Ethics Review Committee of Faculty of Medicine Colombo. This study was carried out in 2009-2010 using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure, a validated tool for evaluating an educational environment/climate. Trainees were asked to fill in the 50 statement inventory by responding anonymously on a 5 point Likert-type scoring scale. The instrument measured the personal, interpersonal and organizational domains of their own learning situations in five important aspects of education: perception of learning, perception of course organizers / teachers, perception of atmosphere, academic self-perception and social self-perception. Results: Number of respondents was 46. Response rate was over 95%. Overall mean score was 104 (range 78-158). In the individual subsets academic self-perception and perception of teachers / course organizers were 'more positive than negative' in the majority. Perception of course organizers was viewed negatively by one fifth (21%). Social self perception scored the lowest. Sixty seven percent thought with regard to their personal social lives they were in an environment that was not nice or miserable. Conclusions: Majority of postgraduate trainees perceived the learning environment at LRH positively but 67% had a negative perception regarding their personal social lives.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85085816270","10.4324/9780203587898-22","2014-01-01","Voices of older women from Germany","As in most other countries, female labour force participation in Germany has grown significantly in the last forty years. This increase from 47 per cent in 1971 to 71 per cent in 2011 (Bundesagentur für Arbeit 2012) can be considered as one major reason for the significant restructuring of the German labour market during this period. Two characteristic features contribute towards upholding Germany’s distinctive labour market segmentation by gender: first, the specific connection between skills formation and labour market resulting from the German dual system of vocational education and training; and second, the prevalence of the male breadwinner model that makes it likely for women to remain the secondary wage earner (BMFSFJ 2011). These two factors, in combination with conservative family policies, perpetuate female labour market discrimination in Germany despite many favourable developments during recent decades that have allowed women to play a prominent role in today’s labour market.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84958256557","10.4337/9781783475063.00012","2014-01-01","Private urban planning and free enterprise","According to that old aphorism, started by New York City mayor Fiorello LaGuardia, ‘there is no Republican or Democratic way to pick up the garbage’ (Halbur, 2011; McManus, 2011; Moore, 2013; Wolf, 2007). Even on its own grounds, this is obviously false. For the Democratic way to remove waste is different than the Republican, and both diverge from the Libertarian. In the former case, the way to do so is via a fully unionized workforce, with high salaries and stupendous fringe benefits. In the middle case, this can be accomplished by contracting out, with niggardly salaries, since the GOP (the Republican Party is commonly known as the Grand Old Party, or GOP) is supposed to be comprised of cheapskates. As for the latter, the Libertarians go even further in the direction of private enterprise: There is virtually no city government at all, and households and businesses hire waste removal enterprises on their own, cutting out the political middleman. But sanitation is only the tip of the iceberg. What this aphorism really means is that while there may well be differences regarding national and international economic policies, the same does not apply to local or urban ones. There, central planning is embraced by all; there really is no alternative option.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84924404446","10.5751/ES-06944-190436","2014-01-01","Meeting institutional criteria for social resilience: A nested risk system model","Communities of Alaska’s North Slope face increased stresses from cumulative effects of industrial development, resource use, and changing cryospheric and socioeconomic conditions. Given these multiple pressures, what avenues exist for citizens and decision makers to exchange knowledge about impacts of oil resource extraction in Alaska, and how do the successes and failures of knowledge exchange affect the resilience of the local social ecological system? We focused our research on the risk management process of Alaska North Slope oil resources, drawing on literature that has grown out of the risk society thesis and concepts of resilience science. We surveyed state and federal initiatives designed to increase local and indigenous stakeholder engagement in science and policy issues because such guidelines and regulations impact on the abilities of local peoples and communities to adapt sustainability strategies. Perceived risks and desired outcomes of stakeholders on the front lines of climate change and resource development should inform regulations that aim to anticipate future impacts and needed adaptation strategies. Integration of local values and perceptions in an adaptive risk management approach is fundamental in resilience-based ecosystem stewardship. The three case studies we have presented show that current provisions fail to equitably include the local and indigenous knowledge of Alaska’s North Slope Borough communities in environmental risk mediation in proportion to the scope of risks inherent in current oil development policies. Our findings underscore the need for new, proactive risk management strategies that build on local stakeholders’ rationalities on the trade-offs of risks and opportunities.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84938232085","10.7158/S13-042.2014.15.4","2014-01-01","Durability performance of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer strengthened circular hollow steel members under cold weather","The use of circular hollow steel members has attracted a great deal of attention during past few years because of having excellent structural properties, aesthetic appearance, corrosion and fi re protection capability. However, no one can deny the structural defi ciency of such structures due to reduction of strength when they are exposed to severe environmental conditions such as marine environment, cold and hot weather. Hence strengthening and retrofi tting of structural steel members is now very imperative. This paper presents the fi ndings of a research program that was conducted to study the bond durability of carbon fi bre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthened steel tubular members under cold weather and tested under four-point bending. Six number of CFRP-strengthened specimens and one unstrengthened specimen were considered in this program. The three specimens having sand blasted surface to be strengthened was pre-treated with MBrace primer and other three were remained untreated and then cured under ambient temperature at least four weeks and cold weather (3 °C) for three and six months period of time. Quasi-static tests were then performed on beams to failure under four-point bending. The structural response of each specimen was predicted in terms of failure load, mid-span defl ection, composite beam behaviour and failure mode. The research outcomes show that the cold weather immersion had an adverse effect on durability of CFRP-strengthened steel structures. Moreover, the epoxy based adhesion promoter was found to enhance the bond durability in plastic range. The analytical models presented in this study were found to be in good agreement in terms of predicting ultimate load and defl ection. Finally, design factors are proposed to address the short-terms durability performance under cold weather.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84891688087","10.1139/cjfas-2012-0510","2014-01-10","Cryptic population structure in the severely depleted cowcod, Sebastes levis","Cowcod (Sebastes levis) is a member of a northeastern Pacific Ocean species flock that experienced extensive fishery exploitation. Factors that could produce structure in cowcod include a major biogeographic boundary within cowcod's geographical distribution; severe declines in abundance, potentially, resulting in reductions in effective population size and divergence owing to genetic drift; and dependence on patchily distributed habitat.Weexamine the following two questions: (i) is there subdivision present and, if so, is it concordant with the two marine biogeographic regions separated by Point Conception, and (ii) have cowcod experienced loss of genetic variation owing to population size reduction? Coarse-scale genetic and otolith analyses indicated regional structure across Point Conception. However, analysis of 24 microsatellite DNA loci revealed as many as three cryptic, divergent lineages (FCT = 0.194) that meet south of Point Conception. The two southern lineages had higher growth rate than the northerly distributed lineage. In general, cowcod is the least genetically diverse of ~10 rockfishes surveyed with the same markers, but the recent substantial declines in abundance were not reflected by recent genetic bottleneck analyses.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84957942228","10.3846/20294913.2013.880086","2014-01-28","Skills mismatch and wage inequality: Evidence for different countries in Europe","This paper studies the relationship between mismatch between workers’ skills and labour market requirements throughout different European Countries. It reports evidence that in several countries, over-skilled people tend to have a wage penalty and under-skilled people tend to have a premium. Interestingly, despite the typical effects of education, tenure, experience, and gender in wages being very similar, the effects of mismatch between skills and labour market requirements differ considerably across the wage distribution and the European Countries.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84892963586","10.1016/j.energy.2013.11.077","2014-02-01","Macro economic impact, reduction of fee deficit and profitability of a sustainable transport model based on electric mobility. Case study: City of León (Spain)","The Spanish economy faces two key issues. The first of these is the significant reliance on non-renewable energy, which reached 76.4% and was 22 points over the European Union average. Secondly, the threat that the fee deficit poses to the sustainability of the National Grid. This fact is forcing the Spanish Government to implement measures focused on tax increases. However, these decisions have done little to contain the situation. This paper proposes the use of sustainable transport models based on electric mobility: smart grids, buses, taxis and electric vehicles, in the city of León, Spain (135,059 inhabitants) as an important means for controlling and reducing the fee deficit. Through exhaustive analysis of EV (electric vehicle) market penetration against current Government forecasts, a rigorous profitability study has been conducted for the period 2020-2030 (when smart grids will be ready). By introducing policy modifications, the Net Actual Value internal rate of return and payback figures justify its implementation. Thus, the fee deficit of León could be reduced by up to 43%. Finally, an analysis of macroeconomic impacts, such as competitive improvements in the economy, and environmental impact is conducted. .",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84892490765","10.1177/1532708613507887","2014-02-01","Atrocity and aporiae: Teaching the abu ghraib images, teaching against transparency","In this article, I consider the practice of teaching with or about the Abu Ghraib images, and argue that such pedagogy is inherently founded on ethical and visual aporiae: dilemmas that are irresolvable but nonetheless demand solutions. These aporiae originate in the inseparability of the torture from its being photographed, as the images are documentary evidence of that violence, but also instruments of it. Because the idea of transparency underestimates the complexities of the visual questions posed by Abu Ghraib and misleadingly implies that they can be satisfactorily and permanently answered, I suggest that the first step for any ethical teaching on Abu Ghraib is to query transparency itself and dispense with its concomitant pedagogical emphasis on cultivating visual literacy in our students and empowering them to critically decode images. Because our students are already so much more powerful than the subjects of the Abu Ghraib photos, I argue instead for an emphasis on self-reflexivity, visual epistemologies, and the politics of spectatorship. This shift has the potential to illuminate our enmeshment in state visualities and our vexed relationships to the tortured prisoners themselves, rather than forcibly rendering them visible and transparent once again, this time in the name of education. ",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84894271720","10.11646/zootaxa.3765.2.3","2014-02-17","Nematodes from terrestrial, freshwater and brackish water habitats in Belgium: An updated list with special emphasis on compost nematodes","A study of nematodes from a semi-artificial and controlled composting process in Eastern Flanders revealed 35 taxa, 21 of which were new records for Belgium. An updated checklist of free-living, plant-parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes from terrestrial, freshwater and brackish water habitats in Belgium is presented. The Belgian non-marine nematofauna comprises 418 taxa, representing 4 subclasses, 14 orders, and 76 families. In total 127 new records were added: i.e. 21 from the newly explored compost habitat, 7 from freshwater samples and 99 from published data in literature. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84893816150","10.1007/s00606-013-0891-x","2014-03-01","Pros and cons of using genomic SSRs and EST-SSRs for resolving phylogeny of the genus Gossypium","The genus Gossypium is comprised of 50 diverse cotton species representing eight different genomes (A through G and K), however, phylogenetic relationship using various DNA marker types such as RAPD and SSRs was determined on limited number of cotton species. In this report, we have demonstrated the application of genomic SSRs (gSSRs) and EST-SSRs, and after combining both the data sets, for resolving the phylogenies of 36 cotton species including seven races. Out of the 100 primer pairs surveyed (50 for gSSRs and 50 for EST-SSRs), 75 produced scorable amplification products in all species. Out of these, 73 were found to be polymorphic and amplified 135 alleles ranging from 1 to 5 alleles per SSR marker (average 2.87 alleles per marker). The gSSRs amplified higher number of alleles (72) compared to the EST-SSRs (63). In total 22 highly informative SSRs with PIC values ≥0.5 were identified. Genomic SSRs containing di-while EST-SSRs containing tri-nucleotide repeats exhibited high polymorphism compared to the other nucleotide repeats containing gSSRs/EST-SSRs. Number of tandem repeats and polymorphism were positively correlated. Neither the type of chromosome nor the location of the SSRs showed association with the polymorphism. Gossypium herbaceum var. africanum (Watt) Hutch. ex and Ghose and Gossypium robinsonii F. Muell. were found the most genetically diverse, while among races of Gossypium hirsutum L. yucatanense and G. hirsutum punctatum were found genetically diverse. Of the three data sets, clustering analysis based on EST-SSRs and combined data sets, revealed parallel results reported in earlier studies. This study further confirmed that Gossypium darwinii Watt has close relationship with Gossypium barbadense L. Moreover, Gossypium raimondii Ulbr. and G. herbaceum/Gossypium arboreum L. are close living relatives of the ancestor allotetraploid species. Our studies suggest that for resolving phylogenetic relationship among the various plant species EST-SSRs could be a better choice. This information can be instrumental in transferring novel alleles or loci from the wild species into the cultivated cotton species which would set a stage for cultivating genetically diverse cultivars-a way to achieve sustainable cotton production in changing climate. ",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84890860600","10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.010","2014-03-01","Land Tenure and Tropical Forest Carbon Management","This essay introduces five papers investigating land tenure issues related to conserving tropical forests via incentive-based strategies (e.g., PES, REDD+). After briefly reviewing key terms and concepts, we point to important contributions from the papers regarding (a) a deeper theoretical and empirical understanding of the relationship between land tenure and forest outcomes, and (b) policy lessons from early efforts to address tenure in sites targeted for forest carbon projects. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84898021844","10.1186/1471-2458-14-225","2014-03-05","Faith and HIV prevention: The conceptual framing of HIV prevention among Pentecostal Batswana teenagers","Background: There is a huge interest by faith-based organizations (FBOs) in sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere in HIV prevention interventions that build on the religious aspects of being. Successful partnerships between the public health services and FBOs will require a better understanding of the conceptual framing of HIV prevention by FBOS to access for prevention intervention, those concepts the churches of various denominations and their members would support or endorse. This study investigated the conceptual framing of HIV prevention among church youths in Botswana; - a country with one of the highest HIV prevalence in the world. Method. Participants were 213 Pentecostal church members (67% female; age range 12 to 23 years; median age = 19 years). We engaged the participants in a mixed-method inductive process to collect data on their implicit framing of HIV prevention concepts, taking into account the centrality of religion concepts to them and the moderating influences of age, gender and sexual experience. After, we analysed the data using multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) to map the ways the church youths framed HIV prevention. Results: The findings suggest the church youth to conceptually frame their HIV prevention from both faith-oriented and secular-oriented perspectives, while prioritizing the faith-oriented concepts based on biblical teachings and future focus. In their secular-oriented framing of HIV prevention, the church youths endorsed the importance to learn the facts about HIV and AIDS, understanding of community norms that increased risk for HIV and prevention education. However, components of secular-oriented framing of HIV prevention concepts were comparatively less was well differentiated among the youths than with faith-oriented framing, suggesting latent influences of the church knowledge environment to undervalue secular oriented concepts. Older and sexually experienced church youths in their framing of HIV prevention valued future focus and prevention education less than contrasting peer cohorts, suggesting their greater relative risk for HIV infection. Conclusion: A prospective HIV prevention intervention with the Pentecostal church youths would combine both faith and secular informed concepts. It also would need to take into account the ways in which these youth interpret secular-oriented health concepts in the context of their religious beliefs. .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,
"2-s2.0-84897855190","10.1163/18763316-04101005","2014-03-27","The pastoral dilemma: Clerical mutual aid and famine relief during russia's crop failure of 1905","The clerical estate (soslovie) of late Imperial Russia was legally segregated from the rest of the population, subject to separate systems of education, justice, taxation, and access to employment. The state permitted participation in free associations within the clerical soslovie in order to encourage the practice of mutual aid among clergymen and their families. By the late nineteenth century, the parish clergy had begun to use these mutual-aid associations to provide education, charity, and disaster relief to the non-clerical communities on which they and their families depended for tithes. By using their own mutual-aid networks as tools of pastoral work, the parish clergy expanded those networks, in terms of both beneficiaries and participants, beyond the limits of the clerical soslovie. Key reforms of the diocesan structure in 1905 both loosened central control over the clerical networks and authorized the direct participation of non-clergy in their work. The associations of the parish clergy thus obtained unprecedented independence and social integration at the moment when they were confronted with the humanitarian disaster of 1905. Focusing on the dioceses of Moscow and Tver, this article examines the parish clergy's use of their own soslovie networks to provide famine relief to fellow clerics and the general population between 1905 and 1909. This famine relief campaign demonstrated the independence and initiative of voluntary associations in late Imperial Russia. It also revealed the potential for cooperation and social integration among seemingly disparate communities, even within the divisive framework of the soslovie system. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84893503129","10.1080/15324982.2013.819824","2014-04-01","Diurnal Fluctuation of Groundwater Levels Caused by the Invasive Alien Mesquite Plant","Invasive alien plants such as mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) alter patterns of groundwater uptake. We measured the groundwater level beneath a mesquite stand in an arid area in Sudan. The changes in groundwater level closely followed plant water uptake. The groundwater level started to decline a few hours before sunrise, recovered around noon, and then continued to decline until a few hours after sunset, before recovering again during the night. Thus, groundwater level showed two peaks: just before sunrise and around midday. The midday recovery was due to the depression of photosynthesis by heat and light. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84899458091","10.7860/JCDR/2014/8094.4290","2014-04-15","Quality theory paper writing for medical examinations","Aim & Objectives: Developing a tactful paper writing skill, through delivery and depiction of the necessary expressions required for in standard or superior essay writing. Understanding relevance and tact of theoretical expression in exam paper writing Learning Indices of standard or quality theory/essay answer (SAQ/LAQ). Applying knowledge and skill gained through these theory writing exercises and assignments to achieve high or better scores in examinations Methods and Materials:The study subjects were divided into two groups- Group A (17 students) and Group B students (10students). The students were selected from II M.B.B.S 4th term. Students of Group A were sensitized on how to write a theory paper and went through 4 phases namely pre-sensitization test, sensitization (imparting them with skills of good theory paper writing through home assignments and deliberations/ guidance), post-sensitization test and Evaluation. Students of Group A (17 students) undertook theory tests (twice, i.e. before and after sensitization) and Students of Group B (10 students) who were not sensitized and took the theory test with post sensitized Group A students (random 10 students). Both groups were given general pathology as the test syllabus, taught to both groups in didactic lectures during the last 6 months. The results of pre and Post-sensitization tests from both groups were analyzed. Intra group comparisons (pre sensitized Group A with Post sensitized Group A) and inter group comparisons (Non-sensitized group B with Sensitized Group A) were made. Results: Significant results were found between results of pre and Post-sensitization tests in Group A (intra group analysis) and inter group (Group A and B) Post-sensitization tests, as there was remarkable improvement in student theory paper writing skills post sensitizing the students of Group A. Conclusion: Medical students should be mandatorily guided and exposed to the nuances and tact of writing the theory paper for their examinations, as it definitely gives them better understanding of presentations ultimately improving their score in the theory exams.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84899891632","10.7227/RIE.91.1.1","2014-05-01","Utilisation of local inputs in the funding and administration of education in Nigeria","The article discussed how, why and who is in charge of administering and funding schools in Nigeria. The author utilised the relevant statistical approach which examined and discussed various political and historical trends affecting education. Besides this, relevant documented statistical data were used to both buttress and substantiate related school records to make the paper clearer. The paper focused on whether or not the presence of federal, states and local governments spending on education results in dominant control. Although the administrative control of education falls on the three tiers of government, the purse has direct control over the schools. The author concluded the paper with the assertion that there is need for a shift in the style of administration and funding. This is in compliance with Nigeria's recent democratic administrative principles which should reflect democratic values. Consequently, taxpayers would have more involvement in the schools, and it can also encourage the decentralisation of the school system. Finally, it can help remove the financial burden borne by the federal government while the burden shifts to the local government level. This means that both the administration and payment for education can lie on the people at the 'grassroots' and also grant more power to the people. ",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84930509765","10.1007/978-94-007-7015-7","2014-06-01","Jellyfish blooms","Jellyfish are one of the most conspicuous animals in our oceans and are renowned for their propensity to form spectacular blooms. The unique features of the biology and ecology of jellyfish that enable them to bloom also make them successful invasive species and, in a few places around the world, jellyfish have become problematic. As man increasingly populates the world's coastlines, interactions between humans and jellyfish are rising, often to the detriment of coastal-based industries such as tourism, fishing and power generation. However we must not lose sight of the fact that jellyfish have been forming blooms in the oceans for at least 500 million years, and are an essential component of normal, healthy ocean ecosystems. Here many of the world's leading jellyfish experts explore the science behind jellyfish blooms. We examine the unique features of jellyfish biology and ecology that cause populations to 'bloom and bust', and, using case studies, we show why jellyfish are important to coastal and ocean ecosystem function. We outline strategies coastal managers can use to mitigate the effects of blooms on coastal industries thereby enabling humans to coexist with these fascinating creatures. Finally we highlight how jellyfish benefit society; providing us with food and one of the most biomedically-important compounds discovered in the 20th century.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84902075173","10.4081/ijas.2014.3155","2014-06-14","Environmental sustainability of Alpine livestock farms","The 2006 FAO report concerning the environmental impact of the livestock sector has generated scientific debate, especially considering the context of global warming and the need to provide animal products to a growing world population. However, this sector differs widely in terms of environmental context, production targets, degree of intensification and cultural role. The traditional breeding systems in the Alps were largely based on the use of meadows and pastures and produced not only milk and meat but also other fundamental positive externalities and ecosystem services, such as conservation of genetic resources, water flow regulation, pollination, climate regulation, landscape maintenance, recreation and ecotourism and cultural heritage. In recent decades, the mountain livestock, mainly represented by dairy cattle, has been affected by a dramatic reduction of farms, a strong increase of animals per farm, an increase in indoor production systems, more extensive use of specialised non-indigenous cattle breeds and the increasing use of extra-farm concentrates instead of meadows and pastures for fodder. This paper firstly describes the livestock sector in the Italian Alps and analyses the most important factors affecting their sustainability. Secondly, it discusses the need to assess the ecosystem services offered by forage- based livestock systems in mountains with particular attention to greenhouse gas emission and its mitigation by carbon sequestration. In conclusion, comparison between the different elements of the environmental sustainability of mountain livestock systems must be based on a comprehensive overview of the relationships among animal husbandry, environment and socio-economic context.  Battaglini et al., 2014.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84929553843","10.1007/978-981-4585-39-2_9","2014-07-01","Cultural heritage practice through socially sustainable, adaptive re-use of industrial buildings: A Western Australian narrative","Conservation and heritage practice in Western Australia has been, and continues to be, primarily concerned with the recognition and retention of places that have cultural heritage significance on a local, national and international level. Their value lies in a desire by the community to preserve important buildings, their sites and their interiors that speak of the evolution of architectural styles and practices, provide evidence of the layers of human modification of the natural environment, and contribute to the richness of Western Australia's built and social history. Their ongoing use, either for their originally intended purpose or through adaptation for new use, is evidence of the sustainability of such places. One such place is the Midland Railway Workshops in Midland: a large complex of buildings, ancillary spaces, machinery and equipment, associated with the production and maintenance of rolling stock for the West Australian Government Railways system, which was vital to the ongoing growth and development of the State. The workshops were constructed from 1904 and remained in consistent use until the site's closure in 1994. The site is currently undergoing development for a variety of uses. A significant outcome of the changes in function of the Railway Workshops buildings is the gentrification of what was a noisy, crowded, dirty and, in some cases, dangerous industrial site. This chapter discusses this compromise as an alternative to the deterioration of places through lack of continued use, and argues that to do other than modify the buildings and their context would likely mean the permanent loss of a culturally significant site, and therefore the loss of its values, including its social sustainability to the local Midland community specifically, and the wider community of the state and nation generally.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84899533146","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.013","2014-07-15","A multi-taxon approach reveals the effect of management intensity on biodiversity in Alpine larch grasslands","In the Alps, larch grasslands form one of the most pleasing aspects of the landscape. However, their effectiveness in contributing to biodiversity conservation may depend on the intensity of their management. We used a multi-taxon approach to evaluate the effects of the intensification of management practices and those of abandonment on the biodiversity of the main autotrophic organisms hosted in this habitat, including vascular plants, bryophytes, and lichens. The study was carried out in the eastern part of South Tyrol, in the Italian Alps, where the diversity patterns of these three organismal groups were compared among intensively managed, extensively managed, and abandoned stands. The management intensity was found to strongly influence the biodiversity of the organisms, with a general pattern indicating the best conditions in extensively managed stands. Both abandonment and management intensification were detrimental to biodiversity through different mechanisms that led to species loss or to major shifts in species composition. However, the most negative effects were related to management intensification, mainly due to the high nitrogen supply, providing evidence for the increasing impact of eutrophication on Alpine environments. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84984579401","10.7226/jtfm.20.2.103","2014-08-01","Harvesting of non-timber forest products by the local communities in mount halimun-salak National Park, West Java, Indonesia","71%, respectively of the total household incomes. Community involvement in the collection of NTFPs in national parks implicated to the increasing of the forest communities revenue and the forests will be maintained since public can get benefits from forest resources. Forest management should be directed as a producer of NTFPs that can increase the economic income of forest communities with attention to ecological factors.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84912576152",,"2014-09-01","MSRM based energy efficient data reconstruction for wireless sensor network","With the advancements in wireless technology, mass production of low cost, small-sized sensor nodes has been realized. Monitoring of an environment for a longer time span is ultimate requisite for wireless sensor networks. Due to the fact that the sensor nodes are powered by finite energy source like battery, extending their lifetime is crucial in order to achieve long-term monitoring. In most of the environments sensor nodes are densely deployed for high tolerance to node failure and to achieve better coverage on region of interest. Lowering the sampling rates of sensor nodes can significantly reduce the nodal energy consumption and bandwidth requirement, which results in enhanced lifetime of the network and improved reliability of communication. The close proximity of sensor nodes results in the temporal and spatial correlation of sensory data that inspires the information-driven data gathering approaches for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The information driven data gathering reduces the sampling rate and improves energy efficiency at the cost of data accuracy with sparse samples. Here we propose a matrix based signal reconstruction methodology (MSRM) to retrieve the non-sampled data. Thus achieving optimal level of accuracy with significant energy conservation.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84904338711","10.1080/10739149.2013.803777","2014-09-02","Environmental safety of the use of major surfactant classes in North America","This paper brings together over 250 published and unpublished studies on the environmental properties, fate, and toxicity of the four major, high-volume surfactant classes and relevant feedstocks. The surfactants and feedstocks covered include alcohol sulfate or alcohol sulfate (AS), alcohol ethoxysulfate (AES), linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), alcohol ethoxylate (AE), and long-chain alcohol (LCOH). These chemicals are used in a wide range of personal care and cleaning products. To date, this is the most comprehensive report on these substance's chemical structures, use, and volume information, physical/chemical properties, environmental fate properties such as biodegradation and sorption, monitoring studies through sewers, wastewater treatment plants and eventual release to the environment, aquatic and sediment toxicity, and bioaccumulation information. These data are used to illustrate the process for conducting both prospective and retrospective risk assessments for large-volume chemicals and categories of chemicals with wide dispersive use. Prospective risk assessments of AS, AES, AE, LAS, and LCOH demonstrate that these substances, although used in very high volume and widely released to the aquatic environment, have no adverse impact on the aquatic or sediment environments at current levels of use. The retrospective risk assessments of these same substances have clearly demonstrated that the conclusions of the prospective risk assessments are valid and confirm that these substances do not pose a risk to the aquatic or sediment environments. This paper also highlights the many years of research that the surfactant and cleaning products industry has supported, as part of their environmental sustainability commitment, to improve environmental tools, approaches, and develop innovative methods appropriate to address environmental properties of personal care and cleaning product chemicals, many of which have become approved international standard methods. © 2014 ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84918581439","10.1109/biorob.2014.6913819","2014-09-30","Power Wheelchair Open Platform","Power wheelchairs have high costs in developing countries, making its access difficult to the physically impaired, its main target audience, and to groups that develop assistive technologies, such as researchers, independent developers and entrepreneurs. Free software and open hardware have been successfully used to bridge access gap in areas where cost was a problem, democratizing the innovation process. This paper presents an open hardware and software platform developed for power wheelchairs, which aims to contribute to research and development in this area and stimulate local industry to implement affordable assistive technologies. We believe this work can be used as model for future research on open electronics platforms.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84913607363","10.1111/1469-0691.12589","2014-10-01","Efficacy and safety of antiretrovirals in HIV-infected patients with cancer","001). Grade 3-4 adverse events were uncommon. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that INSTIs and NNRTIs were nine times (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4-50.8) and 11 times (95% CI, 1.9-64.7) more likely to be effective at 6 months, respectively, than PIs. This is the largest reported analysis studying different ARV regimens in HIV-infected cancer patients. Combinations that included PIs were the least favourable. NNRTIs and INSTIs had comparable efficacy, but INSTIs appeared to be the better tolerated ARVs in patients with HM or those receiving various chemotherapeutic agents.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84905574701","10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.044","2014-10-15","A novel life cycle impact assessment method on biomass residue harvesting reckoning with loss of biomass productivity","Second generation bioenergy such as cellulosic bioethanol is expected to become commercially available in the near future. Large scale production of this bioenergy will require secure and continuous supplies of raw materials. One promising source of materials is biomass residues that currently remain on the fields following harvest, a feedstock that does not compete with food. However, unsustainable removal of these residues may adversely affect soil quality and hamper future harvests. In order to assess this effect, an impact assessment method was developed within the life cycle assessment framework based on a specific system definition, i.e. decomposed biomass residues above soil surfaces resulted in net carbon flow into soil compartment. This soil organic carbon functions as an elementary flow to complete the overall carbon balance. The assessment method considers effects of soil organic carbon on soil biomass-productivity. This impact is expressed as loss of net primary production, a midpoint indicator. The impact assessment method follows the ISO-standard format, comprising a characterization factor and an input term representing changes in elementary flows. The operation of the proposed method was illustrated with a small case study. At 10% biomass removal, the impact is 7.16 g-carbon/m2.year loss in biomass productivity as compared to the undisturbed reference. We believe that the method has a good potential to be adopted and employed as metrics for assessing the sustainability of bioenergy systems, although data for spatially detailed implementation within bioenergy systems in various regions are to be supplemented. . All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84909986621","10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.10.007","2014-11-01","Feeding ecology of age-0 walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in the southeastern Bering Sea","Walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) are of particular economic and ecological importance in the southeastern Bering Sea. The spatial and temporal overlap of early life stages of both species may explain their strongly correlated recruitment trends. Pelagic larvae and juveniles were collected during four research cruises in May, July and September of 2008, an exceptionally cold year, and their stomach contents were examined. Feeding success and diet composition of walleye pollock and Pacific cod were consistently different in spring, summer, and fall. Pacific cod larvae and juveniles always consumed larger and progressively fewer prey items per stomach than walleye pollock; this difference was particularly pronounced in the fall. Our data suggest that co-occurring early life stages of walleye pollock and Pacific cod were dividing prey resources rather than competing for them, at least during the exceptionally cold conditions in 2008 in the southeastern Bering Sea.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84909594623","10.1073/pnas.1414873111","2014-11-11","Fallout plume of submerged oil from Deepwater Horizon","The sinking of the Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico led to uncontrolled emission of oil to the ocean, with an official government estimate of ∼5.0 million barrels released. Among the pressing uncertainties surrounding this event is the fate of ∼2 million barrels of submerged oil thought to have been trapped in deepocean intrusion layers at depths of ∼1,000-1,300 m. Here we use chemical distributions of hydrocarbons in >3,000 sediment samples from 534 locations to describe a footprint of oil deposited on the deep-ocean floor. Using a recalcitrant biomarker of crude oil, 17a(H),21β(H)-hopane (hopane), we have identified a 3,200-km2 region around the Macondo Well contaminated by ∼1.8 ± 1.0 × 106 g of excess hopane. Based on spatial, chemical, oceanographic, and mass balance considerations, we calculate that this contamination represents 4-31% of the oil sequestered in the deep ocean. The pattern of contamination points to deep-ocean intrusion layers as the source and is most consistent with dual modes of deposition: a bathtub ring formed from an oil-rich layer of water impinging laterally upon the continental slope (at a depth of ∼900-1,300 m) and a higher-flux fallout plume where suspended oil particles sank to underlying sediment (at a depth of ∼1,300-1,700 m). We also suggest that a significant quantity of oil was deposited on the ocean floor outside this area but so far has evaded detection because of its heterogeneous spatial distribution.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84919934415","10.1007/s11367-014-0794-2","2014-12-01","Environmental impacts of decommissioning nuclear power plants: methodical challenges, case study, and implications","Methods: A life cycle assessment of the decommissioning according to ISO 14040/44 is conducted. The decommissioning of one power plant (of the assessed KGR) is chosen as functional unit. The system boundaries include removal and demolition of plant components and buildings as well as decontamination, conditioning, interim storage, and final repository of low-level and interim-level nuclear waste together with disposal and recycling of conventional waste. Interim storage and final repository of high-level nuclear waste such as fuel rods are excluded from the system boundaries as they are assigned to the use phase of the plant. Primary data was obtained from the plant decommissioning firm (Energiewerke Nord GmbH, EWN) in Lubmin. The GaBi database was used to model background processes. Environmental impacts are estimated using the CML2001 methodology.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84921896679","10.1109/MGRS.2014.2367318","2014-12-01","The IEEE GNSS and signals of opportunity working group [Technical Committees]","The Instrumentation and Future Technologies (IFT) Technical Committee (TC) of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (GRSS), has the following vision: To foster international cooperation in advancing the state-of-the-art in geoscience remote sensing instrumentation and technologies that improve knowledge for the betterment of society and the global environment. Supporting this vision, the IFT-TC has three primary missions: 1) Assess the state-of-the-art in remote sensing instruments and technology; 2) Identify new instrument concepts and technology trends; and 3) Recognize enabling technologies for future instruments.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84926469733","10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.09.022","2014-12-12","Biomass to fuel cells state of the art: A review of the most innovative technology solutions","Copyright Fuel Cells fed with locally produced biogenous primary fuels can convert renewable energy into electricity with high efficiencies, in an environment friendly and CO2-neutral manner. The paper analyses different biomass conversion processes, gas conditioning technologies, fuel cells typologies and power plant configurations, focusing on the most suitable gasification and anaerobic digestion processes coupled to high temperature fuel cells. The paper shows that the conversion systems have to be analysed from global perspective including feedstock, processes and plant configurations in order to obtain high reliability and efficiency and low emissions. Indeed, the presence, in the raw produced gas, of particulate, organic and inorganic impurities renders the coupling of biomass-derived gases and Fuel Cells problematic, especially in the case of gasification. However, recently developed hot gas cleaning technologies could improve energy efficiency and lower operational costs for high-temperature utilizations of the biomass-derived gas. Finally, further research and demonstration activities are required in order to improve power plant reliability and reduce global capital cost, especially at the more suitable small scale size.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84925442598",,"2015-01-01","Roma populations and health Populations Roms et santé","The health status of the so-called «Roma» is usually much poorer than that of neighbouring non-Roma populations with a life expectancy gap of 5-15 years. This results from prolonged exposure to adverse determinants of health and to persistent exclusion from social and political arenas. Scientific and social research has only poorly addressed the health issues of Roma and evidences are scarce. Insufficient access to public services, including to health care and non optimal clinical practices are modifiable factors. If correctly addressed, this could contribute to reduce health disparities, including in Switzerland.",1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84931416186",,"2015-01-01","Tamoxifen and potent CYP2D6 inhibitors: A potentially lethal interaction","Sir Tamoxifen has a well-established role in the management of oestrogen-receptor positive breast cancer halving the 5-year recurrence risk of early stage breast cancer, reducing mortality and controlling metastasis. It is an inactive pro-drug which is activated by the hepatic cytochrome P450 system.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84939513475",,"2015-01-01","Burden of oral diseases in Iran, 1990-2010: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2010","Background: Oral diseases, as a group of chronic diseases, are among the major public health problems that lead to disability throughout the world. The major part of burden of oral diseases is caused by dental caries, periodontal diseases, edentulism, mouth cancer, cleft lip, and cleft palate. The aim of the present paper is to report the global results for the burden of oral disease in Iran from 1990 to 2010, derived from the Global Burden of Disease study 2010 (the GBD study 2010) by sex and age. Methods: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 was a systematic effort with a common framework to estimate disability adjusted life years (DALYs) for diseases in different parts of the world. Years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs) were assessed based on cause-of-death estimates and by means of a cause of death ensemble model (CODEm). Years of life lost due to disability (YLDs) were computed by multiplying the prevalence, the disability weight for a sequel, and the duration of symptoms. A systematic review of published and unpublished data was conducted to estimate disease distribution using a Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR). Disability weights were measured by collecting data from population-based surveys. Uncertainty interval (Ul) from all inputs into the calculations of DALYs was disseminated using Monte Carlo simulation techniques. In this paper, we describe the results of the GBD study 2010 regarding oral diseases in Iran, critique the results, and provide some recommendations. Results: Between 1990 and 2010 in Iran, an increase occurred in DALYs at all ages, attributed to dental caries (from 37,230 to 56,521) as well as penodontal diseases (from 21,482 to 43,308), and a decrease was found for edentulism (from 53,134 to 47,960). DALYs at all ages attributed to mouth cancer increased (from 5,597 to 7,771), while a decline was noted for cleft lip and cleft palate (from 6,157 to 5,034). The age-standardized DALY rates per 100,000 population did not considerably change for dental caries and periodontal diseases, while edentulism showed a reduction. The corresponding DALY rate due to mouth cancer decreased, while it remained almost unchanged for cleft lip and cleft palate over this period. DALY rates per 100,000 population due to dental canes and edentulism were higher among Iranian women than for Iranian men at all ages, while Iranian men suffered from a higher burden of periodontal disease, mouth cancer, cleft lip, and cleft palate. The most significant burden due to dental caries and penodontal diseases was found in Iranians aged 15-49 and 50-69 years, respectively and edentulism and mouth cancer led to the highest burden in Iranians older than 70 years of age. The highest burden caused by cleft lip and cleft palate occurred in children younger than 5 years old. Conclusion: The findings address the challenging changes in oral diseases and difficulties in responding to the urgent oral health needs in Iran. The burden of oral diseases should be considered as a priority in Iran. A need also exists to pay more attention to the oral health policies and principles of preventive oral care. Global analyses of disease burdens provide a useful framework to guide a suitable policy in response to disease changes. In fact, strong national and sub-national analyses will be required to provide more effective public health strategies.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84944112147",,"2015-01-01","The impact of the financial crisis on auditor's going concern opinions Einfluss der Finanzkrise auf das going concern-Berichterstattungsverhalten des Abschlussprüfers","Each audit requires an evaluation of whether there is substantial doubt about the issuer's ability to continue as a going concern. In this paper, we empirically analyze the impact of the global financial crisis on the auditor's decision to issue a going concernmodified opinion. Prior research suggests that auditors' decisions are more conservative in an environment of high risk exposure. For a given level of client risk, we cannot find that auditors had a higher propensity to issue a going concern-opinion during the financial crisis in Germany. However, we find that the net income has been less suited for predicting the issuance of a going concern-modified opinion in 2008. We analyze and discuss potential implications.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84948130769",,"2015-01-01","An evaluation on the translations of the book of dede korkut to foreign languages Dede korkut kitabi’nin yabanci dillere çevirileri üzerine bir değerlendirme","The Book of Dede Korkut, one of the masterpieces of Turkish literature and the most significant epic works of the world literature is a treasure for the fields of literature, linguistics, history, anthropology and folklore. Therefore, the Book of Dede Korkut has been a literary creation on which many scholars have studied for the past two hundred years since 1815 when Heinrich Friedrich von Diez (1751- 1817) translated and published the Cyclops story in German. This particular interest has resulted in the Book of Dede Korkut’s being translated into German, Estonian, Persian, Dutch, French, English, Italian, Japanese, Letonian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian and Serbian. Owing to these translations, the Book has reached many readers from different nations and maybe they have met Turkish culture and literary taste for the first time. Also, the fact that the translations contain articles on the creation and linguistic qualities of the Book of Dede Korkut and its comparison to other epic works of the World litearture; Dede Korkut’s personality and also inclusion of history and social structure of the Oghuz Turks make these stories sginificant recources within Dede Korkut studies. These publications, not only serve the Book of Dede Korkut to meet the readers as the translation of a literary work but also serve for the introduction of the Book to scholarly circles. In this article, the bibliographic information of 24 translations of the Book of Dede Korkut in 15 languages is given and the books are introduced. In the conclusion part, evaluations on the people and institutions who led the translations; how the expression “Dede Korkut Kitabı” was translated in the titles; the contents of the publications have been given and some proposals have been put forward on the future translations that will help the promotion of the Book in a broader area.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84956699727",,"2015-01-01","Numerical investigation on soil deformation and disturbance range induced by pipe jacking in sand soil","In recent years, as a trenchless technology, pipe jacking method is undergoing rapidly growth in urban sewage pipeline engineering. Based on the sewage pipeline construction in Fengchan Road, Xi'an, China, 3D elastic-plastic finite element model was established to study the soil deformation characteristic and disturbance range induced by pipe jacking in sand soil. Soil deformation, disturbance range, and plastic zone were analyzed. And comparative analysis of the soil deformation under different conditions was also conducted. Taking only the ground loss into consideration, the soil in the rear of the working face shows a more significant subsidence trend than that in front of the working face. Just considering the jacking force, the soil deformation induced by the ground loss is quite significant. Compared with jacking force, the ground loss is the key factor to determine the soil settlement extent during jacking. The research results presented for this case study can serve as references for effective design and safe construction of pipe jacking projects.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84963677308",,"2015-01-01","Proceedings - CIE 45: 2015 International Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering","The proceedings contain 179 papers. The topics discussed include: prioritization of improvement projects in energy management system; visual analytics for exploring the topic evolution of company targeted tweets; a beam search approach to the disassembly line balancing problem; an evolutionary approach for scheduling solar-thermal power generation system; from a literature review to a research direction: integrative supply chain network optimization models; exergy analysis: a new paradigm for modelling inventory systems; simulating performance for one-dedicated-lane bus rapid transit/light rail systems; optimal configuration of multi-echelon assembly supply chains with augmented Lagrangian coordination in an industrial cluster; creating index for sustainability/sustainable development in an industrial estate; prediction of CPU availability in volunteer computing systems using multivariate time series modeling; and competitive facility location problem with foresight considering service distance limitation.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84978886150",,"2015-01-01","Techno-economic optimization of Concentrated Solar Power plants with thermocline thermal energy storage and integrated steam generator","The utilization of molten salts as the Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) allows to increase the maximum operational temperature of parabolic trough power plants, with a substantial gain in the power cycle efficiency. ENEA has recently tested a way to further ameliorate this concept by introducing a single- Tank configuration of the storage system with an integrated steam generator, which can dramatically reduce the total investment cost and simplify the power plant layout. In this paper we propose to couple this system to a waste-heat recovery unit for the cogeneration of power, heating and cooling, which has the potential to extend the range of applications of CSP plants to small-size systems and to regions with a moderate solar resource. In this paper, a techno-economic analysis is implemented to investigate the feasibility of this innovative technological pathway, to determine the optimal design of a representative 1 MWe plant located in Rome and to analyze its performances. Results reveal that the heat market brings a 28 % reduction of the Levelized Electricity Cost, allowing to reach the competitive value of 230.25 $/MWh. This is remarkably lower than the Feed-In-Tariff (FIT) of the Italian incentive scheme for CSP and comparable to the specific cost of larger plants despite an investment cost limited to 14.56 M$.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85019536482",,"2015-01-01","FGT2- ABR: Fuzzy game theory trust associativity based routing to mitigate network attacks in pervasive health monitoring systems","With availability of hand held devices increasingly across various sections of the society the logical step in health care management is providing support anywhere and anytime. In scenarios like disasters where infrastructure may not be available for communication, intra communication between the devices without infrastructure is the logical design of networks where in communication is established between mobile devices. . A Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) is a group of mobile nodes communicating with each other without infrastructure or centralized administration. Security plays a very important role in such networks where personal data may be exchanged. Routing protocols should be able to cope with malicious nodes that disrupt correct routing protocol functioning by modifying routing information and other activities. In this paper, an enhanced Associativity Based Routing (ABR), Fuzzy Game Theory Trust ABR (FGT2- ABR), is proposed to mitigate network attacks with emphasis on pervasive health monitoring systems. The proposed method selects a route based on fuzzy game theory. Hello messages contain “AN - Avoid node” field based on malicious node detection. Membership functions used are successful deliveries number, Memory utilization and computed trust. Trust includes neighborhood trust based and recommendation based trust.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84945174694","10.1002/2014JG002763","2015-01-01","Increased nitrogen export from eastern North America to the Atlantic Ocean due to climatic and anthropogenic changes during 1901-2008","008 Tg N yr-1, respectively. NH4 +, NO3 -, and DON exports increased while PON export decreased from 1901 to 2008. Nitrogen export demonstrated substantial spatial variability across the study area. Increased NH4 + export mainly occurred around major cities in the MAB. NO3 - export increased in most parts of the MAB but decreased in parts of the GOM. Enhanced DON export was mainly distributed in the GOM and the SAB. PON export increased in coastal areas of the SAB and northern parts of the GOM but decreased in the Piedmont areas and the eastern parts of the MAB. Climate was the primary reason for interannual variability in nitrogen export; fertilizer use and nitrogen deposition tended to enhance the export of all nitrogen species; livestock farming and sewage discharge were also responsible for the increases in NH4 + and NO3 - fluxes; and land cover change (especially reforestation of former agricultural land) reduced the export of the four nitrogen species.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84938751562","10.1002/pits.21859","2015-01-01","Transition to school: The experiences of canadian and immigrant families of children with autism spectrum disorders","Transition to school for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) places demands on children, parents, and school settings. The unique experiences of parents from diverse backgrounds have not been studied extensively. This qualitative study explored the experiences of 5 Canadian and 5 immigrant families during the transition to school for their children with ASDs. Parent perceptions of support systems during this transition and their experiences with preschool and elementary school staff were analyzed to understand their experiences. Thematic analyses of parent interviews revealed that parents perceived the quality of care during preschool as more supportive than the care received in elementary school. A variety of resources, such as familial, educational, and community support, seemed to help some Canadian and immigrant families in different ways. The transition to school experiences of parents of children with ASDs has important implications for school psychologists who facilitate and mediate parent-school partnerships and interagency collaboration.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84946163209","10.1007/978-3-319-13194-8_10","2015-01-01","Stuttgart region—from E-mobility pilot projects to showcase region","In 2009, the Stuttgart Region of Baden-Württemberg in Germany was awarded funding from the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development (BMVBS) as one of eight E-Mobility Pilot Regions and started to implement several projects—from 2 wheelers to buses, including the development of full electrical vehicles (e.g. Vito E-Cell). Meanwhile, Stuttgart Region's LivingLab BWe mobil in April 2012 became one of four national E-Mobility showcase regions for 3 years, and is also hosting the Leading Edge Cluster Electric Mobility South-West. The LivingLab BWe mobil started 40 projects in and around the Stuttgart Region where the scale and scope is even broader than in the Pilot Region activities, including field tests of e-mobility business models. The more than 100 partners from business, science and public authorities are testing electric mobility in actual practice. In their activities the projects concentrate on the Stuttgart Region (Württemberg) and the city of Karlsruhe (Baden), and promote the visibility of their work right up to the international level. The project aims to put around 2000 electric vehicles on the road by 2015, and to install more than 1000 charging points. This paper highlights three select case studies on the projects Get eReady, Car2Go full electric and Stuttgart Services.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84955299260","10.1007/978-3-319-28197-1_4","2015-01-01","Information literacy and environmental sustainability correlation in using and communicating information","Information literacy is the discipline that shapes the informational behavior of young students, Master and PhD students. The skills acquired by attending this course can decisively influence thinking and may generate critical thinking for analyzing information. Extending the module designed for achieving Information Literacy standards, we present a module on green practices, green libraries and the implications of using electronic resources on carbon emissions and consumption of electricity. Our premise was that these concepts may help develop sustainable thinking, in addition to critical thinking. In this paper we will focus mainly on the green information literacy aspect, through a study from Transilvania University of Brasov.",,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84942760767","10.1007/978-981-287-567-9_4","2015-01-01","Afterschool media club: Critical literacy in a high-diversity, high-poverty urban setting","In this chapter, we look at critical literacy at MediaClub, a programme of afterschool media production activities for 9- to 12-year-olds. MediaClub was part of the URLearning (URL) research project (2010–2014), which was conducted in a high-diversity, high-poverty elementary school in the state of Queensland, Australia. The Club was designed to skill interested young people up as digital media experts for the literate practices of their homes, communities and classrooms. We anticipated that it would be a space where the receptive and expressive dimensions of critical literacy flourished. Here we look at what happened in practice, drawing implications for literacy education at a time of increasingly prescriptive, if not scripted, pedagogies.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84960796476","10.1016/j.adhoc.2015.07.007","2015-01-01","A trustworthy access control model for mobile cloud computing based on reputation and mechanism design","Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is an emerging technology that has gained ever-increasing popularity, which makes the generation and large-scale collection of private personal data possible. However, new security issues arise when MCC offers big data analytics and management services. In particular, there is an absence of fine-grained secure access control model to protect privacy information from unauthorized access, especially launched by internal malicious nodes with legal identity and authority. To fill the gap, this paper proposes a reputation and mechanism design based trustworthy access control model (RMTAC) to provide secure and privacy-aware big data access control in MCC. The RMTAC integrates the access control scheme with Vickrey-Clark-Groves (VCG) based adaptive reputation mechanism (VARM), the distributed multi-level security scheme and the hierarchical key management protocol to provide secure and privacy-aware access control and defend against the internal attacks. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the VARM in terms of utility, effective recommendation rate, and accuracy rate compared to the existing reputation mechanisms. Moreover, the RMTAC shows better performance in terms of success rate of malicious access and successful acceptance rate compared to the role-based encryption access control model (RBE) mechanism, in the presence of collusion attacks, bad mouthing attacks and information disclosure attacks.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84919905548","10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.12.005","2015-01-01","Estimation of the long-term nutrient budget and thresholds of regime shift for a large shallow lake in China","53%). The ecosystem of Lake Chaohu shifted from the clear to turbid state during late 1970s. For managers, approximately two-thirds of the current TP loading must be reduced for a shift back with substantial improvement in water quality. Because in practice the reduction of loading from a non-point source is very difficult and costly, additional methods beyond nutrient reduction, such as water level regulation, should be considered for the lake restoration.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84942550241","10.1016/j.ijmst.2015.07.024","2015-01-01","Estimating regional coal resource efficiency in China using three-stage DEA and bootstrap DEA models","629, respectively. The results prove that there are significant differences in the distribution of coal resources utilization efficiency across regions.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84929707481","10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.09.016","2015-01-01","Just Ask: Hospice familiarity in asian and hispanic adults","001) and was lower in the Hispanic (16%) and higher in the Chinese (45%) and Korean (56%) groups. Personal experiences with hospice were low (8-16%) in all groups. A majority (75-94%) responded they would share hospice information with loved ones, but the Hispanic group was significantly less likely to do so compared with Chinese and Korean Americans. Between 74 and 95% reported willingness to receive future information about hospice, but the Korean group was significantly less likely to want information. Conclusion When surveyed in their preferred language, Asian and Hispanic adults reported variable levels of familiarity with hospice services. Most responded positively to receiving future information and would tell friends and family members about hospice.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84939511655","10.1016/j.procir.2015.02.146","2015-01-01","Sustainable factor input in product-service operation","Approximately 80% of the costs of Product-Service-Systems (PSS) operation are labor costs. A service company's employees are their most important input factor, which therefore strongly defines the success of PSS operation, in particular this applies to PSS for the product usage life cycle phase. Consequently, it is very important to assign tasks to employees within a service project very much based on their abilities and the challenges of the tasks. This allows a sustainable use of the most important resource within PSS operation. The idea of human reliability is well established. Like for technical systems, the calculation of reliability is the basis for defining the error probability for a specific worker/group of worker within a certain process step. Within PSS operation the human reliability is not only dependent on the individual capabilities but is also very much related to the serviced product. Analyzing the relevant man-machine-systems is therefore essential when reaching for sustainability in service operation. The concept of the human reliability within a PSS defines the human probability of error by the strain of a service task. The strain is dependent on the task (its processes and (technical) tool use) and the individual capabilities of the employee. The industrial psychology has identified several factors describing the stress of a task and the human abilities. Due to research within PSS operation the general idea of the relation between strain and stress can be extended to a service-strain-stress model (SSSM) which has to be seen as a qualitative framework for a classification of service employees based on the service tasks on one hand and the different individual abilities of the employee on the other hand. The SSSM allows to assign service tasks to a worker/group of worker without exceeding a certain individual strain level and therefore to reduce the probability of error realizing a sustainable service operation. This paper outlines the idea of categorizing service operations employees according to the individual abilities, the product complexity and the time pressure within a strongly customer oriented service project. Due to the qualitative, individual characteristics of employees, the categories defined will be rather qualitative. The model can be used for a more sustainable planning of a service company's manpower or as a tool for optimizing the supply of temporary workers in the service domain. But could also work as a benchmark for service personnel management.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84924055418","10.1016/j.technovation.2014.10.007","2015-01-01","A study of intellectual property protection policies and innovation in the Indian pharmaceutical industry and beyond","We study the relationship between Trade Related Intellectual Property rights (TRIPS) and innovation. Using export data, this paper aims at assessing the relative impact of TRIPs on innovation, namely the ability of the Indian pharmaceutical industry to enter new markets with existing or new drugs. It examines whether India's decision to comply with TRIPS influenced its innovation, and develops a theoretical model, where innovation, being measured by the likelihood of exports of one product from one identified country to partner countries, is influenced by factor, demand and trade conditions. The paper draws on quantitative data, using Probit and Logit techniques. The model is illustrated using empirical evidence from the Indian pharmaceutical industry. We find statistically significant evidence that India's compliance with TRIPS is associated with new trade flows from India to partners. However we do not find statistically significant evidence of a relation between TRIPS compliance and value of exports. The interpretation is that TRIPS compliance has different effects: it is a necessary condition to favor innovation but it is not sufficient to increase exports value (competitiveness). Finally, we study to what extent this model can be generalized to other developing countries and/or industries.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84939442461","10.1017/S0021911815000571","2015-01-01","The Dog-Eared Dictionary: Human-Animal Alliance in Chinese Civilization","Copyright What does the dog mean in Chinese culture? The answers can be found in China's first dictionary, the Shuowen jiezi, written by Xu Shen in 121 CE. The Shuowen holds cynological knowledge well beyond the dog's olfactory ability, because it includes notes on vocalization discrimination, situational gait, and even behavioral and personality traits. The dog is also upheld as the representative of all nonhuman animals, undoubtedly because of its morphological and functional versatility but certainly also because it was the human's main interface and companion at the beginning of Chinese civilization. The Chinese graphs for the word dog embody both views: generically animalistic or eerily resembling human depictions. As a rift slowly took place in the partnership between humans and dogs when urbanization began, the graphs themselves were manipulated to clearly demarcate one from the other. Eventually dogs became discursive scapegoats. This paper traces the destiny of the dog in semantic and graphic terms.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84950322000","10.1039/c5ta05794a","2015-01-01","The intriguing poison tolerance of non-precious metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts","Electrochemical devices such as fuel cells are key to a sustainable energy future. However the applicability of such under realistic conditions is not viable to date. Expensive precious metals are used as electrocatalysts and contaminants present in the operating media poison the utilized catalysts. Here the one pot synthesis of a highly active, self-supporting and surprisingly poison tolerant catalyst is reported. The polymerisation of 1,5-diaminonaphthalene provides self-assembled nanospheres, which upon pyrolysis form a catalytically active high surface area material. Tolerance to a wide range of substances that poison precious metal based catalysts combined with high electrocatalytic activity might enable numerous additional technological applications. In addition to fuel cells these could be metal-air batteries, oxygen-depolarized chlor-alkali cathodes, oxygen sensors, medical implantable devices, waste water treatment and as counter electrodes for many other sensors where the operating medium is a complex and challenging mixture.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84952328748","10.1080/00015458.2015.11681098","2015-01-01","The impact of blunt thoracic aortic injury on patients aged 80 years or older","Introduction: Blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) is rare and associated with significant morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. As the population ages and life expectancy increases, the frequency of this injury will increase in the elderly and thus it behoves us to understand treatment and outcome in this patient population. Methods: We analysed prospectively collected data of 10 patients > 80 years old with BTAI (Group A) treated among 26,000 trauma patients over a 20-year period in a Level 1 trauma center to investigate BTAI morbidity and mortality. Age, gender, and injurity severity score (ISS) matching was performed to create a case-control study of elderly trauma patients with (Group A) and without BTAI (Group B). Results: Ten elderly trauma patients were found to have BTAI. Five (50%) were males and 5 (50%) were female. The cohort mean age was 86 years (range: 80 to 95). All but one patient (fall injury) were involved in motor vehicle accidents. The mean ISS in group A was 29 ± 12. In group A, 2 (20%) patients (ISS = 36 and 33) succumbed in the emergency department. Six (60%) patients were treated non-operatively and the remaining 2 (20%) patients (88 and 84 years) underwent open aortic repair with patch angioplasty and Dacron interposition grafting. No postoperative paraplegia or stroke related to surgery occurred. Two patients in Group A survived hospitalization and were eventually discharged. Patients in Group B had lower overall LOS, ICU LOS and 30-day mortality rates despite similar ISS. Conclusion: Patients aged 80 or older who have experienced BTAI tend to have worse outcomes than those without BTAI regardless of similar ISS. Therefore, because of the low incident of this injury in general and particularly in the elderly, only pooled data from multiple institutions will be able to shed light on the complex issues surrounding treatment decisions in a group of patients with an a priori limited life expectancy.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84926034527","10.1080/0376835X.2014.965386","2015-01-01","Life chances and class: Estimating inequality of opportunity for children and adolescents in South Africa"," The results are robust for various models and panel data.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84944062896","10.1080/10962247.2015.1051605","2015-01-01","Comparison study of landfill gas emissions from subtropical landfill with various phases: A case study in Wuhan, China","The compositions and annual variations of landfill gas (LFG) were studied at two large-scale sites of Chen-Jia-Chong Landfill. Seventy-six wells were built and used for the collection and measurement of LFG. The investigation revealed the similarities and differences of LFG components and variations at two sites with different phases. It was found that ambient temperature and rainfall exhibited strong correlations with LFG components at both sites. Methane (CH4) contents showed excellent correlations with CO2 at both sites. Notable correlations between hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and major components (CH4 and carbon dioxide [CO2]) were only observed in unstable methane phase. Especially, the CH4/CO2volumetric ratio could act as an excellent indicator for anaerobic reaction stage by judging its phasic variations. The study is beneficial for the efficient operation of LFG collection system and could shed light on gas purification and utilization. Implications: The results in this paper could provide some beneficial information for landfill operators. Especially, the CH4/CO2 volumetric ratio could act as an excellent indicator for anaerobic reaction stage by judging its phasic variations. Moreover, the study could shed light on landfill gas purification and utilization.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84931032997","10.1080/1556035X.2015.1034823","2015-01-01","The Relationship Between Friendship Quality and Antisocial Behavior of Adolescents in Residential Substance Abuse Treatment"," Implications for substance abuse treatment are discussed.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84929580272","10.1086/680326","2015-01-01","The hoodie as sign, screen, expectation, and force","In the aftermath of the shooting death of seventeen-year-old Trayvon Martin in Sanford, Florida, on February 26, 2012, the hoodie became a material witness, called upon to tell truths about the body it covers. I propose that the figuration of the hoodie as an animate thing demonstrates some of the operations of power that deem some bodies criminally other—because they are black and therefore threatening—and available for state violence. Constructs of race teach us how to see, as Frantz Fanon observed so well, naming flesh an “epidermal schema“ presumed to yield usable knowledge about humanness and its others through a series of abstractions shaping subjectivation from substance. The liberal disavowal of racism as the foundation for the rule of law proliferates such abstractions as alibis: the abstractions that script skin as visible or material evidence of ontological truth slide onto other surfaces, including clothing as indices for criminality, for instance. The hoodie is thus an example of Hortense Spillers’s signifying property plus, unfolding for us the racial optics through which someone is devastatingly lost—and of the lethal structures that lose our loved ones in the first place. Yielding some sense of racism’s endurance because of its incoherences, correspondences, and movements in and through things, things freighted with an excess of those histories that commit some beings to premature death, the hoodie as a sign, a screen, an expectation, and a force uncovers some of the powers that threaten black life in this moment.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84942588383","10.1097/MLR.0000000000000402","2015-01-01","Development of a hospital outcome measure intended for use with electronic health: Records 30-day risk-standardized mortality after acute myocardial infarction","Copyright 37 times those for a low-mortality hospital (-1 SD). Conclusions: This measure represents the first outcome measure endorsed by the National Quality Forum for public reporting of hospital quality based on clinical data in the EHR. By being compatible with current clinical practice and existing EHR systems, this measure is a model for future quality improvement measures.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84943579319","10.1108/S1479-366020140000023022","2015-01-01","Utilizing student voices to enhance academic resilience in Kenya","Copyright Focus group discussions were utilized to explore factors that facilitated the academic success of Kenyan high school students in spite of their adversities. These identified factors were instrumental in creating personal development modules that Kenyan school counselors implemented as a pilot intervention for enhancing academic resilience. While more research is needed on the most effective delivery styles for the modules, the intervention resulted in improved skills that support academic resilience. There is a need to continue to explore resiliency with respect to academic performance in Kenya. Educators, students, parents and policy makers will benefit from uncovering models of resiliency based on the contextual realities that the youth face on a daily basis.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84941120991","10.1109/WIOPT.2015.7151054","2015-01-01","Joint optimization on inter-cell interference management and user attachment in LTE-A HetNets","To optimize the network utility in 3GPP Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) heterogeneous networks (HetNets), it is necessary to jointly consider inter-cell interference mitigation and user attachment. Based on potential game formulation, we optimize almost blank subframe (ABS) and/or cell selection bias (CSB) settings for both macrocells and picocells in a distributed manner. We demonstrate the need of joint ABS and CSB optimization via simulation case studies. Extensive simulations confirm that joint ABS and CSB optimizations can lead to a 20% improvement in spectral efficiency and a 46% improvement in energy efficiency while increasing the fairness of the achieved rates of users.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84938964354","10.1111/ele.12473","2015-01-01","Positive frequency dependence undermines the success of restoration using historical disturbance regimes","Anthropogenic alterations of historical disturbance regimes (e.g. suppressing floods and wildfires) is a primary mechanism by which exotic species can come to dominate native communities. Unfortunately, reinstating historical disturbance regimes to restore native communities has achieved mixed success. The presence of positive frequency dependence (PFD) is commonly invoked to explain why exotic plant invasions are so difficult to eradicate. However, models examining PFD have not considered the effect of reintroducing disturbances. Using a spatially explicit individual-based model, we consider how magnitude and direction of frequency dependence of native and exotic species affects the success of reintroducing disturbances that favour fitness of natives over exotics. Our model illustrates why restoration is difficult; there is a narrow range of parameters that allows for native species to eliminate or coexist with exotics once they have established. Dominance by exotic invaders occurs with moderate initial frequencies of exotic individuals, aggregation of these individuals, or an exotic propagule production advantage. Reintroducing disturbances allows native dominance only when PFD of the exotic is weaker than that of the native species, disturbance intervals are short, and/or exotics are not initially frequent. Our framework provides guidelines for conditions in which the reintroduction of disturbances will effectively restore invaded habitats.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84911908449","10.1111/nph.13036","2015-01-01","Water-use advantage for lianas over trees in tropical seasonal forests"," Our results indicated that access to deep soil water and strong physiological adjustments in the dry season together with active wet-season photosynthesis may explain the high abundance of lianas in seasonally dry forests.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84923103948","10.1134/S1995425515010163","2015-01-01","Ground-dwelling invertebrates in a large industrial city: Differentiation of recreation and urbanization effects","Community of ground-dwelling invertebrates in natural pine forest of the city Yekaterinburg and its vicinities was studied. The compared sites were contrast in respect of the urbanization (mainly air pollution) and recreation (the frequency of visits). The abundance of the most numerous taxa (ground and road beetles, spiders, harvestmen) increases in the urban sites as compared of to the rural sites. Changes in the species diversity under the influence of urbanization are ambiguous. Decrease in species richness is accompanied by an increased dominance and a decreased dominance in carbides. The evenness of the road beetles population does not change in the urban sites compared to rural sites. Relative low impact of recreation on ground-dwelling invertebrates was evident. Recreation effects were significant in carabids (decreased abundance and species richness under high pressure) and arachnids (increased abundance)",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84946070641","10.1163/15685411-00002920","2015-01-01","Nematicidal activities of bacterial volatiles and components from two marine bacteria","366 mmol l -1), showed strong nematicidal activities against PWN. This is the first report on the nematicidal activity of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from marine microorganisms. This study indicates that the nematicidal VOC produced by marine bacteria are potential substitutes for current chemical control options of pine wilt disease caused by PWN which greatly threatens global forest resources.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84922612712","10.1177/0309132514527030","2015-01-01","Mobilities I: Departures","This first report identifies key trends in mobilities research during late 2012 and 2013. Using the 150th anniversary of the London Underground as its launching point, the article explores a number of academic engagements with its history, as well as identifying the lack of research on underground or underwater mobilities. It then examines recent work which might be considered to provide creative or experimental engagements with and meditations on movement, including urban exploration, poetry, art and film. The final section examines recent work on mobility, politics, exclusion, marginalization and privilege, including work on forced, elite and family mobilities.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84925296159","10.1179/1477963314Z.00000000033","2015-01-01","The systemic dimension of sustainable development in developing countries"," 2015It is generally accepted that sustainable development encompasses four distinct perspectives: (a) economic, (b) ecological, (c) social, and (d) institutional, which are highly interrelated and complementary. Their interrelatedness is even more intense in the developing world where the effects of job creation, entrepreneurship, resource-use, networking, and building good governance are all systemically intertwined. This builds a logical nexus between business profits and social good whereby entrepreneurs doing business in developing countries not only can enhance their own productivity, effectiveness, and efficiency to improve their financial position, but also contribute to the wellbeing of their (host) countries. The purpose of this article is to present how a systemic outlook can enhance research and practical implementation of sustainable development in developing countries. In doing this, the article will demonstrate how the systemic approach to sustainable development can be practically applied through multi-stakeholder dialogues.",,,,,,,,1,1,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,
"2-s2.0-84958980644","10.1201/b19094-37","2015-01-01","Comprehensive approach: An appropriate tool to gain security in the new wars and complex emergencies?","Violent conflicts, such as in Afghanistan, Syria and Iraq expose the local population and communities to great suffering and the response to these conflicts has proven both dangerous and difficult. These “new wars” blurs the distinction of war, organized crime and large-scale violence of human rights (Kaldor 2007). We need to understand these emergencies in order to manage them. Experiences from complex emergencies show a need for combined efforts among military, humanitarian and political actors to restore security and stability. The comprehensive approach aims to integrate the political, security, rule of law, human rights and humanitarian dimensions of international operations. Starting with a discussion of complex emergencies and the new wars, this paper undertakes to discuss how comprehensive approach as a crisis management concept may contribute to security and stability.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028063162","10.13976/j.cnki.xk.2015.0759","2015-01-01","Multi-agent-based service restoration approach for shipboard power system","In this paper, we propose an architecture for a multi-aGent system (MAS) and an MAS architecture-based service restoration approach for shipboard power systems (SPSs) to improve SPS survivability. Each a-Gent in the MAS is assigned a responsibility, and can make reasonable decisions with respect to its environment. Ultimately, it can restore unserved higher priority loads to the degree possible. The MAS is implemented using Java programming language and the Java aGent development framework (JADE). Intwo typical SPS servicerestoration cases, we demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed solution.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84941778634","10.1533/9781782421276.2.211","2015-01-01","The use of pineapple leaf fibers (PALFs) as reinforcements in composites","Pineapple leaf fibers (PALFs) can be utilized as fabrics for textile materials and in the manufacture of yarns and handicrafts in many countries. The excellent mechanical properties and environmentally sustainable characteristics exhibited by PALFs have triggered the interest of researchers to use the material as a potential reinforcement in structural and non-structural applications. This chapter reviews the properties and applications of PALFs and their composites, and focuses on PALFs extraction, characterization, modification, fabrication and the properties of PALFs reinforced micro- and nanocomposites.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84930591573","10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-14-00006","2015-01-01","Occurrence of amphibians in saline habitats: A review and evolutionary perspective","Amphibians are well known as osmotically sensitive organisms due to their highly permeable skin and eggs and, as such, biologists have mostly discounted their presence in saline environments. Yet, from the 1800s to the present day, scientists have repeatedly found amphibians living and breeding in a variety of saline coastal and inland habitats. Despite this plethora of observations, their presence in these habitats is still mostly ignored, and the last (and only) complete literature review documenting amphibians in brackish and saline habitats was completed over 50 yr ago. Here we provide a review of the literature of amphibians in saline waters and present data on 144 species, in 28 families, on every continent except Antarctica. In doing so, we make the case that salt tolerance in amphibians may not be as rare as generally assumed. Through classifying habitats and studies, we conclude that the abilities of dozens of species to locally adapt to coastal and inland saline habitats have been extensively studied, although more work on most observed species is still needed. Our understanding of the evolutionary processes leading to this adaptation is also in its infancy. We summarize the existing knowledge on this subject and present a possible framework toward the development of an evolutionary model of amphibian adaptation to salt, based on genetic variation for salt tolerance in populations and the nature of selection events in osmotically stressful environments. Finally, we discuss some possible limitations on the ability of amphibians to tolerate salt water. Understanding the abilities and constraints of amphibian populations to adapt to salt will become more critical as humans continue to impact the world's freshwater resources through climate change, landscape modification, and pollution, and these habitats thus become increasingly stressful for amphibians.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84921845812","10.2105/AJPH.2014.302284","2015-01-01","Rumors and realities: Making sense of HIV/AIDS conspiracy narratives and contemporary legends","The social context of the early HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States provided fertile ground for rumors about transmission. Today, however, rumors about HIV/AIDS persist only within the African American public. Focus group and public discourse data reveal the content and distribution of HIV/AIDS origin and conspiracy rumors. Rumor and contemporary legend theory allows reinterpretation of rumors as a measure of trust between the African American public and health professionals, not as evidence of ignorance or of historical racial oppression. To improve public health results in the African American community, HIV/AIDS efforts must acknowledge the sources and meanings of rumors, include rumors as a measure of trust, and address the underlying distrust that the rumors signify.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84946084419","10.2175/106143015X14338845155660","2015-01-01","Agricultural waste","The management and disposal of agricultural waste are drawn more and more attention because of the increasing yields and negative effects on the environment. However, proper treatments such as converting abundant biomass wastes into biogas through anaerobic digestion technology, can not only avoid the negative impacts, but also convert waste into available resources. This review summarizes the studies of nearly two hundred scholars from the following four aspects: the characterization, reuse, treatment, and management of agricultural waste.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84980351349","10.3141/2513-11","2015-01-01","School choice and travel patterns in northern Ireland economic, social, and environmental impacts of a complex system","The Northern Ireland government is implementing policy reforms to its education system. These reforms have generated much heated debate and division along political party lines. However, none of the controversy has addressed the implications of the current or potential arrangements for travel and sustainability. This paper considers the implications of the planned reform of the education system in Northern Ireland, some potential alternatives for school choice and travel behavior, and the financial, economic, and environmental impacts on society. The study is informed by in-depth household-based surveys that encompass school choice and travel patterns, attitudinal questions, and stated preference experiments. Northern Ireland offers an indication of the potential pitfalls other areas may encounter when emphasizing increased choice in education systems.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,
"2-s2.0-84946434335","10.3390/f6103733","2015-01-01","Trade-offs between drought survival and rooting strategy of two South American Mediterranean tree species: Implications for dryland forests restoration","Differences in water-acquisition strategies of tree root systems can determine the capacity to survive under severe drought. We evaluate the effects of field water shortage on early survival, growth and root morphological variables of two South American Mediterranean tree species with different rooting strategies during two growing seasons. One year-old Quillaja saponaria (deep-rooted) and Cryptocarya alba (shallow-rooted) seedlings were established under two watering treatments (2 L·week-1·plant-1 and no water) in a complete randomized design. Watering improved the final survival of both species, but the increase was only significantly higher for the shallow-rooted species. The survival rates of deep- and shallow-rooted species was 100% and 71% with watering treatment, and 96% and 10% for the unwatered treatment, respectively. Root morphological variables of deep-rooted species such as surface area, volume, and diameter were higher under unwatered treatment. On the other hand, shallow-rooted species had a higher total root dry mass, length, surface area with watering treatments. Our findings suggest that deep-rooted species are highly recommended for reforestation in dry conditions, even under low soil water availability. Water supplements during the summer season can attenuate the differences between deep- and shallow-rooted species in their ability to survive drought during the early stage.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84919414272","10.3892/etm.2014.2049","2015-01-01","Changes of pathological and physiological indicators affecting drug metabolism in rats after acute exposure to high altitude","05). Pathological observation revealed that the alveolar wall was hyperemic, edematous and incrassate, the alveolar epithelium was hyperplastic and infiltrated with neutrophilic granulocytes and the alveolar septum was widened; brain neurons were edematous with enlarged perivascular spaces, and hippocampal neurons were metamorphic and karyopyknotic; and kidney mesangial cells were hyperplastic, both following acute exposure to high altitude and after returning to low altitude. In conclusion, blood gas indices, biochemical indicators and functions of the heart, liver, kidney were significantly changed, and marked pathological changes occurred in the brain, liver and kidney following acute exposure to high altitude and also after returning to low altitude. These changes are likely to seriously affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84943327599","10.4043/25772-ms","2015-01-01","True downhole measurement of differential pressure","Copyright 02% of upper-range limit, even without data processing to make this a smart DP transmitter. The cell's overpressure protection functioned to prevent damage to the MEMS DP chip at the extreme conditions. Care must be taken in the electron-beam welding step of the fabrication to prevent the sensor chip's temperature from exceeding its maximum rating. The development demonstrated the ability of the design to meet the requirements for a true HPHT DP sensor for downhole applications. The measurement capability of a small diameter, true HPHT DP sensor will be of benefit in normal production flow measurement, but it could also be valuable in early detection of a well inflow event during drilling. Observing loss of well control as it is happening could mean the difference between a safe operation and one that is not. Additionally, the DP sensors could also be located at a fixed downhole location, at the sea floor, or at intermediate points (e.g. zones) in the well.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84960222742","10.4337/9781782549796.00052","2015-01-01","The curious incident of the ILO, Myanmar and forced labour","Myanmar/Forced Labour is the most famous and fully litigated case in ILO legal history. Though Myanmar itself is rife with complexity, the facts and law in this case were straightforward: the country had a well-documented history of forced labour abuses on a massive scale, organized and directed by the authoritarian military regime despite ratification in 1955 of the ILO’s most important Convention prohibiting forced labour, Convention No. 29. The Commission found ‘a widespread and systematic’ violation and invoked Article 33 of the ILO Constitution. But a hint that the case involved something more interesting is that it was, astonishingly, the first and only case since the ILO’s founding in 1919 in which the ILO legal machinery was ever fully deployed. This hard-to-digest fact cannot be explained away by believing that there was hitherto universal compliance in the 185 member States in relation to almost several hundred Conventions. What looked like the ‘most normal and easiest’ of cases turns out to be a remarkable exception: it allows an examination of some commonplace ideas about broader ILO law, and suggests that ‘doing nothing’ can itself constitute a ‘curious incident.' And although Article 33 was invoked, there were no real ILO sanctions: even in the case of a politically easy target, a ‘pariah’ state committing what the Commission of Inquiry regarded as a ‘crime against humanity,' the ILO did not ultimately utilize the standard model of law enforcement set out in the ILO Constitution. It is thus hard to imagine a case in which it would be. The ILO is an institution which is based upon a ‘gamble on persuasion,' and the Article 33 ‘bluff’ has now been called.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84943182004","10.5751/ES-07727-200310","2015-01-01","Environmental change: Prospects for conservation and agriculture in a southwest Australia biodiversity hotspot","Accelerating environmental change is perhaps the greatest challenge for natural resource management; successful strategies need to be effective for decades to come. Our objective is to identify opportunities that new environmental conditions may provide for conservation, restoration, and resource use in a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot in southwestern Australia. We describe a variety of changes to key taxonomic groups and system-scale characteristics as a consequence of environmental change (climate and land use), and outline strategies for conserving and restoring important ecological and agricultural characteristics. Opportunities for conservation and economic adaptation are substantial because of gradients in rainfall, temperature, and land use, extensive areas of remnant native vegetation, the ability to reduce and ameliorate areas affected by secondary salinization, and the existence of large national parks and an extensive network of nature reserves. Opportunities presented by the predicted environmental changes encompass agricultural as well as natural ecosystems. These may include expansion of aquaculture, transformation of agricultural systems to adapt to drier autumns and winters, and potential increases in spring and summer rain, carbon-offset plantings, and improving the network of conservation reserves. A central management dilemma is whether restoration/preservation efforts should have a commercial or biodiversity focus, and how they could be integrated. Although the grand challenge is conserving, protecting, restoring, and managing for a future environment, one that balances economic, social, and environmental values, the ultimate goal is to establish a regional culture that values the unique regional environment and balances the utilization of natural resources against protecting remaining natural ecosystems.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84945251664","10.7475/kjan.2015.27.4.397","2015-01-01","Health literacy, diabetic knowledge, and diabetic self-care among foreign diabetic patients at a hospital in South Korea","Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate health literacy, diabetic knowledge, and diabetic self-care among foreign diabetic patients at a hospital in South Korea. Methods: Participants was 134 foreign patients diagnosed with diabetes and who understand English. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. Results: Health literacy significantly differed with HbA1c levels, whereas diabetic knowledge significantly differed with education levels, and time since diagnosed. Diabetic self-care significantly differed with time since the diagnosis. Health literacy significantly differed with diabetic knowledge and diabetic self-care. There was a correlation between health literacy and diabetic knowledge and between diabetic knowledge and diabetic self-care but not between health literacy and diabetic self-care. Conclusion: There are significant results on health literacy, diabetic knowledge and diabetic self-care. Subject with adequate health literacy had high scores on diabetic knowledge and self-care.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84921286982","10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61591-9","2015-01-17","Avoiding 40% of the premature deaths in each country, 2010-30: Review of national mortality trends to help quantify the un Sustainable Development Goal for health","Background The UN will formulate ambitious Sustainable Development Goals for 2030, including one for health. Feasible goals with some quantifiable, measurable targets can influence governments. We propose, as a quatitative health target, Avoid in each country 40% of premature deaths (under-70 deaths that would be seen in the 2030 population at 2010 death rates), and improve health care at all ages. Targeting overall mortality and improved health care ignores no modifiable cause of death, nor any cause of disability that is treatable (or also causes many deaths). 40% fewer premature deaths would be important in all countries, but implies very different priorities in different populations. Reinforcing this target for overall mortality in each country are four global subtargets for 2030: avoid two-thirds of child and maternal deaths; two-thirds of tuberculosis, HIV, and malaria deaths; a third of premature deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs); and a third of those from other causes (other communicable diseases, undernutrition, and injuries). These challenging subtargets would halve under-50 deaths, avoid a third of the (mainly NCD) deaths at ages 50-69 years, and so avoid 40% of under-70 deaths. To help assess feasibility, we review mortality rates and trends in the 25 most populous countries, in four country income groupings, and worldwide. Methods UN sources yielded overall 1970-2010 mortality trends. WHO sources yielded cause-specific 2000-10 trends, standardised to country-specific 2030 populations; decreases per decade of 42% or 18% would yield 20-year reductions of two-thirds or a third. Results Throughout the world, except in countries where the effects of HIV or political disturbances predominated, mortality decreased substantially from 1970-2010, particularly in childhood. From 2000-10, under-70 age-standardised mortality rates decreased 19% (with the low-income and lower-middle-income countries having the greatest absolute gains). The proportional decreases per decade (2000-10) were: 34% at ages 0-4 years; 17% at ages 5-49 years; 15% at ages 50-69 years; 30% for communicable, perinatal, maternal, or nutritional causes; 14% for NCDs; and 13% for injuries (accident, suicide, or homicide). Interpretation Moderate acceleration of the 2000-10 proportional decreases in mortality could be feasible, achieving the targeted 2030 disease-specific reductions of two-thirds or a third. If achieved, these reductions avoid about 10 million of the 20 million deaths at ages 0-49 years that would be seen in 2030 at 2010 death rates, and about 17 million of the 41 million such deaths at ages 0-69 years. Such changes could be achievable by 2030, or soon afterwards, at least in areas free of war, other major effects of political disruption, or a major new epidemic.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84909953979","10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.10.007","2015-02-01","Prevalence and determinants of gambling disorder among older adults: A systematic review","01% to 10.6% across studies. Prevalence of gambling disorder is higher among the younger age groups (of older adults) and among males as compared to females. Those with gambling disorder were more likely to be single or divorced/separated. Findings indicate that older adults may gamble more in an effort to ameliorate negative emotional states; they may have limited access to other exciting activities or they may be unable to participate in activities that they were previously able to and they might attempt to fill this gap with gambling. Conclusions: Gambling disorder among older adults is a significant problem. Fixed incomes and limited prospects of future earnings make them an extremely vulnerable group. There is an urgent need to understand the phenomenon of gambling disorder in older adults.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84924342437","10.1021/es504531s","2015-02-03","Ecogenomics reveals metals and land-use pressures on microbial communities in the waterways of a megacity","Networks of engineered waterways are critical in meeting the growing water demands in megacities. To capture and treat rainwater in an energy-efficient manner, approaches can be developed for such networks that use ecological services from microbial communities. Traditionally, engineered waterways were regarded as homogeneous systems with little responsiveness of ecological communities and ensuing processes. This study provides ecogenomics-derived key information to explain the complexity of urban aquatic ecosystems in well-managed watersheds with densely interspersed land-use patterns. Overall, sedimentary microbial communities had higher richness and evenness compared to the suspended communities in water phase. On the basis of PERMANOVA analysis, variation in structure and functions of microbial communities over space within same land-use type was not significant. In contrast, this difference was significant between different land-use types, which had similar chemical profiles. Of the 36 environmental parameters from spatial analysis, only three metals, namely potassium, copper and aluminum significantly explained between 7% and 11% of the variation in taxa and functions, based on distance-based linear models (DistLM). The ecogenomics approach adopted here allows the identification of key drivers of microbial communities and their functions at watershed-scale. These findings can be used to enhance microbial services, which are critical to develop ecologically friendly waterways in rapidly urbanizing environments.",,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84957882573",,"2015-03-01","Reproductive health patterns: Georgia versus Australia","The review compares a few reproductive indicators - fertility, abortion and contraception in both a developing (Georgia) and a developed (Australia) country. Fertility, abortion and contraception figures in both countries tend to reflect the attitude and the degree of development of each countries sexual health education and their use of effective contraception. Further research is required to accurately evaluate the need and access of Georgian women to modern methods of family planning and their knowledge of the benefits of modern contraception that can assist to reduce pregnancy termination rate. In Australia better insight is needed on how to facilitate a shift to more efficacious long-term contraceptives across all age groups.",,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84922369156","10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.12.005","2015-03-01","Restoration performance of vertical ground heat exchanger with various intermittent ratios","Based on five intermittent operation modes with the intermittent ratios of 0.7, 1, 1.4, 2 and 3, the effect of intermittent operation on restoration performance of vertical ground heat exchanger in Ground Source Heat Pump was investigated in terms of heat exchange flux, temperature difference, soil temperature distribution and thermal radius. Meanwhile, a heat transfer model of the GHE has been developed by combining the analytical solution and numerical solution, whose calculation area has been divided into two parts by the boundary of the borehole wall. For the area in the borehole, the calculation method is steady analytical solution based on energy conservation, whereas for the soil area, the finite volume method is adopted, and the two parts are coupled by the temperature and heat flux of the borehole. The simulation results indicate that intermittence operation modes can improve the heat exchange performance of ground heat exchanger. Furthermore, when the intermittent ratio is 3, the restoration performance is the best due to the longest stopping time. With the operation proceeding, the enhancement of the heat flux arising from the intermittence becomes more obvious while the restoration ratio of average temperature of borehole decreases simultaneously.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84932174987","10.1109/WCICA.2014.7052695","2015-03-02","An agent-based simulation study for synergetic management of complex system","There has been a focus on the management of the complex engineering project. Firstly the organizational design elements that affect the decision making performance of a complex engineering project in the uncertain environment are analyzed. Then an agent-based model is proposed, in which the environmental uncertainty is represented with environmental complexity and turbulence. During modeling, a task model is proposed with which the complexity of environment is modeled better. Furthermore time pressure for decision making is proposed to represent the environmental turbulence by taking the advantages of the agent-based model. Then the interactions among these design elements are modeled. Next the implementation for simulation model proposed is given. At last the intensive researches are conducted by simulation experiments based on the validity of simulation model.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84930442391","10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1079.6","2015-03-25","Integrated analysis for improving export of sweet cherries and how a small industry can compete by focusing on premium quality","The British Columbia sweet cherry industry, which neighbors a huge US industry, relies on export markets that pay premium prices. Premium export quality relies on having both high quality large fruit and green stems. Harvesting sweet cherries at later maturities results in superior eating quality and the focus has been to harvest a more mature fruit. While the stem is not edible, it is important to visual impact and is an indicator of freshness. The first research on sweet cherries for export focused on retaining a bright green stem up to six weeks storage and details of that work will be discussed. Development of late season cultivars was necessary to extend the season past the US crop. 'Sweetheart' has become the most reliable cultivar for containerized ocean shipment. Characteristics important to containerized shipment of sweet cherries were identified and data on shipping potential and respiratory heat will be presented. Logistics from harvest to packing and the impact of deviations in logistics on sweet cherry quality at market was evaluated to develop optimal handling specifications. It is critical to protect harvested fruit with reflective covers to prevent stem browning and improve fruit quality during shipping. Post-pack cooling is also mandatory to reliable quality retention for cherries harvested at later maturities. One factor that does not appear to have large effect on shipping quality is plastic packaging or box liner type. Success of containerized shipping of premium quality sweet cherries is dependent on numerous factors, all of which must be optimized.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84923834163","10.1007/s10658-014-0581-8","2015-04-01","Endophytic infection alleviates biotic stress in sunflower through regulation of defence hormones, antioxidants and functional amino acids","Eco-friendly strategies pertinent to disease resistance in crops are desired for sustainable agriculture as they minimize chemical input into the agriculture industry. Fungal endophytes with phytohormones secreting capacity are well known for their plant growth promotion but have never been reported previously for their favourable role in plant resistance against pathogens. We studied the role of two fungal endophytes in promoting growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and regulating hormone signalling networks involved in plant defence against fungal infection caused by Alternaria alternata. The two endophytic fungi (Penicillium citrinum LWL4 and Aspergillus terreus LWL5) promoted growth of sunflower and produced gibberellins (GA1, GA3, GA4, GA9, GA12, and GA20), organic acids (malic, quinic and succinic acid) and siderophore. In A. alternata infected plants, the sole or combined treatment of P. citrinum and A. terreus markedly reduced disease incidence and reprogrammed the host plants to higher growth. The signalling of plant-defence hormones, such as salicylic acid and jasmonic acid fluctuated with the application of sole or combined endophytes in the diseased plants. The endophyte-association regulated oxidative stress responses by activating glutathione and polyphenol oxidase, and down-regulating catalase and peroxidase. In diseased plants, the endophytic-symbiosis rescued plant growth by the overwintering synthesis of free amino acids. In conclusion, the inoculation of endophytes reprogrammed plant growth during disease incidence by regulating the defence-linked responses of the host plant. Exploring endophytic symbiosis can help achieve sustainable agriculture in an eco-friendly way without using fungicides.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84923037125","10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.02.003","2015-04-01","Organisation does matter - planning for cycling in Stockholm and Copenhagen","This article explores how the organisation of urban and transport planning departments affects the development of a sustainable transport system and the promotion of bicycling. Interviews conducted in Stockholm and Copenhagen showed that the organisation of the departments affects the social relations between the planners and creates power relations that either foster or marginalise cycling within planning processes. In Copenhagen, an integrated planning organisation allows for more knowledge exchange between urban, transport, and bicycle planners and creates an environment of understanding for different professional views on planning. However, this is not the case in Stockholm where cycling is marginalised in planning and in the existing infrastructure. This study concludes that the integrated transport and urban planning organisation in Copenhagen promotes cycling more than the less integrated planning organisation in Stockholm. Furthermore, it is concluded that the different organisations have led to different power relations that shape the outcome of the planning processes.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84928243118","10.1007/s10347-014-0425-1","2015-04-10","Upper Triassic reef corals from the Sambosan Accretionary Complex, Kyushu, Japan","Reef-building and dwelling scleractinian corals attained worldwide distribution in the Late Triassic and are best known from the former Tethys but some taxa also occur in the collage of displaced terranes now comprising the circum-Pacific rim. Among these are Upper Triassic corals from Japan, which have received little systematic study during the past 40 years but hold keys for resolving crucial questions about the depositional history and paleogeography of this region. Ten Upper Triassic coral taxa are here described from limestone rocks of the Sambosan Accretionary Complex, of Japan—a tectonically mobile belt extending from the Okinawa Islands to south of Tokyo on the island of Honshu. This belt contains the remains of reefs and carbonate sediment deposited on volcanic atolls formed at unknown tropical paleogeographic positions. The paleogeographic relationship of the Sambosan Accretionary Complex (SAC) relative to the Tethys and terranes of the circum-Pacific is not well constrained. The Upper Triassic corals of Japan occur within isolated carbonate blocks and extensive breccia deposits of the SAC. Corals and other organisms contain mixed Carnian and Norian taxa, many of which are known to build reefs and appear to have been derived from reef facies. Here we describe and discuss solitary and colonial, potentially reef-building corals from the SAC that come from the island of Kyushu and from Nara and Kochi Prefectures. Three new species described for the first time are: Retiophyllia tosaensis n. sp., Margarosmilia mizukamia n. sp., and Guembelastraea kanmerae n. sp. Other corals are taxonomically reevaluated from previous work: Craspedophyllia japonica n. sp., Thamnasteriamorpha okudai n. sp., Khytrastrea ominensis (Okuda and Yamagiwa), Craspedophyllia ramosa Roniewicz, Protoheterastraea konosensis (Kanmera), and Seriastraea furukawai (Kanmera). Two additional taxa, Retiophyllia cf. R. frechi Roniewicz and Volzeia cf. V. badiotica (Volz) show relationships with Carnian to Norian corals of the former Tethys. Results, when compared with previous taxa, increase knowledge of the composition of Upper Triassic corals of Japan. It shows a high degree of endemism among the Triassic corals of the SAC with some paleogeographic connection to the western Tethys and Pamir Mountains and Timor. The presence of many reef-building coral taxa and reef-type carbonate microfacies along with their paleogeographic distribution suggests a location in the southwestern Panthalassa.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84939963141","10.1007/s10508-014-0414-z","2015-05-01","Self-reported Sex Partner Dates for Use in Measuring Concurrent Sexual Partnerships: Correspondence Between Two Assessment Methods","92). Results of this reliability study can be used to inform the design of future studies of concurrent sexual partnerships and their association with HIV.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84928357286","10.1111/jdv.12523","2015-05-01","Nationwide population-based study of cause-specific death rates in patients with psoriasis","Abstract Background Psoriasis is a common chronic disease, mediated by type 1 and 17 helper T cell-driven inflammation. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a wide range of comorbidities and increased mortality rates. However, the current evidence on psoriasis-related mortality is limited and nationwide data have not been presented previously. Methods In a nationwide population-based cohort we evaluated all-cause and cause-specific death rates in patients with psoriasis as compared to the general population. Results The entire Danish population aged 18 and above, corresponding to a total of 5 458 627 individuals (50.7% female, 40.9 years ± 19.7), including 94 069 with mild psoriasis (53% female, 42.0 ± 17.0 years) and 28 253 with severe psoriasis (53.4% female, 43.0 ± 16.5 years), was included. A total of 884 661 deaths were recorded, including 10 916 in patients with mild psoriasis and 3699 in patients with severe psoriasis. The age at time of death varied by psoriasis status, i.e. 76.5 ± 14.0, 74.4 ± 12.8 and 72.0 ± 13.4 years, for the general population, mild psoriasis and severe psoriasis respectively. In general, the highest death rates were observed in patients with severe psoriasis. Overall death rates per 1000 patient years were 13.8 [confidence interval (CI) 13.8-13.8], 17.0 (CI 16.7-17.3) and 25.4 (CI 24.6-26.3) for the general population, patients with mild psoriasis and patients with severe psoriasis respectively. Conclusion This nationwide population-based study of cause-specific death rates in patients with psoriasis demonstrated reduced lifespan and increased rates of all examined specific causes of death in patients with psoriasis compared to the general population.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84929649332","10.1080/01431161.2015.1041618","2015-05-19","Spatial–temporal dynamics of gross primary productivity, evapotranspiration, and water-use efficiency in the terrestrial ecosystems of the Yangtze River Delta region and their relations to climatic variables","61 g C kg−1 H2O). Both GPP and ET increased with increasing annual mean temperature (Ta) and annual mean precipitation across all of the plant function types. WUE decreased as vapour pressure deficit (VPD) increased in all of the biomes. Interestingly, the relationship between WUE and VPD was the most significant in broadleaf forest. Whether this phenomenon is universal should be investigated in future studies.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84950315311","10.1007/s40710-015-0075-5","2015-06-01","Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Brown Algae Cystoseira compressa in Algerian Coasts, Mediterranean Sea","This study was undertaken to investigate and assess trace metal (Cd, Pb, Cr, and Hg) concentrations in the Cystoseira compressa algae from the coastal city of Bou Ismaïl (Algeria). Spatial and temporal variations in the concentrations of these heavy metals were studied in the following three sampling sites: site 1 and site 2 were major wastewater discharge zones and site 3 was located close to areas with high industrial activity. Seawater, sediments and algae in the wastewater from the three sites were submitted to physico-chemical analyses to determine the concentrations of heavy metals and the level of pollution in the region. The results revealed that site 1 (designed as desalination) and site 2 (designed as industrial waste) were non-compliant, which was attributed to heavy loads of heavy metals and wastewater discharged by industrial activity and absence of regular treatment. Site 3 (designed as cove koali), on the other hand, was noted to represent a reference site. Overall, the results provided evidence for the heavy metal bioaccumulation of algae from the genus Cystoseira and their efficiency for use as biomarkers of pollution in coastal areas.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84929517120","10.1111/dme.12749","2015-06-01","Diagnosis and assessment of peripheral arterial disease in the diabetic foot","Approximately half of all patients with a diabetic foot ulcer have co-existing peripheral arterial disease. Identifying peripheral arterial disease among patients with foot ulceration is important, given its association with failure to heal, amputation, cardiovascular events and increased risk of premature mortality. Infection, oedema and neuropathy, often present with ulceration, may adversely affect the performance of diagnostic tests that are reliable in patients without diabetes. Early recognition and expert assessment of peripheral arterial disease allows measures to be taken to reduce the risk of amputation and cardiovascular events, while determining the need for revascularization to promote ulcer healing. When peripheral arterial disease is diagnosed, the extent of perfusion deficit should be measured. Patients with a severe perfusion deficit, likely to affect ulcer healing, will require further imaging to define the anatomy of disease and indicate whether a revascularization procedure is appropriate.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84930958720","10.3390/s150613591","2015-06-10","A computational architecture based on RFID sensors for traceability in smart cities","Information Technology and Communications (ICT) is presented as the main element in order to achieve more efficient and sustainable city resource management, while making sure that the needs of the citizens to improve their quality of life are satisfied. A key element will be the creation of new systems that allow the acquisition of context information, automatically and transparently, in order to provide it to decision support systems. In this paper, we present a novel distributed system for obtaining, representing and providing the flow and movement of people in densely populated geographical areas. In order to accomplish these tasks, we propose the design of a smart sensor network based on RFID communication technologies, reliability patterns and integration techniques. Contrary to other proposals, this system represents a comprehensive solution that permits the acquisition of user information in a transparent and reliable way in a non-controlled and heterogeneous environment. This knowledge will be useful in moving towards the design of smart cities in which decision support on transport strategies, business evaluation or initiatives in the tourism sector will be supported by real relevant information. As a final result, a case study will be presented which will allow the validation of the proposal.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84938289283","10.1007/s10152-015-0428-5","2015-06-28","Diversity and seasonality of Pseudo-nitzschia (Peragallo) at two North Sea time-series monitoring sites","Species within the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Peragallo) have been identified as producers of domoic acid, the toxin responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning. Toxin- and non-toxin-producing species of Pseudo-nitzschia have been reported globally; however, as Pseudo-nitzschia species cannot be routinely identified to species level using light microscopy, cells are rarely recorded to species level during long-term monitoring studies. Here, we report the results of a comparative survey of Pseudo-nitzschia species at two monitoring sites in the North Sea: Stonehaven on the east coast of Scotland and Helgoland Roads in the German Bight. A difference in the seasonality of this genus was observed between the sites with Pseudo-nitzschia cells playing a major role in the spring bloom as well at the summer and autumn diatom community at Stonehaven. In contrast, Pseudo-nitzschia was abundant only during the summer months at Helgoland. Pseudo-nitzschia cells constitute a higher proportion of the diatom community at Stonehaven than at Helgoland, particularly during the late summer, autumn and winter and thus may be considered more ‘ecologically important’ at this site. A total of eight different species were recorded during this survey with five Pseudo-nitzschia species observed at the Helgoland site: P. pungens, P. fraudulenta, P. americana, P. cf. delicatissima and the potentially toxic species P. multiseries. Six species were also recorded at Stonehaven; P. australis, P cf. delicatissima, P. pungens, P. cf. pseudodelicatissima, P. subpacifica and P. seriata. This study represents the first examination of the seasonality of Pseudo-nitzschia species around Helgoland and the first comparison between two long-term monitoring sites in the North Sea. P. americana and P. multiseries are also recorded at the Helgoland Roads time-series site for the first time.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84928324472","10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.02.036","2015-07-01","Degradation and COD removal of catechol in wastewater using the catalytic ozonation process combined with the cyclic rotating-bed biological reactor","5h) and CRBR failed. Catalytic ozonation process (COP) used as a pre-treatment and could improve the performance of the failed CRBR. The overall removal efficiency of the combined process attained respective steady states of 91% and 79% for degradation and COD removal of catechol. Therefore, the combined process is more effective in degradation and COD removal of catechol; it is also a viable alternative for upgrading industrial wastewater treatment plant.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84941071662","10.3109/01460862.2015.1042171","2015-07-03","A Child's Rights Perspective: The Right of Children and Young People to Participate in Health Care Research","Copyright As all human beings are consumers of health care provision across the life span and in receipt of care delivered by accountable health care professionals, all should have the right to be involved in shaping the future of their own health care. Rights-based participation, when applied successfully, has the potential to inform and influence the delivery of child health care, the childs experience of health care, plus childrens nursing education (Coyne & Gallagher, 2011). The right of every child and young person to participate in research that relates to their own health care is also sustained by the authors lead position as a Senior Lecturer in Higher Education for pre-registration childrens nursing in Northern Ireland and the appreciation of their voice when practicing as a registered childrens nurse and ward sister. The report provides an insight into seminal work on human and child rights; the historical context of children in Western society, and the evolution of childrens nursing amid the childs right to participate in shaping their own health care.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84937509412","10.1021/acs.est.5b01913","2015-07-21","Unconventional Heavy Oil Growth and Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions","Enormous global reserves of unconventional heavy oil make it a significant resource for economic growth and energy security; however, its extraction faces many challenges especially on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, water consumption, and recently, social acceptability. Here, we question whether it makes sense to extract and use unconventional heavy oil in spite of these externalities. We place unconventional oils (oil sands and oil shale) alongside shale gas, coal, lignite, wood and conventional oil and gas, and compare their energy intensities and life cycle GHG emissions. Our results reveal that oil shale is the most energy intensive fuel among upgraded primary fossil fuel options followed by in situ-produced bitumen from oil sands. Lignite is the most GHG intensive primary fuel followed by oil shale. Based on future world energy demand projections, we estimate that if growth of unconventional heavy oil production continues unabated, the incremental GHG emissions that results from replacing conventional oil with heavy oil would amount to 4-21 Gt-CO2eq GtCO2eq over four decades (2010 by 2050). However, prevailing socio-economic, regional and global energy politics, environmental and technological challenges may limit growth of heavy oil production and thus its GHG emissions contributions to global fossil fuel emissions may be smaller.",,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84938288872","10.1016/j.ajic.2015.03.033","2015-08-01","Risk factors for extensive drug-resistance and mortality in geriatric inpatients with bacteremia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii","35), respectively. Conclusion Bacteremia is associated with a high 30-day hospital mortality rate in geriatric inpatients. Furthermore, ICU stay, bacteremia caused by XDR A baumannii, concurrent fungal infection, and age are associated with increased mortality in geriatric inpatients with A baumannii bacteremia.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84941091796","10.2113/gseegeosci.21.3.223","2015-08-01","Monitoring spatial-temporal change of land desertification in a fragile sub-alpine rangeland eco-environment: A case study from China","Zoige County, China, represents a fragile sub-alpine rangeland eco-environment with a severe land desertification problem. This paper aims at detecting land desertification change in Zoige County over 15 years with quantitative remote-sensing techniques using multi-spectral imagery. Landsat images acquired in 1994 and 2009 were analyzed using the following methodology: (1) image pre-processing; (2) spectral mixture analysis (SMA) to obtain precise sub-pixel classification results of land cover; and (3) change vector analysis (CVA) to conduct a multi-temporal comparison process. Change detection results depict the land desertification conditions and vegetation re-growth conditions. In this way, we characterized the spatialtemporal change pattern of land desertification in Zoige County between 1994 and 2009. After categorizing ecological regions based on change detection results, we analyzed the driving factors of both land desertification conditions and vegetation re-growth conditions, finding out that grasslands under intense grazing pressure tend to suffer severe desertification, while topographic relief has an obvious influence on vegetation re-growth. Specific suggestions for each ecological region are proposed, which can assist the development of environmental restoration measures and environmental protection measures in Zoige County in an effective way. Furthermore, this methodology for monitoring land desertification could be carried out across neighboring counties or in other regions with similar sub-alpine rangeland and land desertification problems.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84940747964","10.13227/j.hjkx.2015.08.051","2015-08-15","Impact of phosphogypsum wastes on the wheat growth and CO2 emissions and evanuation of economic-environmental benefit","92%; phosphogypsum as a greenhouse gas reducing agent in the wheat field, it could decrease the cost and increase the environmental benefit totally about 290 yuan per unit of ton. The results demonstrated phosphogypsum wastes could obviously decrease the CO2 emission from field soil and had a great potential to control agricultural greenhouse gases. Hopefully it has an important application perspective for the low-carbon, ecological and sustainable agricultural development.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84953790737","10.1109/ICMC.2014.7231926","2015-08-31","An automatic and cost-effective parasitemia identification framework for low-end microscopy imaging devices","In the detection of Malarial parasites from a patient, it is usually necessary to carefully examine the corresponding blood-slide smear and distinguish the infected and healthy Red Blood Cells (RBCs). If this process is done manually, as evidenced in common traditional approaches, the following challenges may be encountered: inaccuracy of the lab results, which originates from normal human errors or lack of experience of a person conducting diagnosis, and large processing times. Consequently, doctors and specialists are likely to provide improper prescriptions to patients. With the improvement of the computational power of computers, however, the whole diagnosis process can be automated. Several methods in literature have been proposed for this purpose. Most of these methods demand the availability of high-end microscopy imaging systems to generate reliable and accurate results. Such costly advanced devices may not be afforded by developing countries with sluggish economic growth. In this paper, therefore, we have developed a cost-effective framework which can address the mentioned challenge. Our approach introduces a Super Resolution (SR) model into the existing framework to enhance the resolution of the input images before letting them subjected to the subsequent detection stages. This provides a possibility for applying the low-end microscopy devices capable of capturing Low Resolution (LR) blood smear images for identifying the degree of Malaria in a patient. In the proposed framework, the SR component uses the nonlinear Charbonnier diffusion model in the regularization part because of its good regularity characteristics. Experimental results demonstrate strong correlation of our method and the manual one.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84934967167","10.1016/j.ijcha.2015.04.006","2015-09-01","Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease","026) to independently predict AKI to statistical significance by multivariate analysis. Conclusion: TAVI is a safe, acceptable treatment for patients with pre-existing CKD, however caution must be exercised, particularly in patients with pre-existing diabetes mellitus and elevated pre-operative serum creatinine levels as this confers a greater risk of AKI development, which is associated with increased short-term post-operative mortality.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84946089098","10.2175/106143015X14362865226392","2015-09-01","Critical review of technical questions facing low impact development and green infrastructure: A perspective from the Great Plains","Since its inception, Low Impact Development (LID) has become part of urban stormwater management across the United States, marking progress in the gradual transition from centralized to distributed runoff management infrastructure. The ultimate goal of LID is full, cost-effective implementation to maximize watershed-scale ecosystem services and enhance resilience. To reach that goal in the Great Plains, the multi-disciplinary author team presents this critical review based on thirteen technical questions within the context of regional climate and socioeconomics across increasing complexities in scale and function. Although some progress has been made, much remains to be done including continued basic and applied research, development of local LID design specifications, local demonstrations, and identifying funding mechanisms for these solutions. Within the Great Plains and beyond, by addressing these technical questions within a local context, the goal of widespread acceptance of LID can be achieved, resulting in more effective and resilient stormwater management.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84960401883","10.1109/Agro-Geoinformatics.2015.7248121","2015-09-09","Development of land use data product at provincial level based on HJ CCD data","69 and 78.9% for LandsatLook Images) are not very high. The area of Guangdong province is about 180,000 square kilometers. The image data used in classification are in wintertime of 2013, which is a bit different from the product of second national land survey in 2010. The result is probably reasonable when taking the factors of research area and image season and land use map time into consideration. HJ CCD data have advantages over LandsatLook Images when they were used for classifying land use types. And HJ CCD data could obtain the change of land use more effective due to high time resolution and wide coverage by two CCD sensors than LandsatLook Images. For land use mapping of whole Guangdong province, four or fewer scenes of HJ CCD images were needed. But to LandsatLook Images, it needs 15 scenes of images or more. Besides, the inner consistency of HJ CCD data is better compared with LandsatLook Images because of wide cover. In the experiment, the time spans of the four HJ CCD images is seven days while the spans of 15 LandsatLook Images is 121 days for the coverage of whole Guangdong province. Land use could stay the same almost in seven days usually. However, in 121 days, there certainly be some great change of land use happened with a vast variety of reasons.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84947460175","10.1371/journal.pone.0138292","2015-09-22","Distinct yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) stocks detected in western and central pacific ocean (WCPO) using DNA microsatellites","With these findings, this study posits that the yellowfin tuna population in the Philippines is a separate stock from the Bismarck Sea population. These findings add evidence to the alternative hypothesis of having at least 2 subpopulations of yellowfin tuna in the WCPO and calls for additional scientific studies using other parameters to investigate this. Accurate population information is necessary in formulating a more appropriate management strategy for the sustainability of the yellowfin tuna not only in the Philippines but also in the WCPO. Copyright:",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84945469575","10.1007/s11356-015-4823-x","2015-10-01","Laboratory calibration and field testing of the Chemcatcher-Metal for trace levels of rare earth elements in estuarine waters","01 mL h−1 (13 °C; 1 m s−1). Similar results were obtained for the different REEs under investigation. The water turbulence was the most important influence on uptake. The uptake rates were appropriate to ascertain time-weighted average concentrations of REEs during a field experiment in the Elbe Estuary near Cuxhaven Harbor (exposure time 4 weeks). REE concentrations were determined to be in the range 0.2 to 13.8 ng L−1, where the highest concentrations were found for neodymium and samarium. In comparison, most of the spot samples measured along the Chemcatcher samples had REE concentrations below the limit of detection, in particular due to necessary dilution to minimize the analytical problems that arise with the high salt content in marine water samples. This study was among the first efforts to measure REE levels in the field using a passive sampling approach. Our results suggest that passive samplers could be an effective tool to monitor ultra-trace concentrations of REEs in coastal waters with high salt content.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84948676376","10.1093/cercor/bhu120","2015-10-01","Convergent and divergent fMRI responses in children and adults to increasing language production demands","In adults, patterns of neural activation associated with perhaps the most basic language skill-overt object naming-are extensively modulated by the psycholinguistic and visual complexity of the stimuli. Do children's brains react similarly when confronted with increasing processing demands, or they solve this problem in a different way? Here we scanned 37 children aged 7-13 and 19 young adults who performed a well-normed picture-naming task with 3 levels of difficulty. While neural organization for naming was largely similar in childhood and adulthood, adults had greater activation in all naming conditions over inferior temporal gyri and superior temporal gyri/supramarginal gyri. Manipulating naming complexity affected adults and children quite differently: neural activation, especially over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, showed complexity-dependent increases in adults, but complexity-dependent decreases in children. These represent fundamentally different responses to the linguistic and conceptual challenges of a simple naming task that makes no demands on literacy or metalinguistics. We discuss how these neural differences might result from different cognitive strategies used by adults and children during lexical retrieval/production as well as developmental changes in brain structure and functional connectivity.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84923850103","10.3305/nh.2015.31.3.8082","2015-10-03","Prevalence of malnutrition in Spanish institutionalized older people: A multicentric nationwide analysis Prevalencia de desnutrición en personas mayores institucionalizadas en España: Un análisis multicéntrico nacional","08 years and 66.1% were women with high comorbidity. At admission, 30.4% of the sample was in malnutrition and 49.4% at risk of malnutrition. A higher prevalence of malnutrition is found in women, in those coming from an acute care hospital or its outpatient clinics, with worse functional and cognitive status and those with chronic conditions such as dementia, cerebrovascular disease or dysphagia. Conclusions: As demonstrated by the study results, people admitted to SARquavitae nursing homes present a high clinical complexity. Comprehensive assessments are needed that allow establishing specific care plans for people with complex care needs in nursing homes.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84959474863","10.1109/URSI-AT-RASC.2015.7303225","2015-10-21","Statistical analysis of scattered field by building facades","Wireless communications experienced a great expansion worldwide and the networks are very dense in urban areas. Predictive tools are essential to assess the distribution of electromagnetic fields in a fast and accurate way in order to optimize the implementation of base stations and minimize the human exposure. Wave propagation simulators are based on different models of urban environment and employ appropriate calculation methods. We can mention empirical, statistical, theoretical, site-specific models or a combination of them to generate a hybrid model. Given the complex and variable environment, the prediction of electromagnetic fields with such deterministic simulators has to be accompanied by an acceptable amount of uncertainty. Consequently the assessment of the electromagnetic waves in urban environment in terms of the propagation of uncertainties presents an important challenge. In order to integrate the statistical dimension into simulations and measurements, different numerical methods can be used. Here we propose the polynomial chaos expansion which is a good candidate for a parsimonious approach able to provide with various types of statistical information. This method is an advanced statistical technique which by using a polynomial expansion, provides a meta-model for the physical model.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84954310266","10.1002/bbb.1570","2015-11-01","Life cycle assessment of an integrated forest biorefinery: Hot water extraction process case study","The environmental footprint of bioproducts depends on the performance and implementation strategy of the biorefinery processes through which they are produced. Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies are categorized into two general types: attributional and consequential. The consequential life cycle assessment (CLCA) method illustrates the change of flows to and from environment, resulting from different potential decisions. Depending on the analysis goal, CLCA is known to be the proper approach to address the environmental analysis of integrated biorefineries with multiple bioproducts. In this study, an LCA of hot water extraction-based biorefinery strategy was performed, including five production pathways. Defined process options consisted of an extraction of hemicellulose to produce (i) biogas, (ii) hemicellulose for animal feed, (iii) hemicellulose for C5-sugars, (iv) C5-sugars, and (v) furfural. Except for the biogas, acetate salt was the by-product of all the process options. Consequential LCA results proved that the bark consumption, chemicals, and bioproducts transportation have significant environmental impacts. 'Hemicellulose for C5-sugars' and 'C5-sugars' outperformed other alternative options with a greenhouse gas reduction of 80% and 68%, respectively. Also, normalized results of these two options presented remarkable improvement of more than three times in human health impacts in comparison to existing process at the case study mill.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84947495839","10.1016/j.envres.2015.08.009","2015-11-01","Marine environmental contamination: Public awareness, concern and perceived effectiveness in five European countries","Given the potential of Perceived Consumer Effectiveness (PCE) in shaping pro-environmental behavior, the relationships between PCE, awareness of causes of contaminants in the marine environment, and concern about marine environmental contamination were investigated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). PCE is the belief that an individual has in being able to make a difference when acting alone. A web-based survey was performed in one western European country (Belgium), one northern European country (Ireland) and three southern European countries (Italy, Portugal and Spain), resulting in a total sample size of 2824 participants. The analyses confirm that European citizens are concerned about marine environmental problems. Participants from the southern countries reported the highest concern. In addition, the study participants did not have a strong belief in themselves in being capable of making a difference in tackling marine environmental problems. However, a higher awareness, which was associated with a higher degree of concern, enhanced the belief that an individual can make a difference in tackling marine environmental problems, though only when a concrete action was proposed. Consequently, information campaigns focusing on pro-environmental behavior are recommended to raise public awareness about marine environmental problems and at the same time explicitly refer to concrete possible actions. The findings indicate that when only awareness and concern are raised without mentioning a concrete action, PCE might even decrease and render the communication effort ineffective.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84949459736","10.11947/j.AGCS.2015.20140677","2015-11-01","Spatial distribution and ten years change of global built-up areas derived from GlobeLand30","26% of the total increased built-up areas comes from the arable land. These results provide reliable spatio-temporal information to the study of human domination of Earth's ecosystems and global monitoring.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1
"2-s2.0-84962550991","10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326354","2015-11-10","Land management monitoring of near-natural areas through an integrated analysis of multi-temporal satellite data in a model framework","7 %. After the consolidation of the method on this scale further land management products can be developed that are based on the underlying land surface model data.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84949207330",,"2015-12-01","Housing markets, economic productivity, and risk: International evidence and policy implications for Australia","Inefficient housing markets can have widespread and lasting impacts on productivity and the wider economy. Poor spatial structures, for example, mean increased travel time and congestion, while lack of affordable housing near employment exacerbates social inequalities and constrains the effective operation of labour markets. The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) has exposed potential for significant negative spillovers between housing and the broader economy. A number of studies and government inquiries have shown how Australia's fiscal settings have stimulated housing demand without directly supporting new production, thus exacerbating price inflation and consequent affordability pressures. At the same time, it is unclear how effective recent policy efforts to alleviate potential constraints to new supply have been in addressing Australia's housing market problems. In this context, and building on recent international experience, this project, funded by the Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (AHURI), aimed to examine key concepts and identify key indicators of housing system efficiency, responsiveness, and risks, relevant to Australia. It also aimed to examine wider implications of particular housing supply settings and outcomes, for economic productivity in Australian cities and regions.",,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84949107206","10.1007/s12157-015-0622-8","2015-12-01","Practices of paramedical staff in hospital’s environnement in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) facing the risk of hepatitis B’s contamination by occupational accidents Pratiques du personnel paramédical en milieu hospitalier à Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire) face au risque de contamination du virus de l’hépatite B par des accidents de travail","001). Conclusion: The paramedics’practices in front of risk of occupational accidents in the HBVare improving.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84941923336","10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.08.023","2015-12-01","Two-step partial nitritation/Anammox process in granulation reactors: Start-up operation and microbial characterization","14. The deviation to the theoretical stoichiometry could be attributed to the presence of heterotrophic biomass in the Anammox reactor (mainly members of Chlorobi and Chloroflexi). Planctomycetes accounted for 7% of the global community, being members of Brocadia (1.4% of the total abundance) the main anaerobic ammonium oxidizer detected.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84955204902","10.1111/hex.12218","2015-12-01","Online health information, situational effects and health changes among e-patients in Israel: A 'push/pull' perspective","Background/context: Access and use of online health information become increasingly important to health-oriented individual that may have implication for their health and wellness. The phenomenon of e-patients suggests that e-patients use the internet to increase health literacy and achieve health information about diagnosis, treatments, specialists and well-being before undergoing a health changes. Online health information may not 'fit' consultations with providers mainly when online source of information is trusted mainly when e-patients express lack of satisfaction with health-care providers. The strain between the two becomes evident when e-patients consider health changes. Objective: We examine health changes among e-patients. We assess the relationship between (a) trust in online health information and (b) satisfaction with health-care provider to predict two types of health changes: (a) well-being and (b) health-care changes. We also control for 'situational' effects including socio-economic and chronic illness variations. Design: A telephone survey was conducted in 2010 in Israel among approximately 4000 individuals. Setting and participants: Two-thousand individuals completed interviews (54% response rate). Seventy percentage were Internet users (n = 1371). Main variables: Well-being health changes; health-care changes; satisfaction with institutional health-care provider; chronic illness: socio-economic: age, gender; marital status; education. Main outcome measures: Socio-economic and health status differences generate variations in use of online health information; trusting online health positively affects well-being - not health-care - changes but satisfaction with health-care provider positively improves the likelihood for health-care changes. Findings: The results indicate that (a) e-patients use online health information to make well-being health changes - starting a diet or physical activity programme - but not health-care changes - in medication or in health-care provider - (b) satisfaction with institutional health provider has a significant effect on health-care decisions (c) chronically ill are not likely to use online health information. Discussion: E-patients' expectations from health-care institutional providers play a central role in initiating health changes. Access and use of online health information provide an alternative/additional channel for information when e-patients consider health changes and create a push/pull decision-making strain on both providers and recipients of health services. Health-care providers should address e-patients'concerns, mainly in cases of chronic illness concerns, and point to the boundaries of online health information. Traditional and novel sources of health information can increase health empowerment and better health care when communication channels between health providers and e-patients are comfortably verified in advance and agreed upon.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84949740126","10.1922/CDH_3813-Wennström06","2015-12-01","Perceived mental stress in relation to oral health over time in middle-aged Swedish women","Objectives: To study perceived mental stress in relation to oral health among Swedish middle-aged women over a 36-year period, including considerations concerning smoking and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: This combined medical and dental study includes three cross-sectional (1968/9 N=746, 1980/1 N=432, 2004/5 N=500) surveys of 38- and 50-year-old women included in the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Panoramic radiography was used to register the number of teeth, filled teeth and decayed teeth and the level of periodontal bone loss. The information concerning perceived mental stress, smoking and education (chosen to represent SES) was questionnaire-based. Results: Perceived mental stress increased over the 36-year period, but was not related to oral health. The time of examination year had a protective effect on oral health, with a larger number of remaining teeth, fewer decayed teeth and less periodontal bone loss in the later examination year, 2004/5, compared with 1968/9. Risk factors for poor oral health were smoking, greater age (50 vs. 38 years) and low educational level. Smokers had fewer filled teeth than non-smokers except in 2004/5, and there was a shift over time towards fewer filled teeth among highly educated women. Conclusions: A remarkable increase in perceived mental stress was seen among the women over time, but was not associated with oral health. Smoking, greater age and low educational were risk factors for poor oral health, whereas a later examination year was a protective factor.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84938960895","10.1186/s12885-015-1419-2","2015-12-12","Opportunistic mammography screening provides effective detection rates in a limited resource healthcare system","65 % in women 50 years and above. The performance indicators are within international standards. Early-staged breast cancer (Stage 0-2) were 84.6 % in the screening groups compared to 61.1 % in the diagnostic group. Conclusion: From the results, in a setting with resource constraints, targeted screening of high risk individuals will give a higher yield, and if more resources are available, population-based screening of women 50 and above is effective. Opportunistic mammographic screening is feasible and effective in a middle income country with performance indicators within international standards. Waiting until women are symptomatic will lead to more advanced cancers.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84964635625","10.1109/MASS.2015.17","2015-12-28","A context aware energy-saving scheme for smart camera phones based on activity sensing","Nowadays more and more users tend to take photos with their smart phones. However, energy-saving continues to be a thorny problem for smart camera phones, since smart phone photographing is a very power hungry function. In this paper, we propose a context aware energy-saving scheme for smart camera phones, by accurately sensing the user's activities in the photographing process. Our solution is based on the observation that during the process of photographing, most of the energy are wasted in the preparations before the shooting. By leveraging the embedded sensors like the accelerometer and gyroscope, our solution is able to extract representative features to perceive the user's current activities including body movement, arm movement and wrist movement. Furthermore, by maintaining an activity state machine, our solution can accurately determine the user's current activity states and make the corresponding energy saving strategies. Experiment results show that, our solution is able to perceive the user's activities with an average accuracy of 95.5% and reduce the overall energy consumption by 46.5% for smart camera phones compared to that without energy-saving scheme.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84973322352",,"2016-01-01","Sustainable innovation's overview in food and wood industrial plant in Mato Grosso-Brazil Panorama da inovação sustentável na matriz industrial dos segmentos de alimentos e madeira de Mato Grosso-Brasil","The economic growth of Mato Grosso in the last four decades is presented as a reflection of public policies implemented in the state, although the direction for the commoditie's production has generated significant impacts on the environment and in the local society. Moreover, sustainable innovation in industries might become a factor of diversification and optimization of industrial production matrix of the state. Thus, the objective of this thesis is the ability to detect adherence of Food and Wood industries of Mato Grosso over the paradigm of sustainable innovation. The exploratory study was operationalized through a field study in which 1149 industries formed the universe, a random with 92 responses of entrepreneurs, 57 wood's and 35 food's supply. The data collected from January to July 2012 were statistically analyzed by SPSS 17. Such analyzes have revealed that sustainable innovation is not yet configured as a reality, lacking basic structural conditions to enable the operation of the system, however there is strong evidence that entrepreneurs are pursuing innovation in processes, seek information, encouraging their employees to innovate and already adopt some practices related to sustainable management.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,
"2-s2.0-84986882210",,"2016-01-01","The use of ICT tools to iincrease energy efficiency in European Districts: District of future project","The District of Future (DoF) is a project for reducing energy consumption, increasing energy efficiency and using renewable energy in city districts. It aims to demonstrate that energy consumption and CO2 emissions of a district can be reduced by 30-40% through utilising an ICT platform based on Fl WARE. This project will provide buildings with an energy analysis and modelling platform to improve energy efficiency and help authorities and citizens to take appropriate decisions. DoF combines different forms of energy distribution by integrating heterogeneous data which allows to achieve great flexibility and scalability. By reapplying the DoF approach in other European districts the project will make a contribution to the sustainability incorporated in the EC's 2020 Energy and Climate Change objectives. Currently, three European cities pal'ticipate as demonstrators: Sabadell (Spain), Orleans (France) and Corby (UK).",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84995610105",,"2016-01-01","The European commission's role in marine materials, equipment and components mutual recognition certification","The European Commission in the past has updated the regulations regarding marine operations in order to enhance safety and protection of the environment. In that respect and with the scope to enhance safety onboard ships, Regulation No 391/2009 and in particular Article 10 on certification of ships suggested that EU Recognised Organisations (EU ROs) should harmonise their rules and procedures related to certification of materials, equipment and components based on equivalent standards issued by them. As a result the EU ROs Mutual Recognition (MR) scheme was initiated. This article investigates the current implementation of the requirements of Article 10 through the developed questionnaire and case studies. The results have shown that while safety is considered at the highest level, the current implementation needs further improvement and harmonisation of individual rules, which can be delivered as the process matures. Additional information and dissemination of the overall MR process is also required engaging all marine industry. The current implementation is regarded as acceptable; however, the expansion of the scheme is a cause for concern. Finally, global acceptance of the MR scheme remains a challenge to be overcome.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85010607022",,"2016-01-01","Hate spin: The manufacture of religious offense and its threat to democracy","In the United States, elements of the religious right fuel fears of an existential Islamic threat, spreading anti-Muslim rhetoric into mainstream politics. In Indonesia, Muslim absolutists urge suppression of churches and minority sects, fostering a climate of rising intolerance. In India, Narendra Modi's radical supporters instigate communal riots and academic censorship in pursuit of their Hindu nationalist vision. Outbreaks of religious intolerance are usually assumed to be visceral and spontaneous. But in Hate Spin, Cherian George shows that they often involve sophisticated campaigns manufactured by political opportunists to mobilize supporters and marginalize opponents. Right-wing networks orchestrate the giving of offense and the taking of offense as instruments of identity politics, exploiting democratic space to promote agendas that undermine democratic values. George calls this strategy hate spin-a double-sided technique that combines hate speech (incitement through vilification) with manufactured offense-taking (the performing of righteous indignation). It is deployed in societies as diverse as Buddhist Myanmar and Orthodox Christian Russia. George looks at the world's three largest democracies, where intolerant groups within India's Hindu right, America's Christian right, and Indonesia's Muslim right are all accomplished users of hate spin. He also shows how the Internet and Google have opened up new opportunities for cross-border hate spin. George argues that governments must protect vulnerable communities by prohibiting calls to action that lead directly to discrimination and violence. But laws that try to protect believers' feelings against all provocative expression invariably backfire. They arm hate spin agents' offense-taking campaigns with legal ammunition. Anti-discrimination laws and a commitment to religious equality will protect communities more meaningfully than misguided attempts to insulate them from insult.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85017028268",,"2016-01-01","IEA HIA R,D&D: Cultivating sustainability in the climate change era","In the climate change era, the role of R,D&D cooperation becomes ever more central to the quest for sustainability. The International Energy Agency Hydrogen Implementing Agreement (IEA HIA), part of the IEA Technology Network, is recognized as a premier global resource for technical expertise in hydrogen R,D&D.[1] Created in 1977, the IEA HIA is the largest and longest-lived cooperation in hydrogen R,D&D. Today, it is comprised of 25 members, predominantly countries but also international organizations, companies and public-private partnerships. Together, IEA HIA members undertake coordinated R,D&D aimed at realizing their vision of a clean, sustainable energy supply that plays a key role in all sectors of the economy.[2] Discussed here are the IEA HIA's portfolio of R,D&D tasks together with our supporting analysis and outreach activities, and the Strategic Plan 2015-2020 that guides our sustainability efforts.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,
"2-s2.0-85020681798",,"2016-01-01","Assessment of filtration performance and applicability of low-cost ceramic membranes to membrane bioreactor (MBR) for municipal wastewater treatment","01 to 5 μm. In this study, the performance of ceramic membrane filtration was investigated in batch and continuous filtration modes. The individual effect of filtration time and influent pollutant concentration on filtration removal efficiencies was also studied. Furthermore, the characteristics of the membrane such as treatment performance, operating parameters, pressure (TMP) change, and flux reduction were investigated. Ceramic membranes provided a 72% yield based on the initial flow rate with a short term physical cleaning. The average reduction rate for chemical oxygen demand (COD) was approximately 95% for the membrane bioreactor treating municipal wastewater. The obtained results show that the ceramic microfiltration membrane can be efficiently used in a membrane bioreactor process for the treatment of municipal wastewater. In addition, the membranes were characterised by a reduced manufacturing cost since Turkey provides an ample supply for used and recycled raw materials with acceptable properties.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85043582577",,"2016-01-01","Identifying consumers’profiles concerning residential lighting","Reducing electricity consumption, by decreasing residential light-ing, falls in the range of measures aimed to save 20% of primary energy consump-tion in European Union, up to 2020, and further to improve energy efficiency after 2020. Public lighting and appliances is about 14 % of total electricity consump-tion, in Romania. New energy efficient lighting technologies might contribute to a substantial decreasing of household electricity consumption. Data set used to ap-ply the scientific methodology presented in the paper was gathered in a survey re-search, aiming to investigate Romanians attitude and behavior about lighting con-sumption in households. The goals of this research paper are both to identify the factors associated with the replacement of old incandescent lamps, with the new energy efficient compact fluorescent lamps and light emitting diodes, and to identi-fy Romanian typologies of consumers and the patterns of their behavior. In order to accomplish the research goals, a model of analysis, based on Cluster Analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis methods has been proposed in the paper.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84954384165","10.1002/casp.2239","2016-01-01","Beyond Ethics to Morality: Choices and Relationships in Bicultural Research Settings","As community and applied social psychologists, it is crucial that we know ourselves as cultural beings, appreciate the values and beliefs of those with whom we work and understand the history of relations among those in our work settings. In New Zealand, research by non-Māori involving Māori has often mirrored the harmful colonising practices of the nation's wider history. In response, several frameworks have been developed setting out conditions and guidelines in which non-Māori might conduct research in Māori settings responsibly and usefully. Nevertheless, views differ on the ways, and extent to which, non-Māori might be involved. Most guidelines do not provide answers to ethical nuances that may arise. This article discusses the experiences of a non-Māori community psychologist engaging in research in a predominantly Māori setting. It describes how the first author carefully negotiated entry into the setting, built relationships based on mutuality, sought expert guidance, exercised an ethic of caring, and ensured that the research was accountable to the community. We believe that there are important lessons here for researchers from dominant groups undertaking research in indigenous and minority communities.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84978215465","10.1007/978-3-319-28643-3_12","2016-01-01","The role of mobile in delivering sanitation services","Lack of access to adequate sanitation has a considerable impact on public health, leading to mortality from diarrhea to stunting and malnutrition for children, directly affecting their school attendance. Open defecation, in addition to highly impacting privacy and dignity of individuals, is unsafe, especially for women, who are far more vulnerable to the risk of physical and sexual assault. Governments have the responsibility to improve sanitation capacity, but have often failed to provide service supply chain for operation and maintenance. Most practitioners also recognize that building a toilet cannot ensure that it will be used. In rural locations, sustainable access to sanitation is challenged by poor distribution networks, low availability to local sanitation solutions and open defecation behaviors. Growing mobile and data connectivity and use of mobile monitoring tools (SMS or applications), can improve understanding of community sanitation behaviors, while allowing service providers to develop more efficient supply chain and customer relationship management.",,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85018070650","10.1007/978-3-319-42940-3_8","2016-01-01","Accelerating the mathematical development of young Navajo children","We describe a fulfilling 7-year relationship between educational practice and program evaluation at the STAR School, an Arizona public charter dedicated to providing excellent education for Navajo children in a rural, impoverished area. Previous literature had empirically identified Pre/K math and language skills as predictors of future school success. Therefore, a Montessori-based curriculum with trained teachers was implemented. It provided high quality preschool math education that was congruent with Navajo cultural values. Program evaluation and educators’ insights comprised a long-term collaboration that guided annual improvement of the program. Children’s data on growth in math, language, and social development are summarized for the most recent 3 years of the program, as are parental assessments of the school. Results indicate that this program has been highly successful with Pre and K students. They entered more than a year behind, on average, in math concepts and language. By the end of their Pre/K experience virtually all of the children were at or above grade level in math. We believe that our work underscores the value of creating long-term collaborative relationships between rural educators who are implementing promising educational practices and dedicated researchers who can offer beneficial empirical and theoretical perspectives.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065718042","10.1007/978-981-10-0216-8_9","2016-01-01","Challenges to the Democratisation of Knowledge: Status Hierarchies and Emerging Inequalities in Educational Opportunities Amongst Oil Palm Settlers in Papua New Guinea","This chapter examines the educational levels and opportunities among migrant oil palm farming households in the three main oil palm-growing areas of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Whilst average adult education levels in oil palm farming communities are higher than the national average, they are still low given most children do not finish primary school. Moreover, findings indicate that population and income pressures are leading to increasing social and economic stratification within and between families. Inequality is most evident by the fact that children from families without regular access to oil palm income have lower education levels than those children from families living on the same block who regularly receive oil palm income. Stratification as differential educational opportunities is a new phenomenon reflecting greater individualism and the rise of market relations and has considerable development implications particularly for policies aimed at reducing poverty and vulnerability levels in rural PNG.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84966727880","10.1016/B978-0-12-803615-0.00003-0","2016-01-01","Efficiency of U.S. State EPA Emission Rate Goals for 2030: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach","We use Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) data to investigate which U.S. states will be efficient at minimizing their emission rates according to the 2030 goals of the EPA. After reviewing the emerging environmental/sustainable finance literature we find that there is no current finance methodology/study that directly evaluates the efficiency of environmental policies. We have to resort to environmental economics methodology to evaluate the efficiency of the states. By using data envelopment analysis (simple, cross, and super efficiency models), we assess which states are more likely to minimize or reduce their emission rates. According to our analysis, Alaska, Rhode Island, Hawaii, North Dakota, and Maine are more likely to achieve their targets.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84949486421","10.1016/j.envres.2015.09.020","2016-01-01","Urbanization and environmental change during the economic transition on the Mongolian Plateau: Hohhot and Ulaanbaatar","The research presented here highlights the following as key determinants for urbanization and environmental change: (1) the co-evolution of urbanization, economic development, and environmental change; (2) the urbanization of transitional economies driven by the change of the economic structure, i.e., the development by both manufacturing and tertiary sectors and the change in the primary sector; and (3) the recent institutional changes and increased integration with the global economy.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84971290221","10.1016/j.procs.2016.04.157","2016-01-01","Optimization of a Heated Platform Based on Statistical Annealing of Critical Design Parameters in a 3D Printing Application","37% from 2014 to 2020 1. As in any new technology there are trade-offs and this work reports on an approach to optimize or save in power consumption for such systems. Because the 3D printing process is focused about producing three dimensional (3D) solid objects from a digital file, power consumption is an important consideration. This paper presents the prototype of a heated platform designed for use in higher-end 3D printers. The goal of this prototype was to improve the energy efficiency and reduce the power consumption of a 3D printer by employing an innovative and validated heating circuitry or platform without compromising print quality. For this investigation a 3D printer that has a surface component with dimensions of 10in X 10in is selected. As a baseline for comparison, the calculated power consumption under standard operating conditions is 50W where the source is 12 V DC. The paper herein expands on key design parameters, presents the preliminary design calculations, and describes comparable products researched and statistical improvements over those products.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84957058815","10.1016/j.ufug.2015.12.009","2016-01-01","Relationship between urban green spaces and other features of urban morphology with traffic noise distribution","The effect of greenery on traffic noise mitigation has been extensively studied on the level of single plants, green walls, berms and hedges, but not considering whole sample areas within the cities. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between features of urban morphology related to green spaces, roads or buildings and traffic noise distribution in urban areas. The analysis was applied in eight UK cities with different historical and architectural background, following two different settlement forms (radial, linear). In each city a 30 km2 grid was defined and three different levels of approach were considered (macro-scale, meso-scale, micro-scale). The first level regarded the eight cities as single entities, while in the second one every single tile of the applied grid was investigated in two different cities. In the third level only the eight city centres were analyzed. Statistical analysis was used combined with GIS tools. In total 18 variables were constructed and tested for possible relationships with noise levels (Lden). It was found that in spite of the fact that each city has its own dynamic and form, features of urban morphology were related to traffic noise levels to a different extent at each scale. At the macro-scale, the green space pattern was related to the structure of the city as well as the traffic noise levels in combination with the rest of the morphological parameters. At the meso-scale, an increase in internal road connectivity contributed to higher traffic noise. Green space variables explained part of the variance in traffic prediction models. Finally, at the micro-scale, it was also proved that different areas can have the same building coverage but different noise levels. Therefore, these indexes could be profiled and used as an a priori tool for urban sound planning.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85018237221","10.1057/978-1-137-50487-6_4","2016-01-01","Long-term unemployed youth in Switzerland: Coping with exclusion from the labor market in a country with low unemployment","This chapter examines the effects of long-term unemployment for youth social inclusion and personal well-being in Switzerland. Studying such effects in a context of low unemployment contributes to understanding how unemployment negatively affects everyday life and, in particular, how it hinders personal well-being and self-confidence. In such a context, being unemployed is more stigmatizing as the individuals confronted with unemployment tend to blame themselves and have to face more prejudices against them. Thus, unemployed youth suffer from a loss of personal well-being that might be stronger than in contexts characterized by higher levels of unemployment. We stress in particular the role of the social support provided by family members, friends, and partners in mitigating the effects of unemployment.",,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85009968331","10.1080/1065657X.2016.1171739","2016-01-01","Composting of aged reed bed biosolids for beneficial reuse: A case study in New Jersey, USA","Reed beds with Phragmites australis (common reed) have been utilized to decrease the water, nutrient, and volatile solids content of sewage sludge. An efficient disposal/reuse option was sought for reed bed biosolids accumulated over a 15-year period at a wastewater treatment facility in New Jersey, USA. The study facility had 14 reed beds, each with 1000 wet tons capacity, which were full, and so the solids needed to be removed. Because P. australis is considered an invasive species in New Jersey and several other states in the United States, disposal or reuse of solids containing this plant is regulated. Composting was examined as a potential treatment for destroying the plant’s reproductive rhizomes. The high temperatures achieved during composting were also tested to determine if regulatory criteria for pathogen reduction could be met, making the composted product suitable for unrestricted land application. Preliminary studies indicated the sludge had stabilized to the point where self-heating did not occur. Among the carbon amendments tested in the laboratory to stimulate compositing activity, Phragmites above-ground biomass was determined to be most suitable. In a field test, Phragmites above-ground biomass was mixed with reed bed biosolids at a 1:2 (w/w) ratio. The temperatures achieved resulted in complete mortality of Phragmites rhizomes. In laboratory tests, rhizomes placed in a drying oven at 50°C for 24 h, or 55°C for 12 h, showed 100% plant mortality. However, under field conditions pile temperatures could not be maintained long enough for the sludge to meet the USEPA 503 biosolids time-temperature pathogen rule requirements for unrestricted land application, even though sample fecal coliform counts did meet regulatory limits.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84988421011","10.1108/IJDI-06-2016-0033","2016-01-01","Food security in Cambodia: trends and policy objectives"," Practical implications: To tackle the food security challenges, the Government of Cambodia focuses on food-based social safety nets in the sectors of education, nutrition and productive assets/livelihoods support, to enable longer-term, nationally owned food security solutions. Originality/value: The paper draws conclusions using a range of recently proposed food security indicators and offers a perspective for policy formulation which may be of interest to development scholars and practitioners.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84948145237","10.1111/jiec.12359","2016-01-01","Net Zero Fort Carson: Integrating Energy, Water, and Waste Strategies to Lower the Environmental Impact of a Military Base","Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.Military bases resemble small cities and face similar sustainability challenges. As pilot studies in the U.S. Army Net Zero program, 17 locations are moving to 100% renewable energy, zero depletion of water resources, and/or zero waste to landfill by 2020. Some bases target net zero in a single area, such as water, whereas two bases, including Fort Carson, Colorado, target net zero in all three areas. We investigated sustainability strategies that appear when multiple areas (energy, water, and waste) are integrated. A system dynamics model is used to simulate urban metabolism through Fort Carson's energy, water, and waste systems. Integrated scenarios reduce environmental impact up to 46% from the 2010 baseline, whereas single-dimension scenarios (energy-only, water-only, and waste-only) reduce impact, at most, 20%. Energy conserving technologies offer mutual gains, reducing annual energy use 18% and water use 15%. Renewable energy sources present trade-offs: Concentrating solar power could supply 11% of energy demand, but increase water demand 2%. Waste to energy could supply 40% of energy demand and reduce waste to landfill >80%, but increase water demand between 1% and 22% depending on cooling system and waste tonnage. Outcomes depend on how the Fort Carson system is defined, because some components represent multiple net zero areas (food represents waste and energy), and some actions require embodied resources (energy generation potentially requires water and off-base feedstock). We suggest that integrating multiple net zero goals can lead to lower environmental impact for military bases.",,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84960155870","10.1155/2016/2410573","2016-01-01","Discovery of Naturally Etched Fission Tracks and Alpha-Recoil Tracks in Submarine Glasses: Reevaluation of a Putative Biosignature for Earth and Mars","Copyright Over the last two decades, conspicuously biogenic-looking corrosion microtextures have been found to occur globally within volcanic glass of the in situ oceanic crust, ophiolites, and greenstone belts dating back to ∼3.5 Ga. These so-called tubular and granular microtextures are widely interpreted to represent bona fide microbial trace fossils; however, possible nonbiological origins for these complex alteration microtextures have yet to be explored. Here, we reevaluate the origin of these enigmatic microtextures from a strictly nonbiological standpoint, using a case study on submarine glasses from the western North Atlantic Ocean (DSDP 418A). By combining petrographic and SEM observations of corrosion microtextures at the glass-palagonite interface, considerations of the tectonic setting, measurement of U and Th concentrations of fresh basaltic glass by ICP-MS, and theoretical modelling of the present-day distribution of radiation damage in basaltic glass caused by radioactive decay of U and Th, we reinterpret these enigmatic microtextures as the end product of the preferential corrosion/dissolution of radiation damage (alpha-recoil tracks and fission tracks) in the glass by seawater, possibly combined with pressure solution etch-tunnelling. Our findings have important implications for geomicrobiology, astrobiological exploration of Mars, and understanding of the long-term breakdown of nuclear waste glass.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84991798387","10.1186/s12902-016-0127-5","2016-01-01","Pro inflammatory interleukins and thyroid function in Naswar (dipping tobacco) users: A case control study","Background: Naswar is a type of finely ground, moistened smokeless dipping tobacco product being commonly used in Pakistan. Although, nicotine is the most important psychoactive agent present in Naswar, it also exerts immunosuppressive effects and could alter the levels of cytokines. Additionally, the effects of Naswar consumption on thyroid hormones are not known. Methods: Eighty healthy males aged 16-43 years were selected for the study and were divided into a control group comprising 31 healthy subjects with no history of tobacco use in any form, with age matched test group comprising 49 exclusive Naswar users who were consuming Naswar for at least 1 year. Estimation of serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was carried out. The data was analyzed by statistical programme (SPSS) using student's independent samples t-test. One way Anova followed by post hoc Tukey test was applied to assess parameters in Naswar users grouped according to duration of Naswar usage. Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied to assess correlations between parameters. Results: IL-1β was found to be significantly lowered in Naswar users compared to the control group whereas serum FT3 and FT4 levels in Naswar users were significantly raised compared to the control group. However, no differences in the levels of serum IL-6 and TSH between Naswar users and the control group were found. Also, serum FT3 and FT4 were consistently raised whereas IL-1β was lowered in Naswar users irrespective of duration of Naswar consumption. IL-1β was negatively correlated with FT3 in Naswar users. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Naswar users might be in an immune suppressive state as evident by the lowered levels of interleukin 1β. Additionally, alterations in the levels of thyroid hormones signify the impact of Naswar consumption on thyroid function.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84956896855","10.13136/isr.v6i1.125","2016-01-01","Crisis, social inequality and consumption - A Dutch perspective","Inequalities have been exacerbating in the Netherlands since the economic crisis hit ground in 2008, with poverty increasing substantially. The amount of the Dutch population living under the poverty line increased from 7,4 % in 2010 to 10,3 % in 2013. Different types of household are affected: single parent and one-person households, as well as those with migration background. Moreover, life course influences are inherent in the rising amount of children and of elderly in poverty. The aim of this paper is to provide empirical evidence on how new inequalities impact the consumption of food, housing and mobility. Inequalities in food consumption are manifested in the growing amount of food packages handed out by foodbanks increased by 30 % (2012-2013). Housing cost makes up a substantial share of the total expenditure for consumers with lower income and social inequalities become visible in the increasing late payments on mortgages as well as on energy and water consumption. Mobility is of interest, because low-income households appear to cut expenditure on mobility, considering the proportion low-income households spent on mobility is lower as households above the poverty line (7 and 11 % respectively). This paper sheds empirical light on consumption inequalities by providing quantitative empirical evidence. A combination of statistical data is analysed. Life-course influences thereby indicate different peculiarities of consumption inequalities in the types of households affected by poverty.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84996606659","10.15203/ozp.1318.vol45iss1","2016-01-01","Performance and inclusion in commercialised services and fragmented employment Leistung und Inklusion in kommerzialisierten Dienstleistungen und fragmentierter Beschäftigung","During the last two decades, public services have faced far-reaching changes leading to a modified understanding of occupational performance. This article describes these developments using postal services as an example. The liberalisation of the market, the commercialisation of the service and the privatisation of the organisations strongly impacted on work and employment. From the perspective of workers the results of such comprehensive change include a tightening of performance conditions, changes in the definition of performance and an erosion of the principle of merit. This fundamentally questions the social inclusion of the new entrants in particular but also that of long-standing workers.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84992143331","10.17269/CJPH.107.5599","2016-01-01","Risk and protective factors for heat-related events among older adults of Southern Quebec (Canada): The NuAge study","20) compared to participants having 0–1 factor. CONCLUSION: Social participation, reduced autonomy and low income were predictors of HRHO. The OAHVI, also a strong predictor, should help clinicians identify high-risk elderly patients.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85000838023","10.21077/ijf.2016.63.1.43577-04","2016-01-01","Growth and mortality of the oceanic squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (Lesson, 1830) off south-west coast of India","03 y-1 for medium form. As there was no commercial fishing for this species, fishing mortality was considered nil. Therefore, total mortality rate Z was considered equivalent to natural mortality.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85006086138","10.2337/dc16-0941","2016-01-01","Effect of DECIDE (Decisionmaking Education for Choices in Diabetes Everyday) program delivery modalities on clinical and behavioral outcomes in urban African Americans with type 2 diabetes: A randomized trial","OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of three delivery modalities of Decision-making Education for Choices In Diabetes Everyday (DECIDE), a nine-module, literacyadapted diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) education and problem-solving training, compared with an enhanced usual care (UC), on clinical and behavioral outcomes among urban African Americans with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eligible participants (n = 182) had a suboptimal CVD risk factor profile (A1C, blood pressure, and/or lipids). Participants were randomized to DECIDE Self-Study (n = 46), DECIDE Individual (n = 45), DECIDE Group (n = 46), or Enhanced UC (n = 45). Intervention duration was 18-20 weeks. Outcomes were A1C, blood pressure, lipids, problem-solving, disease knowledge, and self-care activities, all measured at baseline, 1 week, and 6 months after completion of the intervention. RESULTS DECIDEmodalities and Enhanced UC did not significantly differ in clinical outcomes at 6 months postintervention. In participants with A1C ≥7.5% (58 mmol/mol) at baseline, A1C declined in each DECIDE modality at 1 week postintervention (P < 0.05) and only in Self-Study at 6months postintervention (b =20.24, P < 0.05). There was significant reduction in systolic blood pressure in Self-Study (b = 24.04) and Group (b = 23.59) at 6 months postintervention. Self-Study, Individual, and Enhanced UC had significant declines in LDL and Self-Study had an increase in HDL (b = 1.76, P < 0.05) at 6 months postintervention. Self-Study and Individual had a higher increase in knowledge than Enhanced UC (P < 0.05), and all arms improved in problem-solving (P < 0.01) at 6 months postintervention. CONCLUSIONS DECIDE modalities showed benefits after intervention. Self-Study demonstrated robust improvements across clinical and behavioral outcomes, suggesting program suitability for broader dissemination to populations with similar educational and literacy levels.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85008668670","10.3389/fmars.2016.00263","2016-01-01","Intermittent hypoxia and prolonged suboxia measured in situ in a marine sponge","High Microbial Abundance (HMA) sponges constitute a guild of suspension-feeding sponges that host vast populations of symbiotic microbes. These symbionts mediate a complex series of biogeochemical transformations that fuel the holobiont's metabolism. Although sponges are aerobic animals, suboxic and anaerobic bacteria are known to reside within their bodies. However, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the sponge environment in which they occur and almost no data are available regarding the dissolved oxygen (DO) dynamics inside the holobiont in its natural habitat. In this study we examined the oxygen dynamics in situ in the HMA sponge Theonella swinhoei. A submersed data-logging system equipped with micro-sensors was used to continuously record DO concentrations inside the sponge body and in its outflowing water for up to 48 h. Actively pumping sponges exhibited high DO removal rates punctuated with short bursts of extreme DO uptake (> 90 μmol DO Lpumped-1), never before observed in sponges. Such a high DO removal rate indicates the consumption of a considerable amount of reduced matter, far exceeding the available sources in the surrounding water of the oligotrophic coral-reef ecosystem inhabited by this sponge. The inner body of the sponge remained suboxic throughout the experiments, with short events of further rapid DO concentration decline. Moreover, DO concentrations measured in the body and in the outflowing water were found to be uncorrelated. Our findings support a previous hypothesis of bacterial symbiont farming by the sponge as a potential source for acquiring reduced material. Moreover, this suggests a complex and highly localized control of the holobiont's metabolism, probably associated with the microbial community's metabolism. Our results indicate that temporal micro-environments exist in the sponge at alternating locations, providing suitable conditions for the activity of its anaerobic microbial symbionts.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84992347185","10.3923/ijp.2016.851.862","2016-01-01","Cinnamaldehyde mitigates carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in rats through inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway","05). Further,CIN significantly reduced CCl4-induced oxidative stress and inflammation mediated through TLR4 signaling pathway including myeloid differentiation factor (MyD) 88-dependent and toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-beta (TRIF)-dependent pathways,as well as the expression of downstream transcription factors such as nuclear factor-kappa B. The protective effect of CIN was comparable to that of SIL. Conclusion: The results show that CIN may be a therapeutic alternative to SIL for the protection of acute liver injury via inhibition of inflammation mediated through TLR4 signaling cascade. These results are promising,particularly with the increased demand to find new hepatoprotective therapies considering the shortage of liver transplants that are considered the only effective treatment for acute hepatic failure.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072363844","10.4271/2016-01-0683","2016-01-01","Improving the Efficiency of Conventional Spark-Ignition Engines Using Octane-on-Demand Combustion - Part II: Vehicle Studies and Life Cycle Assessment","Copyright This paper is the second of a two part study which investigates the use of advanced combustion modes as a means of improving the efficiency and environmental impact of conventional light-duty vehicles. This second study focuses on drive cycle simulations and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for vehicles equipped with Octane-on-Demand combustion. Methanol is utilized as the high octane fuel, while three alternative petroleum-derived fuels with Research octane numbers (RONs) ranging from 61 to 90 are examined as candidates for the lower octane fuel. The experimental engine calibration maps developed in the previous study are first provided as inputs to a drive cycle simulation tool. This is used to quantify the total fuel consumption, octane requirement and tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions for a light-duty vehicle equipped with two alternative powertrain configurations. The properties of the lower octane fuel are shown to affect the vehicle fuel consumption and CO2 emissions significantly. In particular, the lower octane fuel indirectly defines the evolution of several key fuel properties with engine load. This synergistic relationship ultimately presents a trade-off between minimizing the vehicle fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Finally, the well-to-tank CO2 emissions arising from the production and distribution of each fuel were estimated for several common feedstocks and production routes. This data was combined with the tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions to estimate the overall carbon intensity of each dual-fuel combination using a Life Cycle Assessment. This enables the broader benefits and practical challenges to be analyzed from the perspective of a range of stakeholders. Overall, this work suggests that Octane-on-Demand can provide considerable fuel economy and well-to-wheel CO2 emissions benefits in comparison with conventional light-duty vehicles operated on standard gasolines.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84976353373","10.4995/raet.2015.5731","2016-01-01","System for monitoring ecosystem functioning of network of national parks of Spain with remote sensing Sistema para el Seguimiento del funcionamiento de ecosistemas en la Red de Parques Nacionales de España mediante Teledetección","Management of protected areas in the current context of global change requires approaches to characterize and to monitor ecosystem functioning. Remote sensing provides adequate tools for that because it provides indices that inform repeatedly and for large areas of land, about matter and energy exchanges between the biota and land sur1face. Considering this principle, and the continuous improvements in the availability of satellite data of higher quality and friendly use, we have developed with the Autonomous Organization of National Parks of Spain (OAPN), a monitoring system that complements other monitoring initiatives from this agency to inform about the conservation status of national parks. The system, called REMOTE, is based on the most used spectral vegetation indices on scientific literature, EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), derived from the time series of satellite images of the MODIS-Terra sensor. The systems allows to progress in identification of reference conditions to understand and predict ecosystems response against environmental perturbations or management actions, and their directional changes (trends) they are experiencing. Likewise, establishment of reference conditions helps to identify anomalies that warn of sudden changes in ecosystem functioning. The system uses as ecosystem functioning indicators three attributes related to the annual carbon gains (net primary production) by the canopy, their seasonality and phenology. In addittion, Remote has been designed and programmed on open and free software allowing future modifications and improvements in an easy way. The implementation of this system aims to inform decision-makers and managers of the Network of National Parks of Spain about the health and conservation status of ecosystems.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85046631737","10.5890/JEAM.2016.09.005","2016-01-01","The development of hydropower resources at American watershed scale and its enlightenment to China","Hydropower resources are priority areas of energy construction in various countries throughout the world, and are also important measures for China by which to ensure the energy supply and achieve the development goal of non-fossil energy. Developed countries, in particular the United States, have rich experience in the development and construction of hydropower resources. Therefore, understanding the experience of the United States in the development of hydropower resources bears important enlightenment to the development of hydropower resources in China. This paper gives a systematic review of the survey data previously and newly released by the US Department of Energy; based on this, analyzes the development status of hydropower resources of all watersheds in the United States and the development potential of newly increased hydropower resources; and recounts the development level of hydropower resources at American watershed. At the same time, in consideration to the implementation of efficiency increase and capacity expansion planning in the United States in the future, this paper further predicts the development level of hydropower resources at all watersheds in the United States after this planning has been implemented. Finally, the paper summarizes the experience of the United States in the development of hydropower resources, along with its enlightenment to the development of hydropower resources of China. This study shows that electric construction strategies for the priority development of hydropower, introduction of key constraints to assess the development potential of hydropower resources, and efficiency increase and capacity expansion transformation to intensify the hydropower development are powerful guarantees of hydropower development in the United States, and these also provide important reference value for developing the hydropower resources of China.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84945356794","10.1080/13527258.2015.1074933","2016-01-02","Cultural revitalisation after catastrophe: The Qiang culture in A'er","The culture of the Qiang ethnic minority in Western China has been threatened by assimilation with the majority culture, and many Qiang no longer take part in traditional ceremonies or use their cultural skills and knowledge. The devastating 2008 earthquake in Sichuan killed a 10th of the Qiang population and destroyed monuments, houses and villages. The Beijing Cultural Heritage Protection Centre (CHP), a citizen volunteer non-governmental organisation, launched a project to help a Qiang village named Aer preserve its intangible and tangible cultural heritage. This paper describes the damage that was done and the needs of the Qiang people in the remote village of Aer, which is generally considered one of the last major repositories of traditional Qiang culture. The Aer people, despite their desperate situation, were determined to save their cultural heritage. The CHP team, working with them, provided necessary instruments and methods for recording. The Qiang people of Aer village themselves decided what they would record and produced an introduction to the Aer Qiang culture named The Aer Archive and an elementary conversation booklet over which Aer villagers explicitly maintained copyright.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84930167455","10.1080/19443994.2015.1043495","2016-01-14","A new synthetic polymers used in removal of pollutants from industrial effluents","Chemical products synthesised using polymer waste have a great significance in industry. Chemical modifications of this type of waste make it possible to obtain products having new properties and at the same time to decrease the amount of usually dangerous waste in the environment. The products can be used in the processes reducing environmental micro-pollutants and in particular in wastewater treatment processes. There are more and more possibilities to use new synthetic polymers in industrial effluents treatment due to dynamic development of the technology of water and sewage treatment. Besides, technological changes of production processes make it necessary to carry out research on new polymers used in the processes of industrial effluents treatment. Despite the fact that in wastewater treatment technologies small amounts of organic polyelectrolytes are used, their global consumption is still quite big. A new generation of chemical products: flocculants synthesised from polymer waste ware used in coal mine pit waters treatment with good results. In the chemical modification of polystyrene waste as well as of post-production waste of phenol–formaldehyde resins, the products of specific flocculation properties and reducing the indicators of macro and micro-pollutants in industrial effluents were obtained. The products appeared to be effective flocculants supporting the coagulation process of coal mine pit waters.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84961369873","10.1038/ncomms10541","2016-01-28","Microbial diversity drives multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems","Despite the importance of microbial communities for ecosystem services and human welfare, the relationship between microbial diversity and multiple ecosystem functions and services (that is, multifunctionality) at the global scale has yet to be evaluated. Here we use two independent, large-scale databases with contrasting geographic coverage (from 78 global drylands and from 179 locations across Scotland, respectively), and report that soil microbial diversity positively relates to multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems. The direct positive effects of microbial diversity were maintained even when accounting simultaneously for multiple multifunctionality drivers (climate, soil abiotic factors and spatial predictors). Our findings provide empirical evidence that any loss in microbial diversity will likely reduce multifunctionality, negatively impacting the provision of services such as climate regulation, soil fertility and food and fibre production by terrestrial ecosystems.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84957600804","10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00287-9","2016-02-01","Effect of participatory women's groups facilitated by Accredited Social Health Activists on birth outcomes in rural eastern India: A cluster-randomised controlled trial","69, 95% CI 0·53-0·89). Interpretation: ASHAs can successfully reduce neonatal mortality through participatory meetings with women's groups. This is a scalable community-based approach to improving neonatal survival in rural, underserved areas of India. Funding: Big Lottery Fund (UK).",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84947793127","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.048","2016-02-01","Biofilms in churches built in grottoes","Species of eubacteria, cyanobacteria and green algae were identified. Some of these species occurred in both grottoes, while others were exclusive to only one of the grottoes. The diversity of species, their common or exclusive occurrence in the grottoes, the relationships among microbial communities and the differences in color and distribution of biofilms were discussed on the basis of the different climatic factors affecting the two grottoes and the different inorganic components of substrata.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85008487814","10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2016.02.10","2016-02-01","Suspension properties of fine grit with different particle sizes in bioreactors","06)). The present study further revealed that fine grit is an inert substance and has no influence on microorganism activity. WWTPs can adjust ρ(MLSS) based on ρ(MLVSS)/ρ(MLSS) to ensure the stability of ρ(MLVSS), which is conducive to the stable operation of WWTPs.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84959510552",,"2016-02-13","Railways for daily commuters: Options for rural and semi-urban India","For commuting to new towns and cities which are facing the challenges of urbanisation, a viable transport option is the use of the railways' Mainline Electric Multiple Units, which could, if properly planned, provide seamless connectivity.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84963542110",,"2016-03-01","Grain iron and zinc densities in released and commercial cultivars of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)","Crop biofortification is a cost-effective and sustainable agricultural strategy to reduce micronutrient malnutrition arising from iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies. A large number of hybrids and open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] have been released and/or commercialized in India. Eighteen OPVs and 15 high-Fe candidate hybrids were evaluated in multi-location trials for Fe and Zn density to identify those with high density of these micronutrients. The Fe density in OPVs varied from 42 mg/kg to 67 mg/kg, and Zn density from 37 mg/kg to 52 mg/kg with ICTP 8203 having the highest Fe density (67 mg/kg) followed by ICMV 221 (61 mg/kg) and AIMP 92901 (56 mg/kg). While ICTP 8203 had also the highest level of Zn density (52 mg/kg), ICMV 221 and AIMP 92901 had 45-46 mg/kg Zn density. The Fe density in hybrids varied from 46 mg/kg to 56 mg/kg and Zn density from 37 mg/kg to 44 mg/kg. Four hybrids, viz. Ajeet 38, Proagro XL 51, PAC 903 and 86M86 had the highest Fe density of 55-56 mg/kg and 39-41 mg/kg Zn density. The six commercial cultivars (2 OPVs and 4 hybrids) identified in this study with high Fe and Zn densities can be undertaken for expanded cultivation in their recommended ecologies to specifically address the Fe and Zn deficiencies in India. This study also enabled to re-define base line for Fe density at 42 mg/kg for hybrids, the most dominant cultivar type grown in India.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84961118308","10.1007/s12517-015-2236-2","2016-03-01","A study on the annual fallout of the dust and the associated elements into the Kuwait Bay, Kuwait","Kuwait has an ecologically fragile bay called the Kuwait Bay, which is a marine water body with about 850 km2 areas, surrounded by the Kuwaiti land area and opened to the Arabian Gulf in the east. Kuwait is a country with severe dust storms. The dust falling into the Kuwait Bay is one of the main sources of sediments, nutrients, and pollutants. The falling dust contains many metallic elements, minerals, soluble, and insoluble matters. Some of the elements, like nitrate and phosphate, in the falling dust are beneficial for the marine life and some are harmful, like mercury and cadmium. Hence, it is essential to estimate the amount of dust and the associated elements falling into the bay annually. Falling dust was collected using passive dust sample collectors for a period of 3 years (from August 2009 to July 2011 and again from September 2013 to August 2014) from different locations around the Bay, and the annual dust fallout into the bay was estimated. The annual dust fallout from August 2009 to July 2010 and from August 2010 to July 2011 was estimated as 225,186 and 283,172 t, respectively. During September 2013 to August 2014, the total dust fallout into the Kuwait Bay was estimated as 94,282.0 t. The amount of different metallic elements, minerals, soluble, and insoluble elements that fell into the Bay during these 3 years was also assessed and provided. It is estimated that 4569 t of iron; 12,743 t of clay; 99,818 t of quartz; 14,177 t of sulfate; and 169,167 t of ash have fallen into Kuwait Bay during August 2010 to July 2011. The amount of these elements that fall into Kuwait Bay has increased by 26 % during August 2011 to July 2012 but reduced by about 58 % during September 2013 to August 2014. This information will be useful for the study on the positive and negative impacts of fallen dust on marine life, biogeochemical reactions, fish kills, etc.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84951969685","10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2015.12.009","2016-03-01","Density decrease in an exploited population of brown sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus in a biosphere reserve from the Baja California peninsula, Mexico","04 ind m-2). Interviewees agreed that poaching was the main problem for the fishery, as well as the difficulty for fishers to obtain their own harvesting permits, because they were dependent on the permits holders to operate. Our results corroborated that the growth rate and mortality rate of the I. fuscus population in its northernmost geographical distribution were similar to those from southern locations. However, the observed values of the density and mean length were well below those previously registered in Bahía de los Ángeles or in other localities, and may compromise reproductive success, because low recruitment was observed. Some actions are proposed for the sustainable management of this resource.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84966771380","10.1117/1.JEI.25.2.020501","2016-03-01","Removing sparse noise from hyperspectral images with sparse and low-rank penalties","In diffraction grating, at times, there are defective pixels on the focal plane array; this results in horizontal lines of corrupted pixels in some channels. Since only a few such pixels exist, the corruption/noise is sparse. Studies on sparse noise removal from hyperspectral noise are parsimonious. To remove such sparse noise, a prior work exploited the interband spectral correlation along with intraband spatial redundancy to yield a sparse representation in transform domains. We improve upon the prior technique. The intraband spatial redundancy is modeled as a sparse set of transform coefficients and the interband spectral correlation is modeled as a rank deficient matrix. The resulting optimization problem is solved using the split Bregman technique. Comparative experimental results show that our proposed approach is better than the previous one.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84959496272","10.2979/reseafrilite.47.1.95","2016-03-01","Frailties of the flesh: Observing the body in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus","In this article, I offer a reading of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus (2003) through the lens of the body. References to the body in Purple Hibiscus are frequent, even excessive. In its insistent emphasis on the body, I suggest, the novel establishes affiliations with an emergent tradition of African writing in which various forms of “body writing” are deployed as part of a destabilizing aesthetic. These aesthetico-political concerns are developed in a number of ways—in the inscriptions of the body as a site of physical and discursive violence, in the positive reimagining of the black body against a history of shame, and in the novel’s refracted critique of the postcolonial potentate whose body becomes the object of a destabilizing and satirical gaze. By means of the trope of the bodily grotesque—along with a repeated gesture of ironic unmasking—the novel asserts the reciprocal connections between the private violence of the domestic sphere and the public violence of the postcolonial state. Also important is a pervasive structure of reciprocity or mirroring in which several unexpected connections between conventionally bounded conditions are disclosed. Not least of these, I suggest, are the links between Western enlightenment-democracy and the violence of the postcolonial state.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84955759753","10.1080/19443994.2014.1003609","2016-03-08","Treatment of dairy wastewater containing high amount of fats and oils using a yeast-bioreactor system under batch, fed-batch and continuous operation","This study evaluated the potential of the biosurfactant-producing yeast Candida bombicola in treating wastewater containing fats and oils from a dairy industry in a laboratory scale bioreactor. The dairy wastewater contains high chemical oxygen demand (COD) (2,480 mg/L) and fats and oils (407 mg/L) and was supplemented with sugarcane molasses (1% w/v) and yeast extract (0.1% w/v) to support the growing yeast in batch, fed-batch, and continuous operations. The yeast was able to remove fats and oils completely (more than 95% COD removal) under batch and continuous operation. The study suggested that wastewater containing high fats and oils can be efficiently treated using C. bombicola.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84985961092","10.3390/s16030415","2016-03-22","Monitoring anthropogenic ocean sound from shipping using an acoustic sensor network and a compressive sensing approach","Monitoring ocean acoustic noise has been the subject of considerable recent study, motivated by the desire to assess the impact of anthropogenic noise on marine life. A combination of measuring ocean sound using an acoustic sensor network and modelling sources of sound and sound propagation has been proposed as an approach to estimating the acoustic noise map within a region of interest. However, strategies for developing a monitoring network are not well established. In this paper, considerations for designing a network are investigated using a simulated scenario based on the measurement of sound from ships in a shipping lane. Using models for the sources of the sound and for sound propagation, a noise map is calculated and measurements of the noise map by a sensor network within the region of interest are simulated. A compressive sensing algorithm, which exploits the sparsity of the representation of the noise map in terms of the sources, is used to estimate the locations and levels of the sources and thence the entire noise map within the region of interest. It is shown that although the spatial resolution to which the sound sources can be identified is generally limited, estimates of aggregated measures of the noise map can be obtained that are more reliable compared with those provided by other approaches.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84963836265","10.1007/s10273-016-1966-4","2016-04-01","The Upswing in Capital Formation Failed to Appear: The Forecast for 2015 in Retrospective Der Investitionsaufschwung blieb aus: das Prognosejahr 2015 im Rückblick","When publishing short term forecasts, economists have to reveal their beliefs, e.g. on the duration, shape, and driving forces of business cycles. Against this background, this article analyses the forecasts for 2015 provided by 15 national and international institutions for Germany. In all forecasts, expected GDP growth did not deviate very much from the provisional figure published in January 2016. In a short period in autumn 2014, forecasts were revised downward, owing in particular to a considerable downward revision of investment in equipment. The GDP forecasts thereafter returned to their initial value, now driven by private consumption which benefitted from the decline of oil prices. As expected, GDP was driven by domestic demand, but net exports unexpectedly also contributes positively to growth. Interestingly, forecasts of export growth remained quite robust with respect to changes in world trade forecasts. Another interesting feature is that investment in equipment did not play the expected role as a driver of the business cycle. Finally, private consumption grew almost as expected, but more than likely for other reasons than assumed in the first forecasts.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84956677270","10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.01.015","2016-04-01","Effect of ZnO nanoparticles on biodegradation and biotransformation of co-substrate and sulphonated azo dye in anaerobic biological sulfate reduction processes","In recent years, rapid increase of nanomaterial applications exposed the wastewater treatment plants to the new challenges. Potential effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on biological sulfate reduction and dyes biodegradation in biological wastewater treatment systems still need to be investigated. This study explored the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) culture treating textile wastewater. Batch reactor studies were performed by exposing the mixed SRB culture to different initial ZnO-NPs concentrations. Increasing ZnO-NPs concentrations from 0 to 200 mg l-1 inhibited the reactor performance by decreasing COD, sulfate, and color removal efficiencies from 54.4%, 78.1%, and 95.4% to 30.1%. 44.0%, and 80.0%, respectively. Moreover, dye biotransformation was also adversely affected in the presence of ZnO-NPs as revealed by the increase in total aromatic amines formation and the decrease in activities of various oxido-reductive enzymes such as veratryl alcohol oxidase, lignin peroxidase, and azo reductase.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84926611753","10.1111/jiec.12269","2016-04-01","Sustainability of Rooftop Technologies in Cold Climates: Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of White Roofs, Green Roofs, and Photovoltaic Panels","Sustainable building rooftop technologies, such as white roofs, green roofs, and photovoltaic(s) (PV) panels, are becoming increasingly implemented as a result of their associated environmental benefits. Studies of these rooftop technologies are often located in hot climates and do not assess their full environmental consequences. Further, current studies tend to focus on one technology and often do not evaluate the full range of technology options using a systematic framework with common assumptions and boundaries. This article evaluates the environmental performance on a life cycle basis of white roofs, green roofs, and roof-mounted PV in the cold Canadian climate. Solar PV demonstrates the highest environmental performance in all impact categories considered (see complete list in Results section) and is the preferred option from an environmental perspective. Green roofs result in beneficial environmental impacts, although much less significant than those obtained with PV, and are the only rooftop technology that reduces both heating and cooling energy use. The environmental performance of white roofs in cold climates is strongly affected by the heating penalty (i.e., the increase in heating energy use resulting from the high solar reflectance). Although white roofs have been proven an outstanding option in warmer climates, in cold climates, net negative environmental impacts lead to white roof technology not being recommended for general applications in cold climates. A sensitivity analysis shows that the conclusions in this study provide robust insights across Canada and cold climates in general.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84964864524","10.4314/wsa.v42i2.06","2016-04-01","Analysis of auto-purification response of the Apies River, Gauteng, South Africa, to treated wastewater effluent","74. Furthermore, the measured DO deficit was plotted against predicted DO deficit. The plot revealed a close match between the measured and predicted DO deficit, indicating that the model could be used for predicting DO deficit along other segments of the river. To further improve on the natural auto-recovery processes of the Apies River, it was recommended that flow along the Skinnerspruit should be enhanced by clearing the observed aquatic plants growing within the channel. Also, suspected pollution activities taking place further upstream on the Apies River should be investigated and appropriately addressed.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84961922798","10.1108/MEQ-04-2015-0063","2016-04-11","Environmental implication of the Algerian traditional house"," This work can play a part in introducing some environmental solutions used in the vernacular architecture which are nowadays left aside.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84957841196","10.1080/19443994.2015.1030703","2016-04-26","Synthesis of titania–γ-alumina multilayer nanomembranes on performance-improved alumina supports for wastewater treatment","The γ-alumina and titania nanocrystallites were coated by sol–gel method on alumina supports respectively, as sub-layer and top-layer to prepare nanomembranes. The analysis represented a meso-porous structure for the coating layers of nanomembrane with the average pore size of 5.8 nm. The performance of the nanomembranes was investigated for permeability of demineralized water as well as rejection of ions and microorganisms using a model wastewater. Results show that in the range of 1–10 bar applied pressure, the permeability was reduced. At higher than 10 bars, with the increase of pressure, the permeability almost stayed constant due to the increase of flux. The multilayer nanomembranes showed different rejections for ions up to 25% but completely separation of the microorganisms.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84955579977","10.1007/s11356-016-6151-1","2016-05-01","Heavy metals in the surface sediments of the northern portion of the South China Sea shelf: distribution, contamination, and sources","24 mg kg−1 for Cd, and 8.5–24.4 mg kg−1 for Pb. These results indicate that the heavy metal concentrations in the sediments generally meet the China Marine Sediment Quality criteria and suggest that the overall sediment quality of the northern portion of the SCS shelf has not been significantly impacted by heavy metal pollution. However, the enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) clearly show that elevated concentrations of Cd occur in the region. A Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed, and the results suggest that Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn have a natural origin; Cd is primarily sourced from anthropogenic activities, with partial lithogenic components, and As and Pb may be affected by factors such as varying input sources or pathways (i.e., coal burning activities and aerosol precipitation). Heavy metal contamination mostly occurred to the east of Hainan Island, mainly because of the rapid economic and social developments in the Hainan Island. The results of this study will be useful for marine environment managers for the remediation of pollution sources.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84954072502","10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.139","2016-05-01","Volumetric expanders for low grade heat and waste heat recovery applications","Power production from low grade heat and waste heat does not only mitigate environmental impact but also improve energy efficiency and reduce energy cost. The type and design of expander for a low grade heat engine are critical and affect the performance, efficiency and cost of low grade heat and waste heat recovery system. The choice of expansion machine is strongly correlated with operating conditions, working fluid and size of the system. Low grade heat and waste heat recovery systems for electricity production are usually smaller in size. Turbines cannot be used due to their high rotational speed and high cost for waste heat and low grade heat recovery systems less than 50 kWe. Therefore, volumetric expanders are more suitable in low grade heat and waste heat engines for a smaller size. The current paper provides a comprehensive review of volumetric expanders including vane expander, screw expander, scroll expander, and piston expander applications for low grade heat and waste heat recovery using organic Rankine cycle. The operational performance, design optimizations, leakage and frictional losses, modeling techniques for each type of expander has been investigated in detail. Technical constraints and operational performance of expanders have been analyzed followed by the comparative assessment based on their performance, current market status, and economics. The comparative assessment shows that screw expander and scroll expander are most suitable having a relative score of 73.6 and 70.4 respectively on a scale of 100. The vane expanders have the lowest score of 47.2 due to low power range, leakage and frictional losses, and technical complexities.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85012155377","10.11821/dlxb201605006","2016-05-01","The using of composite indicators to assess the conservational effectiveness of ecosystem services in China","47 times the average level of China.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84975267264","10.1080/15592324.2016.1173301","2016-05-03","Rice OVERLY TOLERANT TO SALT 1 (OTS1) SUMO protease is a positive regulator of seed germination and root development","Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses affecting rice production worldwide. Improving rice salt tolerance is a critical step for sustainable food production. Posttranslational modifications of proteins greatly expand proteome diversity, increase functionality and allow quick responses to environmental stresses, all at low cost to the cell. SUMO mediated modification of substrate proteins is a highly dynamic process governed by the balance of activities of SUMO E3 ligases and deconjugating SUMO proteases. In recent years, SUMO (Small Ubiquitin like Modifier) conjugation of proteins has emerged as an influential regulator of stress signaling in the model plant Arabidopsis. However SUMOylation remain largely under studied in crop plants. We recently identified the SUMO protease gene family in rice and demonstrated a role for OsOTS1 SUMO proteases in salt stress. Interestingly, rice plants silencing OsOTS1 also show significantly reduced germination rate. Knockdown of OsOTS1 gene expression affects root growth by primarily reducing cell size rather than cell division.",,1,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84973891548","10.1109/APWCCSE.2015.7476218","2016-05-20","Towards strategic information & communication technology (ICT) framework for smart cities decision-makers","Common themes in urban development worldwide are «smart» cities initiatives with high dependency and application of ICT technologies, which leads not only to superior and rational optimization of time and resources but to build the whole smart city ecosystem. However, the definitions of «smart» cities remain vague, with lack of holistic strategic framework to assist decision makers to avoid any possible traps such as heavy investments in ICT infrastructure without maximizing its potential, or to focus on short-term solutions without considering the long term needs. This is seriously needed as city officials usually deal with challenges of rapid developments, sustainable development, and rational management of resources. The authors studied many Smart City initiatives and interviewed a number of top ICT managers with the aim to propose a holistic strategic ICT strategic framework for smart cities, which is expected to guide cities officials in any part of the world as they plan «smart» cities' initiatives and transformation projects.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84962325405","10.1002/ptr.5609","2016-06-01","Diterpenes: Advances in Neurobiological Drug Research","A significant number of studies have been performed with diterpene effect on the brain. Our study aims to make a systematic revision on them. The initial purpose of this review was to screen diterpenes with neurological activity, in particular those that have already been studied and published in different journals (databases until August 2015). The second purpose was to make an action-wise discussion as results viewed on them by taking into drug discovery and development account. Diterpenes considered in this review were selected on the basis of updated information on them and having sufficient information on their screenings. We identified several examples of diterpenes having an interest in further study. We have included the possible sources of them as observed in evidence, their known molecular neurobiological mechanisms, and the active constituents responsible for such activities with the doses and test systems. Results suggest diterpenes to have neurobiological activities like neuro-protection, anti-epileptic, anxiolytic, anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-Parkinson's disease, anti-cerebral ischemia, anti-neuropathic pain, anti-neuro-inflammatory, and many more. In conclusion, diterpenes may be the prominent candidates in neurobiological drug research.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84960910859","10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.036","2016-06-01","Energetic and environmental sustainability of the co-digestion of sludge with bio-waste in a life cycle perspective","46 kg VS/m3 day to 2.1 kg VS/m3 day. The maximum electrical energy producible from the full-scale anaerobic facility was about 3,500,000 kW h/year. In these conditions the electrical power output and the net efficiency of the co-generator were 470 kW and 37%, respectively. The life cycle analysis study highlighted the benefits achievable in terms of avoided resource depletion and ozone depletion potential. The best environmental performances were for an ORL of 2.1 kg VS/m3 day.",,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84963533273","10.1016/j.ufug.2016.03.010","2016-06-01","Does urban gardening increase aesthetic quality of urban areas? A case study from Germany","We tested in two corresponding studies the hypothesis that urban gardening is of visual aesthetic value to the public. With the help of photo-realistic visualizations and a written questionnaire, 109 students and employees of the Karlsruhe University of Education (study 1) and 200 passers-by in the city of Karlsruhe (study 2) were asked about their opinion on different urban gardening scenarios, and attitudes towards urban gardening. Our results indicate that urban gardening can contribute to perceived attractiveness of urban areas, but that not all approaches are perceived as equally positive. While flowerbeds or flower meadows and orderly-managed vegetable plots, in comparison to conventional lawns, increased the aesthetic appeal of urban green space, container gardening approaches, which were often characterized as chaotic, did not. Although flower scenarios were preferred over vegetable scenarios, participants were rather positive about the idea of having more vegetable plots around. Socio-demographic variables had only minor influences on preferences and attitudes. As people were fonder of flowerbeds or flower meadows than of vegetable plots, a mixture of both might be advisable in urban gardening sites. This would also increase overall diversity, which is not only beneficial from an aesthetic, but also from an ecological point of view.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84976439478","10.1177/194008291600900209","2016-06-01","Applicability of the ‘recommendations for sustainable land use’ method for Brazilian tropical soils","The current demand for the preservation of natural resources and biodiversity has led to the need to adjust agricultural activities according to land-use capability. One method, the ‘Recommendations for Sustainable Land Use’, aims to overcome the limitations of the diverse systems currently available for evaluating agricultural land capability. The aim of this work was to critically analyze the application of this method for tropical soils (Plinthosols and Planosols). The evaluation occurred in two phases: the first with application of the method, and the second analyzing whether the land-use recommendations were appropriate for the edaphic and landscape characteristics. We found that corrections to the methodology are needed to facilitate comprehension by the user. The suitability of classes of Plinthosols and Planosols should be adjusted with the incorporation of indicators associated with the presence of plinthite, and the improvement of indicators related to salinity and sodicity. With these adjustments, the ‘Recommendations for Sustainable Land Use’ method will be an important tool for the conservation of environmental resources such as soil and water.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84962028877","10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.074","2016-06-03","Status of vaccine research and development of vaccines for malaria","Despite recent progress in reducing deaths attributable to malaria, it continues to claim approximately 500,000 lives per year and is associated with approximately 200 million infections. New tools, including safe and effective vaccines, are needed to ensure that the gains of the last 15 years are leveraged toward achieving the ultimate goal of malaria parasite eradication. In 2015, the European Medicines Agency announced the adoption of a positive opinion for the malaria vaccine candidate most advanced in development, RTS,S/AS01, which provides modest protection against clinical malaria; in early 2016, WHO recommended large-scale pilot implementations of RTS,S in settings of moderate-to-high malaria transmission. In alignment with these advancements, the community goals and preferred product characteristics for next-generation vaccines have been updated to inform the development of vaccines that are highly efficacious in preventing clinical malaria, and those needed to accelerate parasite elimination. Next-generation vaccines, targeting all stages of the parasite lifecycle, are in early-stage development with the most advanced in Phase 2 trials. Importantly, progress is being made in the definition of feasible regulatory pathways to accelerate timelines, including for vaccines designed to interrupt transmission of parasites from humans to mosquitoes. The continued absence of financially lucrative, high-income markets to drive investment in malaria vaccine development points to continued heavy reliance on public and philanthropic funding.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84962761723","10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.04.009","2016-06-20","Preparation and characterization of sulfonated poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) and its selective removal of cationic dyes","63% via the sulfonation. The kinetic studies revealed that the sorption followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicated that the adsorption interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate molecules was chemisorption. Moreover, adsorption isotherm mechanisms were analyzed by Freundlich and Langmuir models.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84976491670","10.1002/hep.28453","2016-07-01","Lipiodol transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review of efficacy and safety data","4 months (95% CI: 16.2-22.6). A total of 217 articles presenting precise description on numbers of adverse events (AEs) were selected for the safety review: In these studies, a total of 21,461 AEs were reported in 15,351 patients. Liver enzyme abnormalities were the most commonly observed AE, followed by the symptoms associated with postembolization syndrome. Overall mortality rate was 0.6% and the most common cause of death was related to acute liver insufficiency. Conclusions: In a systematic literature review, survival figures of HCC patients undergoing lipiodol TACE appear to be in line with those reported in previous RCTs, and no new or unexpected safety concerns were identified. (Hepatology 2016;64:106–116).",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84964688036","10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.054","2016-07-01","High levels of microplastic ingestion by the semipelagic fish bogue Boops boops (L.) around the Balearic Islands","75 items per fish. Only filament type microplastics were observed in B. boops full gastrointestinal tracts. The frequency of occurrence of microplastics was high, with values ranging from 42% to 80%, in comparison to the other ingested items. Spatial variability among locations is high, which suggests that this type of contamination is ubiquitously distributed and originates from multiple sources. The results are important and indirectly provide further evidence of the presence of microplastics, which can be ingested by biota, in the marine environment.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84977071190","10.1109/TMAG.2016.2537921","2016-07-01","Fundamental Study of Non-Contact Water Salinity Sensor by Using Electromagnetic Means for Seawater Desalination Plants","05% salinity, which is the upper limit of the freshwater.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84979009505","10.2489/jswc.71.4.343","2016-07-01","Estimating biofuel feedstock water footprints using system dynamics","Copyright Increased biofuel production has prompted concerns about the environmental tradeoffs of biofuels compared to petroleum-based fuels. Biofuel production in general, and feedstock production in particular, is under increased scrutiny. Water footprinting (measuring direct and indirect water use) has been proposed as one measure to evaluate water use in the context of concerns about depleting rural water supplies through activities such as irrigation for large-scale agriculture. Water footprinting literature has often been limited in one or more key aspects: complete assessment across multiple water stocks (e.g., vadose zone, surface, and ground water stocks), geographical resolution of data, consistent representation of many feedstocks, and flexibility to perform scenario analysis. We developed a model called BioSpatial H2O using a system dynamics modeling and database framework. BioSpatial H2O could be used to consistently evaluate the complete water footprints of multiple biomass feedstocks at high geospatial resolutions. BioSpatial H2O has the flexibility to perform simultaneous scenario analysis of current and potential future crops under alternative yield and climate conditions. In this proof-of-concept paper, we modeled corn grain (Zea mays L.) and soybeans (Glycine max) under current conditions as illustrative results. BioSpatial H2O links to a unique database that houses annual spatially explicit climate, soil, and plant physiological data. Parameters from the database are used as inputs to our system dynamics model for estimating annual crop water requirements using daily time steps. Based on our review of the literature, estimated green water footprints are comparable to other modeled results, suggesting that BioSpatial H2O is computationally sound for future scenario analysis. Our modeling framework builds on previous water use analyses to provide a platform for scenario-based assessment. BioSpatial H2Os system dynamics is a flexible and user-friendly interface for on-demand, spatially explicit, water use scenario analysis for many US agricultural crops. Built-in controls permit users to quickly make modifications to the model assumptions, such as those affecting yield, and to see the implications of those results in real time. BioSpatial H2Os dynamic capabilities and adjustable climate data allow for analyses of water use and management scenarios to inform current and potential future bioenergy policies. The model could also be adapted for scenario analysis of alternative climatic conditions and comparison of multiple crops. The results of such an analysis would help identify risks associated with water use competition among feedstocks in certain regions. Results could also inform research and development efforts that seek to reduce water-related risks of biofuel pathways.",,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84960194970","10.1080/02692171.2015.1122745","2016-07-03","Financialization and commodity prices – an empirical analysis for coffee, cotton, wheat and oil","Abstract: Commodity prices have crucial implications for developing countries. The question whether the financialization of commodity derivative markets has contributed to high and volatile commodity prices has been controversially debated. Building on limitations in the empirical literature, we estimate a multivariate Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model to assess the effect of different groups of financial investors (index investors and money managers) as well as fundamental and macroeconomic variables on the prices of coffee, cotton, wheat and oil. We find that, in contrast to index investors, money managers’ net long positions have a large statistically significant effect on commodity prices. This calls for policy interventions as commodity derivative markets may cease to perform their fundamental developmental roles.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84987642001","10.1186/s12889-016-3216-5","2016-07-15","Current and past smoking patterns in a Central European urban population: A cross-sectional study in a high-burden country","Background: Many studies have examined the socioeconomic variations in smoking and quitting rates across the European region; however, data from Central and East European countries, where the tobacco burden is especially high, are sparse. This study aimed to assess the patterns in current and past smoking prevalence based on cross-sectional data from a Central European urban population sample. Methods: Data from 2160 respondents aged 25-64 years in Brno, Czech Republic were collected in 2013-2014 using the Czech post-MONICA survey questionnaire to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including smoking status. The age- and sex-stratified randomized sample was drawn using health insurance registries. Descriptive statistics and quit ratios were calculated, and chi-square and multivariate logistic analyses conducted to examine relationships between current and past smoking and demographic (age, gender, marital status) and socioeconomic variables (education, income, occupation). Results: The prevalence of current and past smoking was 23.6 and 31.3 % among men and 20.5 and 23.2 % among women, respectively. Education reliably predicted smoking and quitting rates in both genders. Among men, being unemployed was associated with greater odds of smoking (OR 3.6; 1.6-8.1) and lower likelihood of quitting (OR 0.2: 0.1-0.6); the likelihood of quitting also increased with age (OR 1.8; 1.2-2.8). Among women, marital status (being married) decreased the odds of current smoking (OR 0.6; 0.4-0.9) and increased the odds of quitting (OR 2.2; 1.2-3.9). Quit ratios were the lowest in the youngest age group (25-34 years) where quitting was more strongly associated with middle income (OR 2.7; 95 % CI 1.2-5.9) than with higher education (OR 2.9; 95 % CI 0.9-8.2). Conclusions: Interventions to increase cessation rates and reduce smoking prevalence need to be gender-specific and carefully tailored to the needs of the disadvantaged groups of the population, especially the less well-off young adults. Future studies should examine the equity impact of the tobacco control policies and be inclusive of the Central and East European countries.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84994779492",,"2016-08-01","An hybrid routing protocol for efficient power management and control in MANET","As nodes in MANET are predominantly battery driven depletion of energy is a critical concern and to address the issues related to increasing the throughput, efficiency, energy consumption and to reduce the network load we propose a concept to combining power aware routing and channel allocation strategy that solemnly address these concerns. The utilization of the resources such as bandwidth and energy depends on a number of conditions such as network size, node density, and load distribution. These conditions are uncontrollable and often vary throughout the operation of the network. The scope of the work is to bring out the commonalities present separately in channel allocation and power aware routing by joint optimization dynamic channel allocation mechanisms and routing possibilities.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85006109911","10.1016/j.cogsc.2016.08.001","2016-08-01","Criticality of metal based functional materials – How multi-functional trans-technical metal based materials are mobilized and how they get lost by dissipation","The enormous diversity of chemical compounds now available is problematic for waste disposal and recovery of essential resources such as rare earth metals. Non-renewable resources are being depleted and need to be managed more effectively. To validate the potential of strategic metals, which often are multi-functional and thus find (competitive) applications in different technologies, a criticality concept is applied. This is based on qualitative and quantitative criteria characterizing the different transformations along supply chains: ranging from the resource deposit to the product and from there into the so-called re-phases or disposal and end-of-life. The trajectories of the resources in real space and time have to be transparent in order to optimize the resource efficiency and its long-ranging compatibility but also to minimize dissipation. This approach allows developing transparent narratives (“Stoffgeschichten”, “Stories of Stuff”) for a responsible and benign use of resources. Only then can re-integration of functional materials be achieved.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84978435456","10.1093/gji/ggw211","2016-08-01","Spurious barometric pressure acceleration in Antarctica and propagation into GRACE Antarctic mass change estimates","When integrated over East Antarctica, the four mass acceleration estimates (from GAA and the three reanalysis fields) vary considerably (by ~2-16 Gt yr-2). This shows the need for further effort to improve atmospheric mass estimates in this region of sparse in situ observations, in order to use GRACE observations to measure ice mass acceleration and related sea level change.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84991377593","10.3832/ifor1782-008","2016-08-01","500 years of coppice-with-standards management in Meerdaal Forest (Central Belgium)","For centuries, coppice and coppice-with-standards were the main forest management systems in the northern and central parts of present Belgium. A high population density and a low forest cover in the whole region resulted in a high demand for wood, therefore strict regulations and management regimes were necessary to prevent overexploitation. We illustrate this with a well-documented case, that of Meerdaal Forest in Central Belgium, with reference to other sites in the region. Meerdaal Forest is a woodland 30 km east of Brussels. For centuries its high quality timber stands, especially oak, were managed as coppice-with-standards, with a gradually increasing share of standard trees. Using archive documents and ancient maps, we have reconstructed how this coppice-with-standard management has been developed and optimized over a period of about 500 years. Changes in cutting cycles and configurations were discerned, with a gradual increase of the importance of the standard layer over time. The analysis also showed how wood production could be successfully combined with other sources of income like grazing and pannage. We conclude that former managers of Meerdaal Forest, notwithstanding their lack of scholarship and reference works, developed a state-of-the-art sustainable and flexible management regime that allowed to provide high revenues during many centuries.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84969505786","10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.010","2016-08-15","Effect of cooking on total mercury content in Norway lobster and European hake and public health impact","The risk of Hg poisoning by eating seafood is considered real from the several international agencies that recommended, by fish consumption advisories, to pregnant women and young children to avoid or severely limit the consumption of the fish and shellfish with a high-range mercury levels. The analyses of two common species, European hake and Norway lobster, collected from an area of Central Adriatic Sea, reported high mercury levels in crustaceans. For Norway lobster total mercury exceeded, in six out of ten analysed pools, the recommended 0.5 mg/kg wet weight European limit. Moreover the increased amount of Hg concentrations in Norway lobster cooked samples suggests the necessity to review current procedures of Hg control in food, considering also consumption habits of consumers. The Hg values found in all European hake samples are below the legal limits and, in this species, the boiling did not modify the concentrations in fish tissues.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85064331155","10.1109/CINE.2016.16","2016-08-30","Aspects of Network Architecture for Remote Healthcare Systems","Disasters are inevitable aspects of the human civilization and the limitation of extending the medical infrastructure to every corner of the demography is a challenging task. Technology can cater to need of the availability of medical expertise for each affected individual in the disaster virtually. A medical infrastructure can be envisioned using existing LAN and WAN communication technology standards that can be deployed at shortest time interval and intelligent enough to deliver assistance along with virtual availability of the medical expert. The main issues posing challenge in such deployments include load balancing for both WAN network access points and local data gateways by exploiting all available interfaces. The addressing of the actuators directly from the remote sever is another bottleneck in the scenario besides the fairness of the stream schedules and quality of service and/or experience.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84961782154","10.1007/s11145-016-9637-9","2016-09-01","Analysis of lexical quality and its relation to writing quality for 4th grade, primary school students in Chile","Few studies have addressed vocabulary quality in developing writing skill in Spanish. Even less addressed it within the Chilean educational system. The specific objective of this study was to characterize, using a comprehensive set of indicators, the quality of the vocabulary produced by Chilean 4th grade students. Based on a national writing survey, a sample of 2056 texts written by 685 students was collected (narrative, persuasive, and informative texts). Current literature defines lexical quality as a composite of diverse factors that, while distinct, are interrelated. To represent the properties of the vocabulary, a set of indicators were selected: (a) lexical diversity; (b) lexical sophistication; and (c) lexical density. Using multilevel modeling (students and schools as levels 1 and 2) to explain a global writing score we found that diversity was a significant determinant for narrative and persuasive texts, density was a significant determinant for the three genres and sophistication was a significant determinant for narrative and expository text. In addition, indicators related to gender and socioeconomic conditions were only significant determinants of narrative stories. The parts of speech most often used also varied according to the purpose of each text. In all genres, words had a short extension and were very sensitive to the input presented in the stimuli. These results imply a significant challenge to this education system: how to promote the development of vocabulary in all children in order to support language learning.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84977585509","10.1016/j.envint.2016.06.018","2016-09-01","Pharmaceuticals in soils of lower income countries: Physico-chemical fate and risks from wastewater irrigation","Population growth, increasing affluence, and greater access to medicines have led to an increase in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) entering sewerage networks. In areas with high wastewater reuse, residual quantities of APIs may enter soils via irrigation with treated, partially treated, or untreated wastewater and sludge. Wastewater used for irrigation is currently not included in chemical environmental risk assessments and requires further consideration in areas with high water reuse. This study critically assesses the contemporary understanding of the occurrence and fate of APIs in soils of low and lower-middle income countries (LLMIC) in order to contribute to the development of risk assessments for APIs in LLMIC. The physico-chemical properties of APIs and soils vary greatly globally, impacting on API fate, bioaccumulation and toxicity. The impact of pH, clay and organic matter on the fate of organic ionisable compounds is discussed in detail. This study highlights the occurrence and the partitioning and degradation coefficients for APIs in soil:porewater systems, API usage data in LLMICS and removal rates (where used) within sewage treatment plants as key areas where data are required in order to inform robust environmental risk assessment methodologies.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84991666842","10.1055/s-0036-1592068","2016-09-01","Family Planning and Zika Virus: The Power of Prevention","The connection between infection with the Zika virus (ZKV) and congenital anomalies such as microcephaly has been generally accepted. Although efforts are underway to develop preventive interventions such as vaccines, these are not yet available. Family planning is an effective preventive approach that has been underemphasized in many lists of research priorities. In addition to acquisition of ZKV from mosquitoes, sexual transmission from males to females has been documented. Women at risk of ZKV need access to effective contraception if they want to avoid or postpone pregnancy, as well as access to safe abortion. There is often overlap between areas where risk of ZKV acquisition is highest, and areas where access to reproductive health services may be more limited. Data on the impact of ZKV on contraceptive use and abortion are sparse, but a few studies have begun to address these questions. ZKV highlights the need to provide at-risk women and couples with effective means to prevent or postpone childbearing. Contraception, prenatal care, and safe abortion should be available to all women.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85015663510","10.1166/jctn.2016.5500","2016-09-01","Analysis of tobacco consumer elasticity of demand in China","Copyright Tobacco and its products are special commodities with the nature of addiction. As a result, the consumers' demand elasticity of tobacco products is different from general commodities. Before starting to have a economic analysis on Chinese tobacco industry, we must first explore the demand elasticity of tobacco products to lay the proper foundations for economic analysis theory and to ensure healthy and sustainable development of tobacco industry. The price elasticity and demand elasticity of Chinese tobacco industry are analysed in this paper.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84987974287","10.5539/ass.v12n9p65","2016-09-01","Exploratory of problems between Iranian parents and their male adolescents","Problems between parents and their male adolescents are a fast growing phenomenon in Iran. This study attempted to examine the problems between parents and their male adolescents, how they are formed, and what factors influenced the problems formation process between them. Thirty-five participants including parents, their male adolescents, and experts (10 adolescents, 10 fathers, 10 mothers, and 5 experts) participated in a semi structured deep interview; and data was analyzed qualitatively and based on a grounded theory approach. Based on the findings of this study, a preliminary understanding of problems formation process between Iranian parents and their male adolescents is presented and discussed in details. Through systematic analysis, we uncovered several factors influencing the problems formation process in the population. Qualitative findings revealed that adolescents’ characteristics, parents’ features, the type of relationships between parents and their male adolescents, adolescents’ growth, cultural changes, family environment, friends, and school affected the problems between Iranian parents and their male adolescents.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84973861658","10.1016/j.foreco.2016.06.002","2016-09-15","Butterflies take advantage of contemporary forestry: Clear-cuts as temporary grasslands","Contemporary forest landscapes in boreal and temperate environments, harvested by clear-cutting, contain various novel types of open spaces which are potentially suitable for species inhabiting natural or semi-natural open habitats. However, systematic analyses identifying the share of the regional species pool that can take advantage of this opportunity are missing. We assessed the importance of such forest openings for open-habitat butterflies in Estonia in Northern Europe by comparing butterfly species richness and composition in forest clear-cuts with their regional species pool. The species richness of butterflies in clear-cuts appeared to be remarkably high: we recorded altogether 81% of the total regional species pool across the study sites. Clear-cuts were inhabited by a very high share (79%) of regionally occurring grassland species, as well as nearly complete sets of open-habitat generalists and forest species. Redundancy analysis showed that clear-cuts in forests with different environmental characteristics harbour distinct butterfly assemblages, their contribution to the butterfly fauna in forest landscapes being thus complementary. This as well as several other lines of evidence indicate that most butterfly species can form resident populations in harvested forest landscapes. Our findings demonstrate that considering novel types of forest openings as 'temporary meadows' can substantially improve the conservation prospects for butterflies and other organisms that have traditionally been considered to inhabit grasslands and other open habitats in agricultural landscapes. Human-altered ecosystems may thus prove to be a viable alternative where restoring or maintaining natural and semi-natural habitats is impossible.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84994893919","10.3390/su8100989","2016-09-30","Energy efficiency and sustainability evaluation of space and water heating in urban residential buildings of the hot summer and coldwinter zone in China","With the urbanization process of the hot summer and cold winter (HSCW) zone in China, the energy consumption of space and water heating in urban residential buildings of the HSCW zone has increased rapidly. This study presents the energy efficiency and sustainability evaluation of various ways of space and water heating taking 10 typical cities in the HSCW zone as research cases. Two indicators, primary energy efficiency (PEE) and sustainability index based on exergy efficiency, are adopted to perform the evaluation. Models for the energy and total exergy efficiencies of various space and water heating equipment/systems are developed. The evaluation results indicate that common uses of electricity for space and water heating are the most unsustainable ways of space and water heating. In terms of PEE and sustainability index, air-source heat pumps for space and water heating are suitable for the HSCW zone. The PEE and sustainability index of solar water heaters with auxiliary electric heaters are greatly influenced by local solar resources. Air-source heat pump assisted solar hot water systems are the most sustainable among all water heating equipment/systems investigated in this study. Our works suggest the key potential for improving the energy efficiency and the sustainability of space and water heating in urban residential buildings of the HSCW zone.",,,,,,,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84992371740","10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61375-8","2016-10-01","Emergy analysis of paddy farming in Hunan Province, China: A new perspective on sustainable development of agriculture","67%. The research results show that non-market services of paddy farming contribute significantly to human well-being. Therefore, in order to protect the multi-functionality of paddy farming and achieve the sustainable management, the government should take reasonable measures and make incentive plans.",,1,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84965049928","10.1016/j.marpol.2016.04.038","2016-10-01","Governing the Arctic Ocean","The biophysical state change currently underway in the Arctic Ocean is opening up the region to new and intensified human activities. While the pace of development is not as rapid as many expected a few years ago, increased human activities are generating new needs for governance pertaining to the Arctic Ocean. The critical shortcomings of the existing arrangements applicable to this area arise from jurisdictional and sectoral fragmentation. A more effective governance system for the entire Arctic Ocean must rest on the constitutive foundation provided by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. The toolkit provided by the law of the sea includes at least four distinct though not mutually exclusive approaches: (i) the application of specific provisions of UNCLOS (e.g. Arts. 122 and 123) to address emerging needs for governance in the Arctic Ocean, (ii) the development of UNCLOS implementing agreements that are applicable to the Arctic Ocean, (iii) the use of measures adopted by UN specialized agencies (e.g. IMO, FAO), and (iv) the creation of subsidiary bodies, such as regional fisheries management organizations or regional seas arrangements, tailored to the circumstances of the Arctic Ocean. A critical review of these approaches reveals their strengths and weaknesses as mechanisms for meeting emerging needs for governance in the Arctic Ocean. The way forward is likely to feature the development of a multi-functional arrangement that applies to human activities in the entire Arctic Ocean and that allows for distinct categories of members possessing different rights and responsibilities.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84989227514","10.1089/lgbt.2016.0060","2016-10-01","Experiences of Trans Women and Two-Spirit Persons Accessing Women-Specific Health and Housing Services in a Downtown Neighborhood of Vancouver, Canada","Purpose: Little is known about trans womens' experiences accessing gender-segregated health and housing services, particularly services for marginalized individuals living in poverty. As such, we conducted a qualitative investigation into experiences of accessing women-specific health and housing services among trans women and two-spirit persons in a downtown neighborhood of Vancouver, Canada. Methods: Between June 2012 and May 2013 interviews were conducted with 32 trans women and two-spirit individuals who had accessed women-specific health and/or housing services. Participants were recruited from four open prospective cohorts of sex workers and individuals who use drugs. Interview data were analyzed using a participatory analysis approach with two participants who were hired as research assistants. Results: Participants were generally able to access women-specific services in the neighborhood. However, there were reports of discrimination related to gender identity, discrimination based on gender expression (e.g., requirement of a feminine gender expression), and lack of staff intervention in harassment from other service users. Conclusion: Trans women and two-spirit persons in our study relied upon services for their health and safety and, therefore, exclusion from women-specific services had potentially severe adverse consequences such as homelessness and sexual violence. Recommendations to improve accessibility, including policy development and procedural recommendations, are put forth.",1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85010441833","10.1590/ES0101-73302016166022","2016-10-01","Political socialization and internet in the construction of a youth´s political culture in southern Brazil La socialisation politique et l’internet dans la construction d’une culture politique de la jeunesse dans le sud du Brésil Socialização política e internet na construção de uma cultura política juvenil no sul do Brasil","Expectations and demands for a more equitable and inclusive society have been disseminated over the internet through social networks. The importance of the internet in Brazil is because new spaces appeared for the formation of collective identities and a new way to communicate with the State demanded by the youth, constituting therefore a new form of political socialization. The profile of young people who took part in protests in the past five years points to a new generation of “rebels” who wish to expulse existing institutions. These events bring up the discussion of the relationship between the youth’s political development and the construction of a democratic political culture through political socialization.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85008515612","10.17521/cjpe.2016.0068","2016-10-10","Effects of experimental warming on plant reproductive phenology in Xizang alpine meadow","Aims: Climate warming strongly influences reproductive phenology of plants in alpine and arctic ecosystems. Here we focus on phenological shifts caused by warming in a typical alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Our objective was to explore phenological responses of alpine plant species to experimental warming. Methods: Passive warming was achieved using open-top chambers (OTCs). The treatments included control (C), and four levels of warming (T1, T2, T3, T4). We selected Kobresia pygmaea, Potentilla saundersiana, Potentilla cuneata, Stipa purpurea, Festuca coelestis and Youngia simulatrix as the focal species. Plant phenology was scored every 3-5 days in the growing season. The reproductive phenology phases of each species were estimated through fitting the phenological scores to the Richards function. Important findings: Under soil water stress caused by warming, most plants in the alpine meadow advanced or delayed their reproductive events. As a result, warming significantly delayed phenological development of K. pygmaea. Warming significantly advanced reproductive phenology of P. saundersiana, S. purpurea and F. coelestis, but not of P. cuneata and Y. simulatrix. In addition, warming significantly shortened the average flowering duration of alpine plant species. The potentially warmer and drier growing seasons under climate change may shift the reproductive phenology of the alpine systems in similar pattern.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84984633430","10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.07.005","2016-10-24","Using a GIS-tool to evaluate potential eelgrass reestablishment in estuaries","The lacking recovery of eelgrass (Zostera marina) has been observed in many coastal areas throughout the world. Through a strategic field project we managed to characterize and quantify the impact of new and already known stressors and their thresholds on the recovery process. The stressing mechanisms were 1) Physical stress from wave and current action 2) low sediment anchoring capacity facilitate uprooting of eelgrass seedlings; 3) benthic light intensity 4) ballistic stress from drifting macroalgae are damaging seedlings, 5) too frequent resuspension impoverishing the benthic light climate and dispersing seeds to deeper areas not sufficiently supported with light, 6) lugworms burial of seeds, and uprooting or burial of seedlings. Based on the field and supporting laboratory studies we present a GIS-tool that from data on a suite of stressors are able to predict potential areas for recovery of eelgrass by transplantation actions and seed broadcast. Input data may be field data or model simulation results. Here we have used model results. These input data were reclassified into 5 ranges, according to how much it impacted the eelgrass recovery process: 1) Optimal recovery, 2) Good recovery, 3) Threshold for recovery, 4) Poor recovery and 5) Very poor recovery. Afterward a weighed overlay function was performed, ending up with an accumulated value for stress impact on the eelgrass recovery process in all location in the Danish estuary, Odense Fjord. The GIS-tool is able to calculate and visualize areas of individual and/or multi-stress situations at specific locations. It also managed to identify potential recovery area at the present loading and after a 30% reduction of the external nitrogen loading of the system. Further validation by field activities is needed to verify the precision of the tool.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84978795798","10.1007/s11069-016-2465-z","2016-11-01","Disaster risk reduction knowledge among children in Muzarabani District, Zimbabwe","Consistent with the Hyogo Framework for Action and its successor, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the Zimbabwean government has assigned the national mandate towards disaster risk reduction (DRR) and its integration in education and awareness programmes in schools and communities. In this regard, DRR awareness and training programs have already been initiated in schools and communities, mainly through non-governmental organisations and the Department of Civil Protection. However, the effectiveness of these education and awareness programs among children who relay DRR knowledge and its effect on risk perception have not yet been evaluated. This study therefore explores the extent to which the disaster education programmes influenced risk perception among the children in Muzarabani, one of the disaster-prone areas of Zimbabwe. Using a qualitative approach, 40 individual interviews and four focus group discussions were held with school-going children between 8 and 18 years. Results indicated that children had a good basic knowledge about the disaster risks they were facing. Ranking the hazards according to their severity and frequency, children indicated that droughts were most common, but floods were the most severe. Floods were described as the most frightening, dangerous, destructive, and sometimes unpredictable. The sight of collapsed houses and schools was disturbing for children and served as a reminder of past danger and something that is likely to happen repeatedly. Children developed understanding of drought and floods from experience, school, and family. The memorability of past events had led to heightened perceptions of risk which implies that the respondents perceived risks to the extent or magnitude that they had previously experienced them. The fact that children were worried and aware that they were at risk does not mean that they were prepared and would be actively involved in risk reduction. Worry was not the main link between awareness and preparedness. Preparedness depended on the availability of resources, political commitment, and social support not on level of awareness and worry. Children had the disaster knowledge but had limited coping capacity.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84992727442","10.1016/j.hpb.2016.07.012","2016-11-01","Risk by indication for pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients 80 years and older: a study from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program","27). On multivariable analysis (controlling for confounders), a high-risk diagnosis was shown to be an independent predictor of prolonged length of stay, superficial surgical-site infection (SSI), and organ-space SSI. There was no increased risk of complications in patients ≥80 years with low-risk diagnoses. Conclusion In patients 80 or older undergoing PD, perioperative risk varies by diagnostic indication. Patients should receive preoperative counseling about their risk.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84959055716","10.1080/07294360.2016.1144575","2016-11-01","Searching for ‘a third space’: a creative pathway towards international PhD students’ academic acculturation","Undertaking a PhD is a challenging endeavour. Pursuing a doctoral education in a ‘foreign’ context tends to increase the demands of this intellectual venture. The nature of research-based PhD programmes, often characterised by a lack of formal curricula where academic supervision lasts several years, may add another layer of complexity. Drawing upon an extended version of Urie Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological theory of human development, this paper attempts to offer a greater understanding of both academic and non-academic concerns confronting international PhD students with a view to highlighting their implications for institutional policy and practice. Underpinned by a visual metaphor approach, our research findings advocate embedding the use of ‘a third space’ as a creative pathway and strategy for maximising students’ chances of achieving a successful PhD academic acculturation journey.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85006333228","10.13196/j.cims.2016.11.009","2016-11-01","Simulation research on fuzzy control of PHEV powertrain engine","To alleviate environment pollution and reduce energy consumption, the engine performance control of Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) was researched. Based on the testing data of engine operating efficiency, the most desirable controlling point was determined. By combining with control influence of motor, the operation curve fuzzy control strategy of engine was optimized. Simulation comparison analysis was conducted with software ADVISOR and electric assisted controlling strategy, and the results indicated that fuzzy control strategy which considered integrated control motor and engine could reduce fuel consumption and emission. Meanwhile, dynamic performance kept invariant. The research could further improve the level of energy conservation and emission reduction of HEV.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84996629735","10.1186/s40545-016-0088-0","2016-11-10","Fighting poor-quality medicines in low- and middle-income countries: The importance of advocacy and pedagogy","The globalization of pharmaceutical production has not been accompanied by a strengthening and harmonization of the regulatory systems worldwide. Thus, the global market is characterized today by a situation of multiple standards, and patients in low- and middle-income countries are exposed to the risk of receiving poor-quality medicines. Among those who first raised the alarm on this problem, there were pioneering humanitarian groups, who were in a privileged position to witness the gap in quality of medicines between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries. Despite an increasing awareness of the problem and the launch of some positive initiatives, the divide in pharmaceutical quality between the North and the South remains important, and insufficiently addressed. More advocacy is needed for universal access to quality-assured medicines. It should target all those who are strongly involved with medicines: regulators, international organizations, journalists, purchasers, prescribers, program managers, policy makers, public health actors and the patients. Advocacy should be based on evidence from research and monitoring programs, and technical concepts should be translated in lay language through communication tools that address all the stakeholders. The fight to ensure universal access to quality medicines needs the participation of all, and can only be successful if grounded in common understanding.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85006788265","10.1109/ICCSP.2016.7754416","2016-11-22","Direction of arrival estimation in smart antenna for marine communication","A communication link between fishing vessels or with the sea shore using Wi-Fi is explored in this paper. For effective communication a high gain antenna is mounted at the sea shore which acts as base station (BS). Although narrow band directional antenna used in the Base Station (BS) ensures the connectivity for a long distance, the coverage will be poor without any steering mechanism, as the antenna beam is fixed in a particular direction. The proposed smart antenna with adaptive beamforming and multiple access technique can ensure the coverage without losing connectivity at long distance. The main objective is to find the Direction of Arrival (DoA) of the received signal from the fishing vessel moving at a constant velocity for adaptive steering of the antenna beam. The DoA parameter gives the phase and amplitude of the signal transmitted from the fishing vessel. The same phase and amplitude help to calculate the beam forming vectors in the smart antenna and it adaptively steers the beam towards fishing vessel. This paper describes how DoA estimation can apply to a beam forming Wi-Fi antenna array which is used for marine communication, and give a mathematical model of DoA estimation.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84959501922","10.1002/ccd.26463","2016-12-01","Abnormal distortion of aortic corevalve bioprosthesis with suicide left ventricle, aortic insufficiency, and severe mitral regurgitation during transcatheter aortic valve replacement","We present a patient with critical degenerative aortic stenosis, mitral annular and aortomitral continuity calcification, and senile sigmoid septal hypertrophy who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement using the CoreValve bioprosthesis. Immediately after predilation of the aortic valve (18-mm balloon), the patient developed severe hypotension and dynamic left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction with systolic anterior motion of the anterior mitral leaflet, causing severe mitral regurgitation. After deployment of a 26-mm bioprosthesis, a transesophageal echocardiogram and left ventriculogram showed that the frame of the bioprosthesis appeared distorted and underexpanded. On the mitral side of the aorta (side of the aortomitral curtain between 12:00 and 3:00, echo short axis view), we found moderate periprosthetic aortic insufficiency with worse mitral regurgitation. The left ventricle was small and hyperdynamic (ejection fraction >85%). The patient soon developed complete heart block, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia. She was resuscitated with aggressive intravenous fluids, vasopressors, and an emergently placed atrioventricular sequential pacemaker. We postdilated the 26-mm bioprosthesis with a 22-mm Z-Med balloon and subsequently with a 25-mm balloon. Each balloon was inflated to its nominal volume and pressure and conformed the nitinol frame of the valve to the net circular shape and expected diameter. However, as soon as each balloon was deflated, the surrounding aortic root anatomy visibly recoiled and the frame returned to its smaller diameter with a distorted shape. A second 26-mm CoreValve bioprosthesis was then deployed in a “valve-in-valve” configuration. Soon after, the patient's hemodynamics improved, her clinical condition stabilized, and she completely recovered. ",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84973408171","10.1016/bs.amb.2015.07.003","2016-12-01","Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphins in Borneo: A Review of Current Knowledge with Emphasis on Sarawak","Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) are documented from various locations along Borneo's coast, including three sites in Sarawak, Malaysia, three sites in Sabah, Malaysia, three locations in Kalimantan, Indonesia and the limited coastal waters of the Sultanate of Brunei. Observations in all these areas indicate a similar external morphology, which seems to fall somewhere between that documented for Chinese populations known as S. chinensis, and that of Sousa sahulensis in Australia and Papua New Guinea. Sightings occur in shallow nearshore waters, often near estuaries and river mouths, and associations with Irrawaddy dolphins (Orcaella brevirostris) are frequently documented. Population estimates exist for only two locations and sightings information throughout Borneo indicates that frequency of occurrence is rare and group size is usually small. Threats from fisheries by-catch and coastal development are present in many locations and there are concerns over the ability of these small and fragmented populations to survive. The conservation and taxonomic status of humpback dolphins in Borneo remain unclear, and there are intriguing questions as to where these populations fit in our evolving understanding of the taxonomy of the genus.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84931087239","10.1016/j.jher.2015.05.003","2016-12-01","Improved Thomas–Fiering and wavelet neural network models for cumulative errors reduction in reservoir inflow forecast","52 × 1010 m3 in the coming year (here is 2006), which is approximately 70% of incoming frequency based on daily observed inflow data from 1980 to 2005.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85015645333","10.1093/nutrit/nuw048","2016-12-01","Microbiome and nutrition in autism spectrum disorder: Current knowledge and research needs","Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the fastest growing neurodevelopmental disorder in the United States. Besides genetic risks, environmental factors have been suggested to contribute to the increase in ASD diagnosis over the past decade. Several studies have reported abnormalities in microbiota composition and differences in microbial metabolites in children with ASD. Gastrointestinal discomfort is commonly reported in children with ASD. Additionally, food selectivity and picky eating patterns are commonly reported. A number of mechanisms underlying the interaction between nutrition, the gut microbiota, and ASD symptoms via the microbiota-gut-brain axis have been proposed, including immune, hormonal, or neuronal pathways. Here, the current evidence base regarding the gut environment and nutritional status of children with ASD is reviewed. Potential underlying mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in ASD and the interplay between nutrition, microbiota, and ASD symptoms are also reviewed. Future studies investigating the microbiota in the context of dietary intake are needed to increase understanding of the interplay between diet and the gut microbiota in ASD and to identify potential dietary, probiotic, or prebiotic intervention strategies.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84978066090","10.1186/s40152-016-0046-0","2016-12-01","Fish as a ‘bridge’ connecting migrant fishers with the local community: findings from Okinawa, Japan","Migration is part of fishers’ livelihood strategies, and the topic of ‘migration and fisheries’ has gained considerable attention from researchers. Previous works identified negative and positive impacts of migrant fishers on local communities. However, little attention has been given to how social relationships are actually built between migrant fishers and local residents. This paper is based on observations of daily life and social connections in a coastal village in Okinawa, Japan and aims to fill this gap. It also provides a picture of how relationships between migrant fishers and host communities are built. Fieldwork yielded the following results. 1) Migrants moved to Okinawa in various phases; 2) Through their fishing activities, they have established good relationships with other fishers and non-fishing residents; 3) Sharing and selling fishery products has helped migrant fishers and their families gain socio-cultural knowledge and learn about the social conventions of the community, enabling them to integrate themselves into the social fabric of local community life.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85005952316","10.5380/raega.v38i0.42955","2016-12-01","Vulnerability to erosion on the coast of paranÁ established by application of multi-criteria analysis Vulnerabilidade aos processos erosivos no litoral do paranÁ estabelecido pela aplicaÇÃo da anÁlise multicritÉrios","The coastline of the state of Paraná, Brazil, beyond the natural interference, has undergone intense human occupation. Thus, processes such as coastal erosion are seen as risk factors. Based on these statements, this study aims to spatial analysis, focusing environmental issues and identifying critical areas, important for the occupation management, in the municipality of Matinhos. The field work consisted in identifying and locating evidence of erosion on the coastline (width of the shoreline), morphological features considered to favor these processes (natural/anthropogenic washouts), and shoreline protection structures (riprap, walls, stairs). The methodology used in this study classified the northern and central parts of Matinhos as less vulnerable to erosion. The increased vulnerability was found in Caiobá, Riviera and Flamingo beaches, just where the shoreline protection structures were and where urbanization had become more consolidated. This research has led to important results that may be incorporated into the public policies of the coastal zone, with a practical methodology with the application of indicators and a spatial analysis tool that will contribute to vulnerability studies of coastal erosion.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84989870796","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.059","2016-12-15","Weathering patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contained in submerged Deepwater Horizon oil spill residues when re-exposed to sunlight","The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill event released a large amount of sweet crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). An unknown portion of this oil that arrived along the Alabama shoreline interacted with nearshore sediments and sank forming submerged oil mats (SOMs). A considerable amount of hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were trapped within these buried SOMs. Recent studies completed using the oil spill residues collected along the Alabama shoreline have shown that several PAHs, especially higher molecular weight PAHs (four or more aromatic rings), are slowly weathering compared to the weathering levels experienced by the oil when it was floating over the GOM. In this study we have hypothesized that the weathering rates of PAHs in SOMs have slowed down because the buried oil was isolated from direct exposure to sunlight, thus hindering the photodegradation pathway. We further hypothesized that re-exposing SOMs to sunlight can reactivate various weathering reactions. Also, SOMs contain 75–95% sand (by weight) and the entrapped sand could either block direct sunlight or form large oil agglomerates with very little exposed surface area; these processes could possibly interfere with weathering reactions. To test these hypotheses, we completed controlled experiments to study the weathering patterns of PAHs in a field recovered SOM sample after re-exposing it to sunlight. Our experimental results show that the weathering levels of several higher molecular weight PAHs have slowed down primarily due to the absence of sunlight-induced photodegradation reactions. The data also show that sand particles in SOM material could potentially interfere with photodegradation reactions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85013803125",,"2017-01-01","Process insert social care in the field of public policy in Brazil O processo de inserção da assistência social no campo da política pública no Brasil","This study aims to understand the inclusion of social care within the public policy through an historical analysis. In its progress, we used the deductive method, through the qualitative and technical approach involving the documentary-legal and bibliographic research. The results showed that the Sistema único de Assistência Social has a Política Nacional de Assistência Social and a series of instruments that recognize social assistance as a public policy, as the right of Brazilian society, seeking to break the culture of welfare as mere act of charity or benefit of the State. However, the consolidation of social assistance as a public policy also requires coping with major challenges, such as overcoming the entrenched cultural discourses in purely traditional and conservative nature of society that tends to create a barrier between public policy, social care and the search of the right by the citizen.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020292960",,"2017-01-01","Maternal mortality: A multi-centre study","Aim: To determine causes, age, parity distribution and risk factors responsible for maternal deaths. Methods: This multi-centre study was carried out at three hospitals Services Hospital Lahore, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta and Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital Sialkot from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015. Twenty eight maternal deaths were recorded. Hospitals data analyzed for patients' demographic record including age, parity, education, socio-economic status, trends toward pregnancy and antenatal care in cases of maternal deaths in year 2015. Causative factors leading to mortality were evaluated. Results: Major causative factors were hemorrhage, hypertension and eclampsia and septicemia. Age range was between 20 and 37 years with highest in age group 20 to 35 years. Education, antenatal booking, socioeconomic status were poor and handling by untrained health workers remained a worrisome factor. Conclusion: Reduction in mortality can be achieved by early booking and good ante natal care by trained professionals.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028299542",,"2017-01-01","Effects of various urban land-uses on the epigeic beetle communities in Bangalore city, India","Urban landscapes harbor diverse man-made land-uses ranging from highly modified residential and industrial areas to semi-natural habitats with their associated biotic communities. Understanding the ecological patterns and processes of urban landscapes is required for the maintenance of urban biodiversity and planning in the face of expanding cities and increasing populations. Therefore, we studied the epigeic beetle communities in Bangalore city (India) to examine their responses to different types of urban land-uses. They were systematically sampled using pitfall traps from four land-use types (remnant forest patches, campuses, public parks and vacant residential plots). Different taxonomic groups within the epigeic beetle communities dominated different land-use types. In general, the alpha diversity was higher in residential plots and remnant forest patches than parks and campuses, indicating their differential responses to habitat disturbance. The overall beta diversity was high, with moderate levels of similarity between the sampled locations indicating spatial heterogeneity of urban environments. Among trophic guilds, predators and detrivores dominated residential plots and remnant forest patches, respectively. Finally, we conclude that future urban planning in Bangalore should include even small patches of natural vegetation for conservation of native flora and fauna, as these small patches can provide refuge to native biotic communities, including insects.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85033776722",,"2017-01-01","Energy Procedia","The proceedings contain 83 papers. The topics discussed include: corrosive effects of H2S and NH3 on natural gas piping systems manufactured of carbon steel; evaluation of agriculture eco-efficiency in Latvia; system dynamics model of research, innovation and education system for efficient use of bio-resources; energy and exergy balance methodology. wood chip dryer; a review on interactions between energy performance of the buildings, outdoor air pollution and the indoor air quality; the control of blades orientation to air flow in wind energetic device; energy policy for energy intensive manufacturing companies and its impact on energy efficiency improvements. system dynamics approach; dh company in prosumers role; implementation of hydrogen plasma activation of Mg powder in two steps hydrogenation; evaluation of cellulose content in hemp shives after salt catalyzed hydrolysis; performance evaluation of passive heat barrier system in Latvian climatic conditions; methodology for estimation of carbon dioxide storage in bioproducts; comparison between passive remediation and bioremediation for the hydrocarbons contaminated soil clean up; experimental investigation of downdraft gasifier at various conditions; and carbon storage in wood products.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85039907154",,"2017-01-01","Techniques of fertility protection: An update Techniken der Ferti litätsprote kti on : Ein Update","The progress in therapy of malignant diseases and reproductive medicine enable many patients to approach their family planning even after cytotoxic therapy. Taking into account the age of the patient, the planned oncological therapy and its urgency, as well as the partner status of the patient, various procedures are possible in order to maintain the fertility of the affected woman. Today, relatively well-established fertility protecting techniques exist, that offer a realistic chance of future pregnancy: transposition of the gonads before radiotherapy, drug gonad protection by GnRH analogues, and the cryopreservation of fertilized and unfertilized ova and ovarian tissue. With the abundance of possibilities for fertility protection, a multimodal concept often has to be discussed individually with the patient. Many of the methods are well combinable. In men, the cryopreservation of sperm is generally established as a fertility-preserving measure. In the case of azoospermia, the testicular sperm extract should be offered. A fast and synchronized cooperation with a specialized center and the correct detailed counseling of the affected parties are essential. In the following, the currently applicable techniques in the context of fertility protection are presented and discussed with reference to current literature.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044777663",,"2017-01-01","Sustainable complete streets - Integration between urban design and underground infrastructure - Infravias system","Copyright 2017, Brazilian Petroleum, Gas and Biofuels Institute - IBP.Population growth for urban areas and the lack of coordinated government actions, mainly in underdeveloped countries, characterizing investments in territorial planning according to the demand for public services of infrastructure, sanitation and mobility, has caused problems related to the quality of life of individuals, especially in large metropolises. This lack of integrated vision between the urban design and its infrastructure contributes to the construction of a fragmented city, where infrastructure services are designed and built in Isolated condition, without a connection to each other, which impacts mainly in facilities security and increased costs in deployment, maintenance and expansion. The system presented here proposes the integration between urban design and underground infrastructure, demonstrated through a case study of an implanted project pilot, where improvements in urban design were observed, mainly in the area of mobility, together with improvements in the safety of the facilities and drastic reduction in its implementation and expansion costs, with land use planning and facilities sharing.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051706379",,"2017-01-01","Study on evaluation of spatial distribution feature of geological heritage resources based on importance analysis: A case study in laiyang basin","32. It was shown that the important geological heritages in Laiyang Basin tend to be highly condensed distribution.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85080904784",,"2017-01-01","Passive architecture in very hot climate: A simple and flexible bioclimatic approach for architects","The last 25 years have been ground-breaking in architectural design on low energy consumption in cold climate, mainly in north-western cultures. For an architect today, the method to design a passive house in cold weather and the choice of the Architectural Actions (AA), are clearly established. When the question comes to how to build a passive house in warmer, hot, and very hot climates, the strategies are poor and often results of a combination of western strategies with a local relook. From several visits in Middle East countries, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, we concluded that the strategy for low consumption houses is not established yet and poorly grasped. The lack of training on low energy consumption in hot climate and the low price of energy, force designers and owners to relay on over usage of air-conditioning systems as measures to catch up on poor bioclimatic design. This paper proposes a new approach on bioclimatic design for hot climates from an architect point of view. It is based on a Cooling Degrees Days approach, a state of art of contemporary architecture and professional experience. Local climates are classified according to passive strategies: cold/cold, cold/cool, temperate/temperate, cold/hot, warm/hot, and hot/hot.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028684763","10.1007/978-3-319-40902-3_14","2017-01-01","Using an online spatial analytics workbench for understanding housing affordability in Sydney","In 2007 the world’s population became more urban than rural, and, according to the United Nations, this trend is to continue for the foreseeable future. With the increasing trend of people moving to urban localities—predominantly cities—additional pressures on services, infrastructure and housing is affecting the overall quality of life of city dwellers. City planners, policy makers and researchers more generally need access to tools and diverse and distributed data sets to help tackle these challenges. In this paper we focus on the online analytical AURIN (Australian Urban Research Infrastructure Network) workbench, which provides a data driven approach for informing such issues. The workbench provides machine to machine (programmatic) online access to large scale distributed and heterogeneous data resources from the definitive data providers across Australia. This includes a rich repository of data which can be used to understand housing affordability in Australia. For example there is more than 20 years of longitudinal housing data nationwide, with information on each housing sales transaction at the property level. For the first time researchers can now systematically access this ‘big’ housing data resource to run spatial-statistical analysis to understand the driving forces behind a myriad of issues facing cities, including housing affordability which is a significant issue across many of Australia’s cities.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85029428581","10.1007/978-3-319-57070-9_5","2017-01-01","Understanding “sustainability” and attitudes of students to the concept of “sustainable development” in China and the UK","This chapter is an investigation into the way(s) that words and phrases such as, “sustainability” and “the environment” are used within China and the UK. It is a comparative analysis of responses from 18 to 21 year old students of Architecture in both countries – carried out by questionnaire sampling of students from both regions – and provides an initial assessment of the extent and possible meaning of any key differences in understanding of these terms. The discourse on sustainability is well-established in the UK but is not regularly taught as mainstream in Chinese universities, and yet many tutors, lecturers and practitioners educated outside China who are employed or guest lecture in our particular joint China-British university (and evidence shows that this also happens in other Chinese universities) are bringing a Western educational language of sustainability to Chinese students. In my experience, this has led to some discussion among students and this paper – concerning itself with issues related to sustainability – is the start of a wider assessment of social, cultural, practical and political differences in the classroom: in the West and in China. Drawing on a comparison of student responses from one Chinese university and three academically comparable universities in the UK – including questionnaire responses from 115 students studying in UK and 321 students studying in China (436 respondents in total), I examine their understanding of sustainability that might facilitate the use of these concepts more meaningfully. My findings indicate that there are clear disparities between students in China and UK reflecting a different understanding of expectations, settings and context.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067212877","10.1007/978-981-10-2917-2_12","2017-01-01","Luxury Products and Services and the Sustainable Value Chain: Six Management Lessons from Gucci","This chapter investigates the case for the re-moralisation of the idea of luxury and thus for the re-moralisation of luxury products and services through a consideration of luxury products and services and the ‘sustainable value chain’, a concept that incorporates a company’s production system and its impact on its stakeholders from shareholders, customers and suppliers to local communities and national governments. Following a discussion of the idea of luxury and the nature of luxury products and services, the idea of sustainability is considered before the sustainable value chain is explored in the context of the production of luxury products and services. The sustainable practices of the Italian luxury brand Gucci are then explored and six management lessons derived from Gucci’s experience are outlined for all luxury businesses.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85010223550","10.1016/B978-0-12-809330-6.00003-9","2017-01-01","Impact of Climate Change on Water with Reference to the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna River Basin","This chapter emphasizes the impact of climate change on water regime in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) river basin. Situation analysis of the GBM landscape gives an understanding about the potential prospects and emerging challenges of the region in the face of changing climate and environmental pollution that affects water regime and its quality. This chapter reveals the fact that strategic water management at local, national, and river basin scale can be the driving force to address the emerging challenges common to the region, particularly through river conservation, effective governance, and agreed regional policy to be implemented by the governments of the basin countries. The importance of effective regional cooperation through data sharing, confidence building, and water-sharing treaties in water management for multiple benefit sharing are highlighted toward achieving the peoples' welfare of the greater basin. The river systems are interdependent on one another, and hence, integrated and collaborative policies with investment in adaptive technologies are required for a sustainable solution. This chapter sets objectives to identify and appraise the issues, evaluates problems and prospects for common understanding, and sensitizes the policymakers of the GBM countries on managing water under uncertain climate risks so that water-centered sustainable development through an integrated approach is encouraged in new ways of multiple benefit sharing within the horizon of climate change.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,
"2-s2.0-85018524969","10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.014","2017-01-01","Evaluation of different types of anaerobic seed sludge for the high rate anaerobic digestion of pig slurry in UASB reactors","236 L CH4 g−1 COD) at an organic loading rate of 7.2 g COD L−1 d−1. To guarantee the success of the UASB process, the settleable solids of the slurry must be previously removed.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85018725818","10.1016/j.crm.2017.04.002","2017-01-01","Challenges faced by cocoyam farmers in adapting to climate change in Southeast Nigeria"," The study recommends enrollment in cooperatives and revitalizing existing cooperatives, re-orientation of farmers on the benefits of cocoyam and increased used of climate change information sharing using mobile phones as possible ways of alleviating the challenges.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85030870529","10.1016/j.energy.2017.09.143","2017-01-01","Direct conversion of sewage sludge to electricity using polyoxomatelate catalyzed flow fuel cell","The traditional treatment of sludge methods are high energy-consumption and expensive processes. Due to the increasing awareness considering risks for the global environment and human health, appropriate treatments of sewage sludge are urgently expected. A novel flow fuel cell technology was reported herein which could convert sewage sludge to electricity directly with high power output. In this flow fuel cell, chemically stable and completely regenerable polyoxometalates (POMs) were used as both catalysts and charge carriers. Thermal induced charge transfer from sludge organisms to POM was successfully used to power the flow fuel cell. The power density of the cell could achieve as high as 50 mW/cm2, which is 100 times higher than the output of microbial sludge fuel cell reported in literature. Catalyst recyclability was investigated and the POMs were demonstrated to be effective to degrade sludge and transfer electrons in the fuel cell system after four rounds.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84959213183","10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.01.018","2017-01-01","A study on the correlation between soil radon potential and average indoor radon potential in Canadian cities","Exposure to indoor radon is identified as the main source of natural radiation exposure to the population. Since radon in homes originates mainly from soil gas radon, it is of public interest to study the correlation between radon in soil and radon indoors in different geographic locations. From 2007 to 2010, a total of 1070 sites were surveyed for soil gas radon and soil permeability. Among the sites surveyed, 430 sites were in 14 cities where indoor radon information is available from residential radon and thoron surveys conducted in recent years. It is observed that indoor radon potential (percentage of homes above 200 Bq m−3; range from 1.5% to 42%) correlates reasonably well with soil radon potential (SRP: an index proportional to soil gas radon concentration and soil permeability; average SRP ranged from 8 to 26). In five cities where in-situ soil permeability was measured at more than 20 sites, a strong correlation (R2 = 0.68 for linear regression and R2 = 0.81 for non-linear regression) was observed between indoor radon potential and soil radon potential. This summary report shows that soil gas radon measurement is a practical and useful predictor of indoor radon potential in a geographic area, and may be useful for making decisions around prioritizing activities to manage population exposure and future land-use planning.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85021968748","10.1016/j.proeng.2017.06.061","2017-01-01","Analysis of the Potential of Autonomous Vehicles in Reducing the Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in Road Transport","Continuous and dynamic growth in demand for road transport, especially in developing countries, causes increase of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. At the same time the emissions of toxic components of exhaust gases harmful to human health and the environment enhance - particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and others. In particular, GHG emission and increase their concentration in the atmosphere, where road transport is the largest issuer in the transport sector, become one of the most important global problems. So far actions towards reducing energy consumption and emissions have not caused a decrease in global emissions. One of the key reasons for this is the presence of Jevons paradox, where the combined demand for transport grew faster than underwent the efficiency improvement of energy consumption and emissions reduction. One of the main reason for this is that vehicles offered on the market (especially cars) are characterized by an increase in weight and engine power. Broad implementation of autonomous vehicle (AV) can be a turning point in terms of reducing emissions of GHG. The aim of authors of this paper is to analyze the potential for AV to reduce GHG emissions from road transport. The analysis includes not only technical and technological issues, but also organizational and in the management of transport demand.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84996946580","10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.022","2017-01-01","Universal health coverage at the macro level: Synthetic control evidence from Thailand","As more and more countries are moving towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC), it is important to understand the macro level or aggregate impacts of such a policy. We use synthetic control methods to study the impact of UHC, introduced in Thailand in 2001, on various macroeconomic and health outcomes. Thailand is compared to a weighted average of control countries in terms of aggregate health financing indicators, aggregate health outcomes and economic performance, over the period 1995 to 2012. Our results suggest that UHC helps alleviate the financial consequences of illnesses. The estimated treatment effect of UHC on out-of-pocket payments as a percentage of overall health expenditures is negative 13 percentage points and its effect on annual government per capita health spending is US$ 79. We detect a smaller effect of US$ 60.8 on total health spending per capita which appears with a lag. We document positive health effects as captured by reductions in infant and child mortality. We do not find any effect on GDP and the share of the government budget devoted to health. Overall, our results complement micro evidence based on within country variation. The counterfactual design implemented here may be used to inform other countries on the macro level repercussions of UHC.",1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048686752","10.1017/9781316875117","2017-01-01","The Cambridge companion to erotic literature","The Cambridge Companion to Erotic Literature offers an introduction to key debates in the study of erotic literature from antiquity to the present. It addresses one of the longest standing controversies in literary history: the boundary between acceptable and unacceptable treatments of human sexuality. Whether scurrilous Roman satire, irreverent Restoration drama, or bold Modernist novel, erotic literature pushes the boundaries of the acceptable and challenges the conventions of more mainstream literatures. In fifteen chapters that range from ancient Greece and Rome to twentieth-century American, English, French, and Dutch literature, experts in the field confront a variety of related topics, such as the definition and scope of erotic literature, the nature of textual pleasure, historical shifts in the understanding of the normal and the perverse, the relationship between gender and genre, sexual violence, homosexuality, sadomasochism, necrophilia, satire, pornography, etc. Students new to the scholarship are provided with a clear and useful introduction; those already familiar with the field are given an exciting glimpse into the most recent work.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85030100247","10.1061/9780784480885.008","2017-01-01","Energy Savings in Water and Wastewater Transmission Systems through the Use of Air Valves","Water and wastewater systems throughout the USA utilize pump stations, gravity pressure flow, and piping layouts that vary in total system efficiency, reliability, and longevity. Pumps and piping systems are often mismatched, suboptimal, and lacking in overall maintenance/operational efficiency. Piping schemes typically have wide fluctuations in elevation, pressures and flow rates. The results of these variables is that air pockets form in piping systems that can decrease the pipeline efficiency resulting in increased pumping costs, longer pump running times, and an increase in pump wear. Additionally, pressure transient (up-surge and down-surge) events occur countless times each day, and the results of these pressure transient events include pipe bursts, pipe collapses, and massive shocks to the piping systems and their components. It is estimated that air in pipelines results in a minimum of 10% increase in pumping costs-purely from the air pockets present in virtually every pumping/pipeline. The Energy Star Program of the EPA estimates that about 4Billion is spent annually in the U.S. alone for energy costs to run drinking water and wastewater utilities. If the sector could reduce energy use by just 10% through investments in energy efficiency collectively it would save about 400 million annually. Properly applied and installed air valves have been proven to reduce energy costs by an average of 10%, as pump run times are decreased, and the energy required to pump the same volume of water/wastewater is reduced as the air is evacuated. Three Case Studies are presented: 1) In Denton County, Texas a lift station and force main with five air valves was experiencing flow rates well below the pumps rated capacity and pump run times of forty-five minutes or longer. Two of the existing air valves were replaced with new air valves and pump rates went from approximately 100 gpm to over 400 gpm and pump run times dropped from an average of 35 minutes to an average of 10 minutes. 2) In Nairobi where the addition of air valves to a water transmission system increased flow rates from 68 MGD to 82 MGD. 3) In Uganda where flow rates increase from 595 GPM to 660 GPM in a water transmission system through the addition of air valves. Through this paper and presentation, A.R.I. USA will share the processes and engineering utilized to correct the energy usage problems associated with air and gasses in pipelines and solutions for improving performance of the pipelines.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028006601","10.1093/aob/mcw249","2017-01-01","Out of Borneo: Biogeography, phylogeny and divergence date estimates of Artocarpus (Moraceae)","Background and Aims The breadfruit genus (Artocarpus, Moraceae) includes valuable underutilized fruit tree crops with a centre of diversity in Southeast Asia. It belongs to the monophyletic tribe Artocarpeae, whose only other members include two small neotropical genera. This study aimed to reconstruct the phylogeny, estimate divergence dates and infer ancestral ranges of Artocarpeae, especially Artocarpus, to better understand spatial and temporal evolutionary relationships and dispersal patterns in a geologically complex region. Methods To investigate the phylogeny and biogeography of Artocarpeae, this study used Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches to analyze DNA sequences from six plastid and two nuclear regions from 75% of Artocarpus species, both neotropical Artocarpeae genera, and members of all other Moraceae tribes. Six fossil-based calibrations within the Moraceae family were used to infer divergence times. Ancestral areas and estimated dispersal events were also inferred. Key Results Artocarpeae, Artocarpus and four monophyletic Artocarpus subgenera were well supported. A late Cretaceous origin of the Artocarpeae tribe in the Americas is inferred, followed by Eocene radiation of Artocarpus in Asia, with the greatest diversification occurring during the Miocene. Borneo is reconstructed as the ancestral range of Artocarpus, with dozens of independent in situ diversification events inferred there, as well as dispersal events to other regions of Southeast Asia. Dispersal pathways of Artocarpus and its ancestors are proposed. Conclusions Borneo was central in the diversification of the genus Artocarpus and probably served as the centre from which species dispersed and diversified in several directions. The greatest amount of diversification is inferred to have occurred during the Miocene, when sea levels fluctuated and land connections frequently existed between Borneo, mainland Asia, Sumatra and Java. Many species found in these areas have extant overlapping ranges, suggesting that sympatric speciation may have occurred. By contrast, Artocarpus diversity east of Borneo (where many of the islands have no historical connections to the landmasses of the Sunda and Sahul shelves) is unique and probably the product of over water long-distance dispersal events and subsequent diversification in allopatry. This work represents the most comprehensive Artocarpus phylogeny and biogeography study to date and supports Borneo as an evolutionary biodiversity hotspot.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028635392","10.1108/IJEM-01-2016-0001","2017-01-01","Learning challenges and preferred pedagogies of international students: A perspective from the USA"," The results of this empirical study will help guide both local faculty and global academic institutions in understanding this student population better.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84964663589","10.1109/TCST.2016.2554060","2017-01-01","Design and Evaluation of Dynamic Positioning Controllers with Parasitic Thrust Reduction for an Overactuated Floating Platform","We investigate which control technique is the most suitable for the dynamic positioning of an overactuated platform. To this end, we develop a backstepping and a model predictive controller (MPC). The presence of redundant control inputs makes the stabilization of the position and the orientation of the platform challenging. Settling delays in the actuator thrust and angle, thrust saturation bounds, and jet rotational velocity bounds contribute to the challenge of the problem. To reduce energy consumption, we propose a technique for restricting the parasitic thrust effect. The significant energy reduction due to parasitic thrust restriction is illustrated in tables. The performance of the controllers is demonstrated by simulations, under realistic environmental disturbances, and is compared with that of a model-based PID controller previously developed, while the platform accomplishes two typical tasks. The evaluation criteria include energy consumption, robustness, and accuracy of the dynamic positioning. Results show the superiority of the MPC.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065286925","10.1136/tsaco-2017-000130","2017-01-01","Geospatial relationship of road traffic crashes and healthcare facilities with trauma surgical capabilities in Nairobi, Kenya: Defining gaps in coverage","Background Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in low- and middleincome countries. Access to timely emergency services is needed to decrease the morbidity and mortality of RTIs and other traumatic injuries. Our objective was to describe the distribution of roadtrafficcrashes (RTCs) in Nairobi with the relative distance and travel times for victims of RTCs to health facilities with trauma surgical capabilities. Methods RTCs in Nairobi County were recorded by the Ma3route app from May 2015 to October 2015 with latitude and longitude coordinates for each RTC extracted using geocoding. Health facility administrators were interviewed to determine surgical capacity of their facilities. RTCs and health facilities were plotted on maps using ArcGIS. Distances and travel times between RTCs and health facilities were determined using the Google Maps Distance Matrix API. Results 89 percent (25/28) of health facilities meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated. Overall, health facilities were well equipped for trauma surgery with 96% meeting WHO Minimal Safety Criteria. 76 percent of facilities performed greater than 12 of three preselected 'Bellweather Procedures' shown to correlate with surgical capability. The average travel time and distance from RTCs to the nearest health facilities surveyed were 7 min and 3.4 km, respectively. This increased to 18 min and 9.6 km if all RTC victims were transported to Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH). Conclusion Almost all hospitals surveyed in the present study have the ability to care for trauma patients. Treating patients directly at these facilities would decrease travel time compared with transfer to KNH. Nairobi County could benefit from formally coordinating the triage of trauma patients to more facilities to decrease travel time and potentially improve patient outcomes. Level of evidence III.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85019074487","10.1177/0958305X16686448","2017-01-01","Facilitating greater energy access in rural and remote areas of sub-Saharan Africa: Small hydropower"," For power sustainability in the region, public–private partnership, domestication of small hydropower technologies and less reliance on foreign technologies and international support are key factors.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,
"2-s2.0-85053554052","10.1201/b22244","2017-01-01","Streamflow quality in low-flow conditions","Low streamflow conditions occur around the world are becoming more frequent and have considerable economic, societal, and environmental impacts. As one of the most important indicators of drought, the factors that affect low flow include rainfall and snowmelt (climate change), land use/land cover, geological characteristics in the watershed, the groundwater flow recharge, the stream’s geometric characteristics, and human impacts. The possible environmental effects due to low streamflow are increased water pollution and sedimentation, and elevation of water temperature, which eventually lead to an unhealthy riverine ecosystem. To address the water quality issue under low-flow conditions, water quality criteria and critical low-flow conditions are defined. The characteristics of low streamflow and its effect on stream water quality are addressed. The low flow estimation methods at gauged and ungauged streams are described. Finally, environmental flow assessment methodologies are introduced.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85086056618","10.14455/isec.res.2017.85","2017-01-01","Effect of fly ash content in mbc bonder for sustainable cfrp retrofit","Copyright The rehabilitation and strengthening of reinforced concrete structures have been attracting increasing attention due to various factors including increase in traffic volume and weight, structural aging and environmental impact. Various techniques such as grouting, guniting and external post-Tensioning are being used to retrofit or strengthen deteriorated members. With recent developments in the application of fiber composites in structural engineering, externally bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) system has become one widely used repair techniques because of its durability and long-Term cost-effectiveness. In the FRP bonded retrofit technique, epoxy is often used as the bonding material. Because of environmental impact and health issues, construction sector is always looking for sustainable alternative bonding materials for FRP retrofit. A new trend on using Mineral Based Composites (MBC) has garnered the attention for a possible alternative to replace the use of harmful epoxy in FRP retrofit. MBC is formed by mixing the cement with some other minerals together and some concrete admixtures. As a part of a project to investigate optimum mix for the MBC, a series of tests were carried out to study the effect of fly ash content in the MBC mix as a partial replacement of cement. This paper discusses the results from this experimental program and evaluates the optimum fly ash content for the MBC and its associated properties.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020922221","10.15666/aeer/1503_17391751","2017-01-01","Evaluation of soil and water conservation projects through estimation of erosion intensity by geomorphological modelling (Case study of safaroud watershed, Mazandaran province, Iran)","05. However, most of the units where the erosion trends turned upwards were located along the margins of villages, mainly due to unsystematic development of the rural areas. Erosion intensities were reduced in most of the forested areas, indicating effectiveness of project implementation in those areas.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85009347622","10.17713/ajs.v46i2.576","2017-01-01","Improving road freight transport statistics by using a distance matrix","Distances driven by road freight vehicles are an essential parameter for the calculation of transport volume. In the Austrian road freight survey, places of loading and unloading are recorded on a postal code basis. To derive the actual distances driven from this data, Statistics Austria uses a distance matrix that was first created in the 1980s. While the first version of this matrix was based on manual measurements, it has recently been recreated and updated using modern routing software. This article describes the methodology on which the current Austrian distance matrix is based. The main points discussed are: how to determine representative centroids for postal code areas; how to deal with journeys within one postal code area; and how to calculate the actual distances using routing software. The last part of the article compares the distance matrix to odometer readings from the Austrian road freight survey of the reference year 2015. This comparison showed a high positive correlation which indicates the good quality of the developed distance matrix and emphasises its usefulness in road freight transport statistics.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85026763365","10.21278/TOF.41208","2017-01-01","Shared responsibility for a clear and accessibly written scientific paper","In this paper, a hypothesis of shared responsibility for a clear and accessibly written scientific paper published in a scientific journal is put forward and discussed. Among the parties sharing the responsibility, i.e. the author, the peer reviewer, the editor-in-chief together with the editorial board, and the language editor, the author has the greatest responsibility. Producing a clear and reader-friendly text to present a scientific content in a proper way is not an easy task for the author. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to highlight some important issues related to scientific writing, such as the structure of the paper, precision and clarity of the text, terminology, abbreviations, and spelling. The challenges of academic writing are illustrated by characteristic examples taken from the papers published in the Transactions of FAMENA. Some experience-based tips on how to develop academic writing skills and recommendations for improving the quality of the text are given in conclusion.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85031294749","10.2495/BIM170101","2017-01-01","Methodological discussion of insertion and exportation of LCA data embedded in BIM elements","The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology can be used to quantify, in the design phase, the impacts of a product throughout its life cycle and to determine which building components have the highest potential impacts. However, such a method has often been avoided due to the need for detailed input data and the complexity of the available tools. For that reason, although LCA is increasingly present in the construction sector demands, professionals continuously pursue new ways to incorporate such methodology to the building design and construction processes, as simple and uncomplicated as possible. A promising possibility is the incorporation of building systems LCA data in the BIM software tools. Numerous limitations of BIM-based LCA have been identified over the years. For instance, the complexity of LCA software tools, particularly as regards the data input and interpretation of results, and the interoperability issues, all need to be overcome. Once BIM models are composed of smart objects, which represent construction elements with encapsulated intelligence, they are expected to be where LCA data could be applied. In this paper a conceptual and methodological discussion will be developed on the practical possibilities of inclusion and export of LCA data embedded in BIM elements, focusing on Autodesk Revit software and its features. Such a discussion will take place by exploiting technological possibilities of such software and evaluating the possibilities of development and modification of parametric elements and families, as well as the further export potential of such embedded LCA information. The main goal is the construction of a robust theoretical framework that will precede the future development of a methodological BIM-LCA integration tool by the exploitation of the features available in the existing software.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85026403521","10.3303/CET1758080","2017-01-01","Developing a new technology for the two phase methane fermentation sludge recirculation process","Copyright 375 g glucose as substrate in an incubator at 37 °C for 150h. Gas generation and composition were measured every 6 h with GC. The organic acid and glucose concentration was measured with HPLC after fermentation. Microbial community structure was analyzed with a next-generation DNA sequencer on the hydrogen fermentation sludge. HCW treatment at 0.5 MPa was effective and high hydrogen yield over 1.5 mol- H2/mol-glucose was obtained in two of three replicates, which was 4 times higher than non-treatment, and 3 times higher than heat treatment. Microbial community structure analysis showed that HCW treatment at 0.5 MPa was more effective than heat treatment for eliminating methanogenic bacteria and dominating Clostridium.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85052371817","10.3850/978-981-11-2722-9_MTEC010103","2017-01-01","Usage of marine renewable energy for maritime applications","Copyright There is a growing need for energy among marine users towards aquaculture, defense, transport, oil & gas and shipping with a global interest to cut down carbon footprint. Today the energy needs are fulfilled through fossil fuel and hence an interest towards clean alternative energy sources in marine conditions is needed. Ocean energy is a free clean energy resource and can be harnessed to support marine user's energy needs and still preserve the serenity of the ocean conditions. Among various types of energy sources, tidal energy system is becoming a matured technology with high certainty, scalability and availability to support energy needs. Current global efforts are towards seabed mounted tidal turbines that are connected with subsea cables to grids which contributes the bulk cost of deployment of these technologies. In this paper, the authors present the novel idea of integrating a tidal turbine system with barge based systems, which enables easy deployment in the high tidal energy resource sites as a local power source and can be easily towed to shores for easy maintenance. Notably the idea of harnessing ocean energy to explore cost efficient and effective energy storage solutions towards providing the infrastructure for electrification of boats and other maritime related power needs is proposed.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048338767","10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_225_17","2017-01-01","Determinants of tobacco use and prevalence of oral precancerous lesions in cab drivers in Bengaluru city, India","88% of cab drivers were consuming tobacco in any form. Long working hours, working at night, and family members consuming tobacco were significant risk factors for tobacco use among cab drivers. Forty‑eight drivers were detected to have oral precancerous lesions. Conclusions: It was very evident that long hours of driving and infrequent shifts played a greater role in acquiring the habit. Behavioral counseling and new laws need to be formed to limit the working hours in drivers to have an effective tobacco control.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85082907199","10.4324/9781315252162-28","2017-01-01","Sustainable downtown urban renewal: Redefining yonge street","For several reasons the urban core is one of the most challenging areas for dealing with environmental problems. First, it does not embody the urgency of a contaminated industrial site nor does it command the emotional response that a residential neighbourhood may inspire. Due to its commercial orientation, the environmental health of the urban core is ultimately equated with its economic vitality. Thus, in an economically challenged downtown area, the natural environment does not hold priority in renewal efforts. Finally, due to the physical density of built form and impermeable surfaces, little more than the weather acts as a connection to the natural world. Many people including consumers, residents and business owners remain apathetic to their environmental impact within the urban core.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85040643488","10.4337/9781786432735.00029","2017-01-01","Restoring the rangelands","Rangelands, defined as arid and semi-arid grasslands, scrublands and tundra, make up approximately 50 percent of the earth’s terrestrial surfaces. Historically the lack of rain and its irregularity meant they were used for nomadic grazing. Today due to a range of factors, including grazing pressure, most rangelands are significantly degraded. At the same time, many have become major mineral and energy production centres, making them economic engines of international significance. Much of the wealth, however, is exported to urban areas and little is invested into restoring the land from which it was generated. Based on the Australian experience, this chapter identifies ten emergent characteristics or bespoke methodologies common, to varying degrees, across a number of rangeland restoration programmes that are design based and focus on creating new rangeland systems, rather than planning-based interventions seeking to achieve agreed goals.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042729926","10.5771/0935-9915-2017-1-121","2017-01-01","International trade in infant industries: A dynamic analysis of different trade policy instruments and their implications for sustainable consumption","Infant industries have come to be associated with behind the frontier technologies in developing countries. This paper takes a fresh look at the infant industry problem and in the more contemporary perspective of developed-emerging economy competition in lead markets such as for example the global solar panel industry. Different policy scenarios are considered under two different trading regimes. First one where all firms learn symmetrically in cost. Then one where learning paths and preference about sustainable consumption partly could be conforming with prevailing institutions in each country. The paper demonstrates that NTBs or standards can be welfare improving in ways that ordinary instruments such as tariffs and subsidies cannot.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85009960671","10.1080/02529203.2017.1268396","2017-01-02","Special Issue: Language Studies and Methods from the Cross-Disciplinary Perspective*: Urban Citizens’ Linguistic Competence from the Perspective of New-Style Urbanization","New-style urbanization is not only a major national strategy for today but also an inevitable trend of social development. It supplies a broad stage for the development of urban citizens’ linguistic competence, which in turn constitutes the basis and motive force of the new-style urbanization and plays a pivotal role in its construction. Proceeding from linguistic competence is an effective measure for dealing with some of the thorny problems arising in the course of new-style urbanization, while new-style urbanization offers an opportunity for the improvement of urban citizens’ linguistic competence.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84991503404","10.1016/j.matdes.2016.10.016","2017-01-05","Preparation and characterization of attapulgite-based nanofibrous membranes","Inspired by the woodpile and irregular entanglement phenomenon, attapulgite (AT)-based nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) with different poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) contents were fabricated via a facile method consisting of pulping, handsheet making and low temperature drying process. In this study, the dispersion state and rheological behavior of AT with different PVA contents were studied. A “woodpile” structure of AT-based NFMs was proposed and discussed. AT-based NFMs showed high porosity (above 50%), high tensile strength (12.5 MPa) and elongation at break (1.9%). Furthermore, the optimized AT-9 exhibited low pore size (around 10 nm), good hydrophilicity (contact angle, 31.3°), high pure water flux (105 L m− 2 h− 1 bar− 1) and high rejection (0.1 MPa, 99.4%) for oil/water emulsion, suggesting a promising candidate for wastewater treatment applications. This work also provides a new insight into the design and development of inorganic-based NFMs.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85014598363","10.7755/FB.115.2.5","2017-01-19","Patterns of courtship acoustics and geophysical features at spawning sites of black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci)","Geomorphological assessments were conducted and passive acoustic recordings were collected from 2012 through 2014 at 3 recently identified spawning aggregations of the black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci) in Puerto Rico and southern Florida. A time series of courtship-associated sounds (CASs) by black grouper were analyzed in relation to lunar and diel periodicities, water temperature, and tidal stage. Analysis of CAS recordings indicated similar temporal patterns at the 3 spawning aggregations. Spawning season was correlated with decreased water temperature. Within the spawning season, CAS production was influenced significantly by lunar and diel periodicities and sound production peaked between the last quarter and new moons during evening hours. The data from this study also indicate a potential correlation with tidal stage. Temporal patterns were similar during 3 consecutive years at Mona Island in Puerto Rico and for the geographically isolated sites of Mona Island and Riley’s Hump off Florida. At Bajo de Sico in Puerto Rico, courtship activity was lower than that at the other sites but reflected the same general patterns in 2014. For all 3 sites, spawning aggregations were found less than 150 m from a promontory at depths between 25 and 35 m near deep water (>100 m).",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84995477532","10.1007/s00287-016-1009-y","2017-02-01","Toward Self-monitoring Smart Cities: the OpenSense2 Approach","The sustained growth of urban settlements in the last years has had an inherent impact on the environment and the quality of life of their inhabitants. In order to support sustainability and improve quality of life in this context, we advocate the fostering of ICT-empowered initiatives that allow citizens to self-monitor their environment and assess the quality of the resources in their surroundings. More concretely, we present the case of such a self-monitoring Smart City platform for estimating the air quality in urban environments at high resolution and large scale. Our approach is a combination of mobile and human sensing that exploits both dedicated and participatory monitoring. We identify the main challenges in such a crowdsensing scenario for Smart Cities, and in particular we analyze issues related to scalability, accuracy, accessibility, privacy, and discoverability, among others. Moreover, we show that our approach has the potential to empower citizens to diagnose their environment using mobile and portable sensing devices, combining their personal data with a public higher accuracy air quality network.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85006817875","10.1016/j.ejop.2016.10.004","2017-02-01","Historical trends in the species inventory of tintinnids (ciliates of the microzooplankton) in the Bay of Villefranche (NW Mediterranean Sea): Shifting baselines"," The substantial effort required to adequately sample a locality and possible historical changes in species inventories suggest that claims of a species as ‘new’ to a locality should be made with caution & caveats.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85002044897","10.1080/09654313.2016.1262825","2017-02-01","How much does urban location matter for growth?","This paper analyses the effect of location characteristics on urban growth using regression cubic splines. Our empirical analysis shows that in Spain, differences in accessibility to major urban centres and geographic isolation help explain differences in population growth rates across municipalities between 2001 and 2014. Moreover, even though physical proximity to large cities is usually assumed to be closely related to the attractiveness of a municipality, we found that urban population growth is even more related to the joint effect of distance to major centres and agglomeration. In this respect, there seems to be a threshold from which agglomeration diseconomies come into play such that a greater proximity to major cities and/or being localized within a more densely populated area goes against local growth.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85045265801","10.1515/opag-2017-0040","2017-02-01","Farmers' perceptions, believes, knowledge and management practices of potato pests in South-Kivu Province, eastern of Democratic Republic of Congo","Based on previous complaints and reports from farmers to researchers about potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) problems in South-Kivu Province, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (RDCongo), there was a need to understand farmers' knowledge of existing insect pest problems and current management practice challenges. Such information is important for designing a suitable intervention and successful integrated pest management (IPM) strategy for the Province. Hence, using a semi-structured questionnaire, a farm household survey was conducted among 300 potato farmers in six sites belonging to 2 territories (Kabare, Kalehe) of South-Kivu Province from June to August 2015. Insect pests, diseases and price fluctuations were among the highest ranked constraints in potato production by farmers. Cutworms (Agrotis spp.), aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer), and potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) were the most severe insect pests in medium altitude zones (1600-1950m). Ants (Dorylis orantalis Westwood), whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius), and leafminer flies (Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard) were the pests of high importance reported from sites of very high altitude (2000-2600m). Major yield losses were mostly attributed to late blight (Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary) and or insect pests and reached 65-90% without chemical control in most study sites. On average, farmers had little knowledge about pest characteristics (bio-ecology, behavior,…). Most (71.5%) farmers were not able to correctly identify insect pest species names. Sometimes, two or more species had the same local name. There was a great confusion between damages (attacks) due to pests, diseases and environmental stresses (rains, soil nutrient deficiency) among farmers. Very few (18.5%) farmers interviewed knew with precision some insect pests. Most (80%) farmers did not know what natural enemies of insect pests and IPM were. Seasonal pest outbreak and emerging new pests were phenomenon related to previous long lasting and repetitive civil wars (1995-2016). Farmers (62.8%) perceived that invasion and emergence of new potato pests could be linked to the smoke of bullets, to climate variability and to uncontrolled introduction of new planting materials. There was a confusion between emergency and resurgence of classical pests. In some cases, there was resurgence of classical pests due to resistance to some pesticides. Resistance to pesticide was mainly because farmers were heavily applying pesticides prior to receiving advice from extension workers about wise and safer application of pesticides. The level of severity of potato pest incidence was perceived by farmers as extremely high (68.2%) as compared to the situation 20 years (1995-2016) ago. Current farmers' main response to controlling pests in potato is to apply hazardous, high toxic insecticides that pollute the environment. The predominant control methods were use of fungicides combined (35.7%) or not (64.4%) to insecticides. Potato production in eastern DRCongo is a pesticide dependent crop, according to farmers. This lack of knowledge about environmentally friendly control methods of pests, called for training of both farmers and extension workers in insect pest identification, collection, biology, behavior, ecology, monitoring and control approaches. Empowering farmers with knowledge about insect pests is essential for the reduction of pesticide misuse and uptake of more environmentally friendly approaches like IPM and related strategies (climate smart and Bt-varieties). Field surveys would need follow-up in order to assess the actual field infestation rates and intensities of each insect pest (determine economic injury threshold per species) and develop warning/alerting methods when there are outbreaks in the potato growing zones of eastern DRCongo. There was a call for breeders to develop new varieties that are biotic- abiotic tolerant and which respond to socioeconomic desire of producers and consumers.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85031663599","10.4018/978-1-5225-2023-8.ch006","2017-02-14","Link level resource allocation strategies for green communications in LTE-advanced","Mobile operators are showing a growing concern for energy efficiency in cellular networks in the recent past not only to maintain profitability, but also to tackle the overall environment effects. Such a trend is motivating the standardization bodies, network operators and researchers to aggressively explore techniques to reduce the energy consumption in the network. This trend has stimulated the interest of researchers in an innovative new research area called green cellular networks which is a vast research discipline that needs to cover all the layers of the protocol stack and various system architectures. Since Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A), which promises better support to richer applications, is fast emerging as the next generation cellular network standard and expected to aggravate the energy consumption problem, various techniques have been proposed and researched to improve its energy efficiency. This chapter discusses three link level techniques that attempt to reduce the energy consumption of a LTE-A cell with intelligent MAC layer algorithms.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85017311294",,"2017-03-01","This tailings has the consistency of chocolate pudding: A formal comparison of the geotechnical vane shear strength of food and soft tailings","Experts make a formal comparison of the geotechnical vane shear strength of food and soft tailings. A high-resolution vane shear device designed at the University of Alberta to conduct field vane tests with a soft ground rover has been used to perform the analysis. The design consists of a DC motor, a gearbox, three angular position sensors, and a torsional spring.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84992420570","10.1007/s12310-016-9199-7","2017-03-01","Incorporating Well-Adjusted Peers in a Conduct Problems Prevention Program: Evaluation of Acceptability, Fidelity, and Safety of Implementation","In order to prevent iatrogenic effects associated with interventions that aggregate youth with behavior problems and to promote the integration of these youth into normative peer groups, a comprehensive evidence-based prevention program, Early Risers “Skills for Success” (August et al. in Preventing substance abuse: science-based programs for children and adolescents, American Psychological Association, Washington, 2007), was augmented to include well-adjusted children in a strategic peer affiliation component, or buddy system. A total of 190 kindergartners and first graders from five schools in a Midwestern US city were randomly assigned by school to receive the program or serve as controls. In the first summer program component, the children received 72 h of programming in academics, social skills, and creative arts, all within a highly structured social environment. The feasibility of the program was investigated through examination of acceptability, fidelity, and safety of programming, with special attention to acceptability and safety for well-adjusted peer mentors. Results showed that intervention fidelity, as measured by independent observers, was high. Acceptability was high as well, with no differences in attendance between well-adjusted children and children with behavioral problems. There was no evidence of iatrogenic effects or other unsafe outcomes: Peer-reported victimization did not increase, and well-adjusted children did not increase in aggression. In contrast, both well-adjusted children and their peers with behavior problems increased in teacher-rated social skills, and well-adjusted children increased in leadership. The results suggest that the pairing of well-adjusted children with behavior-problem children in a highly structured program such as Early Risers is a feasible program tactic in which the well-adjusted children may also derive some benefit.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85009110175","10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.01.003","2017-03-01","Trade-offs of European agricultural abandonment","814 km2 of agricultural abandonment in 2040. Impacts on the indicators and trade-offs between the impacts are spatially variable. A typology of typical trade-off bundles at a 1 km2 resolution resulted in four typical trade-off clusters. All clusters identified are characterized by a loss of agriculture-related values, such as agro-biodiversity and cultural heritage. For two clusters, this was accompanied by positive effects on indicators such as carbon sequestration, nature recreation and mammal habitat suitability. Overall, our results indicate that location and scale are key to assess the trade-offs originating from agricultural abandonment in Europe. Identification of typical trade-offs bundles can help to distinguish potential desirable outcomes of agricultural abandonment and assist in targeting measures to areas that face similar management challenges.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84953410700","10.1111/hsc.12316","2017-03-01","Mental health literacy in religious leaders: a qualitative study of Korean American Clergy","Although religious leaders in ethnic minority communities are often the first point of contact for mental health needs, little is known about their mental health literacy. The aim of the current study was to explore the knowledge and beliefs about depression held by Korean American clergy, using a qualitative approach. The Gateway Provider Model (GPM) and Jorm's conceptualisation of mental health literacy served as a framework for the enquiry. Seventeen clergy members serving in Korean communities in two U.S. metropolitan cities participated in an individual in-depth interview during the spring of 2013. Using the constant comparison method, the research team coded the data independently, compared and modified codes, and derived major categories and themes in consensus approach. Eight themes emerged from the interviews, and they were grouped into five categories: (i) the ability to identify the problem; (ii) knowledge about causes and risk factors; (iii) knowledge and beliefs about treatment; (iv) knowledge about resources and services; and (v) contextual factors. Despite some variations, a majority of the participants acknowledged that depression is an important issue in the Korean American community and felt a sense of responsibility for the well-being of their community members. The findings highlight the need for mental health education and training for religious leaders in ethnic minority communities to help them properly respond to community mental health needs.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85017129537","10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0030","2017-03-01","Estimation of lung cancer burden in Australia, the Philippines, and Singapore: an evaluation of disability adjusted life years","Copyright Objective: Lung cancer is one of the leading cancers and major causes of cancer mortality worldwide. The economic burden associated with the high mortality of lung cancer is high, which accounts for nearly $180 billion on a global scale in 2008. This paper aims to understand the economic burden of lung cancer in terms of disability adjusted life years (DALY) in Australia, the Philippines, and Singapore. Methods: The years of life lost (YLL) and years lost due to disability (YLD) were calculated using the formula developed by Murray and Lopez in 1996 as part of a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability for diseases, injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. The same formula is represented in the Global Burden of Disease template provided by the World Health Organization. Appropriate assumptions were made when data were unavailable and projections were performed using regression analysis to obtain data for 2015. Results: The total DALYs due to lung cancer in Australia, the Philippines, and Singapore were 91,695, 38,584, and 12,435, respectively, and the corresponding DALY rates per a population of 1,000 were 4.0, 0.4, and 2.2, respectively, with a discount rate of 3%. When researchers calculated DALYs without the discount rate, the burden of disease increased substantially; the DALYs were 117,438 in Australia, 50,977 in the Philippines, and 16,379 in Singapore. Overall, YLL or premature death accounted for more than 95% of DALYs in these countries. Conclusions: Strategies for prevention, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment must be devised for diseases where the major burden is due to mortality.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85017001441","10.1063/1.4975870","2017-03-06","Cyclotron Auto-Resonance Accelerator for environmental applications","A MW-level CW electron beam source for environmental remediation based on extensions of the scientifically-proven Cyclotron Auto-Resonance Accelerator, dubbed CARA, is described here. CARA is distinguished by its exceptionally high RF-to-beam efficiency, by its production of a self-scanning beam, and by its proportionately lower specific power loading on a beam output window. Its environmental applications include sterilization, flue gas and waste water treatment.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84978472994","10.1080/10667857.2016.1201635","2017-03-21","Effective adsorption and photodegradation of methyl orange by TiO2-chitosan supported glass plate photocatalysis","In this study, Chitosan (Cs) biopolymer was incorporated into TiO2 nanoparticles as a support and adsorption site, forming an effective photocatalyst system. The stability and separation ability of the Cs–TiO2 photocatalyst system improved as it is further immobilised onto the surface of the glass plate. The surface interactions and the band gap of Cs–TiO2(DP25)/glass photocatalyst have been determined using techniques including FESEM + EDS, FTIR and UV-DR analysis. The photocatalytic activity has been demonstrated on the simulated methyl orange (MO) solution (10 ppm) irradiated under ultraviolet light (6 W, λ = 312 and 365 nm) with different photodegradation parameters such as number of layers, concentration and pH of MO solution. It indicated that Cs–TiO2(DP25)/glass photocatalyst exhibited excellent formation of coordinate covalent bonding between Ti-O to Si-O, Ti-O-to-NH2 or Ti-O-to-OH groups. The optimum photodegradation recorded for the Cs–TiO2(DP25)/glass photocatalyst has reached to 78%, with 10 ppm of MO concentration, at a normal pH and 1 h retention time. Meanwhile, optimum adsorption process has been recorded to be more than 70%. It was concluded that the combination of the adsorption and photodegradation process from Cs–TiO2(DP25)/glass photocatalyst has great potential for treating wastewater for other types of organic/inorganic pollutants.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85009725328","10.1007/s00508-016-1165-8","2017-04-01","Results of a population-based-assessment: we need better communication and more profound patient involvement","Background: In Austria several regulations were published in order to support initiatives to increase patient safety. Since then, many patient safety projects were implemented in Austrian hospitals; therefore, it was the aim of the current survey to examine the perceptions of Austrian citizens with respect to topics relevant to patient safety. Methods: Between 8 and 22 October 2015 a qualitative cross-sectional telephone interview study was performed. A sample of citizens above 14 years of age was randomly drawn. The survey contained 6 questions. In each of the nine states of Austria, a representative number of citizens were interviewed. Results: In total 1021(female: 52.3%) telephone interviews were performed and 249 (24.7%) citizens stated that trust/confidence in patient safety is very high, 571 (55.9%) assessed the reputation of a hospital as very important and 739 (72.4%) stated that a detailed explanation of the treatment as well as information on associated risk factors and possibilities of further treatments is very important. Of the respondents 722 (70.7%) stated that patient safety measures in a given hospital are very important, 807 (79.0%) stated that it is important to be informed about patient safety measures and 547 (53.6%) stated that if something did not satisfactorily function they would complain to the hospital. Significant differences occurred for states with and without university hospitals. Conclusion: The results of the survey give cause for concern as the majority of interviewed citizens have medium or low trust/confidence in patient safety. Furthermore, more than two-thirds of Austrian citizens revealed that detailed explanation of treatment, information on associated risk factors, information about patient safety measures to predict medical errors and information about patient safety measures which are in place in a hospital are very important. The study showed that patient safety is an important topic for Austrian citizens and they want to be informed and involved. The study also indicated the need to promote patient safety aspects and to decrease the number of people who are not confident concerning patient safety in Austrian hospitals.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85006791353","10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.10.050","2017-04-01","Removal of Cr(VI) using a cyanobacterial consortium and assessment of biofuel production","The use of cyanobacteria for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater is gaining interest due to its lower cost of operation and being environmentally benign. As chromium (Cr(VI)) is potentially toxic and carcinogenic for humans, its removal from water and wastewater is obligatory in order to avoid water pollution. In the present study, the capacity of a living cyanobacterial consortium consisting of Limnococcus limneticus and Leptolyngbya subtilis, collected from East Kolkata Wetland, a wetland of international importance, for removal of Cr(VI) is investigated at different operating conditions. Input variables such as initial concentration of Cr(VI), pH and inoculum size are varied using one factor at a time (OFAT) analysis in the range of 5–30 mg/L, 7–11 and 2–10%, respectively. An optimum removal of 50% is achieved after 12 days of inoculation with initial concentration of 15 mg/L Cr(VI) at pH 9 and with inoculum size 10%. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) studies have ascertained the uptake of Cr(VI) by the living consortium. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) study has revealed that the amine, phosphate and carbonyl groups are involved for binding vis-à-vis biosorption of Cr(VI). The increase in inoculum size improves the percentage removal of Cr(VI). To assess the possibility of biofuel production, the cells are harvested for their dry biomass and lipid content. An increase in both dry biomass and lipid content is observed when living consortium is grown in Cr(VI) contaminated simulated wastewater instead of BG-11 medium. A regression model is developed to predict the interactive effect of four input variables namely initial concentration of Cr(VI), initial solution pH, inoculum size and time with three output variables namely dry biomass, lipid content and percentage removal of Cr(VI). Finally, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is employed to optimize the process conditions for removal of Cr(VI). The optimum condition obtained from RSM study is initial Cr(VI) concentration:10 mg/L, pH: 9, inoculum size: 4%, time: 9 days and the predicted percentage removal (51%) matches quite well with experimental one (52.7%).",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84971385365","10.1111/disa.12203","2017-04-01","Culture, local capacity, and outside aid: a community perspective on disaster response after the 2009 tsunami in American Sāmoa"," Disasters  The study discusses the implications for the role of outside aid in diverse cultural contexts, and makes suggestions for improving the ecological fit of post-disaster interventions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85017639262","10.3390/rs9040334","2017-04-01","Biomass estimation of xerophytic forests using visible aerial imagery: Contrasting single-tree and area-based approaches","A large part of arid areas in tropical and sub-tropical regions are dominated by sparse xerophytic vegetation, which are essential for providing products and services for local populations. While a large number of researches already exist for the derivation of wall-to-wall estimations of above ground biomass (AGB) with remotely sensed data, only a few of them are based on the direct use of non-photogrammetric aerial photography. In this contribution we present an experiment carried out in a study area located in the Santiago Island in the Cape Verde archipelago where a National Forest Inventory (NFI) was recently carried out together with a new acquisition of a visible high-resolution aerial orthophotography. We contrasted two approaches: single-tree, based on the automatic delineation of tree canopies; and area-based, on the basis of an automatic image classification. Using 184 field plots collected for the NFI we created parametric models to predict AGB on the basis of the crown projection area (CPA) estimated from the two approaches. Both the methods produced similar root mean square errors (RMSE) at pixel level 45% for the single-tree and 42% for the area-based. However, the latest was able to better predict the AGB along all the variable range, limiting the saturation problem which is evident when the CPA tends to reach the full coverage of the field plots. These findings demonstrate that in regions dominated by sparse vegetation, a simple aerial orthophoto can be used to successfully create AGB wall-to-wall predictions. The level of these estimations' uncertainty permits the derivation of small area estimations useful for supporting a more correct implementation of sustainable management practices of wood resources.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85033349076","10.1007/978-3-319-50654-8_9","2017-04-05","Bioindication-based approaches for sustainable management of urban ecosystems","Urbanized areas are covering less than 3% of the land, but the majority of Earth's population and industry is concentrated at these territories. There is an urgent need for development of a comprehensive approach to the assessment of environmental quality in these areas. Bioindication allows estimating the entire complex of negative factors simultaneously. However, there are still large gaps in our knowledge of the urban ecosystem functioning. This chapter aimed to review the existing approaches to the bioindication of urban areas, i.e., microbial and plant bioindicators, as well as complexity of urban ecosystem, soil and its types, anthropogenic impacts, pollutants, effect on microbial community, other existing problems in this field and suggest the possible ways to solve them. The development of reliable bioindicators used on the basis of systematic approach would contribute greatly to rational land use and sustainable functioning of the urban environment.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85009168084","10.1080/15568318.2016.1252450","2017-04-21","How to promote sustainable public bike system from a psychological perspective?","The public bike system (PBS) has been actively promoted worldwide for the last decade. This study tried to find out policy strategies for sustainable PBS implementation targeting on the city that is under consideration of introducing bike sharing scheme. For this, the authors considered some psychological factors that may make impacts on PBS user's attitudes and hypothesized especially that individual environmental concern refers to an attitude toward environmental issues, influence an increase of their perceived value of PBS. The Norm Activation Model (NAM) is used to measure the public's environmental concern incorporating norm activation. In addition, willingness to pay (WTP) method is adopted to investigate the value of PBS individuals. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that environmental concern influenced people's perception of the value of PBS. Furthermore, the positive correlation between environmental concern and awareness of consequences on cycling is observed. The study verifies how people perceive the value of a bike sharing system and how often people using a bicycle are dependent on their environmental concern. In conclusion, authors discuss how PBS could be promoted sustainably by suggesting policy strategies to enhance the perceived value of PBS and to increase bicycle use.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,
"2-s2.0-85019081510","10.1007/s11051-017-3850-6","2017-05-01","Safety assessment of nanomaterials using an advanced decision-making framework, the DF4nanoGrouping","As presented at the 2016 TechConnect World Innovation Conference on 22–25 May 2016 in Washington DC, USA, the European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals (ECETOC) ‘Nano Task Force’ proposes a Decision-making framework for the grouping and testing of nanomaterials (DF4nanoGrouping) consisting of three tiers to assign nanomaterials to four main groups with possible further subgrouping to refine specific information needs. The DF4nanoGrouping covers all relevant aspects of a nanomaterial’s life cycle and biological pathways: intrinsic material properties and system-dependent properties (that depend upon the nanomaterial’s respective surroundings), biopersistence, uptake and biodistribution, and cellular and apical toxic effects. Use, release, and exposure route may be applied as ‘qualifiers’ to determine if, e.g., nanomaterials cannot be released from products, which may justify waiving of testing. The four main groups encompass (1) soluble, (2) biopersistent high aspect ratio, (3) passive, and (4) active nanomaterials. The DF4nanoGrouping foresees a stepwise evaluation of nanomaterial properties and effects with increasing biological complexity. In case studies covering carbonaceous nanomaterials, metal oxide, and metal sulfate nanomaterials, amorphous silica and organic pigments (all nanomaterials having primary particle sizes below 100 nm), the usefulness of the DF4nanoGrouping for nanomaterial hazard assessment was confirmed. The DF4nanoGrouping facilitates grouping and targeted testing of nanomaterials. It ensures that sufficient data for the risk assessment of a nanomaterial are available, and it fosters the use of non-animal methods. No studies are performed that do not provide crucial data. Thereby, the DF4nanoGrouping serves to save both animals and resources.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84994135571","10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.07.003","2017-05-01","Biological activity of Xanthium strumarium seed extracts on different cancer cell lines and Aedes caspius, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)","63 μg/ml against Cx. Pipiens, respectively. From the investigations, it was concluded that the crude extract of X. strumarium showed a weak potential for controlling the larval instars of Ae. caspius and Cx. pipiens. However, on further purification the extract lost the larvicidal activity. The ethyl acetate fraction showed higher toxicity to all cell lines tested when compared to the methanol extract. The ethyl acetate fraction investigated in this study appears to have a weak larvicidal activity but a promising cytotoxic activity. Future studies will include purification and investigation in further detail of the action of X. strumarium on Cancer Cell Lines and mosquitoes.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85019028523","10.1177/0096144214566971","2017-05-01","Examining an Alternative Take on Urban Development: The Alignment of Public Art and Conservation to Build Seattle's Olympic Sculpture Park","Civic boosters advocate physical arts development as a path for urban revitalization. Current research examines these specialized bricks and mortar efforts through snapshot outcome evaluations, broad policy analyses, and critiques of predatory activity. Project development is overlooked as is whether such efforts mirror general urban development patterns and behavior. This case study explores a successful dual-nonprofit partnership between the Seattle Art Museum and the Trust for Public Land to build the Olympic Sculpture Park. This recent history explains institutional motivations and political strategies and identifies organizational assets employed to overcome intense market pressures and past failures. It adds richness to conventional development wisdom and its intense focus on public-private partnerships as the prevalent model for urban development. This alignment between a local arts institution and a national conservation organization may unveil an alternative model or shed light on a less visible structure for developing urban civic amenities. This study further reinforces the connection between contemporary urban improvement and early beautification agendas via municipal art, open space, and civic leadership.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,
"2-s2.0-85012863573","10.1080/02331888.2017.1289532","2017-05-04","Discretizing a compound distribution with application to categorical modelling","Many probability distributions can be represented as compound distributions. Consider some parameter vector as random. The compound distribution is the expected distribution of the variable of interest given the random parameters. Our idea is to define a partition of the domain of definition of the random parameters, so that we can represent the expected density of the variable of interest as a finite mixture of conditional densities. We then model the mixture probabilities of the conditional densities using information on population categories, thus modifying the original overall model. We thus obtain specific models for sub-populations that stem from the overall model. The distribution of a sub-population of interest is thus completely specified in terms of mixing probabilities. All characteristics of interest can be derived from this distribution and the comparison between sub-populations easily proceeds from the comparison of the mixing probabilities. A real example based on EU-SILC data is given. Then the methodology is investigated through simulation.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85014450363","10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.02.012","2017-05-15","Karst collapse susceptibility assessment: A case study on the Amalfi Coast (Southern Italy)","This paper presents a study to evaluate the collapse susceptibility of a karst cave located along a slope on the Amalfi coast (southern Italy) and the presumable geomorphological evolution of the whole slope as a result of cave roof collapse. In the study area, several natural karst caves with volumes varying between 1000 and > 10,000 m3 were inventoried and the most likely genetic processes were identified. Some of them proved to be remnants of already collapsed caves, while others were in precarious stability conditions. The caves are usually located upslope or very close to the main populated resorts. A detailed geological, geomorphological and geostructural study was performed on a very wide, deep cave (called the “Saraceno” cave), on which the resort town of Conca de' Marini has been built. The study was carried out through a multidisciplinary approach, which included classical field geological observations, sometimes requiring the support of rock-climbing geologists, experts in photogrammetric surveys and terrestrial laser scanning techniques (TLS). TLS surveys allowed the reconstruction of an accurate geometric and geostructural model of the cave and its relationship with the upslope Conca de' Marini resort. Furthermore, it allowed the thickness of the cave overburden to be determined in detail; ground surfaces most susceptible to collapse were also identified. In the event of possible widespread collapse, several buildings and transportation infrastructures could be involved. As the cave is located on a very steep slope, a debris avalanche could be triggered in the event of a catastrophic failure, and the landslide debris, characterized by a presumably high magnitude and velocity, could involve a wide slope area down to the coast. The failure evolution could be very similar to that which took place in Amalfi in the late 19th century.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85019987232","10.5194/acp-17-6353-2017","2017-05-29","A new mechanism for atmospheric mercury redox chemistry: Implications for the global mercury budget","Mercury (Hg) is emitted to the atmosphere mainly as volatile elemental Hg0. Oxidation to water-soluble HgII plays a major role in Hg deposition to ecosystems. Here, we implement a new mechanism for atmospheric Hg0 = HgII redox chemistry in the GEOS-Chem global model and examine the implications for the global atmospheric Hg budget and deposition patterns. Our simulation includes a new coupling of GEOS-Chem to an ocean general circulation model (MITgcm), enabling a global 3-D representation of atmosphere- ocean Hg0 = HgII cycling. We find that atomic bromine (Br) of marine organobromine origin is the main atmospheric Hg0 oxidant and that second-stage HgBr oxidation is mainly by the NO2 and HO2 radicals. The resulting chemical lifetime of tropospheric Hg0 against oxidation is 2.7 months, shorter than in previous models. Fast HgII atmospheric reduction must occur in order to match the ∼6-month lifetime of Hg against deposition implied by the observed atmospheric variability of total gaseous mercury (TGM=Hg0 CHgII(g)). We implement this reduction in GEOS-Chem as photolysis of aqueous-phase HgII-organic complexes in aerosols and clouds, resulting in a TGM lifetime of 5.2 months against deposition and matching both mean observed TGM and its variability. Model sensitivity analysis shows that the interhemispheric gradient of TGM, previously used to infer a longer Hg lifetime against deposition, is misleading because Southern Hemisphere Hg mainly originates from oceanic emissions rather than transport from the Northern Hemisphere. The model reproduces the observed seasonal TGM variation at northern midlatitudes (maximum in February, minimum in September) driven by chemistry and oceanic evasion, but it does not reproduce the lack of seasonality observed at southern hemispheric marine sites. Aircraft observations in the lowermost stratosphere show a strong TGM-ozone relationship indicative of fast Hg0 oxidation, but we show that this relationship provides only a weak test of Hg chemistry because it is also influenced by mixing. The model reproduces observed Hg wet deposition fluxes over North America, Europe, and China with little bias (0-30 %). It reproduces qualitatively the observed maximum in US deposition around the Gulf of Mexico, reflecting a combination of deep convection and availability of NO2 and HO2 radicals for second-stage HgBr oxidation. However, the magnitude of this maximum is underestimated. The relatively low observed Hg wet deposition over rural China is attributed to fast HgII reduction in the presence of high organic aerosol concentrations. We find that 80% of HgII deposition is to the global oceans, reflecting the marine origin of Br and low concentrations of organic aerosols for HgII reduction. Most of that deposition takes place to the tropical oceans due to the availability of HO2 and NO2 for second-stage HgBr oxidation.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85007415515","10.1007/s10903-016-0542-8","2017-06-01","Offending Behavior, Drug Use, and Mental Health Among Foreign-Born versus U.S. Born Latino Criminal Justice Clients","Little is known about the offending behavior and recidivism factors of Latinos by nativity (U.S. born, foreign-born). The present study focused on Latinos in community corrections (n = 201) in Miami, Florida, and examined differences in criminal activity, drug use, and mental health by nativity. Data were collected utilizing convenience sampling between June 2014 and December 2015. The research question was: what are the offending, drug use, and mental health histories of Latinos involved in community corrections? Participants were mostly male (n = 120; 59.7%), White (n = 105; 52.2%), and Cuban (n = 97; 48.3%). U.S. born community corrections clients (n = 141) were more likely to report more lifetime and recent criminal activity; and more likely to report lifetime and recent drug use behavior than foreign-born Latinos (n = 60). No differences were found in recent mental health. Correctional healthcare should tailor services such as substance abuse treatment differently toward U.S. born and foreign-born Latinos.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85014389262","10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.097","2017-06-01","Lignocellulose: A sustainable material to produce value-added products with a zero waste approach—A review","A novel facility from the green technologies to integrate biomass-based carbohydrates, lignin, oils and other materials extraction and transformation into a wider spectrum of marketable and value-added products with a zero waste approach is reviewed. With ever-increasing scientific knowledge, worldwide economic and environmental consciousness, demands of legislative authorities and the manufacture, use, and removal of petrochemical-based by-products, from the last decade, there has been increasing research interests in the value or revalue of lignocellulose-based materials. The potential characteristics like natural abundance, renewability, recyclability, and ease of accessibility all around the year, around the globe, all makes residual biomass as an eco-attractive and petro-alternative candidate. In this context, many significant research efforts have been taken into account to change/replace petroleum-based economy into a bio-based economy, with an aim to develop a comprehensively sustainable, socially acceptable, and eco-friendly society. The present review work mainly focuses on various aspects of bio-refinery as a sustainable technology to process lignocellulose ‘materials’ into value-added products. Innovations in the bio-refinery world are providing, a portfolio of sustainable and eco-efficient products to compete in the market presently dominated by the petroleum-based products, and therefore, it is currently a subject of intensive research.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020413724","10.1111/1467-8268.12258","2017-06-01","Complementarity Effect of Financial Development and FDI on Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Panel Data Analysis"," African Development Review  While developing the financial sector, it is equally essential that policymakers give enough attention to key macroeconomic stability.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85021071395","10.17105/SPR-2017-0013.V46-2","2017-06-01","Predicting intervention effectiveness from reading accuracy & rate measures through the instructional hierarchy: Evidence for a skill-by-Treatment interaction","The current study used the learning hierarchy/instructional hierarchy phases of acquisition and fluency to predict intervention effectiveness based on preintervention reading skills. Preintervention reading accuracy (percentage of words read correctly) and rate (number of words read correctly per minute) were assessed for 49 second-And third-grade students who then participated in a brief experimental analysis to determine whether they responded best to an acquisition (modeling) or a fluency (repeated reading) intervention package. Analyses indicated significant preintervention differences between students who responded to each intervention package. Preintervention accuracy and rate predicted the intervention to which students would better respond. Finally, a potential criterion (i.e., reading 85% of the words correctly with 32 words read correctly per minute) differentiated whether the students would benefit more from an acquisition or a proficiency intervention, supporting a skill-by-Treatment interaction framework for reading.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020627280","10.3390/w9060407","2017-06-07","Evaluation of double perforated baffles installed in rectangular secondary clarifiers","Double perforated baffles in rectangular secondary clarifiers were studied to determine whether they contribute to producing high-quality effluents. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations indicated that bio-flocculation occurred at the front of the baffle and the longitudinal movement of the settled sludge was hampered whenever the clarifier had high inflow. Simulation results showed that the rectangular clarifier with the double perforated baffle produced an effluent with lower suspended solid (SS) concentrations than the effluent from the clarifier without the baffle. To verify the simulation results, a double perforated baffle was installed in two of the 48 rectangular clarifiers in a 300,000 m3/d-capacity wastewater treatment plant. To study the effect of the baffle on solid removal, the effluent turbidity of the clarifier with and without the double perforated baffle was measured simultaneously. Experimental data showed that the double perforated baffle played a significant role in reducing effluent turbidity. The effluent turbidity reduction ratio with the baffle decreased when the Sludge Volume Index (SVI) of the Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) was below 100 mL/g. The overall average reduction ratio was 24.3% for SVI < 100 mL/g and 45.1% for SVI > 100 mL/g. The results of this study suggest that double perforated baffles must be installed in secondary rectangular clarifiers to produce high-quality effluent regardless of the operational conditions.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85030546604",,"2017-06-24","Design of a portable demonstration unit of solar power systems for analog electronics courses","This paper presents a practical approach to improving the knowledge and awareness of solar power systems by using a demonstration unit in an analog electronics course. The unit AIDS instructors in teaching an introductory-level laboratory experiment focused on solar power harvesting and storage and enables instructors to bring in a functional system into labs or classrooms for upper-class undergraduate electrical and computer engineering students. The unit can be used to demonstrate many of the aspects of solar power systems, helping instructors address sustainability and renewable energy issues. Solar power systems based on photovoltaic (PV) cells have been successfully deployed as renewable energy sources. They have become one of the promising technologies, providing a sustainable energy source as many natural resources are depleting. Due to the importance and wide acceptance of this technology, a demonstration unit has been developed to introduce solar power systems to students at various stages in their education. The approach to improving the students' knowledge of solar power systems is to integrate students' knowledge and experiences with basic electric circuits acquired from their first electronics course and to enhance their learning about new technologies through hands-on experiments in labs or classroom demonstrations. The unit would help students better understand renewable energy by teaching them how to obtain environment-friendly energy from sunlight. It will provide students with an opportunity to apply their knowledge in science and technology to solve a real-world problem. The unit includes a custom-designed light fixture consisting of thirty (30) high-power LEDs as an optical energy source, two 1-watt solar panels as the energy harvesting devices, a fixture for adjusting the solar panel angle, a battery charge controller, voltage and current meters for measuring power, a variable resistor and switches for measuring the I-V characteristics of the panel, and a sealed lead-acid battery as energy storage. The overall size of the unit is 21 x 17 inches (533.4 x 431.8 mm) and it would be setup at students' lab stations or on a cart for the instructor in a class. It would enable any instructor to easily adopt the solar power demonstration unit as a lab and classroom instrument in their analog circuit courses. This paper includes a complete wiring diagram, part numbers and vendor lists, procedures for experiments and demonstration, and measurement data. After all lab experiments have been completed, the students submit a lab report, which includes objectives, results/discussion, and conclusions. All twenty-one junior students have successfully completed the lab. The survey results have shown that they found the lab and demonstration unit beneficial in their understanding of solar power systems.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85021816708","10.1002/imhj.21653","2017-07-01","ASSESSING ANGELS IN THE NURSERY: A PILOT STUDY OF CHILDHOOD MEMORIES OF BENEVOLENT CAREGIVING AS PROTECTIVE INFLUENCES","91; 59.2% African American, 13.0% Caucasian, 5.6% Latina, 22.2% biracial/multiracial) who completed standardized assessments of childhood maltreatment and adulthood PTSD symptoms, and a novel instrument, the Angels in the Nursery Interview (“Angels Interview,” Van Horn, Lieberman, & Harris, 2008). Results showed that angel memories significantly moderated childhood maltreatment and adulthood PTSD symptoms, consistent with a protective effect. Higher levels of ghost memories during the Angels Interview were significantly associated with more extensive childhood maltreatment, but did not mediate maltreatment and PTSD symptoms. Findings indicate that the Angels Interview can identify pathogenic intrusions rooted in childhood maltreatment and protective factors to promote maternal mental health and buffer the intergenerational transmission of trauma.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85015422761","10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.03.002","2017-07-01","The culture or co-culture of Candida rugosa and Yarrowia lipolytica strain rM-4A, or incubation with their crude extracellular lipase and laccase preparations, for the biodegradation of palm oil mill wastewater","Wastewater generated by the palm oil industry contains a high concentration of oil, grease and phenolic compounds, which makes it difficult to treat. The aim of this research was to evaluate the ability of free Candida rugosa and Yarrowia lipolytica rM-4A yeast cell cultures, as a single yeast strain and as a co-culture, as well as their crude extracellular enzyme preparations, to reduce the total phenolic compounds, triglycerides and chemical oxygen demand (COD) level in palm oil mill effluent (POME) that contains high amounts total phenolic compounds (9783 mg L−1) and oil and grease (7762 mg L−1). Culture with Y. lipolytica rM-4A effectively reduced the total phenolic content in undiluted POME, resulting in removal of 36% of the total phenolic content after 96 h. The highest removal of triglyceride (98.5%) and COD (60.3%) were observed in undiluted POME treated by the co-culture of C. rugosa and Y. lipolytica for 120 h. Triglyceride was removed rapidly by the extracellular lipase produced by C. rugosa, reaching 93% degradation after 48 h. This research revealed the excellent potential of both crude extracellular enzyme preparations and the co-culture of the two yeasts in the pretreatment of high fat and oil containing POME.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85050658610","10.1109/ICAwST.2017.8256504","2017-07-01","Mobile cloud computing usage for onboard vehicle servers in collecting disaster data information","During large-scale disasters, such as the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 or Kumamoto huge Earthquake in 2016, many regions were isolated from critical information exchanges due to problems with communication infrastructures. In those serious disasters, quick and flexible disaster recovery network is required to deliver the disaster related information after disaster. In this paper, mobile cloud computing for vehicle server for information exchange among isolated shelters in such cases is introduced. The vehicle with mobile cloud server traverses the isolated shelters and exchanges information and returns to the disaster headquarter which is connected to Internet. DTN function is introduced to store, carry and exchange message as a message ferry among the shelters even in the challenged network environment where wired and wireless communication means are completely damaged. The prototype system is constructed using Wi-Fi network as mobility network and a note PC mobile cloud server and IBR-DTN and DTN2 software as the DTN function.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85032386003","10.1590/1806-93042017000300010","2017-07-01","Association between maternal depressive symptoms with child malnutrition or child excess weight Associação entre sintomas depressivos maternos com desnutrição ou excesso de peso infantis","Objectives: to verify associations between maternal depressive symptoms with child malnutrition or child excess weight. Methods: prospective study with data from the BRISA prenatal cohort in São Luís, Brazil, obtained from the 22nd to the 25th week of gestation (in 2009 and 2010) and, later, when children were aged 12 to 32 months (in 2010 and 2012). Maternal depressive symptoms were identified using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). For the excess weight evaluation, BMI zscore for age > +2 was used. For measuring child malnutrition, height z-score for age < -2 was used. The confounding factors were identified using a directed acyclic graph in DAGitty software. Results: we did not find associations between maternal depressive symptoms with child malnutrition or child excess weight. The prevalence of maternal depressive symptoms was 27.6% during gestation and 19.8% in the second or third year of the child’s life. The malnutrition rate was 6% and the excess weight rate was 10.9%. Conclusions: no associations between maternal depressive symptoms in prenatal or in the second or third year of the child’s life and child malnutrition or excess weight were detected.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85026350955","10.1080/15295192.2017.1333789","2017-07-03","Mothers’ Knowledge of What Reduces Distress in Their Adolescents: Impact on the Development of Adolescent Approach Coping","Copyright SYNOPSIS: Objective. This longitudinal study assessed the role of mothers’ knowledge of what is comforting to their adolescents when they are distressed. The authors proposed that the adolescents of mothers who were knowledgeable but dissatisfied with their adolescent would have adolescents who coped better than those whose mothers were less dissatisfied; dissatisfied mothers would be more likely to draw on their knowledge to engage in “not-too-nice” parenting, thereby allowing their adolescents to find their own means of self-comfort. Design. Participants were 111 early adolescents and their mothers. At the first time-point adolescents were assessed for approach coping and asked to rate what they would find comforting when they were upset; mothers were asked to predict those ratings and assessed for the extent of their dissatisfaction with their adolescent’s behavior. Adolescents were assessed again for approach coping 2 years later. Results. Mothers’ knowledge positively predicted adolescent approach coping, but only when mothers were high in dissatisfaction. Conclusions. The findings underscore the importance of parents’ knowledge of their adolescents in promoting coping, as well as the role that maternal dissatisfaction plays in adolescents’ ability to cope on their own.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028987754","10.19333/j.mfkj.2016080020704","2017-07-10","Innovation and practical application of traditional indigo print in modern knitting sweater design","As a non-material cultural heritage protection in China,the indigo print was the traditional folk dyeing and printing in Zhejiang South. It was an organic combination of material culture and spiritual culture,and it could be reflect national temperament. This paper discussed that the indigo print how to apply in modem knitted sweater design form raw materials,print design ,creative design and technology, ect ,and combined with the characteristics of the knitting sweater dress for reference by the innovative. This paper refined the traditional national elements in traditional knitting design, personality in common design,made the knitting sweater brand design more market competitiveness.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85018374430","10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.04.017","2017-07-24","An integrated ecohydrological modeling approach to exploring the dynamic interaction between groundwater and phreatophytes","Phreatophytes play an important role in maintaining the ecological services in arid and semi-arid areas. Characterizing the interaction between groundwater and phreatophytes is critical for the land and water management in such areas but has rarely been attempted via integrated ecohydrological modeling. In this study, a plant growth model was developed and coupled with a soil water dynamics model (Hydrus-1D) to explore the groundwater dependence of Populus euphratica, a rare, ancient and endangered phreatophytic species. The integrated ecohydroloigcal model was validated with observational data collected from the Heihe River Basin (northwest China). The groundwater dependence was also investigated at larger scales using remote sensing data and regional hydrological modeling. The major study findings include the following: (1) the ecohydrological behaviors and groundwater dependence of P. euphratica can be well explained by the existing theories; (2) groundwater is the dominant water source for P. euphratica during its growing season, and groundwater subsidy can be an intuitive measure of the water-shortage risk for P. euphratica, which is conditioned on root depth, the water-holding capacity of the soil, and groundwater depth; and (3) at large spatial and temporal scales, the impact of groundwater depth on P. euphratica growth is also discernable. A groundwater depth of 1–3.5 m appears to be the optimal depth range for P. euphratica growth in the study area. Overall, this study demonstrates how multi-source and multi-scale data can be effectively fused through an integrated modeling approach to generate a coherent understanding of the ecohydrological processes of phreatophytes.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85025585543","10.1007/s10661-017-6097-x","2017-08-01","Contaminants of emerging concern: a review of new approach in AOP technologies","The presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), flame retardants (FRs), pesticides, and artificial sweeteners (ASWs) in the aquatic environments remains a major challenge to the environment and human health. In this review, the classification and occurrence of emerging contaminants in aquatic environments were discussed in detail. It is well documented that CECs are susceptible to poor removal during the conventional wastewater treatment plants, which introduce them back to the environment ranging from nanogram per liter (e.g., carbamazepine) up to milligram per liter (e.g., acesulfame) concentration level. Meanwhile, a deep insight into the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) on mitigation of the CECs from aquatic environment was presented. In this regard, the utilization of various treatment technologies based on AOPs including ozonation, Fenton processes, sonochemical, and TiO2 heterogeneous photocatalysis was reviewed. Additionally, some innovations (e.g., visible light heterogeneous photocatalysis, electro-Fenton) concerning the AOPs and the combined utilization of AOPs (e.g., sono-Fenton) were documented.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020921288","10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.06.013","2017-08-01","Evaluation method for regional water cycle health based on nature-society water cycle theory","04. The healthy grade accounted for 60% of the total score, and the water cycle system was generally in a healthy state. Beijing's water cycle health level is expected to further improve with increasing water diversion from the SNWDP and industrial restructuring.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85030694207","10.1161/JAHA.117.006028","2017-08-01","Ectopy on a Single 12-Lead ECG, Incident Cardiac Myopathy, and Death in the Community","044). Similarly statistically significant results for each analysis were also observed in ARIC. Conclusions--Based on a single standard ECG, a premature atrial contraction predicted incident atrial fibrillation and death and a premature ventricular contraction predicted incident heart failure and death, suggesting that this commonly used test may predict future disease.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85016041963","10.1080/13549839.2017.1303666","2017-08-03","How multi-lane, one-way street design shapes neighbourhood life: collisions, crime and community","Global recognition of the need for more liveable and “complete” streets has allowed for increased funding to bicycle and pedestrian projects. That said, many streets in urban neighbourhoods remain unsafe. This study hypothesises that some of these issues related to safety issues are tied to multi-lane, one-way streets, which exist primarily in urban business districts and historic neighbourhoods, often occupied by poor and minority residents. There has been little research in this area to test how one-way street configurations relate to collisions, crime and community. To examine this, we use three principal strategies: (1) a cross-sectional citywide evaluation using descriptive and inferential statistics on all collisions occurring within a five-year period in a mid-sized city; (2) a focused assessment of traffic collision data, crime data, counts of trees, housing valuation data, foreclosure and vacant and abandoned structures on a 13-block street segment with both one- and two-way streets and (3) a qualitative broken windows assessment, using photography to evaluate signs of visual distress on one-way versus two-way segments. Our results show a higher incidence of collisions and injuries on multi-lane streets than on their two-way counterparts–for motorists, bikes and pedestrians. Our photographic assessment suggests that these street typologies contribute to degradation and erosion of community. Our results show that neighbourhoods with one-way multi-lane streets experience greater abandonment, lower housing values and slower increases in property values. This research supports expanded thinking about one- to two-way street conversion as a method to improve safety, connectivity, community and sustainability.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85027585533","10.1021/acssynbio.7b00076","2017-08-18","Autonomous Cell Migration to CSF1 Sources via a Synthetic Protein-Based System","Inflammatory lesions, often seen in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis and cancer, feature an acidic (i.e., low pH) microenvironment rampant with cytokines, such as CSF1. For potential therapeutic intervention targeted at these CSF1 sources, we have assembled a system of four proteins inside a cell (i.e., HEK293) that initially had no natural CSF1-seeking ability. This system included a newly engineered CSF1 chimera receptor (named CSF1Rchi), the previously engineered Ca2+ activated RhoA (i.e., CaRQ), vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G (VSVG) and thymidine kinase (TK). The binding of CSF1 to the CSF1Rchi generated a Ca2+ signal that activated CaRQ-mediated cellular blebbing, allowing autonomous cell migration toward the CSF1 source. Next, the VSVG protein allowed these engineered cells to fuse with the CSF1 source cells, upon low pH induction. Finally, these cells underwent death postganciclovir treatment, via the TK suicide mechanism. Hence, this protein system could potentially serve as the basis of engineering a cell to target inflammatory lesions in diseases featuring a microenvironment with high levels of CSF1 and low pH.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85021811260","10.1002/dmrr.2910","2017-09-01","Passive smoking as an independent risk factor for gestational diabetes that synergizes with prepregnancy obesity in urban Chinese women","Copyright There are high-priority public health and legislative efforts around the world to reduce smoking and to reduce the spaces where smoking is allowable. These efforts are aimed at minimizing not only the adverse health effects of active smoking but also the adverse health effects of passive cigarette smoke exposure. While many cultures and societies make protection of a pregnant woman and her about-to-be-born-newborn a priority, the importance of protecting them from passive smoking that is prevalent in many modern societies has not been reported. The article by Leng et al, “Passive smoking increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus independently and synergistically with prepregnancy obesity in Tianjin, China,” newly published in Diabetes Metabolism Research and Reviews, provides evidence that passive smoke inhalation during pregnancy makes gestational diabetes more likely, bringing with it negative health consequences for the mother and her baby. This study will hopefully add support to public health officials' efforts to curb cigarette use, especially in public domains.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85046381914","10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61572-1","2017-09-01","Effect of continuous negative pressure water supply on the growth, development and physiological mechanism of Capsicum annuum L.","19%, respectively, from immature stage to full ripe stage. Adopting the continuous negative pressure water supply for C. annuum L. has a significant water-saving effect, and the water supply pressure being stable at –5 kPa contributes to its growth and development, improves yield, enhances root activity, promotes nutrient uptake, and improves its quality, thus achieving the effects of water conservation, high yield, high quality and high efficiency.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85026375172","10.1016/j.resourpol.2017.07.003","2017-09-01","Enhancing the assessment of critical resource use at the country level with the SCARCE method – Case study of Germany","The demand for many resources has increased significantly over the last decades due to their growing importance for industrial and technological development. Thus, various methods were developed to assess availability constraints of resources in relation to their vulnerability within countries and/or sectors (criticality). However, these methods display several short-comings. Thus, the aim of the introduced approach is, to enhance the assessment of critical resource use on country level with the SCARCE method, by considering the two dimensions criticality (with the sub dimensions availability and vulnerability) and societal acceptance (with the sub dimensions compliance with social standards and compliance with environmental standards). For five of the 12 introduced categories measuring availability constraints the country specific import mix is used to determine availability constraints of resources individually for the country under consideration. These results can further be compared with global constraints (which are calculated based on global production data) to determine if the country under consideration performs worse or better than the global average. To measure social aspects the categories small scale mining, geopolitical risk and human rights abuse are introduced. Environmental aspects are considered within the categories sensitivity of the local biodiversity, climate change and water scarcity. Additionally, next to metals also fossil fuels are included allowing a direct comparison of both abiotic resources. The SCARCE method is applied for the case study of Germany for which criticality results are presented and their plausibility is validated. It is shown that for Germany tungsten is the raw material showing high risks in all considered dimensions excluding the sub dimension vulnerability. Its high availability constraints are defined by the categories political stability, primary material use and price fluctuations. Further, due to the countries tungsten is imported from (e.g. Bolivia), its compliance with social and environmental standards is low. To enhance the applicability of the SCARCE method, indicator results are provided for 40 resources to assess their availability constraints as well as their compliance with social and environmental standards.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85029879539","10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016331","2017-09-01","Is increasing urbanicity associated with changes in breastfeeding duration in rural India? An analysis of cross-sectional household data from the Andhra Pradesh children and parents study","05) but not with early (<6 months) termination of exclusive breastfeeding. Increased maternal education was independently associated with both measures of suboptimal breastfeeding, and higher household socioeconomic position was associated with early termination of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion In this transitional Indian rural community, early stage urbanicity was associated with a shorter duration of breastfeeding. Closer surveillance of changes in breastfeeding practices alongside appropriate intervention strategies are recommended for emerging economies.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85038855076","10.30638/eemj.2017.217","2017-09-01","Overview of Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon towards human thermal comfort","Urban Heat Island (UHI) is expected to be a disastrous challenge to human in the following decade as a result of continuous urbanization without appropriate planning and design. The impacts of UHI are even getting worse due to large population density with improper building design especially in dense metropolitan cities. A lot of research has been earned out for UHI phenomenon both in tropical and seasonal climates. There are many factors contributing to the formation of UHI phenomenon that includes increasing rate of urbanization and population density, uncontrollable factors and controllable factors. In a fundamental study, a prolonged exposure to heat impact will significantly contribute to human discomfort and health problems resulting in heat-related illness. The cases of heat related deaths, such as heat strokes, are due to the result of climate changes and further the problem of heat waves will increase year by year. Since the consequences of UHI are considered to be more significant, the severity of the problem should be critically examined and carefully reported. Many research efforts have been implemented for making conceptual design and also a wide range of literature is available for continuing the mitigation strategies. Therefore, this study is emphasized on the critical investigation of the features, factors and impacts of UHI towards evaluating human safety and thermal comfort. Future research direction should also be encompassed on the design and planning parameters as well as assessment of climate change risks and vulnerability for reducing the effects of urban heat island onto human health and safety.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028744139","10.1007/978-3-319-58946-6_9","2017-09-07","Sugarcane as a potential biofuel crop","Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) belonging to family Poaceae is a tropical perennial grass used widely for sugar production. Research scientists have discov- ered sugarcane as an alternative biofuel source to conventional petroleum fuels that lead to global warming. The sugars extracted from sugarcane can be easily fer- mented to produce ethanol. In addition, the bagasse (biomass remaining after the juice is extracted from the stalks) can be further used by sugar mills to generate steam and electricity. The current total global production of renewable fuels is 50 billion liters a year, and sugarcane alone accounts for about 40%, thus becoming a major contributor for biofuel production. The tremendous success of sugarcane industry to produce ethanol as biofuel in Brazil has also enhanced the interest in other parts of the world. With conventional technologies, sugarcane can yield sev- eral products from fiber to chemicals. But with the help of genetic recombination, sugarcane would roll to produce the novel biofuels more efficiently. Research scien- tists have identified the key enzymes that can hasten the process of ethanol produc- tion more powerfully. There is tremendous potential of sugarcane as a biofactory which can uplift both socioeconomic status of a country and sustainability of natu- ral resources. Now, it's time to augment weightage to produce biofuels in developing countries like India which would initiate rural development, create more job opportunities, and also save foreign exchange to great extent.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85024131731","10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.026","2017-09-20","Climate-change and health effects of using rice husk for biochar-compost: Comparing three pyrolysis systems","This study presents a comparative analysis of the environmental impacts of different biochar-compost (COMBI) systems in North Vietnam relative to the conventional practice of open burning of rice husks. Three COMBI systems, using different pyrolysis technologies (pyrolytic cook-stove, brick kiln and the BigChar 2200 unit) for conversion of rice husk into biochar were modelled. Biochar was assumed to be composted with manure and straw, and the biochar-compost produced from each system was assumed to be applied to paddy rice fields. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) showed that the three COMBI systems significantly improved environmental and health impacts of rice husk management in spring and summer compared with open burning, in terms of climate change, particulate matter (PM) and human toxicity (HT) impacts. The differences between the three COMBI systems in the climate change and PM impacts were not significant, possibly due to the large uncertainties. In all systems, the suppression of soil CH4 emissions is the major contributor to the reduced climate effect for the COMBI systems, comprising 56% in spring and 40% in summer. The greatest reduction in the HT impact was offered by the BigChar 2200 system, where biochar is produced in a large-scale plant in which pyrolysis gases are used to generate heat rather than released into the atmosphere.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057637347",,"2017-10-01","Development of a teacher training curriculum in enhancing awareness on water resource management","This study aimed to explore the development of water resource management (WRM) awareness in teacher training curriculum. The WRM awareness was urgency to study in order to solve the current water pollution problems. There were 12 informants involved in providing data to create the teacher training curriculum. This is followed by 12 experts to validate the created teacher training curriculum. Finally, a total of 38 Grade 6 science primary school teachers in Namphong sub-basin, Thailand were randomly selected to test their understanding and satisfaction. The research procedure of the curriculum developmental process was comprised of four stages namely diagnosis of needs, design a curriculum, produce curriculum package for tryout, and testing for the curriculum effectiveness. Hence, pretest-posttest result indicated a significant difference on teachers’ understanding with a high level of satisfaction.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020169920","10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.02.086","2017-10-01","Regional Practice Patterns and Outcomes of Surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection","01). Importantly, the extent of aortic operation did not increase risk for morbidity or mortality. Conclusions Operative morbidity and mortality remain significant for type A aortic dissection, but lower than historical outcomes. The extent of aortic surgery has increased, resulting in adaptive cerebral protection changes in contemporary “real-world” practice.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85030653770","10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.06.005","2017-10-01","European national government approaches to older people's transport system needs","In the context of an ageing population in Europe, our aim in this paper is to establish the extent to which national governments accommodate mobility among older people by promoting specific, age-friendly qualities of transport systems. We identify 11 qualities that help to promote mobility, and hence independence and social/economic inclusion, for older people. We analyse national-level government documents across the EU, Norway and Switzerland to determine how far they address each quality and conclude that disproportionate emphasis is currently being placed on the tangible and easily understood aspects of safety, barrier freedom and affordability. For various reasons, mobility among older people might better be promoted with a more rounded approach.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85030688139","10.1177/0300060517707901","2017-10-01","Analysis of mortality in the emergency department at a university hospital in Pleven","3 h after arrival. The factors contributing to mortality included poverty, transporting the patient to hospital too late, and a lack of developed care centres for terminally ill patients. Conclusion: Most patients die within approximately 2 h after arrival at the ED. The main cause of death is acute myocardial infarction. Pulmonary embolism remains unrecognized in most patients (69%). Oncological pathology is among the main causes (7.4%) of mortality.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85017471111","10.1080/00305316.2017.1314230","2017-10-02","Butterfly diversity in a tropical urban habitat (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)","Butterflies are important pollinators and indicators of environmental health. Habitat destruction and fragmentation caused by developmental activities and poor natural resource management are the main reasons for the drastic decline of butterfly populations throughout the world, and prompt the need for effective conservation management. We assessed the diversity, richness, seasonal distribution and conservation priorities of butterflies in an inner-city parkland habitat (University of Dhaka, Bangladesh) and investigated the biotic, and abiotic factors affecting butterfly diversity. A total of 93 species from 5 families were recorded from January to December 2014. Nymphalidae and Papilionidae were the most and least dominant families in terms of species number. Butterflies across families generally selected nectar plants randomly, although some showed preference towards herbs. Spatial interpolation of butterfly richness indicated that the most suitable area was around Curzon Hall, an area containing different types of vegetation. Precipitation was the only abiotic factor with a significant relationship with butterfly species richness. The establishment of green areas with complex structural vegetation will improve microclimatic conditions for butterflies, promoting healthier urban ecosystems, and the conservation of butterflies and other associated species in inner-city areas.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85034751761","10.1109/COMTECH.2017.8065759","2017-10-11","Animal protection algorithm and formal modeling using WSANs","Animals have a great importance in terms of beauty of landscape and are ingredient in medicines for humans. Destruction of habitat, increased pollution and illegal hunting have caused some species of animals to become endangered. Therefore, there is a need to protect such species of animals. This work uses Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSANs) to protect them from the hunters. Firstly, WSANs are modeled using graph theory and then flow chart of the problem is presented. Endangered Species Protection Algorithm (ESPA) is proposed which employs temperature and multimedia sensors for detecting hunters, predicting a safe location for animals and actuating them to move towards that location. The graph based model, flow chart and the proposed algorithm are transformed into an equivalent formal model. Formal specification of the algorithm is developed using Vienna Development Method-Specification Language (VDM-SL). VDM-SL is used because it is a detailed level formal specification language. Both static and dynamic models are developed using VDM-SL which includes invariants over the components to restrict behavior and pre/post-conditions for correct execution of functions and operations of the system. The developed formal specification has been analyzed through VDM-SL Toolbox for correctness of the system.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85032569130","10.1051/e3sconf/20171902027","2017-10-23","Eco-Balance analysis of the disused lead-acid-batteries recycling technology","The article presents the results of the eco-balance analysis of the disused lead-acid batteries recycling process. Test-dedicated technology offers the possibility to recover other elements, for example, polypropylene of the battery case or to obtain crystalline sodium sulphate. The life cycle assessment was made using ReCiPe and IMPACT2002 + methods. The results are shown as environmental points [Pt]. The results are shown in the environmental categories, specific for each of the methods grouped in the impact categories. 1 Mg of the processed srap was a dopted as the functional unit. The results of the analyses indicate that recycling processes may provide the environmental impact of recycling technology less harmful. Repeated use of lead causes that its original sources are not explored. Similarly, the use of granule production-dedicated polypropylene extracted from battery casings that are used in the plastics industry, has environmental benefits. Due to the widespread use of lead-acid batteries, the attention should be paid to their proper utilization, especially in terms of heavy metals, especially lead. According to the calculations, the highest level of environmental benefits from the use of lead from secondary sources in the production of new products, was observed in the refining process.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85015692666","10.1007/s00127-017-1368-y","2017-11-01","Comorbid psychopathology and everyday functioning in a brief intervention study to reduce khat use among Somalis living in Kenya: description of baseline multimorbidity, its effects of intervention and its moderation effects on substance use","024). Conclusion: Somali khat users in Kenya are highly burdened by multimorbidity of depression, PTSD and khat-psychotic symptoms. The main effects for time and differences in healthy vs. mentally ill khat users indicate potential of unspecific support and the specific need for mental health care in combination with substance abuse treatment. The increase of everyday functioning promises more options for alternative activities, preventing excessive use and addiction.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020933593","10.1016/j.icarus.2017.06.011","2017-11-01","The origin and evolution of a differentiated Mimas","In stark contrast with its neighbor moon Enceladus, Mimas is surprisingly geologically quiet, despite an eccentric orbit and distance to Saturn prone to levels of tidal dissipation 30 times higher. While Mimas’ lack of geological activity could be due to a stiff, frigid interior, libration data acquired using the Cassini spacecraft suggest that its interior is not homogeneous. Here, we present one-dimensional models of the thermal, structural, and orbital evolution of Mimas under two accretion scenarios: primordial, undifferentiated formation in the Saturnian sub-nebula, and late, layered formation from a debris ring created by the disruption of one or more previous moons. We find it difficult to reproduce a differentiated, eccentric Mimas under a primordial accretion scenario: either Mimas never differentiates, or the internal warming that leads to differentiation increases tidal dissipation, yielding runaway heating that produces a persistent ocean, thereby circularizing Mimas’ orbit. Only if Mimas accretes very early (so that the decay of short-lived radionuclides initiates differentiation) but its rheology is not highly dissipative (in order to stop runaway tidal heating even if the eccentricity is not negligible) can the simulations match the observational constraints. Alternatively, a late, layered accretion scenario yields a present-day Mimas that matches observational constraints, independently of the magnitude of tidal dissipation. Consistent with previous findings, these models do not produce an ocean on Enceladus unless its orbital eccentricity is higher than today's value.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85041899868","10.1111/1467-9604.12182","2017-11-01","Students’ experiences of academic success with dyslexia: A call for alternative intervention"," Future research could evaluate such an intervention for its effectiveness on CYP's social emotional well-being and literacy skills.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85036672197","10.2166/wst.2017.449","2017-11-01","Direct contact membrane distillation for textile wastewater treatment: A state of the art review","To meet surging water demands, water reuse is being sought as an alternative to traditional water resources. Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) has been increasingly studied in the past decade for its potential as an emerging cost effective wastewater treatment process and subsequent water reuse. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the current progress in the application of DCMD for textile wastewater treatment based on the available state of the art. There are already published review papers about the membrane distillation process, but the difference in the present work is that it focuses on the textile area, which consumes a lot of water and generates large amounts of wastewater, and still needs innovations in the sector. A review focused on the textile sector draws the attention of professionals to the problem and, consequently, to a solution. Current issues such as the influences of feed solution, membrane characteristics and membrane fouling and new insights are discussed. The main performance operating conditions and their effects on the separation process are given. Likewise, challenges associated with the influence of different dyes on the DCMD results are explained. This review also highlights the future research directions for DCMD to achieve successful implementation in the textile industry.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85033732002","10.1088/1757-899X/245/4/042067","2017-11-04","Visual Perception by Drivers of the Advertisements Located at Selected Major Routes","This article characterizes the research based on the analysis of the eye fixation points on the advertisements. The research has been realized in real road and traffic conditions. The group of 12 drivers was equipped with the glasses occulometric measurement system mounted on the driver's head. The participants were driving their private cars. The analysis was concentrated on the fixations on the advertisement tables located along the selected national roads in Rzeszów area (Poland). For better recognition if the advertisements have distracted the drivers the number of fixations on the advertisements has been compared with the fixations on the road signs. The active drivers have observed many visual attractors like advertisements, road signs and cars being ahead and on another lane. Passive drivers have low number of fixations on road signs and advertisements. Their fixations typically have been localized on survey and they probably used the peripheral vision in order to recognition of road sign shapes. The results show, that: the percentage of fixations on the advertisement and road signs is different for each participants; the highest percentage of fixated advertisements was on the section with small number of advertisements, but in the city area, when a group of advertisements was on the road, the participants selected some of them, yet no participant fixated all advertisements localized in a small distance between them; the single advertisement visible from the long distance strongly attracts the visual perception; the percentage of the fixated advertisements was higher than road signs.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85041241669","10.4324/9781315306599","2017-11-14","Cultures of sustainability and wellbeing: Theories, histories and policies","Cultures of Sustainability and Wellbeing: Theories, Histories and Policies examines and assesses the interdependence between sustainability and wellbeing by drawing attention to humans as producers and consumers in a post-human age. Why wellbeing ought to be regarded as essential to sustainable development is explored first from multifocal theoretical perspectives encompassing sociology, literary criticism and socioeconomics, second in relation to institutions and policies, and third with a focus on specific case studies across the world. Wellbeing and its sustainability are defined in terms of biological and cultural diversity; stages of advancement in science and technology; notions of citizenship and agency; geopolitical scenarios and environmental conditions. Wellbeing and sustainability call for enquiries into human capacities in ontological, epistemological and practical terms. A view of sustainability that revolves around material and immaterial wellbeing is based on the assumption that life quality, comfort, happiness, security, safety always posit humans as both recipients and agents. Risk and resilience in contemporary societies define the intrinsically human ability to make and consume, to act and adapt, driving the search for and fruition of wellbeing. How to sustain the dual process of exploitation and regeneration is a task that requires integrated approaches from the sciences and the humanities, jointly tracing a worldwide cartography with clear localisations. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers interested in sustainability through conceptual and empirical approaches including social theory, literary and cultural studies, environmental economics and human ecology, urbanism and cultural geography.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85028765380","10.1080/1573062X.2017.1363252","2017-11-26","Data-mining analysis of in-sewer infiltration patterns: seasonal characteristics of clear water seepage into Brussels main sewers","Parasitic clear water infiltration is known to increase the waste water volumes in most sewerage systems. Amongst others, a problem arising from that is a significant variation of waste water pollutant concentration over time, which complicates the purification process and increases its cost. Capitalizing on new extensive databases, we propose a new method for the identification of clear water infiltration rates based on data-mining and data consolidation of long time data series. Based on a straightforward anthropogenic tracer, together with a simple but rigorous water budget, the infiltrated volumes are quantified day-by-day for the entire zone treated by a major waste water treatment plant. Brussels city is used as an example of the applicability of the method over several years, demonstrating the significant seasonal changes in sewer infiltration rates in the area and the progress achieved so far by structural sewer repair.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85030252045","10.1002/etc.3926","2017-12-01","Short-term toxicity of 1-methylnaphthalene to Americamysis bahia and 5 deep-sea crustaceans"," on behalf of SETACThere are few studies that have evaluated hydrocarbon toxicity to vertically migrating deep-sea micronekton. Crustaceans were collected alive using a 9-m2 Tucker trawl with a thermally insulated cod end and returned to the laboratory in 10 °C seawater. Toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 1-methylnaphthalene to Americamysis bahia, Janicella spinacauda, Systellaspis debilis, Sergestes sp., Sergia sp., and a euphausiid species was assessed in a constant exposure toxicity test utilizing a novel passive dosing toxicity testing protocol. The endpoint of the median lethal concentration tests was mortality, and the results revealed high sensitivity of the deep-sea micronekton compared with other species for which these data are available. Threshold concentrations were also used to calculate critical target lipid body burdens using the target lipid model. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3415–3423.  on behalf of SETAC.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85031811977","10.1016/j.accre.2017.09.002","2017-12-01","U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Agreement: Reasons, impacts, and China's response"," engaged in climate cooperation.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85029479297","10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.09.013","2017-12-01","Street network accessibility-based methodology for appraisal of land use master plans: An empirical case study of Wuhan, China","In rapidly developing countries where master plans quickly lead to new cities, planning professionals still lack a robust methodology for the appraisal of land use at the proposal stage. This research proposes a novel approach to master-plan appraisal based on examining whether the relationship between the planned land use pattern and the proposed street layout follows a systematic spatial logic, with land use allocation correlated to accessibility characteristics of a location. Each land use zone is given a score that reflects the degree to which it is connected to every other land use zone in the master plan. The scores are derived from topological analysis of the urban street grid using sDNA (spatial domain network analysis) methodology.1",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85033703106","10.1038/s41598-017-15552-w","2017-12-01","A solution-processable, nanostructured, and conductive graphene/polyaniline hybrid coating for metal-corrosion protection and monitoring","5 wt% sodium chloride solutions, chosen as chemical and seawater models, respectively. Impedance measurements were performed in the two corrosive solutions, with the variation in charge transfer resistance (R ct) over time indicating that the GPn acted as an efficient physical and chemical barrier preventing corrosive species from reaching the copper surface. The GPn-coated copper was composed of many PANI-coated graphene planes stacked parallel to the copper surface. PANI exhibits redox-based conductivity, which was facilitated by the high conductivity of graphene. Additionally, the GPn surface was found to be hydrophobic. These properties combined effectively to protect the copper metal against corrosion. We expect that the GPn can be further applied for developing smart anticorrosive coating layers capable of monitoring the status of metals.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85035061198","10.1177/0734242X17733538","2017-12-01","A novel kinetic modeling method for the stabilization phase of the composting process for biodegradation of solid wastes"," In the non-aeration reactor, for the second-order model good agreement was achieved between the simulated and actual quantities of VS. Also, half-life time provided a useful criterion for the estimation of expected time for completion of different phases of composting.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85036634688","10.3319/TAO.2017.03.25.01","2017-12-01","Assessment of hydrological regimes for vegetation on riparian wetlands in Han River Basin, Korea","Hydrological regimes are regarded as one of the major determinants for wetland ecosystems, for they influence species composition, succession, productivity, and stability of vegetation communities. Since Korea launched the Four Major River Restoration Project in 2007, the water regimes of many of the riparian wetlands have changed, that is potentially affecting vegetation properties. For ecological conservation and management, it is important to connect hydrological characteristics and vegetation properties. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of hydrological regimes on vegetation community, and develop a methodology that can connect them. Inundated exceedance probability (IEP) and its district concept are suggested to gain insights into hydrological regimes on the Binae wetland that is rehabilitated by the Restoration Project in 2012 and belong to the riparian zone. Results of this study indicate that the areas with P = 0.08 or lower IEPs should have the disturbance for vegetation communities, or could be changed to a hydrophilic vegetation in the study area, and it should be considered in the restoration and rehabilitation project to conserve legally protected or endangered vegetation.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042725389","10.1109/DISTRA.2017.8191219","2017-12-12","Chaotic analysis of the gloabal solar irradiance","The use of solar energy is increasing for power generation and other uses. In order to meet these demands and make better predictions, it is necessary to understand and explain the dynamic^ of the solar parameters. Nonlinear dynamics and associated tools can provide better results in the analysis. The meteorological events are based time series and has a dynamic chacteristic therefore this paper proposes a different approach to analysis of solar parameter That is called chaotic analysis of the solar parameters such as global solar irradiance(GSI) based on times series approach. The chaotic behavior of global solar irradiation and sunshine duration are tested by phase spaces and Lyapunov Exponents. It is crucial to measure and analysis with a high accuracy solar parameters to benefit maximally form a specific region solar energy potential. In the application, four solar irradltion sites are considered from different solar energy potential locations in Turkey, namely, at Diyarbak,r, Gaziante^ Batman and Mardin cities.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85038397513","10.1515/pubhef-2017-0042","2017-12-20","Inclusive education and the health of children with disabilities Inklusive Bildung und die Gesundheit von behinderten Kindern","Inclusive education of children with disabilities is a much debated public issue and the call for overcoming segregating school systems provokes resistance. In German speaking countries, the correlation between inclusive education and the health of disabled children has not been discussed so far. The results of a Canadian study may contribute to this debate.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044334069",,"2018-01-01","Biomass production in surface mines: Renewable energy source for power plants","The use of renewable energy sources is becoming increasingly necessary, if we are to achieve the changes required to address the impacts of global warming. Biomass is the most common form of renewable energy, widely used in the third world but until recently, less so in the Western world. Latterly much attention has been focused on identifying suitable biomass species, which can provide high-energy outputs, to replace conventional fossil fuel energy sources. The type of biomass required is largely determined by the energy conversion process and the form in which the energy is required. The potential of reclaimed land of mines to act as a biofuel source, providing fuel to supplement conventional power stations, is examined, together with the replacement of fuels in gas or diesel boilers for the production of thermal energy.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85050018953",,"2018-01-01","Making the world's longest subsea tunnel sustainable","How can large-scale infrastructure projects be sustainable? The purpose of this paper is to discuss how engineering practices were changed in order to reduce the carbon footprint of the E39 Rogfast project, the world's longest roadway sub-sea tunnel. The project will generate greenhouse gas (GHG)-emissions exceeding 1% of Norway's total annual GHG-emissions. The paper covers the project process, including some of the challenges to be overcome.",,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055052062",,"2018-01-01","Road safety perspective in developing countries - Colombia Perspectiva de la seguridad vial en países en desarrollo - Colombia","La seguridad vial tiene componentes cualitativos y cuantitativos identificándose mayor información técnico científica sobre este último parámetro, se encontró que cada vez más países están adoptando medidas para mejorar su situación en materia de seguridad vial y una de las formas es incluirla en su legislación, con la finalidad de que exista cumplimiento por parte de la población y Colombia no es la excepción en este proceso, por lo cual se encuentra gran cantidad de normatividad reciente sobre la temática.The road safety has qualitative and quantitative components identifying more scientific technical information on this last parameter, it was found that more and more countries are taking steps to improve their road safety situation and one way is to include it in their legislation, in order to ensure that there is compliance by the population and Colombia is no exception in this process, so there is a lot of recent regulation on the subject.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85058679068",,"2018-01-01","Acoustic performance assessment of residential buildings – A measurement and survey study","The Noise Protection and Sound Insulation in Buildings regulation issued by the Turkish Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, aims to organize the requirements and enforcements for noise control in buildings. This regulation introduces a performance classification scheme for residential buildings that ranges from A to F similar to that is proposed in the draft standard ISO-CD19488. Acoustical performance class is assigned based on six acoustical performance parameters: airborne and impact sound insulation, façade sound insulation, indoor background noise levels, mechanical noise levels and reverberation time. Aiming to confirm the applicability of the limit values and the classification system, a case study was performed by selecting three sample buildings. Airborne and impact sound insulation of building elements, reverberation time and indoor noise levels were measured starting from 100 Hz and 50 Hz and the results were compared with the regulatory requirements. Simultaneously, a survey was also conducted applying a questionnaire specifically prepared to evaluate the residents’ opinions in terms of satisfaction/dissatisfaction about acoustic performance of their dwellings. The relationships between the occupants’ assessments and the regulatory requirements are discussed in this paper.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062277738",,"2018-01-01","Evaluation of conditions for effective agricultural land-use as a basis for sustainable development of plant-growing production in the Omsk Region","The paper proves the necessity to evaluate the conditions of land use in agricultural enterprises. The purpose of studying the quality of land use conditions is to determine the factors affecting the efficiency of agricultural production by evaluating the quality of land use conditions. The work objectives are: 1) identification of the conditions connected with land use and affecting the performance of agricultural production with the help of correlation-and-regression analysis; 2) evaluation of the quality of the selected conditions based on the index method use; 3) grouping of regions according to the scale of conditions favorability for efficient use of land resources; 4) comparison of groups of areas according to favorable conditions of land use with the results of agricultural production. The indicators influencing the efficiency and effectiveness of plant-growing production were revealed with the help of correlation-and-regression analysis. The grounding of the parameters affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of plant-growing production was carried out on this basis. It helped to carry out index evaluation of the land-use conditions in agriculture of municipal districts and to identify the most favorable areas of the Omsk Region.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067965045",,"2018-01-01","Europe: Settlement patterns and developments towards urban life in central and southern Italy during the bronze age","This paper discusses socio-cultural developments in central and southern Italy between the late 3rd and the early 1st millennia BC, particularly focussing on settlement patterns. Over this span of time, the foundations were laid for the process towards urbanisation that occurred in various Italian regions at the threshold of the historic period. Two major settlement patterns are recognised, each having specific variations on a regional scale and depending on environmental conditions: 1) small hamlets, often forming definite clusters, which had a long tradition and tended to be resilient to socio-cultural changes; 2) larger settlements, devoted to exchange activities and craft production, which were mostly naturally/artificially fortified, long-lasting and more prone to internal changes. These latter in particular developed from the 18th century BC onwards. Some ceased at the beginning of the 1st millennium BC, but others instead grew, existing alongside new-established flourishing centres that based their success on both their agricultural and military potentials, so enabling their fast demographic growth.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060649882","10.1002/9781119129400.ch49","2018-01-01","The placenta as a critical care issue","This chapter reviews specific placental disorders that are associated with development of maternal critical illness and outlines condition-specific treatment plans. Antenatal diagnosis, appropriate planning, and prompt recognition and treatment of complications reduce the risk of maternal death. Antenatal diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) improves pregnancy outcome. Women presenting with placental conditions, especially in the settings of hemorrhage or morbidly adherent placenta, benefit from multidisciplinary care in an intensive care setting. Classical findings in placental abruption include rupture of poorly formed spiral arteries, or arterial shearing causing high-pressure flow and extension into the basal plate and intervillous space. In cases in which the placenta previa resolves, there is an increased risk for vasa previa, a condition in which fetal vessels unprotected by the placenta or umbilical cord course over or within 2?cm of the internal os.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85031283805","10.1007/978-3-319-61515-8_2","2018-01-01","Mapping the metropolis: Analysing map production in Lyon and São Paulo in the first half of the twentieth century","A project of cooperation between the universities of São Paulo and Lyon has produced exchanges on the subjects of urbanization dynamics and spatial representations. The approach of two cities that differ largely in what involves periods and intensity of growth has been an interesting way to compare how mapping procedures developed in the first half of the twentieth century. In a moment of important urban sprawl, both cities have incorporated a range of new techniques, such as aerial photography or new geodetic networks. This was done in an attempt to cover the overflow of the city beyond its original borders. Mapping activities were the basis for a series of new urban plans, even if they were not conducted in the same way or by the same kind of institution in each city. In Lyon the role of local private surveyors was particularly important in the new series proposed since 1910: 1/2000 mappings were used, building on a 1/500 cartography started in the 1860s. In São Paulo, the role of foreign companies, as the SARA mapping in the late 1920s, created a new reference map in the scales of 1/5000 and 1/1000 contributing to the idea of a modern city. In both cases, new projects for road maps set the stage for a city where daily mobility involved larger distances based on new means of transportation. This caused the need for a change in the scale and the way to portray a city that would be decisive for its further development.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042106286","10.1007/978-3-319-74521-3_33","2018-01-01","Energy harvesting relay node deployment for network capacity expansion","The increasing traffic demands in the past few years require further expansion of cellular network capacity. Densely deployed base stations may cause a large amount of energy consumption and lots of environmental problems. Relaying is considered as a promising cost-efficient solution for capacity expansion and energy saving due to the physical characteristics and low power requirements of the relay nodes. In this paper, we study the energy harvesting relay node deployment problem in a cellular network where the user distribution may change with time. We propose a greedy relay nodes deployment algorithm to satisfy the network capacity requirements in different time and put forward an operation optimization algorithm to make full use of renewable energy. Simulation results show that the network capacity can be increased significantly and the energy consumption can be reduced dramatically by the proposed algorithms.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063687754","10.1007/978-981-10-4502-8_13","2018-01-01","Corporate Social Disclosures by Banks: Between Legal Institution and Cultural Dimensions","Recent studies have articulated the dearth of cross-country investigation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure behaviours in the broader CSR discourse. The impacts of national institutional frameworks on CSR disclosure behaviours also remain under-researched. Consequently, this study examines the impact of legal origin and culture on CSR disclosures by large banks in fourteen Western European countries. The study is based on the CSR disclosure and other firm-specific information in the sustainability and annual reports for 2005 and 2008 of the companies in the sample and uses multiple regression analysis. It finds that country’s legal origin and cultural dimension affect disclosure behaviours of banks. Surprisingly, banks in civil law origin countries make more employee and shareholders social disclosures than banks in both common law and Scandinavian countries. Banks in high-uncertainty avoidance cultures make more social disclosures than banks in low-uncertainty avoidance cultures, but no relationship is found between CSR disclosure and individualism/collectivism cultural dimensions. The study finds support for institutional theory and highlights the importance of cross-country studies in expanding the current CSR dialogue.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053480374","10.1007/s40266-018-0582-y","2018-01-01","Medication Exposure and Health Outcomes in Older Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Prospective Study Undertaken in New Zealand","65). Conclusions: Multiple medication exposure was prevalent in this older ESKD population, and was associated with an increased risk of mortality and hospitalisation. While this study is not able to determine the cause of these relationships, review of medication use is warranted in this population. Trial Registration: ACTRN12611000024943.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85043329426","10.1016/bs.amb.2018.01.001","2018-01-01","Potential Impacts of Offshore Oil and Gas Activities on Deep-Sea Sponges and the Habitats They Form","Sponges form an important component of benthic ecosystems from shallow littoral to hadal depths. In the deep ocean, beyond the continental shelf, sponges can form high-density fields, constituting important habitats supporting rich benthic communities. Yet these habitats remain relatively unexplored. The oil and gas industry has played an important role in advancing our knowledge of deep-sea environments. Since its inception in the 1960s, offshore oil and gas industry has moved into deeper waters. However, the impacts of these activities on deep-sea sponges and other ecosystems are only starting to become the subject of active research. Throughout the development, operation and closure of an oil or gas field many activities take place, ranging from the seismic exploration of subseafloor geological features to the installation of infrastructure at the seabed to the drilling process itself. These routine activities and accidental releases of hydrocarbons during spills can significantly impact the local marine environment. Each phase of a field development or an accidental oil spill will therefore have different impacts on sponges at community, individual and cellular levels. Legacy issues regarding the future decommissioning of infrastructure and the abandonment of wells are also important environmental management considerations. This chapter reviews our understanding of impacts from hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation activities on deep-sea sponges and the habitats they form. These impacts include those (1) at community level, decreasing the diversity and density of benthic communities associated with deep-sea sponges owing to physical disturbance of the seabed; (2) at individual level, interrupting filtration owing to exposure to increased sedimentation; and (3) at cellular level, decreasing cellular membrane stability owing to exposure to drill muds. However, many potential effects not yet tested in deep-sea sponges but observed in shallow-water sponges or other model organisms should also be taken into account. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have shown impact of oil or dispersed oil on deep-sea sponges. To highlight these significant knowledge gaps, a summary table of potential and known impacts of hydrocarbon extraction and production activities combined with a simple “traffic light” scheme is also provided.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048816310","10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.06.217","2018-01-01","Tracing Macroeconomic Impacts of Individual Behavioral Changes through Model Integration","The discourse on climate change stresses the importance of individual behavioral changes and shifts in social norms to assist both climate mitigation efforts worldwide. A design of an effective and efficient climate policy calls for decision support tools that are able to quantify cumulative impacts of individual behaviour and can integrate bottom-up processes into the traditional decision support tools. We propose an integrated system of models that combines strengths of macro and micro approaches to trace the cross-scale feedbacks in socio-economic processes in residential energy markets at provincial and national scales. This paper explores the feasibility of such hybrid models to study dynamic effects of climate change mitigation policy measures targeted at changes in residential energy use practices. We present an example of an agent-based energy model (BENCH) integrated with a EU-EMS computable general equilibrium model. We discusses methodological advancements and open challenges with respect to the integrated system of models.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85049166177","10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.123","2018-01-01","CO2-based assessment for sustainable production planning in the metal processing industry","By assessing the emissions of greenhouse gases of finished goods over their entire lifecycle, it can be seen that a significant part of the emissions is caused in production and related upstream processes. A strong focus on resource-efficient production techniques could provide possibilities for significant emission reduction in these processes. This causes the need of a quantitative comparison of different production techniques and processes by their total CO2-eq.-emissions. Especially small enterprises may not be able to provide information on energy and resource flows and resulting emissions on a level that is detailed enough to reveal emission reduction potentials. The assessment model introduced is applicable for every enterprise to quantify production-related emissions of their finished goods and to compare them with other possible production techniques and processes, in order to facilitate CO2-based production planning. The model is highly flexible, as calculations are based on a process database that can easily be modified. Moreover, the input of country-specific and manufacturer-specific data like country-specific electricity-mix or material-manufacturer-specific CO2-eq.-emissions enables a high customization level.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85052801901","10.1039/c8cp04216k","2018-01-01","The integration of experiment and computational modelling in heterogeneously catalysed ammonia synthesis over metal nitrides","In this perspective we present recent experimental and computational progress in catalytic ammonia synthesis research on metal nitrides involving a combined approach. On this basis, it suggested that the consideration of nitrogen vacancies in the synthesis of ammonia can offer new low energy pathways that were previously unknown. We have shown that metal nitrides that are also known to have high activity for ammonia synthesis can readily form nitrogen vacancies on their surfaces. These vacancies adsorb dinitrogen much more strongly than the defect-free surfaces and can efficiently activate the strong N-N triple bond. These fundamental studies suggest that heterogeneously catalysed ammonia synthesis over metal nitrides is strongly affected by bulk and surface defects and that further progress in the discovery of low temperature catalysts relies on more careful consideration of nitrogen vacancies. The potential occurrence of an associative pathway in the case of the Co3Mo3N catalytic system provides a possible link with enzymatic catalysis, which will be of importance in the design of heterogeneous catalytic systems operational under process conditions of reduced severity which are necessary for the development of localised facilities for the production of more sustainable green ammonia.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044116247","10.1080/16549716.2018.1440782","2018-01-01","Developing and implementing national health identifiers in resource limited countries: why, what, who, when and how?","Many resource-limited countries are scaling up health services and health-information systems (HISs). The HIV Cascade framework aims to link treatment services and programs to improve outcomes and impact. It has been adapted to HIV prevention services, other infectious and non-communicable diseases, and programs for specific populations. Where successful, it links the use of health services by individuals across different disease categories, time and space. This allows for the development of longitudinal health records for individuals and de-identified individual level information is used to monitor and evaluate the use, cost, outcome and impact of health services. Contemporary digital technology enables countries to develop and implement integrated HIS to support person centred services, a major aim of the Sustainable Development Goals. The key to link the diverse sources of information together is a national health identifier (NHID). In a country with robust civil protections, this should be given at birth, be unique to the individual, linked to vital registration services and recorded every time that an individual uses health services anywhere in the country: it is more than just a number as it is part of a wider system. Many countries would benefit from practical guidance on developing and implementing NHIDs. Organizations such as ASTM and ISO, describe the technical requirements for the NHID system, but few countries have received little practical guidance. A WHO/UNAIDS stake-holders workshop was held in Geneva, Switzerland in July 2016, to provide a ‘road map’ for countries and included policy-makers, information and healthcare professionals, and members of civil society. As part of any NHID system, countries need to strengthen and secure the protection of personal health information. While often the technology is available, the solution is not just technical. It requires political will and collaboration among all stakeholders to be successful.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055824979","10.1098/rsta.2017.0072","2018-01-01","Capturing the global signature of surface ocean acidification during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum","Geologically abrupt carbon perturbations such as the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, approx. 56 Ma) are the closest geological points of comparison to current anthropogenic carbon emissions. Associated with the rapid carbon release during this event are profound environmental changes in the oceans including warming, deoxygenation and acidification. To evaluate the global extent of surface ocean acidification during the PETM, we present a compilation of new and published surface ocean carbonate chemistry and pH reconstructions from various palaeoceanographic settings. We use boron to calcium ratios (B/Ca) and boron isotopes (δ11B) in surface- and thermocline-dwelling planktonic foraminifera to reconstruct ocean carbonate chemistry and pH. Our records exhibit a B/Ca reduction of 30-40% and a δ11B decline of 1.0-1.2 coeval with the carbon isotope excursion. The tight coupling between boron proxies and carbon isotope records is consistent with the interpretation that oceanic absorption of the carbon released at the onset of the PETM resulted in widespread surface ocean acidification. The remarkable similarity among records from different ocean regions suggests that the degree of ocean carbonate change was globally near uniform. We attribute the global extent of surface ocean acidification to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels during the main phase of the PETM.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85038602249","10.1111/ejh.12985","2018-01-01","Testicular vein thrombosis: Incidence of recurrent venous thromboembolism and survival","34). Major bleeding events were rare (one patient per group). Conclusions: Identifying TVT should prompt a search for a regional malignancy. Despite the high cancer prevalence and low utilization of anticoagulants, recurrent venous thrombosis and mortality rates are similar to DVT patients.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85056090984","10.1139/cjfr-2018-0196","2018-01-01","Applications of the United States forest inventory and analysis dataset: A review and future directions","The United States Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program has been monitoring national forest resources in the United States for over 80 years; presented here is a synthesis of research applications for FIA data. A review of over 180 publications that directly utilize FIA data is broken down into broad categories of application and further organized by methodologies and niche research areas. The FIA program provides the most comprehensive forest database currently available, with permanent plots distributed across all forested lands and ownerships in the United States and plot histories dating back to the early 1930s. While the data can be incredibly powerful, users need to understand the spatial resolution of ground-based plots and the nature of the FIA plot coordinate system must be applied correctly. As the need for accurate assessments of national forest resources continues to be a global priority, particularly related to carbon dynamics and climate impacts, such national forest inventories will continue to be an important source of information on the status of and trends in these ecosystems. The advantages and limitations of FIA’s national forest inventory data are highlighted, and suggestions for further expansion of the FIA program are provided.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042294679","10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0071.1","2018-01-01","The Hot and Dry April of 2016 in Thailand","This sixth edition of explaining extreme events of the previous year (2016) from a climate perspective is the first of these reports to find that some extreme events were not possible in a preindustrial climate. The events were the 2016 record global heat, the heat across Asia, as well as a marine heat wave off the coast of Alaska. While these results are novel, they were not unexpected. Climate attribution scientists have been predicting that eventually the influence of human-caused climate change would become sufficiently strong as to push events beyond the bounds of natural variability alone. It was also predicted that we would first observe this phenomenon for heat events where the climate change influence is most pronounced. Additional retrospective analysis will reveal if, in fact, these are the first events of their kind or were simply some of the first to be discovered. Last year, the editors emphasized the need for additional papers in the area of “impacts attribution” that investigate whether climate change’s influence on the extreme event can subsequently be directly tied to a change in risk of the socio-economic or environmental impacts. Several papers in this year’s report address this challenge, including Great Barrier Reef bleaching, living marine resources in the Pacific, and ecosystem productivity on the Iberian Peninsula. This is an increase over the number of impact attribution papers than in the past, and are hopefully a sign that research in this area will continue to expand in the future. Other extreme weather event types in this year’s edition include ocean heat waves, forest fires, snow storms, and frost, as well as heavy precipitation, drought, and extreme heat and cold events over land. There were a number of marine heat waves examined in this year’s report, and all but one found a role for climate change in increasing the severity of the events. While human-caused climate change caused China’s cold winter to be less likely, it did not influence U.S. storm Jonas which hit the mid-Atlantic in winter 2016. As in past years, the papers submitted to this report are selected prior to knowing the final results of whether human-caused climate change influenced the event. The editors have and will continue to support the publication of papers that find no role for human-caused climate change because of their scientific value in both assessing attribution methodologies and in enhancing our understanding of how climate change is, and is not, impacting extremes. In this report, twenty-one of the twenty-seven papers in this edition identified climate change as a significant driver of an event, while six did not. Of the 131 papers now examined in this report over the last six years, approximately 65% have identified a role for climate change, while about 35% have not found an appreciable effect. Looking ahead, we hope to continue to see improvements in how we assess the influence of human-induced climate change on extremes and the continued inclusion of stakeholder needs to inform the growth of the field and how the results can be applied in decision making. While it represents a considerable challenge to provide robust results that are clearly communicated for stakeholders to use as part of their decision-making processes, these annual reports are increasingly showing their potential to help meet such growing needs.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051579026","10.12911/22998993/89820","2018-01-01","Influence of ultrasonic disintegration on efficiency of methane fermentation of Sida hermaphrodita silage","The technologies related to the anaerobic decomposition of organic substrates are constantly evolving in terms of increasing the efficiency of biogas production. The use of disintegration methods of organic substrates, which would improve the efficiency of production of gaseous metabolites of anaerobic bacteria without the production of by-products that could interfere with the fermentation process, turns out to be an important strategy. The methane potential of commercially available biodegradable raw materials is huge and their effective use gives the prospect of obtaining an important renewable energy carrier in the form of biogas rich in methane. Ultrasonic disintegration may play a special role in the pre-treatment of substrates subjected to methane fermentation. The pre-treatment based on ultrasonic sonication has a positive effect on the availability of anaerobic compounds released from cellular structures for microorganisms. The research was aimed at determining the influence of ultrasonic sonification on the anaerobic distribution of the organic substrate used, which constituted the mallow silage along with cattle manure with hydration of 90%. The research was carried out using the UP400S Ultrasonic Processor. The disintegration process was applied in two technological variants. The efficiency of biogas and methane production was determined depending on the technological variant used and the time of disintegration. The influence of sonication time on the effectiveness of anaerobic transformation was demonstrated. The highest biogas yield and methane production potential was recorded at 120s. The prolongation of the action time of the ultrasonic field did not significantly increase the biogas production. The use of disintegration of liquid manure as the only medium for the propagation of ultrasonic waves was sufficient to increase the production of gaseous metabolites of anaerobic bacteria. Subjecting the substrate additionally containing mallow silage to the process to sonication did not significantly affect the efficiency of the fermentation process. The percentage of methane in the biogas produced was independent of the pre-treatment conditions of the substrate and was in the range of 66-69%.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85054038708","10.14796/JWMM.C436","2018-01-01","Increased risks of waterborne disease outbreaks in northern Ontario due to climate change","Drinking water advisories (DWAs) are issued when source water turbidity is high, because of concern for waterborne disease outbreaks. Small drinking water treatment systems (SDWTS) for First Nations communities in northern regions in Ontario that rely primarily on surface water sources are at risk during heavy storm events due to erosion in the catchment area which causes poor intake water quality to the SDWTS. This study presents a novel method for assessing the potential contribution of climate change to an increased risk of DWAs being issued for rural communities. Trend analysis using rainfall records at three climate stations located in Northern Ontario shows increasing trends of annual maximum five-day cumulative rainfall amounts over the last 3 decades. The 1 d cumulative rainfall amounts for events occurring 2 times/y on average indicate statistically significant increasing trends of heavy rainfall events, and therefore potentially higher risks of waterborne disease outbreaks.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85052683350","10.1561/100.00017067","2018-01-01","Who is targeted in corruption? disentangling the effects of wealth and power on exposure to bribery","Corrupt government officials must weigh the potential costs and benefits of soliciting a bribe using limited information about a citizen's ability to pay but also to punish. We conduct a field experiment in Malawi to determine the effects of political connections and socioeconomic status on a citizen's exposure to corruption at traffic police roadblocks. We find that political connections reduce exposure to bribery, while relative wealth only insulates citizens from corruption when wealth serves as a proxy for political power. These findings indicate that officials make strategic decisions about when to engage in corruption, disproportionately targeting the politically powerless.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057975029","10.17582/journal.sja/2018/34.4.781.789","2018-01-01","Effect of exogenous application of salicylic acid, potassium nitrate and methanol on canola growth and phenology under different moisture regimes","31 aphids plant-1) compared to control. It is concluded that limited water supply affected canola growth and maturity. Salicylic acid was more effective than potassium nitrate, methanol and water spray in improving growth of canola under optimum and limited water supply.",,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055045558","10.21122/1029-7448-2018-61-5-463-478","2018-01-01","Regularities of the development of coastal processes on water reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants of Belarus","According to field observations, currently in the Republic there is an active destruction of the bedrock costs and slopes of more than 80 % of water bodies. The total length of the coasts of reservoirs that are subjected to processing is about 350 km with a maximum regression of more than 40 m. The reasons of activation of process of processing of the coast caused by construction of new reservoirs of power engineering purpose are considered. The length of the coasts of the new reservoirs exposed to abrasion processing will increase in the near future by more than 30 km, which will have some impact on the surrounding areas and objects of the regional economy. As for the channel-type reservoirs, processing of the cost is being expanded only in the near-dam part of the reservoir and reaches 40 % of the coastline. At the same time, the value of this indicator might be up to 70 % of the length of the coasts of the lake-type reservoirs. Having taken this problem into account, it became necessary to generalize the corresponding accumulated factual data and the results of scientific research. Therefore, the results of theoretical studies of the process of processing of coastal slopes of reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants of Belarus presented by the author, along with the updated data, are of practical importance for decision-making in the regulation of engineering activities for coastal protection. The article presents the theoretical issues of the development of abrasion processes in the banks of reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants in Belarus, based on the data of field observations and laboratory studies. On the basis of the law of conservation of mass and taking into account hydrological features of reservoirs, geological structure of relief and granulometric composition of soils forming the bank, balance mathematical models of development of the equilibrium coastline and the profile of the dynamic equilibrium of the banks that are subjected to processing are developed, criteria for the stability of slopes have been obtained.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85043400965","10.22452/mjlis.vol23no1.6","2018-01-01","3I index: A new method to examine the competitiveness of countries' international publication productivity","This study proposes a new method called the 3I index to examine the competitiveness of countries' international publication productivity with indicators in three dimensions: International participation, International impact, and International leadership. Using the data (1996-2014) from the Scopus database in the communication field, we rank each country by its competitiveness score. The results reveal a polarized structure of competitiveness among all countries: The United States occupies the leading position with the highest score, Western European countries are in dominant positions with high scores, and marginalized countries (mostly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America) have lower levels of competitiveness. However, emerging countries, particularly Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS), recently have achieved great progress in international participations and impacts, that are expected to change the imbalance in international competitiveness in the near future. The regression analysis suggests that countries' economic growth status (Gross Domestic Product) and human resources (total population) have significant impacts on the competitiveness of their international publication productivity. Finally, the authors suggest that both BRICS and developed countries should increase their governments' supports to help third-world countries participate international academic cooperation.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051032889","10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i2.1514","2018-01-01","Open source in urban planning and architecture: Experiences and guidelines from traditional cultures, participatory processes and computer science","Open Source (OS) philosophy can cause important effects both in the design processes and in the professional role of designers. It started as a computer science phenomenon and has rapidly spread to other fields, such as architecture and urban planning. However, there are few studies reflecting about its impact, and there are not guidelines for managing its possible consequences. This article offers some insights considering three main sources: (1) current OS experiences in architecture and urban planning, (2) past traditional and participatory design strategies, and (3) works in computer science about OS. These three topics are conceptually linked using as an index some OS attributes expressed in the OS initiative definition. With that background, guidelines are finally proposed. The article demonstrates that current OS initiatives in architecture and urbanism have many similarities with past design processes and recent computer science experiences. Both subjects can be used as precedents in order to adequately incorporate and adapt OS thinking, a revolution that, depending on the managing skills, could improve the quality of the design and the designer's profession, or provoke a crisis in the current professional model.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85047314394","10.3303/CET1863081","2018-01-01","Circular economy (CE): A framework towards sustainable low carbon development in Pengerang, Johor, Malaysia","Copyright Under the Malaysia's National Key Economic Area (NKEA), Pengerang is set to become the largest regional petroleum refinery and trading hub in South East Asia and will be the focus centre in Asia and globally. This paper relates the basic theory of CE with Pengerang's background, which is in the construction phase towards becoming the centre of integrated petrochemical refinery industry in Johor, Malaysia. CE in the petrochemical industry in Pengerang is briefly exposed in terms of overall constitutional framework, industrial management, energy cycle usage, and wastewater and sludge treatment. This paper outlines the reviews of current movements for Circular Economy (CE) based on the work of literature gathered in 2000 till 2017, its definitions, current best practices, and policy framework towards its implementation especially in highly industrialised petrochemical refinery industries in Europe and China. These mechanisms of CE are then synthesised and implementation framework for CE in Pengerang is produced. Despite this early investigation and literature exposure of CE in Pengerang, there is a need for further specific research to be conducted extensively, to acquire more understanding especially in the context of potential implementations, stakeholders' involvement and awareness towards low carbon development in Pengerang, Johor, Malaysia via CE implementation.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042471870","10.3906/sag-1611-97","2018-01-01","Carfilzomib experience in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A single-center experience","Background/aim: Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a new-generation proteasome inhibitor with significant activity in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (R/R-MM). We have retrospectively evaluated R/R-MM patients who were treated with CFZ plus dexamethasone. Materials and methods: Twenty-one R/R-MM patients who were treated with CFZ plus dexamethasone between October 2013 and January 2016 were screened. The patients were followed until March 2016 after CFZ treatment. Results: Ten (47.6%) of the patients were female and 11 (52.4%) of them were male. The median age was 62 (47–76) years. The median number of prior treatment lines was 3 (2–7). The median number of administered cycles of treatment for CFZ was 4 (1–10). The median overall response rate was 26.3%. The most common hematological adverse events were anemia and thrombocytopenia (38%). The most common nonhematological adverse event was fatigue (71.4%). One patient died because of a cerebrovascular event and 1 patient died because of pneumonia during the treatment period. The median duration of response rate and time to next therapy were 8 (7–9) and 3 (2–16) months, respectively. The median overall survival was 8 (0.5–33) months. Conclusion: Despite the small number of patients, our results suggest that CFZ provides acceptable responses in heavily pretreated R/R-MM patients.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062178057","10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_343_17","2018-01-01","Effect of decaffeinated coffee-enriched chlorogenic acid on blood glucose levels in healthy controls: A systematic review","|As an important group of health problems, glucose metabolism disorders are associated with a number of diseases as well as mortality rate. Recently, studies have demonstrated that the consumption of decaffeinated coffee-enriched chlorogenic acid (CGA) can reduce the risk of diabetes and blood glucose rise, while the results of some previous studies have shown an opposite effect. Hence, a systematic search was conducted based on literature search and appropriate keywords through PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Knowledge, Science direct, Medline, Cochrane, and Scopus databases from 2003 to 2018. After searching, 1593 articles were found. Then, we excluded papers based on the duplication and relevant for title and abstract, whereas 25 relevant articles remained for checking eligibility criteria. Since only randomized clinical trials studies (RCTs) could be included in the current study, six RCTs remained in end-stage for qualitative synthesis. The results of reviewed studies showed no significant effect of decaffeinated coffee-enriched CGA on blood glucose concentration. Although recent studies have suggested the effectiveness of decaffeinated coffee-enriched CGA on blood glucose in animals, and there are various mechanisms for this effect, and the result of our review showed that there is not sufficient evidence for this claim in healthy humans. Hence, further research in this area seems necessary.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85059586691","10.4324/9781315110332","2018-01-01","Valuating narrative accounts in participatory planning processes a case of co-creative storytelling in antwerp, Belgium","This chapter seeks to emphasize the value of storytelling and narrative modes of thought and communication within participatory planning contexts. The chapter theoretically argues that while stories provide a means to bridge the gap between locally embedded knowledge and planning discourses and can stimulate productive debate between conflicting views, the narrative mode remains systematically undervalued within planning contexts. Based on a case study of urban renewal in Antwerp, Belgium, the chapter explores how an approach was adopted that sought to operationalize co-productive storytelling as a means for local actors to engage with the redevelopment process. It illustrates, based on the most central storylines, how this approach has the potential to combine socio-spatial research and deliberation, while connecting daily realities to future-oriented visions. In doing so the chapter aims to emphasize the importance of embedding narrative modes of reasoning within a co-productive approach, to provide a platform for local knowledge to engage with urban planning discourses, and to empower local inhabitants to make sense of spatial transformation processes.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85059192665","10.4324/9781351245197","2018-01-01","Friedrich list and the American system of innovation","Georg Friedrich List provided the economic rationale for infant industry protection and export subsidies. In doing so, he also offered a convincing story about how international trade, accumulation, and uneven development were related to the twin issues of technical change and technological learning. List raised several concerns about the nature of political economy and the cosmopolitan ideal in the works of Adam Smith and Jean-Baptiste Say through a series of letters addressed to Charles J. Ingersoll, first published in Philadelphia in the newspaper The National Gazette, in July 1827, and re-published later that year as Outlines of American Political Economy (Wendler 2015). In these letters, List suggested that Smith’s system was about self-interested individuals living in an ideal global free market and how the accumulation of wealth might influence them. He used the expression cosmopolitical economy, which originated in the American policy discourse, to differentiate Smith and Say from what he believed to be true political economy, as they did not adequately consider the institutional arrangements of the national economy. List (1827: 10) believed that “power secures wealth, and wealth increases power” and that the object of national policy should be to put agriculture and industry, tangible and intangible capital, and domestic and foreign trade on a balanced path of economic growth. This chapter pulls together those aspects of List’s analysis that relate to the American system of political economy, as he would have experienced it after settling in the United States in 1825, and as it unfolded in the two centuries that followed. In the letters to Ingersoll, List considers the systemic nature of manufacturing production, which Freeman (1982, 1995) interpreted as the “national systems of innovation”. List believed that building a national technological infrastructure and a strong national knowledge base was essential to the American system. Freeman and Perez (1988) wrote about new technology systems and changes in the techno-economic paradigm, which fits very well with the American system and subsequent elaborations by List on various European systems in 1837 and 1841. Freeman et al. (1982) had and revolution (long-wave) that List observed as the pervasiveness of steam engines and emergence of the national system of railways. A second unifying theme in this chapter is that true political economy should start from the point of view of the interests of nations and not individuals. But List never provides a convincing refutation of Smith’s ideas in his writings. Tribe (1995) even suggested they were “superficial and misleading”, but they “possess a general coherence that transcends its flawed detail”. Although List was largely a derivative of Smith, he assigned social and mental capital an important role in the classical method and he gave the twin issues of technical change and technological learning greater prominence in his historical analysis. More importantly, he created a novel combination of policy and polemic through his journalism, which is what may have prompted List to write his letters to The National Gazette in 1827. In the third letter, List (1827: 13) described himself as a “faithful disciple” of Smith and Say up until the collapse of the continental system, which led to a flood of cheap British goods into the German market (Henderson 1983). List quipped, “those who venture to oppose [Smith], or even to question its infallibility, expose themselves to be called idiots”. List subsequently revised and extended his ideas and published these letters as The Natural System of Political Economy in 1837, and further developed them in his best-known book, the National System of Political Economy, published in 1841. The following section considers the cosmopolitan ideal in enlightenment thought and contrasts this ideal with political economy. Section three then considers the importance of intellectual capital and technological learning in Adam Smith and Friedrich List. Changes in the techno-economic paradigm and new technology systems are then described from the origin of the American system of innovation to the present day in section four. Although inspired by List, the idea originates in Schumpeter’s interpretation of the Kondratieff wave, which is then carried over to the idea of technological revolutions by Freeman and Perez (1988). Freeman and Perez identify five successive technological revolutions, in which List can be placed in the first half of the second revolution. The American story continues with the transition from a catching-up economy to becoming the technological leader and no longer reliant on protectionist measures. Section five associates the national systems of innovation perspective with List’s national systems of political economy perspective. Some final remarks then are added at the end of section six.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053392479","10.5812/ijp.10485","2018-01-01","Neonatal mortality in the eastern mediterranean region: Socio-demographic, economic and perinatal factors, 1990-2013","Background: The neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is considered amongst the most important socioeconomic and health indicators of a community development. Globally, it has been reported that the daily mortality rate during the neonatal period is much higher (30-fold) than the post-neonatal period. In the Eastern Mediterranean Region, about 40% of the under-5 mortality occurs in the neonatal period. This study aimed to explore the association between the socio-economic, demographic and perinatal care related factors, and the neonatal mortality in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Methods: The secondary data for the 1990 to 2013 on neonatal mortality rates, socio-demographic, socio-economic and health factors were extracted from official websites, including united nations children’s fund (UNICEF), world health organization (WHO), and united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO). Data were collected using the following keywords: ‘neonatal mortality’, ‘perinatal deaths’, ‘child health, education’, ‘expenditure on health’, ‘safe water’, ‘sanitation’ and ‘health in-dicators’. We used secondary data analysis to explore the relationship between the possible explanatory variables and neonatal mortality using correlation coefficient analysis. Results: There was a noticeable decline in neonatal mortality rates (NMR) among the Eastern Mediterranean countries from 1990 to 2013. The neonatal mortality rate had a negative and significant association with literacy status of both sexes, annual growth rates, antenatal care coverage, birth attendance by skilled health personnel, Gross National Income (GNI), total health expenditure per capita, safe drinking water and adequate sanitation facilities. However, the neonatal mortality rate had significant and positive relationships with maternal mortality ratio, total fertility rate, population size, total births and low birth weight. Conclusion: Despite the fall in the neonatal mortality rate, it remains high in the Eastern Mediterranean countries. Socioeconomic and other related factors appear to play a major role in determining neonatal mortality and there is an inverse relationship between socioeconomic status and the neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal health in Eastern Mediterranean countries needs a more effective and innovative approach to sustain the rapid progress in the overall reduction of child mortality.",,,1,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85036541604","10.1080/08120099.2018.1401558","2018-01-02","Delta-fed turbidites in a lacustrine rift basin: the Eocene Dongying depression, Bohai Bay Basin, East China","Sediment avalanche from delta ramp is one of the significant development mechanisms for a turbidite system in a lacustrine basin. To advance our understanding of deep-water sedimentary processes in a lacustrine delta ramp, delta-fed turbidites in the Eocene Dongying depression of the Bohai Bay Basin were studied using core data, 3-D seismic data and well log data. Sandy debris flows, muddy debris flows, mud flows, turbidity currents, slides, sandy slumps and muddy slumps were interpreted based on the identification of lithofacies. Data indicates that deep-water sedimentary processes in the study area were dominated by debris flows and slumps, which accounted for ∼68% and 25% (in thickness) of total gravity flow deposits, respectively; turbidity-current deposits only accounted for ∼5%. Mapping of turbidites showed that most were deposited after short-distance transportation (<20 km), restricted by the scale of deep-water areas and local topography. Channels, depositional lobes, debris flow tongues, muddy turbiditic sheets, slides and slumps were identified in a delta-fed ramp system. Slides and slumps were dominant at the base of slopes or at the hanging walls of growth faults with strong tectonic activity. Channels and depositional lobes developed in gentle, low-lying areas, where sediments were transported longer distances. Sand-rich sediment supply, short-distance transportation and local topography were crucial factors that controlled sedimentation of this ramp system. Channels generally lacked levees and only produced scattered sandstones because of possible hydroplaning of debris flow and unstable waterways. In addition to lobes, debris flow tongues could also be developed in front of channels. These findings have significant implications for hydrocarbon exploration of deep-water sandstone fed by deltas in a lacustrine basin.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85039034441","10.1016/j.jcin.2017.06.060","2018-01-08","Effects of Body Mass Index on Clinical Outcomes in Female Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug-Eluting Stents: Results From a Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","Objectives This study sought to investigate the effect of different body mass index (BMI) categories on clinical outcomes in female patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and drug-eluting stents. Background Patients with higher BMI might, paradoxically, have better long-term clinical outcomes after acute coronary syndrome treated with PCI. Methods We pooled patient-level data for female participants from 26 randomized trials on PCI with drug-eluting stents. Patients were stratified into underweight (BMI, <18.5), normoweight (BMI, 18.5 to 24.9), overweight (BMI, 25 to 29.9), obese (BMI, 30 to 34.9), or morbidly obese (BMI, ≥35). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events, a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularization at 3 years. Results Among 11,557 female patients included in the pooled database, 9,420 were treated with a drug-eluting stent and had BMI data available. Patients with higher BMI were significantly younger and with more cardiovascular risk factors. Only 139 patients were underweight and had significantly higher adjusted rates of cardiac mortality and all-cause mortality than the rest of the population (hazard ratio: 2.20 [1.31 to 3.71] compared with normoweight). There was a significantly lower frequency of unadjusted 3-year all-cause mortality in overweight, obese, and severely obese patients compared with normoweight. However, following multivariable analysis, a trend toward increased risk of death in severely obese patients was observed, describing an inverse “J”-shaped relation between BMI and 3-year mortality. Conversely, the relationship between BMI and other outcomes, such as major adverse cardiac events, was flat for normoweight and higher BMI. Conclusions The risk of 3-year adjusted cardiac events did not differ across BMI groups, whereas the risk of all-cause mortality compared with normoweight was significantly higher in underweight patients and lower in overweight patients with a trend toward increased risk in the severely obese population.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85038826993","10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.180","2018-01-20","NaY zeolite from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw ash used for the adsorption of tetracycline","341 cm3/g could be an efficient adsorbent for the treatment of antibiotic pollutants in wastewater.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85056603648",,"2018-02-01","New types of production from agrifood waste: Cocoa production Nuove produzioni da scarti agroalimentari: Il caso del cacao","Cocoa production produces various types of interesting waste. Usually, the use of this waste as raw material for new products is very limited. However, a greater understanding of the composition of this waste could increase their value allowing the producer countries, which are often Developing Counties, to implement new production cycles. This could also provide positive benefits for local economies. In this paper, after a brief review of the cocoa market, an analysis has been prepared on the characteristics of the different types of waste from a chemical and commodity group perspective. Finally, potential uses of cocoa waste in food and non-food sectors were identified.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042199406","10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.10.008","2018-02-01","The impacts of “urban-induced heavy rains” on the distribution of deposition fluxes of inorganic acidic substances in the Tokyo metropolitan area in summer","98 times/yr on average at nine locations excluding Nerima. The frequency of extremely strong heavy rain events with hourly rainfall amounts greater than 50 mm during decade III was the highest in Nerima (six times) among ten sites. These data suggest that the frequency of heavy rain events has increased at Nerima during the past 30 years. Bulk precipitation data were collected biweekly by filtration-type collectors at 14 sites around Nerima from 2008 to 2010 to determine the impacts of urban-induced heavy rains (hereafter UHR), defined as a heavy rain event other than typhoons and frontal heavy rains, on the distribution of deposition fluxes of inorganic acidic substances. The NO3 − and nss-SO4 2 − concentrations in bulk precipitation were higher during the periods including UHR than those not including UHR. The deposition fluxes of NO3 − and SO4 2 − showed clear differences at the center of UHR (NO3 −: 231 μeq/m2/d, SO4 2 −: 234 μeq/m2/d) and its surrounding area (NO3 −: 76.4 μeq/m2/d, SO4 2 −: 86.1 μeq/m2/d). Our results suggest that large amounts of inorganic acidic substances are deposited locally by UHR in urban areas in summer.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85035354879","10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.060","2018-02-01","Highly efficient oil-in-water emulsion and oil layer/water mixture separation based on durably superhydrophobic sponge prepared via a facile route","The fabrication of the materials with special wettability being capable of removing oil layer on water surface and oil droplets in oil-in-water emulsion is an important issue for water pollution. So far, it still remains challenging to explore a simple, facile, environmentally friendly approach for achieving this goal. Herein, inspired by the adhesion of marine mussels, the polydopamine (PDA) coating with hierarchical structure was directly fabricated onto the surface of melamine (MF) sponge by facile self-polymerization in dopamine solution. Then, a superhydrophobic and superoleophilic sponge was successfully obtained after the modification by dodecanethiol (DDT) at ambient temperature. The as-prepared sponge can selectively separate a series of oil droplets in oil-in-water emulsion with high efficiency (transparency: 76.6–93.8%) and absorb various oils or organic solvents up to 45.2–98.6 times of its own weight. Moreover, in conjunction with a vacuum system, great amounts of oils up to 20 times its own weight can be effectively separated from water surface within 1 s by the sponge. Due to low cost, simple process, and easy accessibility, the as-prepared sponge has potential applications in oil-in-water emulsion separation and oil spill cleanup.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85019677845","10.1111/imig.12350","2018-02-01","Marriage Migration Policy in South Korea: Social Investment beyond the Nation State"," International Migration  Our analysis also suggests that marriage migration policy in Korea constitutes a distinctly transnational dimension to its overall social investment approach, which is strongly motivated by concerns to reproduce the next generation of human capital.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85041641906","10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_437_17","2018-02-01","Tracing the development of psychosocial rehabilitation from its origin to the current with emphasis on the Indian context","|Mental illness and mental health are concepts that have existed from time immemorial. In India, the Atharvaveda and Vedic texts and traditional medical systems such as Siddha, Unani, and Ayurveda have described mental health and disorders, in detail. The advent of the mental hospital brought in the 'chemical revolution' in psychiatric management. The early nineties witnessed the birth of psychiatric rehabilitation in India. These developments saw a shift from a biological to a biopsychosocial model. It embraced the individual, family, community and society into the treatment process. The present rehabilitation process is geared towards providing quality of life, community living, accessible and suitable care.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061561703","10.3390/fermentation4010011","2018-02-13","Pigment production by the edible filamentous fungus Neurospora intermedia","08 mg carotenoids/g dry weight biomass) was achieved in a bubble column reactor. This study provides important insights into pigmentation of this biotechnologically important fungus and lays a foundation for future utilizations of N. intermedia for pigment production.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-84976416728","10.1080/03004279.2016.1201690","2018-02-23","Challenging the concept of ethical literacy within Education for Sustainable Development (ESD): storytelling as a method within sustainability didactics","Ethical literacy seems to be used, within Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), in various ways, some more general and others morally specific, emphasising individuals’ responsibility. The overarching aim of this paper is to present some prerequisites for the development of narrative methods that focus on the vision of a good society without compromising individual integrity. Is it possible to develop ESD in a ways that highlight global challenges with a focus on justice and equity without either, as within post-political romanticism, pretending that social sustainability is a non-controversial ethical goal, or, as within liberal individualistic approaches, claiming that no one may escape from the demands of action competence, which, it is claimed, paves the way for making social sustainability a reality? With reference to some threads in narrative theory and by an analysis of six children’s books, this paper critically and constructively examines storytelling as one method to inspire young people to reflect upon what a good society and a good world might be, to catch sight of visions of a sustainable world and of the differences between how things are and how things could be–a method that may also preserve respect for individuals’ integrity.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85020642817","10.1007/s00192-017-3375-7","2018-03-01","Obstetric fistula in Niger: 6-month postoperative follow-up of 384 patients from the Danja Fistula Center","75 operations) was common. The overall surgical success (“closed and dry”) was 54%. When the 134 primary operations were analyzed separately, the overall success rate was 80%. Increasing success was seen with decreasing surgical difficulty: 92% success for “easy” cases, 68% for “intermediate” cases, and 57% success for “difficult” cases. Success decreased with increasing numbers of previous attempts at surgical repair. Conclusions: These data provide further evidence that clinical outcomes are better when primary fistula repair is performed by expert surgeons in specialist centers with the support of trained fistula nurses.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85040081824","10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.094","2018-03-01","Optimization of F/M ratio for stability of aerobic granular process via quantitative sludge discharge","02 gCOD/gSS d had better pollutant removal performance and stable structure with higher protein-like components in EPS. This study further revealed the importance of F/M ratio in the stability of aerobic granular sludge process.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042428449","10.1016/j.pocean.2018.02.002","2018-03-01","Megabenthic assemblages in the continental shelf edge and upper slope of the Menorca Channel, Western Mediterranean Sea","Highly diverse megabenthic assemblages dominated by passive and active suspension feeders have been recently reported in shelf edge environments of the Mediterranean Sea. Due to their frequent association with species of commercial interest, these assemblages have been heavily impacted by fishing. The vulnerability and low resilience of these assemblages, composed mainly by long-living and slow-growing species, have motivated the implementation of management measures such as the restriction of bottom trawling, and the establishment of large protected areas embracing these environments. The Menorca Channel is one of such areas recently included in the European Union Natura 2000 network. Quantitative analysis of video transects recorded at 95–360 m depth by manned submersible and remotely operated vehicles were used to characterize megabenthic assemblages and to assess their geographical and bathymetric distribution. Six different assemblages were identified, mainly segregated by substrate type and depth. Hard substrates hosted coral gardens and sponge grounds, whereas soft sediments were mainly characterized by large extensions of the crinoid Leptometra phalangium and the brachiopod Gryphus vitreus. The good preservation of most of the observed assemblages is probably related to a low bottom trawling pressure, which mainly concentrates deeper on the adjacent continental slope. Because of their biological and ecological value, management and conservation measures need to be established to preserve these benthic assemblages.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042377155","10.1111/ijjs.12077","2018-03-01","Making Modernity in China: Employment and Entrepreneurship among the New Generation of Peasant Workers"," We also note that discrimination and institutional obstacles, especially the hukou system, remain to be overcome in the peasant workers' transition to modernity.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85043272956","10.1643/CI-17-662","2018-03-01","Deep-Water Dragonets (Teleostei: Callionymidae: Foetorepus) of the Mid Atlantic Bight: A Little-Known Genus from the Edge of the Continental Shelf","The ranges of two rare species of deep-water dragonets-the Spotfin Dragonet Foetorepus agassizii (Goode and Bean, 1888) and the Palefin Dragonet Foetorepus goodenbeani Nakabo and Hartel, 1999-overlap on the outer continental shelf of North America in the Mid Atlantic Bight. We studied more than 450 specimens collected between 2009-2015 by the Northeast Fisheries Science Center to photographically document these species, better characterize their geographic and depth distributions, and describe aspects of their reproductive biology. The two species occurred in a small subset of locations within the sampled area (81 of 6,225 stations). Although F. agassizii and F. goodenbeani occur within a similar geographic region, F. agassizii occurs at greater depths, on average 33 m deeper, than F. goodenbeani. Collection locations and depths in spring and fall were similar, suggesting that F. agassizii and F. goodenbeani do not migrate seasonally, perhaps because they occur in habitats with stable year-round temperatures. Macroscopic and histological analyses of reproductive condition indicated both species are spawning capable in spring (March) and fall (September and October). Males collected in these months had mature spermatozoa in testicular tubules, and females had oocytes in many stages, indicative of asynchronous oocyte development and batch spawning. Ovarian weight, however, was greater in specimens collected in fall months, indicating a peak in spawning.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85021785485","10.1080/13574809.2017.1337497","2018-03-04","The impacts of mandatory design competitions on urban design quality in Sydney, Australia","The pursuit of high-quality urban design through the planning process is made challenging by two key problematics. First, control over the decisions that produce or alter the built environment is differentially distributed across numerous public and private agents. Second, there is little agreement about what ‘good’ urban design is and how it is best pursued. Recognizing this, the focus in this paper is on how these two problematics are being tackled through a unique design control initiative in Sydney, Australia. This initiative requires that all major property developments are subject to a design competition before they can be approved. The paper reports the findings of 41 stakeholder interviews and appraisals of 25 projects completed under these provisions. These findings indicate that mandated design competitions have helped force a general raising of urban design quality by re-distributing decision-making control and enabling a broad but non-prescriptive approach to the regulation of design excellence.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85041480123","10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.01.013","2018-03-15","Reshaping beach morphology by modifying offshore breakwaters","Use of static shore protection structures is often considered an irreversible change toward a decrease in shoreline dynamism, but structures can be modified to make them more compatible with human needs and create a more mobile beach. This concept is documented by comparing changes in shape and volume of the beach and nearshore resulting from modification of emerged, segmented offshore breakwaters to a continuous submerged structure. Emerged, segmented breakwaters were constructed between 1983 and 1987 in Follonica Bay on the Tuscan coast of Italy. The breakwaters created an asymmetric shoreline with beach salients landward of the structures and bays landward of the gaps. Between 2011 and 2013, the breakwaters were removed and the boulders were used to create a continuous submerged breakwater farther offshore, with a wider crest at −0.5 m below mean sea level. The purpose was to achieve better views of the sea and a more equitable beach width alongshore. In the process, natural processes were allowed greater freedom to reshape the beach. The shoreline straightened after alteration, but retreated an average of 12.9 m between 2013 and 2016. This study provides one of the few prototype before-after evaluations of modifying breakwaters to make shorelines function more naturally. The results indicate how human-induced geomorphic changes can occur at the local scale (tens to hundreds of meters alongshore) in response to the perceived needs of local managers, even where the new condition runs counter to the traditional goal of creating a more stable beach for shore protection.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044976039","10.5194/nhess-18-949-2018","2018-03-26","The use of historical information for regional frequency analysis of extreme skew surge","The design of effective coastal protections requires an adequate estimation of the annual occurrence probability of rare events associated with a return period up to 103 years. Regional frequency analysis (RFA) has been proven to be an applicable way to estimate extreme events by sorting regional data into large and spatially distributed datasets. Nowadays, historical data are available to provide new insight on past event estimation. The utilisation of historical information would increase the precision and the reliability of regional extreme's quantile estimation. However, historical data are from significant extreme events that are not recorded by tide gauge. They usually look like isolated data and they are different from continuous data from systematic measurements of tide gauges. This makes the definition of the duration of our observations period complicated. However, the duration of the observation period is crucial for the frequency estimation of extreme occurrences. For this reason, we introduced here the concept of <q>credible duration</q>. The proposed RFA method (hereinafter referenced as FAB, from the name of the authors) allows the use of historical data together with systematic data, which is a result of the use of the credible duration concept.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044167939","10.1007/s10661-018-6619-1","2018-04-01","Effects of hexavalent chromium on phytoplankton and bacterioplankton of the Río de la Plata estuary: an ex-situ assay","We examined the responses of the phytoplankton and the bacterioplankton of the freshwater zone of the Río de la Plata estuary when exposed to an addition of hexavalent chromium (Cr+6). The planktonic community from a coastal site was exposed to a chromium increase of 80 μg L−1 for 72 h in laboratory conditions. The results showed a decrease in the concentration of Cr+6 by 33% in the treatments, along with significant decreases in chlorophyll-a (63%), the chlorophyll-a:pheophytin-a ratio (33%), oxygen production (37%), and in the total density of the phytoplankton (15%). The relative abundance of chlorophytes and diatoms decreased, while the cyanobacteria thrived. Finally, the total bacterial density and the density of viable bacteria decreased. These results show that even small increments in Cr+6 can cause significant effects on the phytoplankton and bacterioplankton, which could potentially affect other trophic levels of the community, risking alterations of the entire ecosystem.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042884033","10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.01.022","2018-04-01","Bridging performance based seismic design with restricted interventions on cultural heritage structures","There is lack of a common approach to assess seismic risk of historic structures and monuments. The challenge of balancing safety with maintenance of architectural and artistic features of historic structures remains a pressing issue. In many cases limitations, stemming from the implementation of interventions on historic structures and monuments that do not comply with internationally accepted guidelines do not allow for heritage structures to fulfill the performance level of new constructions for the required probability within a specific conventional life that is usually defined by seismic codes. Earthquake protection of cultural heritage structures can be realized through a preventive knowledge of the seismic risk in order to plan mitigation strategies and schedule the necessary strengthening measures to reduce vulnerability. Strengthening of cultural heritage structures in order to meet the requirements of contemporary seismic codes often requires invasive interventions that may not be applied because of relevant limitations. This work presents a methodology that leads to interventions balancing the demands of security to seismic hazard with respect for the cultural and archaeological characteristics of the structure. Following the proposed methodology rehabilitation measures are designed for a specific performance level that is associated to a certain nominal life, after which the structure should be re-evaluated. Utilizing attenuation equations, it arrives at a simple to apply procedure and diagrams that can be used to evaluate and design interventions to heritage structures. The application of the method is demonstrated with a historic structure in north-eastern Greece. The analysis shows that after the application of all acceptable interventions the strengthened structure could not fulfill the performance level of a new structure. The proposed methodology allows the determination of the nominal life of the applicable interventions after which structural integrity should be re-examined.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85043231134","10.1017/S1047951117002748","2018-04-01","Prevalence and risk factors associated with non-attendance in neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic among infants with CHD","054 for ≫200 miles). Conclusions The majority of infants with CHD at high risk for neurodevelopmental dysfunction evaluated in this study are not receiving important neurodevelopmental evaluation. Efforts to remove financial/insurance barriers, increase access to neurodevelopmental clinics, and better delineate other barriers to receipt of neurodevelopmental evaluation are needed.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061575047","10.13152/IJRVET.5.1.4","2018-04-01","Who is going to build the wall? A building trades crisis in the U.S.A.","The context of this study was to examine factors contributing to significant workforce shortages in building trades in the United States. As it is, recruitment of qualified skilled trades workers is becoming increasingly difficult due to lack of a pipeline of prospective workers, and training programs. The study assumed a theoretical inquiry approach in order to address the following three main questions: 1) What is the scope of the workforce shortage in skilled and building trades in the US? 2) What factors are recognized as contributors to the building trades workforce shortage in the US? And, 3) What strategies can be implemented to reverse building trades workforce shortages in the US? Findings affirmed that the scope of workforce shortages in skilled and building (construction) trades in the US is very broad and the impact is rather deep. Factors contributing to the shortage include: declines in high school technical education programs, which have been replaced by career academies; misconception that higher education always equal higher income, but the untold story is higher debt associated with pursuing higher education; and stricter immigration laws, which are forcing potential workers out of the US. The study concluded that in order to reverse currently declining workforce trends the following six strategies should be implemented: 1) Make it a national priority, thereby appropriating adequate resources to the effort. 2) Increase the number or women and African Americans in building trades. 3) Expand apprenticeship programs. An expansion of both government and corporate incentives are needed to stimulate an increase in apprenticeships. 4) Reintroduce building and skilled trades programs in secondary and postsecondary schools. Growth in the number of Career Academies, and participation in them has been encouraging, yet there are not enough of them to meet the need. 5) Re-examine guest-worker programs, which are currently cumbersome for employers to participate in, and do not allow for anywhere close to the number of workers needed to meet workforce needs. 6) Change marketing of building trades from menial to meaningful. Many young people simply do not know that they can make a comfortable living from a career in skilled trades. They have been taught that at least a bachelor's degree is needed in order to have a successful career. This narrative has to be revised in order to create a pipeline of prospective skilled trades employees for the future.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85045653348","10.1080/00020184.2018.1452859","2018-04-03","The political role of ‘cultural entrepreneurs’ in Kenya: Claiming recognition through the memorialisation of Koitalel Samoei and Nandi heritage","Since 2010, negotiations surrounding the political interpretation of the past in Kenya are taking place within a new constitutional framework. With the implementation of devolution supposed to be at the core of democratisation, socioeconomic and political claims at a county level are increasingly taking shape on an ethno-cultural basis, nurtured by communities’ long-term constructions of memory. Under the guise of preserving and promoting cultural heritage, this article argues that the contemporary emergence of community museums in Kenya illustrates the growing salience of ethnic identities in the political sphere, used as a resource and a category of action both by the state and cultural entrepreneurs. By occupying an intermediary position in negotiations and public decision-making and using a new kind of capital–cultural heritage and its conservation–the latter strengthen their position both as ‘entrepreneurs of themselves’ and ‘entrepreneurs of a collective memory’ or ‘we-entrepreneurs’, here understood as a set of representations of the past shared by a social group. The article will discuss not only what politics do to museums but also how museums impact on political dynamics, drawing on research that centred on a case study of an ethnographic community museum and a mausoleum dedicated to Nandi culture and the ‘hero’ Koitalel Samoei in the Northern Rift Valley. By focusing on the role played by these new cultural actors in the (re)writing of local history, this article explores the use of cultural heritage in the reconfiguration of political competition and the making of land claims at a grassroots level in contemporary Kenya.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85045052045","10.1186/s40249-018-0414-7","2018-04-09","Snail-borne parasitic diseases: An update on global epidemiological distribution, transmission interruption and control methods","Background: Snail-borne parasitic diseases, such as angiostrongyliasis, clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, fasciolopsiasis, opisthorchiasis, paragonimiasis and schistosomiasis, pose risks to human health and cause major socioeconomic problems in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. In this review we summarize the core roles of snails in the life cycles of the parasites they host, their clinical manifestations and disease distributions, as well as snail control methods. Main body: Snails have four roles in the life cycles of the parasites they host: as an intermediate host infected by the first-stage larvae, as the only intermediate host infected by miracidia, as the first intermediate host that ingests the parasite eggs are ingested, and as the first intermediate host penetrated by miracidia with or without the second intermediate host being an aquatic animal. Snail-borne parasitic diseases target many organs, such as the lungs, liver, biliary tract, intestines, brain and kidneys, leading to overactive immune responses, cancers, organ failure, infertility and even death. Developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America have the highest incidences of these diseases, while some endemic parasites have developed into worldwide epidemics through the global spread of snails. Physical, chemical and biological methods have been introduced to control the host snail populations to prevent disease. Conclusions: In this review, we summarize the roles of snails in the life cycles of the parasites they host, the worldwide distribution of parasite-transmitting snails, the epidemiology and pathogenesis of snail-transmitted parasitic diseases, and the existing snail control measures, which will contribute to further understanding the snail-parasite relationship and new strategies for controlling snail-borne parasitic diseases.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042389505","10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.135","2018-04-20","Cost of quality and process model: Improving accounting tools for attaining higher environmental efficiency","The article, based on a case study of pig farming in France, examines water and air pollution, and finds that, in a traditional system of allocating costs, individual socio-economic actors would shoulder higher repair or restoration costs instead of prevention costs. It shows the importance of prevention for a higher environmental efficiency and adopts a broader view than just the individual economic actor, utilising a process model covering an entire chain of pollution costs (including different stakeholders’ objectives and cost structures), beginning with natural resource degradation as an input and ending with the output delivered to “end users” (stakeholders who endure pollution effects). This article suggests a methodological framework that allows a rapprochement between socio-economic actors – those polluting and others, suffering pollution in a more economically efficient manner: Cost of quality (CQ) and process model concepts can be used for public decision-making, supplanting standard welfare economics approaches. It is demonstrated here that those concepts can establish a concise and realistic economic basis for natural resource management, and enable better decision-making on efficient investment in environmental protection.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85042564501","10.1002/ejhf.1146","2018-05-01","Treatment with insulin is associated with worse outcome in patients with chronic heart failure and diabetes"," European Journal of Heart Failure 53). Conclusions: Whether insulin use is associated with poor outcomes in HF should be investigated further with controlled trials, as should the possibility that there may be safer alternative glucose-lowering treatments for patients with HF and type 2 diabetes mellitus.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85040099393","10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.12.045","2018-05-01","The exploration of the life-cycle energy saving potential for using prefabrication in residential buildings in China","China's rapid urbanization along with the development of the modern economy is certain to result in a long-standing and substantial energy demand in the entire society. Therefore, industrialization in building construction is a vital strategy for alleviating adverse environmental burdens and accelerating urbanization with the current construction practice. An integrated method was employed to evaluate the life cycle energy performance of prefabricated buildings, using the process-based hybrid life cycle assessment and scenario-based energy simulation as the underlying methods. Results revealed the less obvious energy reduction potential of prefabricated buildings during the embodied phase. During the building operation phase, the scenario and comparative analyses from a life-cycle perspective indicate that prefabrication generates environmental gains by providing enhanced thermal performance. A regional level policy analysis reveals the backwards status quo of the precast construction in Northern and Western China. Given the significance of using prefabrication in building energy conservation, it is quite urgent and necessary to establish a mature construction market with highly evolved industrialization in these “backward” regions.",,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85047206026","10.1017/S0890060417000452","2018-05-01","Generic grammars for design domains","Shape grammars have been developed to codify a specific type of artifact - Queen Anne houses, Buffalo bungalows - or the style of a particular designer - Andrea Palladio, Frank Lloyd Wright, or Álvaro Siza Vieira. However, these specific grammars fail to encode recurrent design moves or features that are above the particularities of a specific design style or the idiosyncrasies of a specific designer and, therefore, are common to a larger category of designs and maybe reutilized and incorporated in the definition of new, specific design languages. To overcome these limitations, the notion of generic grammars for defining design domains is introduced. Its application to the urban design domain is illustrated by showing a generic grammar implementation resulting in a City Information Modeling platform composed of a parametric design interface connected to a geographic database.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048794635","10.1177/1934578x1801300523","2018-05-01","Bentonite as a refining agent in waste cooking oils recycling: Flash point, density and color evaluation","Clarification of waste recycled cooking oil (WCO) is very important in order to refine the intermediate regenerated base resulting from the previous steps. Bentonite has been historically employed as a filling material for oil refining filters due to its easy availability and its cheap price. In the present communication our early results from the filtration of degummed WCO through a pad of bentonite are presented. In particular, the variation of density, flash point and color have been monitored prior and after the filtration process and compared with samples of non-filtered WCO. An early classification of the bentonite employed has been conducted on the basis of FT-IR and XRD measurements.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85046677248","10.5194/soil-4-93-2018","2018-05-03","Effects of golf course management on subsurface soil properties in Iowa","Currently, in the USA and especially in the Midwest region, urban expansion is developing turfgrass landscapes surrounding commercial sites, homes, and recreational areas on soils that have been agriculturally managed for decades. Often, golf courses are at the forefront of conversations concerning anthropogenic environmental impacts as they account for some of the most intensively managed soils in the world. Iowa golf courses provide an ideal location to evaluate whether golf course management is affecting the quality of soils at depth. Our study evaluated how soil properties relating to soil health and resiliency varied with depth at golf courses across Iowa and interpreted relationships of these properties to current golf course management, previous land use, and inherent soil properties. Systematic variation in soil properties including sand content, NO3, and soil organic matter (SOM) were observed with depth at six Iowa golf courses among three landform regions. Variability in sand content was identified between the 20 and 50 cm depth classes at all courses, where sand content decreased by as much as 37 %. Highest concentrations of SOM and NO3 were found in the shallowest soils, whereas total C and P variability was not related to golf course management. Sand content and NO3 were found to be directly related to golf course management, particularly at shallow depths. The effects of golf course management dissipated with depth and deeper soil variations were primarily due to natural geologic conditions. The two abovementioned soil properties were very noticeably altered by golf course management and may directly impact crop productivity, soil health, and water quality, and while NO3 may be altered relatively quickly in soil through natural processes, particle size of the soil may not be altered without extensive mitigation. Iowa golf courses continue to be developed in areas of land use change from historically native prairies and more recently agriculture to urban landscapes. As soils are continually altered by human impacts, it is imperative that we monitor the changes, both physical and chemical, in order to establish management practices that maintain environmental sustainability and productivity.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048456895",,"2018-05-14","#DoctorsToo #ArtsenOok","At the end of 2017, the worldwide spread of the #MeToo symbol clearly showed the extent of sexual harassment in both the public domain and the workplace. In healthcare too, it is known that some doctors have unwanted sexual contact with their patients and with young doctors in training. In the opinion of the authors, measures taken against sexual harassment in healthcare so far do not seem to be very effective. Therefore, we are calling for an intrinsically motivated conscious attitude to recognize the problem as a professional risk and to strive for a professional approach that extends over the entire medical career. The professional associations should take the lead in this.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048865482","10.1109/FMEC.2018.8364062","2018-05-23","Real-time optimized HVAC control system on top of an IoT framework","Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems consume a significant portion of energy within corporate buildings, mainly due to the lack of stringent monitoring which results in compromising either energy efficiency or user comfort. We propose a simple optimized HVAC control system that automates the HVAC operation in real-time for an optimal cost-comfort trade-off using optimization techniques and demand response. Our system is built on top of an IoT (Internet of Things) framework, where thermal parameters from sensors and user feedback information are collected for real-time processing in our distributed cloud environment. We utilize a predictive model using time-series forecasting based on Artificial Neural Network, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and optimize the HVAC control problem using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. User feedback is periodically obtained to set the desired temperature dynamically and is also utilized for subjective evaluation of HVAC effectiveness. Our experiments indicate that we achieve 20%-40% reduction in energy consumption (summer) approximately and maintain user thermal comfort consistently.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060763004",,"2018-06-01","The role of private universities in building knowledge society: A case study of private universities in United Arab Emirates","This study examines the role of private universities in building knowledge society in UAE using quantitative approach. We distributed 30 questionnaires to three selected private universities. We found that the association between creating knowledge, storing knowledge, capturing knowledge, faculty resources and infrastructure and knowledge sharing are positively strengthened sustainability of higher education to build knowledge community in UAE. The creating knowledge, storing knowledge, capturing knowledge, faculty resources and infrastructure and knowledge sharing are significant variables in explaining building knowledge community in UAE due to their positive interconnectivity. We suggest that education sector managers should extend the quality enhancement scope to student satisfaction because satisfaction of student is highly essential in sustaining private universities to compete within and outside the system since part of the objectives of knowledge economy is to provide a quality educational services that will arrest the attention of students residing in UAE and abroad. HEIs should improve overall service for a longterm revenue generation. To meet the international standards of education, special attention is required to upgrade infrastructure and other allied facilities, as well as to improve the communication skills of the students, to establish efficient quality enhancement cells and job placement cells, and to arrange industrial visits and study tours to enhance practical skills of the students.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044819093","10.1007/s13412-018-0471-z","2018-06-01","From appropriate technology to the clean energy economy: renewable energy and environmental politics since the 1970s","Although many people think of the current transition to a lower carbon economy as a process that has just begun, this movement has historical roots. This paper examines how different ideological and political frameworks shaped the development of renewable technologies in the USA since the energy crises of the 1970s. Public discourse about renewable energy embodied conflicting ideas about how to manage natural resources and different plans for distributing political power in society. Questions about the appropriate role of government in shaping energy futures also influenced the politics of renewable technologies. Illuminating the hidden ideological and political dynamics that surrounded energy policy in this formative era helps us to see the barriers involved in our current energy transition as part of a broader historical continuum. By revealing how different political and environmental goals shaped—and in some ways limited—the transition away from fossil fuels in the late twentieth century, this research demonstrates the importance of history for thinking about current sustainability challenges.",,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044627001","10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.014","2018-06-01","Bio-based plastics - A review of environmental, social and economic impact assessments","Bio-based plastics show an evolving market and application range and therefore have become increasingly popular in research and economy. The limitation of fossil resources as well as linked environmental issues have led to the development of an innovative bioeconomy and also triggered the shift from fossil-based plastics to bio-based plastics. The original motivation for this study was to propose a comprehensive approach to calculate the sustainability performance of bio-based plastics on a global scale. To provide a calculative basis, a review on available data from life cycle assessment (LCA), social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) studies on bio-based plastics was carried out and showed limited availability of quantifiable results with regard to the social and economic performance of bio-based plastics. In environmental LCA, with the ISO-family and related documents, a group of harmonized standards and approaches does exist. However, missing practical and consented guidelines hamper the comparability of studies and the exploitability of data - not only within the bio-based plastic sector but also in comparison to the fossil-based counterparts. Therefore, a calculation for the global sustainability performance of bio-based plastics was merely conducted for the environmental impact category global warming potential. Taking the technical substitution potential of fossil-based with bio-based plastics as well as limitations in data availability into account the estimation was performed for a substitution of approximately two-thirds of the global plastic demand. The results show, that bio-based plastics could potentially save 241 to 316 Mio. t of CO2-eq. annually. Thereby this study gives a first outlook how bio-based plastics could contribute to a sustainable development, making benefits and drawbacks more tangible.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044078264","10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000432","2018-06-01","Development of level of service criteria for evaluation of bicycle suitability","A bicycle is one of the key modes of transport in small Indian cities, where two-thirds of all trips are made by either bicycle or by walking. Despite having a substantial bicycle share, none of these cities have safe bicycle infrastructures. As a result, bicyclists share the road space with various types of motorized traffic, putting them at higher risk. It is thus necessary to evaluate the quality of bicycle travel from the users' perspective and develop appropriate mitigation measures. To this end, the main objective of this paper is to develop a tool to evaluate the quality of bicycling at roadway segments with respect to several roadway-related physical and functional characteristics and land use. For the stated purpose, user perception on bicycle suitability was collected using a six-point Likert scale in several homogeneous roadway segments in Kharagpur, a small Indian city. Subsequently, bicyclist perceived level of service (LOS) criteria were developed by formulating Ordered-Probit (OP) models, which can capture the ordered nature of the dependent variable (perceived bicycle LOS of a segment). Results indicated that among the variables measured in continuous scale, on-street parking (ONP) proportion has the strongest influence on bicyclistperceived LOS followed by motorized volume and the 85th percentile speed of motor vehicles. Among the categorical independent variables, both pavement condition score and land-use type influence the bicyclist-perceived LOS significantly. Subsequently, bicyclist-perceived LOS criteria were also applied to assess bicycle suitability of a set of roadway segments in Kharagpur.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85047074352","10.1177/1532708616674995","2018-06-01","My Chinese Is in a Tiny Box With a Roof, My French and English Vocabulary Are in Boxes With No Roof. The Wind Blows Them Away: Creation and Resistance—Reconceptualizing Learning With Multilingual Children"," Through problematization, multilingualism, multiple literacies, and minority education conceptualize differently.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85039907114","10.4194/1303-2712-v18_6_02","2018-06-01","Gillnet selectivity for ethmalosa fimbriata in Saloum Delta and Joal (Senegal)","48, respectively. Results indicated that using monofilament gillnets with 30 and 32 mm mesh size could have an increasing fishing pressure on juvenile population of E. fimbriata but also the use of 40 mm mesh size could affect most fertile females. For the sustainable conservation of E. fimbriata fishery, it can be suggested to use monofilament gillnet with 36 mm mesh size in Senegalese coastal and estuarine waters.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060197988","10.4018/978-1-5225-3990-2.ch005","2018-06-08","Consumer cooperation in sustainability: The green gap in an emerging market","The planet is under threat. Unless all stakeholders, that is governments, businesses, and consumers, become more environmentally friendly, some predict dire consequences for the earth and all those who inhabit it. While governments and businesses have a role to play, green consumer behavior is vital to the sustainability of the environment. Consumers have been shown to express increasing concern for the environment, but in many studies this concern has been found not to be matched by actions, a phenomenon labelled the green gap. This chapter describes a study that investigated the existence and extent of the green gap amongst a sample of South African adult consumers and sought to determine possible reasons for a lack of green behavior. Recommendations are made to marketers and policy makers to encourage consumer cooperation in environmental sustainability.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048622920","10.3390/w10060800","2018-06-17","Quantification of seasonal precipitation over the upper Chao Phraya River Basin in the past fifty years based on monsoon and El Niño/Southern Oscillation related climate indices","86 for PRB and NRB, respectively. These results suggest that the existing indices are useful for quantifying basin-scale seasonal rainfall, provided a proper classification and combination of the climate indices are introduced. The developed method could forecast seasonal rainfall over the target basins if well-forecasted climate indices are provided with sufficient leading time.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85049152376","10.1002/14651858.CD001031.pub4","2018-06-28","Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: An individual participant data review","25, high-quality evidence), however only two trials followed up participants for more than one year so evidence is limited. The results of this review are applicable mainly to individuals with focal onset seizures; 88% of included individuals experienced seizures of this type at baseline. Up to 50% of the limited number of individuals classified as experiencing generalised onset seizures at baseline may have had their seizure type misclassified, therefore we recommend caution when interpreting the results of this review for individuals with generalised onset seizures. The most commonly reported adverse events for both of the drugs across all of the included trials were dizziness, fatigue, gastrointestinal disturbances, headache and skin problems. The rate of adverse events was similar across the two drugs. The methodological quality of the included trials was generally good, however there is some evidence that the design choice of masked or open-label treatment may have influenced the treatment failure and withdrawal rates of the trials. Hence, we judged the quality of the evidence for the primary outcome of treatment failure to be moderate for individuals with focal onset seizures and low for individuals with generalised onset seizures. For efficacy outcomes (first seizure, remission), we judged the quality of evidence to be high for individuals with focal onset seizures and moderate for individuals with generalised onset seizures. Authors' conclusions: Moderate quality evidence indicates that treatment failure for any reason related to treatment or due to adverse events occurs significantly earlier on carbamazepine than lamotrigine, but the results for time to first seizure suggested that carbamazepine may be superior in terms of seizure control. The choice between these first-line treatments must be made with careful consideration. We recommend that future trials should be designed to the highest quality possible with consideration of masking, choice of population, classification of seizure type, duration of follow-up, choice of outcomes and analysis, and presentation of results.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85022074422","10.1007/s11205-017-1681-6","2018-07-01","Integrating BP and MGWR-SL Model to Estimate Village-Level Poor Population: An Experimental Study from Qianjiang, China","Spatially-explicit, fine-scale mapping of poor population distribution at a village level is a necessary prerequisite for developing precise anti-poverty strategies in rural China. To address the data missing of poor population at a village scale, we proposed a modeling methodology from the perspective of spatial poverty, integrating BP and MGWR-SL (Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression model with Spatially Lagged dependent variable) that correspond to population estimation and poverty incidence estimation, respectively, to explore a more accurate and detailed village-level poor population distribution. Furthermore, we justified the accuracy, reliability, and scale effects of the model by using GIS spatial analysis and cross-validation. From the case test, we found that, the proposed model could characterize poor population distribution more accurately than other existing methods, resulting in that the errors of both population spatialization and poverty incidence for each village are less than 5% at a 500 * 500 m grid scale. It can also be inferred that the spatialization of socioeconomic data at a fine scale should take into full account of spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation for both dependent and independent variables, so as to improve the modeling accuracy. This study may provide a perspective for better understanding the detailed and accurate poverty status of data–scarce village in poverty-stricken rural areas, and serves as a scientific reference regarding decision-making in both promoting “entire-village advancement” anti-poverty harmonious development and constructing the new countryside of China.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85039452721","10.1016/j.jimonfin.2017.11.007","2018-07-01","The impact of inequality on the transmission of monetary policy","We consider a model to detect the relation between household debt and the transmission of monetary policy in an EU Member State with independent monetary policy and high income inequality (Romania). We find that households response to changes in monetary conditions depends on their income and indebtedness profile. The transmission of monetary policy is more effective for middle income households, which are more indebted and have adjustable rates, as lower policy rates ease the consumption constraints on these households. Low income households respond mainly to budgetary policies, as the increase in disposable income matters most for the bottom quintile. Top income quintile reacts more to monetary policy than bottom quintile, but less than middle income quintiles. Lower inequality is associated with stronger effectiveness and higher homogeneity of monetary policy transmission; in turn, higher inequality is associated with less effectiveness and higher heterogeneity of the impact of the monetary policy.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85045311308","10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2818286","2018-07-01","A Bayesian space-time hierarchical model for remotely sensed lattice data based on multiscale homogeneous statistical units","The Bayesian hierarchical model has the outstanding capacity to combine prior knowledge with observations, as well as to generate rich spatiotemporal patterns. However, this advanced method has limited use in remotely sensed lattice data applications due to the large computational burden and unreasonable statistical inferences based on statistical units with a fixed scale. This paper presents a multiscale spatial homogeneous subdivision method and develops a Bayesian space-time hierarchical model (BSTHM) for remotely sensed lattice data. This can solve the above-mentioned limitations by constructing multiscale spatial homogeneous units with good statistical properties. The quantitative criteria for subdivision are provided. The outcome of the BSTHM is not only more reasonable in theory but also much easier to interpret; meanwhile, the computational efficiency is also considerably improved. This novel approach and its merits are illustrated by a case study that examines the spatiotemporal variation of PM2.5 pollution in Asia from 2000 to 2014 using remotely sensed data describing PM2.5 annual mean concentrations. Overall spatial pattern, common time trend, and local variation trend were decomposed and quantificationally estimated from an intricate spatiotemporal process.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85058412842","10.1590/s0004-2803.201800000-59","2018-07-01","Pancreatic cancer in Brazil: Mortality trends and projections until 2029 Câncer pancreático no Brasil: Tendências e projeções da mortalidade até 2029","81 deaths/100,000 women. The highest rates were registered for the Midwest region, for both genders. Projections indicated that for the five-year period 2025-2029 there will be increased mortality rates for men in the Northeast and Midwest regions. Joinpoint analysis for Brazil did not reveal significant increases for women (APC=0.4%; 95% CI:-0.2; 1.0), however, there was a significant increasing mortality trend for men (APC= 3.7%; 95% CI: 0.6-7.0) in the period 2000-2004, followed by a stable period, an then another period of significant increases after 2010. These figures are mostly explained by variations in the Brazilian demographic structure. Conclusion – Pancreatic cancer mortality is unequally distributed across Brazilian regions and genders, and during the next two decades the differences will be accentuated.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048727720","10.1080/00131725.2018.1457120","2018-07-03","Using Innovative Pedagogy to Connect School and Community for Democratic Impact"," The program encourages educational innovations that connect public education with 21st-century skills.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85044926933","10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.03.042","2018-07-05","Efficient extraction of uranium from aqueous solution using an amino-functionalized magnetic titanate nanotubes","89 mg-U/g-adsorbent at pH 6. From an investigation of the adsorption by XRD, FTIR and XPS, it is suggested that the surface complexation and cation exchange were the main adsorption mechanism. In addition, TNTs/CoFe 2 O 4 /TEPA composites maintained good adsorption properties after five sorption-desorption cycles. Therefore, we conclude that the adsorbents are promising materials for the removal of uranium (VI) from aqueous solutions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051843916","10.1088/1755-1315/170/4/042001","2018-07-17","Research on China's Electricity Demand in 2017 and 2018","Based on the bottom-up modeling approach, this paper establishes a electricity demand forecasting model covering primary industry, secondary industry, tertiary industry, residential consumption and key sub-industries by using the method of sectoral analysis. The forecasting model can provide a scientific measure for determining the trend of China's electricity demand in 2017 and 2018. The forecast results show that China's economy will grow steadily in 2017, GDP growth rate is estimated to be about 6.8%, and total electricity demand is estimated to be 6354 TWh with a growth rate of 6.3%. The contribution rates of three industries and residential electricity demand will be 2.3%, 55.7%, 22.7% and 19.3%. In 2018, China's economy will remain stable with an estimated GDP growth rate of 6.7%, total electricity demand will be 6674 TWh with a growth rate of 5.0%. The contribution rates of the three industries and residential electricity demand will be 2.6%, 57.6%, 22.8% and 17.0% respectively.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85050206445","10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.0630","2018-07-31","Extended multi-energy demand response scheme for industrial integrated energy system","With the development of energy internet technology and smart power distribution & utilisation technology, multiparty interaction based on the complementarity of multi-energy demand has become an alternative solution to avoiding power shortage and improving comprehensive energy efficiency. The industrial integrated energy system with CCHP (combined cooling heating and power) as a generation source of heating and cooling energy is studied. Based on the traditional electrical demand response (DR) mechanism, the demand for electricity, heating and cooling is incorporated in the scope of generalised demand side resources. Considering the difference on price, demand and supply characteristics of multiple energy resources, the multi-energy-based DR scheme and the corresponding optimisation model are established to minimise dispatching expenses and improve the interaction between electricity companies, CCHP and industrial consumers. The numerical analysis shows that the proposed scheme could effectively engage CCHPs and consumers in multi-energy interaction, and the overall expenses can be significantly reduced.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051535489","10.1007/s12583-018-0793-5","2018-08-01","Paleoecological Response of Corals to the End-Triassic Mass Extinction: An Integrational Analysis","The end-Triassic (also Triassic-Jurassic) mass extinction severely affected life on planet Earth 200 million years ago. Paleoclimate change triggered by the volcanic eruptions of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) caused a great loss of marine biodiversity, among which 96% coral genera were get lost. However, there is precious little detail on the paleoecology and growth forms lost between the latest Triassic extinction and the Early Jurassic recovery. Here a new pilot study was conducted by analyzing corallite integration levels among corals from the latest Triassic and Early Jurassic times. Integration levels in corals from the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic were determined through both the Paleobiology Database as well as from a comprehensive museum collection of fossil corals. Results suggest that in addition to a major loss of diversity following the end-Triassic mass extinction, there also was a significant loss of highly integrated corals as clearly evidenced by the coral data from the Early Jurassic. This confirms our hypothesis of paleoecological selectivity for corals following the end-Triassic mass extinction. This study highlights the importance of assigning simple to advanced paleoecological characters with integration levels, which opens a useful approach to understanding of mass extinction and the dynamics of the recovery.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85045212095","10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.03.019","2018-08-01","Towards an operational methodology to optimize ecosystem services provided by urban soils","Urban soils need to be taken into account by city managers to tackle the major urban environmental issues. As other soils in forest or agricultural environments, urban soils provide a wide range of ecosystem services. However, their contribution remains poorly assessed up to now, and as a result there is a strong lack of consideration by urban planning of the services they provide. Indeed, urban soils are mostly seen as a land surface (land area, two-dimensional system) and if they are characterized, it is almost exclusively for their potential contamination and their geotechnical properties. So, policy makers and planning operators rarely consider soils as a living resource, capable to fulfill essential functions. From the conclusions of previous studies, a selection of ecosystem services provided by soil and adapted to the specificity of urban context is proposed. This paper also aims at proposing the concept of the DESTISOL decision support system for urban planning projects upstream of the planning decisions, illustrated by an application example. It is based on an integrative approach linking soil quality indicators (e.g. physico-chemical and biological characteristics, fertility, pollution), soil functions and soil ecosystem services. The method leads to the semi-quantitative assessment of the level of ecosystem services that are either provided by urban soils or required to fit with the urban design.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070366099","10.1109/MCSI.2018.00013","2018-08-01","Multilevel Predictive Control System for an Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Process","This paper deals with multilevel (hierarchical) control and optimization of a conventional Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). A multilevel system to control the plant operation that satisfies the effluent water quality requirements and increases the plant energy efficiency is described. The first level contains the basic process control loops and the second level, the optimization level, provides optimal setpoint values for the first level control loops based on the Extended Prediction Self-Adaptive Control (EPSAC) method. The proposed control strategy was investigated and evaluated by performing simulations and analyzing the results. Both the set point tracking and the regulatory performances have been tested.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85049758570","10.23736/S0021-9509.18.10412-5","2018-08-01","Total endovascular arch repair is the procedure of the future","Introduction: This study evaluates the current experience on endovascular repair of the aortic arch pathologies, the feasibility and safety of the procedure. eVideNCe aCQuisiTioN: a systematic review was performed. MedliNe, CeNTral, and Cochrane databases were searched with PrisMa methodology for published studies reporting on endovascular repair of aortic arch pathologies from 2000 to 2018. eVideNCe syNThesis: Thirteen non-randomized retrospective studies (either single or multicenter), two multicenter Registries and one multicenter non-randomized interventional study were included in the systematic review. The total number of patients who underwent total endovascular repair of the aortic arch pathology with either fenestrated, branched, or a combination of those devices or chimney technique was 952 patients (73%; 634/872 males, mean age ranging from 51 to 78 years). The technical success rate was 96.7% (921/952), while the 30-day mortality rate was 3.3% (32/952). The most common adverse events were endoleak type I (13.5%; 35/259), stroke (5.1%; 49/952), spinal cord ischemia (1.4%; 14/952) and retrograde dissection (1%; 8/952). During the follow-up period (mean ranging: 16.9 to 41.4 months; median rang-mean ranging: 16.9 to 41.4 months; median ranging: 9 to 44.8 months) the total number of deaths was 31 (4.4%; 31/693). The total loss of supra-aortic vessel patency rate was 1.7% (14/803) and a re-intervention was needed in 50 patients (9%; 50/559; 11 open conversion). CoNClusioNs: endovascular repair of aortic arch pathologies is a feasible treatment option with good early and reasonable mid-term outcomes. This treatment modality approaches a level of maturity and may be considered as a solid alternative method of treatment.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051395313","10.3354/meps12697","2018-08-09","Ecosystem metabolism of benthic and pelagic zones of a shallow productive estuary: Spatio-temporal variability","26 mg O2 m−2 d−1) at the deeper muddy site. Detailed studies along depth gradients further confirmed the role of eelgrass as a key driver of spatial differences in ecosystem metabolism across the estuary. Strong northerly winds (>8 m s−1) caused short-term (<24 h) periods of similar oxygen dynamics and similar apparent productivity in shallow and deeper waters, indicative of efficient lateral mixing, while calm periods (<4 m s−1) enabled formation of ‘pockets’, i.e. water masses with limited connectivity, which exacerbated the metabolic differences between shallow and deep sites.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85047079603","10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.087","2018-08-20","Wood-based composite made of wood waste and epoxy based ink-waste as adhesive: A cleaner production alternative","80 g/cm³), 30–40% epoxy based ink-waste adhesive and 50–100% Teak wood particles. In most of the cases, the evaluated properties were superior to the compared requirements available at Standard Codes. Finally, it was developed an environmental performance of the particleboards based on a simplified Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, and results highlighted some positive environmental aspects as well as social-economic benefits, especially for suppliers of wood waste and resin epoxy residues, and also due to minimization of air releases of free formaldehyde and energy consumption in the production of panels.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055687748",,"2018-09-01","Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance of non-oil exporting SMEs in Lagos State, Nigeria","Evidences abound on the importance of entrepreneurship and its orientation on the development of economy of the world. It has been established by literature that to keep growing especially in a developing economy like Nigeria, SMEs are key factors due to their resilience attitude propelled by their orientations. This study therefore assessed how the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) (innovativeness, risk-taking and pro-activeness) influenced the performance of exporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos State Nigeria. It adopted a Descriptive research design via the structured survey instrument-questionnaire administered to a sample of 134 exporters handling non-oil export in medium and low-technology manufacture industries, mechanised agriculture and as suppliers of merchandise. The data collected were analysed using regression analysis with aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23). The result of the descriptive data imply that entrepreneurial orientation works better when all the features are put to use as a whole than as individual, then the contributions will have greater impact on the performance of the firm. However, their innovativeness was low. Therefore, entrepreneurial innovativeness should be encouraged and enhanced by improving the domestic and foreign technological networking for competitive innovations in the foreign markets. Besides, entrepreneurship education should be promoted to permeate the socio-economic environment with attributes necessary for sustainable growth, the export production base should be upgraded technologically to enhance innovativeness, as well as stable and positive trade policies and regulations among other factors should be entrenched in the system to improve the socio-economic environment stressor.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051298102","10.1007/s11936-018-0656-5","2018-09-01","Specialized Care for Women: the Impact of Women’s Heart Centers","Purpose of the review: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been and remains the leading cause of mortality in women in the United States. For decades, more women died every year of CVD compared to men. Heart centers for women (HCW) are developed in response to the need for greater patient and physician awareness of CVD in women and to conduct sex-specific research in women. Today, many HCW provide multispecialty and focused areas of cardiovascular care for women. HCW provide their female patients with expertise over the many stages of a woman’s life. And HCW partner with national organizations to advance research and education through specialized and focused care for women. The purpose of this review is to review the historical development of heart centers for women and discuss the types of care they provide for women. Recent findings: Mortality rates from cardiovascular disease in women are finally reaching the levels of men after decades of focus on awareness, prevention, and evidence-based guideline-directed care for women. Summary: Heart centers for women have evolved to provide subspecialty and comprehensive care for women that includes education and research. Heart centers for women are partnering with many other disease-based and patient advocacy organizations to provide care for all women at all stages of life. Alarmingly, there has been increasing CVD mortality in both men and women recently.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048495446","10.1016/j.gr.2018.05.003","2018-09-01","Ridge subduction and slab windows in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Tectonic implications for the evolution of an accretionary orogen"," The dikes provide the best evidence so far for the orientation and opening of a slab window in the CAOB, and for the relative movement directions of the downgoing and overriding plates during the subduction and closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. However, these are early days, because most parts of the CAOB have yet to be investigated for evidence of ridge subduction and slab windows, so the prospects are high.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85041923719","10.1017/S0376892918000073","2018-09-01","Erratum: Using a qualitative model to explore the impacts of ecosystem and anthropogenic drivers upon declining marine survival in Pacific salmon (Environmental Conservation (2017) DOI: 10.1017/S0376892917000509)","In the article above the Figure 1 caption is incorrect. Line 10 should read .. sockeye, right). Two abnormally..  Cambridge University Press apologises for this error.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85050233027","10.1177/0734242X18785727","2018-09-01","Stocks and environmental release of mercury in backlight cold cathode fluorescence lamps","Cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs), with mercury as their essential component, were widely used as backlight in liquid crystal display (LCD) appliances before 2008. Since 2008, the mercury-free light emitting diode started to be used as a substitute for CCFLs and the replacement finished in about 2014. Nowadays, CCFLs are obsolete products from the viewpoint of manufacture but they are important as waste. In recent years, large amounts of CCFLs are flowing to waste phase for treatment and this has become a major issue in most countries. To better understand and control the risk of CCFLs, the stock of mercury in CCFLs, its flow to waste phase and mercury emission with the life cycle of CCFLs in mainland China were estimated in this study. Results showed that there was 15.2 tons of mercury stocked in CCFLs in main LCD appliances (i.e., LCD televisions, LCD monitors, and laptop monitors) from 2003–2015. CCFLs and mercury started to flow to waste phase around the year 2007 and will likely peak in 2018 with an annual flow of 324.8 million units and 1.5 tons respectively, then will likely decline dramatically till 2030. Dismantling and production were the two main life stages of CCFLs with mercury vapor release, during which approximately 2.1 tons and 1.2 tons of mercury were released to the atmosphere respectively. The research also indicates that mercury recycling in specialized facilities was another life stage with high mercury emission risk in which the processes of shredding, separation, and residue disposal are inevitably accompanied by mercury release.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057549230","10.3390/educsci8030144","2018-09-01","Early childhood science and engineering: Engaging platforms for fostering domain-general learning skills","Early childhood science and engineering education offer a prime context to foster approaches-to-learning (ATL) and executive functioning (EF) by eliciting children’s natural curiosity about the world, providing a unique opportunity to engage children in hands-on learning experiences that promote critical thinking, problem solving, collaboration, persistence, and other adaptive domain-general learning skills. Indeed, in any science experiment or engineering problem, children make observations, engage in collaborative conversations with teachers and peers, and think flexibly to come up with predictions or potential solutions to their problem. Inherent to science and engineering is the idea that one learns from initial failures within an iterative trial-and-error process where children practice risk-taking, persistence, tolerance for frustration, and sustaining focus. Unfortunately, science and engineering instruction is typically absent from early childhood classrooms, and particularly so in programs that serve children from low-income families. However, our early science and engineering intervention research shows teachers how to build science and engineering instruction into activities that are already happening in their classrooms, which boosts their confidence and removes some of the stigma around science and engineering. In this paper, we discuss the promise of research that uses early childhood science and engineering experiences as engaging, hands-on, interactive platforms to instill ATL and EF in young children living below the poverty line. We propose that early childhood science and engineering offer a central theme that captures children’s attention and allows for integrated instruction across domain-general (ATL, EF, and social–emotional) and domain-specific (e.g., language, literacy, mathematics, and science) content, allowing for contextualized experiences that make learning more meaningful and captivating for children.",1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053815341","10.1080/16070658.2017.1388559","2018-09-05","Migration related malnutrition among war-instigated refugee children in the northern part of Cameroon","Migration is interwoven with the problems of health and nutrition. When people migrate, they are still in need of the most basic human needs including nutrition and health care. These two again are inter-related since they affect one another. The quality of nutrition which an individual receives has a lot to play on his/her health. This paper seeks to discuss the malnourished situation of the children of refugees and internally displaced persons in the northern part of Cameroon resulting from Boko Haram insurgencies in boarder countries (Nigeria in particular) and within Cameroon itself. The study also shows that the number of refugees in the Northern part of Cameroon has been on a progressive increase since 2013. The most alarming aspect of the presence of these refugees driven out of their homes by Boko Haram attacks is the large number of children who suffer from severe acute malnutrition.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85052670054","10.1113/JP276228","2018-09-15","Prior exercise training improves cold tolerance independent of indices associated with non-shivering thermogenesis"," The Journal of Physiology  We speculate that the protection against cold-induced reductions in rectal temperature could potentially be linked to exercise-induced alterations in skeletal muscle.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85054224078","10.1186/s12992-018-0415-0","2018-09-29","Sharing public health data and information across borders: Lessons from Southeast Asia 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services","Background: The importance of data and information sharing for the prevention and control of infectious diseases has long been recognised. In recent years, public health emergencies such as avian influenza, drug-resistant malaria, and Ebola have brought renewed attention to the need for effective communication channels between health authorities, particularly in regional contexts where neighbouring countries share common health threats. However, little empirical research has been conducted to date to explore the range of factors that may affect the transfer, exchange, and use of public health data and expertise across borders, especially in developing contexts. Methods: To explore these issues, 60 interviews were conducted with domestic and international stakeholders in Cambodia and Vietnam, selected amongst those who were involved in regional public health programmes and networks. Data analysis was structured around three categories mapped across the dataset: (1) the nature of shared data and information; (2) the nature of communication channels; and (3) how information flow may be affected by the local, regional, and global system of rules and arrangements. Results: There has been a great intensification in the circulation of data, information, and expertise across borders in Southeast Asia. However, findings from this study document ways in which the movement of data and information from production sites to other places can be challenging due to different standards and practices, language barriers, different national structures and rules that govern the circulation of health information inside and outside countries, imbalances in capacities and power, and sustainability of financing arrangements. Conclusions: Our study highlights the complex socio-technical nature of data and information sharing, suggesting that best practices require significant involvement of an independent third-party brokering organisation or office, which can redress imbalances between country partners at different levels in the data sharing process, create meaningful communication channels and make the most of shared information and data sets.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85051501164","10.1007/s11523-018-0585-y","2018-10-01","Treatment of Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Current Therapeutic Options and Novel Immunotherapy Approaches","Advanced Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a very aggressive, rare neuroendocrine tumor of the skin with a high frequency of locoregional recurrence and metastasis, and a high mortality rate. Surgical resection, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and radiotherapy represent the gold standard of treatment in patients with localized disease, while chemotherapy has a significant role in the treatment of advanced disease. However, no definitive evidence on the survival impact of radiotherapy in the advanced stages has been provided to date, and response to chemotherapy remains brief in the majority of cases, indicating an urgent need for alternative approaches. Biological and genome sequencing studies have implicated multiple molecular pathways in MCC, thus leading to the development of new agents that target angiogenic factors, anti-apoptosis molecules, poly-ADP ribose polymerase, intracellular signal proteins such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and peptide receptors such as somatostatin receptors. More recently, immunotherapy agents such as avelumab, pembrolizumab, and nivolumab, which act by blocking the programmed cell-death (PD)-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint, have shown promising results, especially in the advanced setting, and should now be considered standard of care for metastatic MCC. Current research is focusing on developing new immunotherapeutic strategies, identifying predictive biomarker to aid in the selection of patients responsive to immunotherapy, and defining combination approaches to increase efficacy in refractory patients.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055349327","10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00878","2018-10-01","Energy efficiency as a driver of total primary energy supply in the EU-28 countries – incremental decomposition analysis"," Differences between the countries are significant.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85054793097","10.1017/S0010417518000336","2018-10-01","Actually-existing success: Economics, aesthetics, and the specificity of (still-)socialist urbanism","A quarter century following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the people's democracies, many of the dwellings, utilities, and public spaces built by these regimes continue to be cherished by their inhabitants and users. This has only increased as post-socialist urban landscapes undergo an ever-intensifying process of neoliberal re-privatization, de-planning, and spatial as well as economic stratification. Scholars, however, continue to produce accounts emphasizing how socialist cities and buildings, as well as the audacious social goals built into them, failed. This article provides a critical overview of recent literature on built socialism and identifies a tension between two parallel ethnographic and historical narratives. One argues that built socialism failed, because it was too obsessed with the economy and industry and neglected every other aspect of social life. The other pins the blame for failure on built socialism's alleged fixation with aesthetic or discursive realms and its corresponding neglect of the economy. The article closes by suggesting pathways for comparative scholarship that consider built socialism in terms of not only collapse and disintegration, but also success and endurance; not simply of either economy or aesthetics, but also of their reciprocal inter-determination and co-dependence. We must look beyond the lens of imported theories and consider vernacular or emic concepts rooted in the specificities and singularities of the socialist city itself.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85048820792","10.1177/0193723518781230","2018-10-01","Action Sports, the Olympic Games, and the Opportunities and Challenges for Gender Equity: The Cases of Surfing and Skateboarding","Commentators have suggested that action sports have provided space for more progressive gendered power relations than many more traditional, institutionalized sex-segregated sports. However, as action sports become institutionalized via Olympic inclusion, what are the potential opportunities and challenges for girls and women as both athletes and industry leaders? Drawing on interviews with male and female leaders in surfing and skateboarding industries, media and cultures, and an analysis of niche media, we assess the opportunities for women as the sports prepare for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. The two case studies reveal the different struggles and strategies of women in these two sporting cultures, as well as the roles played by men in supporting cultural change. This article contributes to the critical literature assessing the International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) claims to provide opportunities for diverse groups of women and, more widely, the challenges in establishing effective policies to “empower” girls and women in and through sport.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85058848170","10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00207.4","2018-10-01","An autopsy profile of bony, visceral and organ injuries in fatal road traffic accident in South India","Road Traffic Accidents constitute the leading cause of unnatural deaths. This study was conducted with an objective to determine patterns of bony, visceral and organ injuries in fatal road traffic accidents brought for medico legal autopsy at tertiary teaching hospital in South India. The cases were commonly seen in age group 41-50 years and in males. Skull and brain was the most common skeletal and organ injured respectively.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85046040834","10.1108/EJIM-09-2017-0115","2018-10-08","The structural characteristics of innovation ecosystem: a fashion case","Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence of open innovation mechanism specific to aesthetic innovation. Prior research have drawn its research attention to technological innovation and focussed on the biopharmaceutical and technological sectors as the main research contexts. Thus, to gain a wider picture of the structural characteristics of innovation ecosystem, this paper aims to complement the existing technological-centred literature and provides understanding of aesthetic innovation by focussing on exploring the role of actors and intermediaries in either facilitating or inhibiting innovation in the creative sector. Design/methodology/approach: This is an exploratory study and the qualitative method was employed. With aim to explore aesthetic innovation in the creative sector, this research grounded its context in the UK designer fashion sector, which is part of the creative industries. Data were collected through a series of semi-structured interviews with respondents being purposely selected so as to ensure representativeness. A wider range of participants within the designer fashion sector was covered. Such multiple-sourced data collection approach allowed this research to triangulate data so that research trustworthiness was enhanced. Findings: The result suggests the role of a broker in beyond traditionally facilitating knowledge exchange. This paper provides empirical evidence regarding the critical role of a broker in shaping the open innovation mechanism when it comes to aesthetic innovation. A broker in fact occupies a strategic position that allows it to negotiate relationships among the connected organisations and thus to govern the interaction mechanism of the innovation ecosystem as a whole. Given the empowered broker in such setting, the relationship between innovation creators and innovation seekers is controlled by a broker, which leads to risk that an innovation creator may not fully appropriate the value that it creates. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of this study is its specific context, that is, the UK designer fashion industry. Such focus limits the scope of generalisation particularly its application to the entire creative sector. Thus, it is suggested that future research may consider to explore other creative industries so that the understanding of the open innovation mechanism from a structural perspective applied to aesthetic innovation can be enhanced. Originality/value: This paper outlines the structural mechanism of open innovation applied to aesthetic innovation. The result contributes to the literature by complementing the findings derived from technology-centred research. Also, empirical evidence of this study is particularly of value to policy makers in the aspect of creative sector development. The suggested implications provide strategies of innovation ecosystem that could benefit individual actors involved in this open innovation setting and ensure prosper of the sector as a whole.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85056545949","10.1109/EEEIC.2018.8494026","2018-10-16","IoT for Smart Residential Buildings","the number of deployed Internet of Things (IoT) systems has increased significantly over the years. Keeping up with the IoT innovation trends is an ongoing challenge which spans in almost all energy related sectors. In this research paper, we present a working model of Internet of Things solution, used to understand user behavior of inhabitants through monitoring of comfort parameters in residential buildings. Moreover, the research is focused on both data collection and integration with available platforms able to process the data. The current paper answers to the necessity of reducing the energy consumption through data analysis and extensive capabilities of connected third-party applications. The IoT experimental model is composed of wireless sensors, connected to the IoT ecosystem enabler.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055657081","10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02074","2018-10-29","Are California elementary school test scores more strongly associated with urban trees than poverty?","Unprecedented rates of urbanization are changing our understanding of the ways in which children build connections to the natural world, including the importance of educational settings in affecting this relationship. In addition to influencing human-nature connection, greenspace around school grounds has been associated with benefits to students' cognitive function. Questions remain regarding the size of this benefit relative to other factors, and which features of greenspace are responsible for these effects. We conducted a large-scale correlative study subsampling elementary schools (n = 495) in ecologically, socially and economically diverse California. After controlling for common educational determinants (e.g., socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, student teacher ratio, and gender ratio) we found a significant, positive association between test scores and tree and shrub cover within 750 and 1000 m of urban schools. Tree and shrub cover was not associated with test scores in rural schools or five buffers closer to urban schools (10, 50, 100, 300, and 500 m). Two other greenspace variables (NDVI and agricultural area) were not associated with test performance at any of the analyzed buffer distances for rural or urban schools. Minority representation had the largest effect size on standardized test scores (8.1% difference in scores with 2SD difference in variable), followed by tree and shrub cover around urban schools, which had a large effect size (2.9-3.0% at 750 and 1000 m) with variance from minority representation and socioeconomic status (effect size 2.4%) included. Within our urban sample, average tree-cover schools performed 4.2% (3.9-4.4, and 95% CI) better in terms of standardized test scores than low tree-cover urban schools. Our findings support the conclusion that neighborhood-scale (750-1000 m) urban tree and shrub cover is associated with school performance, and indicate that this element of greenspace may be an important factor to consider when studying the cognitive impacts of the learning environment. These results support the design of experimental tests of tree planting interventions for educational benefits.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85055625944","10.1007/s10661-018-7060-1","2018-11-01","Spectral trend of vegetation with rainfall in events of El Niño-Southern Oscillation for Atlantic Forest biome, Brazil","This study aimed to analyze the spectral trend of vegetation with rainfall in El Niño-Southern Oscillation events (ENSO) in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Monthly rainfall data were collected from 85 conventional meteorological stations (EMC), data from the Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2) and ENSO events (El Niño, La Niña, and Neutral) in the period from 2001 to 2013. Afterwards, state cluster analysis was performed using the results of non-parametric tests. The Mann-Kendall (MK) non-parametric test did not identify a trend pattern in rainfall distribution in the Atlantic Forest. The results for EVI2 by state and region showed that the trend is decreasing in the Northeast Region, except for the states of Alagoas and Pernambuco. Southeast region showed an increasing trend of EVI2 (except for Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo), while the South region showed a decreasing trend. In the Midwest, the trend was significantly decreasing. In the prognosis elaborated for the future, the regions with significant declines of the vegetation were the Northeast and Midwest. This study shows that the Atlantic Forest in some regions of Brazil has been suffering from the growing urbanization process and there is a trend of soil degradation.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85049746222","10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.001","2018-11-01","An air quality index-based multistage type-2-fuzzy interval-stochastic programming model for energy and environmental systems management under multiple uncertainties","50% of which should be reduced each period to maintain the city's air quality at a health-safe level. These findings can help decision makers adjust energy structure, make effective mitigation strategy, and gain deep insight into the relationship between energy consumption and environmental requirement.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053163565","10.1016/j.watres.2018.07.070","2018-11-01","A granular activated carbon/electrochemical hybrid system for onsite treatment and reuse of blackwater","Over 1/3 of the global population lacks access to improved sanitation, leading to disease, death, and impaired economic development. Our group is working to develop rapidly deployable, cost-effective, and sustainable solutions to this global problem that do not require significant investments in infrastructure. Previously, we demonstrated the feasibility of a toilet system that recycles blackwater for onsite reuse as flush water, in which the blackwater is electrochemically treated to remove pathogens due to fecal contamination. However, this process requires considerable energy (48–93 kJ/L) to achieve complete disinfection of the process liquid, and the disinfected liquid retains color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in excess of local discharge standards, negatively impacting user acceptability. Granular activated carbon (GAC) efficiently reduces COD in concentrated wastewaters. We hypothesized that reduction of COD with GAC prior to electrochemical treatment would both improve disinfection energy efficiency and user acceptability of the treated liquid. Here we describe the development and testing of a hybrid system that combines these technologies and demonstrate its ability to achieve full disinfection with improved energy efficiency and liquid quality more suitable for onsite reuse and/or discharge.",,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85043697183","10.1177/0042098017747857","2018-11-01","Roadmaps to utopia: Tales of the smart city","Notions of the smart city are pervasive in urban development discourses. Various frameworks for the development of smart cities, often conceptualised as roadmaps, make a number of implicit claims about how smart city projects proceed but the legitimacy of those claims is unclear. This paper begins to address this gap in knowledge. We explore the development of a smart transport application, MotionMap, in the context of a £16M smart city programme taking place in Milton Keynes, UK. We examine how the idealised smart city narrative was locally inflected, and discuss the differences between the narrative and the processes and outcomes observed in Milton Keynes. The research shows that the vision of data-driven efficiency outlined in the roadmaps is not universally compelling, and that different approaches to the sensing and optimisation of urban flows have potential for empowering or disempowering different actors. Roadmaps tend to emphasise the importance of delivering quick practical results. However, the benefits observed in Milton Keynes did not come from quick technical fixes but from a smart city narrative that reinforced existing city branding, mobilising a growing network of actors towards the development of a smart region. Further research is needed to investigate this and other smart city developments, the significance of different smart city narratives, and how power relationships are reinforced and constructed through them.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057264562","10.6113/JPE.2018.18.6.1771","2018-11-01","Model predictive control for tram charging and its semi-physical experimental platform design","Modern trams with a super capacitor have gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its reliability, convenience, energy conservation and environmental friendliness. Because of its special charging characteristic, the traditional charging structure and control strategy cannot satisfy its charging requirements. This paper presents a new charging topology for fast charging modern trams with a super capacitor and it designs a controller using continuous control set model predictive control (CCS-MPC). There are three contributions in this paper. First, a new charging structure is designed and its mathematics model is derived. The cascade structure is adopted instead of the parallel structure to simplify the control process and to keep the rated power of the controllable part low. Second, a MPC control strategy is proposed to satisfy the charging characteristic. The optimal control signal can be obtained by solving the designed optimization problem. The optimal control signal is related to the discrete control action. In addition, mapping between the continuous control signal and the discrete control action is designed. Third, a semi-physical experimental platform is built to verify the proposed topology and control method. The simulation model and experiment platform are built to verify the correctness of the new structure and its control method. The results obtained show that the new topology can work effectively.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85058318539","10.1109/ICVRIS.2018.00081","2018-11-09","Outpatient medicine query system based on.NET","NET based outpatient medicine query system to realize the paperless management of information management instead of manual management, so as to improve the efficiency and quality of the outpatient medicine query in the process of out-patient medicine inquiry, which makes the outpatient medicine query from two aspects: transparent and easy to operate.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85049742583","10.1016/j.scienta.2018.06.032","2018-11-18","Sustainability of pistachio production (Pistacia vera L.) under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean climate","The objective of this study was to examine the effects of supplemental micro-irrigation, in a commercial rainfed orchard, on tree water status, gas exchange and productivity of Pistacia vera L. (cv Bianca) grafted on P. terebinthus. Irrigating with 10–15% of estimated full evaporative demand significantly increased average annual productivity by increasing yield in the on-crop year of this alternate bearing species. Irrigation increased yield by 30%, resulting in 1600 kg of in-shell product per ha. Irrigation delayed leaf senescence while flower bud abscission was not reduced until the third year of experiment. Irrigation did not improve gas exchange during Stage I (pericarp growth). Both stomatal conductance (gs) and maximum photosynthesis (Amax) increased with irrigation during Stage III (intense embryo growth). Stem water potential appeared less sensitive than gas exchanges in detecting differences in water stress between treatments. The results suggest that the efficiency of irrigation can be improved taking into consideration crop load and tree phenology. The results also demonstrate pistachio production is environmentally and economically sustainable in Mediterranean areas having 500 mm rainfall, with as little as 100 mm of irrigation water.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85064746537","10.25252/SE/18/61588","2018-11-28","Identification and investigation of halite in suspended particulate matter by X-ray diffraction & scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrum in the environment of an industrial city Faisalabad (Pakistan)","Air pollution has numerous distinct and hazardous influences upon living organisms. Faisalabad one of the most polluted and big industrial city with huge air quality problems. The lack of enough knowledge with poor characterization of suspended particulate matter (SPM) showed the inorganic clay minerals present in the atmosphere of Faisalabad city. The characterization of soil compounds and elements were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) technique. The XRD analysis was carried out using Hanawalt method of phase identification. The sources of quartz, calcite, gypsum, clinoclore, talc, halite, albite and illite are showing local and remote. Morphology were observed in three micrographs obtained by SEM found particle size 10µm and the composition (% age) of various elements measured by EDS. It has been observed the analysis of silicon (Si), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) are present in the atmosphere of Faisalabad. Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and chloride (Cl) are present in little amount showed the presence of halite in the SPM samples.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85049576126","10.1007/s10453-018-9525-7","2018-12-01","The abundance of urban endotoxins as measured with an impinger-based sampling strategy","0001; n = 58). Moreover, identification of dominant bacterial colonies on these culture plates gave some indications on potential sources of these urban outdoor bacteria and endotoxins.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053865741","10.1016/j.apt.2018.09.023","2018-12-01","Novel use of waste glass powder: Production of geopolymeric tiles"," The use of these wastes contributes to environmental sustainability and generating more friendly building products.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85054727911","10.1016/j.jeconom.2018.07.005","2018-12-01","ArCo: An artificial counterfactual approach for high-dimensional panel time-series data","We consider a new, flexible and easy-to-implement method to estimate thecausal effects of an intervention on a single treated unit when a control group is not available and which nests previous proposals in the literature. It is a two-step methodology where in the first stage, a counterfactual is estimated based on a large-dimensional set of variables from a pool of untreated units by means of shrinkage methods, such as the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). In the second stage, we estimate the average intervention effect on a vector of variables, which is consistent and asymptotically normal. Our results are valid uniformly over a wide class of probability laws. We show that these results hold even when the exact date of the intervention is unknown. Tests for multiple interventions and for contamination effects are derived. By a simple transformation of the variables, it is possible to test for multivariate intervention effects on several moments of the variables of interest. Existing methods in the literature usually test for intervention effects on a single variable and assume that the time of the intervention is known. In addition, high-dimensionality is frequently ignored and inference is either conducted under a set of more stringent hypotheses and/or by permutation tests. A Monte Carlo experiment evaluates the properties of the method in finite samples and compares it with other alternatives. As an application, we evaluate the effects on inflation, GDP growth, retail sales and credit of an anti tax-evasion program.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053665688","10.1038/s41372-018-0222-8","2018-12-01","Low birthweight in second children after nurse home visiting","97), an effect apparent only if the first-born had low birthweight and mediated by close birth spacing. These moderation and mediation patterns were similar in the preterm birth outcome. Conclusion: A home visiting program provided for first-born children reduced low birthweight for second-born children, if the first-born had low birthweight. This finding implies a broader impact than previously documented, because few studies have included these second children.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070803320","10.1109/CompComm.2018.8781055","2018-12-01","Research of feed forward control of a sewage treatment process fuzzy control system","Sewage treatment process is a nonlinear system with a large time-delay. The system is vulnerable to interference. Control of sewage treatment process is a challenging problem. This paper proposes an effective method that combines an optimized fuzzy controller and a feed-forward controller to control a sewage treatment process. Firstly, an optimized fuzzy controller based on adjusting of a parameter \alpha is designed. The optimized controller can generate different rules by changing the parameter \alpha. The value of \alpha is determined by solving the objective function optimization problem. Secondly, a new feed-forward controller based on back propagation (bp) neural network is designed that doesn't need mathematical models of control channel and interference channel. Simulation results show that the bp network based feed forward controller could compensate interference in the fuzzy control system. It is valuable especially when mathematical models of control and interfere channels is unknown. Simulation results also show that the proposed method is more effective than single fuzzy control method. It achieves a higher performance in the elimination of interference and reducing stable error.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061204459","10.1186/s40580-018-0154-1","2018-12-01","A comparative experimental study on the cross-plane thermal conductivities of nano-constructed Sb 2 Te 3 /(Cu, Ag, Au, Pt) thermoelectric multilayer thin films"," This work presents both experimental and theoretical understanding of the thermal transport properties of Sb 2 Te 3 /metal multilayer thin film junctions with important implications for exploring a novel approach to improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85058881554","10.3390/rs10122063","2018-12-01","Model-based optimization of spectral sampling for the retrieval of crop variables with the PROSAIL model","01) to stabilize the retrieval of crop biochemical variables.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85058176784","10.3354/meps12791","2018-12-06","Concurrent changes in spatial distribution of the demersal community in response to climate variations in the southern Iberian coastal Large Marine Ecosystem","Species inhabiting transitional areas in large marine ecosystems are highly sensitive to climate variations and thus of paramount importance as indicators of ecosystem changes. The spatiotemporal distribution of representative species of the demersal community in the southern Iberian coastal Large Marine Ecosystem was investigated using time series data from trawl surveys conducted in the Gulf of Cádiz. The geographic and bathymetric variability in the population distribution was analyzed. We investigated the influence of hydroclimatic (chlorophyll a concentration, sea surface temperature, precipitation, runoff, oceanic wind and meso- and large-scale climate indices) and population drivers (density) on species depth and location. Distribution shifts were more evident over the longitudinal gradient with species approaching and moving away from the Strait of Gibraltar. This contrasting behavior was segregated by depth and the hydro-graphical boundary of the Guadalquivir River runoff plume. On the shallow shelf (<100 m), a southeastward movement towards the Strait of Gibraltar was clear. This geographical shift was also observed in species from the deeper strata, occasionally coupled with depth changes. These movements were mainly associated with climate variability, in particular the North Atlantic Oscillation, whose effects were clearly species specific. Additionally, longitudinal variations of the community at a regional scale were related to a local climatic index that captured a pattern of covari-ation in local surface wind, temperature and precipitation. This study focuses on responses of several species with contrasting life histories (from Sparidae to Elasmobranchs) to hydroclimatic variability in the southern Iberian coastal Large Marine Ecosystem.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053788981","10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.043","2018-12-15","Evaluation of antibiotic resistant lactose fermentative opportunistic pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and blaTEM-2 gene in cephalosporin wastewater and its discharge receiving river","032) after treatment, while the percentage of resistant LFOPEB to non-β-lactam antibiotics did not change dramatically. Furthermore, the discharge of the effluent of CPWW treatment plant (CPWWeff) led to an obvious increase in the percentages of β-lactam antibiotic-resistant LFOPEB and relative abundance of the blaTEM-2 gene in the downstream receiving river (RWdown) in comparison with those in the upstream receiving river (RWup). The antibiotic resistant phenotypes of isolates in the influent of CPWW treatment plant (CPWWin), CPWWeff and RWdown appeared to be seriously affected by the cephalosporin residues, which suggested that main antibiotic resistance phenotypes in antibiotic contaminated water were closely associated with its antibiotic composition. Therefore, CPWW treatment process has been proved to result in selective growth of ARB and proliferation of ARG. Besides, CPWWeff was also proved to be an important supplier of ARB and ARG to the receiving river.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061510136","10.1109/ICAPR.2017.8593063","2018-12-27","PolicyGAN: Training generative adversarial networks using policy gradient","This paper presents PolicyGAN, a policy gradient paradigm for training Generative Adversarial Networks that views the generator as an image generation neural agent which is rewarded by another neural agent, termed as the discriminator. Rewards are higher for samples near the original data manifold. In PolicyGAN, only reward signal from the output of the discriminator is used for updating the generator network using policy gradient. This obviates the need for gradient signal to flow through the discriminator for training the generator; an intrinsic property of original GAN formulation. Given the inherent difficulty of training adversarial models, and low convergence speed of policy gradient, training GANs using policy gradient is a non-trivial problem and requires deep study. Currently GANs have used only differentiable discriminators for training. Policy-GAN germinates the possibility of using a wide variety of non-differentiable discriminator networks for training GANs, something which was not possible with the original GAN framework. Another advantage of using policy gradient is that now the generator need not produce deterministic samples, but can generate a probability distribution from which samples can be taken. PolicyGAN thus paves the path to use a variety of probabilistic models.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063525509",,"2019-01-01","Reduced climate impact by resource-efficient surgeries Resurssmartaför lägre klimatpåverkanoperationer","The Västra Götaland region carried out a project to develop resource-efficient surgeries using standardized hip prosthesis surgery as case. The purpose was to reduce and streamline the use of consumables and thus reduce the climate impact. At the surgery departments of three hospitals, significant variations were found in the supply and use of consumables during operations for total hip replacement (5.0-6.6 kg dry weight/operation). The major part of disposables consisted of surgery textiles, and choosing fossil-free products has the beneficial impact on a carbon footprint. Customized surgical procedure trays significantly reduce the number of packages and result in reduced work load for the staff. However, since there is a long term trend to increase the use of consumables in such sets, there is a need of continuous monitoring of such choices. In summary, a critical review of routines for care and use of materials is a powerful tool for streamlining healthcare and reducing its climate impact.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85068419791",,"2019-01-01","Functional fiction to collective action","This paper discusses the methodology and results of the Maslow’s Palace workshops project, which engages with current debates surrounding the democratisation of digital urban design technology and stakeholder decision making, through the implementation of a speculative oriented approach to serious gaming. The research explores how serious games might be used to help marginalised communities consider past, future and present community experiences, reconcile dissimilar assumptions, generate social capital building and design responses and prime participants for further long term design engagement processes. Empirical material for this research was gathered from a range of case study workshops prepared with three landfill-based communities and external partners throughout 2017. Results show the approach helped participants develop shared norms, values and understandings of sensitive topics and develop ideas for future action through “collective tinkering”.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071909060",,"2019-01-01","Restoring trust: How building automation, operators and tenants restored indoor environmental conditions following failed improvement measures"," Plummeting morale sparked intervention by senior executive and technical staff Resolving the situation required not only the reversal of some of the facility improvement measures, but also a human-centred effort to restore tenants ' trust and gain their cooperation to implement corrective actions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074447755",,"2019-01-01","Learnings from the past to design metallic bridges spanning centuries into the future","Since the 20th century, modern bridges have been typically designed for a relatively short design life of either 100 or 120 years. In reality, there are numerous examples of bridges that are over 100 years old that are still in service today. In some cases, these bridges have heritage protection status. In other cases, they are a vital link to their transportation network, for which any disruptions will result in significant economic impact to the local or regional economy. Over the years, the authors have been involved with the inspection, maintenance, and refurbishment of historic bridges. This paper provides an overview of lessons learnt from examples of historic metallic bridges in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, as well as present the case for a 200-year bridge. Lessons learned from failures in design and detailing for durability, material selection, and allowance for future access for inspection and maintenance can be used when designing new bridges, with the aim to minimize future maintenance cost and assisting 21st century bridges to span centuries into the future.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85077379900",,"2019-01-01","The sustainability of solid waste management on Kapas Island, Terengganu, Malaysia","Solid waste management is a serious environmental issue for marine park islands, especially in Malaysia. The amount of waste generated by visitors is usually produced within a short period of time and adds to existing waste management problems. The purpose of this study is to identify the sustainability level of solid waste management on Kapas Island, Terengganu. Inefficient solid waste control not only triggers a reduction in tourism, but also provides a negative impact on environmental management. This qualitative study uses primary data collected via in-depth interviews with chalet operators and Marang district Council officials responsible for solid waste management on the island. The result of this study shows that an integrated recycling program and composting methods were seen to be more efficient in solid waste management on Kapas Island.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85079636569",,"2019-01-01","LCA analysis of a low-energy residential building","In recent years, European and Italian legislation in the field of buildings’ energy certification has oriented the construction sector towards a reduction of energy needs. The diffusion of buildings with reduced (or almost zero) energy consumption during use encourages a review about energy and environmental impacts associated with the different phases characterizing the life cycle of a building. For this purpose, the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) analysis is a useful tool for determining the phases and the components that have the greatest impact on the life cycle of a building organism. In this work, an LCA analysis is carried out on a low-energy residential building using the SimaPro software. The input data have been obtained from a real building, statistical data, energy simulations and literature. The pre-use (production, transport, installation and maintenance of materials), the use (energy needs of the building) and the end-of-life phases (selective demolition, transport, treatment and disposal of waste) have been considered. The Cumulative Energy Demand, the Eco-indicator 99 and the EDIP 2003 methods are used to evaluate the impacts. The results show that, while in a conventional building the use phase represents 90-95% of total energy consumption, in this case this percentage drops to 44.2% while the pre-use phase becomes the most important in terms of energy consumed (61.8%). Regarding the construction materials, the predominant role of cement in the energy balance (3.4 GJ/m2) and environmental impact (28.7 Pt) is extended to the entire life cycle of the building. Finally, the effects of some modifications to the model of the analysed building were assessed. In particular, the energy and environmental benefits related to the installation of a photovoltaic system for the coverage of electricity consumption during use have been quantified.",,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85085200376",,"2019-01-01","Municipalities as promoters of electric mobility? A survey study in Germany","The use of electric vehicles (EVs) has the potential to make the transport system more sustainable and to improve the quality of life in local communities. Municipalities are an important player in the market diffusion of EVs as they can promote and implement electric mobility in various ways, e.g. in their own fleets or municipally owned companies. They are also in a position to create the conditions that make electric mobility more attractive, not only to local companies, but also residents. This includes supporting the development and expansion of infrastructure, e.g. charging stations. Furthermore, they can act as information brokers and thereby enhance levels of awareness and knowledge. We conducted a survey of 540 German municipalities with 5,000 inhabitants or more, including all major cities in Germany. The survey aimed to examine which fields of action are the most promising from the point of view of municipalities, and which structural factors influence their decision to engage in this topic. We found that electric mobility is an important topic for German municipalities: More than 80 % are already active in this field; another 10 % are planning activities. To analyse the degree of activity in more detail, we developed an activity index comprising different fields. This indicates that the majority of municipalities are classified as having only an intermediate or low level of activity. Electric mobility is primarily an environmental and transport issue as well as an image issue. The expansion of charging infrastructure and the electrification of municipal fleets are the dominant fields of activity. We identified several structural factors that can help to predict the activity of municipalities in the field of electric mobility. These include variables concerning population, population growth as well as urbanisation and density indicators.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057600483","10.1002/hyp.13318","2019-01-01","Assessing multidecadal runoff (1970–2010) using regional hydrological modelling under data and water scarcity conditions in Peruvian Pacific catchments","In a context of water scarcity in Peruvian Pacific catchments as a crucial issue for Peru, added to the paucity of data availability, we propose a methodology that provides new perspectives for freshwater availability estimation as a base reference for unimpaired conditions. Under those considerations, a regional discharge of 709 m3/s to the Pacific Ocean is estimated with a significant increasing trend of about 43 m3/s per decade over the 1970–2010 period. To represent the multidecadal behaviour of freshwater runoff along the region, a regional runoff analysis is proposed based on hydrological modelling at annual and monthly time step for unimpaired conditions over the whole 1970–2010 period. Differential Split-Sample Tests are used to assess the hydrological modelling robustness of the GR1A and GR2M conceptual lumped models, showing a satisfactory transposability from dry to wet years inside the thresholds defined for Nash–Sutcliffe and bias criteria. This allowed relating physical catchment characteristics with calibrated and validated model parameters, thus offering a regional perspective for dryland conditions in the study area (e.g., the anticlockwise hysteresis relationship found for seasonal precipitation–runoff relationship) as well as the impacts of climate variability and catchment characteristics.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063750150","10.1007/978-3-030-11754-2_11","2019-01-01","Innovation and investment activities in businesses as a determining factor of development of the Russian Federation","The relevance of the studied issue is caused by the fact that the modern system of institutes in business forms prerequisites for development of innovation and investment activities of firms. Along with heavy commitment to financial investments, the level of non-financial investments into research and development with their subsequent commercialization is insufficient in our country. Investment activity influences the economic growth rate, increases employment, profitability of households. This contribution is aimed at analysis of the existing system of institutes in business and also development of recommendations for optimization of these institutes in the course of innovative economic development of the Russian Federation. The main methods, implemented in the course of the research, are system analysis and scientific abstraction. They determine a possibility of identification of interrelations and interdependence of the following categories: knowledge, technologies, creation of an innovative product. These categories in the modern economy cannot be considered separately from a business institute. Results: the system analysis of innovative development of countries is carried out, and the place of Russia is defined. The level of society intellectualization is defined on the basis of indexes. It allows making recommendations for improvement of a measurement system aimed at formation of the modern economy of knowledge. It will result in changes in the institutional system: The main goal should be proper introduction of innovation and investment activities in entrepreneurship. The results of the scientific research can be applied to formation of programs of innovative development of business at the federal, regional, and local levels. It will allow optimizing the existing system of business institutes, which can become a decisive factor in innovative, social, and economic development of Russia.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072963518","10.1007/978-3-030-29736-7_42","2019-01-01","Computational Thinking in Problem Based Learning – Exploring the Reciprocal Potential","This paper presents the initial insights from a study in which we explored the relation between computational thinking (CT) and problem-based learning in higher education. CT skills are increasingly recognized as a necessity to all lines of study, as they not only facilitate digital proficiency, but potentially also a sense of computational empowerment and an ability to take a critical and constructive approach to applying computers when solving complex problems. The distinct focus on higher education is routed in theoretical as well as empirically based challenges, as this particular group of learners for the vast majority have started their education in a mainly analogue learning setting, yet now face employments with a much stronger demand for digital competences. The discussions presented in this paper takes its point of departure in the Aalborg PBL-model.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060350780","10.1007/978-981-10-8016-6_105","2019-01-01","Heavy metal contamination in environmental compartments of buriganga river in dhaka city","Numerous textiles-/tanneries-/pharmaceutical-based industrial processes along with anthropogenic sources, discharge hazardous waste/wastewater into nearby water bodies. These untreated or poorly treated waste streams contain heavy metals that come into contact with sediment/aquatic systems and become part of the food chain. Heavy metals, many of which are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic, have a significant impact on environment and ecosystem. Buriganga has been accumulating alarming levels of heavy metals, and currently, it is one of the most polluted rivers in Bangladesh. This study evaluated the levels of selected heavy metals in different environmental compartments of the Buriganga river. Accordingly, three significant locations along the river stretch were selected. The plant (Enhydra fluctuans) and phytoplankton (Lemnoideae) samples and four different species of fish such as Heteropneustes fossilis, Channa striata, Corica soborna, and Wallago attu were collected from the river. Laboratory analysis of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) was performed in all the sediment/plant/river water/fish samples. Contamination factor and plant concentration factors were determined. Concentrations of Cd, Zn, and Ni in the river water were obtained within acceptable ranges, whereas Cr and Pb exceeded the toxicity reference values for surface water standards for aquatic life. Notable concentration levels of heavy metals were measured in the sediments and plants. Specifically, Cr was obtained at an alarming level of 103 mg/kg in soil and 163 mg/kg in the plants near Hazaribagh area, where tannery waste mixes with the river water. Bioaccumulation of the analyzed metals was evidenced in the biological samples.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063196610","10.1007/s10530-019-01957-3","2019-01-01","Adaptive downsizing in the piscivorous cyprinid fish, Opsariichthys uncirostris, facilitates rapid establishment after introduction to a small-scale habitat in Japan","The three-lips (Opsariichthys uncirostris) is a piscivorous cyprinid fish native to the Biwa Lake, central Japan. A recent unintentional introduction of the species has led to its invasion of a novel, small-scale habitat (the Futatsu River) composed of a few riverine stretches connected by irrigation ditches. Comparative observations of fish samples from both habitats provide evidence of disparities in the fish’s size at maturity between the two habitats, with fish in the Futatsu River reaching maturity at smaller body sizes. Achieving a large body size at maturation requires a larger habitat offering a sufficient supply of food. Principle component analysis of body-surface morphometric characteristics revealed that the two populations show differences in both their body shape and growth rates. In the Futatsu River, the growth rates of upper jaw length, lower jaw length, eye diameter, predorsal length, and tail length were accelerated, while the growth rates of head depth, body depth, and tail depth were decelerated, leading to the acquisition of a distinctly slender body. It is plausible that small-scale habitats with less abundant food supplies favor sexual maturation at smaller body sizes and that slender bodies improve swimming performance, thus making such disproportional downsizing a consequence of adaptation to a novel environment. Whether this change is due to phenotypic plasticity or rapid evolution remains unknown.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85093486760","10.1016/B978-0-12-817536-1.00001-1","2019-01-01","Fundamentals of microalgae cultivation","Microalgae have gained attention in the past few decades due to their potential applications in many areas such as food supplements, lipids, enzymes, biomass, polymers, toxins, pigments, wastewater treatment, animal feed, and green energy. To culture microalgae in industrial scale and make them commercially viable, it is essential to study in depth their characteristics, cultivation system, and factors affecting the cultivation. Microbial lipid is the most attractive component of microalgae to produce biofuels. Competence of lipid production by microalgae is highly dependent on the cost of reactor design, wide range of nutritional substrates, scalability, parasitic energy demand, metabolic function, etc. Therefore, this chapter describes the fundamental issues of microalgae and their cultivation.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063776184","10.1016/j.egypro.2018.12.007","2019-01-01","Forecasting of Wind Power Generation with the Use of Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Regression Models","The stochastic character of wind power generation suggests limitations on the increased shares of wind energy in electricity systems and challenges market integration of wind power, mainly due to the fact that nowadays, new wind parks are set to cope with more dynamic pricing mechanisms. In this new environment, where advanced bidding strategies need to be adopted from wind power actors, the introduction of novel elements to support wind power generation and address the inherent impact of variability is thought to be a prerequisite. To this end, the current study expands the work of previous studies by examining different methods of prediction with regards to wind power forecasting. More specifically, both Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models are trained and tested on the basis of different prediction horizons, using as case study real wind speed and wind power generation measurements from a wind park operating in the Greek territory. Models are trained using an in-house forecasting tool, with results obtained reflecting the better fit of the SVR method overall, especially for time horizons longer than 6 hours ahead. At the same time, an effort is made in order to optimize prediction of wind power generation through the combination of both prediction approaches via clustering of prediction areas. This novel approach results in an improvement of the predictions obtained, despite the fact that the SVR method already performs sufficiently even for 24 hours ahead.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057150484","10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.042","2019-01-01","Drivers of phytoplankton blooms in the northeastern Black Sea","In order to understand of the processes controlling phytoplankton successions in the NE Black Sea, long-term data series are needed. We compiled 15 years (2002–2017) of measurements from which the existence emerges of a tight link between phytoplankton species dominance and nutrients concentrations. The latter is strongly influenced by wind direction. The link between algal dominance and nutrients is mediated by the growth strategy adopted by algal species. In spring, when nutrients are abundant, small diatoms such as Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima, with a “rapid growth strategy”, prevail. In late spring and early summer, when N is low and P and Si are high, coccolithophorids such as Emiliania huxhleyi dominate, thanks to an “affinity growth strategy”. Large diatoms, especially Pseudosolenia calcar-avis, dominate in summer and autumn, when their “storage growth strategy” allows the exploitation of discontinuous upwelling of nutrients. These seasonal changes of dominant species influence the structure of the food web.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85082555260","10.1017/9781108607667.012","2019-01-01","Meta-omics approach to unravel the endophytic bacterial communities of Brassica napus and other agronomically important crops in response to agricultural practices","Endophytes are microorganisms that colonise the internal compartments of host plants without harming the host. In many cases, endophytic bacteria have been shown to provide several beneficial effects to their host plant, including growth-promoting activity, modulation of plant metabolism and phytohormone signalling that leads to adaptation to environmental abiotic or biotic stresses. Endophytic bacterial community structure is influenced by plant genotype, soil type, abiotic and biotic factors, such as environmental conditions and microbe-microbe/plant-microbe interactions. In addition, agricultural management practices, such as soil tillage, crop rotation, and fertiliser and pesticide applications have a major effect on the function and structure of the soil, rhizosphere and endophytic bacterial communities. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important break crop in cereal crop rotation and can significantly reduce the rate of ‘take-all’ fungal disease (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) and, as a result, improves the yield of subsequent cereal crops. Additionally, oilseed rape is the world’s third largest source of vegetable oil used for human nutrition and as a source of oil for biodiesel production. Therefore, the promotion of agricultural practices that maintain the natural diversity of B. napus endophytic bacteria is receiving attention as an important element for a sustainable agricultural system that ensures crop productivity and quality while reducing inputs. This chapter reviews the existing literature on the role of endophytic bacteria in oilseed rape crop production, agricultural factors influencing oilseed rape bacterial diversity and discusses how meta-omics is enhancing our understanding of the endophytic bacteria and their function.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071174751","10.1039/c9se00275h","2019-01-01","Stochastic techno-economic analysis of H2 production from power-to-gas using a high-pressure PEM water electrolyzer for a small-scale H2 fueling station","67 USD kg-1 were obtained for H2 production capacities of 300, 700, and 1000 m3 h-1, which are comparable to the current H2 market price of 5-6 USD kg-1 in Korea. Electricity was the most critical economic parameter in SA. Further studies using a Monte-Carlo simulation method of stochastic uncertainty analysis for a size factor's exponent, a major cost factor at scale-up, provide stochastic guidelines for P2G technology to be competitive and prove the economically attractive option of P2G technology using a high-pressure PWE for H2 production in Korea.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074053365","10.1080/03067319.2019.1675650","2019-01-01","Sediment organic matter description from an urban wetland: multivariate analysis of FT-IR bands to determine its origin"," The urban area had organic matter contributed from aquatic plant decomposition and long-chain fatty acids of urban origin.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065878178","10.1080/23311886.2018.1558716","2019-01-01","The impact of wildlife hunting prohibition on the rural livelihoods of local communities in Ngamiland and Chobe District Areas, Botswana"," The loss incurred by rural communities from the damage caused to property and crops by wildlife militates against the perceived earlier successes of the CBNRM programme in wildlife conservation and poverty reduction.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85069781436","10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2926837","2019-01-01","Classification of Melanoma and Nevus in Digital Images for Diagnosis of Skin Cancer","Melanoma is considered a fatal type of skin cancer. However, it is sometimes hard to distinguish it from nevus due to their identical visual appearance and symptoms. The mortality rate because of this disease is higher than all other skin-related consolidated malignancies. The number of cases is growing among young people, but if it is diagnosed at an earlier stage, then the survival rates become very high. The cost and time required for the doctors to diagnose all patients for melanoma are very high. In this paper, we propose an intelligent system to detect and distinguish melanoma from nevus by using the state-of-the-art image processing techniques. At first, the Gaussian filter is used for removing noise from the skin lesion of the acquired images followed by the use of improved K-mean clustering to segment out the lesion. A distinctive hybrid superfeature vector is formed by the extraction of textural and color features from the lesion. Support vector machine (SVM) is utilized for the classification of skin cancer into melanoma and nevus. Our aim is to test the effectiveness of the proposed segmentation technique, extract the most suitable features, and compare the classification results with the other techniques present in the literature. The proposed methodology is tested on the DERMIS dataset having a total number of 397 skin cancer images: 146 are melanoma and 251 are nevus skin lesions. Our proposed methodology archives encouraging results having 96% accuracy.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85052789437","10.1111/sjtg.12259","2019-01-01","Political ecology of tiger conservation in India: Adverse effects of banning customary practices in a protected area","Protected areas have had significant impacts on local communities primarily through the physical removal of people. In some instances, people continue to live within protected areas due to the inability of the state to evict them. The restrictions on livelihoods placed on people living inside protected areas lead to in situ displacement. We show how conservation enclosures in the Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Tiger Reserve have produced a class of people that the state ‘lets die’ by banning customary practices such as fire use, hunting and harvesting of forest produce. Using longitudinal ethnographic, socio-economic and ecological data, we demonstrate that conservation policy has alienated indigenous forest dwellers from their agricultural and forest-land. The outcomes of conservation policy include dispossession through increased crop losses, reduced income from agriculture and forest produce, as well as a forest that is dominated by weeds due to fire suppression. The ban on hunting in particular has increased wildlife densities, which has enabled the state to accumulate revenues through the establishment of wildlife tourism facilities. All in all, centralized protected area governance has changed the relationships among people, forest and the state in a way that has produced adverse effects for both livelihoods and the ecosystem.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073194048","10.1149/09101.2467ecst","2019-01-01","White syngas by co-electrolysis for industrial chemistry","White syngas is produced by co-electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water. As syngas is one of the essential petrochemical foundations of industrial chemistry, the high temperature co-electrolysis can induce a possibility for the defossilization process in conventional petro chemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the proper technological framework in the scopes of supply of CO2, electrochemical performance of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC) and products of white syngas. In future Power-to-X scenarios with a 100 % share of renewable energy, it is fundamentally important to calculate process-related carbon dioxide emissions from the total CO2 emissions. Also, we show the superior performance of co-electrolysis to different electrolysis technologies. As a standard of comparison, we introduce the Fossil Carbon Equivalent (FCE) to clarify the impact of white syngas on industrial chemistry by matching energy demand, need of installed electrolysis capacities, consumption of carbon dioxide and substitutable amount of fossil resources.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85068842524","10.1177/0361198119858280","2019-01-01","U.S. Surface Transportation Public–Private Partnerships: Objectives and Evidence—Extended Findings","Public agencies pursue many goals when employing alternative procurement approaches like public–private partnerships (P3s) to develop and renew transportation infrastructure. Evaluators often focus on economic efficiency. However, that rarely represents an agency’s sole or even primary objective. This paper identifies government sponsors’ objectives in selecting P3s as a delivery approach and the extent to which projects have met those objectives. The paper extends previous work examining six case studies of U.S. P3 projects by adding three additional projects out of a total population of 21 U.S. P3 projects launched since 2003. The new case studies introduce important elements of P3 projects, namely, a multistate project and a project that encountered financial challenges and bankruptcy. The new case studies generally confirm that public agencies pursue six objectives when employing P3s: (i) accessing private-sector financing; (ii) accessing private-sector expertise and innovation; (iii) accelerating project delivery; (iv) increasing certainty about project cost, schedule, and quality; (v) transferring and managing risk; and (vi) improving transit and development opportunities. Government sponsors generally achieved their goals. They might benefit further by: (a) pursuing private-sector expertise and innovation earlier; (b) elevating risk transfer objectives; (c) incorporating broader transit, local development, and value capture opportunities; and (d) improving outcome measurement, analysis, and transparency practices. The U.S. government may also benefit from reconsidering the statutory authority granted to the U.S. Department of Transportation when it holds debt in bankrupt projects.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,
"2-s2.0-85075275153","10.12873/391garraza","2019-01-01","Undernutrition and enteroparasitoses among schoolchildren in the department of guaymallen, mendoza Desnutricion y enteroparasitosis en escolares del departamento de guaymallen, mendoza","Introduction: The undernutrition and childhood enteroparasitoses is a public health problem. The prevalence varies according to the geographical area and the socio-environmental conditions of residence. Objective: To analyze undernutrition and enteroparasitoses in relation to socio-environmental conditions of residence, in children of the department of Guaymallen Mendoza. Methods: A cross-sectional anthropometric study was made involving 947 children aged 4 to 10 attending public schools in the department of Guaymallen. In order to determine the nutritional status, the WHO 2007 reference was used. The parasitological analysis was made on 192 children. The techniques used for the parasitological diagnosis were Ritchie modified and anal brushing. The socio-environmental characterization was performed by semi-structured and selfadministered survey. Results: The analyzed population presented greater stunting (4.8%), followed by underweight (2.4%) and finally wasting (1.2%). The parasitological analysis indicated that 70.8% of the children of Guaymallen were parasitized by at least one species. The most prevalent species were Enterobius vermicularis (33.9%) and Blastocystis sp. (28.6%). Undernutrited and/or parasitized children lived in unfavorable socio-environmental and economic conditions. Conclusion: Socio-environmental conditions perform an important role in the growth and the health of children. High undernutrition and intestinal parasites are mainly manifested in children whose parents have low level of education and unskilled jobs and their homes have deficiencies in sanitation services. The lack of environmental sanitation favors the presence of intestinal parasites transmitted mainly through water, contaminated food or through interpersonal contact.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073324366","10.14505/jemt.v10.3(35).12","2019-01-01","Organisational culture and environmental performance of hospitality firms in South Africa","The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of organisational culture on firm environmental performance in the context of the hospitality sector. The study used the quantitative research approach with descriptive and causal research design. The Denison organisational culture questionnaire was used to measure organisational culture. The Denison questionnaire contains four traits namely involvement, consistency, adaptability and mission. The questionnaire was distributed among 500 owner/managers of formal hotels and guest accommodations in South Africa. Data gathered were analysed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling. The results of the study indicate that the four traits of organisational culture (involvement, consistency, adaptability and mission) have significant positive impacts on the environmental performance of firms in the hospitality sector. The findings of the study can assist firms in the hospitality sector to understand the significance of internal intangible factors such as the organisational culture in the implementation of environmental sustainability initiatives.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072950220","10.15381/rivep.v30i2.16085","2019-01-01","Use of soft waste of the Peruvian scallops Argopecten purpuratus (Lamarck, 1819) to produce high protein meal Aprovechamiento de los residuos blandos de concha de abanico, Argopecten purpuratus (Lamarck, 1819), para producir harina de alto contenido proteico","The scallop soft waste obtained during processing is discarded, generating environmental liabilities to the mariculture industry in Peru. However, these residues constitute a potential raw material to produce meal for balanced feeds. In this sense, a methodology was developed for the elaboration of meal from the soft residues of the Peruvian scallop. The product obtained had a composition of 61% protein, 7.5% fat and 11.7% moisture. The development of technologies that allow the processing of large volumes of waste could contribute to the more efficient and profitable use of this raw material.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074634052","10.1590/2179-8087.080717","2019-01-01","Genetic diversity and structure of Calophyllum brasiliense along the Santa Catarina coast","140, and a Bayesian analysis found two different genetic groupings. The results show clear signs of risk of diversity loss, basically related to restrictions of effective size. As conservation efforts, we suggested the use of C. brasiliense in restoration programs and for wood production. We also suggested the protection of its associated fauna and the development of more protected areas. Finally, populations 430, 640, 642 and 913 were indicated as priorities for conservation, based on their genetic indexes.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073023524","10.17770/etr2019vol1.4204","2019-01-01","The german energy transition and its stumbling blocks-promotion of power generation from photovoltaic systems and its influence on the german energy transition","The energy transition that began in Germany in 2000 is widely accepted by the population. Opinion research institutes report that more than 90 per cent agree with the policy adopted. Nevertheless, in the public debate in recent years increasingly critical opinions were voiced. In particular, the increased costs of the energy transition are discussed, which are to be borne by the population and the economy. Despite increased burdens in all areas of the energy transition, the criticism is mostly due to the increased burden on electricity customers through the increased use of renewable energy. One reason for this is the increase in the Renewable Energy Act (EEG / Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz) surcharge, which finances the expansion of renewable energies and which ultimately has to be borne by the customers of the energy supply companies. This surcharge increased by 74 per cent in the years 2012 to 2014 alone. One of the main reasons for this was the excessive subsidization of electricity from photovoltaic systems from 2008 to 2012, which was primarily used by major investors and resulted in a massive expansion. Although the share of renewable energies in the German electricity mix has thus increased, an economic equivalent, such as a sustainable increase in jobs or high export figures among the companies that produce these plants, was not observed. Today, economists ask to what extent this mistake could have been avoided and to what extent this has damaged the reputation of the energy transition. The economic policy debate on this issue is led by various interest groups whose opinions are widely divergent. Establishing public consensus is difficult, yet essential for a successful continuation of the energy transition.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065505799","10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-1-29-35","2019-01-01","How does the presence of diabetes affect the course of acute coronary syndrome in elderly patients in actual clinical practice? Как наличие сахарного диабета влияет на течение острого коронарного синдрома у пожилых пациентов в реальной клинической практике?","73 m2 were associated with DM. In non-STEMI group multi-vessel disease and presence of hypertension and previous stroke were associated with DM. We didn't find any difference between mortality in elderly patients with and without DM.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061050005","10.2169/internalmedicine.0264-17","2019-01-01","A low early high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is an independent predictor of in-hospital death in patients with acute coronary syndrome","02). Conclusion ACS patients with low early HDL-C levels had higher in-hospital mortalities than those who did not have low early HDL-C levels. In addition to the already well-known determinants, low early HDL-C should also be considered as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in ACS patients who present to a cardiac care unit.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85077186618","10.24411/1993-7601-2019-10002","2019-01-01","The impact of the retirement age increase on the poverty level of the Russian population: Microsimulation analysis","This paper analyzes the impact of the recent retirement age increase in the Russian Federation on the level of absolute income poverty of the population in the period 2018-2028. The main research method is microsimulation analysis. The results of the work show that the level of absolute income poverty of the population of the Russian Federation is almost neutral to the retirement age increase. However, the poverty rate of pre-pensioners as a result of raising the retirement age may slightly increase. The magnitude of the effect varies depending on the education of pre-pensioners.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85075873808","10.30880/ijie.2019.11.06.031","2019-01-01","Analysis of the driving forces of urban expansion in Luxor City by Remote sensing monitoring","75 km2, and an annual change rate of 4.6%. The analysis of this dramatic change revealed that city infrastructure, economic growth, population growth, topographic elements, and city planning, and policies were the major driving forces for the rapid expansion of built-up urban area, albeit with different weights for these different forces. In this study, we explored a method of monitoring parameters related to the architectural heritage of Luxor governorate using remote sensing big data to provide data support for the city's urban planning and policy formulation.",,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85081375695","10.33223/epj/104703","2019-01-01","The forecast of biogas production from rice straw to cover the energy demand for a rice mill","In literature as well as in the university debate, we can observe the increase of interest regarding converting agricultural residues into energy. Furthermore, the energy and climate policies have encouraged the development of biogas plants for energy production. One of the most significant reasons of this escalation is that this technology may be both convenient and beneficial. The produced biogas is not only supposed to cover the energy demand like heat and electricity, the resulting digestate has the prospect of a beneficial fertilizer and can thereby influence the energy management plans. This technology is widely introduced to countries, which have large income from agriculture. Not only does this reduce the use of industrial fertilizers, but also finds use for agricultural residues. One of the countries of this type is Vietnam, which is the fifth largest exporter of rice in the world. Over 55% of greenhouse gas emission in Vietnam comes from agriculture. Using innovative technologies such as biogas, may decrease this value in near future. It may also contribute to more sustainable agriculture by decreasing traditional fields burning after the harvesting period. The goal of this research paper is to estimate the possible production of biogas from rice straw to cover the energy demand of the rice mill. Four possible scenarios have been considered in this paper, the present situation and where electricity, energy or both were covered by biogas from agricultural residues. An attempt was made to answer the question whether the amount of biogas produced from agricultural residues is enough for both: electricity and energy supply, for the rice mill. If not, how much rice straw must be delivered from other sources, from which rice is not delivered to the rice mill. The base of the assumptions during the estimation of various values were statistics from FAO and other organizations, secondary sources and data from the existing rice mill in Hâu My Bǎc B in Mekong delta in Vietnam.",,1,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85069810447","10.3390/SU11123413","2019-01-01","Urbanization effects on human-perceived temperature changes in the North China plain","Urbanization and associated land use changes significantly alter the energy and radiation balance, land surface characteristics, and regional climates, posing challenges to natural ecosystems and human society. The combined effects of changes in air temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (WS) profoundly influence human-perceived temperature and the corresponding human thermal comfort, especially in urban areas with large population. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal changes in human-perceived temperatures in the North China Plain, represented by heat index (HI) in summer and wind chill temperature (WCT) in winter, and quantifies the effects of urbanization on temperature changes, based on the observational data of 56 meteorological stations during 1976-2016. The results show a significant warming trend, with human-perceived temperatures increasing faster than T. The warming trend in WCT is higher than that in HI, indicating more thermal discomfort in summer and more thermal comfort in winter. However, the warming trend moderately slows after 1996, partly due to the global surface warming hiatus. Urban areas experience stronger warming trends than non-urban areas, demonstrating the notable effects of urbanization. For the entire study area, urbanization and associated urban land expansion accelerate the increase in HI by 26% and the increase in WCT by 17%.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062330234","10.3390/vaccines7010011","2019-01-01","T-cell response to viral hemorrhagic fevers","Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF) are a group of clinically similar diseases that can be caused by enveloped RNA viruses primarily from the families Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Hantaviridae, and Flaviviridae. Clinically, this group of diseases has in common fever, fatigue, dizziness, muscle aches, and other associated symptoms that can progress to vascular leakage, bleeding and multiorgan failure. Most of these viruses are zoonotic causing asymptomatic infections in the primary host, but in human beings, the infection can be lethal. Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that the T-cell response is needed for protection against VHF, but can also cause damage to the host, and play an important role in disease pathogenesis. Here, we present a review of the T-cell immune responses to VHF and insights into the possible ways to improve counter-measures for these viral agents.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073384452","10.3934/environsci.2019.4.242","2019-01-01","Water resource policy support system of the Caspian Basin","Water resource policy support system (WRPSS) is a process that addresses environmental policy and water resource management analyses in conjunction with data interpretation. We examine the use of a WRPSS in Iran’s northern semi-arid region of the Caspian Basin and present how eight human and non-human pressure factors, if automated, would assist in water resource security. The main features of the WRPSS include: (1) water policy modifications suitable to local environmental conditions for water evaluation and (2) development of spatial tools to derive criteria weights. A dynamic, calculative process formulates weight and critical intervals for each pressure parameter provided. The developed knowledge-base ensures the WRPSS record represents a realistic, practicable, and functional system for sound water policy. Such know-how is useful in determining water resource pressure factors in relation to a policy support system (PSS) analysis. WRPSS ensures results are interpreted within the relevant context of maximizing efficiency of water policy goals and PSS interpellation. Results indicate the Caspian Basin’s agricultural water consumption and dam infrastructure are considered most and least important sub-criteria, respectively. Moreover, the sub-basin of Haraz-Ghareh Su is worst off study-wide.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074059563","10.4314/ft.v8i2.2","2019-01-01","Between theory and praxis: Reply to Thaddeus Metz","In a Guest Lecture delivered by Professor Thaddeus Metz at a Colloquium organized in honour of my 50th birthday, he critically interrogated various aspects of my African philosophical scholarship with a particular focus on what I consider as the task of an African philosopher in the twenty-first century. Drawing on the existential and social problems in contemporary Africa (such as poverty, corruption, leadership problem, ethno-religious crisis, terrorism, refugee crisis, women's right, amongst others), I have argued that African philosophy should be tailored towards ameliorating these problems as a way of making life meaningful. Metz's striking criticism is that doing philosophy that does not necessary address existential and socio-political problems in Africa is worth taking seriously in African philosophy. He adds that the very idea of meaningfulness constitutes a strong, competing reason, to do philosophy for its own sake. In this article, I reply Metz, contending that his critique only differs in degree from the position I earlier defended but not in kind regarding the connection between theory and praxis. While we both agree on the imperativeness of theorizing in African philosophy, I argue further that African philosophy should go beyond this to solve the practical issues relevant to the advancement of humanity and the society.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85085460562","10.4324/9780429311208-17","2019-01-01","Cross-national evidence of the effects of foreign investment and aid on economic growth and inequality: A survey of findings and a reanalysis","In the last chapter, Rubinson presented data supporting the thesis that income inequality within states is a function of the operation of the world system. In the years immediately preceding and following the publication of Rubinson’s study a series of studies were published attempting to test dependency and world-system perspectives with respect to their predictions regarding the gap between rich and poor. In this chapter, the authors summarize much of that research and find strong support for the proposition that dependency (in the form of foreign investment and aid) increases income inequality. The evidence with respect to the impact of dependency on economic growth is found to be equivocal, however. The authors therefore proceed to examine the possible causes of the variations in findings and conduct their own analysis, which leads them to the conclusion that dependency slows growth over the long term. In sum, the research reported here makes a strong case that both of the gaps this book is focused on are products of dependency and the operation of the world capitalist system.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074617091","10.4491/eer.2018.383","2019-01-01","Lithium ion car batteries: Present analysis and future predictions","Electric vehicles (EVs) are spreading rapidly and many counties are promoting hybrid and fully EVs through legislation. Therefore, an increasing amount of lithium ion batteries will reach the end of their usable life and will require effective and sustainable end-of-life management plan which include landfill disposal or incineration. The current research focuses on more sustainable methods such as remanufacturing, reuse and recycling in order to prepare for future battery compositions and provide insights to the need recycling methods to be developed to handle large amounts of batteries sustainably in the near future. The two most prominent material recovery techniques are hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy which are explored and assessed on their relative effectiveness, sustainability, and feasibility. Hydrometallurgy is a superior recycling method due to high material recovery and purity, very low emissions, high prevalence of chemical reuse and implementation of environmentally sustainable compounds. Expanding recycling technologies globally should take the research and technologies pioneered by Umicore to establish a sustainable recycling program for end-of-life EVs batteries. Emerging battery technology of Telsa show the most effective designs for high performance batteries includes the use of silicon which is expected to increase capacity of batteries in the future.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062258283","10.5603/KP.a2018.0245","2019-01-01","Impact of sex on the follow-up course and predictors of clinical outcomes in patients hospitalised due to myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries: A single-centre experience","Kardiologia Polska Copyright 04) were found to be predictors of MACCE in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Sex was not found to be significantly associated with clinical outcomes during the follow-up period in patients with MINOCA.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073474211","10.7717/peerj.7262","2019-01-01","Growth and development of soybean under changing light environments in relay intercropping system","Copyright Background: Maize-soybean relay-intercropping (MSR) is a famous system of crop production in developing countries. However, maize shading under this system directly affects the light quality and intensity of soybean canopy. This is a challenging scenario in which to implement the MSR system, in terms of varieties selection, planting pattern, and crop management since the duration of crop resource utilization clearly differs. Methods: Therefore, this experiment aimed to elucidate the effect of leaf excising treatments from maize top to fully clarify the needs and balance of light quality and intensity of intercrop-soybean under MSR in field conditions. The effects of different leaf excising treatments (T0, no removal of leaves; T2, removal of two topmost leaves; T4, removal of four topmost leaves; T6, removal of six topmost leaves from maize plants were applied at first-trifoliate stage (V1) of soybean) on photosynthetically active radiation transmittance (PART), red to far-red ratio (R:FR), morphological and photosynthetic characteristics and total biomass production at second-trifoliate stage (V2), fifth-trifoliate stage (V5), and flowering-stage (R1) of soybean were investigated through field experiments for 2-years under MSR. Results: As compared to T0, treatment T6 increased the PART and R:FR ratio at soybean canopy by 77% and 37% (V2), 70% and 34% (V5), and 41% and 36% (R1), respectively. This improved light environment in T6 considerably enhanced the leaf area index, SPAD values and photosynthetic rate of soybean plants by 66%, 25% and 49% at R1, respectively than T0. Similarly, relative to control, T6 also increased the stem diameter (by 29%) but decreased the plant height (by 23%) which in turn significantly increased stem breaking strength (by 87%) by reducing the lodging rate (by 59%) of soybean plants. Overall, under T6, relay-cropped soybean produced 78% of sole soybean seed-yield, and relay-cropped maize produced 81% of sole maize seed-yield. Our findings implied that by maintaining the optimum level of PART (from 60% to 80%) and R:FR ratio (0.9 to 1.1), we can improve morphological and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean plants in MSR. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the light environment when considering the sustainability of MSR via appropriate planting pattern selection.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85032653865","10.1080/15440478.2017.1379044","2019-01-02","Low-density polyethylene/sugarcane fiber composites from recycled polymer and treated fiber by steam explosion"," In this study, SCF has been treated by steam explosion and incorporated to low-density polyethylene waste (LDPEW) to generate LDPEW/SCF composites with higher fiber/polymer interaction and improved mechanical properties. LDPEW/SCF composites with fibers content until 20 wt% showed mechanical properties with performance adequate for nobler applications when compared to the isolated recycled LDPEW.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85056202697","10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.258","2019-01-10","Environmental indicators of banana production in Brazil: Cavendish and Prata varieties","44 m3 ha−1) due to the irrigation of this crop. Therefore, having the environmental indicators, producers can make improvements in crop management to reduce the environmental impact of the products. Moreover, indicators can be used for promoting the products to local and overseas consumers.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071501866","10.1089/trgh.2018.0026","2019-01-17","Unmet Health Care Needs among Young Transgender Women at Risk for HIV Transmission and Acquisition in Two Urban U.S. Cities: The LifeSkills Study","95]) were associated with a greater odds of having unmet health care needs. Conclusion: YTW face significant barriers to accessing health care in the United States. Among this sample, prior experiences of discrimination and inability to afford health care increased YTW odds of having unmet health care needs. Efforts to improve the unmet health care needs among YTW should promote access to affordable, gender-affirming care.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85054160100","10.1007/s11205-018-1853-z","2019-01-30","Television, Sustainability and Subjective Wellbeing in Peru","Earlier studies have concluded that television consumption is detrimental to environmental sustainability and people’s subjective wellbeing due to its promotion of consumerism and materialistic goals. However, recent evidence indicates that, in contexts of relative deprivation, television can be a source of wellbeing, a main provider of entertainment and information. This might present a conflict between the wellbeing of present and future generations, and might pose a challenge for sustainable development. This article contributes to the emergent debate on the role of television in sustainable development, by presenting a study of the effects of television viewing in a heterogeneous Peruvian sample (n = 500). Regression analysis results indicate that television consumption is negatively associated with sustainable attitudes, partially through the promotion of goals linked to materialism. The relationship between television consumption and happiness is not significant but becomes marginally positive when materialistic goals are accounted for. This study finds that in countries like Peru, television need not limit the wellbeing of present and future generations if materialistic messages are reduced and the content of environmental programmes is critically revised.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85054311499","10.1016/j.catena.2018.09.043","2019-02-01","Soil wet aggregate distribution and pore size distribution under different tillage systems after 16 years in the Loess Plateau of China","In the Loess Plateau of China, conventional tillage is defined as the tillage without crop residues left on the soil surface and ploughed twice a year. The use of alternative practices is a way to reduce soil erosion. Our objectives were to assess the long-term impacts of different soil tillage systems on soil physical and hydraulic characteristics, emphasizing management practices to improve the soil physical qualities (reduce bulk density and increase stability of aggregate) under the conservation tillage system in the Loess Plateau of China. Conventional tillage (CT), no tillage (NT), and sub-soiling (SS) were applied in this experiment. Soil wet aggregates distribution and stability, soil organic carbon (SOC) content, soil water retention curves and pore size distributions were measured. The results showed that in the 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm depth soil layers, NT and SS treatments showed a significantly higher proportion of wet aggregates >250 μm (macroaggregates) compared to CT. In these two layers, the proportion of wet aggregates <53 μm (microaggregates) was significantly higher in CT with respect to NT and SS. SOC content increased as the aggregate fraction size increased, and was higher within wet aggregates >250 μm than within the 250–53 μm and < 53 μm (silt + clay) fractions at both depths. In addition, the conservation tillage (NT and SS) can result in improved total porosity and reduced soil bulk density compared with CT in the surface layer. Pore size distribution in CT soil was unimodal, with the maximum in the 10–30 μm matrix pores of the surface layer. However, in the surface layer the pore size distributions from NT and SS showed a dual porosity curve, with two peaks in the matrix and structural pore areas. The 10–20 cm layer showed similar pore size distributions in each treatment. After scanning the soils by micro-computed tomography, we visualized the pore characteristics. The images showed that CT reduced the long and connected macropores compared with conservation tillage. Overall, soil aggregate stability and soil macropores are most improved under conservation tillage. Conservation tillage with crop residues should be adopted instead of conventional tillage, as an effort to improve crop yield and control soil erosion in the Loess Plateau of China.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057285926","10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.10.039","2019-02-01","Experiment-supported modelling of salt marsh establishment","Recently, the use of salt marshes in front of hard structures is increasingly proposed as a more sustainable coastal protection measure. Yet, salt marsh restoration and creation is often hampered by the lack of a thorough understanding of initial vegetation establishment. Recent studies highlight the importance of bed level change for salt marsh development. In this study we continue the examination of the impact of bed level change on salt marsh development, focussing on the prediction of salt marsh establishment and the implications for coastal management. First, a test with Spartina anglica seedlings (Cordgrass) in a wave flume showed that long-term (seasonal) bed level change is more important for seedling survival than direct wave impact at the shoot. Therefore, we subsequently incorporated bed level change in the Windows of Opportunity (WoO) framework. Lastly, this revised WoO framework was applied to the design of the Marconi pioneer salt marsh (The Netherlands). Combining the WoO framework with a morphodynamic model (Delft3D) showed its potential for salt marsh design. The framework can be used to determine whether salt marsh establishment is possible, to find out which conditions are limiting establishment and to design engineering measures creating the conditions that facilitate salt marsh establishment.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85050503723","10.1111/inm.12514","2019-02-01","‘Hiding in plain sight’: Exploring the complexity of sexual safety within an acute mental health setting","It is increasingly being recognized that individuals who access acute mental health services are at risk of sexual assault. Assaults may be perpetrated by other patients but also by staff working in mental health environments, although this latter group remain largely under-researched. Following a reported professional sexual assault and review of an acute inpatient mental health setting in the UK, the overall aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms and structures that were put into place following the investigation and in so doing examine the wider questions of sexual safety in acute mental health settings. A qualitative approach was utilized and involved interviews with clinical staff (n = 8). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data resulting in four main themes: ‘Feeling betrayed’: The relational context of the ward environment’; ‘Doing what we were meant to be doing’: Quality of leadership’; ‘Covering yourself’: Safeguarding practice; ‘The subtleties of abuse’: Complexities of safeguarding ‘. The findings of the study highlight the need for clear organizational structures of support, a clearer understanding of ‘sexual safety’, and education and training which explicitly addresses recognition and complexity of sexual violence.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062793172","10.3390/pr7020086","2019-02-01","Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of an innovative biogas membrane reformer for hydrogen production","2 €/kgH 2 ) at the same hydrogen delivery pressure of 20 bar. Between landfill and anaerobic digestion cases, the latter has the lower costs as a consequence of the higher methane content.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053221571","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.151","2019-02-10","Projections of water, carbon, and nitrogen dynamics under future climate change in an alpine tundra ecosystem in the southern Rocky Mountains using a biogeochemical model","Using statistically downscaled future climate scenarios and a version of the biogeochemical model (PnET-BGC) that was modified for use in the alpine tundra, we investigated changes in water, carbon, and nitrogen dynamics under the Representative Concentration Pathways at Niwot Ridge in Colorado, USA. Our simulations indicate that future hydrology will become more water-limited over the short-term due to the temperature-induced increases in leaf conductance, but remains energy-limited over the longer term because of anticipated future decreases in leaf area and increases in annual precipitation. The seasonal distribution of the water supply will become decoupled from energy inputs due to advanced snowmelt, causing soil moisture stress to plants during the growing season. Decreases in summer soil moisture are projected to not only affect leaf production, but also reduce decomposition of soil organic matter in summer despite increasing temperature. Advanced future snowmelt in spring and increasing rain to snow ratio in fall are projected to increase soil moisture and decomposition of soil organic matter. The extended growing season is projected to increase carbon sequestration by 2% under the high radiative forcing scenario, despite a 31% reduction in leaf display due to the soil moisture stress. Our analyses demonstrate that future nitrogen uptake by alpine plants is regulated by nitrogen supply from mineralization, but plant nitrogen demand may also affect plant uptake under the warmer scenario. PnET-BGC simulations also suggest that potential CO2 effects on alpine plants are projected to cause larger increases in plant carbon storage than leaf and root production.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85053750994","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.277","2019-02-15","Roofing material and irrigation frequency influence microbial risk from consuming homegrown lettuce irrigated with harvested rainwater","Rooftop harvested rainwater has become an alternative, potable, and non-potable water source used around the world. In the United States, rooftop harvested rainwater is most commonly used for irrigation. Rooftop harvested rainwater may contain contaminants from bird or animal feces that may present a risk to water users. Different roofing materials may influence the survival of fecal bacteria on the rooftop prior to runoff during rainfall. In this study, three pathogen groups (E. coli, enterococci and Salmonella enterica) in rooftop runoff from three, replicated roof types (asphalt shingle, synthetic slate, and wood shake) were quantified in multiple rain events. Matched roofs were selected from locations with differing amounts of tree cover. Enterococci were the most frequently detected bacteria from all roof types. Wood shake and asphalt shingle roofing materials had the poorest microbial water quality. Rainwater runoff from two of the six buildings failed to meet United States Food and Drug Administration microbial standards for irrigation water. A quantitative microbial risk assessment indicated that the annual probability of illness from consuming lettuce irrigated with rooftop harvested rainwater varied by roofing material, irrigation water withholding period, and exposure frequency. Consuming lettuce immediately after irrigation with rooftop rainwater presented the highest human health risk based on the probability of illness from E. coli and enterococci exposure. Withholding irrigation by 1 day prior to harvest decreased the annual probability of illness from E. coli by 2 log, but had a minimal effect on the risk from enterococci.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062406371","10.1088/1757-899X/471/11/112014","2019-02-24","Living Envelopes for Buildings-A Historic Parallel","According to Daniel Libeskind 'Architecture is not based on concrete and steel and the elements of the soil. It's based on wonder.' A building is a sculpture at a territorial scale. Integrated in the environment it may bring added value to the landscape (as in the case of the Sydney Opera House that became not only the symbol of the city but also of Australia). In a dry definition, a building is a plant: it shelters scheduled activities and interacts with the natural and built environment in a manner that led to comparisons with the medical world: we have building pathology, sick buildings, building skin, breathing structures etc. From the architects' point of view, a building is about space. From the engineers' point of view, a building is about performances. From the users' point of view, a building is about well-being (which is an immaterial notion). The building envelope has always been somewhere between material and immaterial: a combination of fashion and technology. In the past decades it has been analysed according to the essential requirements and classified in types and categories. As the necessity of preserving the planets' resources increases, the need to impose new requirements on the buildings increases as well as, according to modern researches, the most important energy consumers are the buildings and their users. In this context, the building envelope gains some new responsibilities and roles:-to save energy, to produce and (when appropriate) to harvest energy;-to diminish the type and amount of urban pollutants and to restore the quality of the microclimate of the environment Strange as it may seem, current trends in architecture turn to perennial principles of design that have always been taken into consideration in the traditional architecture or throughout history. Living envelope systems are in fashion, as the benefits of plants spin from providing better air quality by decreasing heat island effects to providing food in urban farms and from saving energy in buildings to preserving the natural environment. Buildings designed with living envelopes are millenary solutions. The paper focuses on making a parallel between contemporary architectural approaches and historic approaches regarding the building envelope.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067626392",,"2019-03-01","Housing cost burden and maternal stress among very low income mothers","As the affordable housing shortage proliferates, more American households struggle with high housing cost burdens. Grounded in Belsky’s (1984) parenting stress framework, we use a weighted low-income sample from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study of mothers who rent their homes (N = 388) to investigate a relationship between housing cost burden, or paying a substantial portion of income toward housing, and higher rates of reported maternal stress. Findings of the linear regression indicate that younger mothers and those paying 30% or more of their income each month toward rent have higher reported maternal stress scores. These findings are discussed with attention to practice and policy implications.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85059297893","10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.166","2019-03-01","Start-up evaluations and biocarriers transfer from a trickling filter to a moving bed bioreactor for synthetic mariculture wastewater treatment","069). Transmittance assigned to amide II (1538 cm−1) and amid III (1243 cm−1) through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) determination was only obtained in the TF, which was likely related to the faster start-up. Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira were detected as the predominant nitrifiers in both reactors. In addition, the new MBBR, incubated with the mature biocarriers transferred from the TF, had a satisfactory nitrification performance with no lag time. Interestingly, the transfer action increased the microbial diversity and made the biofilm physicochemical characteristics shift toward those of the MBBR. Taken together, the study confirmed that MBBR nitrification start-up can be accelerated via TF and biocarrier transfer.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061234946","10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.053","2019-03-01","Floating microplastics and aggregate formation in the Western Mediterranean Sea","50 items m−2). Abundances and chemical composition of microplastics are subject to temporal changes as a function of human activities in the areas of influence and shifting meteorological and sea-state conditions. We find that microplastics were on average smaller in mass than other studies conducted in the Mediterranean Sea indicating longer exposure times in the environment. The microplastic aggregation potential was determined by inspecting formed biogenic aggregates either during sample collection or in the laboratory. Smaller and more angular microplastics dominated in marine aggregates, representing an average 40% in abundance and 25% in mass of microplastics.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072762682","10.1109/ICCMC.2019.8819709","2019-03-01","Proposal of expert system to predict financial frauds using data mining"," To overcome this criticality we propose an efficient approach to find out if the transactions are legal or illegal by adopting Hash-based technique and Graph Theoretic Approach.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065395538","10.12963/csd.19590","2019-03-01","Developing Korean Version of Teacher Rating of Oral Language and Literacy (TROLL): A preliminary study 교사보고형 아동 언어능력 평가척도(TROLL) 개발을 위한 예비연구","849로 나타나 두 하위구인을 하나의 구인(초기문해)으로 취합하였다. 타 분석은 모두 적합한 결과를 도출하였으나 준거 타당도 결과 언어사용 하위척도와 공식검사 간 상관은 유의하지 않았다. 논의 및 결론: 교사보고형 아동 언어능력 평가척도는 국내의 학령전기 아동의 언어능력을 측정하기에 양호한 검사로 확인되었다. 다만, 변별력이 높지 않은 문항은 내용 수정이 필요하며, 이에 대한 제안을 논의하였다.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062398264","10.3928/00220124-20190218-05","2019-03-01","A program to enhance writing skills for advanced practice nurses","Background: Advanced practice RNs (APRNs) make important contributions to scholarly journals that are derived from scientific evidence and clinical practice. This article presents a writing program designed to enhance the writing skills of APRNs with a series of online modules, a workshop, and a manuscript checklist. Method: The writing program was implemented in a Doctor of Nursing Practice program and evaluated with a writing self-efficacy scale and open-ended questions. Results: Findings indicate self-efficacy was high after the writing program, and participants found the checklist to be useful. Conclusion: This program has potential as a course in a nursing school’s curriculum or as a continuing education class. Participants can use the program’s tools to maintain their writing skills and enhance publication success throughout their careers.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062622880","10.1186/s12913-019-3963-y","2019-03-07","Challenges faced by caregivers of virally non-suppressed children on the intensive adherence counselling program in Uganda: A qualitative study","Background: Of the estimated 130,000 children living with HIV in Uganda, 47% are receiving ART. Only 39.3% have suppressed HIV-1 viral load to levels below 50 copies per ml. Caregivers are key drivers of adherence to achieve viral suppression in children. We investigated the challenges and potential support required by caregivers of ART-treated children. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted within the Infectious Diseases Institute paediatric ART program in Kampala and Hoima districts. Caregivers of children with viral loads above 1000 copies were purposively sampled and engaged in five focus group discussions (FGD). The FGD guide highlighted questions on challenges that caregivers face and the kind of support they required to improve children's ART adherence. Thematic analysis using the inductive approach was used. All the transcripts were read, coded and emergent themes determined. Results: Overall, 37 caregivers participated in five FGD, of whom 29 (78%) were female, 28 (76%) were HIV-infected and 25 (68%) were biological parents of the children. The elicited challenges were either in failure to attend the counselling sessions or in supporting adherence to medication. Individual and health system challenges such as competing priorities, logistics, poor quality of counselling and lack of reminders prevented attendance at counselling sessions. Five themes emerged as challenges to supporting adherence: i) environmental (school activities, working away from home), ii) personal (non-disclosure, stigma), iii) psychological (guilt), iv) financial (lack of food and transport) and v) child-related (fatigue and peer influence). Three major themes emerged for the support that caregivers needed namely: a) health system reforms (clinic appointments outside school hours, minimize ART drug stock outs and improve quality of counselling), b) psychosocial support (support with disclosure of HIV status to children and their families, more frequent peer support groups and parenting classes) and c) economic empowerment (training in vocational skills, school fees support and opportunities to initiate income generating activities). Discussion and conclusion: To achieve viral suppression, ART programs require targeted efforts to provide specific health facility requirements, psychological and economic needs of ART-treated children and their caregivers. Integration of HIV treatment with programs for orphans and vulnerable children may improve viral suppression rates.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85057407916","10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.11.005","2019-03-15","Subsurface transport and potential risk of phosphorus to groundwater across different land uses in a karst springs basin, Florida, USA","Excess phosphorus (P) loading due to anthropogenic activities has been identified as a primary cause of surface water eutrophication, but it is controversial whether P is a contributor to groundwater contamination. In this study, subsurface transport of P to groundwater and its environmental risk across different land uses was investigated in a karstic springs basin, Florida, USA. Eleven sites including 5 agricultural sites, 5 urban, and 1 pine plantation were selected. Boreholes were drilled to collect soils from surface, vadose zone, and aquifer at 0.6 m depth intervals. Water-extractable P (WSP), Mehlich 3-P, Al, and Fe, soil P storage capacity (SPSC), and P sorption isotherm parameters were obtained for soils from selected depths. We found that agricultural sites particularly horse farms, and urban sites with golf courses and septic tanks showed high risk of P leaching with TP concentrations in the groundwater above the numeric criteria for streams in the north central Florida (0.3 mg L−1). Besides land use which reflected P loadings in the surface soils, significant positive correlations of P sorption maximum (Smax) with M3-Fe, Al, and organic matter, and the precipitation of P by calcium bicarbonate, imply the mechanism regulating soil P attenuation in vadose and saturated zones, respectively. Negative SPSC values were significantly negatively correlated with WSP in all the zones, suggesting the applicability of SPSC in deep soils. Moreover, high TP concentration was observed in the groundwater at one site where the SPSC value changed from positive in the surface soils to negative in the subsoils, indicating that an additive SPSC value to water table would be more robust for evaluating the potential of P leaching before moving down to the limestone area.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063482395","10.1186/s12877-019-1108-0","2019-03-25","The clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of cryptococcal meningitis in elderly patients: A hospital-based study","Background: The elderly, and especially those with an immuno-compromised status, are vulnerable to infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in elderly patients in Taiwan. Methods: Ninety-nine adult patients with CM were identified during a 15-year study period (2002-2016), of whom 38 elderly (≥ 65 years) patients (16 men and 22 women, median age 72.9 years; range 65-86 years) were included for analysis. The clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of these patients were analyzed and compared to non-elderly adult patients (< 65 years) with CM. Results: Among the 38 patients, diabetes mellitus was the most common underlying condition (15), followed by adrenal insufficiency (7), malignancy (6), hematologic disorders (5), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (5), autoimmune diseases (3), liver cirrhosis (3) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1). Altered consciousness (29), fever (21) and headache (17) were the leading clinical manifestations. Positive cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures for Cryptococcus (C.) neoformans were found in 26 and 9 patients, respectively. There were significant differences in gender, altered consciousness and recent cerebral infarction between the elderly and non-elderly groups. The elderly group had a high mortality rate (36.8%, 14/38), and the presence of cryptococcemia was the most significant prognostic factor. Conclusions: This study offers a preliminary view of the clinical characteristics of CM in the elderly. The results suggest that elderly patients (≥ 65 years) are more vulnerable to CM than adults aged < 65 years. Compared to the non-elderly group, the elderly group had female predominance, higher rates of altered consciousness and recent cerebral infarction as the clinical presentation. The presence of cryptococcemia was a significant prognostic factor in the elderly group. This study is limited by the small number of patients, and further large-scale studies are needed to better delineate this specific infectious syndrome.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061759883","10.1007/s11356-019-04480-z","2019-04-01","Preparation and study of a new type of Fe–C microelectrolysis filler in oil-bearing ballast water treatment","6942 nm. Meanwhile, the results of our XRD analysis showed that some fillers were metal oxides, and most of them were simple metal substances.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060351482","10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.01.003","2019-04-01","Passive exposure to pollutants from conventional cigarettes and new electronic smoking devices (IQOS, e-cigarette) in passenger cars","8 μg/m 3 ). Tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and the IQOS are all avoidable sources of indoor pollutants. To protect the health of other non-smoking passengers, especially that of sensitive individuals such as children and pregnant women, these products should not be used in cars.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063466711","10.1038/s41558-019-0441-9","2019-04-01","Diversity in decision-making","Women have typically been excluded from forest conservation programs due to traditional decision-making structures in their villages and local governments. Research now shows that greater representation of women in forest-user groups leads to more equitable sharing of program benefits and increases conservation outcomes.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85064747938","10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026638","2019-04-01","Extent and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure for tuberculosis care in Chongqing municipality, China: A cross-sectional study","Objective To investigate the extent and associations of patient/diagnostic delay and other potential factors with catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) for tuberculosis (TB) care in Chongqing municipality, China. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting Four counties of Chongqing municipality, China. Participants A total of 1199 patients with active pulmonary TB beyond 16 years and without mental disorders were consecutively recruited in the four counties' designated TB medical institutions. Outcome measures The incidence and intensity of CHE for TB care were described. The association between patients' 'sociodemographic and clinical characteristics such as patient delay, diagnostic delay, forms of TB, health insurance status and hospitalisation and CHE were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results The incidence of CHE was 52.8% and out-of-pocket (OOP) payments were 93% of the total costs for TB care. Compared with patients without delay, the incidence and intensity of CHE were higher in patients who had patient delay or diagnostic delay. Patients who experienced patient delay or diagnostic delay, who was a male, elderly (≥60 years), an inhabitant, a peasant, divorced/widow, the New Cooperative Medical Scheme membership had greater risks of incurring CHE for TB care. Having a higher educational level appeared to be a protective factor. However, hospitalisation was not associated with CHE after controlling for other variables. Conclusion The incidence and intensity of CHE for TB care are high, which provides baseline data about catastrophic costs that TB-related households faced in Chongqing of China. Variety of determinants of CHE implicate that it is essential to take effective measures to promote early seeking care and early diagnosis, improve the actual reimbursement rates of health insurance, especially for outpatients, and need more fine-tuned interventions such as precise poverty alleviation to reduce catastrophic costs of the vulnerable population.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85064080992","10.3390/su11072034","2019-04-01","Coupling research on land use and travel behaviors along the tram based on accessibility measurement-Taking Nanjing Chilin Tram Line 1 as an example","The expansion of urban space makes citizens more dependent on cars, resulting in various urban environmental and traffic problems. Advocating low-carbon travel and building a sustainable low-carbon city are the major trends of urban development. Many scholars have pointed out that the urban spatial environment will lead residents to change their travel modes, but the residents' travel patterns will also have an impact on the urban spatial layout. Based on the interaction between the two, most of the studies have been evaluated and studied from the level of rail transit and normal bus transit. The traffic volume level of trams lies between the rail transit and the normal public transit. However, the research and discussion on the relationship between the surrounding land use and residents' travel behaviors are not yet perfect domestically. This paper takes Nanjing Chilin Tram Line 1 in China as the research object, combines the research of the the social attributes of the passengers who live along the tram line and the psychological accessing threshold of different travel purposes, provides analysis and evaluations of the coupling degree between the present situation of land use around its various stations and the residents' actual travel demand with the measure of accessibility. The traffic volume level of trams lies between the rail transit and the normal public transit. However, the research and discussion on the relationship between the surrounding land use and residents' travel behaviors are not yet perfect domestically. Taking Nanjing Chilin Tram Line 1 in China as the research object, this paper combines the research of the the social attributes of the passengers who live along the tram line and the psychological accessing threshold of different travel purposes. Furthermore, based on the measure of accessibility, it provides the analysis and evaluations of the coupling degree between the present situation of land use around its various stations and the residents' actual travel demand. The research method of this paper is divided into three parts. Firstly, based on the questionnaire and OD survey, the coupling degree between the type of the station along the tram line and the distribution of passenger flow and the purpose of passenger travel is analyzed. Secondly, the KLP model is used to calculate and determine the effective influence range of the tram through the critical accessing distance for pedestrians psychologically. Based on different psychological thresholds for different purposes, the land use index within the influence range of the station is evaluated and analyzed, and the controlled circle of land use around each type of station is defined. Finally, the coupling degree between the actual land use status in each circle and residents' psychological threshold with different purposes is analyzed, and the optimization strategy is proposed from the coupling degree between the overall station type & passenger flow along the line and the land use layout around the station & the residents' psychological threshold.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065139564","10.1080/17453054.2019.1573633","2019-04-03","How colour and visual complexity affect the evaluation of skin cancer infographics: an experiment study"," The findings suggested colour and visual complexity were both strong predictors of information evaluation in infographic and they should be chosen carefully in the design of infographics.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85056340704","10.1007/s11852-018-0669-y","2019-04-15","Local benthic assemblages in shallow rocky reefs find refuge in a marine protected area at Madeira Island","The patterns of variability in the composition and structure of benthic communities along two depth strata (5 and 10 m) and the presence of sea urchins in structuring the subtidal rocky reefs were quantified in a long-established coastal marine protected area (Garajau MPA) and in two size equivalent and contiguous impacted areas (one highly urbanized and other with high fishing pressure) at Madeira Island (northeast Atlantic). Results suggest i) the MPA could be acting as a refuge for local biodiversity, ii) communities from the highly fished area could be suffering an impoverishment of local biodiversity, and iii) communities from the highly urbanized area would be enriched by the establishment of opportunistic species. These findings support that the level of human-pressure likely plays an important role in the composition of benthic communities in this insular ecosystem, although this was more relevant at the shallower stratum where the key grazer Diadema africanum explained 65% of the variance of benthic assemblages. It is suggested that this MPA small dimension and proximity to human impacted areas are limiting the survival of predators of the D. africanum.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065337567","10.1088/1742-6596/1188/1/012019","2019-04-26","The nonparametric regression model using Fourier series approximation and penalized least squares (PLS) (case on data proverty in East Java)","28.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85061527405","10.1016/j.algal.2019.101436","2019-05-01","Physiological differences in photosynthetic inorganic carbon utilization between gametophytes and sporophytes of the economically important red algae Pyropia haitanensis"," In addition, a decrease in pH from 9 to 6 significantly increased the photosynthetic rates of both the thalli and conchocelis by about 100% and 600%, respectively. Thus, both phases have potential for carbon capture from flue gases and carbon sequestration.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063627777","10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.032","2019-05-01","Beached microplastics in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea","Microplastics are small (<5 mm) fragments of plastic debris that are ubiquitous in coastal areas and in open ocean. We have investigated the occurrence and composition of microplastics in beach sediments from the micro-tidal Northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Samples were collected on two beaches (northern and southern site) of the western Gulf of Lion showing markedly different characteristics. Sampling was performed along depositional lower, mid and upper beaches and repeated after 1 month. Concentrations of microplastics in the northern and southern site were highly variable, ranging from 33 to 798 and from 12 to 187 microplastics per kg of dry sediment, respectively. Highest concentrations were found at three specific locations: nearby a local river mouth, within an accretionary area and in a depositional upper beach. The spatial and temporal distribution of beached microplastics seems to be directly dependent on external forcing such as wind, swell, precipitation, outflow and river mouth proximity.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072052778","10.1109/JURSE.2019.8808947","2019-05-01","Satellite-based emergency notification system to support cities during extreme temperature events","Remote sensing of urban areas can provide valuable data about the function of cities. The considerable technological improvements of the last decade provide new opportunities to use such data and open the way for the development of new applications and services. To that end, this work discusses the use of satellite thermal data in heat-health applications for disaster risk reduction (DRR). In particular, this paper presents how EXTREMA (EXTReme tEMperature Alerts for Europe), a 2018 funded European civil protection program, converts geostationary thermal image data into actionable information. This information has the form of personalized heatwave risk estimations that can be readily used by the general public and the city authorities.",,,1,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85068472400","10.1386/chor.10.1.113_1","2019-05-01","Backyard activisms: Site dance, permaculture and sustainability","Site dance performance offers creative opportunities for social and environmental activism. Conversely, social and environmental activism is becoming increasingly performative in seeking to evocatively engage a wide range of community members in both local and global concerns. The following pages focus on how research poetry arising in the creative process of developing performances of site dance may support activism. Drawing on interdisciplinary understandings of permaculture and sustainability and new approaches in narrative representation, the research poetry expresses backyard activism in a complementary manner to the site dance itself. The poetry synthesizes creative journal entries relating to somatic improvisation and choreography with dancers, and interviews and discussions with relevant community members. In Aotearoa New Zealand and in this wider neo-liberal era, urban residents are moving away from backyard gardening and local seasonal produce, and towards consumption of mass-produced, regulated and imported foods. In this context, community activism through performance may support local and alternative food movements and speak back to dominant, sociocultural and political power systems and norms relating to food production, consumption and sustainability.",,1,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065248988","10.1186/s12992-019-0468-8","2019-05-02","Cardio-metabolic disease risk factors among South Asian labour migrants to the Middle East: A scoping review and policy analysis","This paper aims to explore the burgeoning burden of cardiovascular and metabolic disease (CMD) risk factors among South Asian labor migrants to the Middle East. We conducted a qualitative synthesis of literature using PubMed/Medline and grey literature searches, supplemented by a policy review of policies from the South Asian countries. We found a high burden of cardio-metabolic risk factors among the migrants as well as among the populations in the home and the host countries. For example, two studies reported the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) ranging between 9 and 17% among South Asian migrants. Overweight and obesity were highly prevalent amongst South Asian male migrants; prevalence ranged from 30 to 66% (overweight) and 17-80% (obesity) respectively. The home country population had a significant CMD risk factor burden. Nearly 14 to 40% have three or more risk factors: such as hypertension (17 to 37%), diabetes (3 to 7%), overweight (18 to 41%), and obesity (2 to 15%). The host country also exhibited similar burden of risk factors: hypertension (13 to 38%), diabetes (8 to 17%), overweight (33 to 77%) and obesity (35 to 41%). Only Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka have some provisions related to screening of CMDs before labor migration. Further, analysis of policy papers showed that none of the reviewed documents had requirements for screening of any specific CMDs, but chronic diseases were used generically, failing to specify specific screening target. Given the high burden of risk factors, migrants' health should become an urgent priority. The lack of specific focus on screening during different stages of labor migration should receive attention. The International Labour Organization and the International Office for Migration, through their country coordination teams should engage local stakeholders to create policies and plans to address this concern. Similarly, there is a need for the host country to become an equal partner in these efforts, as migrant's better cardiometabolic health is in the benefit of both host and home countries.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065564091","10.1039/c8nr10003a","2019-05-14","An integrative bioinspired venation network with ultra-contrasting wettability for large-scale strongly self-driven and efficient water collection","Collection of water from the atmosphere is a potential route to alleviate the global water shortage. However, it is still difficult to find a strategy to collect sufficient water on a large surface and transport it all off the surface without additional energy input. Inspired by redbud leaves, herein, we proposed a new water-collecting configuration. This configuration utilizes an ultra-contrasting wettability venation network with hierarchical micro-nano structures as the skeleton and integrates the strategies evolved by cacti and beetles. This venation network was fabricated by the technology based on ultra-fast lasers. We achieved a near-unity efficiency in collecting and centralizing the condensed water on the entire surface with a large area. Remarkable water collection and centralization capability were obtained. The venation networks manifested the notable enhancements of ∼166%, ∼352% and ∼644% in water collection efficiency when compared with conventional superhydrophobic surfaces at the tilt angles of 90°, 60° and 30°, respectively. This configuration can work continuously at all tilt angles, even against gravity at a negative tilt angle of 90°. In addition, the venation network can maintain excellent water collecting capability even under very arid conditions. The principle and fabrication technology of this venation network make it possible to scale up a practical network device for mass water collection and may be useful for water desalination, heat transfer, microfluidics, lab-on-a-chip, distillation and many other applications.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85066987502","10.1088/1755-1315/278/1/012030","2019-05-23","Macroalgae on the Rocky Shore of the Southern Coast of Garut, West Java, Indonesia","The rocky shore of the southern coast of Garut, which is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean, is strongly influenced by large energy waves. This condition has an impact on marine biota, especially macroalgae. Macroalgae that grow in these waters are macroalgae with high adaptation. The aims of this study were to determine the diversity, adaptation and potency of macroalgae on the rocky shore of the southern coast of Garut, West Java. Observation of macroalgae on the southern coast of Garut was conducted on May 2016. The study was conducted in nine locations, namely Bubujung, Karang Paranje, Santolo Indah, Karang Papak, Taman Manalusu, Cicalobak, Karang Wangi, Ranca Buaya 1 dan Ranca Buaya 2. Macroalgae samples were collected by the transect quadrate method. Parameters measured were species, standing crops biomass and substrates of macroalgae. A total of 44 species (21 genera) of macroalgae have been successfully collected from the southern coast of Garut, West Java. The adaptation of macroalgae on the large energy waves was by morphological changes. There are 13 of 21 genera of macroalgae that were collected which were the economically potential. Hormophysa, Padina, Sargassum and Turbinaria are alginate producers, whereas, Gelidiella and Gracilaria are agarose producers.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070281731","10.1002/osp4.329","2019-06-01","Early weight loss in a standalone mHealth intervention predicting treatment success","0001). Over half (57%) of early responders achieved ≥5% weight loss at 3 months vs. 11% of early non-responders. At 4 weeks, self-monitoring frequency (weight/diet) was significantly greater among early responders, which continued across 12 weeks. Conclusion: Responding early to an mHealth treatment is associated with higher engagement and greater likelihood of achieving clinically meaningful weight loss.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060942170","10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.01.063","2019-06-01","Land use effects in riverscapes: Diversity and environmental drivers of stream fish communities in protected, agricultural and urban landscapes","Increasing agriculture and urbanization inevitably lead to changes in the biodiversity of stream ecosystems. However, few studies examined comprehensively how biodiversity is distributed within and among protected, agricultural and urban land use types in streams. We studied environmental characteristics of streams and patterns of species richness and other community attributes of stream fish communities in these three characteristic land use types in the catchment of the Danube River, Hungary. Land use separated streams to some degree based on their environmental characteristics. However, both between stream environmental and fish community variability were high in most types, and comparable to land use type level differences in case of many streams. A variety of environmental gradients influenced fish community structure rather independently of land use type, which was also influenced by spatial drivers. Non-native fishes modified the structure of native fish communities, especially in agricultural streams, although their modification effect varied more among individual streams than among land use types. In conclusion, land use type proved to be a poor predictor of fish communities in this human modified landscape. We found that even intensively managed areas (i.e. agricultural and urban) can contribute to the maintenance of fish diversity in this biogeographic region, or at least their potential can be comparable to those streams which flow in protected areas. Thus, conservation management should focus on maintaining streams in more natural condition in protected areas and/or use the potential of non-protected agricultural and urban streams in maintaining fish diversity in human modified landscapes.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85063289709","10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.009","2019-06-01","Microbial groups and their functions control the decomposition of coniferous litter: A comparison with broadleaved tree litters","The conversion of secondary forests to pure coniferous plantations leads to a decrease in soil quality partly because of the slow decomposition rate of coniferous litter. Microbial decomposers directly regulate the decomposition process. However, little is known about how litter type and microbial communities including both bacteria and fungi interact to affect decomposition rates. A field experiment was performed consisting of seven treatments (i.e., four tree litters: Quercus mongolica, Juglans mandshurica, Acer mono, and Larix gmelinii) in which either monospecific litters or mixtures of larch litter with each broadleaved tree litter (mass ratio was 1:1) were placed into litterbags, and the microbial community composition and enzyme activities were measured. The results showed that in monospecific litters, the highest mass loss was observed in Acer litter, followed by Quercus, Juglans, and Larix litters. Furthermore, synergistic non-additive mixture effects were found in the Larix-Acer and Larix-Quercus mixtures. Most of the abundant bacterial taxa and potential functional genes encoding the hydrolytic enzymes were not significantly affected by the litter type. In contrast, each litter type was characterized by a specific fungal community, as well as different patterns of extracellular enzyme activity. The most abundant fungal decomposers in Larix litter during the first 540 days of decomposition, such as Meria, Lambertella, Venturia, and Ochroconis, were negatively correlated with most of the enzymatic activities, which possibly explains the slower decomposition rate of Larix litter. In conclusion, mixing Larix litter with broadleaved litters could change the microbial community composition, and accelerate the decomposition of hemicelluloses and lignin. Introducing broadleaved tree species with fast litter turnover rates by allowing natural regeneration and planting broadleaved tree species in pure larch plantations may be an effective way to restore soil quality in temperate forest regions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067652454","10.1111/aec.12745","2019-06-01","Woody species in resource-rich microrefugia of granite outcrops display unique functional signatures"," These findings suggest that species in microrefugia may be characterised by unique functional signatures, illustrating the utility of comparative trait-based approaches to improve understanding of the functioning of refugia.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071671898","10.16135/j.issn1002-0861.2018.0129","2019-06-01","Simultaneous determination of ten polyphenols in tobacco leaves with high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry 高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法同时测定烟叶中10种多酚类化合物","05) and the chlorogenic acid content was higher in TMV-infected tobacco than in the control. 3) The contents of procyanidine B2, keracyanin chloride, and scopoletin were not significantly affected by TMV infection. This method could be used to simultaneously determine a variety of endogenous polyphenols with good sensitivity, precision and recovery.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070952525","10.5902/198050984016","2019-06-01","Use of geotextile collars for revegetation of a fragment of gallery forest in the Brasília botanical garden, Brazil: Seedlings survival and development Uso de mantas geotêxteis na revegetação de um fragmento de mata de galeria no jardim botânico de Brasília - DF: Sobrevivência e desenvolvimento de mudas","Human activities have caused damage to Cerrado, the second largest biome in Brazil. Among the most threatened Cerrado phyto-physiognomies stand out gallery forests. Many projects have aimed at gallery forest restoration, but herb invasion hinders the establishment and development of Cerrado woody species. In this scenario, 2 ha of gallery forest along Cabeça de Veado stream within the Brasília Botanical Garden were cleared for subsistence agriculture and the area was subsequently dominated by Melinis minutiflora Beauv. (molasses grass). Some attempts at site restoration have failed due to competition between M. minutiflora and planted tree seedlings. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of using geotextile collars made of natural fibers on survival and development of Cerrado tree seedlings introduced in the area dominated by molasses grass. Seedlings of third native tree species were planted in holes chemically fertilized, and half of seedlings received geotextile collars while the other half did not for experimental control purpose. Four surveys were carried out, when survival, seedling height and diameter were measured. Results indicate that the geotextile collars increased seedlings survival in 19.6% and seven out third species achieved greater allometric increment from the use of geotextile collars. Increments of two species were higher in the absence of collars and the increment of half of species was not significantly affect by the geotextile protection.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067284716","10.1186/s12889-019-7108-3","2019-06-13","You feel like you're part of something bigger: Exploring motivations for community garden participation in Melbourne, Australia","Background: Increased global urbanisation has led to public health challenges. Community gardens are identified as a mechanism for addressing socio-ecological determinants of health. This study aims to explore motives for joining community gardens, and the extent to which participation can be facilitated given barriers and enablers to community gardening. Such a study fills a gap in the public health literature, particularly in the Australian context. Methods: This paper presents findings from semi-structured interviews with 23 participants from 6 community gardens across Melbourne. Applying phenomenological, epistemological and reflexive methodologies and thematic analysis of the data, this study provides a snapshot of drivers of community garden participation. Results: Results were categorised into six enabling themes to participation. These themes revolved around (i) family history, childhood and passion for gardening; (ii) productive gardening, sustainability and growing fresh produce in nature; (iii) building social and community connections; (iv) community and civic action; (v) stress relief; and (vi) building identity, pride and purpose. Time costs incurred, garden governance and vandalism of garden spaces were among the barriers to community garden participation. Conclusion: Although an interest in the act of gardening itself may be universally present among community gardeners to varying degrees, the findings of this study suggest that motivations for participation are diverse and span a range of ancestral, social, environmental, and political domains. This study contributes exploratory insights on community garden motivations and sustained involvement across multiple urban sites in Melbourne (Australia). This study recommends extending this work by undertaking future quantitative research that can move from local case studies to a national guidelines on how to engage more people in urban agriculture activities like community gardening.",,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067893577","10.1108/EJIM-05-2018-0103","2019-06-19","Decision making under uncertainty? R&D activity and market value during financial crisis","Purpose: In the research & development (R&D) and innovation management literature, the question of whether or not to perform research in the private sector is always a pertinent one. Several studies have used market value to measure its association with a firm’s R&D performance. Nevertheless, in Europe there have been considerably less studies as compared to the USA because the analysis is complicated by data issues and different country-specific laws. The purpose of this paper is to further advance this field of research. The study provides insights into the strategic decision behind conducting R&D. Design/methodology/approach: The econometric analysis is based on a unique panel data set of 133 companies in 13 European countries which is collected from the Bloomberg database covering the time period from 2002 to 2012. Findings: The empirical findings are as follows: there is weak evidence in support of the hypothesis that R&D expenditure positively affects the firm’s market value, a fact which is confirmed by other published works; there is weak evidence that economic events can disrupt the connection of R&D programs with the market value of firms; and for a highly controversial topic in the literature, data suggest that small firms are rather favoured more from R&D expenditure than large firms. Originality/value: The current study expands the discussion regarding the effect of R&D on the market value of firms via empirical evidence, within the specific environment of the European financial crisis. Future managerial, informed-based, decisions can be drawn on the present results.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060241201","10.1002/ep.13143","2019-07-01","Characterization and evaluation of reactive dye adsorption onto Biochar Derived from Turbinaria conoides Biomass","1 M HNO3, HCl, H2SO4, NaOH, Na2CO3, and EDTA) indicated that NaOH performed better in releasing RBB from dye-bounded biochar with elution efficiency of 99.5%. The regenerated biochar sample was restored and successfully employed for three sorption-elution cycles. ",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065705400","10.1016/j.eiar.2019.02.001","2019-07-01","Evaluating impacts of marine governance on human communities: Testing aspects of a human impact assessment model","A human impact assessment (HIA) model was developed to guide research to understand how changes in a fishery can impact fishermen and fishing communities. Path analysis demonstrates that job satisfaction is an important variable intervening between marine governance and well-being. Individual-level variables in the demographic latent variable influence aspects of job satisfaction as well as well-being. It is variance in management that influences satisfaction with fishing which has a direct effect on well-being. In the HIA model, the three components of job satisfaction (self-actualization, income, and psycho-social) have the greatest total impact on well-being. The model also indicates complex relationships between management, fishing activity attributes, job satisfaction, and individual and social attributes. Relationships between community context and differences in job satisfaction in the Northeast and Alaska regions confirmed that these factors, also included in the HIA model, are important aspects of impact assessment. Results help to show that changes in ocean governance have impacts on the human communities who use these important resources. To anticipate and ameliorate potential impacts on human well-being as indicated by tools such as the HIA model, research needs to be accomplished to appropriately design and account for these impacts.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85060753523","10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.01.017","2019-07-01","Review on the treatment of organic pollutants in water by ultrasonic technology","The application of ultrasonic technology in the treatment of organic pollutants in water has attracted more and more attention in recent years. Compared with conventional treatment, ultrasonic treatment is more efficient and time saving. Ultrasonic technology is effective for the degradation of many refractory organic pollutants. In this paper, the principle, influencing factors and various methods of ultrasonic degradation of organic pollutants are studied in view of ultrasonic treatment alone, ultrasound treatment methods combined with biocatalysts, chemical oxidation and adsorption techniques, respectively. In addition, the problems existing in the treatment of organic pollutants in water by ultrasonic technology are analyzed and the development direction is put forward.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85059845386","10.1111/fog.12420","2019-07-01","Dynamics of early life-history stages of fish along an estuarine gradient","This study aimed to identify the spatial and temporal patterns of composition and distribution of early life-history stages of fish along an estuarine gradient. Samples were collected quarterly between April 2010 and January 2011 using conical-cylindrical plankton nets in the Vaza Barris estuarine river system (NE Brazil). A total of 38,781 fish eggs and 3,526 larvae, representing 20 families and 42 taxa, were caught. The most abundant larval taxa were Microgobius meeki, Ctenogobius gr. smaragdus/boleosoma, Gobionellus oceanicus, Ctenogobius gr. stigmaticus/saepepallens/shufeldti, Bairdiella ronchus, Achirus sp., Trinectes sp., Stellifer rastrifer and S. stellifer, accounting together for 34.5% of the total catch. Ichthyoplankton distributions were characterized by high seasonal and spatial variability mainly attributed to the environmental characteristics of the estuary. Overall, lower estuarine region served as important accumulation areas for ichthyoplankton, concentrating the greatest diversity and abundance. Salinity gradient, water temperature, and inorganic nutrients were the main variables that affected the larval fish assemblages, presumably influencing spawning, development and survival of individuals or through their effect on food supply. Moreover, this study reinforced the concept that hydrological variations may have a strong influence on estuarine species retention and marine species immigration. Finally, this study highlights the importance of estuaries for the growth and maintenance of stocks of fish species, and the development of strategies to protect these habitats is of utmost relevance.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85069956842","10.2478/ajis-2019-0041","2019-07-01","Women's Household Decision-Making and Intimate Partner Violence in Ethiopia","Women's household decision-making, a reflection of interpersonal power dynamics in intimate relationships is assumed to play a central role in eliminating violence against women. Thus we sought to examine the association between women's household decision-making autonomy and the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among Ethiopian women. We used data gathered in the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS-2016). We limited our study to ever-married women (aged: 15-49 years) who responded to the domestic violence questions (n = 4,469). Sampling weights were applied and effects associated with complex survey design were accounted for. Overall, 24%, 23.1%, and 10.1% of women have experienced emotional abuse, physical violence, or sexual violence, respectively in their lifetimes. The relationship between demographic variables and IPV were inconsistent and mostly non-significant. We found significant association between decision-making autonomy and IPV variables. Women who made decisions jointly with their husbands/partners had lower risk of domestic violence as compared to women with low level of household decision-making autonomy. No significant difference between women in the low and high level of decision-making groups. Egalitarian family power structures may be beneficial toward reducing IPV and achieving gender equality in Ethiopia.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071335577","10.1080/00987913.2019.1644699","2019-07-03","Tips for Teaching Library Instruction and Information Literacy to First-Gen College Students, Nontraditional Students, or English as a Second Language (ESL) Students","Librarians are charged with providing effective library instruction (i.e., how to utilize the library, how to conduct research, etc.) while also effectively teaching library users information literacy skills (how to interpret and evaluate the information they are accessing). Challenges that librarians face when trying to accomplish these tasks may include time constraints in the classroom, students who are not tech savvy, students who don’t understand library terminology, and students who don’t understand information literacy as a whole. The purpose of this article is to briefly describe scenarios that librarians could encounter when both teaching library instruction as well as teaching information literacy—scenarios that could hinder the learning processes for students and library users. Tips and suggestions are provided that can help librarians assess the diverse makeup of the class attendees to tailor their instruction session. Tips and suggestions are also provided to help librarians better engage students and users during library instruction and information literacy instruction.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85068938363","10.1186/s13063-019-3473-6","2019-07-08","The effect of a postpartum IUD intervention on counseling and choice: Evidence from a cluster-randomized stepped-wedge trial in Sri Lanka","gov, NCT02718222. Registered on 11 March 2016 (retrospectively registered).",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85064458092","10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.335","2019-07-20","Leather tanning: Life cycle assessment of retanning, fatliquoring and dyeing","09·10−2 kg of 1,4-DBeq kg−1 crust leather, respectively). Nitrate loads from wastewater treatment and oxidative treatments affect heavily marine eutrophication (6.9·10−1 g N eq kg−1 crust leather). The use of epoxidized vegetable oil would affect human toxicity, ecosystem, metal and water resources depletion more than the use of sulpho chlorinated paraffin, mainly due to pesticides distribution and other cultivation practices. Phosphate and nitrate releases due to fertilization determine the high impact on the categories freshwater and marine eutrophication. Progress in increasing the conversion efficiency is demanded, but overall focus must be made on the substitution of fossil fuels with cleaner alternatives. The transition towards a circular economy is encouraged; increasing rates of reduction, reuse, recycle and recover of solid waste and tannery effluents are recommended. Agricultural practices with a reduced consumption of phytosanitary products and mineral fertilizers, alternative to conventional farming, would strongly contribute to increase the sustainability of epoxidized vegetable oil as alternative fatliquoring agent.",,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85066796109","10.1007/s10113-019-01516-5","2019-08-01","Adapting to change in inland fisheries: analysis from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa","Fisheries around the world are declining due to growing anthropogenic pressures including climate change and overexploitation. Understanding how small-scale fishers respond to this unprecedented challenge is critical for developing more effective management strategies in vulnerable socio-ecological systems. While considerable research is focused on adaptation to change in marine contexts, greater attention is urgently needed on regionally important but often neglected inland fisheries. This study analyzes the adaptation intentions of littoral fishers on Lake Tanganyika, a biodiversity hotspot and one of the largest inland fisheries in Africa. Data were collected through in-person surveys of 154 littoral fishers across 11 major landing sites in Tanzania. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, we identified and tested 15 individual and site-level factors as potential indicators of adaptation intentions to a hypothetical 50% decline in catch. Our results show that fishers with other (non-fishing) primary livelihoods are more likely to adapt in ways that decrease fishing pressure, increase income, and are supported by family and friends. Homeowners were also more likely to adapt in ways that lessen fishing pressure. Our findings highlight the importance of fostering regional adaptation strategies that increase primary livelihood alternatives and capital outside the fishery, while discouraging investment in adaptations focused on increasing catch amount or fishing income.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85066930836","10.1016/j.flora.2019.05.009","2019-08-01","Can asexual reproduction by plant fragments help to understand the invasion of the NW Iberian coast by Spartina patens?","A common characteristic of alien plant invasions is the founder effect, resulting in low genetic variability and thus limited sexual reproduction. In some circumstances, asexual reproduction helps to overcome this hindrance, especially in coastal areas exposed to extreme weather events that help produce plant fragments acting as propagules. Spartina patens (Aiton) Muhl (Poaceae) is an alien invader colonizing most saltmarshes in NW Iberia (Spain and Portugal). The extent of the invasion in the area is quite large, but it remained unnoticed until recently due to the absence of flowering shoots that would have allowed for quick detection and identification. Here we ask whether vegetative propagules can help to understand the extensive spread of the invader. Both propagule characteristics (number and diameter of nodes) and environmental conditions (season and sediment covering) influenced the sprouting rate. In winter, around 30% of the fragments sprouted and produced short shoots of on average 2.8 cm tall. In spring, 40% of the fragments sprouted and produced larger shoots of 13.3 cm tall. Thus, even when conditions are harsh, this species can sprout from plant fragments abundantly. These results may help explain the success of this species invading NW Iberia, and suggest that asexual reproduction plays a role in the invasion by S. patens. Also, eradication techniques which can release plant fragments should be avoided as a measure to control the invasion of this plant.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85064046344","10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000326","2019-08-01","CRISIS: Modeling the Restoration of Interdependent Civil and Social Infrastructure Systems Following an Extreme Event","Civil infrastructure systems (transportation, power, communications, water, and sewer services) are crucial for the operation and wellbeing of a community during normal circumstances certainly, but especially so during and following an extreme natural hazard event. In addition to these basic utility services, social infrastructure such as police and fire services, healthcare, and commercial enterprises that provide essential community services must also be maintained. The objectives of this paper are twofold. The first objective is to describe the interdependencies that exist between civil and social infrastructure systems. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first model that considers how the services provided by civil infrastructure map to the performance of social infrastructure systems and the services they provide. The second objective is to describe the Civil Restoration with Interdependent Social Infrastructure Systems (CRISIS) model, a computer-aided decision-support model that was specifically developed to optimize the scheduled repair of damaged civil infrastructures based on stakeholder-determined priorities for the restoration of social infrastructure services that depend on the damaged civil systems. The CRISIS model accounts for the interdependent mechanisms for failure and service restoration that exist between civil and social infrastructures and particularly underscores the importance of the local and regional road networks in restoring social infrastructure services following an extreme event. The paper also presents an illustrative case study using a robust infrastructure data set for an artificial community specifically designed to validate the model without compromising potentially sensitive data on infrastructure vulnerabilities. The CRISIS model is envisioned as an education and training tool that can serve as a common platform to bring together public officials, emergency managers, infrastructure service providers, healthcare providers, social service providers, local businesses, and other community leaders to plan and prepare for extreme events before they occur by simulating a range of civil infrastructure damage scenarios and testing alternative strategies to restore social infrastructure services that have been disrupted as a result.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070258672","10.1371/journal.pone.0219770","2019-08-01","Measures for sustainable forest management in the tropics – A tree-ring based case study on tree growth and forest dynamics in a Central Amazonian lowland moist forest","08 cm yr-1. At first sight, this is considerably lower than increments reported from other Amazonian or African timber species. Considering the respective wood density there is no significant difference in growth performance of dominant timber species across continents. The interpretation of lifetime tree ring curves indicate differences in shadow tolerance among species, the persistence of individuals in the understory for up to 150 years and natural stand dynamics without major disturbances. Management criteria should be adapted for the measured growth rates as they differed considerably from the Brazilian standards fixed by laws (felling cycle of 25–35 years and a common minimum logging diameter of 50 cm). Felling cycles should be increased to 32–51 years and minimum logging diameters to 63–123 cm depending on the species.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071506675","10.3390/ijerph16162934","2019-08-02","Effect of land expropriation on land-lost farmers’ health: Empirical evidence from rural China","With rapid urbanization and industry development, China has witnessed substantial land acquisition. Using the rural household survey data, this paper examines the impact of land expropriation on land-lost farmers’ self-reported health with the ordered probit model and investigates the possible mechanisms. The results show that the land expropriation puts higher health risks over those land-lost farmers and the health status of land-lost farmers is significantly worse than that of those with land. Land expropriation has a negative impact on the land-lost farmer’s health through income effects and psychological effects. The health status of land-lost farmers can be enhanced through amending current land requisition policies, increasing the amount of compensation, improving the earning capacity of land-lost farmers and strengthening mental health education.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071862803","10.1051/e3sconf/201911103078","2019-08-13","Heat transfer vs environmental impact of modern façade systems","0The paper makes an in-sight analysis of four actual steel-intensive envelope solutions existing on the market adaptable to steel structural systems. The solutions enable flexible modular construction, fast fabrication and erection times and easy disassembling. The analyses consider the heat transfer analysis including phase shift, amplitude attenuation and temperature amplitude ratio and the energy balance analysis. Considering the sustainability approach, the study is completed by an environmental impact analysis on Life-Cycle, by considering the production and end-of life stages. Although the selected systems from similar thermal resistances, the results show a certain variation of analysed parameters such as amplitude attenuation and temperature amplitude ratio (TAV). The energy balance analysis shows that the heating, solar gain and hot water preparation are responsible for the supplied energy. The emitted house energy break-down is almost equally shared among transmission, ventilation and sewage energies. The Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis proves that the end-of-life of the systems play an important role in the environmental impact of analysed systems, reversing the initial ranking of systems.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070714136","10.1021/acs.est.9b01769","2019-08-20","A Multiplatform Inversion Estimation of Statewide and Regional Methane Emissions in California during 2014-2016","Copyright 23 Tg CH4/yr, respectively. This study has important policy implications for regulatory programs, as it provides a thorough multiyear evaluation of the emissions inventory using independent atmospheric measurements and investigates the utility of a complementary multiplatform approach in understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of CH4 emissions in the state and identifies opportunities for the expansion and applications of the monitoring network.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062497801","10.1002/ps.5355","2019-09-01","Recent advances in allelopathy for weed control: from knowledge to applications"," This critical review discusses future research areas in this field and the state of the art is analyzed from the chemist's perspective. ",,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067973983","10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.06.018","2019-09-01","Child protection inequalities in Aotearoa New Zealand: Social gradient and the ‘inverse intervention law’","Contact with child protection systems are a key site of the expression of social inequalities, yet research into the size and nature of this relationship remains sparse in the Aotearoa New Zealand system context. This article reports on a study of the relationships between child protection system contact and small area-level deprivation. Using a national linked dataset including all children with system contact in 2013–14, (n = 13,851 children) it found there is a marked relationship between deprivation and system contact, and significant differences between regions for all three outcomes of interest. Compared to children living in the least deprived quintile of small areas, children in the most deprived quintile had, on average, 13 times the rate of substantiation, 18 times the rate of a family group conference, and 6 times their chance of placement in foster care. There was limited evidence for the ‘inverse intervention law’ that proposes that children in similarly deprived small areas have higher rates of child protection system contact if they live in less deprived regions (larger areas). The pattern of placements showed the strongest support for this law, with children in similarly deprived small areas having, on average, almost twice the rate of placement if they lived in less deprived regions compared to more deprived regions. These findings have implications for policy, as they suggest a need to apply an inequalities perspective to child protection similarly to health inequities. Specifically, action is needed to address the causes of deprivation, provide services that respond to families living in poverty, address biases, and undertake further research to examine the interactions between demand and supply of services between similar deprivation levels.",1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85068062182","10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.025","2019-09-01","Potential nitrous oxide production by marine shellfish in response to warming and nutrient enrichment","Bivalves facilitate microbial nitrogen cycling, which can produce nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. Potential N2O production by three marine bivalves (Mytilus edulis, Mercenaria mercenaria and Crassostrea virginica) was measured in the laboratory including responses to nitrogen (N) loading and/or warming over short-terms (up to 14 or 28 days). N additions (targeting 100 μM-N ammonium nitrate) or warming (22 °C) individually and in combination were applied with experimental controls (20 μM-N, 19 °C). N2O production rates were higher with N additions for all species, but warming lacked significant direct effects. Ammonium and nitrate concentrations varied but were consistent with nitrification as a potential N2O source for all bivalves. Highest N2O emissions (7.5 nmol N2O g−1 h−1) were from M. edulis under hypoxic conditions coincident with a drop in pH. Macro-epifauna on M. edulis did not significantly alter N2O production. Thus, under short-term hypoxic conditions, micro-organisms in M. edulis guts may be a particularly significant source of N2O.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85076410862","10.1109/ICVES.2019.8906409","2019-09-01","Towards vision zero: Addressing white spots by accident data based ADAS design and evaluation","Development of vehicle systems for driver assistance and automated driving contributes to the improvement of road safety. Previous studies within this project show the effectiveness of current Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) for crash avoidance. All accident scenarios which cannot be solved by today's ADAS, specified as white spots, show potentials for future systems. In this paper, white spot scenarios of the German In-Depth Accident Study (GIDAS) are analyzed in order to identify categories indicating potentials for collision avoidance by new ADAS. Regarding all rural and motorway scenarios of GIDAS with severe injuries, accidents with crossing and turning scenarios can be stated as the largest category among white spots. Using this information, a generic system for a crossing assist is implemented. Applying the method of prospective effectiveness assessment, the potential for collision avoidance of the crossing assist is evaluated based on scenarios of the GIDAS Pre-Crash-Matrix (PCM). The outcome of the work presented in this paper is a method for development and evaluation of future system approaches based on accident data simulation. This means closing the gap between previous studies on present ADAS effectiveness on the one hand, and the development of new vehicle systems for further reduction of severe traffic accidents on the other hand.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072564938","10.1371/journal.pone.0222795","2019-09-01","How chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) share the spoils with collaborators and bystanders","Chimpanzees hunt cooperatively in the wild, but the factors influencing food sharing after the hunt are not well understood. In an experimental study, groups of three captive chimpanzees obtained a monopolizable food resource, either via two individuals cooperating (with the third as bystander) or via one individual acting alone alongside two bystanders. The individual that obtained the resource first retained most of the food but the other two individuals attempted to obtain food from the captor by begging. We found the main predictor of the overall amount of food obtained by bystanders was proximity to the food at the moment it was obtained by the captor. Whether or not an individual had cooperated to obtain the food had no effect. Interestingly, however, cooperators begged more from captors than did bystanders, suggesting that they were more motivated or had a greater expectation to obtain food. These results suggest that while chimpanzee captors in cooperative hunting may not reward cooperative participation directly, cooperators may influence sharing behavior through increased begging.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072604356","10.3390/su11185094","2019-09-01","Research collaboration of Austrian and Indian teenagers in the context of education for sustainable development","Today's environmental challenges have been determined and exacerbated by human behavior. It is imperative that education develops learning-settings that enable students to make their individual lifestyles more sustainable. The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of the research-education-collaboration 'AustrIndia-4QOL' (Teenagers from Austria and India Perform Research on Quality of Life) on the teenagers' awareness of the importance of environmental aspects in regards to quality of life, and on their willingness to act towards more sustainable lifestyles. Therefore, the results from a collaboration via social media and from a collaboration with additional face-to-face workshops were analyzed. The question of whether an increased awareness or willingness to act is followed by a change of real action after the project was also investigated. The results indicate that conducting education for sustainable development requires long term educational engagement, and that unintended effects cannot be excluded.",,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072923509","10.1088/1755-1315/308/1/012081","2019-09-03","Carbon footprint of pesantren: The role of pesantren manager determining the food consumption","Indonesia is a country with a large part of the population being Muslim with the characteristics of Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding schools are the oldest informal education institutions in Indonesia that influence the development of Indonesia. Santri, including pesantren people who have a higher mindset in understanding life than non-santri. The spiritual provision of the santri will be applied in the actions and behaviour of daily life starting from the smallest things like eating. Food consumption activities affect the environmental damage with carbon emissions produced. Carbon footprint can be used as a concept to calculate santri's daily food consumption habits. The analytical method used to read data is the One-way Anova analysis program. Respondents of this research were Semarang Darul Falah Besongo's Pesantren, who are 100% students of Walisongo State Islamic University Semarang. The spiritual knowledge of santri is the basis for optimally managing food. Pesantren with good food management principles, like food efficiency can minimize carbon emissions that damage the environment. The achievement of food safety will safeguard natural resources so that they remain sustainable.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065222933","10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.172","2019-09-15","Carbon-neutral hybrid energy systems with deep water source cooling, biomass heating, and geothermal heat and power","This article addresses the optimal design of carbon-neutral hybrid energy system with deep water source cooling, biomass heating, and geothermal heat and power. A novel superstructure of the proposed hybrid energy system comprised of an enhanced geothermal system, a torrefied biomass-based combustion system, and a deep water source cooling system with conventional chillers as auxiliaries, is developed. Based on the superstructure of the proposed hybrid energy system, we develop a multi-period optimization model to minimize a fractional metric, the levelized cost. Because the main product of the hybrid energy system is heat, the levelized cost is expressed as levelized cost of heat, with other byproducts indirectly incorporated by using credits. The resulting nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear fractional programming problem is efficiently solved by using a tailored optimization algorithm. Two case studies based on Cornell's campus in Ithaca, New York are presented to quantify the effect of different electric power sources on the technoeconomic objective, as well as the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions. The first case study considers electric power from natural gas, while a carbon-neutral electric power supply based on renewable geothermal energy is envisioned in the second case study. Results show that switching the electric power supply from natural gas to geothermal energy could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by 24.5%, while only increasing the levelized cost of heat by 5.6%. The carbon footprint for both case studies are promisingly low, compared with numerous existing heat generation technologies. Through sensitivity analysis, the project lifetime is identified as the most influential input parameter.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067314564","10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.347","2019-09-20","The optimization of investment strategy for resource utilization and energy conservation in iron mines based on Monte Carlo and intelligent computation","How to improve resource utilization and reduce energy consumption are two challenging tasks in iron mines. The realization of resource utilization and energy conservation goals depends on proper investment strategy on key production processes with relatively high resource loss or energy consumption. However, none of literature have explored the decision-making issue of investment strategy combined with the mining and dressing grades from the perspective of system engineering. Focusing on the entire mine system, this study links the investment decision-making of resource utilization and energy conservation with the determination of the grades combination, and obtains the investment strategies to maximize the goals of resource utilization and energy conservation. A nonlinear multi-objective constrained optimization model is established, and then Monte Carlo simulation and intelligent computation methods are fused to be MC-IO algorithm, to find out the optimal investment strategy and grades combination. Taking DA iron mine in China as an empirical study, five different investment strategies with grades combination are obtained. The results indicate the feasibility and validity of the proposed methodology. This study has provided a scientific and feasible approach for improving resource utilization and energy conservation in iron mines.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85069711424","10.1007/s00027-019-0654-z","2019-10-01","Denitrifying microbial communities along a boreal stream with varying land-use","Streams have an important role in regulating nitrogen (N) transportation from terrestrial ecosystems to downstream waters. Here, we examined how catchment land-use affects potential denitrification rates and the function and composition of denitrifier communities in boreal stream sediments, using stable isotope incubations and qPCR and 454-pyrosequencing targeted on nirS, nirK and nosZ genes. Although land-use influenced the water chemistry as higher nitrite + nitrate (NOx −) concentration at the agriculture-affected sampling point, sediment organic matter content was found to be the key factor in regulating potential denitrification rates. However, the abundance as well as the diversity and community composition of denitrifying microbes, and genetic N2O production potential (the ratio between nirS + nirK and nosZ gene abundances) were connected to both NOx − and sediment quality. Overall, our results suggest that catchment land-use-driven changes in N and carbon availability affect the denitrification rates, and possibly N2:N2O production ratio, in boreal streams, through altering denitrifier abundance and community composition.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85067058130","10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.240","2019-10-01","Removal of phosphorous and nitrogen from wastewater in Brachiaria-based constructed wetland","Considering the prevalence of eutrophication of water bodies, sustainable treatment technologies like constructed wetlands (CWs) have come up as a promising alternate for nutrient removal and wastewater treatment. The present study was undertaken to investigate the potential of Brachiaria-based constructed wetland for removal of phosphorus and nitrogen in different seasons of a sub-tropical region. The CW cell could efficiently remove phosphate and nitrogen under varying influent concentrations across different seasons. Average removal of total phosphate increased from 55.2% (winter) to 78.5% (spring), 80.7% (autumn), and 85.6% (summer), and maximum removal rate was 384.4 mg/m2-day during the summer season. The soluble/available phosphate was removed on priority owing to its easy bio-availability. The removal efficiency of Brachiaria increased with increasing influent phosphate concentration (5–20 mg/l), if supplemented with nitrogen maintaining the N:P ratio of 5:1. This highlighted the characteristic of Brachiaria to absorb chemical shocks w.r.t. phosphate. The neutral pH (6.2–8.3) and oxidising conditions in rhizosphere ruled out possibility of binding of phosphate with cations (Ca, Fe, and Al) in sediments. Ambient temperature and sunshine hours regulated evapotranspiration and hence nutrient removal. Simultaneous removal of nitrogen (75.6–84.6%) by Brachiaria indicated that it can serve dual purpose of nutrient removal and fodder-production for livestock, thus serving as a sustainable prototype for rural communities in sub-tropical regions.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070696451","10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104769","2019-10-01","Resilience of a harvested gastropod, Turbo militaris, to marine heatwaves","Marine heatwaves (MHW) are predicted to occur with increased frequency, duration and intensity in a changing climate, with pervasive ecological and socioeconomic consequences. While there is a growing understanding of the ecological impacts of warming and marine heatwaves, much less is known about how they influence the underlying physiology and health of species, and the nutritional properties of tissue. We evaluated the effects of different heatwave scenarios and ocean warming on the nutritional properties and immune health of the harvested gastropod Turbo militaris. Neither heatwave scenarios nor elevated temperatures had significant impacts on morphometrics, proximate composition or inorganic content of T. militaris. However, an increased moisture content and non-significant trends, such as elevated amount of lipids, and an increased number of hemocytes in the blood of T. militaris in the heatwave treatments were suggestive of mild stress. Overall, our study suggests that T. militaris is resilient to marine heatwaves and warming, although delayed, additive or synergistic stress responses cannot be ruled out. Understanding the possible effects of ocean warming and heatwaves on fisheries species could improve management actions to avoid species impacts, socioeconomic losses and negative effects to ecosystem service provision in a changing climate.",,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85078786080","10.1109/CyberC.2019.00084","2019-10-01","Water quality prediction of small watershed based on wavelet neural network","In recent years, China has faced a very serious issue of water pollution, which has had a dreadful impact on the ecological environment and human health. Due to the rapid growth of industry and economy, water pollution around China's urban areas has received extensive attentions. Among them, small watershed pollution, which is difficult to sample real-time data, is particularly prominent. Therefore, it is extremely important to propose new, better and more reliable prediction models to accurately predict the water quality in these small watersheds. This paper selects the water quality data of small watersheds around Chongqing for the study to come up with a new wavelet neural network model of forecasting using small amount of data to predict the China Water Quality Index (WQI). The present study is aimed to improve the prediction results by minimizing the prediction errors of current machine learning algorithms by considering the main environmental pollutant in small watersheds as input. The results show that when there is a strong interaction and correlation between the water quality characteristic attribute and WQI, the MAPE of the wavelet neural network model training results will decrease. In addition, the geographical location is found to play an important role in the Chongqing WQI forecast.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072372321","10.1177/0022034519872472","2019-10-01","Looking Back and Ahead: The Food and Drug Administration's Regulation of the Tobacco Industry and Next-Generation Products","Regulatory policy toward tobacco significantly affects oral health because tobacco use is a driver of diseases that manifest themselves in or near the oral cavity. Tobacco use in the United States has been associated with millions of cases of periodontal disease. Researchers have identified the role of combusted and noncombusted tobacco products in promoting cancers of the head and neck, leading to disease and premature death. Tobacco companies have moved increasingly toward so-called next-generation products (NGPs)-products that may emit fewer toxins than combustible forms of tobacco. Although NGPs may negatively affect the lungs and other bodily systems, they shift the injection site of nicotine from the lungs to the oral cavity and oral tissues. Because the long-term effects of NGPs are unknown, this tobacco marketing development has profound implications for oral disease. The US Food and Drug Administration exercises regulatory authority over tobacco products. The tobacco industry has avoided meaningful regulation of its products, especially smokeless forms. By publishing new research, oral health scientists can meaningfully shape the climate in which the administration's policy making occurs.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073614566","10.3390/su11195528","2019-10-01","Analysis on the evolution path and hotspot of knowledge innovation study based on knowledge map","Innovation is the main driving force for promoting high-quality economic development. The ability for knowledge innovation and knowledge transformation productivity reflects the ability for scientific research transformation and the comprehensive strength of the science and technology of the country. This paper takes the knowledge innovation literature collected in the Web of Science database as its research object, carries on the knowledge atlas analysis with Citespace IV software, makes a knowledge atlas of the space-time distribution, document co-citation and keyword co-occurrence, respectively, and further explores the distribution status, changing trend and hot areas of knowledge innovation research. (1) American and British scholars have led the research in knowledge innovation, and Chinese scholars have followed the international frontier in this field; (2) The research evolution path of knowledge innovation can be summarized as follows: the research object is gradually detailed from the macro-enterprise level to the micro-enterprise level. The research hotspots are as follows: (3) The four hotspots of knowledge innovation research are based on research on the knowledge innovation system within enterprises, research on the knowledge innovation mode based on innovation cooperation among enterprises, and research on the knowledge innovation among enterprises based on inter-organizational knowledge. Research on the knowledge innovation path of knowledge sharing and enterprise knowledge innovation development is based on the global strategic orientation. This paper clarifies the evolution path and development trend of knowledge innovation research, offering a summary for further research and motivating professionals to research future knowledge innovation.",,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85077743891","10.1145/3368756.3369057","2019-10-02","Shift to digital gamification in political life (Russian cases)","Authors analyzed the methods of gamification in the practices of civic and political participation, and identified research questions about the problems and prospects of this trend of social inclusion. Gamification creates a new experience of political actors, be it a leader, a political consultant or a representative of the masses; a review of the research allows us to clarify the actual growth points of social analytics of gamification. Particular attention is paid to cases related to game mechanics of public participation, immersive journalism and the use of digital resources by political technologists in election campaigns. The analysis of the scientific discussion about urban participatory democracy revealed that the success of these practices is influenced not only by the political will of the coordination potential of the local social structure but also by autonomy and financial capabilities of a political organization interested in civil participation and the design of the participation process. The possible examples of immersive journalism and its gamified product, newsgames, in Russian realities are such information resources as “Lentach” and “Meduza”. New digital products are actively used by politicians and political technologists at the federal and regional levels. After the elections to the municipal authorities in Moscow, this process is referred to as “uberization of politics” or “politics without barriers” that is based on the principle of “open doors”. Authors discussed political Internet technologies as the most popular services in the field of political consulting in modern Russia.",,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85071443769","10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106377","2019-10-15","Evaluating climate change pathways through a building's lifecycle based on Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment","Climate change impact of a building was evaluated through a Dynamic Life Cycle Assessment (DLCA) methodology with the aim at demonstrating the feasibility of DLCA and the usefulness of such approach in the building sector. The methodology uses dynamic thermal simulation for energy consumption, databases for the building sector, a new developed database for temporal parameters of buildings, DyPLCA tool for dynamic LCI calculation. Clime change indicators were obtained in function of time for 500 years time span: radiative forcing, cumulated radiative forcing and global mean temperature change. Results revealed that each building component has its own climate footprint from which mitigation actions can be deduced. Results should always be placed in the climate context, in this case, the critical period 2030–2050, a turning point for limiting the temperature increase at 1.5 °C, with an objective of zero net emission beyond 2050. Dynamic indicators are well adapted for accounting the effect of biogenic CO2 and can be used to simulate strategies for GHGs neutralization. The main outcome of the comparison DLCA – LCA is that the results can be greatly different, especially when biogenic carbon is present (case of bio-based materials): i) the ranking and proportion of the contributors can change according to the time horizon for a given dynamic indicator (cumulative radiative forcing and global mean temperature change), ii) the ranking and proportion of the contributors can be different between the considered indicators, demonstrating the need of a more detailed assessment in the context of the imminent climate target.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85089541519","10.1007/978-3-030-02438-3_14","2019-10-22","Reading the State of the planet through united nations stamp issues","The question raised here is how to obtain a reading on the state of the planet's well-being? The answer might come from examining the news content of major international newspapers, speeches given at the United Nations, and awards for outstanding film, art, science, and works of literature and music. I submit one can use stamps to illustrate what topics and subjects are of most interest to the stampissuing organization. While most stamps are issued by individual states and they represent what the state wishes those inside and outside its borders to know about its history, culture, worldview, and international standing, the United Nations is the major multistate organization concerned with a wide variety of social, economic, and environmental issues. I examine the UN stamps issued since 1951 for their subject matter. Nearly 1100 stamps can be classified into three major and two minor subject categories. Major categories include issues about the human condition (refugees, children, diseases, food, and development), the environment (endangered species, water, forests, and climate change), and organizations (many intergovernmental organizations, some with histories preceding the UN founding). Minor categories include those related to the past and future (heritage issues and planetary futures) and indigenous peoples and arts. Many of these stamps and others contain the familiar UN symbols: flag, emblem, and UN offices. I also examine the uses of maps (not many), colors, and subjects not represented (human trafficking, consumer protection, voter rights and stateless peoples). Together these stamp topics and designs provide a useful visual reading on the planet's development, history, and challenges.",,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074801861","10.1002/ece3.5776","2019-11-01","Mapping microhabitat thermal patterns in artificial breakwaters: Alteration of intertidal biodiversity by higher rock temperature","Urbanization is altering community structure and functioning in marine ecosystems, but knowledge about the mechanisms driving loss of species diversity is still limited. Here, we examine rock thermal patterns in artificial breakwaters and test whether they have higher and spatially less variable rock temperature than natural adjacent habitats, which corresponds with lower biodiversity patterns. We estimated rock temperatures at mid-high intertidal using infrared thermography during mid-day in summer, in both artificial (Rip-raps) and natural (boulder fields) habitats. We also conducted diurnal thermal surveys (every 4 hr) in four seasons at one study site. Concurrent sampling of air and seawater temperature, wind velocity, and topographic structure of habitats were considered to explore their influence on rock temperature. Rock temperature was in average 3.7°C higher in the artificial breakwater in two of the three study sites, while air temperature was about 1.5–4°C higher at this habitat at summer. Thermal patterns were more homogeneous across the artificial habitat. Lower species abundance and richness in the artificial breakwaters were associated with higher rock temperature. Mechanism underlying enhanced substrate temperature in the artificial structures seems related to their lower small-scale spatial heterogeneity. Our study thus highlighted that higher rock temperature in artificial breakwaters can contribute to loss of biodiversity and that integrated artificial structures may alter coastal urban microclimates, a matter that should be considered in the spatial planning of urban coastal ecosystems.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85070066157","10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121932","2019-11-01","Challenges and opportunity of recent genome editing and multi-omics in cyanobacteria and microalgae for biorefinery","Microalgae and cyanobacteria are easy to culture, with higher growth rates and photosynthetic efficiencies compared to terrestrial plants, and thus generating higher productivity. The concept of microalgal biorefinery is to assimilate carbon dioxide and convert it to chemical energy/value-added products, such as vitamins, carotenoids, fatty acids, proteins and nucleic acids, to be applied in bioenergy, health foods, aquaculture feed, pharmaceutical and medical fields. Therefore, microalgae are annotated as the third generation feedstock in bioenergy and biorefinery. In past decades, many studies thrived to improve the carbon sequestration efficiency as well as enhance value-added compounds from different algae, especially via genetic engineering, synthetic biology, metabolic design and regulation. From the traditional Agrobacterium-mediated transformation DNA to novel CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology applied in microalgae and cyanobacteria, this review has highlighted the genome editing technology for biorefinery that is a highly environmental friendly trend to sustainable and renewable development.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85069722463","10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104106","2019-11-01","Situational analysis of agricultural land leasing in Uttar Pradesh","Agricultural land leasing was legally prohibited in India after independence due to its exploitative nature towards the poor tenants. But as a result, large number of landless households started depending on informal land leasing. A qualitative study was carried out during January–March of 2018 in nine agro-climatic zones of Uttar Pradesh, a populous state in northern India, to analyze the current situation of agricultural land leasing. The study found that informal land leasing system is practiced extensively throughout the state. Land is generally rented either under fixed-price rental agreement or under sharecropping agreement. In areas where commercial agriculture is practiced, land is generally leased in by affluent lessees from small landowners under fixed-price rental agreement. On the other hand, in areas where agriculture is practiced for survival, land is leased-in by poor lessees from upper caste, affluent landowners under sharecropping arrangement. Very little awareness was found among both lessors and lessees concerning legislative provisions on agricultural tenancy. As no formal documentation regarding leasing agreement is made, lessees failed to access various benefits provided by the government to the farmers - including agricultural subsidy, agricultural credit and insurance, minimum support price for agricultural product. The study found that women were categorically excluded from the leasing market by their own families, society and government institutions. Women are not generally given land on lease by landowners, they do not get agricultural credit from the banks on their own, and they face security threat from their respective families if they themselves want to lease-out agricultural lands which are in their names. The study acknowledges the need for formalization of leasing agreement, making pro-women and pro-poor leasing policies, and sensitization of public officials in this regard.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85080068896","10.1109/CAC48633.2019.8996208","2019-11-01","Tropical Cyclone Risk Assessment Based on Information Diffusion Theory","Tropical cyclones and other meteorological disasters are often accompanied by wind, rain, waves and storm surges, which will also cause serious geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows, bringing huge economic losses to the country and people. Therefore, risk assessment of tropical cyclones has become a research topic of many scholars. This study collected the best path data of CMA tropical cyclone and based on the information diffusion theory. The risk assessment model was established to effectively assess the risks caused by tropical cyclones in coastal provinces. The results of this study can provide some scientific basis for the prevention of tropical cyclone disasters in China.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072144780","10.1177/0886260516676477","2019-11-01","The Social and Individual Characteristics of Women Associated With Engagement With Multiple Intimate Violent Partners","Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health problem with known negative physical and mental health outcomes for women exposed. Studies have shown that with increased violence exposure, there are increased risks of negative outcomes for women. Likewise, chronicity of IPV across multiple partners is linked to more profound psychological suffering than acute exposure. However, little is known about the social- and individual-level characteristics of women that are correlated with engagement with multiple abusive partners. The current study (N = 164) identifies the characteristics of women that are associated with the number of violent partners with which they have been involved, with 35% of the sample reporting multiple IPV relationships. Participants reported on the number of violent partners, demographic characteristics, trauma history, current trauma and depressive symptoms, and exposure to IPV, including physical, sexual, and psychological violence. Results of multiple regression analysis indicate that trauma history (childhood sexual abuse, being held hostage, and torture) and current psychological violence were associated with women’s engagement with multiple violent partners. Additional findings reveal that identification as African American and White was associated with greater re-engagement compared with identification as Latina. Finally, current exposure to sexual violence was associated with fewer violent partners. The clinical implications of these findings for treatment for women at risk for engagement with multiple partners in IPV relationships are discussed.",,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85075577583","10.3390/w11112383","2019-11-01","A mass balance of nitrogen in a Large Lowland River (Elbe, Germany)","Nitrogen (N) delivered by rivers causes severe eutrophication in many coastal waters, and its turnover and retention are therefore of major interest. We set up a mass balance along a 582 km river section of a large, N-rich lowland river to quantify N retention along this river segment and to identify the underlying processes. Our assessments are based on four Lagrangian sampling campaigns performed between 2011 and 2013. Water quality data served as a basis for calculations of N retention, while chlorophyll-a and zooplankton counts were used to quantify the respective primary and secondary transformations of dissolved inorganic N into biomass. The mass balance revealed an average N retention of 17 mg N m-2 h-1 for both nitrate N (NO3-N) and total N (TN). Stoichiometric estimates of the assimilative N uptake revealed that, although NO3-N retention was associated with high phytoplankton assimilation, only a maximum of 53% of NO3-N retention could be attributed to net algal assimilation. The high TN retention rates in turn were most probably caused by a combination of seston deposition and denitrification. The studied river segment acts as a TN sink by retaining almost 30% of the TN inputs, which shows that large rivers can contribute considerably to N retention during downstream transport.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074741772","10.1186/s13012-019-0941-z","2019-11-09","Investigation of factors influencing the implementation of two shared decision-making interventions in contraceptive care: A qualitative interview study among clinical and administrative staff","Background: There is limited evidence on how to implement shared decision-making (SDM) interventions in routine practice. We conducted a qualitative study, embedded within a 2 × 2 factorial cluster randomized controlled trial, to assess the acceptability and feasibility of two interventions for facilitating SDM about contraceptive methods in primary care and family planning clinics. The two SDM interventions comprised a patient-targeted intervention (video and prompt card) and a provider-targeted intervention (encounter decision aids and training). Methods: Participants were clinical and administrative staff aged 18 years or older who worked in one of the 12 clinics in the intervention arm, had email access, and consented to being audio-recorded. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted upon completion of the trial. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim. Data collection and thematic analysis were informed by the 14 domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework, which are relevant to the successful implementation of provider behaviour change interventions. Results: Interviews (n = 29) indicated that the interventions were not systematically implemented in the majority of clinics. Participants felt the interventions were aligned with their role and they had confidence in their skills to use the decision aids. However, the novelty of the interventions, especially a need to modify workflows and change behavior to use them with patients, were implementation challenges. The interventions were not deeply embedded in clinic routines and their use was threatened by lack of understanding of their purpose and effect, and staff absence or turnover. Participants from clinics that had an enthusiastic study champion or team-based organizational culture found these social supports had a positive role in implementing the interventions. Conclusions: Variation in capabilities and motivation among clinical and administrative staff, coupled with inconsistent use of the interventions in routine workflow contributed to suboptimal implementation of the interventions. Future trials may benefit by using implementation strategies that embed SDM in the organizational culture of clinical settings.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074287589","10.1080/02533839.2019.1660223","2019-11-17","Study on influence of various wind farm correlations on voltage stability with multidimensional data streams method"," Under various working conditions, the numerical simulation results also show that the proposed method has good robustness and applicability.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85075917818","10.1080/03019233.2019.1697111","2019-11-26","Status, technological progress, and development directions of the ironmaking industry in China"," New sintering and coking technologies, such as water vapour spray sintering, high-temperature exhaust gas sintering, and semi-coke utilization, have led to distinct energy and efficiency improvements. Moreover, blast furnaces (BFs) are becoming larger and more intensive, due to which labour productivity has increased noticeably. However, some issues still remain, such as high fuel ratios, hot blast temperatures, and BF longevity. Nevertheless, eco-friendly and intelligent ironmaking is gaining importance and could be the development directions of the future.",,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85062727310","10.1007/s00289-019-02697-z","2019-12-01","Hydrogels derived from 2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, with ability to remove metal cations from wastewater","Synthesis, characterization, and study of the cation adsorption properties of four hydrogels are presented. The hydrogels were synthesized via radical copolymerization of a 1:1 mixture of 2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, with different initiators and cross-linking reagents. HM1 hydrogel was obtained by adding only ammonium persulfate; HM2 hydrogel was synthesized using a redox initiator solution containing ammonium persulfate and sodium metabisulfite at room temperature. For HM3 hydrogel the initiator benzoyl peroxide and the cross-linking reagent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were used. Finally, for HM4 hydrogel the polymerization was carried out using ammonium persulfate as initiator and poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether as cross-linking reagent. The sorption properties were analyzed by pH, contact time, maximum sorption capacity, and selectivity studies. The HM2 and HM3 hydrogels exhibited good ion sorption properties. These copolymers were capable of interacting and removing Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) ions from synthetic solutions and with real samples from mining wastewaters. The results obtained from the studies of maximum sorption capacity at different concentrations showed that the HM2 hydrogel was capable of adsorbing 226 mg/g Cd(II), 241 mg/g Pb(II), 166 mg/g Cu(II), 161 mg/g Zn(II), and 110 mg/g Ni(II) and the HM3 hydrogel was capable of adsorbing 184 mg/g Ni(II), 172 mg/g Cd(II), 126 mg/g Zn(II), 90 mg/g Pb(II), and 39 mg/g Cu(II). The experimental data were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ΔH°), Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), and entropy (ΔS°) changes were obtained. The sorption kinetics were analyzed using Lagergren pseudo-second-order equation.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073973475","10.1007/s40258-019-00512-4","2019-12-01","A Review of the Development and Application of Generic Preference-Based Instruments with the Older Population","Older people (aged 65 years and over) are the fastest growing age cohort in the majority of developed countries, and the proportion of individuals defined as the oldest old (aged 80 years and over) living with physical frailty and cognitive impairment is rising. These population changes put increasing pressure on health and aged care services, thus it is important to assess the cost effectiveness of interventions targeted for older people across health and aged care sectors to identify interventions with the strongest capacity to enhance older peoples’ quality of life and provide value for money. Cost-utility analysis (CUA) is a form of economic evaluation that typically uses preference-based instruments to measure and value health-related quality of life for the calculation of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYS) to enable comparisons of the cost effectiveness of different interventions. A variety of generic preference-based instruments have been used to measure older people’s quality of life, including the Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit (ASCOT); Health Utility Index Mark 2 (HUI2); Health Utility Index Mark 3 (HUI3); Short-Form-6 Dimensions (SF-6D); Assessment of Quality of Life-6 dimensions (AQoL-6D); Assessment of Quality of Life-8 dimensions (AQoL-8D); Quality of Wellbeing Scale-Self-Administered (QWB-SA); 15 Dimensions (15D); EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D); and an older person specific preference-based instrument—the Investigating Choice Experiments Capability Measure for older people (ICECAP-O). This article reviews the development and application of these instruments within the older population and discusses the issues surrounding their use with this population. Areas for further research relating to the development and application of generic preference-based instruments with populations of older people are also highlighted.",,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85073000777","10.1016/j.fsigss.2019.09.097","2019-12-01","A multivariate statistical approach to for the evaluation of the biogeographical ancestry information from traditional STRs","The capability to achieve biogeographic ancestry (BGA) information from DNA profiles have been largely explored in forensic genetics because of its potential usefulness in providing investigative clues. For law enforcement and security purposes, when genetic data have been obtained from unknown evidence, but no reference samples are available and no hints come out from DNA databases, it would be extremely useful at least to infer the ethno-geographic origin of the stain donor by just examining traditional STRs DNA profiles. Current protocols for ethnic origin estimation using STRs profiles are usually based on Principal Component Analysis approaches and Bayesian methods. The present study provides an alternative approach that involves the use of target multivariate data analysis strategies for estimation of the BGA information from unknown biological traces. A powerful multivariate technique such as Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) has been applied on NIST U.S. population datasets containing, for instance, the allele frequencies of African-American, Asian, Caucasian and Hispanic individuals. PLS-DA approach provided robust classifications, yielding high sensitivity and specificity models capable of discriminating the populations on ethnic basis. Finally, a real casework has been examined by extending the developed model to smaller and more geographically-restricted populations involving, for instance, Albanian, Italian and Montenegrian individuals.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85065543968","10.1016/j.tourman.2019.04.019","2019-12-01","Boundaries and boundary crossing in tourism: A study of policy work for tourism and urban regeneration","The paper argues for a research focus on understanding varied boundary relations in society, including social, political, geographical and discursive relations. Analytical themes are established for the study of tourism's boundary relations: the salience and permeability of boundaries, discursive boundaries, power relations associated with boundaries, and learning within and across boundaries. Particular attention is given to concepts of learning: identification, reflection, coordination and transformation. These themes and concepts are employed to explore boundary relations of the tourism and other urban regeneration policy sectors in two city districts. Cross-boundary learning across the tourism and urban regeneration policy sectors occurred through the identification of, and reflection about, tourism's role in urban regeneration and led to coordination and possibly some transformation. Yet this was within significant limitations and barriers. There was perhaps scope for more regular and comprehensive boundary crossing between the tourism and urban regeneration policy sectors.",,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85074685794","10.1038/s41598-019-52846-7","2019-12-01","Genomic and phenotypic insights point to diverse ecological strategies by facultative anaerobes obtained from subsurface coal seams","Microbes in subsurface coal seams are responsible for the conversion of the organic matter in coal to methane, resulting in vast reserves of coal seam gas. This process is important from both environmental and economic perspectives as coal seam gas is rapidly becoming a popular fuel source worldwide and is a less carbon intensive fuel than coal. Despite the importance of this process, little is known about the roles of individual bacterial taxa in the microbial communities carrying out this process. Of particular interest is the role of members of the genus Pseudomonas, a typically aerobic taxa which is ubiquitous in coal seam microbial communities worldwide and which has been shown to be abundant at early time points in studies of ecological succession on coal. The current study performed aerobic isolations of coal seam microbial taxa generating ten facultative anaerobic isolates from three coal seam formation waters across eastern Australia. Subsequent genomic sequencing and phenotypic analysis revealed a range of ecological strategies and roles for these facultative anaerobes in biomass recycling, suggesting that this group of organisms is involved in the degradation of accumulated biomass in coal seams, funnelling nutrients back into the microbial communities degrading coal to methane.",,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85064713166","10.1111/acv.12503","2019-12-01","Population reinforcement accelerates subadult recruitment rates in an endangered freshwater turtle","98 after the first year post-release. We estimated that headstarts at our sites have approximately three times higher probability of surviving to 10 years of age, compared to wild-hatched individuals at other sites. Our results highlight that headstarts should be released into habitat individually rather than in clusters, and highlight the need to investigate whether post-release mortality of captive-reared animals could be mitigated by increased acclimation to wild conditions, for example through prerelease periods in outdoor pens.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85076524401","10.13287/j.1001-9332.201912.006","2019-12-01","Effects of fire intensity on leaf functional traits and functional diversity of Larix gmelinii community 火烧强度对兴安落叶松群落叶片功能性状及功能多样性的影响","林火是北方针叶林的重要生态因子,直接影响火烧迹地物种多样性及功能多样性,进而影响森林群落的演替.以牙克石地区火后自然恢复12年的兴安落叶松群落为研究对象,在群落尺度上分析火烧迹地土壤养分含量、叶片功能性状、物种多样性和功能多样性在不同火烧强度(轻、中和重度火烧)下的变化规律.结果表明: 火烧显著降低了土壤全氮含量,对土壤全磷含量无显著影响.轻、中度火烧有助于维持群落较高的物种多样性和功能多样性;中度火烧显著增加了群落的物种多样性,物种丰富度指数、Shannon指数、Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数均在中度火烧时有最大值;火烧降低了群落的功能丰富度和功能离散度指数,二者分别在中、轻度火烧时最大(除未过火外),而群落的功能均匀度和二次熵指数在林火干扰后增加,轻度火烧后最大.随火烧强度增加,叶干物质含量、叶组织密度和叶磷含量总体呈显著增大趋势,而比叶面积、叶含水量、叶氮含量和叶N∶P则表现出未过火＞中度火烧＞轻度火烧＞重度火烧的规律,叶片厚度呈先增大后减小的变化规律.火烧强度对森林群落的叶片功能性状和功能多样性均有显著影响,且适度的火干扰对森林群落的恢复具有促进作用.Fire is an important ecological factor in boreal coniferous forest, which directly affects plant taxonomic and functional diversity and consequently forest succession. We analyzed the changes of soil nutrient contents, leaf functional traits, taxonomic and functional diversity of a Larix gmelinii community under different fire intensity levels (low, medium, heavy). The forest stand had been naturally recovered for 12 years in Yakeshi area. The results showed that fire significantly reduced soil total nitrogen content, but did not affect soil total phosphorus content. Low and medium fire intensities could maintain higher species diversity and functional diversity of the community. Medium fire disturbance significantly increased species diversity of the community, with maximum species richness index, Shannon index, Simpson index and Pielou evenness index. Fire disturbance reduced functional richness and functional divergence of the community, which were the largest in medium and low fire intensity respectively (except unburned). Functional evenness and Rao qua-dratic entropy index increased after forest fire disturbance, and the largest was in the low intensity burned area. With the increases of fire intensity, leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and leaf total phosphorus content showed a significantly increased trend, while specific leaf area, leaf water content, leaf total nitrogen content and leaf N:P showed the trend unburned ＞ medium fire ＞ low fire ＞ heavy fire, leaf thickness increased first and then decreased. Fire intensity had significant effects on leaf functional traits and functional diversity of forest community. Moderate fire distur-bance could promote forest restoration.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85076709919","10.3390/su11236681","2019-12-01","Precipitation forecasting using multilayer neuralNetwork and support vector machine optimization based on flow regime algorithm taking intoAccount uncertainties of soft computing models","Finally, monthly precipitation maps were generated based on the MLP-FRA model and Scenario3 using the weighted interpolation method, which showed significant precipitation in spring andwinter and a low level of precipitation in summer. The results of the present study showed thatMLP-FRA has high capability to predict hydrological variables and can be used in future research.",,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072013152","10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119289","2019-12-05","Geochemical characterization of highly diverse hydrothermal fluids from volcanic vent systems of the Kermadec intraoceanic arc","During the R/V Sonne cruise SO253 in 2016/2017, hydrothermal vent sites along the Kermadec intraoceanic arc were sampled for hydrothermal fluids at four active volcanoes: Macauley, Haungaroa, Brothers and Rumble III, respectively. Water depths ranged between 290 m and 1700 m. A new vent field was discovered at Haungaroa. The samples were taken from diffuse-flow sites as well as from white and black smokers – rich in metals and gases – with discharge temperatures as high as 311 °C. Their fluid composition is very variable but basically divides into two types: one that indicates distinct magmatic input and another that shows evidence for intense water-rock interaction under hot, acidic conditions. Fluid samples from Macauley, the shallowest sampling site (~300 m), had Fe concentrations as high as 1.7 mM, Al concentrations up to 122 μM and H2S up to 10 mM at a pH of only 1.2. At Brothers, the deepest sampling site (down to 1600 m), we identified two different fluid types: 1) A magmatically-influenced type at the Upper and Lower Cone with highest temperatures of 115 °C, up to 95.6 mM Mg (the highest Mg concentration measured in fluids from intraoceanic arc systems so far), elevated SO4 2− (76.9 mM), high H2S (5.0 mM), but Fe concentrations of only 15 μM and 2) A fluid with low Mg (5.4 mM), low H2S (1.1 mM), temperatures reaching 311 °C and high Fe contents (12.4 mM) at the Upper Caldera and NW Caldera Wall, typical of a black smoker fluid. Chloride concentrations in all fluids were similar, or highly enriched when compared to seawater (e.g. up to 787 mM, brine fluids), with also one low-chlorinity vapor-phase fluid sample recovered, indicating that phase separation is occurring at Brothers. Unusual highly elevated Mg concentrations in fluids from the Brothers Lower Cone (95.6 mM, compared to 53.2 mM in ambient seawater) combined with highly elevated concentrations of SO4 2− (76.9 mM, compared to 29.0 mM in ambient seawater) indicate dissolution of Mg- and SO4 2−-bearing minerals in the subsurface, such as caminite. Our data show how highly diverse and variable island arc systems can be with respect to their fluid chemistry, both spatially and temporally. It adds to the still limited data set of arc systems compared to mid-ocean ridges and supplies an important contribution towards a better understanding of geochemical processes along arc volcanoes. The higher range in fluid chemistry together with shallower water depth implies that the fluids from intraoceanic arcs may contribute a significant fraction of dissolved metals not only to the global oceanic biogeochemical cycle but also into the photic zone, the area of highest bioproductivity.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072879688","10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109657","2019-12-15","Characterisation of food service establishment wastewater and its implication for treatment","Essential for the selection of a reliable treatment system is the characterisation of the effluent to treat. Kitchen wastewater (KWW) from food service establishments (FSEs) is a strong organic and fat-rich effluent whose characterisation has not been sufficiently addressed. KWW composition is highly variable and linked to the FSE's size, the type of meals prepared and the amount of water used during the cleaning. COD, TSS and fat content (FOG) are the most common parameters found in literature. However, other physical and chemical parameters (e.g. temperature, pH, oil droplets characteristics and trace elements), correlated to commercial kitchen cleaning practices rather than the specific effluent, but equally influential on the treatment efficiencies of both physical and biological methods, have hardly been investigated. A comprehensive characterisation of wastewaters from three food service establishments was used to generate data to support the selection of appropriate FOG mitigation methods. Two novel analytical methods were used to quantify the proportion of emulsified FOG and associated droplet size from different kitchen washing effluents. The results showed that more than 90% of the FOG from the dishwasher effluent and around 35% of sink one was emulsified, with droplet sizes less than 100 μm, well below the removal capabilities of conventional grease interceptors, but easily removed using biological means. From the WW composition results, a formula for predictive modelling was derived to represent average organic matter composition for kitchen wastewater as C20H38O10N, applicable in remediation processes. These results offer a good starting point for the design, operation, and optimisation of wastewater treatment systems of oil-rich KWW.",,,,,,1,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85081538552","10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W19-289-2019","2019-12-23","MAPPING of SARGASSUM DISTRIBUTION in the EASTERN COAST of SOUTHERN LEYTE USING SENTINEL 2 SATELLITE IMAGERY","23%) using the December image. Clusters of high NDVI values are more evident in December. Healthy Sargassum are apparent in the coast of Silago and mostly found near shore and in rocky substrates.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85098489099",,"2020-01-01","Floor orchards and small fruit-stores located in the lower floor of maisonette houses of a skyscraper","The article discusses the creation of agricultural complexes related to the cultivation of local fruits and vegetables in tall buildings, such as skyscrapers. A combination of multi-storey orchards and small orchards located on the lower floor of the penthouses of these tall buildings is proposed. The processing of fruits and vegetables can take place in one or two of the tech-nical floors of the skyscraper structure. In the lower floors of the skyscraper there are also larger fruit storages for storing the excess products intended for transportation to the local markets. It is especially important for the occupants to provide spaces for premises that will be used for a second purpose for medical purposes-for example for forced quarantine isolation in epidemics and pandemics (such as Corona virus), threatening the health and lives of the occupants. In this regard, the skyscraper was designed in Kun Ming, China. The structure of this skyscraper also integrates modern innovative technologies for energy maintenance of the building (photovoltaic coatings, greenhouse effect, steam generator), collection and use of rainwater.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85079445854","10.1007/s13187-020-01699-0","2020-01-01","Knowledge and Experiences of Final Year Medical and Nursing Students with Regard to Palliative Care at Government University in Oman: A Questionnaire Based Study","068). Despite the fact that SQU students had favorable attitudes towards PC, they have insufficient knowledge and lack of experience. As the number of geriatric and terminal cancer patients increases across Oman, there is a need for the healthcare system to provide high-quality and effective PC services. Thus, there is an urgent need to integrate PC teaching courses as part of the undergraduate medical education for medical and nursing students.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85086737818","10.1037/tra0000889","2020-01-01","Inequity and the Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 on Communities of Color in the United States: The Need for a Trauma-Informed Social Justice Response","COVID-19 has had disproportionate contagion and fatality in Black, Latino, and Native American communities and among the poor in the United States. Toxic stress resulting from racial and social inequities have been magnified during the pandemic, with implications for poor physical and mental health and socioeconomic outcomes. It is imperative that our country focus and invest in addressing health inequities and work across sectors to build self-efficacy and long-term capacity within communities and systems of care serving the most disenfranchised, now and in the aftermath of the COVID-19 epidemic.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85096166176","10.1080/21645515.2020.1826249","2020-01-01","Impact of COVID-19 on women and children and the need for a gendered approach in vaccine development","The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed unprecedented health and socioeconomic challenges on public health, disrupting it on a global scale. Given that women and children are widely considered the most vulnerable in the times of emergency, whether in war or during a pandemic, the current pandemic has also severely disrupted access to reproductive and child health services. Despite this, data on the effect of the pandemic on pregnant women and newborns remain scarce, and gender-disaggregated indicators of mortality and morbidity are not available. In this context, we suggest the implementation of a gendered approach to ensure the specific needs of women and their newborns are considered during the development of COVID-19 vaccines. Taking into account gender-based biological differences, the inclusion of pregnant and lactating mothers in clinical trials for the development of COVID-19 vaccines is of vital importance.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091554763","10.1155/2020/4251682","2020-01-01","I κ B Kinase Inhibitor VII Modulates Sepsis-Induced Excessive Inflammation and Cardiac Dysfunction in 5/6 Nephrectomized Mice","Background. Chronic kidney disease condition requires regular dialysis; the patients have greater risk of sepsis and have high mortality rate compared to general people with sepsis. The adverse cardiac condition leads to mortality in subjects with sepsis. In the present work, we studied the consequences of chronic kidney damage by 5/6 nephrectomy on cardiac function in mice induced with sepsis and the mechanism involved. Methods. We used C57BL/6 mice and subjected them to 5/6 nephrectomy; after induction of chronic kidney damage, they were subjected to sepsis by either LPS treatment or by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method. The cardiac function test was done by echocardiography. Protein expression was done by western blot analysis. Results. The 5/6 nephrectomized mice showed significant increase in blood creatinine and urea levels compared to sham-operated mice; the mice also showed decreased ejection fraction and increased levels of phosphorylated IkBα and nuclear translocation of the NF-κB and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). When subjected to CLP and LPS treatment, the 5/6 nephrectomized mice augmented cardiac abnormalities and lung inflammation and increased plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, and IL-18. Also, we evidenced increased levels of p-IKKα/β and Ikβα, NF-κβ, and iNOS. Treatment of IKK inhibitor VII in 5/6 nephrectomized mice after LPS administration or CLP attenuated these effects. Conclusion. Chronic kidney disease could lead to abnormal cardiac function caused by sepsis in mice; this may be due to increased expression of NF-κβ and iNOS in cardiac tissues.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85088304608","10.12659/MSM.923912","2020-01-01","Inhibition of glioma cell growth and apoptosis induction through targeting wnt10B expression by Pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-4-one","05) by PP-4-one treatment in U251 and C6 cell cultures. A considerable enhancement in the proportion of U251 and C6 cells in the G0/G1 phase was recorded on incubation with PP-4-one. Treatment of U251 and C6 cells with PP-4-one markedly enhanced p21 expression relative to the control. The B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) level in PP-4-one treated U251 and C6 cells was markedly lower relative to the control cells. The Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 levels were elevated markedly by PP-4-one treatment in U251 and C6 cells. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that PP-4-one has anti-proliferative potential for glioma cells via targeting cAMP and Bcl-2 levels. It also promoted glioma cell apoptosis through caspase activation and arrest of the cell cycle. Thus, PP-4-one may be used to develop drug candidates for the glioma treatment.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85085008299","10.17509/ijost.v5i2.24431","2020-01-01","The price dynamics of hand sanitizers for COVID-19 in Indonesia: Exponential and cobweb forms","This study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in handsanitizer prices in Indonesia. This study is motivated by the increasing demand for handsanitiz-ers which has had an impact on price ratings. The method used is an explanatory survey with an exponential form approach for the demand function and Linear Cobweb Form for the supply function. The structure of the hand sanitizer market is assumed to be a perfectly competitive market. The re-sults of the study indicate that despite changes in prices, the numerical analysis shows that prices are stable. The entry and exit of companies in the market does not affect price stability. This finding implies that after the pandemic the prices of handsanitizers will return to normal, so producers and consumers must remain rational.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85086877825","10.2298/TSCI190406072W","2020-01-01","Performance of solar hot-water installations from roof-constructed solar collectors integrated with a central heating supply for tobacco curing","In view of the abundant solar energy available during the tobacco curing season, a solar hot-water installation to provide auxiliary heating for bulk tobacco-curing operations was developed, based on the original concept of a boiler-driven central heating supply that transported hot water over short distances by pipeline, using solar collectors connected in parallel and installed on the unoccupied flat roofs of 20 curing barns. The results showed that daily solar conversion efficiency ranged from 65% to 67%. During the tobacco curing period from 10:00 hours to 14:00 hours each day, in sunny or partly cloudy weather, heating water temperatures exceeding 75 °C were automatically derived for use in the bulk curing barns needed. Use of solar energy as a substitute for coal fuel in tobacco curing, in conjunction with precise automatic control, enabled solar energy to account for 18.4% of the total curing energy consumption in this study. Through comparative analysis, the use of solar hot-water installations can help the local tobacco industry to reduce absolute carbon emissions by more than 10% at the experimental location in the pay-back period.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85099859090","10.33266/2070-1004-2020-3-52-59","2020-01-01","Development of psychological-psychiatric direction in medical prevention of road traffic injuries","In order to justify the need to improve the medical prevention of road traffic injuries (DTT), the development of the psychological and psychiatric direction in this area is analyzed. The article considers the legal regulation of medical support of road safety (BDD). It is found that with very extensive and multidimensional regulation in this area, there are factors that make it difficult to achieve the goals. It is noted that the psychological and psychiatric direction of medical prevention of DTT requires significant improvement. The paper presents a conceptual model of psychoprophylaxis to ensure BDD, which can contribute to the development of intersectoral interaction and increase the effectiveness of measures in the field of BDD. This model will work by including in the system of medical prevention of a comprehensive psychological and psychiatric approach with early diagnosis of states of mental disadaptation and identification of risk factors of dangerous driving in drivers of motor vehicles.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85087555799","10.5281/zenodo.3931044","2020-01-01","Biocracy and fundamental right to the new world order in the post-pandemic COVID-19 Biocracia y derecho fundamental al nuevo orden mundial en la postpandemia COVID-19","Biocracy-political power based on the care and protection of life-is defined and its relationship with the fundamental right to a new world order (NOM), enshrined in article 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR, 1948) is described, that imperatively obliges the States to make fully effective all the human rights (HHRR) of all people-inherent to human dignity-so that they achieve personal happiness, concretizing in freedom and autonomy, their valuable life project, without damages or arbitrariness, fulfilling the state duty to respect, protect and guarantee human rights, as a challenge for the international community in favor of the human family in the post-pandemic of COVID-19, described as the first world “biological” war.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85072528465","10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2019.100504","2020-02-01","Hopelessness is associated with poor sleep quality after breast cancer surgery among Tunisian women","001). Multivariate analysis retained as main predictors of the sleep quality habitation and hopelessness scores. After controlling for demographic (age) and social (habitation) variables, hopelessness significantly contributed to sleep quality. Conclusion: Hopelessness was positively associated to sleep disorders in women suffering from breast cancer. Hopelessness requires an appropriate management in order to prevent depression and suicide and to improve the quality of life of these patients.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85082146696","10.1111/dewb.12198","2020-03-01","Evolution of research ethics in a low resource setting: A case for Uganda","Background: The globalization of clinical research in the last two decades has led to a significant increase in the volume of clinical research in developing countries. As of 2016, Uganda was the third largest destination for clinical trials in Africa. This requires adequate capacity and systems to facilitate ethical practice. Methods: This was a retrospective study involving review of laws, guidelines, policies and records from 1896 to date. Results: Modern medicine evolved from 1896 and by the time of Uganda's independence in 1962, a 1500 bed national referral hospital was in place and a fully-fledged medical school was established at the Makerere University. As the practice of medicine evolved in the country, so did medical research that addressed priority health issues. The growth in modern medicine was not matched with development of research infrastructure and regulatory systems. The first documented regulation of research activities was in 1970 while the first research ethics committee established in 1986 was to facilitate review of research related to the HIV/AIDs pandemic. In 1990 an Act of Parliament was passed to facilitate development and implementation of policies, hence the development of the national guidelines in 1997, training, establishment and accreditation of research ethics committees, conferences and research site monitoring. Conclusion: Over the past 120 years, the implementation and structural aspects of research ethics in Uganda have evolved through 70 years of no regulation, followed by 30 years of rudimentary regulation while the last 20 years have shown significant growth in the regulatory system associated with supportive laws, institutionalization of regulatory and training processes.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85077446019","10.1016/j.msec.2019.110593","2020-04-01","Intercalating pyrene with polypeptide as a novel self-assembly nano-carrier for colon cancer suppression in vitro and in vivo","Giving patients right dosage is an essential concept of precision medicine. Most of nanocarriers lack of flexible drug capacity and structural stability to be customized for specific treatment, resulting in low therapeutic efficacy and unexpected side effects. Thus, a growing need emerges for fast and rigorous approaches to develop nanoparticles with properties of adjustable dosage and controllable particle size. Poly-L-Lysine is known for its enhanced bioadhesivity and pH-triggered structural swelling effect, which is utilized as the main agent to activate the multistage drug releasing. Inspired by natural bio-assembly system, we report a simple method to self-assemble Poly-L-Lysine-based nanoparticles via supramolecular recognitions of cross-linked pyrenes, which provides noncovalent force to flexibly encapsulate Doxorubincin and to construct robust nanostructures. Pyrene-modified polypeptide self-assemblies are able to adjust drug payload from 1: 10 to 2:1 (drug: polypeptide) without changing its uniform nano-spherical morphology. This nanostructure remained the as-made morphology even after experiencing the long-term (~ 10 weeks) storage at room temperature. Also, the nanoparticles displayed multi-step drug release behaviours and exhibited great in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity towards colon cancer cells. The as-mentioned nanoparticles provide a novel perspective to compensate the clinical needs of specific drug feedings and scalable synthesis with advantages of simple-synthesis, size-adaptivity, and morphology reversibility.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85090049587",,"2020-05-01","Off-label medical prescription and COVID-19: An ethical-legal reflexion Prescrição médica “off-label” e COVID-19: Uma reflexão ético-jurídica","Humankind was surprised by the COVID-19 pandemic, for which there are no drugs approved by authorities. However, some medicines for other diseases (e.g., malaria, HIV, Ebola) are being used. In this text we will address the conditions of legality and ethical legitimacy for the off-label use of medicines.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85087371774","10.1080/14789450.2020.1782202","2020-05-03","Proteogenomic biomarkers in colorectal cancers: clinical applications","Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers in terms of incidence and mortality, rate requiring a multidisciplinary approach. The discovery of specific CRC biomarkers has caused a paradigm shift in its clinical management. Areas covered: The aim is to illustrate the possible clinical applications of CRC biomarkers through an updated literature review (from 2015 to 2020) based on the PubMed database. A relationship between cancer localization and genetic profile has been identified. Nowadays, the tumor markers are largely used to select patients that could really benefit from a specific type of adjuvant therapy, in order to optimize treatment programs, especially in metastatic patients. This review highlights both CRC biomarkers’ advantages and critical issues. Expert opinion: New biomarker discoveries allow to set noninvasive tests that could increase patient’s compliance with therapy. They also permit a cost-effective early diagnosis, as well as patient-tailored treatments, improving the overall survival. The CRC biomarkers could also have a prognostic value, and usually, they are included in follow-up programs. However, despite the continuous progression of new technologies, their clinical validation is still debated. In this context, additional clinical studies are still necessary to identify, among potential markers, the most effective ones.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85083443029","10.1016/j.fri.2020.200378","2020-06-01","Implications for forensic death investigations from first Swiss post-mortem CT in a case of non-hospital treatment with COVID-19","Case details: A case of a 50-year old HIV-positive man is presented, with focus on visualization of post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) of the lungs, in comparison to a forensic control case. He had been found dead at home, a day after his nasopharyngeal swab had returned positive for SARS-COV-2, three days after the sample had been taken as an outpatient, over five weeks after first exhibiting possible symptoms. 3D-visualization was performed by visually discriminating correlates for aerated, poorly aerated and non-aerated lung regions. The visual side-by-side comparison with a control case shows the deterioration beyond any ”normal” post-mortem finding, however. The PMCT findings in the lungs resemble those of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), while histologically identified inflammation also shows, in part binuclear, lymphocytes. In addition, acute liver dystrophy and acute tubular necrosis in the kidneys were found. Except coronary artery atherosclerosis, there appeared to be no remarkable pathology of the heart. Comment: With the pandemic impact of SARS-COV-2, a range of issues unfolds, also for medicolegal investigations into deaths, as we report the first Swiss case with post-mortem CT where death had occurred due to a SARS-COV-2 infection, with features of a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, as an outpatient. As this pandemic from the view of risk assessment does constitute a black swan, underestimated fat tails as technical reason should be addressed by also analyzing apparent extreme single observations. This case of an outpatient (without hospital or intensive-care treatment) shows a pulmonary progression beyond the typical findings of COVID-19, to a non-specific picture of ARDS, where histologically, in part binuclear lymphocytes were remarked. What appeared to be an initially slow progression with final rapid escalation raises the question whether nasopharyngeal swabs alone or added pulmonary CT might be better for screening high-risk patients. The reported symptoms and relatively late medical consultation in this case appeared to contrast with the extensive pathology, raising the question whether any search for super-spreaders should not just focus on asymptomatic but under-reported symptomatic patients, and whether their prolonged circulation in everyday life would justify measures such as for example more extensive face mask policies. As post-mortem testing for SARS-COV-2 may not be available for every case, PMCT may provide sensitive testing for lung changes related to COVID-19. In order to allow for more precise medicolegal investigations in the context of COVID-19, however, any more specific extra tests may have to be financed by stakeholders in epidemiology, infectious disease or policy.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85090641570","10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_167_20","2020-06-01","A Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Institutional Isolation during the COVID Pandemic: A Multifaceted Responsibility","The occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused big challenges in medical communities due to its unpredictable and uncertain nature. It leads to a great deal of physical and psychological concerns. It is more prone to patients with comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus and also to immune-compromised patients such as cancer patients. Children are no exception. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in the pediatric age group. In this case, we discuss the concerns and reflect the issues of a 10-year-old boy of ALL who was tested COVID positive during the evaluation and treatment of his disease and was admitted in a COVID isolation center along with his mother who was COVID negative.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85084814760","10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.024","2020-07-01","Neurologic complications of COVID-19","Background: Much of the focus regarding the global pandemic of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has been on the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and hematologic complications. However, neurologic complications have arisen as an increasingly recognized area of morbidity and mortality. Objective: This brief report summarizes the neurologic complications associated with COVID-19 with an emphasis on the emergency medicine clinician. Discussion: COVID-19 has infected over 3.5 million people and killed over 240,000 people worldwide. While pulmonary complications are profound, the neurologic system is also significantly impacted, with complications including acute cerebrovascular events, encephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Additionally, patients on immunosuppressive medications for pre-existing neurologic issues are at an increased risk for complications with COVID-19 infection, and many of the currently proposed COVID-19 therapies can interact with these medications. Conclusions: When caring for COVID-19 patients, emergency medicine clinicians should be aware of the neurologic complications from COVID-19.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85085053100","10.1177/0194599820928970","2020-07-01","Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Otolaryngology Surgery in Italy: The Experience of Our University Hospital","Otolaryngology and head and neck surgery underwent drastic changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since March 10, the first day of the lockdown in Italy, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were limited to emergency and oncology cases, while outpatient procedures and clinical examinations were temporarily suspended to limit virus diffusion and to reallocate personnel into wards dedicated to COVID-19. In our otolaryngology unit, between March 10 and April 28, 2020, we performed 96 surgical procedures; they mainly consisted in diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors of the head and neck (77%), management of acute upper airway obstruction in adults and children (14.7%), drainage of abscesses of the head and neck (6.2%), and treatment of nasal bone fractures (2.1%). When comparing these data with those of the same period in 2019 for emergency and oncology procedures, we noticed a drastic reduction of head and neck abscesses and nasal bone fractures, while oncology surgery remained stable.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85087740568","10.1200/GO.20.00220","2020-07-08","Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Care for Rare Cancers","5 hours from RMH. Patient satisfaction (n = 108) with telemedicine was high (mean, 9/10), and only 48% (n = 52/108) would not want to hear bad news using telemedicine. Clinicians found telemedicine efficient, with no associated increased workload, compared with face-to-face appointments. Clinicians indicated lack of physical examination did not often affect care provision when using telemedicine. Most clinicians (n = 17; 94%) believed telemedicine use was practice changing; congruently, 80% (n = 86/108) of patients desired some telemedicine as part of their future care, citing reduced cost and travel time. CONCLUSION Telemedicine can revolutionize delivery of cancer care, particularly for patients with rare cancers who often live far away from expert centers. Our study demonstrates important patient and clinician benefits; assessment of longer-term impact on patient outcomes and health care systems is needed.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85081027517","10.1016/j.ejso.2020.02.037","2020-08-01","Borderline or locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A single center experience on the FOLFIRINOX induction regimen","Introduction: This study aimed to determine the impact of FOLFIRINOX neoadjuvant therapy on patients with non-metastatic borderline/locally advanced (BL/LA) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), in current practice. Material and methods: From 2010 to 2017, 258 patients with BL/LA PDAC from a single high-volume institution received FOLFIRINOX neoadjuvant treatment. Results: The 258 patients received a median number of 6 cycles of FOLFIRINOX (range, 3–16); 98 (38%) patients underwent curative surgery, and 160 (62%) continued medical treatment. A venous resection was performed in 57 patients (58%), and an arterial resection in 12 (12%). The postoperative 30- and 90-day mortality rates were 6.1% and 8.2%, respectively. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 57 patients (59%). The median overall survival (OS) in patients who did (n = 98) or did not (n = 160) undergo surgical resection were 39 months and 19 months, respectively (P < 0.001). In resected patients, the ASA 3 score (P < 0.01), venous resection (P < 0.01), hemorrhage (P < 0.01), and R1 margin status (P = 0.03) were found to negatively influence the OS. The median OS was significantly higher in patients who did not require a venous resection (not reached vs. 26.5 months, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX provided a survival benefit in BL/LA PDAC patients, particularly in those who did not ultimately require venous resection.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85092086076","10.21109/KESMAS.V15I3.3301","2020-08-01","Family planning communication between wives and husbands: Insights from the 2017 Indonesia demographic and health survey","id/kesmas, Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 InternationalFrequent inter-spousal communication is regarded as an indicator of safe family planning practice. Nevertheless, communication on family planning within couples in Indonesia is still largely unexplored. This study assessed the levels of inter-spousal communication on family planning and its associated determinants, using cross-sectional and nationally representative data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, from a randomly selected cohort of 8,925 currently-married couples. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, inter-spousal communication behaviors, and attitudes regarding family planning were collected. The dependent variable in this study was wives' responses to how frequently couples discuss family planning. The level of inter-spousal communication on family planning was classified into: never, once or twice, or more frequent. The determinants of the study were region, marital duration, couples' fertility preference, wife's exposed family planning message on television, wife's health problem due to contraception, wife's discussed family planning with doctor, nurse/midwives, or field worker, husband's exposed family planning with field worker, husband's approval and couples' contraceptive use. The analyses were stratified based on the frequency of inter-spousal communication: never, once or twice, or more frequent. There was a greater husband's approval of family planning and communications with family planning field workers, and that those encouraged inter-spousal communication in Indonesia.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091824294",,"2020-09-01","Psychopathological and psychosocial risk profile of adolescents and young mothers in the post-partum period Profilo psicopatologico e di rischio psicosociale in madri adolescenti e di giovane età nel postpartum","Background - Motherhood in adolescence is associated with numerous risk factors that could have a negative effect on the well-being of the mother, on her parenting skills and on the relationship with her child. Aims - To assess the psychopathological profile and psychosocial risk factors of 104 adolescent and young mothers (age range 13-21) who were recruited at the Child Neuropsychiatric Unit of ASST “Santi Paolo and Carlo” Hospital (Milan, Italy). Materials and method - 3 months after giving birth, mothers filled in a personal data sheet; maternal attachment models and reflective functioning were evaluated with Adult Attachment Interview and the presence of maternal adverse childhood experiences were analysed with CECA. Depressive risk with EPDS, anxiety risk with STAI-Y and parenting stress with PSI-SF were also assessed. Results - 75% of mothers have a low socio-economic level and 80% have low levels of education. In 79% of the cases, the mothers do not work and 50% of them interrupted their studies. Pregnancy is mostly not desired (76%) and the majority of them have a family history of parenthood in adolescence. On a psychopathological level, depressive and anxious risks are high. Most adolescent and young mothers have an insecure attachment model with low reflective functioning; moreover, 51% of the mothers have experienced at least one adverse childhood experience and adverse experiences are often cumulative. Conclusion - The study shows a high-risk psychopathological and psychosocial profile of motherhood in adolescence, which can have an effect on the mother's health, affecting her ability to interact and build an adequate relationship with her child. It is therefore important to implement early interventions to support the child-adolescent mother relationship from the earliest phases, promoting maternal mentalization and sensitivity.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85084860472","10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104806","2020-09-01","The scientific literature on Coronaviruses, COVID-19 and its associated safety-related research dimensions: A scientometric analysis and scoping review","The COVID-19 global pandemic has generated an abundance of research quickly following the outbreak. Within only a few months, more than a thousand studies on this topic have already appeared in the scientific literature. In this short review, we analyse the bibliometric aspects of these studies on a macro level, as well as those addressing Coronaviruses in general. Furthermore, through a scoping analysis of the literature on COVID-19, we identify the main safety-related dimensions that these studies have thus far addressed. Our findings show that across various research domains, and apart from the medical and clinical aspects such as the safety of vaccines and treatments, issues related to patient transport safety, occupational safety of healthcare professionals, biosafety of laboratories and facilities, social safety, food safety, and particularly mental/psychological health and domestic safety have thus far attracted most attention of the scientific community in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis also uncovers various potentially significant safety problems caused by this global health emergency which currently have attracted only limited scientific focus but may warrant more attention. These include matters such as cyber safety, economic safety, and supply-chain safety. These findings highlight why, from an academic research perspective, a holistic interdisciplinary approach and a collective scientific effort is required to help understand and mitigate the various safety impacts of this crisis whose implications reach far beyond the bio-medical risks. Such holistic safety-scientific understanding of the COVID-19 crisis can furthermore be instrumental to be better prepared for a future pandemic.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85085133707","10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0141","2020-09-01","Multiple Myeloma Incidence and Mortality Around the Globe; Interrelations Between Health Access and Quality, Economic Resources, and Patient Empowerment","54 and 5.3 per 100,000 and correlates with 1-MIR, patient empowerment, HAQ Index, and access to cancer drugs. The 1-MIR varies between 9% and 64% and is closely related to myeloma incidence, HAQ Index, patient empowerment, access to cancer drugs, and health care expenditures. Conclusion: The global incidence and outcome of MM shows significant disparities, indicating under-recognition and suboptimal treatment in many parts of the globe. Results also highlight the importance of economic resources, access to and quality of health care, and patient education for improving diagnosis and survival of patients with MM. Implications for Practice: Multiple myeloma accounts for 10% of all hematological malignancies and has moved to the forefront of clinical interest because of the significant advances in medical treatment. Diagnosis depends on laboratory tests, imaging, and professional expertise, particularly in patients without a significant M-component. The present data show a substantial worldwide variation in incidence and mortality, that is mainly due (apart from variations due to ethnicity and lifestyle) to disparities in access to and quality of health care, a parameter strongly related to the economic development of individual countries. Improvement of quality of care and, consequently, in outcome is associated with patient empowerment.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091500957","10.3389/fpubh.2020.00502","2020-09-11","Preparedness of the Healthcare Personnel Against the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: An Audit Cycle"," The study concludes that the non-clinical staff, being a vital part of the healthcare framework, need to be educated and effective approaches for official inclusion of relevant information need to be incorporated into clinical practice to limit the transmission of COVID-19.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091121173","10.1016/j.bbe.2020.08.005","2020-10-01","Computer-aided detection of COVID-19 from X-ray images using multi-CNN and Bayesnet classifier","44%. The experiments performed in this study proved the effectiveness of pre-trained multi-CNN over single CNN in the detection of COVID-19.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091208321","10.1136/emermed-2020-209980","2020-10-01","Emergency department use during COVID-19 as described by syndromic surveillance","On 12 March 2020 the UK entered the € delay phase' of the COVID-19 pandemic response. The Public Health England Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance System (EDSSS) carries out daily (near real-time) public health surveillance of emergency department (ED) attendances across England. This retrospective observational analysis of EDSSS data aimed to describe changes in ED attendances during March-April 2020, and identify the attendance types with the largest impact. Type 1 ED attendances were selected from 109 EDs that reported data to EDSSS for the period 1 January 2019 to 26 April 2020. The daily numbers of attendances were plotted by age group and acuity of presentation. The 2020 'COVID-19' period (12 March 2020 to 26 April 2020) attendances were compared with the equivalent 2019 'pre-COVID-19' period (14 March 2019 to 28 April 2019): in total; by hour and day of the week; age group(<1, 1-4, 15-14, 15-44, 45-64 and 65+ years); gender; acuity; and for selected syndromic indicators(acute respiratory infection, gastroenteritis, myocardial ischaemia). Daily ED attendances up to 11 March 2020 showed regular trends, highest on a Monday and reduced in children during school holidays. From 12 March 2020 ED attendances decreased across all age groups, all acuity levels, on all days and times. Across age groups the greatest percentage reductions were seen in school age children (5-14 years). By acuity, the greatest reduction occurred in the less severe presentations. Syndromic indicators showed that the greatest reductions were in non-respiratory indicators, which fell by 44-67% during 2020 COVID-19, while acute respiratory infection was reduced by -4.4% (95% CI -9.5% to 0.6%). ED attendances in England have been particularly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic due to changes in healthcare seeking behaviour. EDSSS has enabled real-time daily monitoring of these changes, which are made publicly available to facilitate action. The EDSSS provides valuable surveillance of ED attendances in England. The flexibility of EDSSS allowed rapid development of new indicators (including COVID-19-like) and reporting methods.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85092682234","10.1161/JAHA.120.017787","2020-10-06","Cardio-oncology in the era of the covid-19 pandemic and beyond","Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a global pandemic and public health crisis. Increasing waves of intermittent infectious outbreaks have dramatically influenced care among broad populations. Over the past 2 decades, there has been a rapid increase in cancer survival, with >400 000 new survivors each year. The increasingly common presence of cardiovascular disease in patients during or after cancer treatment led to the rapid growth of the field of cardio-oncology with a mandate of identifying, treating, and preventing the various forms of cardiovascular disease seen among this population. This review evaluates the implications of the pandemic on the practice and study of cardiooncology. The evolving understanding of the relationship between comorbid disease and clinical outcomes among this population is assessed. With the impetus of the pandemic, cardio-oncology can be deliberate in embracing changes to cardiac screening, monitoring, and intervention during oncology care. Bridging 2 specialties, consideration of the lessons learned in cancer and cardiovascular may pivotally inform ongoing therapeutic efforts. Further, the development of multicenter registries focused on understanding and optimizing outcomes among these patients should be considered. Together, these insights may critically inform strategies for the care of cardio-oncology patients in future phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85092370218","10.1007/s00103-020-03229-1","2020-11-01","Monoclonal antibodies for anti-infective therapy Monoklonale Antikörper zur antiinfektiven Therapie","Sera of animal origin and hyperimmunoglobulins have dominated serum therapy for a century. Although numerous monoclonal antibodies (MABs) have been developed since the end of the 1980s, particularly for the treatment of immunological and oncological diseases, it will take 20 years before the first anti-infective MAB is approved in the European Union. Interestingly, to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous MABs, which are approved in particular for immunological indications, are currently being used to treat the consequences of SARS-CoV‑2 infection, such as pneumonia or hyperimmune reactions. The approved monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of infectious diseases are presented here. In addition, an overview of the current developments, in particular in the treatment of SARS-CoV‑2 infection, is provided.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85086836424","10.1080/17441692.2020.1775867","2020-11-01","Adolescent mothers affected by HIV and their children: A scoping review of evidence and experiences from sub-Saharan Africa","While adolescents have received increasing attention in the global HIV response and international strategies and commitments, adolescent mothers and their children remain largely overlooked in research, funding and, programming for health-related outcomes. We conducted an extensive scoping review of current evidence on the experiences of adolescent mothers affected by HIV and their children in this region. We included published literature and conference abstracts, complemented by consultations with key stakeholders, and a review of documents through grey literature searching. First, we summarise the experiences of adolescent mothers and their children related to HIV and key health and development indicators. The syndemic of early motherhood and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa increases the vulnerability of adolescent mothers and their children. We then highlight lessons from a series of promising programmes focused on supporting adolescent mothers through novel approaches. In sub-Saharan Africa, supporting adolescent mothers living in high HIV-risk communities is critical not only to eliminate HIV/AIDS, but also to attain the Sustainable Development Goals. While research on and programming for adolescent mothers and their children is growing, the complex needs for this vulnerable group remain unmet. We conclude with evidence gaps and programming priorities for adolescent mothers affected by HIV and their children.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85096257955","10.3390/v12111295","2020-11-01","Single amino acid mutations affect zika virus replication in vitro and virulence in vivo","The 2014–2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in the Americas resulted in large deposits of next-generation sequencing data from clinical samples. This resource was mined to identify emerging mutations and trends in mutations as the outbreak progressed over time. Information on transmission dynamics, prevalence, and persistence of intra-host mutants, and the position of a mutation on a protein were then used to prioritize 544 reported mutations based on their ability to impact ZIKV phenotype. Using this criteria, six mutants (representing naturally occurring mutations) were generated as synthetic infectious clones using a 2015 Puerto Rican epidemic strain PRVABC59 as the parental backbone. The phenotypes of these naturally occurring variants were examined using both cell culture and murine model systems. Mutants had distinct phenotypes, including changes in replication rate, embryo death, and decreased head size. In particular, a NS2B mutant previously detected during in vivo studies in rhesus macaques was found to cause lethal infections in adult mice, abortions in pregnant females, and increased viral genome copies in both brain tissue and blood of female mice. Additionally, mutants with changes in the region of NS3 that interfaces with NS5 during replication displayed reduced replication in the blood of adult mice. This analytical pathway, integrating both bioinformatic and wet lab experiments, provides a foundation for understanding how naturally occurring single mutations affect disease outcome and can be used to predict the of severity of future ZIKV outbreaks. To determine if naturally occurring individual mutations in the Zika virus epidemic genotype affect viral virulence or replication rate in vitro or in vivo, we generated an infectious clone representing the epidemic genotype of stain Puerto Rico, 2015. Using this clone, six mutants were created by changing nucleotides in the genome to cause one to two amino acid substitutions in the encoded proteins. The six mutants we generated represent mutations that differentiated the early epidemic genotype from genotypes that were either ancestral or that occurred later in the epidemic. We assayed each mutant for changes in growth rate, and for virulence in adult mice and pregnant mice. Three of the mutants caused catastrophic embryo effects including increased embryonic death or significant decrease in head diameter. Three other mutants that had mutations in a genome region associated with replication resulted in changes in in vitro and in vivo replication rates. These results illustrate the potential impact of individual mutations in viral phenotype.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85100399796","10.3760/cma.j.cn101441-20191103-00497","2020-11-25","A cross-sectional study on reproductive health knowledge sources and knowledge reserves,contraceptive attitudes and behaviors of abortion female's male partners 人工流产患者男性伴侣的生殖健康知识来源与知识水平、避孕态度和行为的横断面研究","001). Conclusion: The main ways for male to obtain reproductive health knowledge include the internet, healthcare workers, media publicity, etc. and the more access, the more abundant the reproductive health knowledge of men, the more likely they are to take effective contraceptive measures and reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancy abortion.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091200561","10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101842","2020-12-01","Cascades - Mapping the multi-disciplinary landscape in a post-pandemic world","This paper introduces the Special Issue on Cascading Effects in Disaster Risk Management. It reviews the contributions and highlights their multi-disciplinary interpretations of cascades. It proceeds to discuss whether the on-going unfolding of the COVID-19 pandemic illustrates the cascades metaphor.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85101436914","10.1109/EITT50754.2020.00015","2020-12-01","Research on Support Services of MOOC-Based Online Teacher Professional Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic","During the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China has noted that elementary and secondary schools in various regions should ensure Undisrupted Learning with Disrupted Classes. Therefore, it is important to carry out online teacher professional development (PD) to ensure the quality of basic education. We adopt the literature research method, theoretical deduction method, investigation research method and evaluation research method. Guided by the fundamental principles of online teaching and the Internet+thinking, we follow the general online teacher PD process, which is building a community, defining PD issues, providing PD resources, organizing PD activities, generating PD outcomes, and evaluating the outcomes. The Chinese Universities MOOCs Platform is deployed to provide PD resources, organize and manage PD activities. Then we design and apply the MOOC-based online teacher PD support model. Empirical results have shown that this model effectively meets the online PD needs, and corrects the misconceptions of online teaching of first-line elementary and secondary school teachers during the pandemic. Moreover, this model can promote teachers' engagement in online PD. At the same time, we foster a batch of typical online teacher PD cases, which contributes to the online teaching practice to achieve Undisrupted Learning with Disrupted Classes.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85096786865","10.15252/embj.2020107227","2020-12-01","Survival of the Wealthiest?"," The health emergency provides a unique opportunity for a new paradigm to mitigate between global health, national and commercial interests.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85097832364","10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040529","2020-12-10","Regular running in an air-polluted environment: Physiological and anthropometric protocol for a prospective cohort study (Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment Study - Program 4)"," The findings of this study will be disseminated at regional and international conferences, in peer-reviewed journals and via social and broadcast media.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85104756554",,"2021-01-01","The pandemic of COVID 19 and Role of Academic Libraries","The present article highlights the role of libraries and the library staff to be played during the emergency circumstances of the community spread of the virus of the COVID-19 worldwide. The study proposes that the libraries cannot afford to close down their formal duties of providing information to the users. During the situation of lockdown, the libraries can provide the relevant information and knowledge sources to the information seekers including teachers, students and researchers through various online and web sources. The libraries should be in continuous coordination with the researchers conducting research in the field of the cure of the COVID-19. Besides performing these formal roles, libraries have the social roles to play which includes the roles of disseminating the awareness about the precautions to taken for the prevention of the CORONA-19, spreading out the guidelines of government in community and playing motivational role boosting the morale of people.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85105088883","10.1007/978-981-33-4543-0_63","2021-01-01","Analysis, visualization and prediction of COVID-19 pandemic spread using machine learning","Over the years, human beings have faced several health issues related to the spread of viruses. After Spanish flu, Nipah, and Ebola, now COVID-19 has thrown a serious threat to society all over the world. The rate is increasing exponentially, prevention, proper measurement and strategic action are the need of the hour to combat this pandemic. This paper focuses on analyzing COVID-19 dataset using numerous machine learning (ML) algorithms, visualizing the results and evaluating the performance of the best algorithm. The spread of virus outbreak has caused thousands of deaths across the world and is considered to be a pandemic according to WHO reports. There are a number of methods in preventing the risk of infection manually such as predicting the risk of infection, screening the patients, using chatbots to analyze the risk of infection, identifying and speeding up drug development, etc. In this paper, we mainly experimented with KNN, ANN, SVM, linear (LR) and polynomial regression (PR) methods to learn and analyze about pandemic spread. To achieve this, we have considered COVID-19 dataset of Karnataka state. Mostly, district-wise confirmed, active and death cases have been considered for this work. In addition, we have also performed gender-wise infection spread and presented a cumulative dashboard for overall district-wise active, confirmed and recovered cases of Karnataka.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85104693469","10.1007/s12291-021-00972-3","2021-01-01","An Integrated Approach of the Potential Underlying Molecular Mechanistic Paradigms of SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Coagulopathy","Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a pandemic disease which has affected more than 6.2 million people globally, with numbers mounting considerably daily. However, till date, no specific treatment modalities are available for Covid-19 and also not much information is known about this disease. Recent studies have revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with the generation of thrombosis and coagulopathy. Fundamentally, it has been believed that a diverse array of signalling pathways might be responsible for the activation of coagulation cascade during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Henceforth, a detailed understanding of these probable underlying molecular mechanistic pathways causing thrombosis in Covid-19 disease deserves an urgent exploration. Therefore, in this review, the hypothetical crosstalk between distinct signalling pathways including apoptosis, inflammation, hypoxia and angiogenesis attributable for the commencement of thrombotic events during SARS-CoV-2 infection has been addressed which might further unravel promising therapeutic targets in Covid-19 disease.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85102215955","10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.01.003","2021-01-01","TSP-based PCR for rapid identification of L and S type strains of SARS-CoV-2","Copyright BACKGROUND: In the initial few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, two distinct strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) were identified (L and S strain) based on a tightly linked SNP between two widely separated nucleotides at location 8782 (ORF1ab T8517C) and position 28,144 (ORF8: C251T, codon S84L). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Type Specific Primer based one step RT-PCR (TSP-PCR) test to distinguish the L and S type strains of SARS-CoV-2 without the need for viral genome sequencing, was developed. The study also analyzed 18,221 whole genome sequences (WGS) available up to April 2020 to know the prevalence of L and S type of strains. Phylogenetic and recombination analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genome with nearest animal and human coronaviruses were analyzed using MEGA X and SimPlot version 3.5.1 software respectively. RESULTS: The rapid TSP-PCR distinguished the L and S type strains of SARS-CoV-2 by amplifying a specific 326 bp and 256 bp fragment of the L and S type strain respectively. The test was used to analyzed 120 random SARS-CoV-2 positive samples from Assam, India among which 118 were found to be of L-type strains only. On analysis of 18,221 WGS, it was found that L type was the predominant strain with an overall prevalence ∼90%. However, pockets of high prevalence of S-type strains (>35%) were still in circulation in Washington region in April 2020. The study did not detect any significant recombination events between closely related coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSION: TSP-based PCR for identification of circulating strains of SARS-CoV-2, will add in rapid identification of strains of COVID-19 pandemic to understand the spread of the virus, its transmissibility and adaptation into human population. Though, the S-type strains have decreased drastically across the globe since April 2020, the role of TSP-PCR in geographical niches where such strains are still prevalent may help in rapidly distinguishing the strains and study its evolution.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85099139700","10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00478","2021-01-01","Therapeutic potential of nitazoxanide: An appropriate choice for repurposing versus SARS-CoV-2?","12 μM. Here we examine its drug properties, antiviral activity against different viruses, clinical trials outcomes, and mechanisms of antiviral action from the literature in order to highlight the therapeutic potential for the treatment of COVID-19. Furthermore, in preliminary PK/PD analyses using clinical data reported in the literature, comparison of simulated TIZ (active metabolite of NTZ) exposures at two doses with the in vitro potency of NTZ against SARS-CoV-2 gives further support for drug repurposing with potential in combination chemotherapy approaches. The review concludes with details of second generation thiazolides under development that could lead to improved antiviral therapies for future indications.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85098559336","10.1080/10911359.2020.1822254","2021-01-01","Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on working lives and psychological health of orthopedic surgeons in Pakistan","COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis. It has affected the working lives and psychological health of orthopedic surgeons in Pakistan. However, there is a lack of research on this topic, therefore the current study has examined the effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on the working lives and psychological health of orthopedic surgeons in Pakistan. Using a cross-sectional survey research design, data were collected from 364 orthopedic surgeons in Pakistan. Missing data analysis were performed with Little’s Test for Missing Data. Descriptive Statistics were used to report results on effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Chi-square test was used to determine association between COVID-19 pandemic and psychological health. Findings revealed that majority of orthopedic surgeons were not directly involved in the care of COVID-19 patients, however, those who were involved had experienced a high level of stress, fear, and anxiety. It was because the orthopedic surgeons had no proper personal protection equipment, and government response toward COVID-19 was not satisfactory. Moreover, work-life balance of orthopedic surgeons was also disturbed. The COVID-19 pandemic is major health crisis. It has severely affected the working lives and psychological health of the orthopedic surgeons in Pakistan. The Orthopedic surgeons can cope with the psychological effects of COVID-19 through developing resilience and self-control. Moreover, they can avail social support from family, and engage in two-way communication and teambuilding activities in hospitals.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85092750631","10.1093/NTR/NTZ239","2021-01-01","The biological impact of menthol on tobacco dependence","In the 1920s, tobacco companies created a marketing campaign for what would one day be their most profitable series of products: Mentholated tobacco cigarettes. Menthol provides the smoker with a pleasant mint flavor in addition to a cooling sensation of the mouth, throat, and lungs, giving relief from the painful irritation caused by tobacco smoke. Promising a healthier cigarette using pictures of doctors in white coats and even cartoon penguins, tobacco companies promoted these cigarettes to young, beginner smokers and those with respiratory health concerns. Today, smoking tobacco cigarettes causes one in five US Americans to die prematurely, crowning it as the leading cause of preventable death. In contrast to the dubious health claims by tobacco companies, mentholated cigarettes are in fact more addictive. Smokers of mentholated cigarettes have lower successful quit rates and in some cases are resistant to both behavioral and pharmacological treatment strategies. There is now considerable evidence, especially in the last 5 years, that suggest menthol might influence the addictive potential of nicotine-containing tobacco products via biological mechanisms. First, menthol alters the expression, stoichiometry, and function of nicotinic receptors. Second, menthol's chemosensory properties operate to mask aversive properties of using tobacco products. Third, menthol's chemosensory properties aid in serving as a conditioned cue that can both enhance nicotine intake and drive relapse. Fourth, menthol alters nicotine metabolism, increasing its bioavailability. This review discusses emerging evidence for these mechanisms, with an emphasis on preclinical findings that may shed light on why menthol smokers exhibit greater dependence.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85105179463","10.1111/jocn.15809","2021-01-01","A grounded theory of clinical nurses’ process of coping during COVID-19","Aims and Objectives: To explore clinical nurses’ process of coping during COVID-19 and develop a grounded theory that can be used by leaders to support clinical nurses during a disaster. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has provoked widespread disruption to clinical nurses’ work. It is important to understand clinical nurses’ processes of coping during disasters to support the nursing workforce during events such as global pandemics. Design: We employed the Corbin and Strauss variant of grounded theory methodology, informed by symbolic interactionism, and applied the EQUATOR guidelines for qualitative research publication (COREQ). Methods: Data collection entailed semi-structured interviews with experienced clinical nurses (n =20) across diverse settings. We analysed data by identifying key points in the nurses’ coping processes inductively building concepts around these points. Results: The predictor of nurses’ outcomes in this grounded theory was their confidence in their ability to cope during the pandemic. When nurses lacked confidence, they experienced working in the context of acute COVID—a state of chaos and anxiety, with negative consequences for nurses. However, when nurses were confident in their abilities to cope with the pandemic, they experienced working in the context of chronic COVID, a calmer state of acceptance. There were many workplace factors that influenced nurses’ confidence, including adequacy of personal protective equipment, clear information and guidance, supportive leadership, teamwork and adequate staffing. Conclusions: Understanding clinical nurses’ experience of coping during COVID-19 is essential to maintain the nursing workforce during similar disasters. Relevance to clinical practice: Nurse leaders can target areas that support nurses’ confidence, such as adequate PPE and staffing. In turn, increased confidence enables clinical nurses to cope during disasters such as a global pandemic.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85105031634","10.1177/09564624211007260","2021-01-01","Increasing cervical cancer screening at a non-government medical center in Lilongwe, Malawi","97), suggesting that the intervention likely was effective in increasing cervical cancer screening. Our results demonstrate that focusing on developing sustainable solutions and improving system processes, without additional equipment or funding, significantly increased the number of women screened and should be considered in other settings to enhance cervical cancer prevention services.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85102482287","10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0285.r1.21102020","2021-01-01","Incidence, characteristics and long-term outcomes of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis: A prospective prognosis cohort study in an emergency department","BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis is the most frequent hyperglycemic complication in the evolution of diabetes mellitus. Common precipitating factors include newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, noncompliance with therapy and infections. However, few studies have been conducted in Brazil and none were prospective in design. OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence, clinical and laboratory characteristics and precipitating factors of diabetic ketoacidosis among emergency department patients in a tertiary-level teaching hospital in Brazil. We also aimed to identify immediate and long-term mortality within two years. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective prognosis cohort study conduct at a tertiary-level teaching hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: All patients > 12 years old presenting diabetic ketoacidosis who were admitted to the emergency department from June 2015 to May 2016 were invited to participate. RESULTS: The incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis per 1,000 admissions was 8.7. Treatment noncompliance and infection were the most common causes of diabetic ketoacidosis. The immediate mortality rate was 5.8%, while the six-month, one-year and two-year mortality rates were 9.6%, 13.5% and 19.2%, respectively. Death occurring within two years was associated with age, type 2 diabetes, hypoalbuminemia, infection at presentation and higher sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at admission. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetic ketoacidosis among patients presenting to the emergency department was relatively frequent in our hospital. Treatment noncompliance and infection were major precipitating factors and presence of diabetic ketoacidosis was associated with immediate and long-term risk of death.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85104963063","10.3233/MAS-210511","2021-01-01","A probabilistic epidemiological model","We construct a model for the progress of the 2020 coronavirus epidemic in the United States of America, using probabilistic methods rather than the traditional compartmental model. We employ the generalized beta family of distributions, including those supported on bounded intervals and those supported on semi-infinite intervals. We compare the best-fit distributions for daily new cases and daily new deaths in America to the corresponding distributions for United Kingdom, Spain, and Italy. We explore how such a model might be justified theoretically in comparison to the apparently more natural compartmental model. We compare forecasts based on these models to observations, and find the forecasts useful in predicting total pandemic deaths.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85105101423","10.7150/ijbs.58906","2021-01-01","From impossible to possible: The lessons from the control of recent COVID-19 outbreaks in China","The COVID-19 pandemic has catastrophically impacted the world. Before the success in vaccination, this virus shows no sign of stop spreading. Nearly all the countries have implemented stringent approaches to slow down the transmission of the virus, but the virus still caused over 2 million deaths and the number is increasing. Therefore, preventing the virus spreading is still necessary to protect most people, especially the ones with pre-conditions. Mainland China has successfully eradicated the COVID-19 virus infection in Wuhan in 2020. After that, several small-scale outbreaks occurred in many cities in China, but none of these COVID-19 virus infections caused the widespread. In this review, we would like to give a detailed presentation of the approaches that were implemented by the China government to suppress the virus spreading by considering the unique characteristics of this virus and the paths of the virus transmission. Both the pros and cons of these strategies will also be analyzed. The experiences and lessons learned during the virus-fighting in China, expectedly, will be a useful source of reference for other regions in overcoming the threat caused by the COVID-19 virus.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85105896094","10.1002/jac5.1340","2021-02-01","Scalability of a remote advanced pharmacy practice experience with post-graduate year one pharmacy resident preceptors","001). There was a statistically significant increase at rotation conclusion in resident rating of extreme competence or extreme comfort in 45% of domains assessed. Conclusion: A remote APPE rotation is an effective approach to deliver an APPE rotation and can be successfully used to further student knowledge and provide PGY-1 pharmacy residents a precepting opportunity to advance their precepting skills when onsite experiences are limited.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85100359809","10.1093/ntr/ntaa154","2021-02-01","Economic Costs of Diseases and Deaths Attributable to Tobacco Use in India, 2017-2018","04% of India's gross domestic product (GDP), while the excise tax revenue from tobacco in the previous year was only 12.2% of its economic costs. The direct medical costs alone amount to 5.3% of total health expenditure. The enormous costs imposed on the nation's health care system due to tobacco use could potentially stress the public health care system and strain the economy and it warrants massive scaling up of tobacco control efforts in India. Implications: The study finds that the economic burden from tobacco constitutes more than 1% of India's GDP, and the direct health expenditures on treating tobacco-related diseases alone accounts for 5.3% of the total private and public health expenditures in India in a year. It shows that, for every INR 100 that is received as excise taxes from tobacco products, INR 816 of costs is imposed on society through its consumption. It establishes that tobacco consumption is a major resource drain on the national exchequer, and its effective regulation through comprehensive fiscal and non-fiscal policies is highly warranted.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85100551708","10.3390/ijerph18041658","2021-02-02","Population health and health services: Old challenges and new realities in the COVID-19 era"," The CHRODIS PLUS policy dialog method can help standardize policy-making procedures and improve network governance, offering a proven method to strengthen the impact of health services on population health, which in the post-COVID era is more necessary than ever.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85091684599","10.1007/s10096-020-04038-9","2021-03-01","Children were less frequently infected with SARS-CoV-2 than adults during 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in Warsaw, Poland","0176) for influenza A/B. Children were less prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection than the adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Warsaw. Higher percentage of symptomatic children was infected with RSV or influenza A/B than with SARS-CoV-2. This suggests a necessity for the testing for all these viruses for an early identification and isolation of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients for an ensuing 2020 autumn return of COVID-19.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85102412830","10.1088/1742-6596/1755/1/012035","2021-03-01","An IoT-Based Alarm Air Quality Monitoring System","In the air, there are many dust particles and pollutant gases such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide that created an air pollution. The indoor and outdoor air pollution has brought the illness and harmful effect to human health. This creates a need for an IoT Alarm Air Quality Monitoring System to detect the dust particle, pollutant gases, temperature and humidity in the surrounding. The objective of this research work is to develop an indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring system for different air quality parameters (carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide), temperature, humidity, and dust concentration (air particle). Besides, the Node-RED dashboard and Android app are developed for real-time remotely applications in this system. The system performance is evaluated by testing the sensor used in the research work. In this research work, NodeMCU, MQ7, MQ135, DHT22, and DSM501A are mainly used to develop the hardware. The MQTT is implemented as publish-subscribe network protocol to transfer the data as a message with the specific topic name. In the MQTT, the Node-RED dashboard, Android app and hardware are the MQTT client which are able to publish and subscribe the message. The Node-RED dashboard acts as a live dashboard for monitoring and alarming purpose whilst the Android Studio is used to develop an Android app for the monitoring and alarm system in the smartphone. The Node-RED dashboard and Android app are able to display the data and notification message for different parameters on healthy or unhealthy level. The user can activate and deactivate the alarm system in the Node-RED dashboard or Android app as well.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85102465822","10.32604/cmc.2021.015140","2021-03-01","Prediction Models for COVID-19 Integrating Age Groups, Gender, and Underlying Conditions","The COVID-19 pandemic has caused hundreds of thousands of deaths, millions of infections worldwide, and the loss of trillions of dollars for many large economies. It poses a grave threat to the human population with an excessive number of patients constituting an unprecedented challenge with which health systems have to cope. Researchers from many domains have devised diverse approaches for the timely diagnosis of COVID-19 to facilitate medical responses. In the same vein, a wide variety of research studies have investigated underlying medical conditions for indicators suggesting the severity and mortality of, and role of age groups and gender on, the probability of COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to review, analyze, and critically appraise published works that report on various factors to explain their relationship with COVID-19. Such studies span a wide range, including descriptive analyses, ratio analyses, cohort, prospective and retrospective studies. Various studies that describe indicators to determine the probability of infection among the general population, as well as the risk factors associated with severe illness and mortality, are critically analyzed and these findings are discussed in detail. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on research studies that investigated the perceived differences in vulnerability of different age groups and genders to severe outcomes of COVID-19. Studies incorporating important demographic, health, and socioeconomic characteristics are highlighted to emphasize their importance. Predominantly, the lack of an appropriated dataset that contains demographic, personal health, and socioeconomic information implicates the efficacy and efficiency of the discussed methods. Results are overstated on the part of both exclusion of quarantined and patients with mild symptoms and inclusion of the data from hospitals where the majority of the cases are potentially ill.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85103507887","10.3389/fpsyg.2021.571257","2021-03-18","Italian Community Psychology in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Shared Feelings and Thoughts in the Storytelling of University Students","0 software. From the textual data, representative codes were defined and grouped into 10 categories, which reflect the individuals' prosocial attitudes, behaviors, and values. These categories formed three macro-categories, called: “Collective Dimensions,” which includes Connectedness, Solidarity, Italian-ness, Social Problems, and Collective Mourning; “Prosocial Orientation,” which includes Trust and Hope; and “Collective Values,” which includes Values of Freedom, Respect of Social Rules, and Civic-Mindedness. All these macro-categories are indicative of the shared feelings experienced by Italians during the first time of the pandemic. Further practical implications of these results will be discussed, including a consideration of the risk of developing distress and improving well-being, as well as promoting preventive behaviors.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85103643396","10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103291","2021-04-01","Bridging animal and clinical research during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A new-old challenge"," In pandemics, to optimize the use of strained resources in a short time-frame, optimizing and strengthening the synergy between the preclinical and clinical domains is pivotal.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85103997202","10.1371/journal.pone.0249791","2021-04-01","Clinical utility of targeted SARS-CoV-2 serology testing to aid the diagnosis and management of suspected missed, late or post-COVID-19 infection syndromes: Results from a pilot service implemented during the first pandemic wave","During the first wave of the global COVID-19 pandemic the clinical utility and indications for SARS-CoV-2 serological testing were not clearly defined. The urgency to deploy serological assays required rapid evaluation of their performance characteristics. We undertook an internal validation of a CE marked lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) (SureScreen Diagnostics) using serum from SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive individuals and pre-pandemic samples. This was followed by the delivery of a same-day named patient SARS-CoV-2 serology service using LFIA on vetted referrals at central London teaching hospital with clinical interpretation of result provided to the direct care team. Assay performance, source and nature of referrals, feasibility and clinical utility of the service, particularly benefit in clinical decisionmaking, were recorded. Sensitivity and specificity of LFIA were 96.1% and 99.3% respectively. 113 tests were performed on 108 participants during three-week pilot. 44% participants (n = 48) had detectable antibodies. Three main indications were identified for serological testing; new acute presentations potentially triggered by recent COVID-19 e.g. pulmonary embolism (n = 5), potential missed diagnoses in context of a recent COVID-19 compatible illness (n = 40), and making infection control or immunosuppression management decisions in persistently SARS-CoV-2 RNA PCR positive individuals (n = 6). We demonstrate acceptable performance characteristics, feasibility and clinical utility of using a LFIA that detects anti-spike antibodies to deliver SARS-CoV-2 serology service in adults and children. Greatest benefit was seen where there is reasonable pre-test probability and results can be linked with clinical advice or intervention. Experience from this pilot can help inform practicalities and benefits of rapidly implementing new tests such as LFIAs into clinical service as the pandemic evolves.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85092762836","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142713","2021-04-15","Urban wildlife in times of COVID-19: What can we infer from novel carnivore records in urban areas?","The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic brought an unusual decrease in human activity associated with partial and total lockdowns. Simultaneously, a series of wildlife sightings—mainly in urban areas—have been brought to public attention and often attributed to lockdown measures. Here we report on a series of wild carnivore records, including threatened species, obtained through camera traps set in urban forests, campuses, suburbs, and peri-urban areas of two cities in Chile, during partial lockdown measures. Our records are novel for Chile, a country where urban carnivore ecology is mostly unknown, and include the detection of four native carnivores, including the vulnerable güiña (Leopardus guigna) and the endangered southern river otter (Lontra provocax). These records also constitute a valuable baseline collected during partial lockdown measures in two cities of the Global South. We emphasize, however, that these findings cannot be used to argue for or against an effect of lockdown measures on wildlife. More generally, we call for caution in the interpretation of seemingly novel carnivore records during periods of lockdown and stress the value of international collaboration in evaluating the effects of the Anthropause on wildlife.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85102617934","10.1016/j.jshs.2021.02.005","2021-05-01","The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on physical activity in U.S. children","Background: Daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is vital to the physical, mental, and social well-being of children. Early restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic included the closure of schools and physical activity (PA) amenities across the US. This study aimed to examine the impact of the pandemic on the PA and play behavior of U.S. children and to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve their PA. Methods: A cross-sectional, online, parent-reported survey was conducted of children aged 3–18 years between April and June 2020 to assess light PA and MVPA using a modified Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Additional items included family/child socioeconomic demographics, child adaptability to the pandemic, and community access. The survey was shared through social media and snowball sampling distribution. Results: Analysis of 1310 surveys indicated child PA scores declined significantly during the pandemic (from 56.6 to 44.6, max 119, p < 0.001). Specifically, MVPA score decreased (from 46.7 to 34.7, max 98, p < 0.001) while light PA remained the same. Age-based changes were seen in the quantity, variety, and intensity of PA, with the lowest pandemic-related impact seen in preschoolers and the highest in high schoolers (–4.7 vs. –17.2, p < 0.001). Community-based peer PA decreased across all age groups. Conclusion: This study shows decreased PA levels in U.S. children, according to parent reporting, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations for community leaders, educators, and parents to improve PA in children are provided. With continued spread of COVID-19, these results and recommendations may be imperative to the physical well-being of U.S. children.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85106065992","10.3389/fpubh.2021.604455","2021-05-03","Estimating the Instantaneous Asymptomatic Proportion With a Simple Approach: Exemplified With the Publicly Available COVID-19 Surveillance Data in Hong Kong"," In contrast, the rAPs of imported cases in the latter epidemic period were significantly higher than that in the previous epidemic period. Conclusion: Hong Kong has a high rAP of imported COVID-19 cases and should continue to strengthen the detection and isolation of imported individuals to prevent the resurgence of the disease.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85102196715","10.1111/pedi.13193","2021-06-01","Comprehensive psychosocial screening in a pediatric diabetes clinic","85; 58.5% Hispanic; 20% Black). Adolescents completed screening measures on iPads in the waiting room before their medical visit. The proportion of adolescents screening positive on each psychosocial measure was assessed, and regression analyses evaluated how psychosocial variables accounted for variance in insulin non-adherence and glycemic control (measured by A1c). Results: Psychosocial concerns were common and ranged from 7% of adolescents screening positive for disordered eating and suicide risk to 52% screening positive for low motivation to manage diabetes. A1c and insulin non-adherence were positively correlated with suicide risk, depressive symptoms, anxiety, disordered eating, diabetes stress, blood glucose monitoring stress, family conflict, and total number of elevations, and negatively correlated with intrinsic motivation. Insulin non-adherence, disordered eating, diabetes stress, and family conflict uniquely predicted A1c. Age, motivation, and family conflict uniquely predicted insulin non-adherence. Eighty-three percent of eligible youth completed the screener. Referrals by physicians to the team psychologist increased by 25% after the screening program was implemented. Conclusions: Comprehensive psychosocial screening can be effectively implemented as part of routine pediatric diabetes care and can identify adolescents in need of additional supports.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2-s2.0-85105310127","10.33263/BRIAC121.883892","2022-02-15","Intermolecular interactions of anti-tuberculosis drugs with different solvents: A review","Drugs' action in the human body is called pharmacodynamics. A drug is any chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's psychology. Today's world is suffering from a common disease called tuberculosis (TB). TB is a common bacterial infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. So, to fight against such type of infection, the study of ion-solvent interaction plays a significant role. To understand molecular interactions, solution properties of anti-TB drugs with different solvents at different temperatures, various physicochemical properties such as volumetric properties, thermo-acoustical properties, viscometric and conductometric properties etc., can be studied. In the present review, the emphasis has been given to the volumetric and ultrasonic properties to study anti-TB drugs' inter-molecular interactions in different solvents.",,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,