Antibiogram Profile of Bacteria Isolated from different Clinical Specimens in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka

Abstract— The danger posed by pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics has become a global issue and developing strategies for restoring treatment options against them is inevitable. This research aimed at determining the “Antibiogram profile of bacteria isolated from different clinical specimens in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital Awka” was carried out in the microbiology laboratory of the Hospital between December 2018 and May 2019. A total of 707 clinical samples from 500 patients attending the Hospital were examined by streaking method of microbial culture and susceptibility tests by Agar diffusion method. A total of 491 clinical specimens had positive growth and 860 bacteria were isolated. 280 male patients and 220 female patients were tested with the P-value at .08. The frequency of the isolates from different samples showed that urine had the highest number of isolates 139 (16.16%), followed by wound with 123 (14.30%) and Nasal swab recorded the number of least isolates; 38 (4.41%). The susceptibility pattern of the isolates to various antibiotics used varied as Staphylococcus aureus exhibited highest sensitivity against Ofloxacin and least sensitivity range against Erythromycin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to most of the antibiotics used with greatest sensitivity against Azithromycin while Proteus Spp. had the least sensitivity to most of the antibiotics. However, all the isolates had the greatest resistance against Piperacillin-tozabactam and Clindamycin. The high level of resistance observed in Piperacillin-Tozabactam, Cefixime, Erythromycin, Gentamicin and Clindamycin can be attributed to the irrational use of antibiotics in the study area and a possible high level of drug abuse. There should be continuous monitoring and periodical research on antibiogram profile of these bacteria isolated from different clinical specimens before definitive treatment of bacterial infections to reduce the burden posed by multidrug resistant bacteria.