This Excel file contains 4 spreadsheets with the same data structure. Each spreadsheet contains 14 columns. The meanings and associated values are explained below. Id: de-identified subject ID. Trial: trial number, 1 to 252 (E1), 1 to 256 (E2a), 1 to 240 (E2b), 1 to 256 (E3) Task: 1 refers to the spatial recall task, 2 refers to the identity task, 3 refers to the spatial template recognition task Encoding_up_pic: a randomly chosen picture id (range: 1-8) Encoding_down_pic: a randomly chosen picture id (a different number from the previous column, range: 1-8) Encoding_loc: corresponds to the different display locations in the manuscript. Ranges: 1 to 3 (E1), 1 to 4 (E2a, E2b), 1 to 6 (E3). Testing_pic: 1 means that the ÔEncoding_up_picÕ was tested; 2 means that the ÔEncoding_down_picÕ was tested. Testing_loc: only relevant to the identity task and the spatial template recognition task. 1 means that the correct picture was on the left side of the screen; 2 means that the correct picture was on the right side of the screen. Testing_foil: only relevant to the identity task. The number of the foil picture, chosen from the remaining 6 possibilities. Correct_key: key code for the correct answer. 81 = ÔdownarrowÕ; 82 = ÔuparrowÕ ; 29 = ÕzÕ(left) ; 27 = ÔxÕ(right) Acc: accuracy at the memory task for the current trial. 1: correct. 0: incorrect. RT: reaction time (millisecond) for the current trial Verbal_acc: accuracy at the verbal load task for the current trial. 1: correct. 0: incorrect. Experiment: id of the experiment (E1, E2a, E2b, E3), corresponding to the experiment names used in the manuscript.