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<div id="viewer" class="pdfViewer"><div class="page" style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;" data-page-number="1" data-loaded="true"><div style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;" class="canvasWrapper"><canvas moz-opaque="" style="width: 993px; height: 1403px;" aria-label="Page 1" width="993" height="1403"></canvas></div><div class="textLayer" style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;"><span style="left: 65.0417px; top: 59.8767px; font-size: 23.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.991742);">International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio</span><span style="left: 551.833px; top: 59.8767px; font-size: 23.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 559.5px; top: 59.8767px; font-size: 23.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.941389);">Medical Science</span><span style="left: 65.0417px; top: 100.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.936124);">ISSN(print): 2767</span><span style="left: 210.083px; top: 100.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 216.417px; top: 100.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89955);">827</span><span style="left: 246.417px; top: 100.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;">X</span><span style="left: 260.75px; top: 100.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930717);">, ISSN(online): 2767</span><span style="left: 428.467px; top: 100.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 434.8px; top: 100.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.951946);">830X</span><span style="left: 65.0417px; top: 136.897px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.954818);">Volume 0</span><span style="left: 144.708px; top: 136.897px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;">1</span><span style="left: 159.708px; top: 136.897px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.870844);">Issue 03 </span><span style="left: 230.417px; top: 136.897px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;">J</span><span style="left: 238.417px; top: 136.897px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;">u</span><span style="left: 248.417px; top: 136.897px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849175);">ne</span><span style="left: 272.417px; top: 136.897px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89955);">2021</span><span style="left: 65.0417px; top: 173.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.885336);">Page No : </span><span style="left: 148.708px; top: 173.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89955);">26</span><span style="left: 169.05px; top: 173.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 175.367px; top: 173.563px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89955);">30</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915033);">26</span><span style="left: 101.375px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.939004);">Volume 01 Issue 0</span><span style="left: 243.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">3</span><span style="left: 257.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">J</span><span style="left: 266.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">u</span><span style="left: 276.75px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">n</span><span style="left: 287.083px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">e</span><span style="left: 299.75px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.895666);">2021 </span><span style="left: 556.5px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00224);">Corresponding Author: </span><span style="left: 746.917px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02624);">ShafigaTOPCHIYEVA</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 233.273px; font-size: 26.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.982684);">Comparative Development Indicators </span><span style="left: 543.833px; top: 233.273px; font-size: 26.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.998352);">of</span><span style="left: 588.5px; top: 233.273px; font-size: 26.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.997381);">Partridge Chicks (Alectoris </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 268.657px; font-size: 26.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00116);">Chukar) During Cell Breeding</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 325.748px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02624);">ShafigaTOPCHIYEVA</span><span style="left: 243.75px; top: 325.022px; font-size: 11.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">1</span><span style="left: 249.417px; top: 325.748px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915033);">, </span><span style="left: 267.75px; top: 325.748px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04186);">Ramiz MADATOV</span><span style="left: 420.133px; top: 325.022px; font-size: 11.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">2</span><span style="left: 426.117px; top: 325.748px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">,</span><span style="left: 435.133px; top: 325.746px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06135);">Lamiyya YİLDİZ</span><span style="left: 573.833px; top: 325.022px; font-size: 11.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">3</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 348.616px; font-size: 11px; font-family: sans-serif;">1</span><span style="left: 65.7083px; top: 349.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.925697);">National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Institute of Zoology</span><span style="left: 508.167px; top: 349.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923457);">, Baku</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 370.616px; font-size: 11px; font-family: sans-serif;">2</span><span style="left: 65.7083px; top: 370.616px; font-size: 11px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898148);">,3</span><span style="left: 73.7083px; top: 371.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916795);">Tokat Gaziosmasha University, Department of basic medi</span><span style="left: 460.8px; top: 371.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.920555);">cal sciences/Physiology, Turkey</span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 437.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02118);">ABSTRACT</span><span style="left: 776.583px; top: 437.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06448);">ARTICLE DETAILS </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 481.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.883236);">The paper presents experimental data on the negative impact of n</span><span style="left: 532.5px; top: 481.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.908556);">egative biotic and abiotic </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 503.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.877094);">factors on the development of </span><span style="left: 277.417px; top: 503.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.86931);">stone </span><span style="left: 319.417px; top: 503.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904426);">partridges (Alectoris chukar) in vivarium conditions, the </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 525.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.933414);">identification of optimal terms and conditions for growing young partridges in cages in vivarium </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 547.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.884999);">conditions and in aviaries.</span><span style="left: 250.75px; top: 547.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.908611);">In the fir</span><span style="left: 314.083px; top: 547.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.863222);">st 30 days after the transfer of partridges to aviaries, the </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 569.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.91622);">average daily gain of both cell and aviary was almost the same. From day 31 to day 41, the gain </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 591.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.909536);">in weight of the partridge mass </span><span style="left: 272.75px; top: 591.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928607);">contained in the vivarium in</span><span style="left: 464.833px; top: 591.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.838086);">cages </span><span style="left: 506.167px; top: 591.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.887406);">was 5.8</span><span style="left: 557.167px; top: 591.948px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">–</span><span style="left: 565.5px; top: 591.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.907428);">12.0 g lower than that </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 613.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">f</span><span style="left: 66.7083px; top: 613.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.90531);">ound in the enclosures.</span><span style="left: 228.083px; top: 613.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.929661);">All partridges from 31 to 41 days had the same rate of weight gain, but </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 635.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.918815);">from 31 to 41 days, the gain in partridges in the vivarium increased compared to the weight gain </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 658.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.935716);">in aviary. Thus, the influence of negative conditions on the de</span><span style="left: 484.5px; top: 658.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.932013);">velopment of young partridges of </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 680.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.857631);">domestic fauna was revealed.</span><span style="left: 269.083px; top: 680.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.865422);">It was experimentally established that the life span of partridges </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 702.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903716);">for the 13 and 25</span><span style="left: 175.717px; top: 702.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 181.367px; top: 702.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904259);">day growing periods reached 96% and 97%, respectively. At the same time, the </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 724.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923388);">life span of partridges where, a</span><span style="left: 294.083px; top: 724.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.942217);">long with heating, was also irradiation of the room with </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 746.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.926789);">ultraviolet and infrared radiation for a 13</span><span style="left: 335.133px; top: 746.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 340.8px; top: 746.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.912718);">day period of cultivation, reached 100% of the value.</span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 790.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02929);">KEYWORDS:</span><span style="left: 175.717px; top: 790.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898764);">Partridge, </span><span style="left: 250.083px; top: 790.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.945525);">Alectoris </span><span style="left: 320.083px; top: 790.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.940322);">Chukar, Breeding, Weight Gain, Ult</span><span style="left: 581.833px; top: 790.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.934806);">raviolet Radiation, </span><span style="left: 61.6667px; top: 812.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.925139);">Infrared Radiation</span><span style="left: 733.583px; top: 482.267px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.973167);">Published On: </span><span style="left: 729.25px; top: 504.283px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">26</span><span style="left: 750.25px; top: 504.283px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">J</span><span style="left: 758.583px; top: 504.283px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">u</span><span style="left: 767.917px; top: 504.283px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898561);">ne </span><span style="left: 788.917px; top: 504.283px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">2021</span><span style="left: 729.25px; top: 746.65px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.993484);">Available on: </span><span style="left: 729.25px; top: 768.65px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.994242);">https://ijpbms.com/</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 879.033px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04083);">INTRODUCTION</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 900.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.885794);">In a number of foreign countries, the artificial breeding of </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 922.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904094);">local stone partridge (lat. Alectoris chukar) has been put on </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 944.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.860117);">an industrial basis, due to which it was possible to sharply </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 966.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872056);">increase the density of birds in the land. So, in </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 988.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.881793);">Czech</span><span style="left: 101.375px; top: 988.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.911651);">oslovakia annually more than 300 thousand partridges </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1011.03px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.906494);">are released into the land (Kuznetsov, 1972; Sapetina, 1970) </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1033.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.858171);">and </span><span style="left: 90.375px; top: 1033.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.889105);">it is </span><span style="left: 123.042px; top: 1033.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.857513);">up to 180 birds </span><span style="left: 235.75px; top: 1033.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.844169);">per 100 hectares</span><span style="left: 349.117px; top: 1033.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.826525);">. Great successes </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1055.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.910536);">were also achieved in France, Bulgaria, Hungary, </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.886435);">Yugoslavia, where not only the do</span><span style="left: 302.417px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.861272);">mestic needs of hunters </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1099.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.856835);">were satisfied, but many chicks and eggs were exported to </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1121.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.919263);">other countries [1,2].</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 1143.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.90856);">In addition, the method of </span><span style="left: 303.083px; top: 1143.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.879537);">cage keeping</span><span style="left: 402.45px; top: 1143.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.947162);">is widely </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1165.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.937318);">used in the cultivation of different types of </span><span style="left: 357.8px; top: 1165.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.968832);">fowls</span><span style="left: 394.467px; top: 1165.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.906108);">. The need </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1187.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.843472);">for its use was caused, first of all, b</span><span style="left: 310.417px; top: 1187.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.856609);">y the desire to provide </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1209.45px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893105);">the best zoohygienic conditions for birds, since birds, </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1231.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.860157);">especially young animals, are prone to diseases when they </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1253.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.911309);">are kept in open</span><span style="left: 168.7px; top: 1253.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 174.367px; top: 1253.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.918782);">air cages and constantly in contact with the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1275.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903956);">soil, the main</span><span style="left: 190.033px; top: 1275.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.832742);">diseases</span><span style="left: 261.083px; top: 1275.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898044);">of which are syngamosis, </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1297.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.913453);">histomo</span><span style="left: 113.708px; top: 1297.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.92094);">niasis, coccidiosis [3, 4].</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 878.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.873653);">Keeping chickens in small </span><span style="left: 758.25px; top: 878.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.835083);">cages</span><span style="left: 800.583px; top: 878.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.868959);">during the year can </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 900.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.889599);">lead to atrophy of the heart, liver, and muscular stomach </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 922.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.97482);">[5,6].</span><span style="left: 582.833px; top: 944.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.933043);">The normal development of partridge chicks grown </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 966.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.889173);">under artificial conditions is largely dependent on feeding.</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 988.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.890049);">In order to timely provide the bird with a </span><span style="left: 825.917px; top: 988.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.94925);">full ration</span><span style="left: 894.3px; top: 988.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.880623);">, it is </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1011.03px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.878958);">necessary to find out the dynamics of its growth and </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1033.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872118);">development. One of the methods for studying bird growth </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1055.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.908829);">is the analysis of its weight and linear changes [7].</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">G</span><span style="left: 585.167px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.980757);">row</span><span style="left: 611.533px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.929535);">ing</span><span style="left: 641.217px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.926208);">a healthy bird</span><span style="left: 751.917px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.895156);">is pos</span><span style="left: 794.917px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.937023);">sible by</span><span style="left: 860.967px; top: 1077.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927162);">organizing</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1099.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930637);">proper nutrition and optimal living conditions from the first </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1121.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.946951);">day [8].</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 1143.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.8928);">It was found that embryos developing under a </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1165.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.8843);">thermocontrast mode of incubation had a more developed </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1187.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.875578);">vascular system than embryos growing under thermostable </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1209.45px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.943528);">condition</span><span style="left: 588.5px; top: 1209.45px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.929332);">s. The data obtained indicate the possibility of </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1231.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.897307);">prolonging the viability of the quail embryo by short</span><span style="left: 896.633px; top: 1231.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 901.95px; top: 1231.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916594);">term </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1253.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904168);">periodic exposure to elevated temperatures, which is not </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1275.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.919183);">only theoretical, but also of some practical importance when </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1297.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.920656);">applying the industrial method</span><span style="left: 734.583px; top: 1297.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.963834);">for artificial incubation [9]</span><div class="endOfContent"></div></div><div class="annotationLayer"><section data-annotation-id="23R" style="transform: matrix(1.66667, 0, 0, 1.66667, 0, 0); transform-origin: -435.15px -460.84px 0px; left: 435.15px; top: 460.84px; width: 87.56px; height: 13.22px;" class="linkAnnotation"><a title="https://ijpbms.com/" href="https://ijpbms.com/" target="_top" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow"></a></section></div></div><div class="page" style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;" data-page-number="2" data-loaded="true"><div style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;" class="canvasWrapper"><canvas moz-opaque="" style="width: 993px; height: 1403px;" aria-label="Page 2" width="993" height="1403"></canvas></div><div class="textLayer" style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;"><span style="left: 60px; top: 62.5833px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.942644);">Comparative Development Indicators </span><span style="left: 349.467px; top: 62.5833px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04118);">of</span><span style="left: 369.133px; top: 62.5833px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916813);">Partridge Chicks (Alectoris Chukar) During Cell Breeding</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915033);">27</span><span style="left: 101.375px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.939004);">Volume 01 Issue 0</span><span style="left: 243.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">3</span><span style="left: 257.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">J</span><span style="left: 266.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">u</span><span style="left: 276.75px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">n</span><span style="left: 287.083px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">e</span><span style="left: 299.75px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.895666);">2021 </span><span style="left: 556.5px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00224);">Corresponding Author: </span><span style="left: 746.917px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02624);">ShafigaTOPCHIYEVA</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 94.8667px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893078);">One of the important issues in modern poultry </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 117.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.931498);">farming is increasing the viability of birds at different stages </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 139.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.934485);">of its development. The specificity of poultry ontogenesis is </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 161.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927885);">that the development of the embryo occurs outside th</span><span style="left: 459.133px; top: 161.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.870504);">e </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 183.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.912203);">maternal organism in the environment, which affects the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 205.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.913569);">embryos by unfavorable abiotic and biotic factors </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 227.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.91871);">(temperature, humidity, toxicants, etc.) </span><span style="left: 324.083px; top: 227.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.980987);">[10].</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 249.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.840862);">Researches</span><span style="left: 196.417px; top: 249.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.910892);">have been conducted to study the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 271.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.875495);">histogenesis</span><span style="left: 146.708px; top: 271.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.842328);">of the esophagus of the Chukar </span><span style="left: 373.467px; top: 271.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.881469);">partridge. F</span><span style="left: 452.467px; top: 271.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.949443);">or </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 293.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.882593);">this, eggs with embryos were placed in an incubator, and </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 315.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.922979);">embryos were collected between 5 and 24 days of the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 337.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.883602);">incubation period. Samples were fixed in Bowin's solution, </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 359.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904344);">and routine histotechnical processes were performed. During </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 381.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">5</span><span style="left: 68.375px; top: 381.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 74.0417px; top: 381.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.917066);">24 days of incubation, </span><span style="left: 244.417px; top: 381.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.871012);">events</span><span style="left: 287.083px; top: 381.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">,</span><span style="left: 300.083px; top: 381.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.881391);">such as changes in the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 403.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.880722);">epithelium of the esophagus, the formation of the mucous </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 425.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.900497);">membrane of muscles and muscle, the development of </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 447.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.866681);">mucous g</span><span style="left: 127.042px; top: 447.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.856676);">lands and the type of secretion </span><span style="left: 348.133px; top: 447.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.871567);">were observed in </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 469.6px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.854041);">the development of the esophagus, Finally, the results were </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 491.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.913529);">compared with the results of other studied bird species, </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.913149);">similarities and differences were discussed [11].</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.924173);">Chukor or Chukar par</span><span style="left: 255.417px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.939369);">tridge (Alectoris chukar) </span><span style="left: 425.783px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 436.467px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.03431);">fowl</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 557.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899451);">of the family Phasianidae.</span><span style="left: 269.083px; top: 557.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.884672);">The results show that the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.886389);">breeding season of the species begins in Fe</span><span style="left: 378.467px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.906935);">bruary: peak </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915128);">breeding months are March and April, during </span><span style="left: 425.783px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.95554);">which </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903293);">frequent calls</span><span style="left: 162.042px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.895198);">were heard. The frequency of calls ranged </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 645.983px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.879132);">from 0.15 to 0.3 per minute. Hatching success was up to </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.92927);">85% (from 75 to 85%) in different nests. It is concluded that </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.935097);">the br</span><span style="left: 104.375px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.876325);">eeding seaso</span><span style="left: 195.75px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.957633);">n of the Chukar</span><span style="left: 328.8px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.886023);">partridge begins in </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 712.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.876391);">February and lasts until July with successful nesting, egg</span><span style="left: 460.8px; top: 712.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 734.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.924113);">laying and hatching [12,13]</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 756.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.902103);">In Chuka</span><span style="left: 171.7px; top: 756.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.890965);">r partridge, the population trend is stable, </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 778.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896682);">and the abundance is also extremely high (Bird Life </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 800.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872551);">International, 2016). The au</span><span style="left: 251.083px; top: 800.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.861956);">thors calculated that its number </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 822.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893);">in the world totals s. 2 000 000. Nevertheless, there are </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 844.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.846956);">reports of a decrease in its settlement in some parts of the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 866.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896715);">world, for example, in Europe, and it is estimated that a </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 888.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.889393);">small settlement is decreasing at a rate appro</span><span style="left: 368.133px; top: 888.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.901711);">aching 30% in </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 910.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.911416);">11.7 ye</span><span style="left: 108.708px; top: 910.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.895621);">ars (three generations) [14, 15</span><span style="left: 309.75px; top: 910.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">]</span><span style="left: 315.083px; top: 910.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">.</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 932.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.877012);">Thus, special studies are needed to develop </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 954.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930604);">technology for the artificial breeding of the local subspecies </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 976.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.902235);">of partridge. The normal development of partridge chicks </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 998.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.945218);">(lat. Alectoris chukar), cultivated u</span><span style="left: 296.75px; top: 998.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.948292);">nder artificial conditions, </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1020.73px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.878922);">largely depends on feeding. In order to timely provide the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1043.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.976628);">bird with a </span><span style="left: 154.042px; top: 1043.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.995386);">full ration</span><span style="left: 225.75px; top: 1043.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.950754);">, it is necessary to find out the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1065.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.886014);">dynamics of its growth and development. One of the </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1087.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.938629);">methods for studying bird growth is the analysis of its </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1109.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.933384);">weigh</span><span style="left: 100.375px; top: 1109.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.885705);">t and linear changes.</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 1131.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.837511);">Based on the foregoing, the aim of our research was </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1153.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.932697);">to identify the negative impact of negative biotic and abiotic </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1175.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.907831);">factors on the development of partridges in vivarium </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1197.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.880642);">conditions, to identify the optimal terms and conditions for </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1219.45px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.987024);">growi</span><span style="left: 99.0417px; top: 1219.45px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.891172);">ng young endemic subspecies of domestic partridge </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1241.44px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916897);">fauna in cages in vivarium conditions.</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 95.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04306);">MATERIALS AND METHODS</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 139.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896901);">All partridges were hatched in an incubator and then placed </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 161.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.849117);">in cages in a vivarium. We studied the rates of growth and </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 183.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.879508);">development of partridges</span><span style="left: 709.2px; top: 183.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.843594);">on 24 chicks of one </span><span style="left: 851.917px; top: 183.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.879779);">brood when </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 205.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.919732);">growing them in cages</span><span style="left: 679.2px; top: 205.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.934876);">. The first 10 days of the chicks were </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 227.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.940339);">weighed daily, from the 11th to the 25th </span><span style="left: 808.25px; top: 227.181px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">–</span><span style="left: 821.917px; top: 227.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.891632);">every other day</span><span style="left: 927.95px; top: 227.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00719);">, </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 249.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927587);">from the 26th to the 60th day </span><span style="left: 728.917px; top: 249.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 739.583px; top: 249.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.892864);">once a week and then </span><span style="left: 890.283px; top: 249.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 900.967px; top: 249.183px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.878168);">once </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 271.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896171);">a month.</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 293.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.918644);">When conducting comparative experim</span><span style="left: 850.583px; top: 293.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893117);">ents on the </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 315.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.877614);">cage keeping </span><span style="left: 633.217px; top: 315.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.901467);">of partridges, young animals were labeled </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 337.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.89814);">with dye. We conducted experiments in the summer. We </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 359.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.919309);">observed equal feed regimes and conditions of </span><span style="left: 879.3px; top: 359.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.907482);">keeping</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 381.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.944487);">(control).</span><span style="left: 577.5px; top: 403.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.870497);">The experimental groups of partridges were divided </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 425.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.959947);">into two groups: t</span><span style="left: 648.217px; top: 425.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.931373);">he first group of partridges was kept only </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 447.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.875556);">in vivarium conditions, and the second group of partridges </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 469.6px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.897946);">was placed in aviaries after a 3</span><span style="left: 731.583px; top: 469.6px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 737.25px; top: 469.6px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898897);">week development.</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 491.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.911677);">Immediately after hatching, young partridges, 5 </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.839312);">animals in a group, were placed in cages (groups 1 and </span><span style="left: 914.3px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.932872);">2). </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916292);">Cage floors</span><span style="left: 608.883px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928025);">were covered with burlap, strewn with sawdust, </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 557.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.90617);">we </span><span style="left: 554.167px; top: 557.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.910568);">put water and gave food. The cells were heated by </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.891868);">electric 100</span><span style="left: 610.217px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 615.883px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893955);">watt lamps. After 13</span><span style="left: 772.583px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 778.25px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.859775);">25 days, </span><span style="left: 850.917px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903656);">part</span><span style="left: 887.633px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.883094);">of the </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896536);">partridges</span><span style="left: 596.883px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899621);">in a number</span><span style="left: 680.55px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.908677);">of 5 were placed in aviaries (groups 3 </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.862888);">and 4), and </span><span style="left: 613.867px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.913543);">part </span><span style="left: 654.867px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.92491);">of th</span><span style="left: 688.867px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.886923);">e partridges were left in the</span><span style="left: 895.283px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.835083);">cages</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 645.983px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.917446);">under vivarium conditions. Feeders and drinking bowls were </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905166);">placed inside the </span><span style="left: 644.217px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.827961);">cages</span><span style="left: 685.867px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904828);">and inside the </span><span style="left: 784.917px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.944132);">aviary</span><span style="left: 826.25px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.937819);">. Heating of the </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.827961);">cages</span><span style="left: 567.833px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.961404);">turned out to be insufficient, many chicks fell ill</span><span style="left: 902.633px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.996109);">with </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 712.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.906471);">pneumonia, therefore, </span><span style="left: 684.2px; top: 712.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.90617);">we </span><span style="left: 708.883px; top: 712.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.900931);">simultaneo</span><span style="left: 781.917px; top: 712.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.892919);">usly used infrared and </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 734.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.936475);">ultraviolet installations.</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 756.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.898748);">Partridges were fed </span><span style="left: 707.533px; top: 756.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.986381);">with </span><span style="left: 741.917px; top: 756.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.936873);">a different diet, </span><span style="left: 849.583px; top: 756.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.97714);">with </span><span style="left: 883.617px; top: 756.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896009);">heating </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 778.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.946718);">the vivarium </span><span style="left: 616.883px; top: 778.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.827961);">cages</span><span style="left: 659.217px; top: 778.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.917826);">and at the same time exposing the room </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 800.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.936516);">to ultraviolet radiation.</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 845.017px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.997546);">RESEARCH RESULTS AND </span><span style="left: 742.917px; top: 845.017px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.979753);">DISCUSSION</span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 866.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.888336);">The development of young animals</span><span style="left: 780.25px; top: 866.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.947484);">grown</span><span style="left: 829.917px; top: 866.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916404);">under different </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 888.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896893);">conditions was studied by measuring individual parts of the </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 910.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.935015);">body, monitoring the total weight of birds, health status and </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 932.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.01411);">vitality. </span><span style="left: 581.167px; top: 932.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896831);">The data obtained are given in table1.</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 954.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.878782);">The first group of partridges, where heating without </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 976.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928018);">UV treatm</span><span style="left: 599.217px; top: 976.683px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.868613);">ent was performed, turned out to be less viable </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 998.7px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.924923);">than the second group of partridges, where, along with </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1020.73px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.875547);">maintaining the temperature regime, the premises were </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 1043.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923927);">treated with ultraviolet and infrared radiation.</span><div class="endOfContent"></div></div></div><div class="page" style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;" data-page-number="3" data-loaded="true"><div style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;" class="canvasWrapper"><canvas moz-opaque="" style="width: 993px; height: 1403px;" aria-label="Page 3" width="993" height="1403"></canvas></div><div class="textLayer" style="width: 992px; height: 1402px;"><span style="left: 60px; top: 62.5833px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.942644);">Comparative Development Indicators </span><span style="left: 349.467px; top: 62.5833px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.04118);">of</span><span style="left: 369.133px; top: 62.5833px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.916813);">Partridge Chicks (Alectoris Chukar) During Cell Breeding</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915033);">28</span><span style="left: 101.375px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.939004);">Volume 01 Issue 0</span><span style="left: 243.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">3</span><span style="left: 257.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">J</span><span style="left: 266.417px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">u</span><span style="left: 276.75px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">n</span><span style="left: 287.083px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif;">e</span><span style="left: 299.75px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.895666);">2021 </span><span style="left: 556.5px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00224);">Corresponding Author: </span><span style="left: 746.917px; top: 1320.62px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.02624);">ShafigaTOPCHIYEVA</span><span style="left: 60px; top: 95.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.985732);">Table 1</span><span style="left: 113.042px; top: 95.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.935252);">. </span><span style="left: 121.708px; top: 95.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.945451);">The dynamics of the mass of chicks</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.878224);">For heating electric 200</span><span style="left: 272.75px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 278.417px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904184);">watt light bulbs</span><span style="left: 392.8px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903067);">were </span><span style="left: 431.8px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.848247);">used</span><span style="left: 462.5px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.935252);">. </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.894922);">The source of ultraviolet radiation was ultraviolet and </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 557.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.879886);">infrared sources (lamps).</span><span style="left: 237.083px; top: 557.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.88473);">The life expectancy of partridges </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.912567);">of the first and second groups for the 13</span><span style="left: 363.133px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 368.783px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893651);">day </span><span style="left: 401.467px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.936811);">period of </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.91159);">cultivation reached 96% and 97%, respectively.</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.880705);">The safety of partridges of the 3rd and 4th groups </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 645.983px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.922858);">(where, along with heating was also irradiation of the room </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.892095);">with ultraviolet and infrared radiation) for a 13</span><span style="left: 387.8px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">-</span><span style="left: 393.783px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.885167);">day period </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.918512);">of cultivation reached 100%</span><span style="left: 252.75px; top: 690.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.907489);">of the value.</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 513.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.91817);">Partridges, placed after 3 weeks in a vivarium in </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896372);">aviaries</span><span style="left: 584.5px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.902366);">where </span><span style="left: 632.867px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.83995);">houses</span><span style="left: 685.217px; top: 535.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.90119);">were installed, covered with burlap </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 557.933px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.877374);">and sprinkled with sawdust, and sources of ultraviolet and </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923087);">infrared lighting were installed in front of the houses</span><span style="left: 881.95px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.977417);">(fig.1.)</span><span style="left: 928.3px; top: 579.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">.</span><span style="left: 573.167px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.889492);">It is n</span><span style="left: 624.867px; top: 601.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.873195);">ecessary to pay attention to the food of </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 623.95px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.921008);">partridges. In the food of partridges, proteins containing </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 645.983px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.900497);">amino acids were contained. For feeding, dairy products, </span><span style="left: 525.833px; top: 668.317px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.926208);">crushed fish products, previously boiled, were used.</span><span style="left: 107.375px; top: 1180.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.844399);">It should be n</span><span style="left: 203.417px; top: 1180.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.855821);">oted that all partridges in the selected conditions in the </span><span style="left: 589.5px; top: 1180.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.901887);">aviaries</span><span style="left: 647.2px; top: 1180.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.884015);">were fed with </span><span style="left: 748.25px; top: 1180.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.884574);">an identical </span><span style="left: 832.917px; top: 1180.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.896606);">ration of food</span><span style="left: 928.617px; top: 1180.07px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.863309);">. </span><span style="left: 60px; top: 1202.12px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.951898);">Partridge viability in</span><span style="left: 202.083px; top: 1202.12px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.901597);">aviaries</span><span style="left: 258.083px; top: 1202.12px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.884032);">reached 100%.</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 138.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.964019);">Age i</span><span style="left: 204.417px; top: 138.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.871351);">n days</span><span style="left: 271.417px; top: 138.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915711);">Average weight in grams</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 138.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.908325);">Age in days</span><span style="left: 658.55px; top: 138.2px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915711);">Average weight in grams</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 173.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.982427);">After </span><span style="left: 120.708px; top: 195.85px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.904497);">hatching</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 173.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905755);">9.5</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 173.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">22</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 173.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">67.5</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 218.517px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">3</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 218.517px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">10.5</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 218.517px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">25</span><span style="left: 743.917px; top: 218.517px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893628);">89.5</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 250.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">4</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 250.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">12.3</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 250.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">28</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 250.533px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930395);">110.0</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 278.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">5</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 278.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">15.1</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 278.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">31</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 278.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">1</span><span style="left: 714.2px; top: 278.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">1</span><span style="left: 722.533px; top: 278.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">7</span><span style="left: 730.917px; top: 278.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923261);">.8</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 306.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">6</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 306.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">17.5</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 306.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">35</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 306.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">1</span><span style="left: 714.2px; top: 306.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">3</span><span style="left: 722.533px; top: 306.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905755);">2.5</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 329.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">7</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 329.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">19.</span><span style="left: 339.8px; top: 329.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">2</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 329.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">40</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 329.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">1</span><span style="left: 714.2px; top: 329.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">6</span><span style="left: 722.533px; top: 329.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905755);">9.1</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 352.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">8</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 352.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">22.3</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 352.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">45</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 352.567px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.902878);">200.5</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 375.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">9</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 375.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">25.6</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 375.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">50</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 375.233px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.902878);">230.4</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 401.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">10</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 401.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">32.0</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 401.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">55</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 401.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">2</span><span style="left: 714.2px; top: 401.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">4</span><span style="left: 722.533px; top: 401.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905755);">5.8</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 424.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">13</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 424.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">40.5</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 424.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">60</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 424.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">269.</span><span style="left: 735.25px; top: 424.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif;">5</span><span style="left: 168.033px; top: 447.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">16</span><span style="left: 318.75px; top: 447.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.903905);">45.5</span><span style="left: 514.5px; top: 447.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.899281);">90</span><span style="left: 705.883px; top: 447.9px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; 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