DIAGNOSIS: Female: Body subovate, moderately distorted. Head separate from pereon. Distinct frontal lamina, palp, coxal plates, dorsolateral bosses. Posterolateral point of first oostigite not directed backward. Pleopods uniramous or absent, uropods lacking.
Male: Body elongate, without midventral tubercles. Pleon completely fused, without pleopods or uropods.
TYPE SPECIES: Bopyroides acutimarginatus Stimpson, 1864 (= Bopyrus hippolytes Kröyer, 1838), by original designation.
OTHER SPECIES: Bopyroides cluthae (Scott, 1902), B. shiinoi Rybakov and Avdeev, 1991.
REMARKS: Stimpson (1864) erected this genus for Bopyroides acutimarginatus from Puget Sound. Bourdon (1968) reviewed the genus and considered B. acutimarginatus as a synonym of Bopyrus hippolytes, and also synonymized B. furcata Norman, 1905, and Pleurocrypta patiencei Scott, 1902, with B. cluthae. Markham (1985a) regarded B. sarsi Bonnier, 1900, as identical with B. hippolytes. Rybakov and Avdeev (1991) described B. shiinoi from the northwestern Pacific.
Bopyroides hippolytes (Kröyer, 1838) Figure 11
Bopyrus hippolytes Kröyer, 1838a: 306–310, 318, pl. 4, fig. 22 [type locality Greenland; infesting Lebbeus polaris]; Kröyer, 1838b: 78–82, 90, pl. 4, fig. 22.
Bopyroides hippolytes — Markham, 1985a: 52– 53 (extensive synonymy); Bourdon, 1987: 342; Kim and Kwon, 1988, 212–213, fig. 8 [Korea, infesting Pandalus borealis]; Rybakov, 1990: 409 [Sea of Okhotsk, infesting P. borealis, host for Bourdonia tridentata Rybakov, 1990 (Cabiropidae)]; Rybakov and Avdeev, 1991: 167–168, fig. 1 [comparison with B. shiinoi]; Saito et al., 2000: 39– 40 (list); Boyko, 2004: 692–693, fig. 10 [Taiwan, infesting Lebbeus cf. spinirostris (Kobyakova, 1936)]; An, 2006: 78–79, fig. 34.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Infesting Birulia kishinouyei, 1 ♀ (CIEHI 401001), 1 ♂ (CIEHI 401002), Yellow Sea, Stn, 4010, 123 ° 30′E, 33 ° 30′N, 60 m, 6 December 1959, coll. Jieshan Xu and Mu Chen.
DESCRIPTION: Female (CIEHI401001): Length 8.38 mm, maximal width 7.30 mm, head length 1.92 mm, head width 2.17 mm, pleon length 2.60 mm, distorted 19 °. All body segments distinct (fig. 7A, B). Head oval, frontal lamina extending beyond head, anterior edge shallowly bilobate, posterior edge curved, eyes absent (fig. 7A). Maxilliped (fig. 7C) with short setose palp and obscure spur. Barbula (fig. 7D) with two pairs of long falcate lateral projections on each side, outer one more slender.
Pereon broadest across third pereomere (fig. 11A). Coxal plates rudimentary on both sides. Brood pouch completely open (fig. 11B). Oostegite 1 (fig. 11E, F) with two equally long articles, nearly smooth internal ridge bearing one large and two or three small projections, posterolateral point directed laterally. Pereopods larger posteriorly (fig. 11G, H), with blunt and small dactyli. Pleon of six pleomeres, lateral plates lacking. Four pairs of small tubercular uniramous pleopods, uropods lacking.
DESCRIPTION: Male (CIEHI401002): Length 2.95 mm, maximal width (across pereon 4) 0.83 mm, head width 0.54 mm, pleonal length 0.79 mm. All pereomeres distinctly segmented, pleon fused (fig. 11I, J). Head a flattened ellipse, posterior edge curved (fig. 11I), black eyes in posterolateral corners (fig. 11I). Antennule of two articles, antenna of four articles, terminally setose (fig. 11K). Pereomeres subequal in width, lacking midventral projections (fig. 11J). Pereopods of subequal size and structure (fig. 11L). Pleon completely fused, without pleopods or uropods, obscure segment demarcations visible in ventral view (fig. 11J).
HOSTS AND LOCALITIES: Birulia kishinouyei (Yokoya, 1930), Eualus fabricii (Kröyer, 1841), E. gaimardii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), E. pusiolus (Kröyer, 1841), E. suckleyi (Stimpson, 1864), Heptacarpus brevirostris (Dana, 1852), H. herdmani (Walker, 1898), Hippolyte varians Leach, 1814, Lebbeus groenlandicus (Fabricius, 1775), Lebbeus polaris (Sabine, 1824), L. cf. spinirostris (Kobyakova, 1936), Spirontocaris arcuata Rathbun, 1902, S. holmesi Holthuis, 1947, S. lamellicornis (Dana, 1852), S. lilljeborgii (Danielssen, 1859), S. murdochi Rathbun, 1902, S. phippsii (Kröyer, 1841), S. spinus (Sowerby, 1805) (Hippolytidae) and Pandalopsis aleutica Rathbun, 1902, P. dispar Rathbun, 1902, Pandalus borealis Kröyer, 1838, P. goniurus Stimpson,1860, P. jordani Rathbun, 1902, P. montagui Leach, 1814 (Pandalidae), from Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, England, Denmark, Norway, Arctic Ocean, White Sea, Barents Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea, Japan, Korea, Yellow Sea, Taiwan, Kodiak, Alaska to Puget Sound, Washington, Ellsmere Island, Baffin Bay, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Nova Scotia, Maine to Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts, 60 m (Yellow Sea), 506–680 m (Taiwan) (most other depths not recorded).
REMARKS: Bopyroides hippolytes has been described many times in detail (see Markham, 1985a, for a more complete synonymy and discussion). The synonymy list provided here includes only select references published after Markham (1985a). All hosts are in Hippolytidae and Pandalidae. Boyko (2004) recorded this species from Chinese waters infesting Lebbeus cf. spinirostris (Kobjakova) off Taiwan. The present specimens conform well to previous descriptions of this species, but the host and locality are new records. Birulia kishinouyei has not previously been reported as hosting any bopyrid.
Bopyroides shiinoi Rybakov and Andeev, 1991 Figure 12
Bopyroides hippolytes: Shiino, 1937a: 293– 296, fig. 1 [Japan, infesting Spirontocaris alcimede de Man, 1906 (= Heptacarpus geniculatus (Stimpson, 1860)), S. mororani Rathbun, 1902 (= S. ochotensis (Brandt, 1851), S. pandaloides Stimpson (= Heptacarpus pandaloides (Stimpson, 1860))] (not Bopyroides hipplolytes Kröyer, 1838).
Bopyroides shiinoi Rybakov and Andeev, 1991: 169–171 [Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, infesting Heptacarpus camtschaticus (Stimpson, 1860), H. geniculata longirostris (Kobjakova) (= H. longirostris (Kobyakova, 1936)), and H. grebnitzkii Rathbun, 1902]; Boyko, 2004: 692–693 (mention, no new records); An, 2006: 79–80, fig. 35.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Infesting Hippolyte sp. (Hippolytidae), 1 ♀ (CIEHI 560901), 1 ♂ (CIEHI 560902), Sea Island, Dalian City, Jiangsu Province, 123 ° 15′E, 39 ° 00′N, 27 September 1956.
DESCRIPTION: Female (CIEHI560901): Length 4.86 mm, maximal width 3.60 mm, head length 0.84 mm, head width 1.28 mm, sinistrally distorted 36 ° (fig. 12A, B).
Head ovate, anterior edge bilobate, frontal lamina present, eyes absent (fig. 12A). Maxilliped (fig. 12C) with setose, articulated palp, inner edge fringes with setae. Barbula (fig. 12D) with two pairs of sharp, elongate falcate lateral projections on each side.
Pereon broadest across third pereomere (fig. 12A). Narrow rudimentary coxal plates on first four pereomeres of both sides. Lateral margin of pereomeres 5–7 indented (fig. 12A). Brood pouch completely open (fig. 12B). Oo‐ stegite 1 (fig. 12E, F) with two equally long articles, internal ridge almost smooth, posterolateral point blunt and directed laterally; fifth oostegite longest. Pereopods with sub‐ equal size and structure (fig. 12G), blunt dactyli, bases with carinae. Pleon of five pleomeres, fused medially. Pleopods and uropods lacking.
DESCRIPTION: Male (CIEHI560902): Length 1.87 mm, maximal width (across pereon 5) 0.58 mm, head width 0.34 mm, pleonal length 0.51 mm. All pereon segments distinct, pleomeres fused (fig. 12H, I). Head a flattened ellipse (fig. 12H), eyes in posterolateral corners (fig. 12H). Antennule of three articles, antenna of five articles, terminally setose, extending beyond margins of head (fig. 12I). Pereomeres subequal in width, lacking midventral projections (fig. 12I). Pereopods with subequal size and structure (fig. 12I). Pleon completely fused, pleopods and uropods lacking (fig. 12I).
HOSTS AND LOCALITIES: Infesting Heptacarpus geniculatus (Stimpson, 1860), Heptacarpus pandaloides (Stimpson, 1860), Hippolyte sp., Spirontocaris ochotensis (Brandt, 1851) (Hippolytidae), Japan and Jiangsu Province, China.
REMARKS: Shiino (1937a) recorded Bopy ‐ roides hippolytes infesting three Spirontocaris spp. from Japan, but this material was considered as belonging to B. shiinoi by Rybakov and Avdeev (1991), which was described from a more northerly locality in the Sea of Japan and from different hippolytid hosts. Rybakov and Avdeev (1991) noted that the most obvious difference between B. hippolytes and B. shiinoi is in the fusion of the terminal pleomeres. The present female does not have tubercular pleopods but does have fusion of the last two pleomeres, suggesting that it is conspecific with B. shiinoi. The host of the present specimens must be new, as no species of Hippolyte was previously known as a host for B. shiinoi, but this host specimen is not identifiable beyond the genus level.
KEY TO THE THREE SPECIES OF
Bopyroides hippolytes (Kröyer, 1838) Figure 11
Bopyrus hippolytes Kröyer, 1838a: 306–310, 318, pl. 4, fig. 22 [type locality Greenland; infesting Lebbeus polaris]; Kröyer, 1838b: 78–82, 90, pl. 4, fig. 22.
Bopyroides hippolytes — Markham, 1985a: 52– 53 (extensive synonymy); Bourdon, 1987: 342; Kim and Kwon, 1988, 212–213, fig. 8 [Korea, infesting Pandalus borealis]; Rybakov, 1990: 409 [Sea of Okhotsk, infesting P. borealis, host for Bourdonia tridentata Rybakov, 1990 (Cabiropidae)]; Rybakov and Avdeev, 1991: 167–168, fig. 1 [comparison with B. shiinoi]; Saito et al., 2000: 39– 40 (list); Boyko, 2004: 692–693, fig. 10 [Taiwan, infesting Lebbeus cf. spinirostris (Kobyakova, 1936)]; An, 2006: 78–79, fig. 34.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Infesting Birulia kishinouyei, 1 ♀ (CIEHI 401001), 1 ♂ (CIEHI 401002), Yellow Sea, Stn, 4010, 123 ° 30′E, 33 ° 30′N, 60 m, 6 December 1959, coll. Jieshan Xu and Mu Chen.
DESCRIPTION: Female (CIEHI401001): Length 8.38 mm, maximal width 7.30 mm, head length 1.92 mm, head width 2.17 mm, pleon length 2.60 mm, distorted 19 °. All body segments distinct (fig. 7A, B). Head oval, frontal lamina extending beyond head, anterior edge shallowly bilobate, posterior edge curved, eyes absent (fig. 7A). Maxilliped (fig. 7C) with short setose palp and obscure spur. Barbula (fig. 7D) with two pairs of long falcate lateral projections on each side, outer one more slender.
Pereon broadest across third pereomere (fig. 11A). Coxal plates rudimentary on both sides. Brood pouch completely open (fig. 11B). Oostegite 1 (fig. 11E, F) with two equally long articles, nearly smooth internal ridge bearing one large and two or three small projections, posterolateral point directed laterally. Pereopods larger posteriorly (fig. 11G, H), with blunt and small dactyli. Pleon of six pleomeres, lateral plates lacking. Four pairs of small tubercular uniramous pleopods, uropods lacking.
DESCRIPTION: Male (CIEHI401002): Length 2.95 mm, maximal width (across pereon 4) 0.83 mm, head width 0.54 mm, pleonal length 0.79 mm. All pereomeres distinctly segmented, pleon fused (fig. 11I, J). Head a flattened ellipse, posterior edge curved (fig. 11I), black eyes in posterolateral corners (fig. 11I). Antennule of two articles, antenna of four articles, terminally setose (fig. 11K). Pereomeres subequal in width, lacking midventral projections (fig. 11J). Pereopods of subequal size and structure (fig. 11L). Pleon completely fused, without pleopods or uropods, obscure segment demarcations visible in ventral view (fig. 11J).
HOSTS AND LOCALITIES: Birulia kishinouyei (Yokoya, 1930), Eualus fabricii (Kröyer, 1841), E. gaimardii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), E. pusiolus (Kröyer, 1841), E. suckleyi (Stimpson, 1864), Heptacarpus brevirostris (Dana, 1852), H. herdmani (Walker, 1898), Hippolyte varians Leach, 1814, Lebbeus groenlandicus (Fabricius, 1775), Lebbeus polaris (Sabine, 1824), L. cf. spinirostris (Kobyakova, 1936), Spirontocaris arcuata Rathbun, 1902, S. holmesi Holthuis, 1947, S. lamellicornis (Dana, 1852), S. lilljeborgii (Danielssen, 1859), S. murdochi Rathbun, 1902, S. phippsii (Kröyer, 1841), S. spinus (Sowerby, 1805) (Hippolytidae) and Pandalopsis aleutica Rathbun, 1902, P. dispar Rathbun, 1902, Pandalus borealis Kröyer, 1838, P. goniurus Stimpson,1860, P. jordani Rathbun, 1902, P. montagui Leach, 1814 (Pandalidae), from Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, England, Denmark, Norway, Arctic Ocean, White Sea, Barents Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea, Japan, Korea, Yellow Sea, Taiwan, Kodiak, Alaska to Puget Sound, Washington, Ellsmere Island, Baffin Bay, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Nova Scotia, Maine to Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts, 60 m (Yellow Sea), 506–680 m (Taiwan) (most other depths not recorded).
REMARKS: Bopyroides hippolytes has been described many times in detail (see Markham, 1985a, for a more complete synonymy and discussion). The synonymy list provided here includes only select references published after Markham (1985a). All hosts are in Hippolytidae and Pandalidae. Boyko (2004) recorded this species from Chinese waters infesting Lebbeus cf. spinirostris (Kobjakova) off Taiwan. The present specimens conform well to previous descriptions of this species, but the host and locality are new records. Birulia kishinouyei has not previously been reported as hosting any bopyrid.
Bopyroides shiinoi Rybakov and Andeev, 1991 Figure 12
Bopyroides hippolytes: Shiino, 1937a: 293– 296, fig. 1 [Japan, infesting Spirontocaris alcimede de Man, 1906 (= Heptacarpus geniculatus (Stimpson, 1860)), S. mororani Rathbun, 1902 (= S. ochotensis (Brandt, 1851), S. pandaloides Stimpson (= Heptacarpus pandaloides (Stimpson, 1860))] (not Bopyroides hipplolytes Kröyer, 1838).
Bopyroides shiinoi Rybakov and Andeev, 1991: 169–171 [Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, infesting Heptacarpus camtschaticus (Stimpson, 1860), H. geniculata longirostris (Kobjakova) (= H. longirostris (Kobyakova, 1936)), and H. grebnitzkii Rathbun, 1902]; Boyko, 2004: 692–693 (mention, no new records); An, 2006: 79–80, fig. 35.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Infesting Hippolyte sp. (Hippolytidae), 1 ♀ (CIEHI 560901), 1 ♂ (CIEHI 560902), Sea Island, Dalian City, Jiangsu Province, 123 ° 15′E, 39 ° 00′N, 27 September 1956.
DESCRIPTION: Female (CIEHI560901): Length 4.86 mm, maximal width 3.60 mm, head length 0.84 mm, head width 1.28 mm, sinistrally distorted 36 ° (fig. 12A, B).
Head ovate, anterior edge bilobate, frontal lamina present, eyes absent (fig. 12A). Maxilliped (fig. 12C) with setose, articulated palp, inner edge fringes with setae. Barbula (fig. 12D) with two pairs of sharp, elongate falcate lateral projections on each side.
Pereon broadest across third pereomere (fig. 12A). Narrow rudimentary coxal plates on first four pereomeres of both sides. Lateral margin of pereomeres 5–7 indented (fig. 12A). Brood pouch completely open (fig. 12B). Oo‐ stegite 1 (fig. 12E, F) with two equally long articles, internal ridge almost smooth, posterolateral point blunt and directed laterally; fifth oostegite longest. Pereopods with sub‐ equal size and structure (fig. 12G), blunt dactyli, bases with carinae. Pleon of five pleomeres, fused medially. Pleopods and uropods lacking.
DESCRIPTION: Male (CIEHI560902): Length 1.87 mm, maximal width (across pereon 5) 0.58 mm, head width 0.34 mm, pleonal length 0.51 mm. All pereon segments distinct, pleomeres fused (fig. 12H, I). Head a flattened ellipse (fig. 12H), eyes in posterolateral corners (fig. 12H). Antennule of three articles, antenna of five articles, terminally setose, extending beyond margins of head (fig. 12I). Pereomeres subequal in width, lacking midventral projections (fig. 12I). Pereopods with subequal size and structure (fig. 12I). Pleon completely fused, pleopods and uropods lacking (fig. 12I).
HOSTS AND LOCALITIES: Infesting Heptacarpus geniculatus (Stimpson, 1860), Heptacarpus pandaloides (Stimpson, 1860), Hippolyte sp., Spirontocaris ochotensis (Brandt, 1851) (Hippolytidae), Japan and Jiangsu Province, China.
REMARKS: Shiino (1937a) recorded Bopy ‐ roides hippolytes infesting three Spirontocaris spp. from Japan, but this material was considered as belonging to B. shiinoi by Rybakov and Avdeev (1991), which was described from a more northerly locality in the Sea of Japan and from different hippolytid hosts. Rybakov and Avdeev (1991) noted that the most obvious difference between B. hippolytes and B. shiinoi is in the fusion of the terminal pleomeres. The present female does not have tubercular pleopods but does have fusion of the last two pleomeres, suggesting that it is conspecific with B. shiinoi. The host of the present specimens must be new, as no species of Hippolyte was previously known as a host for B. shiinoi, but this host specimen is not identifiable beyond the genus level.
KEY TO THE THREE SPECIES OF
Bopyroides shiinoi Rybakov and Andeev, 1991 Figure 12
Bopyroides hippolytes: Shiino, 1937a: 293– 296, fig. 1 [Japan, infesting Spirontocaris alcimede de Man, 1906 (= Heptacarpus geniculatus (Stimpson, 1860)), S. mororani Rathbun, 1902 (= S. ochotensis (Brandt, 1851), S. pandaloides Stimpson (= Heptacarpus pandaloides (Stimpson, 1860))] (not Bopyroides hipplolytes Kröyer, 1838).
Bopyroides shiinoi Rybakov and Andeev, 1991: 169–171 [Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, infesting Heptacarpus camtschaticus (Stimpson, 1860), H. geniculata longirostris (Kobjakova) (= H. longirostris (Kobyakova, 1936)), and H. grebnitzkii Rathbun, 1902]; Boyko, 2004: 692–693 (mention, no new records); An, 2006: 79–80, fig. 35.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: Infesting Hippolyte sp. (Hippolytidae), 1 ♀ (CIEHI 560901), 1 ♂ (CIEHI 560902), Sea Island, Dalian City, Jiangsu Province, 123 ° 15′E, 39 ° 00′N, 27 September 1956.
DESCRIPTION: Female (CIEHI560901): Length 4.86 mm, maximal width 3.60 mm, head length 0.84 mm, head width 1.28 mm, sinistrally distorted 36 ° (fig. 12A, B).
Head ovate, anterior edge bilobate, frontal lamina present, eyes absent (fig. 12A). Maxilliped (fig. 12C) with setose, articulated palp, inner edge fringes with setae. Barbula (fig. 12D) with two pairs of sharp, elongate falcate lateral projections on each side.
Pereon broadest across third pereomere (fig. 12A). Narrow rudimentary coxal plates on first four pereomeres of both sides. Lateral margin of pereomeres 5–7 indented (fig. 12A). Brood pouch completely open (fig. 12B). Oo‐ stegite 1 (fig. 12E, F) with two equally long articles, internal ridge almost smooth, posterolateral point blunt and directed laterally; fifth oostegite longest. Pereopods with sub‐ equal size and structure (fig. 12G), blunt dactyli, bases with carinae. Pleon of five pleomeres, fused medially. Pleopods and uropods lacking.
DESCRIPTION: Male (CIEHI560902): Length 1.87 mm, maximal width (across pereon 5) 0.58 mm, head width 0.34 mm, pleonal length 0.51 mm. All pereon segments distinct, pleomeres fused (fig. 12H, I). Head a flattened ellipse (fig. 12H), eyes in posterolateral corners (fig. 12H). Antennule of three articles, antenna of five articles, terminally setose, extending beyond margins of head (fig. 12I). Pereomeres subequal in width, lacking midventral projections (fig. 12I). Pereopods with subequal size and structure (fig. 12I). Pleon completely fused, pleopods and uropods lacking (fig. 12I).
HOSTS AND LOCALITIES: Infesting Heptacarpus geniculatus (Stimpson, 1860), Heptacarpus pandaloides (Stimpson, 1860), Hippolyte sp., Spirontocaris ochotensis (Brandt, 1851) (Hippolytidae), Japan and Jiangsu Province, China.
REMARKS: Shiino (1937a) recorded Bopy ‐ roides hippolytes infesting three Spirontocaris spp. from Japan, but this material was considered as belonging to B. shiinoi by Rybakov and Avdeev (1991), which was described from a more northerly locality in the Sea of Japan and from different hippolytid hosts. Rybakov and Avdeev (1991) noted that the most obvious difference between B. hippolytes and B. shiinoi is in the fusion of the terminal pleomeres. The present female does not have tubercular pleopods but does have fusion of the last two pleomeres, suggesting that it is conspecific with B. shiinoi. The host of the present specimens must be new, as no species of Hippolyte was previously known as a host for B. shiinoi, but this host specimen is not identifiable beyond the genus level.
KEY TO THE THREE SPECIES OF