Fig. 4
Achorutes jondavi Wray 1946: 79.
Ceratophysella jondavi Salmon 1964: 216 (as jondaui); Christiansen & Bellinger 1980: 148, 1998: 155.
Specimens examined. Lectotype female and 21 paralectotypes on slides (by present designation), numerous paralectotypes in ethanol, USA, North Carolina, Raleigh, Bloomsbury Park, 9 December 1943, mushrooms on rotted log, G. F. Knowlton, coll.
Redescription. Body length up to 0.95 mm [up to 1.6 mm]. [Body with yellow background sprinkled with reddish-rust-colored specks heavier on head and antennae]. Granulation fine to moderate, granule width 2.3–2.8 Μm; Yosii’s ‘a’ number 11–12. Body setae consisting of smooth, setiform macrosetae and mesosetae, longest subcoxal setae serrated (Fig. 4 A). Head with all dorsal setae; setae c 4, d 2, d 4, d 5, p 1, p 2, p 4 and v 2 macrosetae. Lateral seta of pronotum slightly longer than more medial setae. Thoracic and abdominal sensilliform setal lengths equal to or longer than neighboring p-setae. On mesonotum, m-row lacking seta m 2 but with extra seta m 3 ’; setae p 2, p 5 and p 6 macrosetae, seta p 2 forward of p 1 and p 3. Metanotum lacking seta m 2 and extra seta m 3 ’, p 2 and p 5 macrosetae, p 2 slightly forward of p 3; microsensillum not observed. Tergites I–III with setae p 2, p 6 and occasionally p 4 as macrosetae. On Abd. IV p 2 as a macroseta, m 1 slightly thickened; on Abd. V p 1 a macroseta. Seta a 3 missing on abdominal tergites I–III, present on tergites IV and V. M-row setae m 2, m 3 and m 4 usually present on Abd. I–IV, m 2 and m 3 occasionally missing. Seta p 1 much longer than p 2 on tergite V (Figs. 4 A, B); 3 + 3 anterior setae inside the p 5 setae. Subcoxae I–III with 1, 2, 2 setae, respectively, the longer setae serrate. Plurichaetosis absent.
Antennal segment IV with weakly bilobed or entire apical vesicle, without prominent, granulated apical protrusions (Figs. 4 D, E). Subapical organite of Ant. IV very small, peg-like, microsensillum minute, rod-like in pit; two lateral and five dorsal sensilla, the lateral sensilla plumper than the dorsal sensilla; nearly all dorsal setae sensilliform, most ventral setae setiform. Ventral sensory field with 25–30 slender, capitate or brush-tipped sensilla, one sensilliform seta near center of sensory field, three longer, rounded subapical sensilla and straight apical sensilliform seta (Fig. 4 E). Sense organ of Ant. III (Fig. 4 D) with two oval sensilla in shallow groove flanked by longer tapering sensilla; slender peg-like microsensillum present on Ant. III (Fig. 4 E). Eversible sac between Ant. III and IV present. Antennal segment I with 7 setae, Ant. II with 12 setae.
Postantennal organ width up to twice the diameter of nearest ocelli, anterior lobes longer and broader than posterior lobes, accessory tubercle present (Fig. 4 F). Labrum roughly trapezoidal, anterior edge straight medially; basal two-thirds granulate, with four linear tubercles; setal formula 5, 5, 4. Maxilla with lamella 1 finely serrated and ciliated, extending past capitulum head; lamella 4 longer than lamella 2; bifurcated “toothbrush” present (Fig. 4 G). Sublobal hairs of outer maxillary lobe not seen clearly. On labial palpus (Fig. 4 H) lengths of sensilla A–E equal to or shorter than most guard setae; a 1 and b 1 ovate, b 2, d 2 and e 2 spine-like, lateral papilla lp conical; guard setae b 3, b 4, d 3 and, d 4 spatulate, all e guard setae linear; guard setae d 1 and e 7 absent. Labial palpus with six proximal setae.
Tibiotarsi I, II, and III with 19, 19, 18 setae, respectively. Clavate tenent hairs absent. Unguis (Fig. 4 I) slender with one basal pair of small lateral teeth and ventral tooth. Unguiculus with basal lamella and terminal spine not reaching ventral tooth.
Ventral tube with 4 + 4 setae. Tenaculum with 4 + 4 teeth, without setae. Dens less than twice length of mucro, strongly tuberculate dorsally, with seven setae; inner three setae slightly to greatly swollen, usually strongly serrated in basal half; outer setae slender and smooth (Figs. 4 J‒L). Mucro spoon-shaped, tuberculate basally, apex rounded, with strong outer lamella (Figs. 4 J‒L). Anal spines on short basal papillae, upright, short, about half the length of inner edge of hind unguis.
Remarks. Ceratophysella jondavi is a member of the C. denticulata -group. Christiansen & Bellinger (1980, 1998) examined a single type specimen and another specimen attributable to C. jondavi, and counted 16 granules in Yosii’s “a” measure, but noted in their Ceratophysella character chart (Table VII, p. 138) that the number was “ 16 ±”. To reach C. jondavi in their key, seta p 1 on Abd. IV would need to be longer than seta p 2. However, their chart of Ceratophysella characteristics indicates that p 1 is shorter than p 2. Assuming the chart is correct, C. jondavi will trace to a couplet that separates the maheuxi and denticulata groups by Yosii’s “a” measure (maheuxi 16 or more, denticulata 14 or less). If the higher number is used C. jondavi traces to H. (C.) krafti (Fjellberg 1985), which is a Mitchellania -group species. The lower number places C. jondavi in the denticulata -group, where it is very similar to the “ exilis ” form (C. exilis (Yosii 1956) also see Yosii (1962)) and C. palustris (Martynova, 1978) (also see Fjellberg 1985).
The validity of C. jondavi can be questioned and it could be considered a variant of C. denticulata (Bagnall, 1941), but until better resolution can be attained for this species complex it is better to keep well-described taxa separated.