Figure 1

Tables for Figure 1

Number of active ties
year Edges
1950 12
1951 17
1952 28
1953 36
1954 29
1955 28
1956 30
1957 31
1958 34
1959 30
1960 29
1961 28
1962 29
1963 28
1964 29
1965 28
1966 28
1967 30
1968 28
1969 36
1970 40
1971 38
1972 38
1973 37
1974 36
1975 39
1976 38
1977 35
1978 36
1979 32
1980 33
1981 33
1982 35
1983 34
1984 34
1985 36
1986 36
1987 37
1988 48
1989 38
1990 38
1991 34
1992 39
1993 40
1994 27
1995 23
1996 24
1997 24
1998 31
1999 21
2000 15
2001 19
2002 21
2003 23
2004 23
2005 22
2006 18
2007 15
2008 19
2009 16
2010 14
2011 17
2012 19
2013 19
2014 17
2015 19
Number of active nodes
year Nodes
1950 16
1951 20
1952 23
1953 26
1954 27
1955 27
1956 27
1957 27
1958 27
1959 27
1960 27
1961 27
1962 27
1963 27
1964 27
1965 27
1966 27
1967 26
1968 26
1969 27
1970 27
1971 30
1972 29
1973 29
1974 28
1975 28
1976 28
1977 28
1978 28
1979 28
1980 28
1981 28
1982 29
1983 29
1984 29
1985 30
1986 30
1987 30
1988 30
1989 29
1990 29
1991 28
1992 28
1993 28
1994 28
1995 27
1996 28
1997 28
1998 27
1999 26
2000 22
2001 22
2002 22
2003 21
2004 21
2005 20
2006 21
2007 20
2008 20
2009 20
2010 20
2011 19
2012 19
2013 19
2014 19
2015 19
Average degree and average reach
Edges Reach Reach with past
1950 1.500000 4.500000 5.000000
1951 1.700000 5.100000 5.900000
1952 2.434783 6.956522 7.739130
1953 2.769231 8.000000 9.461538
1954 2.148148 6.222222 7.629630
1955 2.074074 6.148148 7.555556
1956 2.222222 6.592593 7.925926
1957 2.296296 6.962963 8.666667
1958 2.518518 8.000000 9.555556
1959 2.222222 6.370370 8.222222
1960 2.148148 6.000000 7.555556
1961 2.074074 5.777778 7.333333
1962 2.148148 6.074074 7.259259
1963 2.074074 5.777778 7.037037
1964 2.148148 5.407407 6.592593
1965 2.074074 4.888889 6.592593
1966 2.074074 5.925926 7.703704
1967 2.307692 6.615385 8.461538
1968 2.153846 5.846154 7.538462
1969 2.666667 7.481482 8.888889
1970 2.962963 8.148148 9.555556
1971 2.533333 6.533333 8.200000
1972 2.620690 6.758621 8.137931
1973 2.551724 5.517241 7.241379
1974 2.571429 6.000000 8.285714
1975 2.785714 6.500000 8.714286
1976 2.714286 6.428571 8.285714
1977 2.500000 5.642857 7.500000
1978 2.571429 6.214286 8.571429
1979 2.285714 5.500000 8.071429
1980 2.357143 5.785714 8.428571
1981 2.357143 6.071429 8.857143
1982 2.413793 6.551724 9.241379
1983 2.344828 6.689655 8.896552
1984 2.344828 6.758621 8.896552
1985 2.400000 7.000000 9.266667
1986 2.400000 6.333333 8.066667
1987 2.466667 7.066667 8.466667
1988 3.200000 10.066667 11.466667
1989 2.620690 8.344828 9.724138
1990 2.620690 8.482759 9.241379
1991 2.428571 7.214286 7.928571
1992 2.785714 8.500000 9.428571
1993 2.857143 9.000000 9.857143
1994 1.928571 5.357143 6.357143
1995 1.703704 4.740741 5.703704
1996 1.714286 4.928571 5.857143
1997 1.714286 4.785714 5.571429
1998 2.296296 6.962963 8.074074
1999 1.615385 3.538461 4.538462
2000 1.363636 2.818182 3.545454
2001 1.727273 4.090909 5.090909
2002 1.909091 4.727273 5.545454
2003 2.190476 6.000000 6.857143
2004 2.190476 6.095238 7.523809
2005 2.200000 6.000000 7.200000
2006 1.714286 4.190476 5.904762
2007 1.500000 3.900000 5.500000
2008 1.900000 5.300000 7.300000
2009 1.600000 4.400000 6.000000
2010 1.400000 3.400000 4.800000
2011 1.789474 4.736842 6.315790
2012 2.000000 4.842105 6.315790
2013 2.000000 5.263158 6.631579
2014 1.789474 4.947368 6.105263
2015 2.000000 5.578947 7.473684
Share of companies in the largest component
Component Component past year
1950 0.6250000 0.6250000 1950
1951 0.6000000 0.6000000 1951
1952 0.7391304 0.8695652 1952
1953 0.8076923 0.8461538 1953
1954 0.7407407 0.8518519 1954
1955 0.7407407 0.8888889 1955
1956 0.7037037 0.8888889 1956
1957 0.7037037 0.8518519 1957
1958 0.7407407 0.8888889 1958
1959 0.7037037 0.8888889 1959
1960 0.6296296 0.7407407 1960
1961 0.6296296 0.7407407 1961
1962 0.6666667 0.6666667 1962
1963 0.6666667 0.6666667 1963
1964 0.6296296 0.6666667 1964
1965 0.6666667 0.7037037 1965
1966 0.7407407 0.7777778 1966
1967 0.7692308 0.8076923 1967
1968 0.7692308 0.7692308 1968
1969 0.7777778 0.7777778 1969
1970 0.7037037 0.7407407 1970
1971 0.6333333 0.7333333 1971
1972 0.6551724 0.7586207 1972
1973 0.6896552 0.7931034 1973
1974 0.6428571 0.8571429 1974
1975 0.7142857 0.8571429 1975
1976 0.7142857 0.8571429 1976
1977 0.6428571 0.8214286 1977
1978 0.6785714 0.8928571 1978
1979 0.8214286 0.8571429 1979
1980 0.8214286 0.8571429 1980
1981 0.7500000 0.8571429 1981
1982 0.7241379 0.8275862 1982
1983 0.7586207 0.7931034 1983
1984 0.7586207 0.7931034 1984
1985 0.7333333 0.8333333 1985
1986 0.7333333 0.8333333 1986
1987 0.7333333 0.7333333 1987
1988 0.7333333 0.7666667 1988
1989 0.7586207 0.7586207 1989
1990 0.7586207 0.7586207 1990
1991 0.7500000 0.7500000 1991
1992 0.7857143 0.7857143 1992
1993 0.7857143 0.7857143 1993
1994 0.6071429 0.7857143 1994
1995 0.5925926 0.7407407 1995
1996 0.6071429 0.7142857 1996
1997 0.6785714 0.7142857 1997
1998 0.7407407 0.7777778 1998
1999 0.4615385 0.6538462 1999
2000 0.5909091 0.6818182 2000
2001 0.6818182 0.7272727 2001
2002 0.6818182 0.7272727 2002
2003 0.7619048 0.7619048 2003
2004 0.7619048 0.8095238 2004
2005 0.7500000 0.7500000 2005
2006 0.7142857 0.8095238 2006
2007 0.6000000 0.7000000 2007
2008 0.7500000 0.8500000 2008
2009 0.8000000 0.8500000 2009
2010 0.7000000 0.8500000 2010
2011 0.8421053 0.8947368 2011
2012 0.7368421 0.7894737 2012
2013 0.7368421 0.7894737 2013
2014 0.7894737 0.8421053 2014
2015 0.7894737 0.8421053 2015

Figure 2

Tables and measures for Figure 2

## [1] 7.5
## [1] 10.79545
## 
##     FALSE      TRUE 
## 0.5852273 0.4147727
##          1          2          3          4          5          6          7 
## 0.06818182 0.14772727 0.24431818 0.32386364 0.40909091 0.46022727 0.50000000 
##          8          9         10         11         12         13         14 
## 0.56250000 0.58522727 0.64204545 0.68750000 0.71590909 0.73295455 0.73863636 
##         15         16         17         18         19         21         22 
## 0.78409091 0.79545455 0.80681818 0.81818182 0.84659091 0.85227273 0.85795455 
##         23         24         25         26         27         28         29 
## 0.86931818 0.87500000 0.89204545 0.90909091 0.91477273 0.92613636 0.93181818 
##         30         31         32         33         36         40         46 
## 0.94886364 0.95454545 0.96022727 0.96590909 0.97159091 0.97727273 0.98863636 
##         50         51 
## 0.99431818 1.00000000
Within reach? Only Chem-boards
Var1 Var2 Var3 Freq
BASF BASF FALSE 0
Bayer BASF FALSE 18
Hoechst BASF FALSE 14
BASF Bayer FALSE 18
Bayer Bayer FALSE 0
Hoechst Bayer FALSE 9
BASF Hoechst FALSE 14
Bayer Hoechst FALSE 9
Hoechst Hoechst FALSE 0
BASF BASF TRUE 64
Bayer BASF TRUE 46
Hoechst BASF TRUE 34
BASF Bayer TRUE 46
Bayer Bayer TRUE 64
Hoechst Bayer TRUE 39
BASF Hoechst TRUE 34
Bayer Hoechst TRUE 39
Hoechst Hoechst TRUE 48
Within reach? Chemie, VCI og Banks
Var1 Var2 Var3 Freq
BASF BASF FALSE 0
Bayer BASF FALSE 2
Hoechst BASF FALSE 24
BASF Bayer FALSE 2
Bayer Bayer FALSE 0
Hoechst Bayer FALSE 18
BASF Hoechst FALSE 24
Bayer Hoechst FALSE 18
Hoechst Hoechst FALSE 0
BASF BASF TRUE 64
Bayer BASF TRUE 62
Hoechst BASF TRUE 40
BASF Bayer TRUE 62
Bayer Bayer TRUE 64
Hoechst Bayer TRUE 46
BASF Hoechst TRUE 40
Bayer Hoechst TRUE 46
Hoechst Hoechst TRUE 64

Figure 3

Tables for Figure 3

Share of primary ties
Year Primary ties
1950 1950 0.0416667
1951 1951 0.0625000
1952 1952 0.1071429
1953 1953 0.1315789
1954 1954 0.1451613
1955 1955 0.1935484
1956 1956 0.2187500
1957 1957 0.2424242
1958 1958 0.2361111
1959 1959 0.2187500
1960 1960 0.1935484
1961 1961 0.2166667
1962 1962 0.2166667
1963 1963 0.2241379
1964 1964 0.2166667
1965 1965 0.1896552
1966 1966 0.2413793
1967 1967 0.2343750
1968 1968 0.2258065
1969 1969 0.1666667
1970 1970 0.1750000
1971 1971 0.1756757
1972 1972 0.1891892
1973 1973 0.1805556
1974 1974 0.1944444
1975 1975 0.2105263
1976 1976 0.2083333
1977 1977 0.2343750
1978 1978 0.2205882
1979 1979 0.2413793
1980 1980 0.2187500
1981 1981 0.2031250
1982 1982 0.2058824
1983 1983 0.2285714
1984 1984 0.2000000
1985 1985 0.1756757
1986 1986 0.1842105
1987 1987 0.1794872
1988 1988 0.1562500
1989 1989 0.1842105
1990 1990 0.1842105
1991 1991 0.2031250
1992 1992 0.1486486
1993 1993 0.1527778
1994 1994 0.1800000
1995 1995 0.1590909
1996 1996 0.1600000
1997 1997 0.1666667
1998 1998 0.1666667
1999 1999 0.1666667
2000 2000 0.1875000
2001 2001 0.1750000
2002 2002 0.1904762
2003 2003 0.1818182
2004 2004 0.1590909
2005 2005 0.1428571
2006 2006 0.0882353
2007 2007 0.1428571
2008 2008 0.1388889
2009 2009 0.0625000
2010 2010 0.0714286
2011 2011 0.1000000
2012 2012 0.1052632
2013 2013 0.0789474
2014 2014 0.0882353
2015 2015 0.1500000
Share of companies in the largest component
Component Component past year
1950 0.6250000 0.6250000 1950
1951 0.6000000 0.6000000 1951
1952 0.7391304 0.8695652 1952
1953 0.8076923 0.8461538 1953
1954 0.7407407 0.8518519 1954
1955 0.7407407 0.8888889 1955
1956 0.7037037 0.8888889 1956
1957 0.7037037 0.8518519 1957
1958 0.7407407 0.8888889 1958
1959 0.7037037 0.8888889 1959
1960 0.6296296 0.7407407 1960
1961 0.6296296 0.7407407 1961
1962 0.6666667 0.6666667 1962
1963 0.6666667 0.6666667 1963
1964 0.6296296 0.6666667 1964
1965 0.6666667 0.7037037 1965
1966 0.7407407 0.7777778 1966
1967 0.7692308 0.8076923 1967
1968 0.7692308 0.7692308 1968
1969 0.7777778 0.7777778 1969
1970 0.7037037 0.7407407 1970
1971 0.6333333 0.7333333 1971
1972 0.6551724 0.7586207 1972
1973 0.6896552 0.7931034 1973
1974 0.6428571 0.8571429 1974
1975 0.7142857 0.8571429 1975
1976 0.7142857 0.8571429 1976
1977 0.6428571 0.8214286 1977
1978 0.6785714 0.8928571 1978
1979 0.8214286 0.8571429 1979
1980 0.8214286 0.8571429 1980
1981 0.7500000 0.8571429 1981
1982 0.7241379 0.8275862 1982
1983 0.7586207 0.7931034 1983
1984 0.7586207 0.7931034 1984
1985 0.7333333 0.8333333 1985
1986 0.7333333 0.8333333 1986
1987 0.7333333 0.7333333 1987
1988 0.7333333 0.7666667 1988
1989 0.7586207 0.7586207 1989
1990 0.7586207 0.7586207 1990
1991 0.7500000 0.7500000 1991
1992 0.7857143 0.7857143 1992
1993 0.7857143 0.7857143 1993
1994 0.6071429 0.7857143 1994
1995 0.5925926 0.7407407 1995
1996 0.6071429 0.7142857 1996
1997 0.6785714 0.7142857 1997
1998 0.7407407 0.7777778 1998
1999 0.4615385 0.6538462 1999
2000 0.5909091 0.6818182 2000
2001 0.6818182 0.7272727 2001
2002 0.6818182 0.7272727 2002
2003 0.7619048 0.7619048 2003
2004 0.7619048 0.8095238 2004
2005 0.7500000 0.7500000 2005
2006 0.7142857 0.8095238 2006
2007 0.6000000 0.7000000 2007
2008 0.7500000 0.8500000 2008
2009 0.8000000 0.8500000 2009
2010 0.7000000 0.8500000 2010
2011 0.8421053 0.8947368 2011
2012 0.7368421 0.7894737 2012
2013 0.7368421 0.7894737 2013
2014 0.7894737 0.8421053 2014
2015 0.7894737 0.8421053 2015
Share of ties between firms with bankers and unionists
Year Unionists Bankers
1950 1950 0.0000000 0.4166667
1951 1951 0.0000000 0.4375000
1952 1952 0.0000000 0.4642857
1953 1953 0.0000000 0.3947368
1954 1954 0.0000000 0.5161290
1955 1955 0.0000000 0.4193548
1956 1956 0.0000000 0.4062500
1957 1957 0.0000000 0.3939394
1958 1958 0.0000000 0.3611111
1959 1959 0.0000000 0.2812500
1960 1960 0.0000000 0.2903226
1961 1961 0.0000000 0.2333333
1962 1962 0.0000000 0.2333333
1963 1963 0.0000000 0.2413793
1964 1964 0.0000000 0.2333333
1965 1965 0.0000000 0.2758621
1966 1966 0.0000000 0.2413793
1967 1967 0.0000000 0.2500000
1968 1968 0.0000000 0.2580645
1969 1969 0.0000000 0.1944444
1970 1970 0.0000000 0.1250000
1971 1971 0.0000000 0.2162162
1972 1972 0.0000000 0.2162162
1973 1973 0.0000000 0.2500000
1974 1974 0.0000000 0.2500000
1975 1975 0.0000000 0.2631579
1976 1976 0.0000000 0.2777778
1977 1977 0.0000000 0.2187500
1978 1978 0.0588235 0.2647059
1979 1979 0.1034483 0.2068966
1980 1980 0.0937500 0.1875000
1981 1981 0.0937500 0.2187500
1982 1982 0.0882353 0.2058824
1983 1983 0.2000000 0.2285714
1984 1984 0.2000000 0.2285714
1985 1985 0.1891892 0.2162162
1986 1986 0.1842105 0.1315789
1987 1987 0.2051282 0.1282051
1988 1988 0.1875000 0.1875000
1989 1989 0.1315789 0.2105263
1990 1990 0.1315789 0.1578947
1991 1991 0.1250000 0.1250000
1992 1992 0.1351351 0.1351351
1993 1993 0.1388889 0.1388889
1994 1994 0.1200000 0.2000000
1995 1995 0.1363636 0.2272727
1996 1996 0.1600000 0.3200000
1997 1997 0.1666667 0.2500000
1998 1998 0.1333333 0.2000000
1999 1999 0.1428571 0.2380952
2000 2000 0.1250000 0.2500000
2001 2001 0.1000000 0.2500000
2002 2002 0.0952381 0.2380952
2003 2003 0.1363636 0.2272727
2004 2004 0.1363636 0.1818182
2005 2005 0.1428571 0.1428571
2006 2006 0.1764706 0.1764706
2007 2007 0.2857143 0.1428571
2008 2008 0.2777778 0.1666667
2009 2009 0.3125000 0.1875000
2010 2010 0.3571429 0.2142857
2011 2011 0.3333333 0.2000000
2012 2012 0.4210526 0.1578947
2013 2013 0.4736842 0.1578947
2014 2014 0.4117647 0.1764706
2015 2015 0.3000000 0.2000000
Number of ties between firms with bankers and unionists
Year Unionists Bankers
1950 1950 0 5
1951 1951 0 7
1952 1952 0 13
1953 1953 0 15
1954 1954 0 16
1955 1955 0 13
1956 1956 0 13
1957 1957 0 13
1958 1958 0 13
1959 1959 0 9
1960 1960 0 9
1961 1961 0 7
1962 1962 0 7
1963 1963 0 7
1964 1964 0 7
1965 1965 0 8
1966 1966 0 7
1967 1967 0 8
1968 1968 0 8
1969 1969 0 7
1970 1970 0 5
1971 1971 0 8
1972 1972 0 8
1973 1973 0 9
1974 1974 0 9
1975 1975 0 10
1976 1976 0 10
1977 1977 0 7
1978 1978 2 9
1979 1979 3 6
1980 1980 3 6
1981 1981 3 7
1982 1982 3 7
1983 1983 7 8
1984 1984 7 8
1985 1985 7 8
1986 1986 7 5
1987 1987 8 5
1988 1988 9 9
1989 1989 5 8
1990 1990 5 6
1991 1991 4 4
1992 1992 5 5
1993 1993 5 5
1994 1994 3 5
1995 1995 3 5
1996 1996 4 8
1997 1997 4 6
1998 1998 4 6
1999 1999 3 5
2000 2000 2 4
2001 2001 2 5
2002 2002 2 5
2003 2003 3 5
2004 2004 3 4
2005 2005 3 3
2006 2006 3 3
2007 2007 4 2
2008 2008 5 3
2009 2009 5 3
2010 2010 5 3
2011 2011 5 3
2012 2012 8 3
2013 2013 9 3
2014 2014 7 3
2015 2015 6 4

Figure 4

Tables for Figure 4

Type Connected.to Already.connected Unconnected year
VCI NA NA NA 1950
VCI 3 2 1 1951
VCI 3 3 0 1952
VCI 3 2 1 1953
VCI 3 3 0 1954
VCI 3 3 0 1955
VCI 3 2 1 1956
VCI 3 2 1 1957
VCI 4 2 2 1958
VCI 3 0 3 1959
VCI 4 0 4 1960
VCI 4 0 4 1961
VCI 3 0 3 1962
VCI 4 0 4 1963
VCI 4 0 4 1964
VCI 4 3 1 1965
VCI 4 3 1 1966
VCI 4 3 1 1967
VCI 4 3 1 1968
VCI 4 3 1 1969
VCI 4 3 1 1970
VCI 4 3 1 1971
VCI 4 0 4 1972
VCI 4 0 4 1973
VCI 4 3 1 1974
VCI 4 3 1 1975
VCI 4 4 0 1976
VCI 4 4 0 1977
VCI 4 2 2 1978
VCI 4 2 2 1979
VCI 4 2 2 1980
VCI 4 2 2 1981
VCI 4 0 4 1982
VCI 4 0 4 1983
VCI 4 3 1 1984
VCI 4 3 1 1985
VCI 4 4 0 1986
VCI 4 4 0 1987
VCI 4 4 0 1988
VCI 4 4 0 1989
VCI 4 4 0 1990
VCI 4 4 0 1991
VCI 4 3 1 1992
VCI 4 4 0 1993
VCI 4 4 0 1994
VCI 4 4 0 1995
VCI 4 3 1 1996
VCI 4 3 1 1997
VCI 5 5 0 1998
VCI 6 4 2 1999
VCI 4 0 4 2000
VCI 3 0 3 2001
VCI 3 0 3 2002
VCI 4 0 4 2003
VCI 4 0 4 2004
VCI 4 0 4 2005
VCI 4 3 1 2006
VCI 3 3 0 2007
VCI 4 3 1 2008
VCI 5 3 2 2009
VCI 5 3 2 2010
VCI 4 0 4 2011
VCI 4 2 2 2012
VCI 4 2 2 2013
VCI 4 2 2 2014
VCI 4 3 1 2015
Banks 0 0 0 1950
Banks 0 0 0 1951
Banks 5 4 1 1952
Banks 10 8 2 1953
Banks 11 9 2 1954
Banks 11 10 1 1955
Banks 11 10 1 1956
Banks 11 11 0 1957
Banks 12 12 0 1958
Banks 10 9 1 1959
Banks 12 9 3 1960
Banks 10 8 2 1961
Banks 9 8 1 1962
Banks 10 6 4 1963
Banks 10 6 4 1964
Banks 11 8 3 1965
Banks 10 10 0 1966
Banks 9 9 0 1967
Banks 10 10 0 1968
Banks 12 11 1 1969
Banks 13 11 2 1970
Banks 14 11 3 1971
Banks 12 10 2 1972
Banks 13 11 2 1973
Banks 11 9 2 1974
Banks 11 10 1 1975
Banks 13 13 0 1976
Banks 13 13 0 1977
Banks 10 8 2 1978
Banks 9 5 4 1979
Banks 10 8 2 1980
Banks 11 9 2 1981
Banks 11 9 2 1982
Banks 12 11 1 1983
Banks 13 11 2 1984
Banks 13 11 2 1985
Banks 13 11 2 1986
Banks 13 12 1 1987
Banks 13 12 1 1988
Banks 12 11 1 1989
Banks 12 11 1 1990
Banks 10 9 1 1991
Banks 13 11 2 1992
Banks 15 13 2 1993
Banks 14 11 3 1994
Banks 12 9 3 1995
Banks 11 8 3 1996
Banks 10 7 3 1997
Banks 11 10 1 1998
Banks 9 7 2 1999
Banks 8 6 2 2000
Banks 7 7 0 2001
Banks 6 6 0 2002
Banks 6 6 0 2003
Banks 5 5 0 2004
Banks 5 5 0 2005
Banks 6 5 1 2006
Banks 4 3 1 2007
Banks 5 4 1 2008
Banks 5 5 0 2009
Banks 5 5 0 2010
Banks 4 4 0 2011
Banks 2 0 2 2012
Banks 2 2 0 2013
Banks 2 0 2 2014
Banks 2 0 2 2015

Figure 5

Appendix

Appendix 1

Appendix 2