12. Echiniscus blumi Richters, 1903 sensu lato [T] [m]

Echiniscus blumi Richt. 1905 (Rahm 1931, 1932)

Echiniscus (Echiniscus) blumi Richters, 1903 (Ramazzotti 1962 a) E. (E.) blumi (Mihelčič, 1967, Mihelčič, 1972)

E. (E.) blumi Richters, 1903 (Claps & Rossi 1981, Rossi & Claps 1989) Echiniscus blumi (Jørgensen et al. 2011)

Terra typica: Svalbard (Spitsbergen) (Norway, Arctic Ocean) Argentina:

• 41 ° 12 ′S, 71 ° 50 ′W; 1,000 m asl: Rio Negro Province, Tronador (Ventisqueros) [Ventisquero Negro del Cerro Tronador], mosses on dry stones in full sun, lichens on dry rocks in full sun, lichens on moist rocks below the glacier (3 samples). Mihelčič (1967)

• 41 ° 14 ′S, 71 ° 46 ′W; 800 m asl [850m asl]: Rio Negro Province, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Pampalinda [Pampa Linda] near Cainquenes stream, mosses on dry trees in full sun. Mihelčič (1967)

• 41 ° 59 ′S, 71 ° 31 ′W; 370 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, foot of Piltriquitron Mt., slope above Pampa Azcona, mosses on soil of shrubby area. Iharos (1963)

• 41 ° 59 ′S, 71 ° 31 ′W; 360 m asl: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, foot of Piltriquitron Mt., mosses under saxicolous plants on the extremely arid cliffs of promontory. Iharos (1963)

• 42 °06′S, 71 ° 37 ′W; 200 m asl: Chubut Province, Puelo Lake, dry, lichens on fence posts. Claps & Rossi (1981)

• 42 ° 50 ′S, 71 ° 42 ′W; 500 m asl: Chubut Province, Futalaufquen Lake, dry, mosses and lichens on rocks in the mountains and trees (3 samples). Claps & Rossi (1981)

• 43 ° 10 ′S, 71 ° 36 ′W; 350 m asl: Chubut Province, Rio Futaleufú, dry, mosses on rocks in the forest. Claps & Rossi (1981)

• 48 ° 47 ′S, 69 ° 11 ′W: Undefined locality in Santa Cruz Province, Valle de la Florida, mosses on rocks and lichens on soil (2 samples). Rossi & Claps (1989)

• 50 °06′S, 73 ° 18 ′W; 200 m asl: Santa Cruz Province, Los Glaciares National Park, shores of Argentino Lake, near the Onelli glacier, Nothofagus forests, in the shade, mosses and lichens on trees and rocks. Maucci (1988)

• 50 ° 18 ′S, 72 ° 48 ′W; 200 m asl: Santa Cruz Province, shores of Argentino Lake, La Bandera [Puerto Bandera] near El Calafate, lichens on rocks, in full sunlight. Maucci (1988)

Undefined localities cited according Mihelčič (1967), mosses and lichens on trees, soil and thin layer of leaf litter (6 samples). Mihelčič (1972)

Brazil:

• 23 ° 32 ′S, 46 ° 38 ′W; 750 m asl: São Paulo State, neighbourhood of São Paulo, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

Chile:

• 33 ° 25 ′S, 70 ° 31 ′W; 800 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Santiago de Chile and vicinity, Valle de las Condes, dry soil and mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 33 ° 29 ′S, 70 ° 36 ′W; 550 m asl: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Santiago de Chile and vicinity, Quebrada de Macul, dry soil and mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

30 ° 25 ′S – 37 ° 45 ′S [34 ° 17 ′S, 70 ° 33 ′W]; 1,080 m asl: Region VI Libertador (Región del Libertador General Bernardo O ′Higgins), near Rancagua (Termas de Cauquenes, Hacienda Chacayes), 80 km on south on Santiago de Chile, steppe shrubs, mosses on rocks in sun. Ramazzotti (1962 a)

• 36 ° 48 ′S, 73 °01′W; 0 m asl: Region VIII Biobío (Región del Biobío), neighbourhood of Concepción, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 38 ° 44 ′S, 72 ° 35 ′W; 100 m asl: Region IX Araucania (Región de la Araucanía), neighbourhood of Temuco, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 41 ° 19 ′S, 72 ° 58 ′W; 50 m asl: Region X Los Lagos (Región de Los Lagos), Puerto Varas and Cayutué, mosses. Rahm (1931, 1932)

• 50 ° 59 ′S, 73 °00′W; 1,200 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Torres del Paine National Park, mosses on trees and rocks, nearly all in half sunlight. Maucci (1988)

• 51 °02′S, 72 ° 46 ′W; 100 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), near Lake Sarmiento de Gamboa, mosses on soil, in full sunlight. Maucci (1988)

• 51 ° 34 ′S, 72 ° 36 ′W; 200 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Ultima Esperanza, near Cueva del Milodón, mosses on rocks, in sunlight. Maucci (1988)

• 51 ° 34 ′S, 72 ° 36 ′W; 200 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Milodon Cave [Cueva del Milodón]. Jørgensen et al. (2011)

• 53 °08′S, 70 ° 54 ′W; 0 m asl: Region XII Magallanes (Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena), Punta Arenas, mosses on branches, in the shade. Maucci (1988)

Colombia:

• 07°09′N, 75 ° 23 ′W; 1,400 m asl: Antioquia Department, Cafetal La Camelia, moss (Trichostomum raapaii Broth.). Heinis (1914)

Record numbers: Argentina: 11, Brazil: 1, Chile: 11, Colombia: 1; total: 24.

Remarks: This species is believed to be almost cosmopolitan, however, given that the locus typicus is in the Arctic, tropical (including South American) reports should be re-examined.