During the process of establishing L. (Uniannulata) subgen. nov., Latrunculia carlinae Boury-Esnault & van Beveren, 1982 was re-examined because the microscleres appeared to be reminiscent of those in L. (U.) oparinae subgen. nov., and the New Zealand fossil species L. (U.) paeonia subgen. et sp. nov., in particular. The species was first described as a species of Latrunculia by Boury-Esnault & Bevern (1982) despite the authors noting that the specimen had many non-latrunculid characters, and that the thistle-shaped ‘anisodiscorhabds’ were quite different from any other Latrunculia microscleres described thus far (Fig. 13 A). In 2006, the species was transferred to Sigmosceptrella in the poecilosclerid family Podospongiidae, by Samaai et al. (2006), but they ceded that it was perhaps still not quite the right place. By 2011, Sim-Smith & Kelly (2011) had described a range of new genera within Podospongiidae, to which the species carlinae seems to have greater affinity. After careful reexamination of the holotype (Fig. 15) we now consider L. carlinae to be better placed in podospongid genus Neopodospongia Sim-Smith & Kelly, 2011, established for thin encrusting species with very similar characteristics. In particular, the aciculospinorhabd microscleres are in two size categories and protorhabd appears to be sigmoid, as in all Podospongiidae (Sim-Smith & Kelly 2011).
Latrunculia carlinae has microscleres with ragged apical spines (Fig. 15 C–G) and are in two distinct morphological and size categories (Fig. 15 C–E); the smaller microsclere is narrower, about 10 µm shorter, with a smaller apex. Although we did not find any specifically sigmoid protorhabds, we observed many protorhabds with the uneven lateral development (Fig. 15 H) associated with the fusion of recurved sigmoid spines, as illustrated in Sim-Smith & Kelly (2011: Fig. 4 E, R). Neopodospongia carlinae from subantarctic waters is the sixth in this widely-spread genus, which has three species in New Zealand, one species in the Chilean fiords, and one species in the North Atlantic (Table 9).