Enables the transfer of a polyol from one side of a membrane to the other. A polyol is any polyhydric alcohol.
Enables the transfer of an arabitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Arabitol is the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.
Enables the transfer of glycerol from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerol is 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.
Enables the transfer of glycerol-3-phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerol-3-phosphate is a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.
Enables the transfer of propanediol from one side of a membrane to the other. Propanediol is a sweet colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid used as an antifreeze and in brake fluid; it is also as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care items, although it can be absorbed through the skin with harmful effects.
Enables the transfer of acidic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Acidic amino acids have a pH below 7.
Enables the transfer of aromatic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Aromatic amino acids have an aromatic ring.
Enables the transfer of aromatic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Aromatic amino acids have an aromatic ring.
Enables the transfer of aromatic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Aromatic amino acids have an aromatic ring.
Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Basic amino acids have a pH above 7.
Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Basic amino acids have a pH above 7.
Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Basic amino acids have a pH above 7.
Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Basic amino acids have a pH above 7.
Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Basic amino acids have a pH above 7.
Enables the transfer of neutral amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Neutral amino acids have a pH of 7.
Enables the transfer of an L-amino acid from one side of a membrane to the other. L-amino acids are the L-enantiomers of amino acids.
Enables the transfer of L-alanine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-alanine is the L-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid.
Enables the stereospecific transfer of arginine, 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid, across a biological membrane.
Enables the stereospecific transfer of arginine, 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid, across a biological membrane.
Enables the stereospecific transfer of arginine, 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid, across a biological membrane.
Enables the stereospecific transfer of arginine, 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid, across a biological membrane.
Enables the transfer of L-asparagine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-asparagine is the L-enantiomer of alpha-aminosuccinamic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-asparagine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-asparagine is the L-enantiomer of alpha-aminosuccinamic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-aspartate is the anion derived from aspartic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-aspartate is the anion derived from aspartic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-aspartate is the anion derived from aspartic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-cystine from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of L-cystine from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA).
Enables the transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA).
Enables the transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA).
Enables the transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA).
Enables the transfer of L-glutamine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-glutamine is 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of glycine from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycine is aminoethanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of glycine from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycine is aminoethanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of glycine from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycine is aminoethanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-lysine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-lysine is 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-lysine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-lysine is 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-lysine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-lysine is 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-lysine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-lysine is 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-leucine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-leucine is 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-leucine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-leucine is 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-leucine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-leucine is 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-methionine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-methionine is 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-phenylalanine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-phenylalanine is 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-phenylalanine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-phenylalanine is 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-proline from one side of a membrane to the other. L-proline is pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-proline from one side of a membrane to the other. L-proline is pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-proline from one side of a membrane to the other. L-proline is pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-proline from one side of a membrane to the other. L-proline is pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-proline from one side of a membrane to the other. L-proline is pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-threonine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-threonine is (2R*,3S*)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-threonine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-threonine is (2R*,3S*)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-threonine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-threonine is (2R*,3S*)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-threonine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-threonine is (2R*,3S*)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.
Enables the transfer of betaine from one side of a membrane to the other. Betaine is the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
Enables the transfer of betaine from one side of a membrane to the other. Betaine is the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
Enables the transfer of betaine from one side of a membrane to the other. Betaine is the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
Enables the transfer of betaine from one side of a membrane to the other. Betaine is the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
Enables directed movement of methylammonium, CH3NH2, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of polyamines, organic compounds containing two or more amino groups, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of urea from one side of a membrane to the other. Urea is the water soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2.
Enables the transfer of urea from one side of a membrane to the other. Urea is the water soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2.
Enables the transfer of a nucleobase, any nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleoside, nucleotide, or nucleic acidfrom one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of adenine, 6-aminopurine, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a purine nucleoside, a purine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of cytidine, cytosine riboside, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of uridine, uracil riboside, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a pyrimidine nucleoside, a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a purine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of ADP, adenosine diphosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a pyrimidine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of protein-DNA complexes from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of choline from one side of a membrane to the other. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Enables the transfer of choline from one side of a membrane to the other. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Enables the transfer of choline from one side of a membrane to the other. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Enables the transfer of lipopolysaccharides from one side of a membrane to the other. A lipopolysaccharide is any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide.
Enables the transfer of a cofactor from one side of a membrane to the other. A cofactor is a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.
Enables the transfer of a cofactor from one side of a membrane to the other. A cofactor is a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.
Enables the transfer of a vitamin from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a vitamin from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a vitamin from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of biopterin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biopterin is a growth factor for certain protozoans and some insects; it is widely distributed in tissues and functions in a reduced form, tetrahydrobiopterin, as a hydroxylation coenzyme.
Enables the transfer of biotin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.
Enables the transfer of biotin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.
Enables the transfer of biotin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.
Enables the transfer of biotin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.
Enables the transfer of carnitine across a membrane. Carnitine is a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Enables the transfer of acyl carnitine from one side of a membrane to the other. Acyl carnitine is the condensation product of a carboxylic acid and carnitine and is the transport form for a fatty acid crossing the mitochondrial membrane.
Enables the transfer of coenzyme A from one side of a membrane to the other. Coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, is an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
Enables the transfer of L-ascorbate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species.
Enables the transfer of L-ascorbate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species.
Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
Enables the transfer of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, the formylated derivative of tetrahydrofolate, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the directed movement of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.
Enables the directed movement of pantothenate across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
Enables the directed movement of pantothenate across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Enables the transfer of amiloride from one side of a membrane to the other. Amiloride is a potent and specific inhibitor of sodium ion entry into cells. It is used as a potassium-sparing diuretic.
Enables the transfer of cycloheximide from one side of a membrane to the other.  Cycloheximide is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces which interferes with protein synthesis in eukaryotes.
Enables the transfer of fluconazole from one side of a membrane to the other. Fluconazole is an antifungal drug used for oral candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis; it is still under study for treatment of vaginal candidiasis and other fungal infections.
Enables the transfer of fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
Enables the transfer of fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
Enables the transfer of fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
Enables the transfer of fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
Enables the transfer of fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
Enables the transfer of aminophospholipids from one side of a membrane to the other. Aminophospholipids contain phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester and an amino (NH2) group.
Enables the directed movement of sterols into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Sterol are steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
Transport systems of this type enable facilitated diffusion of water (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the facilitated diffusion of ammonium (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the facilitated diffusion of a hydrogen ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the transfer of a sugar from one side of a membrane to the other. A sugar is any member of a class of sweet, water-soluble, crystallizable carbohydrates, which are the monosaccharides and smaller oligosaccharides.
Enables the facilitated diffusion of glycerol (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the facilitated diffusion of propanediol (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the transfer of an amide, any compound containing one, two, or three acyl groups attached to a nitrogen atom, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the facilitated diffusion of methylammonium (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. Methylammonium is CH3NH2.
Enables the facilitated diffusion of urea (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules.
Enables the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an outwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel. An outwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the outward flow of K+ ions exceeds the inward flow for the opposite driving force.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by ATP. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. The membrane is an organellar membrane.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. The membrane is an organellar membrane.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress in the form of stretching.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion from intracellular stores by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion from intracellular stores by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
A ligand-gated ion channel activity which transports calcium in response to emptying of intracellular calcium stores.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: fructose(out) = fructose(in).
Enables the transfer of substances, sized less than 1000 Da, from one side of a membrane to the other. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.
Enables the transfer of substances, sized less than 1000 Da, from one side of a membrane to the other. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.
Any small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids.
Any small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids.
Any small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases.
Catalysis of the transport of a single molecular species across a membrane; transport is independent of the movement of any other molecular species.
Catalysis of the transport of a single molecular species across a membrane; transport is independent of the movement of any other molecular species.
Catalysis of the transport of a single molecular species across a membrane; transport is independent of the movement of any other molecular species.
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + cation(out) = solute(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(out) = solute(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(out) = solute(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(out) = solute(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(out) = solute(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(out) = solute(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(out) = solute(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion(out) + cation(out) = anion(in) + cation(in).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + cation(in) = solute(in) + cation(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(in) = solute(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(in) = solute(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion A(out) + anion B(in) = anion A(in) + anion B(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion A(out) + anion B(in) = anion A(in) + anion B(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion A(out) + anion B(in) = anion A(in) + anion B(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion A(out) + anion B(in) = anion A(in) + anion B(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose(out) = glucose(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: galactose (out) = galactose(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: galactose(out) + H+(out) = galactose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: galactose(out) + H+(out) = galactose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactose(out) + H+(out) = lactose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactose(out) + H+(out) = lactose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sialate(out) + cation(out) = sialate(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sialate(out) + cation(out) = sialate(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sialate(out) + cation(out) = sialate(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sialate(out) + cation(out) = sialate(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + drug(in) = H+(in) + drug(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + drug(in) = H+(in) + drug(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + amiloride(in) = H+(in) + amiloride(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + cycloheximide(in) = H+(in) + cycloheximide(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + benomyl(in) = H+(in) + benomyl(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + monoamine(in) = H+(in) + monoamine(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + polyamine(in) = H+(in) + polyamine(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + fluconazole(in) = H+(in) + fluconazole(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + aminotriazole(in) = H+(in) + aminotriazole(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: organophosphate(out) + inorganic phosphate(in) = organophosphate(in) + inorganic phosphate(out).
Enables the transfer of an inorganic molecular entity from the outside of a cell to the inside of the cell across a membrane. An inorganic molecular entity is a molecular entity that contains no carbon.
Enables the transfer of an inorganic molecular entity from the outside of a cell to the inside of the cell across a membrane. An inorganic molecular entity is a molecular entity that contains no carbon.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + inorganic phosphate(out) = Na+(in) + inorganic phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of phosphate (PO4 3-) ions from one side of a membrane to the other, requiring sodium ions.
Enables the transfer of an oligopeptide or oligopeptides from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction.
Enables the transfer of peptide-acetyl-CoA from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA(out) + CoA(in) = acetyl-CoA(in) + CoA(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cystine(out) + glutamate(in) = cystine(in) + glutamate(out).
Enables the transfer of cystine from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.
Enables the transfer of cystine from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.
Enables the transfer of cystine from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.
Enables the transfer of glutamine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the transfer of glutamine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: peptide(out) + H+(out) = peptide(in) + H+(in), up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by hydrogen ion movement.
Enables the transfer of oligopeptide from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.
Enables the transfer of oligopeptide from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.
Enables the transfer of a zinc ion or zinc ions from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane: Zn2+(out) = Zn2+(in). The activity is driven by proton motive force.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ferric enterobactin(out) + H+(out) = ferric enterobactin(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ferric enterobactin(out) + H+(out) = ferric enterobactin(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ferric triacetylfusarinine C(out) + H+(out) = ferric triacetylfusarinine C(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other, in a sodium independent manner.
Enables the transfer of thyroid hormones from one side of a membrane to the other. Thyroid hormone are any of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, largely thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
Enables the transfer of methotrexate, 4-amino-10-methylformic acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Methotrexate is a folic acid analogue and a potent competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase.
Enables the transfer of bilirubin from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.
Enables the transfer of bilirubin from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.
Enables the transfer of sterol from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction.
Catalysis of the movement of a monocarboxylate, any compound containing a single carboxyl group (COOH or COO-), by uniport, symport or antiport across a membrane by a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: acetate(out) + H+(out) = acetate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: acetate(out) + H+(out) = acetate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: acetate(out) + H+(out) = acetate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in). In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in). In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + inorganic phosphate(in) = dicarboxylate(in) + inorganic phosphate(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: malate(out) + H+(out) = malate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: malate(out) + H+(out) = malate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: malate(out) + H+(out) = malate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: malate(out) + H+(out) = malate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Ca2+(in) + cation(out) = Ca2+(out) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Ca2+(in) + H+(out) = Ca2+(out) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + Na+(out) = solute(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: galactose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: monovalent anion(out) + Na+(out) = monovalent anion(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neutral/basic amino acid(out) + Na+(out) + Cl-(out) = neutral/basic amino acid(in) + Na+(in) + Cl-(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glycine(out) + Na+(out) = glycine(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cation(out) + Cl-(out) = cation(in) + Cl-(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + Cl-(out) = Na+(in) + Cl-(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in).
Enables the secondary active high affinity transfer of sulfate from one side of a membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is the transfer of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind thesolute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the secondary active high affinity transfer of sulfate from one side of a membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is the transfer of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind thesolute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the secondary active high affinity transfer of sulfate from one side of a membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is the transfer of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind thesolute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + Na+(out) = sulfate(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + Na+(out) = sulfate(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + bicarbonate(in) = sulfate(in) + bicarbonate(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(in) + H+(out) = K+(out) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + H+(out) = K+(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: (pyrimidine nucleoside or adenine)(out) + Na+(out) = (pyrimidine nucleoside or adenine)(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: purine(out) + Na+(out) = nucleoside(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleobase(out) + cation(out) = nucleobase(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: uridine(out) + H+(out) = uridine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: uridine(out) + H+(out) = uridine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a nucleoside, from one side of a membrane to the other, down the concentration gradient.
Enables the transfer of a nucleoside, from one side of a membrane to the other, down the concentration gradient.
Enables the transfer of a nucleoside, from one side of a membrane to the other, down the concentration gradient.
Enables the transfer of a nucleoside, from one side of a membrane to the other, down the concentration gradient.
Enables the transfer of a nucleoside, from one side of a membrane to the other, down the concentration gradient.
Enables the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source, directly using ATP. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical, electrical and solar sources.
Enables the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.
Enables the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: urea(out) + Na+(out) = urea(in) + Na+(in).
Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + monosaccharide(out) = ADP + phosphate + monosaccharide(in). Ribose, xylose, arabinose, galactose and methylgalactoside are imported.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + monosaccharide(out) = ADP + phosphate + monosaccharide(in). Ribose, xylose, arabinose, galactose and methylgalactoside are imported.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + monosaccharide(out) = ADP + phosphate + monosaccharide(in). Ribose, xylose, arabinose, galactose and methylgalactoside are imported.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Fe3+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Fe3+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Fe3+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Fe3+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Fe3+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Fe3+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Fe3+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Fe3+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Mn2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Mn2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Mn2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Mn2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + taurine(out) = ADP + phosphate + taurine(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + taurine(out) = ADP + phosphate + taurine(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + taurine(out) = ADP + phosphate + taurine(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ni2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ni2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ni2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ni2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ni2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ni2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ni2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ni2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nitrate(out) = ADP + phosphate + nitrate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nitrate(out) = ADP + phosphate + nitrate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nitrate(out) = ADP + phosphate + nitrate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nitrate(out) = ADP + phosphate + nitrate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nitrate(out) = ADP + phosphate + nitrate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphonate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphonate(in). A phosphonate is any salt, anion, or ester of phosphonic acid (HPO(OH)2).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphonate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphonate(in). A phosphonate is any salt, anion, or ester of phosphonic acid (HPO(OH)2).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphonate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphonate(in). A phosphonate is any salt, anion, or ester of phosphonic acid (HPO(OH)2).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphonate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphonate(in). A phosphonate is any salt, anion, or ester of phosphonic acid (HPO(OH)2).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + phosphonate(out) = ADP + phosphate + phosphonate(in). A phosphonate is any salt, anion, or ester of phosphonic acid (HPO(OH)2).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + polyamine(out) = ADP + phosphate + polyamine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + polyamine(out) = ADP + phosphate + polyamine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + polyamine(out) = ADP + phosphate + polyamine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + polyamine(out) = ADP + phosphate + polyamine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + quaternary amine(out) = ADP + phosphate + quaternary amine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + quaternary amine(out) = ADP + phosphate + quaternary amine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + quaternary amine(out) = ADP + phosphate + quaternary amine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + quaternary amine(out) = ADP + phosphate + quaternary amine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + quaternary amine(out) = ADP + phosphate + quaternary amine(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + cob(III)alamin(out) = ADP + phosphate + cob(III)alamin(in). Cobalamin is also known as vitamin B12.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + oligopeptide(out) = ADP + phosphate + oligopeptide(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + oligopeptide(out) = ADP + phosphate + oligopeptide(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + oligopeptide(out) = ADP + phosphate + oligopeptide(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + oligosaccharide(out) = ADP + phosphate + oligosaccharide(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + oligosaccharide(out) = ADP + phosphate + oligosaccharide(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + maltose(out) = ADP + phosphate + maltose(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + maltose(out) = ADP + phosphate + maltose(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + amino acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + amino acid(in/out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nonpolar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + nonpolar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nonpolar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + nonpolar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nonpolar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + nonpolar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nonpolar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + nonpolar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nonpolar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + nonpolar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + glutathione S-conjugate(in) -> ADP + phosphate + glutathione S-conjugate(out).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + glutathione S-conjugate(in) -> ADP + phosphate + glutathione S-conjugate(out).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + glutathione S-conjugate(in) -> ADP + phosphate + glutathione S-conjugate(out).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + glutathione S-conjugate(in) -> ADP + phosphate + glutathione S-conjugate(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: bile acid(in) + ATP + H2O -> bile acid(out) + ADP + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: peptide antigen(in) + ATP = peptide antigen(out) + ADP + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: peptide antigen(in) + ATP = peptide antigen(out) + ADP + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: peptide antigen(in) + ATP = peptide antigen(out) + ADP + phosphate.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cd (cytosol) = ADP + phosphate + Cd (vacuole).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cd (cytosol) = ADP + phosphate + Cd (vacuole).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cd (cytosol) = ADP + phosphate + Cd (vacuole).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + capsular polysaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + capsular polysaccharide(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + capsular polysaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + capsular polysaccharide(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + lipopolysaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + lipopolysaccharide(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + lipopolysaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + lipopolysaccharide(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + lipopolysaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + lipopolysaccharide(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + teichoic acid(in) = ADP + phosphate + teichoic acid(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + teichoic acid(in) = ADP + phosphate + teichoic acid(out).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + heme(in) = ADP + phosphate + heme(out).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + heme(in) = ADP + phosphate + heme(out).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + heme(in) = ADP + phosphate + heme(out).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + peptide(in) = ADP + phosphate + peptide(out). Peptides exported include alpha-hemolysin, cyclolysin, colicin V and siderophores from Gram-negative bacteria, and bacteriocin, subtilin, competence factor and pediocin from Gram-positive bacteria.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + peptide(in) = ADP + phosphate + peptide(out). Peptides exported include alpha-hemolysin, cyclolysin, colicin V and siderophores from Gram-negative bacteria, and bacteriocin, subtilin, competence factor and pediocin from Gram-positive bacteria.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + beta-glucan(in) = ADP + phosphate + beta-glucan(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + beta-glucan(in) = ADP + phosphate + beta-glucan(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) = ATP + H2O + Na+(in), by a rotational mechanism.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) = ATP + H2O + Na+(in), by a rotational mechanism.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mg2+(out) -> ADP + phosphate + Mg2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mg2+(out) -> ADP + phosphate + Mg2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mg2+(out) -> ADP + phosphate + Mg2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mg2+(out) -> ADP + phosphate + Mg2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mg2+(out) -> ADP + phosphate + Mg2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ag+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Ag+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ag+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Ag+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ag+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Ag+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arsenite(in) = ADP + phosphate + arsenite(out).
Primary active carrier-mediated transport of a protein across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated.
Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane driven by decarboxylation of a cytoplasmic substrate. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source.
Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane driven by a methyl transfer reaction. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source.
Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by exothermic flow of electrons from a reduced substrate to an oxidized substrate. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source.
Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by light. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source.
Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by light. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source.
Modulates potassium channel activity via direct interaction interaction with a potassium channel (binding or modification).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + protein(out) = ADP + phosphate + protein(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + protein(out) = ADP + phosphate + protein(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + protein(out) = ADP + phosphate + protein(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + protein(out) = ADP + phosphate + protein(in).
Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by a G protein. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by a G protein. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by a G protein. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by a G protein. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by a G protein. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by a G protein. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components by an organism to form a pore complex in a membrane of another organism.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components by an organism to form a pore complex in a membrane of another organism.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components by an organism to form a pore complex in a membrane of another organism.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components by an organism to form a pore complex in a membrane of another organism.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components by an organism to form a pore complex in a membrane of another organism.
Enables the energy independent passage of nucleoside, sized less than 1000 Da, across a membrane. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.
A porin that acts in the assembly of fimbria together with fimbrial chaperone.
Transports a passenger protein from the periplasm to the external milieu; the passenger protein and the porin are the N- and C-terminal regions of the same protein, respectively.
Enables the transfer of adhesin from the periplasm to the external milieu; the adhesin and the porin are the N- and C-terminal regions of the same protein, respectively.
Enables the transfer of hemaglutinin from the periplasm to the external milieu; the hemaglutinin and the porin are the N- and C-terminal regions of the same protein, respectively.
Enables the transfer of oligosaccharide, sized less than 1000 Da, from one side of a membrane to the other. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.
The component of the cell outer membrane consisting of the gene products having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
The component of the cell outer membrane consisting of the gene products having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
The component of the cell outer membrane consisting of the gene products having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
Enables the transfer of maltose from one side of a membrane to the other. Maltose is the disaccharide 4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose, an intermediate in the enzymatic breakdown of glycogen and starch. This transporter is a porin so enables the energy independent passage of substances, sized less than 1000 Da, across a membrane. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.
Enables the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22. This transporter is a porin and so enables the energy independent passage of substances, sized less than 1000 Da, across a membrane. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.
The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in the host organism by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in the host organism by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in the host organism by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in the host organism by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in the host organism by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cholesterol (cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol); the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: (glycoside, pentoside or hexuronide)(out) + monovalent cation(out) = (glycoside, pentoside or hexuronide)(in) + monovalent cation(in). The cation is Na+, Li+ or H+.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: melibiose(out) + monovalent cation(out) = melibiose(in) + monovalent cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: melibiose(out) + monovalent cation(out) = melibiose(in) + monovalent cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucuronide(out) + monovalent cation(out) = glucuronide(in) + monovalent cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucuronide(out) + monovalent cation(out) = glucuronide(in) + monovalent cation(in).
Enables the transfer of putrescine from one side of a membrane to the other. Putrescine is 1,4-diaminobutane, the polyamine formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.
Enables the transfer of cadaverine, 1,5-pentanediamine, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cation A(out) + cation B(in) = cation A(in) + cation B(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: phenylalanine(out) + H+(out) = phenylalanine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lysine(out) + H+(out) = lysine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: aromatic amino acid(out) + H+(out) = aromatic amino acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: putrescine(out) + ornithine(in) = putrescine(in) + ornithine(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: putrescine(out) + ornithine(in) = putrescine(in) + ornithine(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: putrescine(out) + ornithine(in) = putrescine(in) + ornithine(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: pantothenate(out) + Na+(out) = pantothenate(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of formate from one side of a membrane to the other. Formate is also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
Enables the transfer of formate from one side of a membrane to the other. Formate is also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
Enables the transfer of formate from one side of a membrane to the other. Formate is also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glutamate(out) + Na+(out) = glutamate(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glutamate(out) + Na+(out) = glutamate(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glutamate(out) + Na+(out) = glutamate(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(in) + H+(out) = K+(out) + H+(in), where glutathione maintains the closed state.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cytosine(out) + H+(out) = cytosine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cytosine(out) + H+(out) = cytosine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: uracil(out) + cation(out) = uracil(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + H+(out) = nucleoside(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + H+(out) = nucleoside(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + H+(out) = nucleoside(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + H+(out) = nucleoside(in) + H+(in).
Catalysis of the transfer of nitrite from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
Enables the transfer of nitrite from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: citrate(out) + succinate(in) = citrate(in) + succinate(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: tartrate(out) + succinate(in) = tartrate(in) + succinate(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: arabinose(out) + H+(out) = arabinose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: arabinose(out) + H+(out) = arabinose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: arabinose(out) + H+(out) = arabinose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: arabinose(out) + H+(out) = arabinose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: D-xylose(out) + H+(out) = D-xylose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + tetracycline(in) = H+(in) + tetracycline(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + tetracycline(in) = H+(in) + tetracycline(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + tetracycline(in) = H+(in) + tetracycline(out).
Enables the transfer of bicyclomycin from one side of a membrane to the other. Bicyclomycin (or bicozamycin) is an antibacterial drug often used as a livestock feed additive.
Enables the transfer of bicyclomycin from one side of a membrane to the other. Bicyclomycin (or bicozamycin) is an antibacterial drug often used as a livestock feed additive.
Enables the transfer of sulfathiazole from one side of a membrane to the other. Sulfathiazole is an antibacterial agent of the sulfonamide group.
Enables the transfer of sulfathiazole from one side of a membrane to the other. Sulfathiazole is an antibacterial agent of the sulfonamide group.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + azole(in) = H+(in) + azole(out). Azoles are heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + azole(in) = H+(in) + azole(out). Azoles are heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hydrophobic uncoupler(in) + H+(out) = hydrophobic uncoupler(out) + H+(in). Hydrophobic uncouplers include CCCP, benzalkonium and SDS.
Enables the transfer of nalidixic acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Nalidixic acid is a synthetic antibiotic that interferes with DNA gyrase and inhibits prokaryotic replication.
Enables the transfer of nalidixic acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Nalidixic acid is a synthetic antibiotic that interferes with DNA gyrase and inhibits prokaryotic replication.
Enables the transfer of organomercurial compounds from one side of a membrane to the other. Organomercurial substances are any organic compound containing a mercury atom.
Enables the transfer of organomercurial compounds from one side of a membrane to the other. Organomercurial substances are any organic compound containing a mercury atom.
Enables the transfer of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone from one side of a membrane to the other. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone is a proton ionophore, commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.
Enables the transfer of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone from one side of a membrane to the other. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone is a proton ionophore, commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.
Enables the transfer of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone from one side of a membrane to the other. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone is a proton ionophore, commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexose phosphate(out) + inorganic phosphate(in) = hexose phosphate(in) + inorganic phosphate(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glycerol phosphate(out) + inorganic phosphate(in) = glycerol phosphate(in) + inorganic phosphate(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: raffinose(out) + H+(out) = raffinose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of shikimate from one side of a membrane to the other. Shikimate is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: citrate(out) + H+(out) = citrate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alpha-ketoglutarate(out) + H+(out) = alpha-ketoglutarate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alpha-ketoglutarate(out) + H+(out) = alpha-ketoglutarate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alpha-ketoglutarate(out) + H+(out) = alpha-ketoglutarate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: shikimate(out) + H+(out) = shikimate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: fucose(out) + H+(out) = fucose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: xanthosine(out) + H+(out) = xanthosine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: xanthosine(out) + H+(out) = xanthosine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sialate(out) + H+(out) = sialate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sialate(out) + H+(out) = sialate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexuronate(out) + cation(out) = hexuronate(in) + cation(in). The hexuronate may be glucuronate or galacturonate.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexuronate(out) + cation(out) = hexuronate(in) + cation(in). The hexuronate may be glucuronate or galacturonate.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: 3-hydroxyphenyl propionate(out) + H+(out) = 3-hydroxyphenyl propionate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: 3-hydroxyphenyl propionate(out) + H+(out) = 3-hydroxyphenyl propionate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of cyanate from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of phenyl propionate from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of galacturonate from one side of a membrane to the other. Galacturonate is the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.
Enables the transfer of 3-hydroxyphenyl propanoate from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of propionate from one side of a membrane to the other. Propionate (or propanoate) is the organic acid CH3-CH2-COOH.
Enables the transfer of xanthosine, xanthine riboside, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of tartrate from one side of a membrane to the other. Tartrate is the anion of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, one of the aldaric acids. The L(+) enantiomer occurs widely in plants, especially in grape juice, and in fungi and bacteria.
Enables the transfer of C4-dicarboxylate from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the directed movement of fully folded proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by targeting the proteins to the transporter via a specialized N-terminal twin arginine signal peptide.
Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid.
Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid.
Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid.
Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid.
Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-idonate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-idonate is an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: rhamnose(out) + H+(out) = rhamnose(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of threonine from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of threonine from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of threonine from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the directed movement of acriflavin from one side of a membrane to the other. Acriflavin is a fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.
Enables the directed movement of acriflavin from one side of a membrane to the other. Acriflavin is a fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.
Enables the directed movement of acriflavin from one side of a membrane to the other. Acriflavin is a fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.
Enables the directed movement of acriflavin from one side of a membrane to the other. Acriflavin is a fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.
Enables the transfer of alkanes from one side of a membrane to the other. Alkanes are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. N-acetylgalactosamine, 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranose, is the n-acetyl derivative of galactosamine.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. N-acetylgalactosamine, 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranose, is the n-acetyl derivative of galactosamine.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.
Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.
Enables the transfer of beta-glucosides from one side of a membrane to the other. Beta-glucosides are glycosides in which the sugar group is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in a beta configuration.
Enables the transfer of beta-glucosides from one side of a membrane to the other. Beta-glucosides are glycosides in which the sugar group is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in a beta configuration.
Enables the transfer of trehalose from one side of a membrane to the other. Trehalose is the disaccharide alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside that acts of a reserve carbohydrate in certain fungi, algae and lichens.
Enables the transfer of trehalose from one side of a membrane to the other. Trehalose is the disaccharide alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside that acts of a reserve carbohydrate in certain fungi, algae and lichens.
Enables the transfer of mannitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannitol is the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
Enables the transfer of mannitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannitol is the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
Enables the transfer of sorbitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of glucose.
Enables the transfer of sorbitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of glucose.
Enables the transfer of sorbitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of glucose.
Enables the transfer of sorbitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of glucose.
Enables the transfer of a galactitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Galactitol is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
Enables the transfer of a galactitol from one side of a membrane to the other. Galactitol is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
Enables the transfer of mannose from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannose is the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
Enables the transfer of mannose from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannose is the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
Enables the transfer of D-ribose from one side of a membrane to the other. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12.
Enables the transfer of methylgalactoside from one side of a membrane to the other. Methylgalactoside is a compound in which the H of the OH group on carbon-1 of galactose is replaced by a methyl group.
Enables the transfer of allose from one side of a membrane to the other. Allose is an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + putrescine(out) -> ADP + phosphate + putrescine(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + spermidine(out) -> ADP + phosphate + spermidine(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + arginine(out) -> ADP + phosphate + arginine(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + glutamine(out) -> ADP + phosphate + glutamine(in).
Enables the transfer of L-diaminopimelate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-diaminopimelate is the L-enantiomer anion of 2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid.
Enables the transfer of L-diaminopimelate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-diaminopimelate is the L-enantiomer anion of 2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid.
Enables the transfer of an iron chelate from one side of a membrane to the other. An iron chelate is a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions.
Enables the transfer of phosphonate from one side of a membrane to the other. A phosphonate is any salt, anion, or ester of phosphonic acid (HPO(OH)2).
Enables the transfer of organophosphate esters from one side of a membrane to the other. Organophosphate esters are small organic molecules containing phosphate ester bonds.
Enables the transfer of spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a fatty acyl CoA group from one side of a membrane to the other. A fatty acyl CoA group is any acyl group derived from a fatty acid with a coenzyme A group attached to it.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + carbohydrate(out) -> ADP + phosphate + carbohydrate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + carbohydrate(out) -> ADP + phosphate + carbohydrate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + maltooligosaccharide(out) -> ADP + phosphate + maltooligosaccharide(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + glycerol-phosphate(out) -> ADP + phosphate + glycerol-phosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + D-ribose(out) -> ADP + phosphate + D-ribose(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + L-arabinose(out) -> ADP + phosphate + L-arabinose(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + D-xylose(out) -> ADP + phosphate + D-xylose(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + D-allose(out) -> ADP + phosphate + D-allose(in).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive movement along a single- or double-stranded DNA molecule.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + thiamine pyrophosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + thiamine pyrophosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + thiamine pyrophosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + thiamine pyrophosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + thiamine pyrophosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + thiamine pyrophosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + thiamine pyrophosphate(out) = ADP + phosphate + thiamine pyrophosphate(in).
Enables the transfer of ferric-enterobactin from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of ferric triacetylfusarinine C from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of ferric-hydroxamate from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + iron chelate(out) = ADP + phosphate + iron chelate(in). Fe-enterobactin, Fe-dicitrate, Fe-hydroxamate and other siderophores are imported.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + iron chelate(out) = ADP + phosphate + iron chelate(in). Fe-enterobactin, Fe-dicitrate, Fe-hydroxamate and other siderophores are imported.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + iron chelate(out) = ADP + phosphate + iron chelate(in). Fe-enterobactin, Fe-dicitrate, Fe-hydroxamate and other siderophores are imported.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + iron chelate(out) = ADP + phosphate + iron chelate(in). Fe-enterobactin, Fe-dicitrate, Fe-hydroxamate and other siderophores are imported.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ferric-enterobactin(out) = ADP + phosphate + ferric-enterobactin(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ferric-enterobactin(out) = ADP + phosphate + ferric-enterobactin(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ferric-hydroxamate(out) = ADP + phosphate + ferric-hydroxamate(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ferric-hydroxamate(out) = ADP + phosphate + ferric-hydroxamate(in).
A large protein complex, containing 12-15 subunits, that spans the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria and mediates the movement of proteins into the extracellular environment. The complex includes a component in the cytoplasm, an inner membrane subcomplex that reaches into the periplasmic compartment and a secretion pore in the outer membrane. Proteins using the Type II pathway are transported across the cytoplasmic membrane by the Sec or Tat complex.
A large protein complex, containing 12-15 subunits, that spans the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria and mediates the movement of proteins into the extracellular environment. The complex includes a component in the cytoplasm, an inner membrane subcomplex that reaches into the periplasmic compartment and a secretion pore in the outer membrane. Proteins using the Type II pathway are transported across the cytoplasmic membrane by the Sec or Tat complex.
A large protein complex, containing 12-15 subunits, that spans the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria and mediates the movement of proteins into the extracellular environment. The complex includes a component in the cytoplasm, an inner membrane subcomplex that reaches into the periplasmic compartment and a secretion pore in the outer membrane. Proteins using the Type II pathway are transported across the cytoplasmic membrane by the Sec or Tat complex.
A large protein complex, containing 12-15 subunits, that spans the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria and mediates the movement of proteins into the extracellular environment. The complex includes a component in the cytoplasm, an inner membrane subcomplex that reaches into the periplasmic compartment and a secretion pore in the outer membrane. Proteins using the Type II pathway are transported across the cytoplasmic membrane by the Sec or Tat complex.
A large protein complex, containing 12-15 subunits, that spans the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria and mediates the movement of proteins into the extracellular environment. The complex includes a component in the cytoplasm, an inner membrane subcomplex that reaches into the periplasmic compartment and a secretion pore in the outer membrane. Proteins using the Type II pathway are transported across the cytoplasmic membrane by the Sec or Tat complex.
The process in which proteins are secreted across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria by the type II secretion system. Proteins using this pathway are first translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane via the Sec or Tat pathways.
The process in which proteins are secreted across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria by the type II secretion system. Proteins using this pathway are first translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane via the Sec or Tat pathways.
The process in which proteins are secreted across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria by the type II secretion system. Proteins using this pathway are first translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane via the Sec or Tat pathways.
The process in which proteins are secreted across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria by the type II secretion system. Proteins using this pathway are first translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane via the Sec or Tat pathways.
The process in which proteins are secreted across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria by the type II secretion system. Proteins using this pathway are first translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane via the Sec or Tat pathways.
The process in which proteins are secreted across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria by the type II secretion system. Proteins using this pathway are first translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane via the Sec or Tat pathways.
The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes.
The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of tubulin, including microtubules.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(in).
Enables the transfer of lipopolysaccharide from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane. A lipopolysaccharide is any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide.
Enables the transfer of short-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Short-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
Enables the transfer of short-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Short-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
Enables the transfer of short-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Short-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
Enables the transfer of a microcin from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the transfer of peptidoglycan peptides from one side of a membrane to the other. Peptidoglycan peptides are the oligopeptides found in peptidoglycan networks which cross-link the polysaccharide chains.
Enables the transfer of peptidoglycan peptides from one side of a membrane to the other. Peptidoglycan peptides are the oligopeptides found in peptidoglycan networks which cross-link the polysaccharide chains.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a toxic substance, a poisonous substance that causes damage to biological systems.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a toxic substance, a poisonous substance that causes damage to biological systems.
Catalysis of the ligation of a fatty acid to an acceptor, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.
Catalysis of the ligation of a fatty acid to an acceptor, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.
Catalysis of the ligation of a fatty acid to an acceptor, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.
Catalysis of the ligation of a fatty acid to an acceptor, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.
Catalysis of the ligation of a fatty acid to an acceptor, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.
Catalysis of the ligation of a fatty acid to an acceptor, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.
Enables the transfer of peptidoglycans, a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls, from one side of a membrane to the other.
Enables the directed movement of lipid-linked peptidoglycans into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate(out) + H+(out) = 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactate (out) + H+ (out) = lactate (in) + H+ (in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactate (out) + H+ (out) = lactate (in) + H+ (in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactate (out) + H+ (out) = lactate (in) + H+ (in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactate (out) + H+ (out) = lactate (in) + H+ (in).
Enables the transfer of quaternary ammonium groups from one side of a membrane to the other. Quaternary ammonium groups are any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.
Enables the transfer of quaternary ammonium groups from one side of a membrane to the other. Quaternary ammonium groups are any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.
Enables the transfer of quaternary ammonium groups from one side of a membrane to the other. Quaternary ammonium groups are any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: quaternary ammonium group(out) + H+(out) = quaternary ammonium group(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glycine betaine(out) + H+(out) = glycine betaine(in) + H+(in).
Enables the transfer of tellurite from one side of a membrane to the other. Tellurite is a salt of tellurous acid or an oxide of tellurium which occurs sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals.
Enables the transfer of tellurite from one side of a membrane to the other. Tellurite is a salt of tellurous acid or an oxide of tellurium which occurs sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals.
Enables the transfer of tellurite from one side of a membrane to the other. Tellurite is a salt of tellurous acid or an oxide of tellurium which occurs sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals.
Enables the transfer of tellurite from one side of a membrane to the other. Tellurite is a salt of tellurous acid or an oxide of tellurium which occurs sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alanine(out) + Na+(out) = alanine(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alanine(out) + Na+(out) = alanine(in) + Na+(in).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: branched-chain amino acid(out) + cation(out) = branched-chain amino acid(in) + cation(in).
Enables the transfer of branched-chain amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
Enables the transfer of branched-chain amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
Enables the transfer of branched-chain amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
Enables the transfer of branched-chain amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
Enables the transfer of branched-chain amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
Enables the transfer of formate from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of formate from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of L-lysine from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the transfer of L-lysine from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.
Enables the directed movement of nicotinamide mononucleotide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a ribonucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-n-glycosidic linkage with the c-1 position of d-ribose. It is a constituent of NAD and NADP.
Enables the directed movement of nicotinamide mononucleotide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a ribonucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-n-glycosidic linkage with the c-1 position of d-ribose. It is a constituent of NAD and NADP.
Enables the directed movement of nicotinamide mononucleotide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a ribonucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-n-glycosidic linkage with the c-1 position of d-ribose. It is a constituent of NAD and NADP.
Enables the transfer of an alcohol from one side of a membrane to the other. An alcohol is any carbon compound that contains a hydroxyl group.
Catalysis of endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA in a site-specific manner, resulting in double-strand breaks.
Catalysis of endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA in a site-specific manner, resulting in double-strand breaks.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to give double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. ATP hydrolysis is required. Cleavage is dependent on the presence of two copies of a specific recognition sequence in an inverse orientation in the DNA. Cleavage occurs at a specific distance from one of the recognition sites.
The directed movement of substances that are gaseous in normal living conditions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of carbon dioxide (CO2) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of oxygen (O2) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of one into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage.
The directed movement of silver (Ag) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nickel (Ni) cations into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of vanadium (V) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of copper ions into a cell or organelle.
The directed movement of copper ions across the plasma membrane.
A process that contributes to the delivery of copper ions to a target protein.
A process that contributes to the delivery of copper ions to a target protein.
A process that contributes to the delivery of copper ions to a target protein.
The directed movement of ferric iron (Fe(III) or Fe3+) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of ferrous iron (Fe(II) or Fe2+) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of ferric-enterobactin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of ferric triacetylfusarinine C into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of ferric-hydroxamate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of iron chelates into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An iron chelate is a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions.
The directed movement of molybdate (MoO4 2-) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Molybdate is the bivalent anion derived from molybdic acid.
The directed movement of aluminum (Al) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of aluminum (Al) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of aluminum (Al) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of aluminum (Al) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of cadmium (Cd) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lead (Pb) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of magnesium (Mg) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of mercury (Hg) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of mercury (Hg) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of organic cations into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.
The directed movement of ammonium into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Ammonium is the cation NH4+ which is formed from N2 by root-nodule bacteria in leguminous plants and is an excretory product in ammonotelic animals.
The directed movement into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore of quaternary ammonium compounds, any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.
The directed movement into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore of quaternary ammonium compounds, any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.
The directed movement into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore of quaternary ammonium compounds, any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.
The directed movement of inorganic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage.
The directed movement of antimonite into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of arsenite into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of bicarbonate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of chlorate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of chromate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of iodide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nitrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nitrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nitrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nitrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nitrite into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of silicates from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.
The directed movement of silicates from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.
The directed movement of silicates from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.
The directed movement of silicates from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.
The directed movement of silicates from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.
The directed movement of silicates from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.
The directed movement of thiosulfate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of tellurite into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.
The directed movement of hexose phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The process in which phosphoglycerate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
The directed movement of phosphoenolpyruvate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nucleotide sulfate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of phosphonates into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A phosphonate is any salt, anion, or ester of phosphonic acid (HPO(OH)2).
The directed movement of triose phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of monocarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of bile acid and bile salts into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of bile acid and bile salts into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
Enables the transfer of bile acid from one side of a hepatocyte plasma membrane into a bile canaliculus. Bile canaliculi are the thin tubes formed by hepatocyte membranes. Bile acids are any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine.
The directed movement of bilirubin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of formate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The process in which L-idonate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. L-idonate is an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose.
The directed movement of lactate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lactate is 2-hydroxypropanoate, CH3-CHOH-COOH; L(+)-lactate is formed by anaerobic glycolysis in animal tissues, and DL-lactate is found in sour milk, molasses and certain fruit juices.
The directed movement of mevalonate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of oxaloacetate, the anion of oxobutanedioic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of propionate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of 3-hydroxyphenyl propanoate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of prostaglandins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The process in which shikimate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
The directed movement of taurine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The process in which uronic acid is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
The process in which hexuronate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. A hexuronate is any monocarboxylic acid derived from a hexose by oxidation of C-6.
The process in which galacturonate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
The process in which glucuronate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
The directed movement of sialic acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of a C4-dicarboxylate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A C4-dicarboxylate is the anion of a dicarboxylic acid that contains four carbon atoms.
The directed movement of fumarate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of succinate, the dianion of ethane dicarboxylic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The process in which tartrate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
The directed movement of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of urate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of urate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of organophosphate esters into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organophosphate esters are small organic molecules containing phosphate ester bonds.
The process in which a monosaccharide is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides.
The process in which a monosaccharide is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides.
The process in which pentose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. A pentose is any aldose with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The process in which arabinose, a pentose monosaccharide that occurs in both D and L configurations, is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
The process in which D-ribose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12.
The process in which D-xylose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. D-xylose (the naturally occurring enantiomer is always D-) is a constituent of plant polysaccharides.
The process in which allose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Allose is an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.
The directed movement of fructose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey.
The process in which fucose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Fucose is 6-deoxygalactose and has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose.
The process in which galactose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose.
The directed movement of beta-glucosides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Beta-glucosides are glycosides in which the sugar group is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in a beta configuration.
The directed movement of glucose-6-phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Glucose-6-phosphate is a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-6.
The process in which mannose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannose is the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
The process in which rhamnose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids.
The directed movement of N-acetylgalactosamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. N-acetylgalactosamine, 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranose, is the n-acetyl derivative of galactosamine.
The directed movement of N-acetylglucosamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of methylgalactoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Methylgalactoside is a compound in which the H of the OH group on carbon-1 of galactose is replaced by a methyl group.
The directed movement of disaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Disaccharides are sugars composed of two monosaccharide units.
The directed movement of lactose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lactose is a disaccharide 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose, and constitutes roughly 5% of the milk in almost all mammals.
The directed movement of maltose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Maltose is the disaccharide 4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose, an intermediate in the catabolism of glycogen and starch.
The directed movement of melibiose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Melibiose is the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose.
The directed movement of sucrose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Sucrose is the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.
The directed movement of trehalose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Trehalose is a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.
The directed movement of oligosaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligosaccharides are molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages.
The directed movement of raffinose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Raffinose occurs in plants almost as commonly as sucrose and is present in cereal grains, cotton seeds, and many legumes. It is synthesized from sucrose by transfer of a galactopyranoside from myo-inositol.
The directed movement of polysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.
The directed movement of beta-glucans into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Beta-glucans are compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-glucosidic bonds.
The directed movement of capsular polysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Capsular polysaccharides make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.
The directed movement of capsular polysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Capsular polysaccharides make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.
The directed movement of teichoic acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Teichoic acid is any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.
The directed movement of hexuronide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Hexuronides are any compound formed by combination of glycosidic linkage of a hydroxy compound (e.g. an alcohol or a saccharide) with the anomeric carbon atom of a hexuronate.
The directed movement of glucuronosides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Glucuronosides are any compound formed by combination of glycosidic linkage of a hydroxy compound (e.g. an alcohol or a saccharide) with the anomeric carbon atom of glucuronate.
The directed movement of nucleotide-sugars into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Nucleotide-sugars are any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.
The directed movement of CMP-N-acetylneuraminate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of CMP-N-acetylneuraminate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of GDP-fucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. GDP-fucose is a substance composed of fucose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The process in which UDP-glucose is transported across a membrane.
The directed movement of UDP-glucuronic acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. UDP-glucuronic acid is a substance composed of glucuronic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The directed movement of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine is a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The directed movement of UDP-xylose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. UDP-xylose is a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The directed movement of polyols, any polyhydric alcohol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The process in which arabitol is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Arabitol is the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.
The process in which arabitol is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Arabitol is the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.
The directed movement of glycerol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Glycerol is 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.
The process in which glycerol-3-phosphate is transported across a membrane. Glycerol-3-phosphate is a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.
The directed movement of sorbitol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of glucose.
The directed movement of galactitol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Galactitol is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The directed movement of mannitol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Mannitol is the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The directed movement of myo-inositol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Myo-inositol is 1,2,3,4,5/4,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The directed movement of propanediol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Propanediol is a sweet colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid used as an antifreeze and in brake fluid; it is also as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care items, although it can be absorbed through the skin with harmful effects.
The directed movement of acidic amino acids, amino acids with a pH below 7, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of aromatic amino acids, amino acids with aromatic ring, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of basic amino acids, amino acids with a pH above 7, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of branched-chain amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
The directed movement of branched-chain amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
The directed movement of branched-chain amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
The directed movement of branched-chain amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.
The directed movement of neutral amino acids, amino acids with no net charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of S-methylmethionine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of L-enantiomer amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of L-alanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of arginine, 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of L-cystine (also known as dicysteine) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate, the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of glycine, aminoethanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of methionine, 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of ornithine, 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of phenylalanine, 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of proline, pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of threonine, (2R*,3S*)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of tryptophan, 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of tyrosine, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of diaminopimelate, the anion of 2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of peptidoglycan peptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Peptidoglycan peptides are the oligopeptides found in peptidoglycan networks which cross-link the polysaccharide chains.
The directed movement of peptidoglycan peptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Peptidoglycan peptides are the oligopeptides found in peptidoglycan networks which cross-link the polysaccharide chains.
The directed movement of peptidoglycan peptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Peptidoglycan peptides are the oligopeptides found in peptidoglycan networks which cross-link the polysaccharide chains.
The directed movement of peptidoglycans, a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of lipid-linked peptidoglycans into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of amines, including polyamines, organic compounds containing one or more amino groups, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of cadaverine, 1,5-pentanediamine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of urea into, out of or within the cell. Urea is the water-soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2.
The directed movement of amines into, out of or within chromaffin granules.
The active transport of aminergic neurotransmitters into a synaptic vesicle.  This import is fuelled by an electrochemical gradient across the vesicle membrane, established by the action proton pumps.
The directed movement of methylammonium into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of monoamines, organic compounds that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by an ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-), into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of polyamines, organic compounds containing two or more amino groups, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of putrescine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Putrescine is 1,4-diaminobutane, the polyamine formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.
The directed movement of spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, a polyamine formed by the transfer of a propylamine group from decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine to putrescine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of an organic hydroxy compound (organic alcohol) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An organic hydroxy compound is an organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom.
The directed movement of a nucleobase, any nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleoside, nucleotide, or nucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of adenine, 6-aminopurine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of pyrimidine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of pyrimidine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of pyrimidine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of pyrimidine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide), into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide), within a cell.
The process in which a purine nucleoside is transported across a membrane. A purine nucleoside is a purine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar.
The process in which a purine nucleoside is transported across a membrane. A purine nucleoside is a purine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar.
The process in which a purine nucleoside is transported across a membrane. A purine nucleoside is a purine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar.
The directed movement of cytidine, cytosine riboside, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of uridine, uracil riboside, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of xanthosine, xanthine riboside, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of a pyrimidine nucleoside, a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of a purine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell.
The directed movement of ADP, adenosine diphosphate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of ATP, adenosine triphosphate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside (a purine organic base attached to a ribose sugar) esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell.
The directed movement of protein-DNA complexes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of acetylcholine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions.
The directed movement of choline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
The directed movement of dopamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.
The directed movement of norepinephrine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.
The directed movement of norepinephrine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.
The directed movement of vitamins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A vitamin is one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body.
The directed movement of a cofactor into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A cofactor is a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.
The directed movement of acetyl-CoA into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Acetyl-CoA is a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated; it is a metabolite derived from several pathways (e.g. glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, amino-acid catabolism) and is further metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is a key intermediate in lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis.
The directed movement of biopterin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Biopterin is a growth factor for certain protozoans and some insects; it is widely distributed in tissues and functions in a reduced form, tetrahydrobiopterin, as a hydroxylation coenzyme.
The directed movement of biotin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.
The directed movement of biotin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.
The directed movement of carnitine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carnitine is a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The directed movement of coenzyme A into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, is an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The directed movement of creatine across a membrane.
The directed movement of creatine across a membrane.
The process in which L-ascorbic acid is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species.
The process in which L-ascorbic acid is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species.
The process in which L-ascorbic acid is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species.
The directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
The directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.
The directed movement of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.
The directed movement of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.
The directed movement of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.
The directed movement of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, the formylated derivative of tetrahydrofolate, into, out of, within, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The process in which pantothenate is transported across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The process in which pantothenate is transported across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The process in which pantothenate is transported across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The directed movement of thiamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
The directed movement of thiamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
The directed movement of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of nicotinamide mononucleotide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a ribonucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-n-glycosidic linkage with the c-1 position of D-ribose. It is a constituent of NAD and NADP.
The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The directed movement of acriflavine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Acriflavine is a fluorescent dye used as a local antiseptic and also as a biological stain. It intercalates into nucleic acids thereby inhibiting bacterial and viral replication.
The directed movement of alkanes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Alkanes are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds.
The directed movement of nalidixic acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Nalidixic acid is a synthetic antibiotic that interferes with DNA gyrase and inhibits prokaryotic replication.
The process in which an organomercurial compound is transported across a membrane.nOrganomercurial substances are any organic compound containing a mercury atom.
The directed movement amiloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Amiloride is a potent and specific inhibitor of sodium ion entry into cells. It is used as a potassium-sparing diuretic.
The directed movement of aminotriazole into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Aminotriazole is an effective weed killer that also possesses some antithyroid activity.
The directed movement of benomyl into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Benomyl, methyl 1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazolecarbamate, is a systemic agricultural fungicide used for control of certain fungal diseases of stone fruit.
The directed movement of cycloheximide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Cycloheximide is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces which interferes with protein synthesis in eukaryotes.
The directed movement of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone is a proton ionophore, commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.
The directed movement of fluconazole into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fluconazole is an antifungal drug used for oral candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis; it is still under study for treatment of vaginal candidiasis and other fungal infections.
The directed movement of tetracycline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Tetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic that blocks binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosomes of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms (and those of organelles).
The directed movement of bicyclomycin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Bicyclomycin (or bicozamycin) is an antibacterial drug often used as a livestock feed additive.
The directed movement of sulfathiazole into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Sulfathiazole is an antibacterial agent of the sulfonamide group.
The directed movement of fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
The directed movement of long-chain fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.
The directed movement of long-chain fatty acids into a peroxisome. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.
The directed movement of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.
The directed movement of short-chain fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Short-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
The directed movement of short-chain fatty acids into a cell or organelle. Short-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.
The directed movement of fatty acyl groups into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A fatty acyl group is any acyl group derived from a fatty acid.
The directed movement of fatty acyl coenzyme A into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acyl coenzyme A is an acyl group linked to 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine (coenzyme A).
The directed movement of fatty acyl coenzyme A into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acyl coenzyme A is an acyl group linked to 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine (coenzyme A).
The directed movement of fatty acyl coenzyme A into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acyl coenzyme A is an acyl group linked to 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine (coenzyme A).
The directed movement of aminophospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Aminophospholipids contain phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester and an amino (NH2) group.
The directed movement of sterols into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Sterols are steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The directed movement of substances to, from or across the peroxisomal membrane.
The directed movement of lipopolysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A lipopolysaccharide is any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide.
The directed movement of lipopolysaccharides out of a cell or organelle.
Catalysis of the reaction: aspartate + O2 = iminosuccinate + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of mannosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of mannose or a mannose derivative.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal alpha-D-mannose residues in oligo-mannose oligosaccharides.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of galactosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of galactose or a galactose derivative.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of glucosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of glucose or a glucose derivative.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of trehalose or a trehalose derivative.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of fucosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of fucose or a fucose derivative.
Catalysis of the cleavage of hexosamine or N-acetylhexosamine residues (e.g. N-acetylglucosamine) residues from gangliosides or other glycoside oligosaccharides.
Catalysis of the formation of L-glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate from L-glutamate, using NADH, NADPH or ferredoxin as hydrogen acceptors.
The directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
Enables the transfer of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids from one side of a membrane to the other.
The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site).
The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which formate is converted to CO2.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methanol, CH3-OH, a colorless, flammable, mobile, poisonous liquid, widely used as a solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of methanol to methyl-Coenzyme M.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4. It is the simplest of the alkanes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4. It is the simplest of the alkanes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4. It is the simplest of the alkanes.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a nucleobase, nucleoside or nucleotide small molecule is synthesized from another nucleobase, nucleoside or nucleotide small molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a purine nucleotide is synthesized from another purine nucleotide.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a purine ribonucleotide is synthesized from another purine ribonucleotide.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a purine deoxyribonucleotide is synthesized from another purine deoxyribonucleotide.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a pyrimidine nucleotide is synthesized from another pyrimidine nucleotide.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a pyrimidine ribonucleotide is synthesized from another pyrimidine ribonucleotide.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide is synthesized from another pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a bis(5'-nucleosidyl) oligophosphate, a compound formed of two nucleosides joined together through their 5' carbons by a chain of phosphate molecules.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine triphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with three phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.
A specific global change in the metabolism of a bacterial cell (the downregulation of nucleic acid and protein synthesis, and the simultaneous upregulation of protein degradation and amino acid synthesis) as a result of starvation.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from inorganic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from inorganic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from inorganic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.
A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary carbon sources and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary carbon source and to transport and metabolize alternative carbon sources such as carbon dioxide or carbonic acid. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects carbon levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize carbon-containing substances, and ends when carbon is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.
A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary carbon sources and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary carbon source and to transport and metabolize alternative carbon sources such as carbon dioxide or carbonic acid. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects carbon levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize carbon-containing substances, and ends when carbon is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.
A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary carbon sources and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary carbon source and to transport and metabolize alternative carbon sources such as carbon dioxide or carbonic acid. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects carbon levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize carbon-containing substances, and ends when carbon is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.
A metabolic process in which carbon (usually derived from carbon dioxide) is incorporated into organic compounds (usually carbohydrates).
A metabolic process in which carbon (usually derived from carbon dioxide) is incorporated into organic compounds (usually carbohydrates).
A metabolic process in which carbon (usually derived from carbon dioxide) is incorporated into organic compounds (usually carbohydrates).
A metabolic process in which carbon (usually derived from carbon dioxide) is incorporated into organic compounds (usually carbohydrates).
The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.
The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that provides energy for the synthesis of ATP or GTP.
The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis.
The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers GTP synthesis.
The transport of protons across a membrane and against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from a source such as ATP hydrolysis, light, or electron transport.
The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from light.
The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from electron transport.
The transport of protons against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from ATP hydrolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, into less complex products.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, into less complex products.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, into less complex products.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + acceptor + 3 H2O = sulfite + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + acceptor + 3 H2O = sulfite + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + acceptor + 3 H2O = sulfite + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + acceptor + 3 H2O = sulfite + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + acceptor + 3 H2O = sulfite + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + acceptor + 3 H2O = sulfite + reduced acceptor.
Increases the activity of a phospholipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid.
Increases the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A2.
A product of the fusion of the mitochondria during spermatogenesis. After the completion of meiosis the mitochondria of the spermatid collect along side the nucleus and fuse into two masses; these wrap around each other to produce the spherical Nebenkern. During flagellum elongation the Nebenkern unfolds and the two derivatives (major and minor mitochondrial derivatives) elongate down the axoneme.
The major and minor mitochondrial derivatives are the mitochondria of the sperm tail and derive by the unfolding of the Nebenkern during flagellum elongation.
The larger of the two mitochondrial derivatives that arise by the unfolding of the Nebenkern during flagellum elongation; the major mitochondrial derivative is ovoid and darker than the minor derivative.
The smaller of the two mitochondrial derivatives that arise by the unfolding of the Nebenkern during flagellum elongation.
A multiprotein complex that forms a strong mechanical link between the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix; typical of, but not confined to, muscle cells. The complex is composed of transmembrane, cytoplasmic, and extracellular proteins, including dystrophin, sarcoglycans, dystroglycan, dystrobrevins, syntrophins, sarcospan, caveolin-3, and NO synthase.
A multiprotein complex that forms a strong mechanical link between the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix; typical of, but not confined to, muscle cells. The complex is composed of transmembrane, cytoplasmic, and extracellular proteins, including dystrophin, sarcoglycans, dystroglycan, dystrobrevins, syntrophins, sarcospan, caveolin-3, and NO synthase.
A protein complex that includes alpha- and beta-dystroglycan, which are alternative products of the same gene; the laminin-binding component of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex, providing a link between the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton (in muscle cells) and the extracellular matrix. Alpha-dystroglycan is an extracellular protein binding to alpha-laminin and to beta-dystroglycan; beta-dystroglycan is a transmembrane protein which binds alpha-dystroglycan and dystrophin.
A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex.
A protein complex that includes alpha-, beta1-, beta2-syntrophins and syntrophin-like proteins; the syntrophin complex binds to the second half of the carboxy-terminal domain of dystrophin; also associates with neuronal nitric oxide synthase.
A protein complex comprising alpha- and beta-dystrobrevin; forms part of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex.
Acts as a trigger for a pattern specification process when present at a specific concentration within a gradient.
Combining with a peptidoglycan and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.
A complex of proteins that are involved in phototransduction and attached to the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel. The protein connections are mediated through inaD.
The specialized microvilli-containing organelle on the apical surfaces of a photoreceptor cell containing the visual pigment rhodopsin and most of the proteins involved in phototransduction.
A membrane-bounded compartment that is found at the base of the rhabdomere and contains stored calcium, InsP3 receptors and smooth endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase.
A membrane-bounded compartment that is found at the base of the rhabdomere and contains stored calcium, InsP3 receptors and smooth endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase.
The process in which a tRNA is transported from the cytosol, into the mitochondrial matrix.
The process in which a tRNA is transported from the cytosol, into the mitochondrial matrix.
The process in which a tRNA is transported from the cytosol, into the mitochondrial matrix.
The process in which a tRNA is transported from the cytosol, into the mitochondrial matrix.
The process in which a tRNA is transported from the cytosol, into the mitochondrial matrix.
The process in which a tRNA is transported from the cytosol, into the mitochondrial matrix.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-maleylacetoacetate = 4-fumarylacetoacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-maleylacetoacetate = 4-fumarylacetoacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-maleylacetoacetate = 4-fumarylacetoacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-maleylacetoacetate = 4-fumarylacetoacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-maleylacetoacetate = 4-fumarylacetoacetate.
A heterodimeric DNA polymerase complex that catalyzes error-prone DNA synthesis in contexts such as translesion synthesis and double-stranded break repair. First characterized in Saccharomyces, in which the subunits are Rev3p and Rev7p; a third protein, Rev1p, is often associated with the polymerase dimer.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of phosphate.
The reception of a photon by a cell.
The reception of a (visible light) photon by a cell, visible light being defined as having a wavelength within the range 380-780 nm.
The reception of a (UV light) photon by a cell, UV light being defined as having a wavelength within the range 13.6-400 nm.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+. This is a two-step reaction: (a) L-glutamate + NH3 = L-glutamine + H2O, (b) L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O = NH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+. This is a two-step reaction: (a) L-glutamate + NH3 = L-glutamine + H2O, (b) L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O = NH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+. This is a two-step reaction: (a) L-glutamate + NH3 = L-glutamine + H2O, (b) L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O = NH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+. This is a two-step reaction: (a) L-glutamate + NH3 = L-glutamine + H2O, (b) L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O = NH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a fungus is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a fungus is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a fungus is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a fungus is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a parasitic fungus (a fungus which spends all or part of its life in or on another organism from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a parasitic fungus (a fungus which spends all or part of its life in or on another organism from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a stimulus from a parasitic fungus (a fungus which spends all or part of its life in or on another organism from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a temperature stimulus (hot or cold) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a temperature stimulus (hot or cold) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
The series of events in which a temperature stimulus (hot or cold) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vesicle.
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vesicle.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.
The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of excitation of rhodopsin by a photon and the events that convert the absorbed photons into a cellular response.
The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of excitation of rhodopsin by a photon and the events that convert the absorbed photons into a cellular response.
The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of excitation of rhodopsin by a photon and the events that convert the absorbed photons into a cellular response.
The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of excitation of rhodopsin by a photon and the events that convert the absorbed photons into a cellular response.
Hyperpolarization (vertebrates) or depolarization (invertebrates) of the photoreceptor cell membrane via closing/opening of cation specific channels as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon.
Maintenance of the excited state of a photoreceptor cell to produce a steady-state current as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon.
Maintenance of the excited state of a photoreceptor cell to produce a steady-state current as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon.
The process of restoring the photoreceptor cell to its unexcited state after termination of the stimulus (photon).
The process of restoring the photoreceptor cell to its unexcited state after termination of the stimulus (photon).
The process in which metarhodopsin is prevented from generating molecular signals. Activated rhodopsin (R*) is inactivated by a two-step process: first, R* is phosphorylated by rhodopsin kinase which lowers the activity of R*. Second, the protein arrestin binds to phosphorylated R* to de-activate it.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of light-activated channel activity.
The process in which a rhodopsin-mediated signaling pathway is adjusted to modulate the sensitivity and response of a visual system to light stimuli (that might vary over more than 6 magnitudes in intensity) without response saturation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.
An immune response mediated by immunoglobulins, whether cell-bound or in solution.
An inflammatory response driven by antigen recognition by antibodies bound to Fc receptors on mast cells or basophils, occurring within minutes after exposure of a sensitized individual to the antigen, and leading to the release of a variety of inflammatory mediators such as histamines.
The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving mRNA, messenger RNA, which is responsible for carrying the coded genetic 'message', transcribed from DNA, to sites of protein assembly at the ribosomes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving snRNA, small nuclear RNA, any of various low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins. They participate in the processing or modifications of many RNAs, mostly ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) though snoRNAs are also known to target other classes of RNA, including spliceosomal RNAs, tRNAs, and mRNAs via a stretch of sequence that is complementary to a sequence in the targeted RNA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snRNA, small nuclear RNA, low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snRNA, small nuclear RNA, low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snRNA, small nuclear RNA, low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.
Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
The initial (indirect) attachment of a synaptic vesicle membrane to the presynaptic active zone membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane and proteins of the presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component.  Synaptic vesicle tethering is the first step in this process.
The initial (indirect) attachment of a synaptic vesicle membrane to the presynaptic active zone membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane and proteins of the presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component.  Synaptic vesicle tethering is the first step in this process.
A process that converts synaptic vesicles to a state of competence for calcium triggered fusion with the active zone membrane by bringing the two membranes into very close proximity. Priming typically (but not always) occurs after docking (Jahn and Fasshauer, 2012). Primed vesicles are also capable of spontaneously fusing with the active zone membrane.
The action characteristic of myostimulatory hormone, a peptide hormone that stimulates muscle contraction.
The action characteristic of myostimulatory hormone, a peptide hormone that inhibits muscle contraction.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.
The action characteristic of ecdysiostatic hormone, a peptide hormone that inhibits ecdysone secretion.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytosteroids, steroids of higher plants that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytosteroids, steroids that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytosteroids, steroids that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytosteroids, steroids that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytosteroids, steroids that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phytosteroids, steroids that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phytosteroids, steroids that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phytosteroids, steroids that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-glycosides, any compound in which a glycosyl group has been substituted into a thiol group.
A translation release factor that is specific for one or more particular termination codons; acts at the ribosomal A-site and require polypeptidyl-tRNA at the P-site.
A translation release factor that is not specific to particular codons; binds to guanine nucleotides.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nickel (Ni) cations.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + Hg + NADP(+) = Hg(2+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate + H(+) = trans-urocanate + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate + H(+) = trans-urocanate + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate + H(+) = trans-urocanate + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate + H(+) = trans-urocanate + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyrimidine nucleoside + phosphate = pyrimidine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyrimidine nucleoside + phosphate = pyrimidine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO(2) + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO(2) + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO(2) + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO(2) + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO(2) + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO(2) + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(+) + succinate = fumarate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(+) + succinate = fumarate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(+) + succinate = fumarate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 3,4-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 3,4-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 3,4-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of amylose or an amylose derivative.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n+1) + H2O = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n-1) + alpha-maltose. This reaction is the hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n+1) + H2O = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n-1) + alpha-maltose. This reaction is the hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n+1) + H2O = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n-1) + alpha-maltose. This reaction is the hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n+1) + H2O = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n-1) + alpha-maltose. This reaction is the hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
Catalysis of the reaction: 8 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + nitrogen + 16 ATP = 8 oxidized ferredoxin + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 8 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + nitrogen + 16 ATP = 8 oxidized ferredoxin + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 8 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + nitrogen + 16 ATP = 8 oxidized ferredoxin + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 8 reduced ferredoxin + 8 H+ + nitrogen + 16 ATP = 8 oxidized ferredoxin + 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + 16 phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
Catalysis of the dehydrogenation of phytoene to produce a carotenoid intermediate such as phytofluene.
Combining with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chlorophyll; any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with bacteriochlorophyll c, a chlorophyll of photosynthetic bacteria, for example green sulfur bacteria.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-15 receptor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the interleukin-15 receptor.
Any homoeostatic process in which an organism maintains its internal body temperature at a relatively constant value. This is achieved by using metabolic processes to counteract fluctuations in the temperature of the environment.
Any homoeostatic process in which an organism maintains its internal body temperature at a relatively constant value. This is achieved by using metabolic processes to counteract fluctuations in the temperature of the environment.
Any homoeostatic process in which an organism maintains its internal body temperature at a relatively constant value. This is achieved by using metabolic processes to counteract fluctuations in the temperature of the environment.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ice, water reduced to the solid state by cold temperature. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ice, water reduced to the solid state by cold temperature. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ice, water reduced to the solid state by cold temperature. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ice, water reduced to the solid state by cold temperature. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a freezing stimulus, temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a freezing stimulus, temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + O2 = NAD(P)H + O2-.
Increases the activity of the enzyme superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase.
Any process involved in the conversion of a primary small nuclear RNA (snRNA) transcript into a mature snRNA molecule.
Budding of synaptic vesicles during the formation of constitutive recycling vesicles from early endosomes.
Budding of synaptic vesicles during the formation of constitutive recycling vesicles from early endosomes.
The formation of clathrin coated pits in the presynaptic membrane endocytic zone, triggered by the presence of high concentrations of synaptic vesicle components. This process leads to, but does not include budding of the membrane to form new vesicles.
Evagination of the presynaptic membrane, resulting in the formation of a new synaptic vesicle.
Evagination of the presynaptic membrane, resulting in the formation of a new synaptic vesicle.
Steps required to form an initiated synaptic vesicle into a fully formed and transmissible synaptic vesicle.
The directed movement of substances mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials enclosed in the lumen or located in the endosomal membrane.
The directed movement of substances mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials enclosed in the lumen or located in the endosomal membrane.
The directed movement of substances mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials enclosed in the lumen or located in the endosomal membrane.
The directed movement of substances mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials enclosed in the lumen or located in the endosomal membrane.
The recognition of molecules at a choice point by an axon growth cone; at a choice point the growth cone determines the direction of its future growth.
The recognition of molecules at the central nervous system midline choice point by an axon growth cone; this choice point determines whether the growth cone will cross the midline.
The process in which a neuronal cell in a multicellular organism recognizes chemoattractant signals from, and grows towards, potential targets.
The process in which a neuronal cell in a multicellular organism recognizes chemorepellent signals that inhibit its growth toward the source.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development.
The developmental process in which a skeletal muscle attaches to its target (such as bone or body wall).
The process that mediates the transfer of information from the cells of a muscle to those of its intended target, thereby identifying the target site.
Catalysis of the reaction: selenocysteine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = Se-methylselenocysteine + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with AMP, adenosine monophosphate.
Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3 malonyl-CoA + 4-coumaroyl-CoA = 4 CoA + naringenin chalcone + 3 CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3 malonyl-CoA + 4-coumaroyl-CoA = 4 CoA + naringenin chalcone + 3 CO2.
Catalysis of the ligation of ammonia (NH3) to another substance via a carbon-nitrogen bond with concomitant breakage of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: linoleoyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = desaturated-acyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine + O(2) = 2 H(2)O + isopenicillin N.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine + O(2) = 2 H(2)O + isopenicillin N.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine + O(2) = 2 H(2)O + isopenicillin N.
Catalysis of the reaction: deethylsimazine + H2O = N-ethylammeline + chloride + H+.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones, which are themselves formed by repetitive head-to-tail addition of acetyl (or substituted acetyl) units indirectly derived from acetate (or a substituted acetate) by a mechanism similar to that for fatty acid biosynthesis but without the intermediate reductive steps.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones, which are themselves formed by repetitive head-to-tail addition of acetyl (or substituted acetyl) units indirectly derived from acetate (or a substituted acetate) by a mechanism similar to that for fatty acid biosynthesis but without the intermediate reductive steps.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones, which are themselves formed by repetitive head-to-tail addition of acetyl (or substituted acetyl) units indirectly derived from acetate (or a substituted acetate) by a mechanism similar to that for fatty acid biosynthesis but without the intermediate reductive steps.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones, which are themselves formed by repetitive head-to-tail addition of acetyl (or substituted acetyl) units indirectly derived from acetate (or a substituted acetate) by a mechanism similar to that for fatty acid biosynthesis but without the intermediate reductive steps.
A protein complex that carries out enzymatic reactions involved in the biosynthesis of polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones.
A protein complex that carries out enzymatic reactions involved in the biosynthesis of polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones.
A protein complex that catalyzes the formation of procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline and succinate from procollagen L-proline and 2-oxoglutarate, requiring Fe2+ and ascorbate. Contains two alpha subunits that contribute to most parts of the catalytic sites, and two beta subunits that are identical to protein-disulfide isomerase.
A protein complex that catalyzes the formation of procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline and succinate from procollagen L-proline and 2-oxoglutarate, requiring Fe2+ and ascorbate. Contains two alpha subunits that contribute to most parts of the catalytic sites, and two beta subunits that are identical to protein-disulfide isomerase.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + 2-oxopropanoate = pyruvate + beta-alanine.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + 2-oxopropanoate = pyruvate + beta-alanine.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + 2-oxopropanoate = pyruvate + beta-alanine.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + 2-oxopropanoate = pyruvate + beta-alanine.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + 2-oxopropanoate = pyruvate + beta-alanine.
The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.
The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which one substrate is a sterol derivative.
Increases the activity of the enzyme sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminides.
Catalysis of the synthesis of the HKK-1 carbohydrate epitope; adds a sulfate group to a precursor, GlcA-beta-(1->3)-Gal-beta-(1->4)-GlcNAc-beta-(1->R), forming sulfo-3GlcA-beta-(1->3)-Gal-beta-(1->4)-GlcNAc-beta-(1->R).
A process in which telomeres are protected from degradation and fusion, thereby ensuring chromosome stability by protecting the ends from both degradation and from being recognized as damaged DNA. May be mediated by specific single- or double-stranded telomeric DNA binding proteins.
A discrete intracellular part formed of aggregated molecules such as proteins or other biopolymers.
A discrete intracellular part formed of aggregated molecules such as proteins or other biopolymers.
An inclusion body formed by dynein-dependent retrograde transport of an aggregated protein on microtubules.
The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure.  Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Some types of macroautophagy, e.g. pexophagy, mitophagy, involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
The major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane-bounded autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane-bounded structure.  Autophagosomes then fuse with a lysosome (or vacuole) releasing single-membrane-bounded autophagic bodies that are then degraded within the lysosome (or vacuole). Some types of macroautophagy, e.g. pexophagy, mitophagy, involve selective targeting of the targets to be degraded.
The transfer of cytosolic components into the lysosomal compartment by direct invagination of the lysosomal membrane without prior sequestration into an autophagosome. The engulfing membranes fuse, resulting in the lysosomal delivery of the cargo wrapped in a single membrane derived from the invaginated lysosomal membrane. In S. cerevisiae, the vacuole is the lysosomal compartment.
Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation.
Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation.
Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation.
Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation.
Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation.
Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation.
The initial attachment of an autophagosome membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane. Docking requires only that the two membranes come close enough for these proteins to interact and adhere.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.
Any process that modulates the size of the autophagosome.
The process in which double-stranded RNAs silence cognate genes. Involves posttranscriptional gene inactivation ('silencing') both of transgenes or dsRNA introduced into a germline, and of the host gene(s) homologous to the transgenes or dsRNA. This silencing is triggered by the introduction of transgenes or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and can occur through a specific decrease in the level of mRNA, or by negative regulation of translation, of both host genes and transgenes.
The process in which double-stranded RNAs silence cognate genes. Involves posttranscriptional gene inactivation ('silencing') both of transgenes or dsRNA introduced into a germline, and of the host gene(s) homologous to the transgenes or dsRNA. This silencing is triggered by the introduction of transgenes or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and can occur through a specific decrease in the level of mRNA, or by negative regulation of translation, of both host genes and transgenes.
Modulates the activity of a channel. A channel catalyzes energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.
Stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a channel via direct interaction with the channel. A channel catalyzes energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate.
An activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP).
An activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP).
An activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP).
An activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The general transcription factors for RNA polymerase II include TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH and TATA-binding protein (TBP).
The stepwise addition of the components of the GPI anchor on to phosphatidylinositol lipids in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
A transamidation reaction that results in the cleavage of the polypeptide chain and the concomitant transfer of the GPI anchor to the newly formed carboxy-terminal amino acid of the anchored protein. The cleaved C-terminal contains the C-terminal GPI signal sequence of the newly synthesized polypeptide chain.
The modification of high-mannose N-glycans by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal-enzyme N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase and the subsequent removal of the N-acetylglucosamine residues yielding mannose-6-P that occurs in the ER-Golgi apparatus to N-glycans destined for the lysosome.
The modification of high-mannose (Man9-Asn) N-glycans by mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase. This may result in Man8GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans (which in yeast may be subsequently modified by the addition of further mannose residues) or Man5GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans that are substrates for further diversification in the Golgi apparatus.
The generation, in the Golgi apparatus, of side chain diversity from high mannose Man5GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans by specific glycosyltransferases and glycosidases.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.
Catalysis of the addition of a galactosyl residue to a non-reducing O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine residue in an O-glycan.
Catalysis of the addition of a galactosyl residue to a non-reducing O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine residue in an O-glycan.
Catalysis of the addition of a galactosyl residue to a non-reducing O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine residue in an O-glycan.
Catalysis of the addition of a galactosyl residue to a non-reducing O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine residue in an O-glycan.
Assembly of gap junctions, which are found in most animal tissues, and serve as direct connections between the cytoplasms of adjacent cells. They provide open channels through the plasma membrane, allowing ions and small molecules (less than approximately a thousand daltons) to diffuse freely between neighboring cells, but preventing the passage of proteins and nucleic acids.
The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form a core O-glycan structure.
The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 1 O-glycan structure, Gal-beta-(1->3)-GalNAc.
The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 2 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)[Gal-beta-(1->3)]-GalNAc.
The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 3 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->3)-GalNAc.
The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 4 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)[GalNAc-beta-(1->3)]-GalNAc.
A multisubunit chaperone that is capable of delivering unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin, which it acts as a cofactor for. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it also acts in the nucleus to regulate the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II via a direct effect on histone dynamics.
Enables the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to an amino group of an arginine residue.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (protein)-N-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (cytochrome c)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (cytochrome c)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (cytochrome c)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (cytochrome c)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (cytochrome c)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (cytochrome c)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (myelin basic protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (myelin basic protein)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (myelin basic protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (myelin basic protein)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (myelin basic protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (myelin basic protein)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (myelin basic protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (myelin basic protein)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (myelin basic protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (myelin basic protein)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (myelin basic protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (myelin basic protein)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue in a protein substrate.
A protein complex composed of the 40S ribosomal subunit plus eIF1A, eIF3, and eIF2-GTP-bound methionyl-initiator methionine tRNA.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 2 to 20 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by internal calcium ions. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are more sensitive to calcium than are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 2 to 20 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by internal calcium ions. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are more sensitive to calcium than are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 2 to 20 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by internal calcium ions. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are more sensitive to calcium than are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + glycerone phosphate = 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + glycerone phosphate = 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate + CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: X-CoA + H2O = X + CoA; X may be any group.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myristoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + myristate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myristoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + myristate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myristoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + myristate.
Catalysis of the reaction: myristoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + myristate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + palmitate.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a uracil residue in a tRNA molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a uracil residue in a tRNA molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol bisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol phosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate + phosphate.
The process in which photoreceptors are arranged in ommatidia in the dorsal and ventral fields to be mirror images. The polarity is established in the imaginal discs concurrently with cell fate specification.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mushroom body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mushroom body is composed of the prominent neuropil structures of the insect central brain, thought to be crucial for olfactory associated learning. These consist mainly of a bulbous calyx and tightly packaged arrays of thin parallel fibers of the Kenyon cells.
The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the endoplasmic reticulum.
The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a female.
The developmentally regulated remodeling of neuronal projections such as pruning to eliminate the extra dendrites and axons projections set up in early stages of nervous system development.
The developmentally regulated remodeling of neuronal projections such as pruning to eliminate the extra dendrites and axons projections set up in early stages of nervous system development.
The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.
The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.
Formation and maintenance of a polarized microtubule array originating from a microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Formation and maintenance of a polarized microtubule array originating from a microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The apical end of the lateral plasma membrane of epithelial cells.
The portion of the plasma membrane at the lateral side of the cell. In epithelial cells, lateral plasma membranes are on the sides of cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells.
Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
A discrete cell cycle in the third instar eye imaginal disc after progression of the morphogenetic furrow that contributes to compound eye morphogenesis. It is essential for generation of a sufficient pool of uncommitted cells to develop complete ommatidia.
The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic epithelia are generated and organized.
Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization of epithelial cells in an embryo.
The process in which the anatomical structures of a follicular epithelium are generated and organized.
Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of a polarized follicular epithelial sheet.
The process in which the anatomical structures of a larval imaginal disc epithelium are generated and organized.
Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of a polarized larval imaginal disc epithelium.
The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that do not require the presence of calcium for the interaction.
The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.
Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton.
The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles takes place, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes. This occurs during meiosis.
The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles takes place, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes. This occurs during meiosis.
The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles takes place, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes. This occurs during meiosis.
The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles takes place, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes. This occurs during meiosis.
The directed movement of chromosomes in the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during female meiosis.
The directed movement of chromosomes in the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during female meiosis.
The directed movement of chromosomes in the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during female meiosis.
The directed movement of chromosomes in the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during male meiosis.
The directed movement of chromosomes in the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during male meiosis.
The directed movement of chromosomes in the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during male meiosis.
The process in which the anatomical structures of an imaginal disc-derived leg joint are generated and organized. The leg joint is a flexible region that separates the rigid sections of a leg to allow movement in a controlled manner. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a sensory organ precursor cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.
Combining with activin-bound type II activin receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of activin signals.
Combining with activin to initiate a change in cell activity; upon ligand binding, binds to and catalyses the phosphorylation of a type I activin receptor.
The dense fibrillar network lying on the inner side of the nuclear membrane.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydropalmitoyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: pristanoyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydropristanoyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine + H2O = dimethylamine + L-citrulline.
Catalysis of the reaction: N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine + H2O = dimethylamine + L-citrulline.
Catalysis of the reaction: N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine + H2O = dimethylamine + L-citrulline.
Catalysis of the reaction: N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine + H2O = dimethylamine + L-citrulline.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: substrate + ATP + CoASH = AMP + diphosphate + substrate-CoA.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the carnitine molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to a carbon atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoyl (CH3-[CH2]14-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acylglycerol molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the serine molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an octanoyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an octanoyl (CH3-[CH2]6-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to a sulfur atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a sulfur atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a malonyl group to a sulfur atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a malonyl (HOOC-CH2-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the joining of a carboxyl group to a molecule that is attached to CoA, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + m(7)G(5')pppAm = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m(7)G(5')pppm(6)Am.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + m(7)G(5')pppAm = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m(7)G(5')pppm(6)Am.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + m(7)G(5')pppAm = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m(7)G(5')pppm(6)Am.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing methylguanine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing methylguanine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 5-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 5-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 5-methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N6-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N6-methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA uridine = 5'-methylthioadenosine + tRNA 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-uridine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methyladenine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methylcytosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methylguanine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methyluridine.
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + tRNA(n) = diphosphate + tRNA(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-mannose + tRNA(Asp)-queuosine = GDP + tRNA(Asp)-O-5''-beta-D-mannosylqueuosine.
The inactivation of gene expression by a posttranscriptional mechanism.
The inactivation of gene expression by a posttranscriptional mechanism.
The inactivation of gene expression by a posttranscriptional mechanism.
The inactivation of gene expression by a posttranscriptional mechanism.
A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation.
Catalysis of the digestion of double-stranded RNAs into 20 to 30-nucleotide products. These products typically associate to the RNA-induced silencing complex and serve as guide RNAs for posttranslational RNA interference.
Recombination occurring within or between DNA molecules in somatic cells.
The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of immunoglobulins.
Mutations occurring somatically that result in amino acid changes in the rearranged V regions of immunoglobulins.
The process in which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, as known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a carbon atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoyl group to a carbon atom on the acceptor molecule.
An RNA-protein complex localized to the X chromosome of males where it is required for the hyper-transcriptional activation of the X chromosome. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on DNA to form the complex that mediates dosage compensation on the X chromosome of the heterogametic sex, ultimately resulting in a two-fold increase in transcription from this chromosome. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process carried out at the cellular level that results in either long-term transcriptional repression via action on chromatin structure or RNA mediated, post-transcriptional repression of gene expression.
A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes.
A myosin complex containing two class II myosin heavy chains, two myosin essential light chains and two myosin regulatory light chains. Also known as classical myosin or conventional myosin, the myosin II class includes the major muscle myosin of vertebrate and invertebrate muscle, and is characterized by alpha-helical coiled coil tails that self assemble to form a variety of filament structures.
A portmanteau term for myosins other than myosin II.
A portmanteau term for myosins other than myosin II.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond between two phosphate groups, leaving one phosphate on each of the two fragments.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(out).
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; drives the transport of proteins into the chloroplast stroma.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; drives the transport of proteins into the chloroplast stroma.
Multisubunit protein complex with 2x7 (Type I, in most cells) or 2x8 (Type II, in Archaea) ATP-binding sites involved in maintaining an unfolded polypeptide structure before folding or to entry into mitochondria and chloroplasts.
A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex found in the vacuolar membrane, where it acts as a proton pump to mediate acidification of the vacuolar lumen.
A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of sodium ions across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0 or V0) that carries out ion transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1 or V1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis.
A sodium ion-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism.
A sodium ion-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that couples ATP hydrolysis to the transport of sodium ions across a concentration gradient. The complex comprises a membrane sector (V0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (V1) that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis.
The process in which the size of the nucleus with respect to its cytoplasm is sensed by a cell.
The process in which the size of the nucleus with respect to its cytoplasm is sensed by a cell.
Any process that modulates the surface configuration of an embryonic cell.
The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.
The directed movement of substances or organelles within the cytosol.
Increases the activity of the enzyme tryptophase hydroxylase.
Binds to and increases the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds.
The generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol.
The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the peritrophic membrane, a tubular sheath of cuticle that shields the epithelial cells of the midgut from the gut contents. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Combining with the tridecapeptide neurotensin to initiate a G-protein mediated change in cell activity. A G-protein is a signal transduction molecule that alternates between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state.
Combining with the tridecapeptide neurotensin to initiate a G-protein mediated change in cell activity. A G-protein is a signal transduction molecule that alternates between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state.
Combining with the tridecapeptide neurotensin to initiate a G-protein mediated change in cell activity. A G-protein is a signal transduction molecule that alternates between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state.
Combining with the tridecapeptide neurotensin to initiate a G-protein mediated change in cell activity. A G-protein is a signal transduction molecule that alternates between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state.
Combining with a C-C chemokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. C-C chemokines do not have an amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif.
Combining with a C-X-C chemokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. A C-X-C chemokine has a single amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four cysteine motif.
Combining with a C-X3-C chemokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. A C-X3-C chemokine has three amino acids between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif.
Combining with substance P, the peptide Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met, to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with substance K, the peptide His-Lys-Thr-Asp-Ser-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met, to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with substance K, the peptide His-Lys-Thr-Asp-Ser-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met, to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with neuromedin K, the peptide Asp-Met-His-Asp-Phe-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with orexin to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with a protein hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with prostacyclin (PGI(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with prostacyclin (PGI(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with prostacyclin (PGI(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with prostacyclin (PGI(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with a nucleotide and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. A nucleotide is a compound that consists of a nucleoside esterified with a phosphate molecule.
Combining with a pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity. A pheromone is a substance used in olfactory communication between organisms of the same species eliciting a change in sexual or social behavior.
Increases the activity of a peptidase that is involved in the apoptotic process.
A complex that includes the long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and long-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase activities in two subunits (alpha and beta), catalyzing two steps of the fatty acid beta-oxidation cycle within the mitochondrial matrix.
A complex that includes the long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and long-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase activities in two subunits (alpha and beta), catalyzing two steps of the fatty acid beta-oxidation cycle within the mitochondrial matrix.
Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain (3S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA = a long-chain trans-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O. A long-chain acyl-CoA is an acyl-CoA thioester where the acyl chain contains 13 to 22 carbon atoms.
Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain (3S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA = a long-chain trans-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O. A long-chain acyl-CoA is an acyl-CoA thioester where the acyl chain contains 13 to 22 carbon atoms.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD(P)+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NAD(P)H + H+, where the acyl group is a long-chain fatty acid residue. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD(P)+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NAD(P)H + H+, where the acyl group is a long-chain fatty acid residue. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD(P)+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NAD(P)H + H+, where the acyl group is a long-chain fatty acid residue. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD(P)+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NAD(P)H + H+, where the acyl group is a long-chain fatty acid residue. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.
A heterodimeric transcription factor complex that contains an alpha subunit (Runx1, Runx2 or Runx3 in human) that binds DNA and a non-DNA-binding beta subunit (CBFbeta), and binds to a consensus sequence 5'-YGYGGTY-3' found in several enhancers and promoters; the beta subunit enhances the DNA binding of the alpha subunit.
A heterodimeric transcription factor complex that contains an alpha subunit (Runx1, Runx2 or Runx3 in human) that binds DNA and a non-DNA-binding beta subunit (CBFbeta), and binds to a consensus sequence 5'-YGYGGTY-3' found in several enhancers and promoters; the beta subunit enhances the DNA binding of the alpha subunit.
A heterodimeric transcription factor complex that contains an alpha subunit (Runx1, Runx2 or Runx3 in human) that binds DNA and a non-DNA-binding beta subunit (CBFbeta), and binds to a consensus sequence 5'-YGYGGTY-3' found in several enhancers and promoters; the beta subunit enhances the DNA binding of the alpha subunit.
A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains 8 to 14 proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of the yeast SNF2 or mammalian SMARCA4/BAF190A/BRG1 gene, or an ortholog thereof.
Combining with interleukin-13 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with interleukin-13 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
A protein complex that binds interleukin-4 (IL-4) and consists of an alpha chain that binds IL-4 with high affinity and a gamma common chain that also forms part of the interleukin-2 receptor.
Combining with interleukin-12 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with interleukin-12 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with interleukin-14 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with interleukin-14 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Combining with gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and transmitting the signal across the membrane to activate an associated G-protein.
Combining with gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and transmitting the signal across the membrane to activate an associated G-protein.
Combining with growth hormone-releasing hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.
The action characteristic of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, a peptide produced in the hypothalamus that binds to receptors to exert pleiotropic effects including control of neurotransmitter release, vasodilation, bronchodilation, activation of intestinal motility, increase in insulin and histamine secretion, immune modulation, and stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation.
Combining with alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis.
The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage.
Directly binding to and delivering metal ions to a target protein.
Directly binding to and delivering copper ions to a target protein.
A copper chaperone activity that specifically delivers copper to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, to activate superoxide dismutase activity.
A protein complex that has protein serine/threonine kinase activity; in mammals composed of catalytic subunit CDK5 and regulatory subunits CDK5R1 or CDK5R2. Contrary to its gene symbol, CDK5 is not cyclin-dependent.
Binds to and increases the activity of cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5.
Binds to and increases the activity of cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.
The removal of an internal amino acid sequence (an intein) from a protein during protein maturation; the excision of inteins is precise and the N- and C-terminal exteins are joined by a normal peptide bond. Protein splicing involves 4 nucleophilic displacements by the 3 conserved splice junction residues.
Processing which a protein carries out itself. This involves actions such as the autolytic removal of residues to generate the mature form of the protein.
The process during courtship, where the male orients towards a potential partner. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship, where the male orients towards a potential partner. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship, where the male orients towards a potential partner. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male insect taps the female with his frontal leg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male insect taps the female with his frontal leg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male insect taps the female with his frontal leg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male insect vibrates his wings. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male insect vibrates his wings. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male insect vibrates his wings. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male fly licks the genitalia of a stationary female fly with his proboscis. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male fly licks the genitalia of a stationary female fly with his proboscis. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The process during courtship where the male fly licks the genitalia of a stationary female fly with his proboscis. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of one or more nucleotides.
The modification of an RNA molecule by removal of a single nucleotide.
Any base modification or substitution events that result in alterations in the coding potential or structural properties of RNAs as a result of changes in the base-pairing properties of the modified ribonucleoside(s).
The conversion of a cytosine residue to uridine in an RNA molecule by deamination.
The conversion of a uridine residue to cytosine in an RNA molecule by amination.
The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.
The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.
The process in which a peroxisome membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together.
The import of proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. A peroxisome targeting signal (PTS) binds to a soluble receptor protein in the cytosol, and the resulting complex then binds to a receptor protein in the peroxisome membrane and is imported. The cargo protein is then released into the peroxisome matrix.
The import of proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. A peroxisome targeting signal (PTS) binds to a soluble receptor protein in the cytosol, and the resulting complex then binds to a receptor protein in the peroxisome membrane and is imported. The cargo protein is then released into the peroxisome matrix.
The division of a mature peroxisome within a cell to form two or more separate peroxisome compartments.
The division of a mature peroxisome within a cell to form two or more separate peroxisome compartments.
The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the peroxisomal membrane.
The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the peroxisomal membrane.
The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the peroxisomal membrane.
The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the peroxisomal membrane.
The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the peroxisomal membrane.
The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the peroxisomal membrane.
The process in which proteins are moved across the peroxisomal membrane into the matrix. It is likely that the peroxisome targeting sequence receptor remains associated with cargo proteins during translocation.
The process in which proteins are moved across the peroxisomal membrane into the matrix. It is likely that the peroxisome targeting sequence receptor remains associated with cargo proteins during translocation.
The process in which proteins are moved across the peroxisomal membrane into the matrix. It is likely that the peroxisome targeting sequence receptor remains associated with cargo proteins during translocation.
The process in which proteins are moved across the peroxisomal membrane into the matrix. It is likely that the peroxisome targeting sequence receptor remains associated with cargo proteins during translocation.
The process in which proteins are moved across the peroxisomal membrane into the matrix. It is likely that the peroxisome targeting sequence receptor remains associated with cargo proteins during translocation.
The process in which proteins are moved across the peroxisomal membrane into the matrix. It is likely that the peroxisome targeting sequence receptor remains associated with cargo proteins during translocation.
The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol.
The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol.
The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol.
The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol.
The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol.
The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol.
The process in which peroxisome targeting sequence receptors dissociates from cargo proteins and are returned to the cytosol.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
The alteration of DNA or protein in chromatin by the covalent addition or removal of chemical groups.
The modification of histones by addition of methyl groups.
The modification of histones by addition of phosphate groups.
The modification of a histone by the addition of an acetyl group.
The modification of histones by addition of ubiquitin groups.
The modification of histones by addition of ubiquitin groups.
The modification of histones by removal of acetyl groups.
The modification of histones by removal of phosphate groups.
The modification of histones by removal of methyl groups.
The modification of histones by removal of ubiquitin groups.
The modification of histones by removal of ubiquitin groups.
The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.
The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.
The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.
The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.
A multiprotein complex that functions broadly in eukaryotic organisms as a transcriptional repressor of protein-coding genes, through the gene-specific deacetylation of histones. Amongst its subunits, the Sin3 complex contains Sin3-like proteins, and a number of core proteins that are shared with the NuRD complex (including histone deacetylases and histone binding proteins). The Sin3 complex does not directly bind DNA itself, but is targeted to specific genes through protein-protein interactions with DNA-binding proteins.
An approximately 2 MDa multi-subunit complex that exhibits ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity in addition to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and has been shown to establish transcriptional repression of a number of target genes in vertebrates, invertebrates and fungi. Amongst its subunits, the NuRD complex contains histone deacetylases, histone binding proteins and Mi-2-like proteins.
An approximately 2 MDa multi-subunit complex that exhibits ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity in addition to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and has been shown to establish transcriptional repression of a number of target genes in vertebrates, invertebrates and fungi. Amongst its subunits, the NuRD complex contains histone deacetylases, histone binding proteins and Mi-2-like proteins.
An approximately 2 MDa multi-subunit complex that exhibits ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity in addition to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and has been shown to establish transcriptional repression of a number of target genes in vertebrates, invertebrates and fungi. Amongst its subunits, the NuRD complex contains histone deacetylases, histone binding proteins and Mi-2-like proteins.
Ordering of successions of nucleosomes into regular arrays so that nucleosomes are positioned at defined distances from one another.
A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a bromodomain containing-protein, such as yeast Rsc1 or Rsc4 or mammalian PB1/BAF180. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining
A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a bromodomain containing-protein, such as yeast Rsc1 or Rsc4 or mammalian PB1/BAF180. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining
A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a bromodomain containing-protein, such as yeast Rsc1 or Rsc4 or mammalian PB1/BAF180. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining
A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a bromodomain containing-protein, such as yeast Rsc1 or Rsc4 or mammalian PB1/BAF180. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining
A protein complex that contains an Isw1 subunit from the ISWI-family of ATPases and acts to modify chromatin structure.
An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2L in mammals), a NURF301 homolog (BPTF in humans), and additional subunits, though the composition of these additional subunits varies slightly with species. NURF is involved in regulation of transcription from TRNA polymerase II promoters.
An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2H in mammals, Isw2 in S. cerevisiae), an ACF1 homolog, and generally no other subunits, though Xenopus is an exception with a third non-conserved subunit. ACF plays roles in regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription and in DNA replication and repair.
A nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex containing an RNA polymerase II core enzyme as well as additional proteins and transcription factor complexes, that are capable of promoter recognition and transcription initiation from an RNA polymerase II promoter in vivo. These additional components may include general transcription factor complexes TFIIA, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, or TFIIH, as well as Mediator, SWI/SNF, GCN5, or SRBs and confer the ability to recognize promoters.
A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.
A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.
A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.
A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.
A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.
A multiprotein complex that associates with RNA polymerase II and general RNA polymerase II transcription factor complexes and may be involved in both transcriptional initiation and elongation. In Saccharomyces the complex contains Paf1p, Cdc73p, Ctr9p, Rtf1p, and Leo1p.
A multiprotein complex that associates with RNA polymerase II and general RNA polymerase II transcription factor complexes and may be involved in both transcriptional initiation and elongation. In Saccharomyces the complex contains Paf1p, Cdc73p, Ctr9p, Rtf1p, and Leo1p.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.
The conjugation of arginine to the N-terminal aspartate or glutamate of a protein; required for the degradation of the protein via the ubiquitin pathway.
The conjugation of arginine to the N-terminal aspartate or glutamate of a protein; required for the degradation of the protein via the ubiquitin pathway.
A protein complex that contains flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, and may contain associated proteins. Flotillins associate into membrane microdomains resembling caveolae.
A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rac family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.
A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; functions as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. Typically trimeric consisting of NFYA, NFYB and NFYC subunits. In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5.
A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; functions as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. Typically trimeric consisting of NFYA, NFYB and NFYC subunits. In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5.
A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; functions as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. Typically trimeric consisting of NFYA, NFYB and NFYC subunits. In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutaminyl-peptide = 5-oxoprolyl-peptide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutaminyl-peptide = 5-oxoprolyl-peptide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutaminyl-peptide = 5-oxoprolyl-peptide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutaminyl-peptide = 5-oxoprolyl-peptide + NH3.
Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins.
A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.
A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.
A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.
A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.
A nuclear body that is enriched in the lymphoid cell-specific protein LYSp100B; LANDs are globular, electron-dense structures and are morphologically distinct from the annular structures characteristic of PML bodies.
A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.
A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.
A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.
A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.
A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.
The action characteristic of growth hormone-releasing hormone, any of a family of peptide hormones that act on the anterior pituitary to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone and exert a trophic effect on the gland.
The action characteristic of growth hormone-releasing hormone, any of a family of peptide hormones that act on the anterior pituitary to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone and exert a trophic effect on the gland.
An enzyme complex composed of two proteins, dinitrogenase and nitrogenase reductase; dinitrogenase is tetrameric with an alpha2-beta2 structure and nitrogenase reductase is a homodimer, and both are associated with metal ions, which differ between species. Both proteins are required for the enzyme activity of the complex, the formation of oxidized ferredoxin and ammonia from reduced ferredoxin and nitrogen.
An enzyme complex containing an iron-iron cluster found in species such as the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus. It is composed of two main subunits, dinitrogenase and nitrogenase reductase. Dinitrogenase, the iron-iron containing subunit, has an alpha1-beta2 or alpha2-beta2 structure, and the nitrogenase reductase subunit is a homodimer. Functions in the catalysis of the formation of oxidized ferredoxin and ammonia from reduced ferredoxin and nitrogen.
An enzyme complex containing a molybdenum-iron cluster found in many species. It is composed of two proteins, dinitrogenase and nitrogenase reductase; dinitrogenase, the molybdenum-iron protein, is tetrameric with an alpha2-beta2 structure, and nitrogenase reductase is a homodimer.
An enzyme complex containing a vanadium-iron cluster found in some species, such as Azotobacter vinelandii. It is composed of two proteins, dinitrogenase and nitrogenase reductase; dinitrogenase, the vanadium-iron protein, is tetrameric with an alpha2-beta2 structure, and nitrogenase reductase is a homodimer.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of the reversible conversion of pyruvate or oxaloacetate to malate.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-L-proline + NAD+ = 4-oxoproline + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-L-proline + NAD+ = 4-oxoproline + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-L-proline + NAD+ = 4-oxoproline + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-glycerate + NADP+ = hydroxypyruvate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-glycerate + NADP+ = hydroxypyruvate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-glycerate + NADP+ = hydroxypyruvate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-glycerate + NADP+ = hydroxypyruvate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamaldehyde + CoA + NADP+ = cinnamoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of the reaction: 8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl}cyclopentyl]octanoate + NADP(+) = (15Z)-12-oxophyto-10,15-dienoate + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl}cyclopentyl]octanoate + NADP(+) = (15Z)-12-oxophyto-10,15-dienoate + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl}cyclopentyl]octanoate + NADP(+) = (15Z)-12-oxophyto-10,15-dienoate + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = protochlorophyllide + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = protochlorophyllide + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = protochlorophyllide + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = protochlorophyllide + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = protochlorophyllide + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = protochlorophyllide + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or related compound.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome molecule.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide group.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces disulfide.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces quinone or similar compound.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a heme protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a heme protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or a similar acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a nitrogenous group.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: reduced riboflavin + NADP+ = riboflavin + NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a nitrogenous group, excluding NH and NH2 groups, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a nitrogenous group, excluding NH and NH2 groups, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a nitrogenous group, excluding NH and NH2 groups, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a nitrogenous group, excluding NH and NH2 groups, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces disulfide.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces quinone or a related compound.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a nitrogenous group.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol or related substance acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol, or related compound, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol, or related compound, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the peroxide group acts as a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-ascorbate + hydrogen peroxide = dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-ascorbate + hydrogen peroxide = dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-ascorbate + hydrogen peroxide = dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-ascorbate + hydrogen peroxide = dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-ascorbate + hydrogen peroxide = dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Mn2+ + 2 H+ + hydrogen peroxide = 2 Mn3+ + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Mn2+ + 2 H+ + hydrogen peroxide = 2 Mn3+ + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Mn2+ + 2 H+ + hydrogen peroxide = 2 Mn3+ + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Mn2+ + 2 H+ + hydrogen peroxide = 2 Mn3+ + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + hydrogen peroxide = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O(2) + H(+) + NADH = 2 H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O(2) + H(+) + NADH = 2 H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O(2) + H(+) + NADH = 2 H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O(2) + H(+) + NADH = 2 H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O(2) + H(+) + NADH = 2 H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O(2) + H(+) + NADH = 2 H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and molecular oxygen is incorporated into a donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and molecular oxygen is incorporated into a donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and two oxygen atoms is incorporated into a donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and one oxygen atom is incorporated into a donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a gibberellin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a 3-beta-hydroxy-gibberellin + succinate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: a gibberellin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a 3-beta-hydroxy-gibberellin + succinate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: a gibberellin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a 3-beta-hydroxy-gibberellin + succinate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: a gibberellin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a 3-beta-hydroxy-gibberellin + succinate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: a gibberellin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a 3-beta-hydroxy-gibberellin + succinate + CO2.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from NADH or NADPH and one other donor, and two atoms of oxygen are incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from NADH or NADPH and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: a flavonoid + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3'-hydroxyflavonoid + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: a flavonoid + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3'-hydroxyflavonoid + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: a flavonoid + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3'-hydroxyflavonoid + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: a flavonoid + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3'-hydroxyflavonoid + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: a flavonoid + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3'-hydroxyflavonoid + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced flavin or flavoprotein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced iron-sulfur protein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced pteridine and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced ascorbate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced to two molecules of water.
Catalysis of the reaction: neurosporene + donor-H2 + O2 = lycopene + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: neurosporene + donor-H2 + O2 = lycopene + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + linoleate + O(2) = A + crepenynate + 2 H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + linoleate + O(2) = A + crepenynate + 2 H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + linoleate + O(2) = A + crepenynate + 2 H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + linoleate + O(2) = A + crepenynate + 2 H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + linoleate + O(2) = A + crepenynate + 2 H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + linoleate + O(2) = A + crepenynate + 2 H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + linoleate + O(2) = A + crepenynate + 2 H(2)O.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a superoxide radical (O2- or O2.-) acts as a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction in which the oxidation state of metal ion is altered.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction in which the oxidation state of metal ion is altered and NAD+ or NADP+ acts as an electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction in which the oxidation state of metal ion is altered and oxygen acts as an electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide group.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an iron-sulfur protein acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an iron-sulfur protein acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an iron-sulfur protein acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces dinitrogen.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which reduced flavodoxin acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which reduced flavodoxin acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces dinitrogen.
Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
Catalysis of the transfer of a one-carbon group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a hydroxymethyl- or formyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a carboxyl- or carbamoyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of an aldehyde or ketonic group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of an aldehyde or ketonic group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl (3-carboxypropanoyl) group to an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl group to a sulfur atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a sinapoyl group to an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a sinapoyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose = D-glucose + sinapoyl (S)-malate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose = D-glucose + sinapoyl (S)-malate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose = D-glucose + sinapoyl (S)-malate.
Catalysis of the transfer of an amino-acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the reaction: glutathione + Glu(-Cys)(n)-Gly = Gly + Glu(-Cys)(n+1)-Gly.
Catalysis of the reaction: glutathione + Glu(-Cys)(n)-Gly = Gly + Glu(-Cys)(n+1)-Gly.
Catalysis of the reaction: glutathione + Glu(-Cys)(n)-Gly = Gly + Glu(-Cys)(n+1)-Gly.
Catalysis of the reaction: glutathione + Glu(-Cys)(n)-Gly = Gly + Glu(-Cys)(n+1)-Gly.
Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside-disphosphate-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = nucleoside-disphosphate + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = GDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = GDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = GDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = GDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = GDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = GDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-glucose + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n) = GDP + ((1,4)-beta-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Catalysis of the cleavage of a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan.
Catalysis of the transfer of a pentosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of an alkyl or aryl (but not methyl) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of an alkyl or aryl (but not methyl) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + prephytoene diphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + prephytoene diphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + prephytoene diphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + prephytoene diphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosylmethioninamine + spermidine = 5'-methylthioadenosine + spermine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosylmethioninamine + spermidine = 5'-methylthioadenosine + spermine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosylmethioninamine + spermidine = 5'-methylthioadenosine + spermine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the reversible transfer of an oxime group to an acceptor.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a carboxyl group (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a nitrogenous group (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a phosphate group (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a diphosphate group from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant.
Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of two phosphate groups from a donor, such as ATP, to two different acceptors.
Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfur-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-mercaptopyruvate + cyanide = pyruvate + thiocyanate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-mercaptopyruvate + cyanide = pyruvate + thiocyanate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-mercaptopyruvate + cyanide = pyruvate + thiocyanate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-mercaptopyruvate + cyanide = pyruvate + thiocyanate.
Catalysis of the transfer of a selenium-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the transfer of a selenium-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond.
Catalysis of the reaction: RCO-SR' + H2O = RCOOH + HSR'. This reaction is the hydrolysis of a thiolester bond, an ester formed from a carboxylic acid and a thiol (i.e., RCO-SR'), such as that found in acetyl-coenzyme A.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a triphosphoester to give a triphosphate group and a free hydroxyl group.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a diphosphoester to give a diphosphate group and a free hydroxyl group.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphoric triester.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 5' phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 3' phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any N-glycosyl bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ether or thioether bond, -O- or -S- respectively.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a thioether bond, -S-.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a thioether bond, -S-.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an ether bond, -O-.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amide.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amide.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a nitrile, a compound containing the cyano radical, -CN.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains a sulfonyl group, -SO2-.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid carbon-carbon bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid carbon-carbon bond in a ketonic substance, a substance containing a keto (C=O) group.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid halide bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid phosphorus-nitrogen bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid sulfur-nitrogen bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid carbon-phosphorus bond.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid sulfur-sulfur bond.
Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring.
Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond.
Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond in a molecule containing a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group to form two smaller molecules, each being an aldehyde or a ketone.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond in a molecule containing a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group to form two smaller molecules, each being an aldehyde or a ketone.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, of a 3-hydroxy acid.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, of a 3-hydroxy acid.
Catalysis of the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a carbon-oxygen bond by elimination of water.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a carbon-oxygen bond by the elimination of an alcohol from a polysaccharide.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a carbon-oxygen bond by elimination of a phosphate.
Catalysis of the release of ammonia or one of its derivatives, with the formation of a double bond or ring. Enzymes with this activity may catalyze the actual elimination of the ammonia, amine or amide, e.g. CH-CH(-NH-R) = C=CH- + NH2-R. Others, however, catalyze elimination of another component, e.g. water, which is followed by spontaneous reactions that lead to breakage of the C-N bond, e.g. L-serine ammonia-lyase (EC:4.3.1.17), so that the overall reaction is C(-OH)-CH(-NH2) = CH2-CO- + NH3, i.e. an elimination with rearrangement. The sub-subclasses of EC:4.3 are the ammonia-lyases (EC:4.3.1), lyases acting on amides, amidines, etc. (EC:4.3.2), the amine-lyases (EC:4.3.3), and other carbon-nitrogen lyases (EC:4.3.99).
Catalysis of the release of ammonia by the cleavage of a carbon-nitrogen bond or the reverse reaction with ammonia as a substrate.
Catalysis of the release of amides or amidines by the cleavage of a carbon-nitrogen bond or the reverse reaction with an amide or amidine as a substrate.
Catalysis of the release of amines by the cleavage of a carbon-nitrogen bond or the reverse reaction with an amine as a substrate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha(S)-strictosidine + H(2)O = secologanin + tryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha(S)-strictosidine + H(2)O = secologanin + tryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha(S)-strictosidine + H(2)O = secologanin + tryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha(S)-strictosidine + H(2)O = secologanin + tryptamine.
Catalysis of the elimination of hydrogen sulfide or substituted H2S.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+).
Catalysis of the breakage of a bond between carbon and any halogen atom.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H(2)O + Mg(2+) + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 2 H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: sirohydrochlorin + Co2+ = cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: sirohydrochlorin + Co2+ = cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: sirohydrochlorin + Co2+ = cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: sirohydrochlorin + Co2+ = cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: sirohydrochlorin + Co2+ = cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: sirohydrochlorin + Co2+ = cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5.
Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a molecule.
Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in an amino acid.
Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a hydroxy acid molecule.
Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a carbohydrate molecule.
Catalysis of a reaction that interconverts cis and trans isomers. Atoms or groups are termed cis or trans to one another when they lie respectively on the same or on opposite sides of a reference plane identifiable as common among stereoisomers.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor, which is an aldose or a ketose, are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor, which is a keto- or an enol-group, are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule are rearranged, and no oxidized product appears.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, one or more sulfur-sulfur bonds in the molecule are rearranged, and no oxidized product appears.
Catalysis of the transfer of a functional group from one position to another within a single molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a functional group from one position to another within a single molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one position to another within a single molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from one position to another within a single molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene = cycloartenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene = cycloartenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene = cycloartenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene = cycloartenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene = cycloartenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene = cycloartenol.
The catalysis of certain rearrangements of a molecule to break or form a ring.
Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the joining of two molecules via a carbon-oxygen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the joining of two molecules via a carbon-sulfur bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the joining of an acid and a thiol via a carbon-sulfur bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the joining of two molecules, or two groups within a single molecule, via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to ammonia (NH3) or an amide via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the joining of two groups within a single molecule via a carbon-nitrogen bond, forming heterocyclic ring, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the transfer of the amide nitrogen of glutamine to a variety of substrates. GATases catalyze two separate reactions at two active sites, which are located either on a single polypeptide chain or on different subunits. In the glutaminase reaction, glutamine is hydrolyzed to glutamate and ammonia, which is added to an acceptor substrate in the synthase reaction.
Catalysis of the joining of two molecules via a carbon-carbon bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the joining of two molecules, or two groups within a single molecule, via a phosphoric ester bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 3'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages at specific sites within a deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 3'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 3'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 3'-phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 5' phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 5' phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 5' phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 5' phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 3' phosphomonoesters.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome molecule.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide molecule.
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or a similar acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.
Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
Catalysis of the phosphorylation of proteins. A family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Strongly activated by stress signals such as heat or osmotic shock, DNA-damaging agents, inhibitors of protein synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Catalysis of the phosphorylation of proteins. A family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Strongly activated by stress signals such as heat or osmotic shock, DNA-damaging agents, inhibitors of protein synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Catalysis of the phosphorylation of proteins. A family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Strongly activated by stress signals such as heat or osmotic shock, DNA-damaging agents, inhibitors of protein synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The action characteristic of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a gonadotrophic glycoprotein hormone secreted, in mammals, by the anterior pituitary gland. Upon receptor binding, FSH stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in the ovaries in females, and stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules to increase spermatogenesis.
The action characteristic of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a gonadotrophic glycoprotein hormone secreted, in mammals, by the anterior pituitary gland. Upon receptor binding, FSH stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in the ovaries in females, and stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules to increase spermatogenesis.
The action characteristic of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a gonadotrophic glycoprotein hormone secreted, in mammals, by the anterior pituitary gland. Upon receptor binding, FSH stimulates growth of Graafian follicles in the ovaries in females, and stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules to increase spermatogenesis.
A gonadotrophic glycoprotein hormone secreted, in mammals, by the anterior pituitary gland; consists of alpha and beta subunits, the latter of which confers hormonal specificity.
A gonadotrophic glycoprotein hormone secreted, in mammals, by the anterior pituitary gland; consists of alpha and beta subunits, the latter of which confers hormonal specificity.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.
Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a ligand dependent manner, with a nuclear receptor protein.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a ligand dependent manner, with a nuclear receptor protein.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a thyroid hormone receptor.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein.
The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide or isopeptide bonds within SUMO, or between the SUMO and a larger protein to which it has been conjugated.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide or isopeptide bonds within SUMO, or between the SUMO and a larger protein to which it has been conjugated.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which chloride ions may pass in response to glycine binding to the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor, where the acyl group is a short branched chain fatty acid residue.
A complex of two kinesin heavy chains and two kinesin light chains.
A complex consisting of two distinct motor subunits that form a heterodimer complexed with a third non-motor accessory subunit, the kinesin associated protein or KAP; the KIF3 heterodimer interacts via its C-terminal portion with KAP, which is thought to regulate the binding of the motor to cargo membranes.
Combining with a natriuretic peptide and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.
A complex of proteins which includes the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and a number of IGF-binding proteins. The complex plays a role in growth and development.
Combining with alpha-2 macroglobulin and delivering alpha-2 macroglobulin into the cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 ferricytochrome c + nitrous oxide = 2 H(+) + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 nitric oxide.
Catalysis of the formation of disulfide bridges.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4 R'C(R)SH + O2 = 2 R'C(R)S-S(R)CR' + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4 R'C(R)SH + O2 = 2 R'C(R)S-S(R)CR' + 2 H2O.
The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of beta-1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine residues in a partly acetylated chitosan.
Catalysis of the lipoylation of a protein in two steps: ATP + (R)-lipoate + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP + diphosphate (overall reaction): (1) ATP + (R)-lipoate = lipoyl-AMP + diphosphate; (2) lipoyl-AMP + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP.
Catalysis of the lipoylation of a protein in two steps: ATP + (R)-lipoate + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP + diphosphate (overall reaction): (1) ATP + (R)-lipoate = lipoyl-AMP + diphosphate; (2) lipoyl-AMP + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP.
Catalysis of the lipoylation of a protein in two steps: ATP + (R)-lipoate + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP + diphosphate (overall reaction): (1) ATP + (R)-lipoate = lipoyl-AMP + diphosphate; (2) lipoyl-AMP + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP.
Catalysis of the lipoylation of a protein in two steps: ATP + (R)-lipoate + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP + diphosphate (overall reaction): (1) ATP + (R)-lipoate = lipoyl-AMP + diphosphate; (2) lipoyl-AMP + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP.
Catalysis of the lipoylation of a protein in two steps: ATP + (R)-lipoate + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP + diphosphate (overall reaction): (1) ATP + (R)-lipoate = lipoyl-AMP + diphosphate; (2) lipoyl-AMP + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP.
Catalysis of the lipoylation of a protein in two steps: ATP + (R)-lipoate + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP + diphosphate (overall reaction): (1) ATP + (R)-lipoate = lipoyl-AMP + diphosphate; (2) lipoyl-AMP + a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-L-lysine = a [lipoyl-carrier protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP.
Catalysis of the reaction: creatine + H(2)O = sarcosine + urea.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + CO2 + H2O = 2 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.
The function of binding to a sigma factor and stopping, preventing or reducing the rate of its transcriptional activity.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + H2O = L-citrulline + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + H2O = L-citrulline + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + H2O = L-citrulline + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + H2O = L-citrulline + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-8X = hydrogenobyrinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-8X = hydrogenobyrinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-8X = hydrogenobyrinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-8X = hydrogenobyrinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-6B + NADP+ = precorrin-6A + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-6B + NADP+ = precorrin-6A + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-6B + NADP+ = precorrin-6A + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-6B + NADP+ = precorrin-6A + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + O2 = cholest-5-en-3-one + H2O2.
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + O2 = cholest-5-en-3-one + H2O2.
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + O2 = cholest-5-en-3-one + H2O2.
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + O2 = cholest-5-en-3-one + H2O2.
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + O2 = cholest-5-en-3-one + H2O2.
Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + O2 = cholest-5-en-3-one + H2O2.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of alpha-glycosidic linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
Combining with activin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Activin is one of two gonadal glycoproteins related to transforming growth factor beta.
The covalent linkage of heme and a protein.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cytochrome complex. A cytochrome complex is a protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of 3'-phosphotyrosyl groups formed as covalent intermediates (in DNA backbone breakage) between DNA topoisomerase I and DNA.
The covalent linking of a tetrapyrrole to a protein.
The covalent linkage of bilin and a protein.
The linkage of the chromophore phycobiliviolin to phycoerythrocyanin.
The linkage of the chromophore phycocyanobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin.
The linkage of the chromophore phycourobilin to phycoerythrins.
The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrins.
The linkage of the chromophore phytochromobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin.
The addition of a flavin group to a protein amino acid.
The covalent addition of a nitric oxide group to an amino acid within a protein.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Catalysis of the reaction: MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphate + H2O = MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphomyosin + H2O = myosin + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphomyosin + H2O = myosin + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphomyosin + H2O = myosin + phosphate.
Modulation of the activity of the enzyme myosin phosphatase.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a myosin complex; myosins are any of a superfamily of molecular motor proteins that bind to actin and use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to generate force and movement along actin filaments.
An enzyme complex that catalyzes the removal of the phosphate group from phosphomyosin.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a class I myosin; myosin I heavy chains are single-headed, possess tails of various lengths, and do not self-associate into bipolar filaments.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a member of the class of TATA-binding proteins (TBP), including any of the TBP-related factors (TRFs).
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a member of the class of TATA-binding proteins (TBP), including any of the TBP-related factors (TRFs).
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a member of the class of TATA-binding proteins (TBP), including any of the TBP-related factors (TRFs).
Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + K+(out) = amino acid(in) + K+(in).
Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rap family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.
The targeting and directed movement of proteins into a cell or organelle.  Not all import involves an initial targeting event.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a fatty acid + sphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a fatty acid + sphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a fatty acid + sphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = lactosyl-N-acylsphingosine + D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = lactosyl-N-acylsphingosine + D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = lactosyl-N-acylsphingosine + D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = lactosyl-N-acylsphingosine + D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = lactosyl-N-acylsphingosine + D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = lactosyl-N-acylsphingosine + D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a sugar + N-acylsphingosine.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.
The action characteristic of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, any of three peptide hormones that are produced by the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland and, upon receptor binding, cause dispersal of melanosomes in melanophores of poikilothermic vertebrates.
The action characteristic of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, any of three peptide hormones that are produced by the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland and, upon receptor binding, cause dispersal of melanosomes in melanophores of poikilothermic vertebrates.
The action characteristic of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, any of three peptide hormones that are produced by the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland and, upon receptor binding, cause dispersal of melanosomes in melanophores of poikilothermic vertebrates.
The action characteristic of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), any of a number of peptides released by the mammalian hypothalamus into the hypophyseal-portal circulation in response to neural and/or chemical stimuli. Upon receptor binding, CRH increases the rate of corticotropin secretion by the anterior pituitary.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any peptide with hormonal activity in animals.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the GTP-bound form of the Rho protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: sphingosine + ATP = sphingosine 1-phosphate + ADP.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + retinol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + anhydroretinol.
A protein complex that possesses activity that prevents or downregulates transcription.
A heterodimeric protein complex that can stably associate with TATA-binding protein on promoters, thereby preventing the assembly of transcription factors TFIIA and TFIIB and leading to repression of RNA polymerase II transcription. The two subunits, NC2alpha (Drap1) and NC2beta (Dr1), dimerize through histone fold domains of the H2A/H2B type present in the amino termini.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-O-phosphono-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + H(2)O = 6-phospho-D-gluconate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-O-phosphono-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + H(2)O = 6-phospho-D-gluconate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-O-phosphono-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + H(2)O = 6-phospho-D-gluconate + H(+).
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a FH1 domain of a protein, a proline-rich domain, usually located in front of a FH2 domain.
An enzyme complex that catalyzes the transfer of a palmitoyl on to serine, forming 3-dehydro-D-sphinganine.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex, a transmembrane lipoprotein complex that it catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex, a transmembrane lipoprotein complex that it catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex, a transmembrane lipoprotein complex that it catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex, a transmembrane lipoprotein complex that it catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex, a transmembrane lipoprotein complex that it catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex, a transmembrane lipoprotein complex that it catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylserine + H2O = 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine + fatty acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-acyl-2-lysophosphatidylserine + H2O = sn-glycerol-phosphoserine + a carboxylate.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a fatty acid amide to yield a fatty acid.
Catalysis of the cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar, releasing a free base and leaving an apyrimidinic (AP) site. Enzymes with this activity recognize and remove uracil bases present in single-stranded DNA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + L-tyrosine methyl ester = L-tyrosine methyl ester 4-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + L-tyrosine methyl ester = L-tyrosine methyl ester 4-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + L-tyrosine methyl ester = L-tyrosine methyl ester 4-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + L-tyrosine methyl ester = L-tyrosine methyl ester 4-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + L-tyrosine methyl ester = L-tyrosine methyl ester 4-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H(+).
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA).
A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which cations ions may pass in response to an intracellular cyclic nucleotide binding to the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-1.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with purine nucleotides, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate.
Enables the transfer of protons from mitochondrial intermembrane space into mitochondrial matrix, dissipating the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane established by the electron transport chain during the oxidative phosphorylation (proton leak). Proton leak uncouples the processes of electron transport/proton generation and ATP synthesis.
Enables the transfer of protons from mitochondrial intermembrane space into mitochondrial matrix, dissipating the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane established by the electron transport chain during the oxidative phosphorylation (proton leak). Proton leak uncouples the processes of electron transport/proton generation and ATP synthesis.
Enables the transfer of protons from mitochondrial intermembrane space into mitochondrial matrix, dissipating the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane established by the electron transport chain during the oxidative phosphorylation (proton leak). Proton leak uncouples the processes of electron transport/proton generation and ATP synthesis.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock.
Modulates the activity of a sodium channel.
Modulates the activity of a chloride channel.
Combining with a mineralocorticoid and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + ATP + NADPH = ADP + L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde + NADP+ + phosphate.
A protein complex that catalyzes the reaction 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + lipoamide = S-(2-methylpropanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide + carbon dioxide (CO2). This requires thiamine diphosphate; the enzyme also acts on (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate and 4-methyl-2-oxo-pentanoate.
A protein complex that catalyzes the reaction 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + lipoamide = S-(2-methylpropanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide + carbon dioxide (CO2). This requires thiamine diphosphate; the enzyme also acts on (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate and 4-methyl-2-oxo-pentanoate.
A protein complex that catalyzes the reaction 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + lipoamide = S-(2-methylpropanoyl)-dihydrolipoamide + carbon dioxide (CO2). This requires thiamine diphosphate; the enzyme also acts on (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate and 4-methyl-2-oxo-pentanoate.
A protein complex that consists of a catalytic alpha subunit (alpha-MPP) and a regulatory beta subunit (beta-MPP), and catalyzes the release of N-terminal targeting peptides from precursor proteins imported into the mitochondrion.
Enables the directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.
A protein complex that is located in the cell membrane, and is involved in the metabolism of peptides, including neuropeptides. The complex has metalloendopeptidase activity that catalyzes the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates, preferentially on carboxyl side of hydrophobic residues.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a region of RNA containing frequent adenine and uridine bases.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a region of RNA containing frequent adenine and uridine bases.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a region of RNA containing frequent adenine and uridine bases.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + heparan sulfate = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfate; results in 6-O-sulfation of glucosamine residues in heparan sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + heparan sulfate = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfate; results in 6-O-sulfation of glucosamine residues in heparan sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the sulfonylurea receptor, a regulatory subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium ion channel.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the sulfonylurea receptor, a regulatory subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium ion channel.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor, where the acyl group is a very long chain fatty acid residue. A very long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid which has a chain length greater than C22.
A multienzyme complex found in all multicellular eukaryotes composed of eight proteins with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities (abbreviated as: ArgRS, AspRS, GluProRS, GlnRS, IleRS, LeuRS, LysRS, MetRS where RS is the enzyme, preceded by the amino acid it uses as a substrate) as well as three non-synthetase proteins (p43, p38, and p18) with diverse functions. Several of these subunits are known dimers, so the total polypeptide count in the multisynthetase complex is at least fifteen. All of the enzymes in this assembly catalyze the same reaction, the covalent attachment of an amino acid to either the 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl of the 3'-terminal adenosine of tRNA, but using different substrates.
A multienzyme complex found in all multicellular eukaryotes composed of eight proteins with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities (abbreviated as: ArgRS, AspRS, GluProRS, GlnRS, IleRS, LeuRS, LysRS, MetRS where RS is the enzyme, preceded by the amino acid it uses as a substrate) as well as three non-synthetase proteins (p43, p38, and p18) with diverse functions. Several of these subunits are known dimers, so the total polypeptide count in the multisynthetase complex is at least fifteen. All of the enzymes in this assembly catalyze the same reaction, the covalent attachment of an amino acid to either the 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl of the 3'-terminal adenosine of tRNA, but using different substrates.
A complex consisting of methionyl- and glutamyl-tRNA synthetases. The tRNA synthetases present in the complex bind to their cognate tRNAs more efficiently than they do as monomers.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UTP = diphosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = delta11-acyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + reduced acceptor + O2 = delta11-acyl-CoA + acceptor + 2 H2O.
A molecular function that modulates the activity of a gene product or complex.  Examples include enzyme regulators and channel regulators.
Catalysis of the cleavage of a 5' flap structure in DNA, but not other DNA structures; processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis.
An enzyme complex that catalyzes the ligation of glutamate to cysteine, forming glutamylcysteine.
Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rab family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, in the presence of single-stranded DNA; drives the unwinding of a DNA helix.
A protein complex that possesses single-stranded DNA-dependent DNA helicase activity.
Catalysis of the transfer of the lipoyl group from lipoyl-AMP to the lysine residue of lipoate-dependent enzyme.
A  multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) that has a role in tethering vesicles to the Golgi prior to fusion. In yeast, this complex is called the Sec34/35 complex and is composed of eight subunits (Sec34p, Sec35p, Dor1p, Cod1p, Cod2p, Cod3p, Cod4p, and Cod5p). In mammals the subunits are named COG1-8.
A  multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) that has a role in tethering vesicles to the Golgi prior to fusion. In yeast, this complex is called the Sec34/35 complex and is composed of eight subunits (Sec34p, Sec35p, Dor1p, Cod1p, Cod2p, Cod3p, Cod4p, and Cod5p). In mammals the subunits are named COG1-8.
A  multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) that has a role in tethering vesicles to the Golgi prior to fusion. In yeast, this complex is called the Sec34/35 complex and is composed of eight subunits (Sec34p, Sec35p, Dor1p, Cod1p, Cod2p, Cod3p, Cod4p, and Cod5p). In mammals the subunits are named COG1-8.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol + orthophosphate.
Heterotrimeric enzyme complex, which in humans is composed of two large subunits of the same size, and one smaller subunit. Functions in the addition of nucleotide-activated sugars onto the polypeptide.
Heterotrimeric enzyme complex, which in humans is composed of two large subunits of the same size, and one smaller subunit. Functions in the addition of nucleotide-activated sugars onto the polypeptide.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins.
Catalysis of the insertion of a dCMP residue opposite a template abasic site in DNA.
Catalysis of the insertion of a dCMP residue opposite a template abasic site in DNA.
A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Enables the directed movement of cholesterol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Cholesterol is the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.
Catalysis of the movement of phospholipids from one membrane bilayer leaflet to the other, by an ATP-independent mechanism.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any triester of glycerol.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of cytosine residues in an RNA molecule.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of cytosine residues in an RNA molecule.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with U-rich sequence in the 3'-end of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs; required for cytoplasmic polyadenylylation.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with U-rich sequence in the 3'-end of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs; required for cytoplasmic polyadenylylation.
Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase, when activated by cAMP binding.
A protein complex located in the mitochondrion. It contains flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) that, together with an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, forms a system that oxidizes an acyl-CoA molecule and reduces ubiquinone and other acceptors in the mitochondrial electron transport system.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a fibroblast growth factor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any enzyme.
Catalysis of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction requires the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rab protein, any member of the Rab subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rab protein, any member of the Rab subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rab protein, any member of the Rab subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Rab protein, any member of the Rab subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenic stimulus from compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenic stimulus from compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antibiotic stimulus. An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving insecticides, chemicals used to kill insects.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving insecticides, chemicals used to kill insects.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a drug, a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease; as used here antibiotic substances (see antibiotic metabolism) are considered to be drugs, even if not used in medical or veterinary practice.
The self-renewing division of a stem cell. A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell, in the embryo or adult, that can undergo unlimited division and give rise to one or several different cell types.
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. NMDA receptors are composed of assemblies of NR1 subunits (Figure 3) and NR2 subunits, which can be one of four separate gene products (NR2A-D). Expression of both subunits are required to form functional channels. The glutamate binding domain is formed at the junction of NR1 and NR2 subunits. NMDA receptors are permeable to calcium ions as well as being permeable to other ions. Thus NMDA receptor activation leads to a calcium influx into the post-synaptic cells, a signal thought to be crucial for the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent LTP and LTD.
An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. NMDA receptors are composed of assemblies of NR1 subunits (Figure 3) and NR2 subunits, which can be one of four separate gene products (NR2A-D). Expression of both subunits are required to form functional channels. The glutamate binding domain is formed at the junction of NR1 and NR2 subunits. NMDA receptors are permeable to calcium ions as well as being permeable to other ions. Thus NMDA receptor activation leads to a calcium influx into the post-synaptic cells, a signal thought to be crucial for the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent LTP and LTD.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Wnt-protein, a secreted growth factor involved in signaling.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-uracil + acceptor = tRNA-dihydrouridine + reduced acceptor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the enzyme DEAD/H-box RNA helicase.
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in).
Combining with a semaphorin, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
The release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell, induced by a rise in cytosolic calcium-ion levels.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantetheine + H(2)O = (R)-pantothenate + cysteamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantetheine + H(2)O = (R)-pantothenate + cysteamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantetheine + H(2)O = (R)-pantothenate + cysteamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantetheine + H(2)O = (R)-pantothenate + cysteamine.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Ral protein, any member of the Ral subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Ral protein, any member of the Ral subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Ral protein, any member of the Ral subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol 1,3-bisphosphate + phosphate.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with vinculin, a protein found in muscle, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells that binds actin and appears to mediate attachment of actin filaments to integral proteins of the plasma membrane.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxo-L-proline + ATP + 2 H(2)O = L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: CDP + alcohol = CMP + phosphatidyl alcohol.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a substrate by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + O(2) = 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sarcosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sarcosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sarcosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sarcosine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-GMP + H2O = guanosine + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-GMP + H2O = guanosine + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + phosphatidylinositol = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + phosphatidylinositol = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + phosphatidylinositol = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + phosphatidylinositol = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol.
A heterodimeric complex that catalyzes the trimming of glucose residues from N-linked core glycans on newly synthesized glycoproteins.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + diphthine + NH(4)(+) = ADP + diphthamide + H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + diphthine + NH(4)(+) = ADP + diphthamide + H(+) + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + diphthine + NH(4)(+) = ADP + diphthamide + H(+) + phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptidyl-diphthine, a modified histidine residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-diphthine from other compounds, including peptidyl-histidine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-diphthine from other compounds, including peptidyl-histidine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-diphthine from other compounds, including peptidyl-histidine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidyl-diphthine, a modified histidine residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidyl-diphthine, a modified histidine residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidyl-diphthine, a modified histidine residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptidyl-diphthamide, a modified histidine residue.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine to 2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine, known as diphthamide, found in translation elongation factor EF-2. The process occurs in eukaryotes and archaea but not eubacteria.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine to 2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine, known as diphthamide, found in translation elongation factor EF-2. The process occurs in eukaryotes and archaea but not eubacteria.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine to 2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine, known as diphthamide, found in translation elongation factor EF-2. The process occurs in eukaryotes and archaea but not eubacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidyl-diphthamide, a modified histidine residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidyl-diphthamide, a modified histidine residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidyl-diphthamide, a modified histidine residue.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-hydroxylysine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-pyroglutamic acid, catalyzed by glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-pyroglutamic acid, catalyzed by glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-pyroglutamic acid, catalyzed by glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-pyroglutamic acid, catalyzed by glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-pyroglutamic acid, catalyzed by glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase.
The gamma-carboxylation of peptidyl-glutamic acid; catalyzed by the vitamin K dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-L-aspartate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-L-aspartate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-L-aspartate + CoA + H(+).
The acetylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins; catalyzed by peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase or other enzymes of this class, such as ribosomal-protein-alanine N-acetyltransferase.
The acetylation of the N-terminal aspartic acid of proteins; catalyzed by aspartate N-acetyltransferase.
The acetylation of a glutamine residue in protein to form the N5-methyl-L-glutamine derivative. The occurrence of this modification has not been confirmed. Its annotation in sequence databases is either due to the misidentification of 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, or to inappropriate homolog comparisons when proteolytic modification is more probable.
The acetylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetylglycine.
The acetylation of the N-terminal isoleucine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-isoleucine. The occurrence of this modification has not been confirmed.
The acetylation of the N-terminal lysine of proteins to form the derivative N2-acetyl-L-lysine. The occurrence of this modification has not been confirmed.
The acetylation of the N-terminal methionine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-methionine.
The acetylation of the N-terminal proline of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-proline.
The acetylation of the N-terminal serine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-serine.
The acetylation of the N-terminal threonine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-threonine; catalyzed by peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase.
The acetylation of the N-terminal tyrosine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-tyrosine.
The acetylation of the N-terminal tyrosine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-valine.
The acetylation of the N-terminal glutamic acid of proteins to form the derivate acetyl-glutamic acid.
The acetylation of the peptidyl-lysine of proteins to form the derivative peptidyl-N6-acetyl-L-lysine.
The formylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.
The formylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative N-formylglycine.
The glucuronylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.
The glucuronylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative D-glucuronyl-N-glycine.
The myristoylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative N-myristoyl-glycine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a nitrogen (N) atom in an N-terminal cysteine residue to form N-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + glycoprotein = CoA + N-palmitoylglycoprotein.
Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + glycoprotein = CoA + N-palmitoylglycoprotein.
The methylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins.
The trimethylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins to form the derivative peptidyl-N,N,N-trimethyl-L-alanine.
The methylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative N-methylglycine.
The methylation of the N-terminal methionine of proteins to form the derivative N-methyl-L-methionine.
The methylation of the N-terminal phenylalanine of proteins to form the derivative N-methyl-L-phenylalanine.
The methylation of the N-terminal proline of proteins to form the derivative N,N-dimethyl-L-proline.
The methylation of a glutamine residue in proteins to form the peptidyl-N5-methyl-L-glutamine derivative.
The addition of a methyl group to a glutamic acid residue in a protein.
The methylation of peptidyl-L-histidine to form peptidyl-L-1'-methyl-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-methylhistidine, tele-methylhistidine) or peptidyl-L-3'-methyl-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-methylhistidine, pros-methylhistidine).
The methylation of peptidyl-lysine to form either the mono-, di- or trimethylated derivative.
The methylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone N6-methyl-L-lysine. The methylation of peptidyl-lysine in histones forms N6-methyl-L-lysine, N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine and N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + calmodulin L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + calmodulin N6-methyl-L-lysine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + calmodulin L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + calmodulin N6-methyl-L-lysine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + calmodulin L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + calmodulin N6-methyl-L-lysine.
The methylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-methyl-L-lysine.
The methylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine.
The myristoylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-myristoyl-L-lysine.
The palmitoylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-palmitoyl-L-lysine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a myristoyl group to the N6 nitrogen atom on a lysine residue of a peptide or protein molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoyl group to the N6 nitrogen atom on a lysine residue of a peptide or protein molecule.
Addition of an amide group from a glycine to a protein amino acid.
The formation of a C-terminal amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-alanine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Ala-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-arginine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Arg-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-asparagine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Asn-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-aspartic acid 1-amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Asp-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Cys-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glutamine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Gln-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glutamic acid amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Glu-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glycine acid amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Gly-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-histidine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior His-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-isoleucine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Ile-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-leucine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Leu-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-lysine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Lys-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-methionine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Met-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-phenylalanine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Phe-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-proline amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Pro-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Ser-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-threonine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Thr-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-tryptophan amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Trp-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-tyrosine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Tyr-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-valine amide by hydrolysis and oxidation of an interior Val-Gly peptide in a secreted protein.
The covalent modification of peptidyl-lysine by biotin to form peptidyl-N6-biotinyl-L-lysine.
The oxidation of the terminal amino-methylene groups of peptidyl-L-lysine or peptidyl-5-hydroxy-L-lysine to aldehyde groups to form allysine or hydroxyallysine residues, respectively; these are intermediates in the formation of covalent cross-links between adjacent polypeptide chains in proteins such as collagens.
The oxidative deamination of the alpha carbon of an encoded N-terminal amino acid, to form pyruvic acid retaining an amide bond between its 1-carboxyl group and the adjacent residue. The pyruvate 2-oxo group may become an enzyme active site, or it may be reduced to an alcohol.
The oxidative deamination of N-terminal peptidyl-serine to form pyruvic acid with an amide bond between its 1-carboxyl group and the N-terminal residue.
The oxidative deamination of N-terminal peptidyl-cysteine to form pyruvic acid with an amide bond between its 1-carboxyl group and the N-terminal residue.
The modification of a N-terminal peptidyl-phenylalanine residue by either oxidative deamination or by transamination and subsequent reduction to form peptidyl-L-3-phenyllactic acid.
The modification of a N-terminal peptidyl-phenylalanine residue by either oxidative deamination or by transamination and subsequent reduction to form peptidyl-L-3-phenyllactic acid.
The modification of a N-terminal peptidyl-phenylalanine residue by either oxidative deamination or by transamination and subsequent reduction to form peptidyl-L-3-phenyllactic acid.
The modification of an N-terminal peptidyl-tryptophan residue to form peptidyl-N2-succinyl-L-tryptophan.
The linkage of cytochromes and other heme proteins to heme.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein N-methyl-L-histidine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein N-methyl-L-histidine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein N-methyl-L-histidine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein N-methyl-L-histidine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein N-methyl-L-histidine.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein N-methyl-L-histidine.
The covalent attachment of a cofactor to a protein.
The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4'-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA).
The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4'-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA).
The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4'-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA).
The modification of protein tyrosine to L-2',4',5'-topaquinone, characteristic of the active site of copper amine oxidases.
The modification of protein tyrosine to L-2',4',5'-topaquinone, characteristic of the active site of copper amine oxidases.
The modification of protein tyrosine to L-2',4',5'-topaquinone, characteristic of the active site of copper amine oxidases.
The cross-linking of a tryptophan residue to tryptophyl quinone to form 4'-(L-tryptophan)-L-tryptophyl quinone, a cofactor found at the active site of methylamine dehydrogenase.
The phosphopantetheinylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phosphopantetheine-L-serine.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + L-cysteine = nicotinamide + N2-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-glutamic acid residues by the covalent attachment of ethanolamine, itself further modified by the addition of a phosphoglycerol unit.
The modification of peptidyl-glutamic acid residues by the covalent attachment of ethanolamine, itself further modified by the addition of a phosphoglycerol unit.
The modification of peptidyl-glutamic acid residues by the covalent attachment of ethanolamine, itself further modified by the addition of a phosphoglycerol unit.
The addition of one or more bromine atoms to an amino acid residue in a protein.
The bromination of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-L-bromohistidine; the position of the bromine substitution is unknown.
The bromination of phenylalanine.
The acetylation of the N-terminal lysine of proteins.
The addition of one or more iodine atoms to an amino acid residue in a protein.
The iodination of peptidyl-thyronine, formed from tyrosine.
The addition of a halogen to a protein amino acid.
The bromination of peptidyl-tryptophan, to form peptidyl-L-6'-bromotryptophan.
The synthesis of (2R,6R)-lanthionine, sn-(2S,6R)-lanthionine or (2S,3S,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine, forming an intra-polypeptide cross-link between peptidyl-cysteine, and peptidyl-serine or peptidyl-threonine; dehydration of the serine or threonine residue to the alpha,beta-unsaturated amino acid is the first step; a bond then forms between the ethylene (ethene) group thus formed and the sulfur atom of a cysteine, with the inversion of the configuration of the alpha carbon of the serine or threonine occurring during the process.
The synthesis of (2R,6R)-lanthionine, sn-(2S,6R)-lanthionine or (2S,3S,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine, forming an intra-polypeptide cross-link between peptidyl-cysteine, and peptidyl-serine or peptidyl-threonine; dehydration of the serine or threonine residue to the alpha,beta-unsaturated amino acid is the first step; a bond then forms between the ethylene (ethene) group thus formed and the sulfur atom of a cysteine, with the inversion of the configuration of the alpha carbon of the serine or threonine occurring during the process.
The formation of (Z)-dehydrobutyrine by the dehydration of peptidyl-threonine.
The formation of (Z)-dehydrobutyrine by the dehydration of peptidyl-threonine.
The formation of (Z)-dehydrobutyrine by the dehydration of peptidyl-threonine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine or peptidyl-serine to peptidyl-L-3-oxoalanine; characteristic of the active sites of arylsulfatases.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine or peptidyl-serine to peptidyl-L-3-oxoalanine; characteristic of the active sites of arylsulfatases.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine or peptidyl-serine to peptidyl-L-3-oxoalanine; characteristic of the active sites of arylsulfatases.
The modification of N-terminal peptidyl-serine to lactic acid.
The modification of N-terminal peptidyl-serine to lactic acid.
The modification of N-terminal peptidyl-serine to lactic acid.
The process of conversion of a L-amino acid into its enantiomer, the corresponding D-amino acid.
The formation of peptidyl-D-alanine, by either racemization or from peptidyl-L-serine.
The racemization of peptidyl-asparagine.
The racemization of peptidyl-asparagine.
The addition of glycyl units covalently bound to the gamma carboxyl group peptidyl-glutamic acid.
The addition of one or more alpha-linked glutamyl units to the gamma carboxyl group of peptidyl-glutamic acid.
The synthesis of (S,Z)-S-(2-aminovinyl)cysteine forming an intra-polypeptide cross-link between serine and cysteine.
The synthesis of the chromophore S-4-hydroxycinnamyl-L-cysteine.
The hydrolysis of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-citrulline.
The hydrolysis of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-citrulline.
The hydrolysis of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-citrulline.
The hydrolysis of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-citrulline.
The hydrolysis of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-citrulline.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-4-hydroxy-L-arginine.
A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via a C atom.
The process of covalently linking peptidoglycan (murein) to proteins.
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-phospho-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-phosphohistidine, tele-phosphohistidine) or peptidyl-3'-phospho-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-phosphohistidine, pros-phosphohistidine).
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine.
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-arginine to form omega-N-phospho-L-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: histone L-arginine + ATP = histone N(omega)-phospho-L-arginine + ADP + 2 H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = D-methionine.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline = D-proline.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine = D-lysine.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine = D-threonine.
The modification of cysteine to form peptidyl-S-diphytanylglycerol diether-L-cysteine.
The modification of cysteine to form peptidyl-S-diphytanylglycerol diether-L-cysteine.
The modification of cysteine to form peptidyl-S-diphytanylglycerol diether-L-cysteine.
The adenylylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-lysine.
The addition of an adenylyl group (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP) to a protein amino acid.
The addition of an adenylyl group (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP) to a protein amino acid.
The addition of an adenylyl group (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP) to a protein amino acid.
The addition of an adenylyl group (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP) to a protein amino acid.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine by covalent addition of glutathione to form peptidyl-L-cysteine glutathione disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine by covalent addition of glutathione to form peptidyl-L-cysteine glutathione disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine by covalent addition of glutathione to form peptidyl-L-cysteine glutathione disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine by covalent addition of glutathione to form peptidyl-L-cysteine glutathione disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine by covalent addition of glutathione to form peptidyl-L-cysteine glutathione disulfide.
The covalent addition of a nitric oxide (NO) group to the sulphur (S) atom of a cysteine residue in a protein, to form peptidyl-S-nitrosyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent addition of a nitric oxide (NO) group to the sulphur (S) atom of a cysteine residue in a protein, to form peptidyl-S-nitrosyl-L-cysteine.
The transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to peptidyl-arginine to form omega-N-(ADP-ribosyl)-L-arginine.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + L-asparagine = nicotinamide + N2-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-asparagine.
The transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to peptidyl-asparagine to form peptidyl-N4-(ADP-ribosyl)-L-asparagine.
The transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-(ADP-ribosyl)-L-cysteine.
The cross-linking of the epsilon-amino group of a peptidyl-lysine with peptidyl-topaquinone, a modified tyrosine residue.
The methylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-methyl-L-cysteine.
The addition of a hydroxy group to a protein amino acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + L-serine = nicotinamide + N2-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-serine.
Catalysis of the reduction of a peptide-linked oxazoline to oxazole.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl serine-peptidyl cysteine cross-link by the condensation of a serine hydroxyl with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl serine-peptidyl cysteine cross-link by the condensation of a serine hydroxyl with the carbonyl of the preceding residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl serine-peptidyl glycine cross-link by the condensation of a serine hydroxyl with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
Catalysis of the reduction of a peptide-linked thiazoline to thiazole.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl glycine cross-link by the condensation of a cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl serine cross-link by the condensation of a cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl phenylalanine cross-link by the condensation of a cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl cysteine cross-link by the condensation of a cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl lysine cross-link by the condensation of a cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a protein.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between a nucleic acid and a protein.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between RNA and a protein.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a peptidyl-serine residue by the formation of O-(phospho-5'-DNA)-L-serine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein via L-selenocysteinyl molybdenum bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide).
The formation of a covalent cross-link between RNA and a peptidyl-tyrosine residue by the formation of O4'-(phospho-5'-RNA)-L-tyrosine.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between or within protein chains.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine and peptidyl-tyrosine to form a 3-(3'-L-histidyl)-L-tyrosine protein cross-link.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine and peptidyl-tyrosine to form a protein cross-link.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine and peptidyl-tyrosine to form a 3'-(1'-L-histidyl)-L-tyrosine protein cross-link.
The formation of an isopeptide cross-link between peptidyl-lysine and peptidyl-glutamine to produce N6-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-lysine.
The formation of a protein-protein cross-link between peptidyl-serine and peptidyl-cysteine by the synthesis of (2R,6R)-lanthionine (L-lanthionine).
The formation of a protein-protein cross-link between peptidyl-serine and peptidyl-cysteine by the synthesis of sn-(2S,6R)-lanthionine (meso-lanthione).
The formation of a protein-protein cross-link between peptidyl-threonine and peptidyl-cysteine by the synthesis of (2S,3S,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine (3-methyl-L-lanthionine).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl serine-peptidyl glycine, or peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl glycine cross-link by the condensation of the serine hydroxyl or cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl serine-peptidyl glycine, or peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl glycine cross-link by the condensation of the serine hydroxyl or cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl serine-peptidyl glycine, or peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl glycine cross-link by the condensation of the serine hydroxyl or cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a peptidyl serine-peptidyl glycine, or peptidyl cysteine-peptidyl glycine cross-link by the condensation of the serine hydroxyl or cysteine thiol with the carbonyl of the preceding residue and alpha-beta dehydrogenation.
The modification of a protein amino acid by oxidation.
The oxidation of peptidyl-L-methionine to peptidyl-L-methionine sulfone.
The covalent binding of a pyrromethane (dipyrrin) cofactor to protein via the sulfur atom of cysteine forming dipyrrolylmethanemethyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent binding of a pyrromethane (dipyrrin) cofactor to protein via the sulfur atom of cysteine forming dipyrrolylmethanemethyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent binding of a pyrromethane (dipyrrin) cofactor to protein via the sulfur atom of cysteine forming dipyrrolylmethanemethyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent binding of a pyrromethane (dipyrrin) cofactor to protein via the sulfur atom of cysteine forming dipyrrolylmethanemethyl-L-cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.
The formation of a cross-link between peptidyl-cysteine and peptidyl-threonine via the formation of S-(2-aminovinyl)-3-methyl-D-cysteine.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a peptidyl-tyrosine residue by the formation of O4'-(phospho-5'-DNA)-L-tyrosine.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a peptidyl-threonine residue by the formation of O-(phospho-5'-DNA)-L-threonine.
The uridylylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-tyrosine, found in glutamine synthetase.
The ATP-dependent addition of a tyrosine residue to the C-terminus of a protein; typically the addition of tyrosine to the C-terminus of detyrosinated alpha-tubulin by the enzyme tubulin-tyrosine ligase.
The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrin via phycoerythrobilin-bis-L-cysteine.
The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrocyanin via S-phycoerythrobilin-L-cysteine.
Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of one or more glutamic acid residues to the C-terminus of ribosomal protein S6.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-polyglutamic acid to form a peptidyl-N-L-glutamyl-poly-L-glutamic acid C-terminus.
The oxidation of peptidyl-cysteine to peptidyl-L-cysteine sulfinic acid or peptidyl-L-cysteine sulfenic acid.
The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4',5'-dihydroxyphenylalanine.
The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4',5'-dihydroxyphenylalanine.
The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4',5'-dihydroxyphenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-1-thioglycine from other compounds, including peptidyl-glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-1-thioglycine from other compounds, including peptidyl-glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-1-thioglycine from other compounds, including peptidyl-glycine.
The linkage of protein to heme P460.
The addition of a nucleotide to a protein amino acid.
The addition of phospho-uridine to a protein amino acid.
The adenylylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-threonine.
The removal of a sulfur group from a protein amino acid.
The removal of a sulfur group from a protein amino acid.
The removal of a sulfur group from a protein amino acid.
The removal of a sulfur group from a protein amino acid.
The methylation of peptidyl-arginine on the carbon 5 (C5) residue to form peptidyl-5-methyl-L-arginine.
The covalent linkage of heme and a protein via 3'-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-heme-histidine, pros-heme-histidine).
The modification of a protein amino acid by polyamination.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine by the addition of an N6-propylamino and of propylmethylamino units, forming N6-(propylamino-poly(propylmethylamino)-propyldimethylamine)-L-lysine, typical of the silicate binding protein silaffin.
The covalent linkage of heme to peroxidase.
The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein by L-cysteinyl molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide.
The modification of peptidyl-proline to form trans-2,3-cis-3,4-dihydroxy-L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.
The modification of a protein amino acid by formation of an ester or amide with octanoic acid.
The octanoylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O3-octanoyl-L-serine, typical of the protein ghrelin.
The formation of an enzyme active site via modification of peptidyl-cysteine to peptidyl-L-cysteine persulfide.
The alteration of an amino acid residue in a peptide.
The modification of peptidyl-alanine.
The modification of peptidyl-arginine.
The modification of peptidyl-asparagine.
The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-glutamine.
The modification of peptidyl-glutamic acid.
The modification of peptidyl-glycine.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine.
The modification of peptidyl-isoleucine.
The modification of peptidyl-leucine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-methionine.
The modification of peptidyl-phenylalanine.
The modification of peptidyl-proline.
The modification of peptidyl-serine.
The modification of peptidyl-threonine.
The chemical alteration of a tryptophan residue in a peptide.
The modification of peptidyl-tyrosine.
The modification of peptidyl-valine.
The addition of a carboxy group to a protein amino acid.
The modification of a protein amino acid by phosphopantetheinylation.
The addition of a methyl group to an arginine residue in a protein.
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-aspartic acid.
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-phospho-L-cysteine.
The acetylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-acetyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to an oxygen (O) atom in a threonine residue to form peptidyl-O-palmitoyl-L-threonine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to an oxygen (O) atom in a serine residue to form peptidyl-O-palmitoyl-L-serine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine; the residue may be found at the first position in the sequence motif C-X-X-(SAQCMT)* where the second and third positions are usually aliphatic.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine; the residue may be found at the first position in the sequence motif C-X-X-(SAQCMT)* where the second and third positions are usually aliphatic.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine; the residue may be found at the first position in the sequence motif C-X-X-(SAQCMT)* where the second and third positions are usually aliphatic.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-12-hydroxyfarnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-12-hydroxyfarnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-12-hydroxyfarnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-geranylgeranylcysteine; formation of S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CAAX motif and methyl esterification of the geranylgeranylated cysteine; methyl esterification but not cleavage occurs for the CXC motif. For the type II geranylgeranyltransferase the residue may be found at the first and final positions in the sequence motif C-X-C* or at the final position in the sequence motif C-C*. These motifs are necessary but not sufficient for modification.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-geranylgeranylcysteine; formation of S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CAAX motif and methyl esterification of the geranylgeranylated cysteine; methyl esterification but not cleavage occurs for the CXC motif. For the type II geranylgeranyltransferase the residue may be found at the first and final positions in the sequence motif C-X-C* or at the final position in the sequence motif C-C*. These motifs are necessary but not sufficient for modification.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-geranylgeranylcysteine; formation of S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CAAX motif and methyl esterification of the geranylgeranylated cysteine; methyl esterification but not cleavage occurs for the CXC motif. For the type II geranylgeranyltransferase the residue may be found at the first and final positions in the sequence motif C-X-C* or at the final position in the sequence motif C-C*. These motifs are necessary but not sufficient for modification.
The modification of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl ester.
The modification of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl ester.
The modification of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine methyl ester.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a sulfur (S) atom within a cysteine residue to form peptidyl-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a sulfur (S) atom within a cysteine residue to form peptidyl-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a sulfur (S) atom within a cysteine residue to form peptidyl-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a sulfur (S) atom within a cysteine residue to form peptidyl-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a sulfur (S) atom within a cysteine residue to form peptidyl-S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-diacylglycerol-L-cysteine; the oleate and palmitate actually represent mixtures of saturated (generally at 3') and unsaturated (generally at 2') fatty acids.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-diacylglycerol-L-cysteine; the oleate and palmitate actually represent mixtures of saturated (generally at 3') and unsaturated (generally at 2') fatty acids.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-diacylglycerol-L-cysteine; the oleate and palmitate actually represent mixtures of saturated (generally at 3') and unsaturated (generally at 2') fatty acids.
The modification of peptidyl-glutamine and peptidyl-cysteine to form a S-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-cysteine protein cross-link.
The modification of peptidyl-histidine and peptidyl-cysteine to form a 2'-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-histidine protein cross-link.
The thioether cross-linking of a cysteine residue to a tyrosine residue to form 3'-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-tyrosine, found in galactose oxidase.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-carboxy-L-lysine.
Increases the activity of urease by promoting the incorporation of nickel into the active site.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-1-carboxyethyl-L-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-1-carboxyethyl-L-lysine.
The glycosylation of protein via the sulfur atom of peptidyl-cysteine, forming S-glycosyl-L-cysteine.
The glycosylation of protein via the O5 atom of peptidyl-hydroxylysine, forming O5-glycosyl-L-hydroxylysine; the most common form is galactosyl hydroxylysine.
The glycosylation of protein via the O3 atom of peptidyl-serine, forming O3-glycosyl-L-serine; the most common forms are N-acetylgalactosaminyl, mannosyl, galactosyl, and xylosyl serine.
The glycosylation of protein via the O3 atom of peptidyl-threonine, forming O3-glycosyl-L-threonine; the most common forms are N-acetylgalactosaminyl, mannosyl, and galactosyl threonine.
The glycosylation of protein via peptidyl-tryptophan, 1'-glycosyl-L-tryptophan; results in the formation of an (S)-2-amino-3-(1-D-mannopyranosyloxy-1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid residue.
The glycosylation of protein via the O4' atom of peptidyl-tyrosine, O4'-glycosyl-L-tyrosine; the carbohydrate is glucose, the origin for glycogen.
The formation of a linkage between a protein amino acid and coenzyme A.
The linkage of phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A to protein via peptidyl-serine, to form O-(phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A)-L-serine; it is uncertain whether the phosphoribosyl glycosidic attachment to the dephospho-coenzyme A is alpha or beta, and through the 2' or the 3' position.
The formation of an enzyme active site via transient sulfation of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-sulfo-L-cysteine.
The removal of a water group from a protein amino acid.
The formation of peptidyl-dehydroalanine from either peptidyl-tyrosine by phenyl transfer, or from peptidyl-serine, which is coupled with the formation of 5-imidazolinone by the two neighboring residues, produces an 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one active site of some amino acid ammonia-lyases; the 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one, is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of the sequence ASG.
The formation of peptidyl-dehydroalanine from either peptidyl-tyrosine by phenyl transfer, or from peptidyl-serine, which is coupled with the formation of 5-imidazolinone by the two neighboring residues, produces an 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one active site of some amino acid ammonia-lyases; the 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one, is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of the sequence ASG.
The formation of peptidyl-dehydroalanine from either peptidyl-tyrosine by phenyl transfer, or from peptidyl-serine, which is coupled with the formation of 5-imidazolinone by the two neighboring residues, produces an 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one active site of some amino acid ammonia-lyases; the 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one, is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of the sequence ASG.
The oxidation of the C alpha-C beta bond of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-dehydrotyrosine coupled with cyclization of neighboring residues.
The formation of the green fluorescent protein chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a serine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons.
The formation of the green fluorescent protein chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a serine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons.
The formation of a protein active site cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, an alanine, serine or cysteine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with an oxidation of residue n+1 to form an active aldehyde.
The formation of a protein active site cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, an alanine, serine or cysteine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with an oxidation of residue n+1 to form an active aldehyde.
The adenylylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-tyrosine.
The formation of S-(peptidyl-glycyl)-peptidyl-cysteine cross-links by the formation of a thiolester between cysteine and the carboxy-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and other proteins.
The addition of a formyl group to a protein amino acid.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-formyl-L-lysine.
The glycosylation of proteins via 04 atom of hydroxyproline to form O4-glycosyl-L-hydroxyproline; the most common form is arabinofuranosyl-4-proline.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between RNA and a peptidyl-serine residue by the formation of O-(phospho-5'-5NA)-L-serine.
The addition of phospho-guanosine to a protein amino acid.
The guanylylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-(phospho-5'-guanosine)-L-lysine.
The formation of a covalent cross-link between or within peptide chains, where either the amino group or the carboxyl group, or both, are not attached to the alpha carbon.
The formation of an isopeptide cross-link between peptidyl-asparagine and peptidyl-cysteine to produce N-(L-isoaspartyl)-L-cysteine.
The formation of an isopeptide cross-link between peptidyl-asparagine and peptidyl-glycine to produce N-(L-isoaspartyl)-glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-asparagine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a asparaginyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-asparagine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a asparaginyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-asparagine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a asparaginyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-aspartic acid ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a aspartyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-aspartic acid ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a aspartyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-aspartic acid ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a aspartyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a cysteinyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a cysteinyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a cysteinyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glycine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a glycyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glycine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a glycyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glycine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a glycyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a seryl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a seryl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a seryl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-alanine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of an alanyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-alanine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of an alanyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-alanine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of an alanyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin + protein = AMP + diphosphate + biotin-protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin + protein = AMP + diphosphate + biotin-protein.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form N6-pyridoxal phosphate-L-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form N6-retinal-L-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine and peptidyl-serine to form a (2Xi,9S)-L-lysinoalanine cross-link.
The acetylation of the N-terminal cysteine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
The acetylation of the N-terminal cysteine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
The formation of an isopeptide cross-link between peptidyl-lysine and peptidyl-glycine to produce N6-glycyl-L-lysine. This is distinct from the formation of the thiolester intermediate, which occurs during ubiquitination.
The removal of an amino group from a protein amino acid.
The deamination of N-terminal peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-2-oxobutanoic acid.
The glycosylation of protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine forming N4-glycosyl-L-asparagine; the most common form is N-acetylglucosaminyl asparagine; N-acetylgalactosaminyl asparagine and N4 glucosyl asparagine also occur. This modification typically occurs in extracellular peptides with an N-X-(ST) motif. Partial modification has been observed to occur with cysteine, rather than serine or threonine, in the third position; secondary structure features are important, and proline in the second or fourth positions inhibits modification.
A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via a sulfur atom of a peptidyl-amino-acid such as cysteine or methionine.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine ethanolamide-linked glycosylsphingolipidinositol (GSI) anchor following hydrolysis of a seryl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine ethanolamide-linked glycosylsphingolipidinositol (GSI) anchor following hydrolysis of a seryl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine ethanolamide-linked glycosylsphingolipidinositol (GSI) anchor following hydrolysis of a seryl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.
The formation of a cluster of several metal atoms, including iron, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, or copper, with one or more bridging (mu-bond) sulfur atoms; amino acids residues in proteins that may ligate the metal sulfur cluster are cysteine, histidine, aspartate, glutamate, serine and cysteine persulfide.
The incorporation of iron into a metallo-sulfur cluster.
The incorporation of iron into a protein via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl iron (there is no exogenous sulfur, so this modification by itself does not produce an iron-sulfur protein).
The incorporation of iron into a 2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl diiron disulfide.
The incorporation of iron into a 3Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl triiron tetrasulfide.
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.
The incorporation of molybdenum into a metallo-sulfur cluster.
The incorporation of iron and molybdenum into a Mo-7Fe-8S iron-molybdenum-sulfur cluster via L-cysteinyl homocitryl molybdenum-heptairon-nonasulfide, found in nitrogenase.
The incorporation of molybdenum into an iron-sulfur cluster.
The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein via L-cysteinyl molybdopterin.
The formation of a linkage between a protein amino acid and flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
The formation of a protein-FAD linkage via S-(8-alpha-FAD)-L-cysteine.
The formation of a protein-FAD linkage via 3'-(8-alpha-FAD)-L-histidine.
The formation of a protein-FAD linkage via O4'-(8-alpha-FAD)-L-tyrosine.
The formation of a protein-FAD linkage via 1'-(8-alpha-FAD)-L-histidine.
The covalent or noncovalent attachment of a chromophore to a protein.
The incorporation of iron into a Rieske 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via bis-L-cysteinyl bis-L-histidino diiron disulfide.
The incorporation of iron into an iron-sulfur cluster by tris-L-cysteinyl-L-cysteine persulfido-bis-L-glutamato-L-histidino tetrairon.
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N1'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide.
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide.
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-aspartato tetrairon tetrasulfide.
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-serinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via bis-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino-L-serinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.
The modification of part of an enzyme to form the active site.
The formation of a linkage between a protein amino acid and flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
The formation of a protein-FMN linkage via S-(6-FMN)-L-cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N4-hydroxymethyl-L-asparagine from other compounds, including peptidyl-asparagine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N4-hydroxymethyl-L-asparagine from other compounds, including peptidyl-asparagine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N4-hydroxymethyl-L-asparagine from other compounds, including peptidyl-asparagine.
The transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-(ADP-ribosyl)-L-serine.
The formation of a protein active site cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue N, an alanine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue N+2, a glycine, coupled with the formation of a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue N+1 which loses one hydrogen, and the loss of a molecule of water.
The incorporation of molybdenum into a molybdenum-molybdopterin complex.
The incorporation of molybdenum into a molybdenum-molybdopterin complex.
The oxidation of two peptidyl-cysteine residues to form a peptidyl-L-cystine (dicysteine) in which segments of peptide chain are linked by a disulfide bond; the cross-link may be between different or the same peptide chain.
The glycosylation of a carbon atom of a peptidyl-tryptophan residue.
The transient methylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-methyl-L-cysteine.
The modification of a protein by amino acid glucuronylation, the addition of a glucuronate group, the uronic acid derived from glucose.
The addition of a tyrosine molecule to a protein amino acid.
The oxidation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine sulfinic acid.
The oxidation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine sulfenic acid, found in the active site of NADH peroxidase, nitrile hydratase, and peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase.
The transient phosphorylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-phospho-L-cysteine.
The transient acetylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-acetyl-L-cysteine.
The transient phosphorylation of peptidyl-histidine to form 1'-phospho-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-phosphohistidine, tele-phosphohistidine).
The transient phosphorylation of peptidyl-histidine to form 3'-phospho-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-phosphohistidine, pros-phosphohistidine).
The transient adenylylation of lysine to form N6-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-lysine, found in the active site of DNA ligase and RNA ligase.
The transient guanylylation of lysine to form N6-(phospho-5'-guanosine)-L-lysine, found in the guanylyltransferase active site of mRNA capping enzyme.
The transient phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form O-phospho-L-serine.
The transient adenylylation of threonine to form N6-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-threonine, found in the active site of bovine phosphodiesterase I.
The transient phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form O-phospho-L-threonine.
The transient phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form O-phospho-L-tyrosine.
The modification of a protein by the addition of a succinyl group (CO-CH2-CH2-CO) to an amino acid residue.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-dihydroxyphenylalanine.
The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-beta-methylthioaspartic acid, typical of bacterial ribosomal protein S12.
The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-beta-methylthioaspartic acid, typical of bacterial ribosomal protein S12.
The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-beta-methylthioaspartic acid, typical of bacterial ribosomal protein S12.
The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-beta-methylthioaspartic acid, typical of bacterial ribosomal protein S12.
The modification of peptidyl-serine to peptidyl-O-(sn-1-glycerophosphoryl)-L-serine.
The modification of peptidyl-serine to peptidyl-O-(sn-1-glycerophosphoryl)-L-serine.
The modification of peptidyl-serine to peptidyl-O-(sn-1-glycerophosphoryl)-L-serine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-lysine.
The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-lysine.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a protein.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a protein.
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a protein.
The addition of an ester group to a protein amino acid.
The addition of an ester group to a cysteine residue in a protein.
The formation of a linkage between a protein amino acid and pyridoxal-5-phosphate.
The linkage of the chromophore phycocyanobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin via S-phycocyanobilin-L-cysteine.
The formation of a protein-phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A linkage via O-(phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A)-L-serine.
The linkage of the chromophore phycobiliviolin to phycoerythrocyanin via S-phycobiliviolin-L-cysteine.
The linkage of the chromophore phycourobilin to phycoerythrins via phycourobilin-bis-L-cysteine.
The linkage of the chromophore phytochromobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin via S-phytochromobilin-L-cysteine.
The linkage of protein to heme P460 via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-tyrosine.
The linkage of protein to heme P460 via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-tyrosine.
The linkage of protein to heme P460 via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-lysine.
The linkage of protein to heme P460 via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-lysine.
The methylation of glutamine to form 2-methyl-L-glutamine.
The covalent linkage of heme to peroxidase via dihydroxyheme-L-aspartyl ester-L-glutamyl ester.
The covalent linkage of heme to peroxidase via dihydroxyheme-L-aspartyl ester-L-glutamyl ester.
The covalent linkage of heme to peroxidase via dihydroxyheme-L-aspartyl ester-L-glutamyl ester-L-methionine sulfonium.
The covalent linkage of heme to peroxidase via dihydroxyheme-L-aspartyl ester-L-glutamyl ester-L-methionine sulfonium.
The covalent linkage of heme to peroxidase via dihydroxyheme-L-aspartyl ester-L-glutamyl ester-L-methionine sulfonium.
The addition of a methyl group to a glutamine residue in a protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: (protein)-L-serine = (protein)-D-serine.
The formation of a mixture of the two possible enantiomers from the D- or L-enantiomer of a chiral amino acid.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-asparagine to form peptidyl-L-erythro-beta-hydroxyasparagine; catalyzed by peptide-aspartate beta-dioxygenase (EC:1.14.11.16).
The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to a protein.
The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to a protein.
The linkage of cytochromes and other heme proteins to heme via heme-L-cysteine.
The linkage of cytochromes and other heme proteins to heme via heme-bis-L-cysteine.
The condensation of pyruvate through the 2-oxo group with the N-terminal cysteine of proteins to form the derivative N-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-cysteine.
The oxidative deamination of N-terminal peptidyl-cysteine, or peptidyl-serine, to form pyruvic acid with an amide bond between its 1-carboxyl group and the N-terminal residue.
The condensation of pyruvate through the 2-oxo group with the N-terminal valine of proteins to form the derivative N-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-valine.
The deamination of the N-terminal valine residue of a protein to form isobutyrate.
The methyl esterification of peptidyl-glutamic acid or peptidyl-glutamine to form the derivative glutamic acid 5-methyl ester.
The methyl esterification of peptidyl-glutamic acid or peptidyl-glutamine to form the derivative glutamic acid 5-methyl ester.
The methyl esterification of peptidyl-glutamic acid or peptidyl-glutamine to form the derivative glutamic acid 5-methyl ester.
The ATP-dependent addition of a tyrosine residue to a glutamic acid residue at the C-terminus of a protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H(+).
The addition of an acetyl group to a non-terminal lysine residue in a protein.
The acetylation of peptidyl-lysine.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-lysine to peptidyl-5-hydroxy-L-lysine.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-lysine to peptidyl-4-hydroxy-L-lysine.
The bromination of peptidyl-phenylalanine to form L-2'-bromophenylalanine.
The bromination of peptidyl-phenylalanine to form L-3'-bromophenylalanine.
The bromination of peptidyl-phenylalanine to form L-4'-bromophenylalanine.
The modification of peptidyl-proline to form 3-hydroxy-L-proline; catalyzed by procollagen-proline 3-dioxygenase.
The modification of peptidyl-proline to form 4-hydroxy-L-proline; catalyzed by procollagen-proline,2-oxoglutarate-4-dioxygenase.
Chondroitin sulfate components are covalently linked to a core glycoprotein via O-glycosidic linkages between xylose and serine residues.
Dermatan sulfate components are covalently linked to a core glycoprotein via O-glycosidic linkages between xylose and serine residues.
Heparan sulfate components are covalently linked to a core glycoprotein via O-glycosidic linkages between xylose and serine residues.
Keratan sulfate components are covalently linked to a core glycoprotein via O-glycosidic linkages between xylose and threonine residues.
The glycosylation of a peptidyl-tryptophan residue by the transfer of alpha-mannopyranose from dolichyl-activated mannose to the indole ring.
The glycosylation of a peptidyl-tryptophan residue by the transfer of alpha-mannopyranose from dolichyl-activated mannose to the indole ring.
The glycosylation of a peptidyl-tryptophan residue by the transfer of alpha-mannopyranose from dolichyl-activated mannose to the indole ring.
The iodination of peptidyl-thyronine to form peptidyl-3',3'',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine (triiodothyronine).
The iodination of peptidyl-thyronine to form peptidyl-3',3'',5',5''-tetraiodo-L-thyronine (L-thyroxine).
The alteration of the C-terminal amino acid residue in a protein.
The alteration of the C-terminal amino acid residue in a protein.
The modification of a protein by amino acid glucuronidation.
The modification of a protein by glucuronidation on an amino acid oxygen atom.
The O-glucuronidation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O3-D-glucuronyl-L-serine.
The incorporation of nickel into a metallo-sulfur cluster.
The incorporation of iron into a 3Fe-2S cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido bis-L-glutamato L-histidino nickel triiron disulfide trioxide.
The incorporation of nickel into a 3Fe-2S complex by tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido bis-L-glutamato L-histidino nickel triiron disulfide trioxide.
The incorporation of iron into a 3Fe-2S cluster by tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido L-glutamato L-histidino L-serinyl nickel triiron disulfide trioxide.
The incorporation of nickel into a 3Fe-2S complex by tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido L-glutamato L-histidino L-serinyl nickel triiron disulfide trioxide.
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a protein structure comprising two or more rings that are interlocked but not covalently joined; resembling the links of a chain.
The formation of isopeptide bonds by ligation of peptidyl-lysine and peptidyl-asparagine residues.
Catalysis of the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate to a serine residue in a protein.
Catalysis of the transfer of mannose-1-phosphate to a serine residue in a protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-leucine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-leucine methyl ester. This modification occurs only at the oxygen atoms of the free alpha carboxyl group of a leucine residue at the C-terminus of the protein.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-leucine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-leucine methyl ester. This modification occurs only at the oxygen atoms of the free alpha carboxyl group of a leucine residue at the C-terminus of the protein.
This modification produces peptidyl-glutamic acid poly-ADP-ribose found in a number of nuclear proteins under certain conditions including the repair of single strand DNA breaks. The activated form of the generating enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is itself modified in this way.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The recovery of O-phosphorylserine from acid hydrolysates suggests N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate residues are esterified to peptidyl serines through phosphoester bonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The recovery of O-phosphorylserine from acid hydrolysates suggests N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate residues are esterified to peptidyl serines through phosphoester bonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The recovery of O-phosphorylserine from acid hydrolysates suggests N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate residues are esterified to peptidyl serines through phosphoester bonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The recovery of O-phosphorylserine from acid hydrolysates suggests N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate residues are esterified to peptidyl serines through phosphoester bonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(phosphoglycosyl-D-mannose-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The polypeptide backbones of glycoproteins and mucin-like proteoglycans are extensively modified with a complex array of phosphoglycan chains that are linked to Ser/Thr-rich domains via a common Man-alpha1-PO4-Ser linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(phosphoglycosyl-D-mannose-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The polypeptide backbones of glycoproteins and mucin-like proteoglycans are extensively modified with a complex array of phosphoglycan chains that are linked to Ser/Thr-rich domains via a common Man-alpha1-PO4-Ser linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(phosphoglycosyl-D-mannose-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The polypeptide backbones of glycoproteins and mucin-like proteoglycans are extensively modified with a complex array of phosphoglycan chains that are linked to Ser/Thr-rich domains via a common Man-alpha1-PO4-Ser linkage.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(phosphoglycosyl-D-mannose-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The polypeptide backbones of glycoproteins and mucin-like proteoglycans are extensively modified with a complex array of phosphoglycan chains that are linked to Ser/Thr-rich domains via a common Man-alpha1-PO4-Ser linkage.
The incorporation of copper into a metallo-sulfur cluster.
The incorporation of copper into a copper-sulfur cluster.
The incorporation of copper into a 4Cu-S copper-sulfur cluster via heptakis-L-histidino tetracopper mu4-sulfide hydroxide.
The modification of a C-terminal peptidyl-leucine to form peptidyl-L-leucine methyl ester.
The modification of a C-terminal peptidyl-leucine to form peptidyl-L-leucine methyl ester.
The incorporation of iron into a 8Fe-7S iron-sulfur cluster via hexakis-L-cysteinyl L-serinyl octairon heptasulfide, found in nitrogenase.
The addition of an ester group to a glutamic acid residue in a protein.
The transient phosphorylation of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form L-aspartic 4-phosphoric anhydride.
A heterodimeric complex involved in the release of a nascent polypeptide chain from a ribosome.
A heterodimeric complex involved in the release of a nascent polypeptide chain from a ribosome.
The action characteristic of prothoracicotrophic hormone, a peptide hormone that is secreted by the brain and, upon receptor binding, acts on the prothoracic gland to stimulate the release of ecdysone in insects.
Catalysis of the reaction: pinocarveol = pinocarvone + 2 H+ + 2 e-.
Catalysis of the reactions: chloral hydrate = 3 H+ + 2 e- + trichloroacetate, and chloral hydrate + H2 = H2O + trichloroethanol.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = formylmethylsilanediol + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-1-phenylethanol = acetophenone + H2.
Catalysis of the reaction: myrtenol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 2 H2O + myrtenal.
Catalysis of the reaction: ethene oxide + NAD+ + CoA-SH = NADH + H+ + acetyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-exo-hydroxycamphor + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 2,5-diketocamphane.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran = 2 H+ + 2 e- + butyrolactone.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alcohol + NAD(P)+ = an aldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alcohol + NAD(P)+ = an aldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ = an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ = an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ = an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(+) + perillyl alcohol = H(+) + NADH + perillyl aldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(+) + perillyl alcohol = H(+) + NADH + perillyl aldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + NAD(+) = (6R)-isoperitenone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,5R)-carveol + NADP(+) = (R)-carvone + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,5R)-carveol + NADP(+) = (R)-carvone + H(+) + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexanol + NAD+ = cyclohexanone + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: fluoren-9-ol + 2 NADP+ = fluoren-9-one + 2 NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: fluoren-9-ol + 2 NADP+ = fluoren-9-one + 2 NADPH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzenesulfonate + NAD(+) = 4-formylbenzenesulfonate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzenesulfonate + NAD(+) = 4-formylbenzenesulfonate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzenesulfonate + NAD(+) = 4-formylbenzenesulfonate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxyhexanoate + NAD(+) = 6-oxohexanoate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxypimelyl-CoA + NAD(+) = 3-oxopimelyl-CoA + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: O(2) + vanillyl alcohol = H(2)O(2) + vanillin.
Catalysis of the reaction: O(2) + vanillyl alcohol = H(2)O(2) + vanillin.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,2S,4R)-limonene-1,2-diol + DCPIP+ = DCPIPH + H+ + (1S,4R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxolimonene.
Catalysis of the reaction: formaldehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+) = formate + 2 H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: formaldehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+) = formate + 2 H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: myrtenal + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + myrtenic acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 4-hydroxybutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorobenzaldehyde + 2 H2O = 4-chlorobenzoate + 2 H+ + 2 e-.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = NADH + H+ + 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal + NAD+ + H2O = NADH + H+ + cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienoic acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = NADH + 2 H+ + phthalate.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal + NAD+ + H2O = NADH + H+ + trans-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienoic acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O = benzoate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O = benzoate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxopropanoate + CoA + NADP+ = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxopropanoate + CoA + NADP+ = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = benzoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = benzoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O + NAD+ = 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O + NAD+ = 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: <stereo>cis,trans</stereo>-4-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+) = 2 H(+) + maleylacetate + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-formylbenzenesulfonate + H(2)O + NAD(+) = 4-sulfobenzoate + 2 H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-formylbenzenesulfonate + H(2)O + NAD(+) = 4-sulfobenzoate + 2 H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-formylbenzenesulfonate + H(2)O + NAD(+) = 4-sulfobenzoate + 2 H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-oxohexanoate + NADP+ + H2O = adipate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: salicylaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = salicylate + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: methyl ethyl ketone + O2 = H2O + ethyl acetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: vanillate + Co+ = Co3+-CH3 + 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic aldehyde + O2 + H2O = an aromatic acid + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + vanillate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + formaldehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + vanillate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + formaldehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + vanillate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + formaldehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + vanillate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + formaldehyde + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + O(2) = 2 (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate + 2 CO(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanoate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = propanoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanoate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = propanoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanoate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = propanoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanoate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = propanoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanoate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = propanoyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: CO + H2O + acceptor = CO2 + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: CO + H2O + acceptor = CO2 + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: CO + H2O + acceptor = CO2 + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-formylmethanofuran + A + H(2)O + H(+) = AH(2) + CO(2) + methanofuran.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-formylmethanofuran + A + H(2)O + H(+) = AH(2) + CO(2) + methanofuran.
Catalysis of the reaction: carvone + 2 H+ + 2 e- = dihydrocarvone.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 2-ketocyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 6-oxo-2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane. 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDMU; 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane is also known as DDMS.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2,3-dihydrodiol DDT + NADP+ = NADPH + 2,3-dihydroxy DDT.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-9R,10R-dihydrodiolphenanthrene + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 9,10-dihydroxyphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the conversion of a di- or tetrachlorinated dienol to the corresponding catechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-1,2-dihydrodiolphenanthrene + NAD+ = H+ + NADH + 1,2-dihydroxyphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = catechol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = catechol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = catechol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = naphthalene-1,2-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = naphthalene-1,2-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = naphthalene-1,2-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = naphthalene-1,2-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = naphthalene-1,2-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = naphthalene-1,2-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxoadipate + NAD(P)+ = 2-maleylacetate + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxoadipate + NAD(P)+ = 2-maleylacetate + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3S,4R)-3,4-dihydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol + NAD(+) = H(+) + NADH + phenanthrene-3,4-diol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3S,4R)-3,4-dihydrophenanthrene-3,4-diol + NAD(+) = H(+) + NADH + phenanthrene-3,4-diol.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene-1-carboxylate + NAD+ = catechol + CO2 + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-3-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = biphenyl-2,3-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-3-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = biphenyl-2,3-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-3-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = biphenyl-2,3-diol + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrophloroglucinol + NADP(+) = H(+) + NADPH + phloroglucinol.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-p-cumate + NAD(+) = 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydrodibenzothiophene + NAD(+) = 1,2-dihydroxydibenzothiophene + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(+) + pimelyl-CoA = 2,3-didehydropimeloyl-CoA + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA + chloride + NADP(+) = 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl-CoA + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,6-diene-1,2-dicarboxylate + NAD(+) = 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5,6-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one + NAD(+) = 5,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-5,6-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one + NAD(+) = 5,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydro-3-ethylcatechol + NAD(+) = 3-ethylcatechol + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydro-3-ethylcatechol + NAD(+) = 3-ethylcatechol + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1-carboxylate + NADP+ = 4-methylcatechol + NADPH + H+ + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1-carboxylate + NADP+ = 4-methylcatechol + NADPH + H+ + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,6-dihydroxy-2-methylcyclohexa-2,4-dienecarboxylate + NAD(+) = 3-methylcatechol + CO(2) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 ADP + cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + oxidized ferredoxin + 2 phosphate = 2 ATP + 2 H(2)O + benzoyl-CoA + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 ADP + cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + oxidized ferredoxin + 2 phosphate = 2 ATP + 2 H(2)O + benzoyl-CoA + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: quinoline + acceptor + H2O = isoquinolin-1(2H)-one + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetophenone + CO2 = H+ + benzoyl acetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoyl-CoA + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoyl-CoA + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + reduced ferredoxin.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e- = NH3 + benzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexylamine + O2 + H2O = cyclohexanone + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: iminodiacetate + OH- = H+ + 2 e- + glyoxylate + glycine.
Catalysis of the reaction: nitrilotriacetate + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + H2O + glyoxylate + iminodiacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-6-hydroxynicotine + H(2)O + O(2) = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H(2)O(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-6-hydroxynicotine + H(2)O + O(2) = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H(2)O(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-6-hydroxynicotine + H(2)O + O(2) = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H(2)O(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + H(2)O + O(2) = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H(2)O(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + H(2)O + O(2) = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H(2)O(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + H(2)O + O(2) = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H(2)O(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + H(2)O + O(2) = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H(2)O(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: N5,N10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin + H2 = N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin.
Catalysis of the reaction: N5,N10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin + H2 = N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin.
Catalysis of the reaction: N5,N10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin + H2 = N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin.
Catalysis of the reaction: N5,N10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin + H2 = N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin.
The acetylation of peptidyl-cysteine.
Catalysis of the reaction: nitrilotriacetate + OH- = H+ + 2 e- + glyoxylate + iminodiacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: nicotine + acceptor + H2O = (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: nicotine + acceptor + H2O = (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: nicotine + acceptor + H2O = (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: nicotine + acceptor + H2O = (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H(+) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.
Catalysis of the generic reaction: epoxide + CO2 + NAD+ + electron donor = beta-keto acid + NADH + reduced electron donor; the electron donor may be NADPH or a dithiol. This reaction is the ring opening and carboxylation of an epoxide; for example: epoxypropane + CO2 + NAD+ + NADPH = acetoacetate + NADH + NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-benzoquinone + H(+) + NADPH = hydroquinone + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxy DDT + O2 = 6-oxo-2-hydroxy-7-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,8,8,8-tetrachloroocta-2E,4E-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-amino-2-hydroxylamino-6-nitrotoluene + NADP+ = NADPH + H+ + 4-amino-2-nitroso-6-nitrotoluene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-carboxy-4'-sulfoazobenzene + 4 H+ + 4 e- = 4-aminobenzoate + 4-aminobenzenesulfonate.
Catalysis of the conversion of a nitrate group to an amino or hydroxylamino group on toluene or a toluene derivative.
Catalysis of the reaction: nitrobenzene + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = hydroxyaminobenzene + 2 NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the removal of one or more nitrite (NO2-) groups from nitroglycerin or a derivative.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentaerythritol trinitrate + NADPH = NADP+ + nitrate + pentaerythritol dinitrate.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanethiol + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + hydrogen sulfide + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanethiol + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + hydrogen sulfide + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanethiol + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + hydrogen sulfide + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanethiol + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + hydrogen sulfide + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanethiol + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + hydrogen sulfide + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorohydroquinone + 2 glutathione = 2,3,6-trichlorohydroquinone + glutathione disulfide + HCl.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: trithionate + acceptor + 2 H2O + OH- = 3 HSO3- + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-6-keto-nona-2,4-dienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene + O2 = 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate. C6 of the substrate molecular may have an NH2 group attached.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + cis-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydrophenanthrene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxybenzenoid + O2 = H+ + distal extradiol ring cleavage. Substrates are 2,2',3-trihydroxybiphenyl (forms 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate) and 2,2',3-trihydroxydiphenylether (forms 2,3-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate).
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxyfluorene + O2 = 2-hydroxy-4-(2-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-1-ylidene) but-2-enoic acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline + O2 = 3-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-(3-carboxy-3-oxopropenyl)-1H-2-pyridon.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloro-2-(dihydroxy-4'-chorophenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + O2 = 6-oxo-2-hydroxy-7-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,8,8-trichloroocta-2E,4E,7-trienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-sulfocatechol + O2 = 3-sulfomuconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-aminobiphenyl-2,3-diol + O2 = H+ + 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-(2'-aminophenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyfluorene + O2 = 2-hydroxy-4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-ylidene) but-2-enoic acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxyethylbenzene + O2 = H+ + 2-hydroxy-6-oxoocta-2,4-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: carbazole + NADH + O2 + H+ = NAD+ + 2'-aminobiphenyl-2,3-diol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxydibenzothiophene + O2 = cis-4-(2-(3-hydroxy)-thionaphthenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate + O2 = H+ + (Z)-4-(2-hydroxy-5-sulfonatophenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: styrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = NAD+ + styrene cis-glycol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyphenanthrene + O2 = H+ + 2-hydroxy-2 H-benzo[h]chromene-2-carboxylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydroquinone + O2 = cis,trans-4-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: p-cumate + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + cis-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-p-cumate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dichlorocatechol + O2 = 2 H+ + 2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminophenol + O2 = 2-aminomuconic semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dichlorohydroquinone + O2 + H2O = HCl + 2 H+ + 2-chloromaleylacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,6-dichlorocatechol + O2 = 2 H+ + 2,5-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: protocatechuate + O2 = 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: protocatechuate + O2 = 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: protocatechuate + O2 = 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: protocatechuate + O2 = 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: ethylnitronate + O(2) = acetaldehyde + nitrite.
Catalysis of the reaction: ethylnitronate + O(2) = acetaldehyde + nitrite.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzene-1,2,4-triol + O2 = 3-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzene-1,2,4-triol + O2 = 3-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 = (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 = (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 = (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 = (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,3-diol + O2 = 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,3-diol + O2 = 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,3-diol + O2 = 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,3-diol + O2 = 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 1/2 O2 = glyoxylate + 2,4,5-trichlorophenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: fluorene + 2 H+ + 2 e- + O2 = H2O + 9-fluorenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: butyltin + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + beta-hydroxybutyltin.
Catalysis of a monooxygenase reaction in which oxygen is incorporated into limonene.
Catalysis of the reaction: tri-n-butyltin + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + beta-hydroxybutyldibutyltin.
Catalysis of the reaction: dibutyltin + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + beta-hydroxybutylbutyltin.
Catalysis of the reaction: methylsilanetriol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + hydroxymethylsilanetriol.
Catalysis of the reaction: methyl tert-butyl ether + 1/2 O2 = tert-butyl alcohol + formaldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-nitrocatechol + O2 + 4 e- + 3 H+ = H2O + nitrite + 1,2,4-benzenetriol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorophenoxyacetate + 1/2 O2 = glyoxylate + 4-chlorophenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: tert-butanol + 1/2 O2 = 2-methyl-2-hydroxy-1-propanol.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + pinocarveol.
Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylsilanediol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol.
Catalysis of the oxidation of alkanes (up to C8) to alcohols and alkenes (up to C5) to epoxides and alcohols in the presence of ammonium ions.
Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymethylsilanetriol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 2 H2O + formylsilanetriol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate + 1/2 O2 = 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methyl propionate.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + myrtenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-nitrophenol + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 4-nitrocatechol + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-nitrophenol + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 4-nitrocatechol + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-nitrophenol + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 4-nitrocatechol + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate + 2-oxoglutarate + oxygen = 2,4-dichlorophenol + glyoxylate + succinate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: nitrobenzene + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + nitrite + catechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + 2 H+ + O2 + 2 e- = NH3 + 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: toluene-4-sulfonate + NADH + O2 + H+ = NAD+ + HSO3(-) + 4-methylcatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-indanone + NADPH + 1/2 O2 = NADP+ + 3,4-dihydrocoumarin.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-indanone + NADPH + 1/2 O2 = NADP+ + 3-hydroxy-1-indanone.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-unsubstituted benzenoid + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = 2,3-cis-dihydroxydihydrobenzenoid + NAD(P)+. Substrates include 1,4-dichlorobenzene (forms 3,6-dichloro-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene), 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene (forms cis-chlorobenzene dihydrodiol) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (forms 3,4,6-trichloro-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene).
Catalysis of the reaction: dibenzofuran + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,2',3-trihydroxybiphenyl + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: methylbenzoate + NADH + O2 + H+ = NAD+ + 1,2-dihydroxymethylcyclohexa-3,5-dienecarboxylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dibenzothiophene + NADH + O2 + H+ = NAD+ + cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydrodibenzothiophene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 9-fluorenone + 2 NADPH + O2 = 2 NADP+ + 3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-9-fluorenone.
Catalysis of the reaction: ethylbenzene + O2 + NADH + H+ = NAD+ + cis-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydroethylbenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-indanone + NADPH + 1/2 O2 = NADP+ + 3-isochromanone.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3,5-trihydroxytoluene + O2 = 2,4,6-trioxoheptanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H+ + O2 + 2 e- = NH3 + 4-sulfocatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NADP+ + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzene + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = cis-cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzene + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = cis-cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzene + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = cis-cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + phthalate = cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,6-diene-1,2-dicarboxylate + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + phthalate = cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,6-diene-1,2-dicarboxylate + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + phthalate = cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,6-diene-1,2-dicarboxylate + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-sulfobenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(+) + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-sulfobenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(+) + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-sulfobenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(+) + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-sulfobenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(+) + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorophenylacetate + NADH + O(2) = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + chloride + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + CO2 + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + toluene = (1S,2R)-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + toluene = (1S,2R)-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + toluene = (1S,2R)-3-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: naphthalene + NADH + H+ + O2 = (1R,2S)-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: naphthalene + NADH + H+ + O2 = (1R,2S)-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: naphthalene + NADH + H+ + O2 = (1R,2S)-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chlorobenzoate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + chloride + NAD+ + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chlorobenzoate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + chloride + NAD+ + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate + NAD(+) + NH(4)(+). 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is also known as 3-sulfocatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate + NAD(+) + NH(4)(+). 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is also known as 3-sulfocatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate + NAD(+) + NH(4)(+). 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is also known as 3-sulfocatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate + NAD(+) + NH(4)(+). 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is also known as 3-sulfocatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate + NAD(+) + NH(4)(+). 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is also known as 3-sulfocatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate + NAD(+) + NH(4)(+). 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is also known as 3-sulfocatechol.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + terephthalate = (3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + terephthalate = (3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + terephthalate = (3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: quinolin-2-ol + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,5,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dihydroquinoline + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: quinolin-2-ol + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,5,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dihydroquinoline + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: quinolin-2-ol + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,5,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dihydroquinoline + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: quinolin-2-ol + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,5,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dihydroquinoline + NAD+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxytoluene + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetate + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + 2-hydroxyphenylacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: p-nitrophenol + O2 + NADPH = H2O + NADP+ + nitrite + p-benzoquinone.
Catalysis of the reaction: dimethyl sulfide + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + methanethiol + formaldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + H2O + alpha-pinene oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (4R)-limonene + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O + (4R)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (4R)-limonene + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O + (4R)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (4R)-limonene + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O + (4R)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-9,10-oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 + NADPH + 2 H+ = NADP+ + H2O + CO2 + 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene.
Catalysis of the reaction: toluene + 1/2 O2 = 4-hydroxytoluene.
Catalysis of the reactions: toluene + 1/2 O2 = benzyl alcohol, and xylene + 1/2 O2 = methylbenzyl alcohol.
Catalysis of the reaction: dibenzothiophene + NADH + H+ + O2 = dibenzothiophene-5-oxide + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + 5,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline.
Catalysis of the addition or substitution of an OH group on C4 of a halogenated phenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: carbon disulfide + NADH + H+ + O2 = [S] + H2O + NAD+ + carbonyl sulfide.
Catalysis of the reaction: toluene + 1/2 O2 = 2-hydroxytoluene.
Catalysis of the reaction: propene + NADH + H+ + O2 = 1,2-epoxypropane + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: propene + NADH + H+ + O2 = 1,2-epoxypropane + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,4R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxolimonene + NADPH + O2 = NADP+ + OH- + (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-1,2-oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: tetrahydrofuran + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran.
Catalysis of the reaction: styrene + NADPH + FADH + O2 = NADP+ + FAD+ + H2O + styrene oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: toluene-4-sulfonate + 1/2 O2 + H+ = HSO3(-) + 4-hydroxytoluene.
Catalysis of the reaction: toluene-4-sulfonate + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + 4-sulfobenzyl alcohol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + 6-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + homogentisate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-delta3-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + H2O + delta2,5-3,4,4-trimethylpimelyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-3,4-oxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: toluene + 1/2 O2 = 3-hydroxytoluene.
Catalysis of the reaction: salicylate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NAD+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: salicylate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NAD+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: salicylate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NAD+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: salicylate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NAD+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: salicylate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NAD+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: salicylate + NADH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NAD+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = protocatechuate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + NAD+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + orcinol = 2,3,5-trihydroxytoluene + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(+) + NADH + O(2) + orcinol = 2,3,5-trihydroxytoluene + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = catechol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dihydroxypyridine + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3,6-trihydroxypyridine + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dihydroxypyridine + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,3,6-trihydroxypyridine + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = homogentisate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = homogentisate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = homogentisate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = homogentisate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = homogentisate + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3,5-dichlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3,5-dichlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3,5-dichlorocatechol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexanone + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 6-hexanolide + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexanone + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 6-hexanolide + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexanone + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 6-hexanolide + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexanone + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 6-hexanolide + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) + NADH + O(2) = 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + H(2)O + NAD(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxyaniline + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxyaniline + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxyaniline + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 4-hydroxyaniline + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + 2 H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + NADP(+) + NH(4)(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + 2 H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + NADP(+) + NH(4)(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + 2 H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + NADP(+) + NH(4)(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + 2 H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + NADP(+) + NH(4)(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + 2 H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + NADP(+) + NH(4)(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 = 2-amino-5-oxocyclohex-1-enecarboxyl-CoA + H2O + 2 NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 = 2-amino-5-oxocyclohex-1-enecarboxyl-CoA + H2O + 2 NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 = 2-amino-5-oxocyclohex-1-enecarboxyl-CoA + H2O + 2 NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (-)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (-)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (-)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (-)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (-)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (4S)-perillyl alcohol + H(2)O + NADP(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: pentachlorophenol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = tetrachlorohydroquinone + NADP+ + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = hydroquinone + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = hydroquinone + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide + O2 + 2 NADH + H+ = 2 NAD+ + H2O + 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 deethylatrazine + O2 = 2 CH3COCH3 + 2 deisopropyldeethylatrazine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 deisopropylatrazine + O2 = 2 acetaldehyde + 2 deisopropyldeethylatrazine.
Catalysis of the reaction: atrazine + O2 + 2 H+ = deethylatrazine + acetaldehyde + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1R)-bornane-2,5-dione + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 5-oxo-1,2-campholide + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1R)-bornane-2,5-dione + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 5-oxo-1,2-campholide + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1R)-bornane-2,5-dione + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 5-oxo-1,2-campholide + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1R)-bornane-2,5-dione + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 5-oxo-1,2-campholide + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1R)-bornane-2,5-dione + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 5-oxo-1,2-campholide + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + O2 = 2 2,6-dihydroxypseudooxynicotine.
Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl + NADH + H+ + O2 = (2R,3S)-3-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD+. This reaction requires Fe2+.
Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl + NADH + H+ + O2 = (2R,3S)-3-phenylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD+. This reaction requires Fe2+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = cis-2,3-dihydrodiol DDT. 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane is also known as DDT.
Catalysis of the reaction: (1/2)-unsubstituted naphthalenoid-(2/1)-sulfonate + 2 H+ + 2 e- + O2 = 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene derivative + HSO3(-). Substrates include naphthalene-1,6-disulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate), naphthalene-1-sulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene), naphthalene-2,6-disulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate) and naphthalene-2-sulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O(2) = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + ethylbenzene + H(2)O = (S)-1-phenylethanol + AH(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: A + ethylbenzene + H(2)O = (S)-1-phenylethanol + AH(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: p-cymene + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + p-cumic alcohol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-cresol + acceptor + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-cresol + acceptor + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-cresol + acceptor + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-cresol + acceptor + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: carbonyl sulfide + 2 H+ + 2 e- = hydrogen sulfide + carbon monoxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: vinyl chloride + 2 H+ + 2 e- = HCl + ethene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloroethane + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1,1-dichloroethane + HCl.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide + H+ + 2 e- = Cl- + N-isopropylacetanilide.
Catalysis of the reaction: organohalide + 2 H+ + 2 e- = R-H + HCl. Reactants include chlorohydroquinone (forms hydroquinone) and 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone (forms chlorohydroquinone).
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + H+ + 2 e- = Cl- + 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDE; 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDMU.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + H+ + 2 e- = Cl- + 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDE; 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDMU.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + H+ + 2 e- = Cl- + 4-chlorophenoxyacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dichloroethene + 2 H+ + 2 e- = HCl + vinyl chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phenanthrol + X-CH3 = X + 1-methoxyphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thioether.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thioether.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thioether.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetone + ATP + CO(2) + 2 H(2)O = acetoacetate + AMP + 4 H(+) + 2 phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzoyl acetyl-CoA + CoA = acetyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-5-oxohexanoyl-CoA + CoASH = 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA + acetyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-ketopimeloyl-CoA + CoA = glutaryl-CoA + acetyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 9-phenanthrol + UDP-glucuronate = 9-phenanthryl-beta-D-glucuronide + UDP.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phenanthrol + glucose = 1-phenanthryl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 9-phenanthrol + glucose = 9-phenanthryl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxyphenanthrene + UDP-glucose = 2-hydroxy-1-phenanthryl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + UDP.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-aminohexanoate + alpha-ketoglutarate = glutamate + 6-oxohexanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenol + X-HPO3- = XH + phenylphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-9R,10R-dihydrodiolphenanthrene + 2 X-SO3(-) = 2 HX + phenanthrene-9,10-dihydrodiolsulfate conjugate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 1-phenanthrylsulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 3-phenanthrylsulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 4-phenanthrylsulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-3,4-dihydrodiolphenanthrene + 2 X-SO3(-) = 2 HX + phenanthrene-3,4-dihydrodiolsulfate conjugate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 9-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 9-phenanthrylsulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 2-phenanthrylsulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + propanoate = acetate + propanoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + propanoate = acetate + propanoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + propanoate = acetate + propanoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + propanoate = acetate + propanoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + propanoate = acetate + propanoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + (E)-glutaconate = acetate + glutaconyl-1-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-oxa-2-oxocycloheptane + H2O = 6-hydroxyhexanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-sulfolactone + OH- = HSO3(-) + maleylacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydrocoumarin + H2O = 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate.
Catalysis of the reaction: butyrolactone + H2O = 4-hydroxybutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-oxo-2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-ketocyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = pimeloyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: S-formylglutathione + H(2)O = formate + glutathione + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + H(2)O = 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + H(2)O = 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate + H(2)O = biphenyl-2-ol + sulfite.
Catalysis of the reaction: dodecyl sulfate + H2O = sulfate + H+ + 1-dodecanol.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the ether in chloro- or hydroxyepoxypropane to produce chloropropane diol or glycerol. Acts on R enantiomers.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-9,10-oxide + H2O = trans-9R,10R-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the reaction: limonene-1,2-epoxide + H2O = limonene-1,2-diol. Other substrates include alicyclic and 1-methyl-substituted epoxides, such as 1-methylcyclohexene oxide, indene oxide and cyclohexene oxide.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the ether in chloro-, bromo- or hydroxyepoxypropane to produce a chloro- or bromopropane diol or glycerol.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-3,4-oxide + H2O = trans-3,4-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-1,2-oxide + H2O = trans-1,2-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the reaction: iprodione + OH- = 3,5-dichlorophenylcarboximide + N-isopropylcarbamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3,5-dichlorophenylurea)acetate + OH- = 3,5-dichloroaniline + N-carboxyglycine.
Catalysis of the reaction: biuret + H2O = urea + CO2 + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dichlorophenylcarboximide + OH- = (3,5-dichlorophenylurea)acetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: epsilon-caprolactam + H2O = H+ + 6-aminohexanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyanuric acid + H2O = biuret + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: ammelide + H2O = cyanuric acid + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chloro-4-hydroxy-6-amino-1,3,5-triazine + OH- = 2,4-dihydroxy-6-amino-1,3,5-triazine + Cl-.
Catalysis of the reaction: ammeline + H2O = ammelide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: deisopropylhydroxyatrazine + H2O = NH3 + 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(N'-ethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(N'-ethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine + H2O = CH3CH2NH2 + cyanuric acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(2)O = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(2)O = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(2)O = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(2)O = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(2)O = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 H(+) + thiocyanate = carbonyl sulfide + NH(4)(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile + 2 H(2)O = 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoate + NH(4)(+). Involved in the bacterial degradation of the herbicide bromoxynil.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile + 2 H(2)O = 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoate + NH(4)(+). Involved in the bacterial degradation of the herbicide bromoxynil.
Catalysis of the reaction: R-CN + H2O = R-COOH + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(ethylamino)-2-hydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine + H2O = N-isopropylammelide + ethylamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(ethylamino)-2-hydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine + H2O = N-isopropylammelide + ethylamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(ethylamino)-2-hydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine + H2O = N-isopropylammelide + ethylamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(ethylamino)-2-hydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine + H2O = N-isopropylammelide + ethylamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: N-isopropylammelide + H2O = cyanuric acid + isopropylamine.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis,cis-2-hydroxy-6-oxohept-2,4-dienoate + OH- = cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + acetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrophloroglucinol + OH- = 3-hydroxy-5-oxohexanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate + H2O = cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + isobutyrate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-(2'-aminophenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O = 2-aminobenzoate + cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxoocta-2,4-dienoate + H2O = H+ + propanoate + cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-oxo-2-hydroxy-7-(4'-chlorophenyl)-3,8,8-trichloroocta-2Z,4Z,7-trienoate + H2O = 2-(4'-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dichloropropenoate + cis-2-Hydroxy-3-chloropenta-2,4-dienone + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,4Z)-2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4-dienedioate + H2O = (2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + H+ + succinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,4Z)-2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4-dienedioate + H2O = (2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + H+ + succinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,4Z)-2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4-dienedioate + H2O = (2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + H+ + succinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,6-trioxoheptanoate + H2O = acetylpyruvate + acetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetylpyruvate + H(2)O = acetate + H(+) + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dioxo-6-phenylhexa-3-enoate + H2O = benzoate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dioxo-6-phenylhexa-3-enoate + H2O = benzoate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dioxo-6-phenylhexa-3-enoate + H2O = benzoate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O = formate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O = formate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O = formate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O = formate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-3-chloroacrylic acid + H2O = H+ + malonate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: alkyl halide + H2O = alcohol + HCl. Substrates are 1,3(R),4,6(R)-tetrachloro-1,4-cyclohexadiene (forms 2,4,5-trichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-ol) and 2,4,5-trichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-ol (forms 2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol).
Catalysis of the reaction: trichloroacetate + 2 H2O = 3 H+ + 3 Cl- + oxalate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dichloroacetate + H2O = 2 HCl + glyoxylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-halo or 1-pseudohalo-S-triazine = 1-hydroxy-S-triazine.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-3-chloroacrylic acid + H2O = H+ + HCl + malonate semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: deisopropyldeethylatrazine + H2O = 2-chloro-4-hydroxy-6-amino-1,3,5-triazine + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: haloacetate + H2O = glycolate + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: haloacetate + H2O = glycolate + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-haloalkane + H2O = a primary alcohol + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-haloalkane + H2O = a primary alcohol + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-haloalkane + H2O = a primary alcohol + halide.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzoyl CoA + chloride.
Catalysis of the reaction: atrazine + H(2)O = 4-(ethylamino)-2-hydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine + chloride + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexylsulfamate + H(2)O = cyclohexylamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexylsulfamate + H(2)O = cyclohexylamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexylsulfamate + H(2)O = cyclohexylamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexylsulfamate + H(2)O = cyclohexylamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexylsulfamate + H(2)O = cyclohexylamine + sulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate = CO2 + 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: bis(4-chlorophenyl)acetate + H+ = CO2 + bis(4-chlorophenyl)methane. Bis(4-chlorophenyl)acetate is also known as DDA; bis(4-chlorophenyl)methane is also known as DDM.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoate + H+ = CO2 + 2,6-dibromophenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate + H+ = CO2 + 2-propanol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,3-dicarbonate + H+ = CO2 + L-lactate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + H(+) = CO(2) + pyrogallol.
Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + H(+) = CO(2) + pyrogallol.
Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + H(+) = CO(2) + pyrogallol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) = CO(2) + phenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) = CO(2) + phenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H(+) = CO(2) + phenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-glutaconyl-CoA + H(+) = but-2-enoyl-CoA + CO(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-glutaconyl-CoA + H(+) = but-2-enoyl-CoA + CO(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-glutaconyl-CoA + H(+) = but-2-enoyl-CoA + CO(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-glutaconyl-CoA + H(+) = but-2-enoyl-CoA + CO(2).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dihydroxy-hept-trans-2-ene-1,7-dioate = pyruvate + succinic semialdehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: fumarate + toluene = 2-benzylsuccinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: fumarate + toluene = 2-benzylsuccinate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 2,6-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-4-(1'-hydroxynaphth-2'-yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate + H2O = pyruvate + 1-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: E-phenylitaconyl-CoA + H2O = (hydroxymethylphenyl)succinyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: trans-4-(2-(3-hydroxy)-thionaphthenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate + H2O = pyruvate + 3-hydroxy-2-formylbenzothiophene.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: alkene-CoA + H2O = alcohol-CoA. Substrates are crotonoyl-CoA (producing 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA) and 2,3-didehydro-pimeloyl-CoA (producing 3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-3-enoate-4-benzenoid + H2O = pyruvate + benzaldehyde derivative. Substrates are (3E)-4-(5-amino-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-oxo-but-3-ene-1-oic-acid (forms 5-aminosalicylaldehyde) and trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate (forms salicylaldehyde).
Catalysis of the reaction: (trans)-phenylacetaldoxime = H(2)O + phenylacetonitrile.
Catalysis of the reaction: (trans)-phenylacetaldoxime = H(2)O + phenylacetonitrile.
Catalysis of the reaction: (trans)-phenylacetaldoxime = H(2)O + phenylacetonitrile.
Catalysis of the reaction: (trans)-phenylacetaldoxime = H(2)O + phenylacetonitrile.
Catalysis of the reaction: (trans)-phenylacetaldoxime = H(2)O + phenylacetonitrile.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-(3-carboxy-3-oxopropenyl)-1H-2-pyridon + H2O = 2-oxobut-3-enanoate + 2,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methylpyridine.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate = H2O + methacrylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2-oxohept-3-ene-1,7-dioate + H2O = 2,4-dihydroxy-hept-trans-2-ene-1,7-dioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2-oxohept-3-ene-1,7-dioate + H2O = 2,4-dihydroxy-hept-trans-2-ene-1,7-dioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2-oxohept-3-ene-1,7-dioate + H2O = 2,4-dihydroxy-hept-trans-2-ene-1,7-dioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetaldehyde = acetylene + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetaldehyde = acetylene + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetaldehyde = acetylene + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: lactoyl-CoA = acryloyl-CoA + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: lactoyl-CoA = acryloyl-CoA + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: lactoyl-CoA = acryloyl-CoA + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: lactoyl-CoA = acryloyl-CoA + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: lactoyl-CoA = acryloyl-CoA + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: lactoyl-CoA = acryloyl-CoA + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: urea = cyanamide + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: urea = cyanamide + H(2)O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic amide = a nitrile + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + H(2)O = 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + H(2)O = 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + H(2)O = 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + H(2)O = 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + H(2)O = 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + H(2)O = 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: (hydroxyamino)benzene = 2-aminophenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (hydroxyamino)benzene = 2-aminophenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (hydroxyamino)benzene = 2-aminophenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (hydroxyamino)benzene = 2-aminophenol.
Catalysis of the reaction: triethanolamine = diethanolamine + acetaldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = methanethiol + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = methanethiol + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = methanethiol + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = methanethiol + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = methanethiol + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = methanethiol + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = methanethiol + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = HCl + unsym-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane is also known as DDMS; unsym-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDNU.
Catalysis of the elimination of HCl from a chloro- or bromopropanol, yielding an epoxypropane.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = HCl + 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane is also known as DDD; 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDMU.
Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane + HCl = 1,3(R),4(S),5(S),6(R)-pentachlorocyclohexene.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-chloro-1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene = Cl- + H+ + 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone.
Catalysis of the elimination of HCl from a chloropropanol, yielding an epoxypropane.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene + chloride + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene + chloride + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene + chloride + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene + chloride + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene + chloride + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene + chloride + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: dichloromethane + H(2)O = 2 chloride + formaldehyde + 2 H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: dichloromethane + H(2)O = 2 chloride + formaldehyde + 2 H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: alkylphosphonic acid = R-CH3 + phosphate. Substrates include aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) (forms methylamine), dimethylphosphinic acid (forms methylphosphonic acid), glyphosate (forms sarcosine) and methylphosphonic acid (forms phosphate).
Catalysis of the reaction: R-Hg+ + H+ = R-H + Hg2+.
Catalysis of the reaction: R-Hg+ + H+ = R-H + Hg2+.
Catalysis of the reaction: R-Hg+ + H+ = R-H + Hg2+.
Catalysis of the reaction: R-Hg+ + H+ = R-H + Hg2+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-2 H-benzo[h]chromene-2-carboxylate = cis -4-(1'-hydroxynaphth-2'-yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-mandelate = (R)-mandelate.
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-4-(2-(3-hydroxy)-thionaphthenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate = trans-4-(2-(3-hydroxy)-thionaphthenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-sulfomuconate = 4-sulfolactone.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran = 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate = (3E)-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate. (3E)-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate is also known as trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: styrene oxide = phenylacetaldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: styrene oxide = phenylacetaldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: styrene oxide = phenylacetaldehyde.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene = limonene.
Catalysis of the reaction: pinocarveol = carveol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 3-chloro-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 3-chloro-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene oxide = (Z)-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene oxide = (Z)-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: perillic acid + CoA-SH + ATP = H2O + ADP + phosphate + perillyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: perillic acid + CoA-SH + ATP = H2O + AMP + diphosphate + perillyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate + CoA-SH + ATP = H2O + ADP/AMP + mono/diphosphate + (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-delta3-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetate + ATP + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 2-oxo-delta3-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxo-3-phenylpropionate + CoA + ATP = AMP + diphosphate + benzoyl acetyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorobenzoate + ATP + CoASH = AMP + diphosphate + 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + benzoate + CoA = AMP + benzoyl-CoA + diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + benzoate + CoA = AMP + benzoyl-CoA + diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + benzoate + CoA = AMP + benzoyl-CoA + diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + benzoate + CoA = AMP + benzoyl-CoA + diphosphate + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + anthranilate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + anthranilyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + anthranilate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + anthranilyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + anthranilate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + anthranilyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + anthranilate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + anthranilyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + anthranilate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + anthranilyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + anthranilate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + anthranilyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorobenzoate + CoA + ATP = 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate. This reaction requires magnesium and is part of the bacterial 2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation pathway.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenylphosphate + CO2 + H2O = H+ + phosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-9,10-oxide + H2O = trans-9(S),10(S)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, formula CH2CH2, the simplest of the alkynes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, formula CH2CH2, the simplest of the alkynes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, formula CH2CH2, the simplest of the alkynes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acrylonitrile, a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. Acrylonitrile is used in the production of acrylic fibers, plastics, and synthetic rubbers.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-pinene, a monoterpene that may be a significant factor affecting bacterial activities in nature. It is a major component in tea-tree oils, and gives off a piney smelling odor.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, aniline-o-sulfonic acid, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, aniline-o-sulfonic acid, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, aniline-o-sulfonic acid, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminobenzoate, a derivative of benzoic acid with an NH2 group attached to C2, that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, the anion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, the anion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, the anion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving arsonoacetate, a synthetic, organic compound containing a single arsenic atom. Arsonoacetate and other arsenic containing compounds are used in agricultural applications as animal feed additives, cotton defoliants and post-emergence grass herbicides.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving atrazine, a triazine ring-containing compound, widely used as a herbicide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzoate, the anion of benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid), a fungistatic compound widely used as a food preservative; it is conjugated to glycine in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzoate, the anion of benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid) that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzonitrile. Benzonitrile is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate in the pharmaceutical, dyestuffs and rubber industries. It is highly toxic and harmful in contact with skin.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane, a halogenated organic insecticide that has been used worldwide for agriculture and public health.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane that occur in presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
The chemical reactions and pathways involving biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
The chemical reactions and pathways involving biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-chlorobiphenyl, a member of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) group of compounds, a very stable group of synthetic organic compounds composed of a biphenyl nucleus with 1-10 chlorine substituents. 4-chlorobiphenyl has been used as a model substrate to investigate PCB degradation.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving bromoxynil, C7H3Br2NO, a dibrominated phenol derivative with a cyano (-CN) group attached. Bromoxynil is used as a herbicide for post-emergent control of annual broadleaf weeds and works by inhibiting photosynthesis in the target plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone which is one of the major components in the leaves of common sage. Camphor exists in two enantiomers, but the (+)-isomer is more widely distributed.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone which is one of the major components in the leaves of common sage. Camphor exists in two enantiomers, but the (+)-isomer is more widely distributed.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone which is one of the major components in the leaves of common sage. Camphor exists in two enantiomers, but the (+)-isomer is more widely distributed.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving caprolactam, hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, a cyclic amide of caproic acid used in manufacture of synthetic fibers of the polyamide type. It can cause local irritation.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbazole, a heterocyclic aromatic compound containing a dibenzopyrrole system that is produced during coal gasification and is present in cigarette smoke. Coal tar produced at high temperature contains an average of 1.5% carbazole. It is used widely in synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics and is a suspected carcinogen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbazole, a heterocyclic aromatic compound containing a dibenzopyrrole system that is produced during coal gasification and is present in cigarette smoke. Coal tar produced at high temperature contains an average of 1.5% carbazole. It is used widely in synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics and is a suspected carcinogen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbazole, a heterocyclic aromatic compound containing a dibenzopyrrole system that is produced during coal gasification and is present in cigarette smoke. Coal tar produced at high temperature contains an average of 1.5% carbazole. It is used widely in synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics and is a suspected carcinogen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations. It is also used as grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of refrigerants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-carboxy-4'-sulfoazobenzene, a sulfonated azo compound synthesized by nitro-amine condensation from sulfanilic acid and 4-nitrobenzoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-carboxy-4'-sulfoazobenzene, a sulfonated azo compound synthesized by nitro-amine condensation from sulfanilic acid and 4-nitrobenzoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-carboxy-4'-sulfoazobenzene, a sulfonated azo compound synthesized by nitro-amine condensation from sulfanilic acid and 4-nitrobenzoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-chloroacrylic acid, ClHC=CHCOOH, a chlorinated derivative of acrylic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide, an acylanide herbicide widely used to protect corn, onion, cabbage, rose bushes, and ornamental plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide, an acylanide herbicide widely used to protect corn, onion, cabbage, rose bushes, and ornamental plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide, an acylanide herbicide widely used to protect corn, onion, cabbage, rose bushes, and ornamental plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanamide, NCNH2, a cyanide compound which has been used as a fertilizer, defoliant and in many manufacturing processes. It often occurs as the calcium salt, sometimes also referred to as cyanamide. The citrated calcium salt is used in the treatment of alcoholism.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclohexanol, the monohydroxy derivative of cyclohexane. It is used as a solvent and blending agent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclohexylsulfamate, also known as cyclamic acid. Sodium cyclohexylsulfamate (CHS-Na) was a widely used sweetening agent but was banned because of the suspicion of carcinogenicity and metabolic conversion to cyclohexylamine (CHA), a toxic substance. It is now used as a fungicide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclohexylsulfamate, also known as cyclamic acid. Sodium cyclohexylsulfamate (CHS-Na) was a widely used sweetening agent but was banned because of the suspicion of carcinogenicity and metabolic conversion to cyclohexylamine (CHA), a toxic substance. It is now used as a fungicide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclohexylsulfamate, also known as cyclamic acid. Sodium cyclohexylsulfamate (CHS-Na) was a widely used sweetening agent but was banned because of the suspicion of carcinogenicity and metabolic conversion to cyclohexylamine (CHA), a toxic substance. It is now used as a fungicide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzofuran, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one ether bond and one carbon-carbon bond. Dibenzofuran is a white crystalline solid created from the production of coal tar and used as an insecticide and an intermediate in the production of other chemicals.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond. Dibenzothiophene derivatives can be detected in diesel oil following hydrodesulfurization treatment to remove sulfur compounds that would otherwise generate sulfur oxides during combustion.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond. Dibenzothiophene derivatives can be detected in diesel oil following hydrodesulfurization treatment to remove sulfur compounds that would otherwise generate sulfur oxides during combustion.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond. Dibenzothiophene derivatives can be detected in diesel oil following hydrodesulfurization treatment to remove sulfur compounds that would otherwise generate sulfur oxides during combustion.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond.
The removal of the sulfur atom from dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4-dichlorobenzoate, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is a key intermediate in the aerobic degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,2-dichloroethane, a major commodity chemical used, for example, in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dichloromethane, a dichlorinated derivative of methane. It is a colorless organic liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor, often used as a paint remover.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated phenoxy compound which functions as a systemic herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated phenoxy compound which functions as a systemic herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated phenoxy compound which functions as a systemic herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP), a halohydrin suspected of being carcinogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic. DCP is used as a general solvent, as an intermediate in organic synthesis and in paints, varnishes, lacquers, water colors, binders and photographic lacquers.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP), a halohydrin suspected of being carcinogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic. DCP is used as a general solvent, as an intermediate in organic synthesis and in paints, varnishes, lacquers, water colors, binders and photographic lacquers.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP), a halohydrin suspected of being carcinogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic. DCP is used as a general solvent, as an intermediate in organic synthesis and in paints, varnishes, lacquers, water colors, binders and photographic lacquers.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving members of the 1,3-dichloropropene family, which includes cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. The 1,3-dichloropropenes are chlorinated hydrocarbons and the major active ingredients of commercial products for control of plant-parasitic nematodes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving members of the 1,3-dichloropropene family, which includes cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. The 1,3-dichloropropenes are chlorinated hydrocarbons and the major active ingredients of commercial products for control of plant-parasitic nematodes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving members of the 1,3-dichloropropene family, which includes cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. The 1,3-dichloropropenes are chlorinated hydrocarbons and the major active ingredients of commercial products for control of plant-parasitic nematodes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving members of the 1,3-dichloropropene family, which includes cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. The 1,3-dichloropropenes are chlorinated hydrocarbons and the major active ingredients of commercial products for control of plant-parasitic nematodes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving members of the 1,3-dichloropropene family, which includes cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. The 1,3-dichloropropenes are chlorinated hydrocarbons and the major active ingredients of commercial products for control of plant-parasitic nematodes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic ethers, any anhydride of the general formula R1-O-R2, formed between two identical or nonidentical organic hydroxy compounds.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic ethers, any anhydride of the general formula R1-O-R2, formed between two identical or nonidentical organic hydroxy compounds.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic ethers, any anhydride of the general formula R1-O-R2, formed between two identical or nonidentical organic hydroxy compounds.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl ether, CH3-O-CH3, the simplest ether. Dimethyl ether, also known wood ether and methyl ether, is a colorless gas that has been used in refrigeration applications.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl ether, CH3-O-CH3, the simplest ether. Dimethyl ether, also known wood ether and methyl ether, is a colorless gas that has been used in refrigeration applications.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl ether, CH3-O-CH3, the simplest ether. Dimethyl ether, also known wood ether and methyl ether, is a colorless gas that has been used in refrigeration applications.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methyl tert-butyl ether, 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane. Methyl tert-butyl ether is a synthetic chemical which is mixed with gasoline for use in reformulated gasoline. It was first introduced as an additive for unleaded gasoline in the 1980s. It is also used as a laboratory reagent and a pharmaceutical agent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO (C2H6OS), an alkyl sulfoxide that is practically odorless in its purified form. As a highly polar organic liquid, it is a powerful solvent. Its biological activities include the ability to penetrate plant and animal tissues and to preserve living cells during freezing.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO (C2H6OS), an alkyl sulfoxide that is practically odorless in its purified form. As a highly polar organic liquid, it is a powerful solvent. Its biological activities include the ability to penetrate plant and animal tissues and to preserve living cells during freezing.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO (C2H6OS), an alkyl sulfoxide that is practically odorless in its purified form. As a highly polar organic liquid, it is a powerful solvent. Its biological activities include the ability to penetrate plant and animal tissues and to preserve living cells during freezing.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO (C2H6OS), an alkyl sulfoxide that is practically odorless in its purified form. As a highly polar organic liquid, it is a powerful solvent. Its biological activities include the ability to penetrate plant and animal tissues and to preserve living cells during freezing.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO (C2H6OS), an alkyl sulfoxide that is practically odorless in its purified form. As a highly polar organic liquid, it is a powerful solvent. Its biological activities include the ability to penetrate plant and animal tissues and to preserve living cells during freezing.
A cyclic series of interconversions involving dimethyl sulfide, methanethiol and hydrogen sulfide. Dimethylsulfoxide can also be converted to dimethyl sulfide, which enters the cycle.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dodecyl sulfate, commonly found as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a component of a variety of synthetic surfactants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dodecyl sulfate, commonly found as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a component of a variety of synthetic surfactants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dodecyl sulfate, commonly found as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a component of a variety of synthetic surfactants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzene, C6H6, a volatile, very inflammable liquid, contained in the naphtha produced by the destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional distillation.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, a derivative of benzene with chlorine atoms attached to positions 1, 2 and 4 of the ring. It is a colorless liquid used as a solvent in chemical manufacturing, in dyes and intermediates, dielectric fluid, synthetic transformer oils, lubricants, heat-transfer medium and insecticides.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene or paramoth), a derivative of benzene with two chlorine atoms attached at opposite positions on the ring. It forms white crystals at room temperature and is used as an insecticidal fumigant, particularly in mothballs.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethylbenzene (phenylethane), a benzene derivative with an ethyl group attached to the ring, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorobenzene, a derivative of benzene with a chlorine atoms attached to the ring. It is a colorless liquid that is manufactured for use as a solvent. It quickly evaporates in the air and is degraded by hydroxyl radicals that are produced photochemically. The gas acts as a source of ClOx, which helps in the breakdown of stratospheric ozone.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethylbenzene (phenylethane), a benzene derivative with an ethyl group attached to the ring. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor used as a solvent and as a component of automotive and aviation fuels.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrobenzene (nitrobenzol), a derivative of benzene with an NO2 group attached to the ring. It is a yellow aromatic liquid used in perfumery and manufactured in large quantities in the preparation of aniline.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving fluorene, a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing a five-membered ring. It is a major component of fossil fuels and their derivatives and is also a by-product of coal-conversion and energy-related industries. It is commonly found in vehicle exhaust emissions, crude oils, motor oils, coal and oil combustion products, waste incineration, and industrial effluents.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid). The esters and polyesters are widely distributed in angiosperms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid). The esters and polyesters are widely distributed in angiosperms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid). The esters and polyesters are widely distributed in angiosperms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (also known as Lindane), the most common form of hexachlorohexane, a halogenated organic insecticide that has been used worldwide for agriculture and public health.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide also known by the trade name Roundup. It is a member of a broad class of compounds known as phosphonic acids, which contain a direct carbon-to-phosphorus (C-P) bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide also known by the trade name Roundup. It is a member of a broad class of compounds known as phosphonic acids, which contain a direct carbon-to-phosphorus (C-P) bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide also known by the trade name Roundup. It is a member of a broad class of compounds known as phosphonic acids, which contain a direct carbon-to-phosphorus (C-P) bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, an aromatic compound which is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways, including the biosynthesis of patulin, a toxin and antiviral agent produced by some moulds such as Penicillium patulinum.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving prodione, a colorless, odorless crystal. It is used as a dicarboximide contact fungicide to control a wide variety of crop diseases by inhibiting the germination of spores and the growth of the fungal mat (mycelium).
The chemical reactions and pathways involving limonene (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene), a monocyclic monoterpene.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-cresol (3-hydroxytoluene), the meta-isoform of cresol. Used to produce agricultural chemicals, and in specialty resins, pharmaceuticals and pressure-sensitive dyes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-cresol (3-hydroxytoluene), the meta-isoform of cresol. Used to produce agricultural chemicals, and in specialty resins, pharmaceuticals and pressure-sensitive dyes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-cresol (3-hydroxytoluene), the meta-isoform of cresol. Used to produce agricultural chemicals, and in specialty resins, pharmaceuticals and pressure-sensitive dyes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-cresol (3-hydroxytoluene), the meta-isoform of cresol. Used to produce agricultural chemicals, and in specialty resins, pharmaceuticals and pressure-sensitive dyes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-cresol (3-hydroxytoluene), the meta-isoform of cresol. Used to produce agricultural chemicals, and in specialty resins, pharmaceuticals and pressure-sensitive dyes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methanesulfonic acid, a strong acid produced by the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methanesulfonic acid, a strong acid produced by the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methanesulfonic acid, a strong acid produced by the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methyl ethyl ketone, a clear, colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor. It is used as a solvent and in making plastics, textiles and paints.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methyl ethyl ketone, a clear, colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor. It is used as a solvent and in making plastics, textiles and paints.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methyl ethyl ketone, a clear, colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor. It is used as a solvent and in making plastics, textiles and paints.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methyl ethyl ketone, a clear, colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor. It is used as a solvent and in making plastics, textiles and paints.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methyl ethyl ketone, a clear, colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor. It is used as a solvent and in making plastics, textiles and paints.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methyl fluoride, fluorine-substituted methane, a gaseous halogenated hydrocarbon that has been investigated as an inhibitor of methanotrophy and nitrification in soils.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-methylquinoline, C10H9N, an aromatic compound composed of a benzene ring and a heterocyclic N-containing ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphthalene, a fused ring bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon commonly found in crude oil and oil products. Naphthalene is familiar as the compound that gives mothballs their odor; it is used in the manufacture of plastics, dyes, solvents, and other chemicals, as well as being used as an antiseptic and insecticide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrilotriacetate, an aminotricarboxylic acid that binds bivalent metal ions in a ratio of 1:1. As an important industrial chelating agent, NTA has been widely used for various radionuclide processing and decontamination procedures, such as textile, paper and pulp processing and water treatment.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrilotriacetate, the aminotricarboxylic acid N(CH2COO-)3, that occur in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrilotriacetate, the aminotricarboxylic acid N(CH2COO-)3, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitroglycerin, a well-known nitrate ester and an important component of dynamite and other propellants. Toxic to algae, invertebrate, and vertebrates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitroglycerin, a well-known nitrate ester and an important component of dynamite and other propellants. Toxic to algae, invertebrate, and vertebrates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitroglycerin, a well-known nitrate ester and an important component of dynamite and other propellants. Toxic to algae, invertebrate, and vertebrates.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-nitropropane, a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor. 2-nitropropane is used principally as a solvent and chemical intermediate. As a solvent, it is used in inks, paints, adhesives, varnishes, polymers, and synthetic materials. It is a feedstock for the manufacture of 2-nitro-2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving n-octane, the 8 carbon straight chain alkane used in organic syntheses, calibrations, and azeotropic distillations. It is a common component of gasoline and other petroleum products and the engine fuel antiknocking properties of an isomer of n-octane are used as a comparative standard in the Octane Rating System.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol), an aromatic compound derived from the fermentation of lichen, and synthesized, probably as a fungicide, by some higher plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol), an aromatic compound derived from the fermentation of lichen, and synthesized, probably as a fungicide, by some higher plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol), an aromatic compound derived from the fermentation of lichen, and synthesized, probably as a fungicide, by some higher plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organomercury compound, any organic compound containing a mercury atom.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organometals, any metal-containing organic compound, especially one in which the metal atom is linked directly to one of more carbon atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organotin, an organic compound containing a tin atom.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tri-n-butyltin, an organometallic compound composed of three butyl chains attached to a tin atom. Tri-n-butyltin is used as an antifouling agent in ship bottom paints and can be toxic to many marine organisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organosilicon, organic compounds that contain silicon, a nonmetal element analogous to carbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organosilicon, organic compounds that contain silicon, a nonmetal element analogous to carbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organosilicon, organic compounds that contain silicon, a nonmetal element analogous to carbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organosilicons, organic compounds that contain silicon, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organosilicons, organic compounds that contain silicon, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organosilicons, organic compounds that contain silicon, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organosilicons, organic compounds that contain silicon, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organosilicons, organic compounds that contain silicon, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organosilicons, organic compounds that contain silicon, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylene, a mixture of three colorless, aromatic hydrocarbon liquids, ortho-, meta- and para-xylene.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-xylene, (1,3-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-xylene, (1,3-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-xylene, (1,3-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving o-xylene, (1,2-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving o-xylene, (1,2-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving o-xylene, (1,2-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-xylene, (1,4-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-xylene, (1,4-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-xylene, (1,4-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving parathion, a highly toxic organophosphate compound formerly used as a broad spectrum insecticide, acaricide, fumigant and nematocide. Degradation of parathion by sunlight or liver enzymes can result in the formation of the active compound paraoxon which interferes with the nervous system through cholinesterase inhibition.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-cymene, 1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene, one of the alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons found in volatile oils from over 100 plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentaerythritol tetranitrate, C(CH2-O-NO2)4, a substance produced for use as an explosive and a vasodilator.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon used in explosives and in the synthesis of dyes and drugs. Although phenanthrene is not mutagenic or carcinogenic, it has been shown to be toxic to marine diatoms, gastropods, mussels, crustaceans, and fish.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, where trans-9(R),10(R)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene is the principal intermediate metabolite.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, where trans-9(R),10(R)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene is the principal intermediate metabolite.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, where trans-9(S),10(S)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene is the principal intermediate metabolite.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, where trans-9(S),10(S)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene is the principal intermediate metabolite.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrophenol, a nitroaromatic compound which is used in the production of dyes, leather treatment agents, fungicides and as an intermediate in the production of the insecticide parathion.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrophenol, a nitroaromatic compound which is used in the production of dyes, leather treatment agents, fungicides and as an intermediate in the production of the insecticide parathion.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrophenol, a nitroaromatic compound which is used in the production of dyes, leather treatment agents, fungicides and as an intermediate in the production of the insecticide parathion.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid. It is produced from putrefaction of proteins in soil or breakdown of several constituents of plants, such as lignin, various oils and resins.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid. It is produced from putrefaction of proteins in soil or breakdown of several constituents of plants, such as lignin, various oils and resins.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid. It is produced from putrefaction of proteins in soil or breakdown of several constituents of plants, such as lignin, various oils and resins.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid. It is produced from putrefaction of proteins in soil or breakdown of several constituents of plants, such as lignin, various oils and resins.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid. It is produced from putrefaction of proteins in soil or breakdown of several constituents of plants, such as lignin, various oils and resins.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phthalate, the anion of phthalic acid. Phthalic acid diesters are used industrially in the production of a variety of household and consumer goods including plastic polymers, lubricating oils, and carriers for perfumes in cosmetics, while phthalic acid itself is used industrially as a plasticizer. Terephthalate is used in the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate (polyethene terephthlate, abbreviated PET or PETE), a plastic polymer with many commercial uses.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phthalate, the anion of phthalic acid. Phthalic acid diesters are used industrially in the production of a variety of household and consumer goods including plastic polymers, lubricating oils, and carriers for perfumes in cosmetics, while phthalic acid itself is used industrially as a plasticizer. Terephthalate is used in the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate (polyethene terephthlate, abbreviated PET or PETE), a plastic polymer with many commercial uses.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phthalate, the anion of phthalic acid. Phthalic acid diesters are used industrially in the production of a variety of household and consumer goods including plastic polymers, lubricating oils, and carriers for perfumes in cosmetics, while phthalic acid itself is used industrially as a plasticizer. Terephthalate is used in the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate (polyethene terephthlate, abbreviated PET or PETE), a plastic polymer with many commercial uses.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving propylene, an alkene produced by catalytic or thermal cracking of hydrocarbons or as a by-product of petroleum refining. It is used mainly in the preparation of alkylates for gasoline and in the production of polypropylene, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide and a number of other industrial chemicals.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any s-triazine compound. These compounds include many pesticides of widespread use in agriculture, and are characterized by a symmetrical hexameric ring consisting of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving styrene, an aromatic hydrocarbon liquid soluble in ether and alcohol. When heated, exposed to light or added to a peroxide catalyst, it undergoes polymerization to form polystyrene, a versatile material used in the manufacture of plastics, synthetic rubber, thermal insulation, and packaging. Styrene is a classified mutagen and a suspected carcinogen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrachloroethylene (tetrachloroethene), a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines. Tetrachloroethene has been used primarily as a solvent in dry-cleaning industries and to a lesser extent as a degreasing solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrachloroethylene (tetrachloroethene), a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines. Tetrachloroethene has been used primarily as a solvent in dry-cleaning industries and to a lesser extent as a degreasing solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrachloroethylene (tetrachloroethene), a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines. Tetrachloroethene has been used primarily as a solvent in dry-cleaning industries and to a lesser extent as a degreasing solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrofuran, a cyclic 4 carbon ether. It is one of the most polar ethers and is a widely used solvent for polar reagents. Since THF is very soluble in water and has a relatively low boiling point, significant amounts are often released into the environment, causing contamination problems.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrofuran, a cyclic 4 carbon ether. It is one of the most polar ethers and is a widely used solvent for polar reagents. Since THF is very soluble in water and has a relatively low boiling point, significant amounts are often released into the environment, causing contamination problems.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrofuran, a cyclic 4 carbon ether. It is one of the most polar ethers and is a widely used solvent for polar reagents. Since THF is very soluble in water and has a relatively low boiling point, significant amounts are often released into the environment, causing contamination problems.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiocyanate, the anion of thiocyanic acid, a toxic cyanide derivative commonly formed as a by-product in the production of gas for fuel, coke, and substances for chemical industries.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiocyanate, the anion of thiocyanic acid, a toxic cyanide derivative commonly formed as a by-product in the production of gas for fuel, coke, and substances for chemical industries.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiocyanate, the anion of thiocyanic acid, a toxic cyanide derivative commonly formed as a by-product in the production of gas for fuel, coke, and substances for chemical industries.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products such as gasoline and commonly used as a paint thinning agent and in other solvent applications.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products such as gasoline and commonly used as a paint thinning agent and in other solvent applications.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products such as gasoline and commonly used as a paint thinning agent and in other solvent applications.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trinitrotoluene, a methylated benzene molecule with three NO2 groups attached to it. This includes the explosive TNT, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid. It is prepared from toluene treated with concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids and is used in shells, bombs, and blasting explosives.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid. It is prepared from toluene treated with concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids and is used in shells, bombs, and blasting explosives.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid. It is prepared from toluene treated with concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids and is used in shells, bombs, and blasting explosives.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,2,3-tribromopropane, a toxic and volatile organic compound commonly used as a nematocide in agriculture.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated broad spectrum contact insecticide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated broad spectrum contact insecticide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated broad spectrum contact insecticide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated, broad spectrum, contact insecticide, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated, broad spectrum, contact insecticide, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated, broad spectrum, contact insecticide, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is widely used as a herbicide, often as a weed killer for home lawns.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is widely used as a herbicide, often as a weed killer for home lawns.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is widely used as a herbicide, often as a weed killer for home lawns.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving triethanolamine, a combustible, hygroscopic, colorless liquid commonly used in dry-cleaning solutions, cosmetics, detergents, textile processing, wool scouring, and as a corrosion inhibitor and pharmaceutical alkalizing agent.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods and can be obtained as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry by the oxidative breakdown of lignin.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods and can be obtained as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry by the oxidative breakdown of lignin.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods and can be obtained as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry by the oxidative breakdown of lignin.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving Z-phenylacetaldoxime, a member of the glucosinolate group of compounds, a class of natural products that are gaining increasing interest as cancer-preventing agents and crop protectants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphthalenesulfonate, sulfonated derivatives of naphthalene.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphthalenesulfonate, sulfonated derivatives of naphthalene.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphthalenesulfonate, sulfonated derivatives of naphthalene.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphthalenesulfonate, sulfonated derivatives of naphthalene.
Synthesis and ordering of the envelope of pronuclei.
The periodic shedding of part or all of a collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle. An example of this is found in the Nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans.
The first process of molting, characterized by the detachment of the old cuticle from the underlying epidermal cells.
The shedding of the old chitin-based cuticlar fragments during the molting cycle. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The deposition of eggs (either fertilized or not) upon a surface or into a medium such as water.
The deposition of eggs (either fertilized or not) upon a surface or into a medium such as water.
The determination of sex and sexual phenotype in an organism's germ line.
The determination of sex and sexual phenotypes in an organism's soma.
Any organism in which another organism, especially a parasite or symbiont, spends part or all of its life cycle and from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GMP, guanosine monophosphate.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GDP, guanosine 5'-diphosphate.
A protein complex that possesses molybdopterin synthase activity. In E. coli, the complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two MoaD and two MoaE subunits.
A protein complex that possesses molybdopterin synthase activity. In E. coli, the complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two MoaD and two MoaE subunits.
Catalysis of the reaction: farnesoic acid + S-adenosyl-methionine = methyl farnesoate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
The complete fully infectious extracellular virus particle.
The complete protein-nucleic acid complex that is the packaged form of the genome in a virus particle.
The complete protein-nucleic acid complex that is the packaged form of the genome in a virus particle.
The complete protein-nucleic acid complex that is the packaged form of the genome in a virus particle.
The whole of the genetic information of a virus, contained as either DNA or RNA.
A viral genome that consists of one continuous nucleic acid molecule.
A viral genome that is divided into two or more physically separate molecules of nucleic acid and packaged into a single virion.
A segmented viral genome consisting of two sub-genomic nucleic acids but each nucleic acid is packaged into a different virion.
A segmented viral genome consisting of three sub-genomic nucleic acids but each nucleic acid is packaged into a different virion.
A segmented viral genome consisting of more than three sub-genomic nucleic acids but each nucleic acid is packaged into a different virion.
A viral genome composed of deoxyribonucleic acid.
A viral genome composed of ribonucleic acid. This results in genome replication and expression of genetic information being inextricably linked.
A viral genome composed of double stranded RNA.
A viral genome composed of single stranded RNA of either positive or negative sense.
A single stranded RNA genome with the same nucleotide polarity as mRNA.
A single stranded RNA genome with the opposite nucleotide polarity as mRNA.
A RNA genome that contains coding regions that are either positive sense or negative sense on the same RNA molecule.
The protein coat that surrounds the infective nucleic acid in some virus particles. It comprises numerous regularly arranged subunits, or capsomeres.
The protein coat that surrounds the infective nucleic acid in some virus particles; the subunits are arranged to form a protein helix with the genetic material contained within. Tobacco mosaic virus has such a capsid structure.
The protein coat that surrounds the infective nucleic acid in some virus particles; the subunits are arranged to form an icosahedron, a solid with 20 faces and 12 vertices. Icosahedral capsids have 12 pentamers plus 10(T-1) hexamers, where T is the triangulation number. Tobacco satellite necrosis virus has such a capsid structure.
The lipid bilayer of a virion that surrounds the protein capsid. May also contain glycoproteins.
The lipid bilayer of a virion that surrounds the protein capsid. May also contain glycoproteins.
A structure lying between the capsid and envelope of a virus, varying in thickness and often distributed asymmetrically.
Specific locations and structures in the virus infected cell involved in replicating the viral genome.
A nucleoprotein complex containing viral genetic material and associated viral and host proteins, which is capable of inserting a viral genome into a host genome.
A nucleoprotein complex containing viral genetic material and associated viral and host proteins, which is capable of inserting a viral genome into a host genome.
Specific locations and structures in the virus infected cell involved in transcribing the viral genome.
Specific locations and structures in the virus infected cell involved in assembling new virions.
The name given to a viral genome after it has been integrated into the host genome; particularly applies to retroviruses and is a required part of the retroviral replication cycle.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell membrane during viral entry. Results in release of the virion contents into the cytoplasm.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.
The process by which, after initial infection, a virus lies dormant within a cell and viral production ceases. The process ends when the virus switches from latency and starts to replicate.
The process by which, after initial infection, a virus lies dormant within a cell and viral production ceases. The process ends when the virus switches from latency and starts to replicate.
The process by which, after initial infection, a virus lies dormant within a cell and viral production ceases. The process ends when the virus switches from latency and starts to replicate.
The process by which, after initial infection, a virus lies dormant within a cell and viral production ceases. The process ends when the virus switches from latency and starts to replicate.
The process by which, after initial infection, a virus lies dormant within a cell and viral production ceases. The process ends when the virus switches from latency and starts to replicate.
A process by which a virus establishes a latent state within its host, either as an integrated provirus within the host genome or as an episome, where viral genome remains in the cytoplasm or nucleus as distinct objects.
A process by which a virus establishes a latent state within its host, either as an integrated provirus within the host genome or as an episome, where viral genome remains in the cytoplasm or nucleus as distinct objects.
A process by which a virus establishes a latent state within its host, either as an integrated provirus within the host genome or as an episome, where viral genome remains in the cytoplasm or nucleus as distinct objects.
The perpetuation of a latent state, generally by repressing the viruses own lytic genes expression and ensuring expression of viral genes which function to keep the viral genome from being detected by the host defense mechanisms.
The perpetuation of a latent state, generally by repressing the viruses own lytic genes expression and ensuring expression of viral genes which function to keep the viral genome from being detected by the host defense mechanisms.
The perpetuation of a latent state, generally by repressing the viruses own lytic genes expression and ensuring expression of viral genes which function to keep the viral genome from being detected by the host defense mechanisms.
The perpetuation of a latent state, generally by repressing the viruses own lytic genes expression and ensuring expression of viral genes which function to keep the viral genome from being detected by the host defense mechanisms.
The perpetuation of a latent state, generally by repressing the viruses own lytic genes expression and ensuring expression of viral genes which function to keep the viral genome from being detected by the host defense mechanisms.
Any process required for latent viral replication in a cell.
The process by which a virus begins to replicate following a latency replication decision (switch).
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism.
Any process, either active or passive, by which a virus avoids or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defense(s). Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the virus or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
Any process, either active or passive, by which a virus avoids or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defense(s). Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the virus or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
Any process, either active or passive, by which a virus avoids or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defense(s). Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the virus or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
Any viral process that inhibits apoptosis of infected host cells, facilitating prolonged cell survival during viral replication.
Any viral process that inhibits apoptosis of infected host cells, facilitating prolonged cell survival during viral replication.
Any viral process that inhibits apoptosis of infected host cells, facilitating prolonged cell survival during viral replication.
Any viral process that inhibits apoptosis of infected host cells, facilitating prolonged cell survival during viral replication.
The set of viral processes that induce an apoptotic process in infected host cells, facilitating release and spread of progeny virions.
The set of viral processes that induce an apoptotic process in infected host cells, facilitating release and spread of progeny virions.
The set of viral processes that induce an apoptotic process in infected host cells, facilitating release and spread of progeny virions.
The set of viral processes that induce an apoptotic process in infected host cells, facilitating release and spread of progeny virions.
The set of viral processes that induce an apoptotic process in infected host cells, facilitating release and spread of progeny virions.
The set of viral processes that induce an apoptotic process in infected host cells, facilitating release and spread of progeny virions.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the processes and activities of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the processes and activities of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the processes and activities of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the processes and activities of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the processes and activities of its host organism.
The process in which a virus effects a change in the processes and activities of its host organism.
Interactions, directly with the host cell macromolecular machinery, to allow a virus to modulate the rate of the host cell cycle to facilitate virus replication.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of its host's transcription.
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of its host's transcription.
A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome.
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The directed movement of a viral protein within the host cell.
The process by which an incoming virus is disassembled in the host cell to release a replication-competent viral genome.
The process by which a virion protein binds to molecules on the host cellular surface or host cell surface projection.
The process by which a virion protein binds to molecules on the host cellular surface or host cell surface projection.
The process by which a virion protein binds to molecules on the host cellular surface or host cell surface projection.
Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell.
Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell.
Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell.
Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell.
Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell.
Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell.
Any receptor-mediated endocytosis that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell; successive instances of virus endocytosis result in the accumulation of virus particles within the cell.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed.
The assembly of a virus capsid from its protein subunits.
The processes involved in creating a mature, stable viral genome. Begins after genome replication with a newly synthesized nucleic acid and ends when the genome is ready to be packaged. Includes the addition of proteins to the newly synthesized genome, and DNA repair processes.
The cleavage of viral DNA into singular functional units.
The encapsulation of the viral genome within the capsid.
The packing of viral DNA into a capsid.
The packaging of viral RNA (single-stranded or double-stranded) into a nucleocapsid.
The refolding and structural rearrangements of virion parts to transition from the intermediate virion to the more mature virion. Maturation usually involves proteolysis events and changes in the folding of the virion proteins. Can occur inside the host cell or after release.
The refolding and structural rearrangements of virion parts to transition from the intermediate virion to the more mature virion. Maturation usually involves proteolysis events and changes in the folding of the virion proteins. Can occur inside the host cell or after release.
The dissemination of mature viral particles from the host cell, e.g. by cell lysis or the budding of virus particles from the cell membrane.
The dissemination of mature viral particles from the host cell, e.g. by cell lysis or the budding of virus particles from the cell membrane.
The dissemination of mature viral particles from the host cell, e.g. by cell lysis or the budding of virus particles from the cell membrane.
The dissemination of mature viral particles from the host cell, e.g. by cell lysis or the budding of virus particles from the cell membrane.
The dissemination of mature viral particles from the host cell, e.g. by cell lysis or the budding of virus particles from the cell membrane.
A process by which a viral gene is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes viral transcription, processing to produce a mature RNA product, and viral translation.
A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery.
A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery.
A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery.
A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery.
A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery.
Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a viral protein.
The process by which a viral genome, or part of a viral genome, is transcribed within the host cell.
The viral transcription that takes place after early transcription in the viral life cycle, and which involves the transcription of genes required for replication.
The first phase of viral transcription that occurs after entry of the virus into the host cell, but prior to viral genome replication. It involves the transcription of genes for non-structural proteins, and for lytic viruses, the early gene products are involved in establishing control over the host cell.
The transcription of the final group of viral genes of the viral life cycle, following middle transcription, or where middle transcription doesn't occur, following early transcription. Involves the transcription of genes encoding structural proteins.
Any virus-induced change in the morphological, biochemical, or growth parameters of a cell.
Any virus-induced change in the morphological, biochemical, or growth parameters of a cell.
A virus-induced cellular transformation arising in immortalized cells, or cells capable of indefinite replication, due to their ability to produce their own telomerase.
The transfer of virions in order to create new infection.
The process in which a rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a lrRNA, large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a lrRNA, large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a lrRNA, large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a lrRNA, large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a lrRNA, large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a lrRNA, large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a srRNA, small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a srRNA, small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a srRNA, small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a srRNA, small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a srRNA, small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
The process in which a srRNA, small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid, is transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol.
Any process in which mitochondrial RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.
Any process in which mitochondrial RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.
Any process in which mitochondrial RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.
Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
Any process in which mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction.
The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction.
The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction.
The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction.
The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction.
The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction.
The determination of sex and sexual phenotype in a female organism's germ line.
The determination of sex and sexual phenotype in a female organism's germ line.
The determination of sex and sexual phenotype in a male organism's germ line.
The determination of sex and sexual phenotypes in a female organism's soma.
The determination of sex and sexual phenotypes in a male organism's soma.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyrimidine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate.
Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a myristoyl (CH3-[CH2]12-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an aromatic acid + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + phenanthrylsulfate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrol + glucose = phenanthryl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = a muconate.
Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = benzoate + NAD(P)H + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxynicotine + H2O + O2 = 1-(6-hydroxypyrid-3-yl)-4-(methylamino)butan-1-one + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: a dihydroxyfluorene + O2 = the corresponding 2-hydroxy-4-(oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-ylidene) but-2-enoic acid.
Catalysis of the reaction: a phenanthrene dioxide + H2O = a dihydrodiolphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-9,10-oxide + H2O = trans-9,10-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid halide bond in substances containing halogen atoms in organic linkage.
The process of linking a protein to peptidoglycan via the epsilon amino group of lysine to the diaminopimelic acid of the peptidoglycan.
The racemization of peptidyl-methionine.
The racemization of peptidyl-methionine.
The racemization of peptidyl-isoleucine.
The racemization of peptidyl-isoleucine.
The racemization of peptidyl-phenylalanine.
The racemization of peptidyl-phenylalanine.
The racemization of peptidyl-serine.
The racemization of peptidyl-serine.
The racemization of peptidyl-tryptophan.
The racemization of peptidyl-tryptophan.
The racemization of peptidyl-leucine.
The racemization of peptidyl-leucine.
Catalysis of the reaction: choline + 2 reduced ferredoxin + O2 + 2 H+ = betaine aldehyde hydrate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine + donor-H2 + O2 = protein N6-((R)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-L-lysine + acceptor + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine + donor-H2 + O2 = protein N6-((R)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-L-lysine + acceptor + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine + donor-H2 + O2 = protein N6-((R)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-L-lysine + acceptor + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine + donor-H2 + O2 = protein N6-((R)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-L-lysine + acceptor + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2'-deoxynucleoside = ADP + 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: a thioglucoside + H2O = a thiol + a sugar.
Catalysis of the reaction: a thioglucoside + H2O = a thiol + a sugar.
Catalysis of the reaction: a thioglucoside + H2O = a thiol + a sugar.
Catalysis of the reaction: a thioglucoside + H2O = a thiol + a sugar.
Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+. The reaction is B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+. The reaction is B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+. The reaction is B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+. The reaction is B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+. The reaction is B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NADP+.
Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H(2)O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H(2)O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H(2)O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H(2)O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H(2)O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H(2)O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: 8-phospho-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate + H(2)O = 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-sugar + H2O = AMP + sugar 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-sugar + H2O = AMP + sugar 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-sugar + H2O = AMP + sugar 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-sugar + H2O = AMP + sugar 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-sugar + H2O = AMP + sugar 1-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanal + NAD+ + H2O = 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose 5-phosphate = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + 2 H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose 5-phosphate = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + 2 H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose 5-phosphate = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + 2 H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose 5-phosphate = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + 2 H(+).
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD(+) = aminoacetone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD(+) = aminoacetone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD(+) = aminoacetone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD(+) = aminoacetone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD(+) = aminoacetone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD(+) = aminoacetone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD(+) = aminoacetone + H(+) + NADH.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-cysteine + H2O = sulfide + NH3 + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-cysteine + H2O = sulfide + NH3 + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-cysteine + H2O = sulfide + NH3 + pyruvate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloro-D-alanine + H2O = pyruvate + chloride + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloro-D-alanine + H2O = pyruvate + chloride + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloro-D-alanine + H2O = pyruvate + chloride + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-ribulose = ADP + D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-ribulose = ADP + D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + NAD+ = D-galactono-1,4-lactone + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + NAD+ = D-galactono-1,4-lactone + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + NAD+ = D-galactono-1,4-lactone + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + NAD+ = D-galactono-1,4-lactone + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + NAD+ = D-galactono-1,4-lactone + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + glycolate = AH(2) + glyoxylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + glycolate = AH(2) + glyoxylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + glycolate = AH(2) + glyoxylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + glycolate = AH(2) + glyoxylate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-(imidazol-5-yl)lactate + NADP+ = 3-(imidazol-5-yl)pyruvate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-(imidazol-5-yl)lactate + NADP+ = 3-(imidazol-5-yl)pyruvate + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,6)-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin and their beta-limits dextrins.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,6)-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin and their beta-limits dextrins.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + O(2) = H(2)O(2) + oxaloacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + O(2) = H(2)O(2) + oxaloacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + O(2) = H(2)O(2) + oxaloacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + O(2) = H(2)O(2) + oxaloacetate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-mannose = ADP + D-mannose 6-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-mannose = ADP + D-mannose 6-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-mannose = ADP + D-mannose 6-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + H2O = beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + H2O = beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + H2O = beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + H2O = beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + H2O = beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + NH3.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + nicotinamide mononucleotide = D-ribose 5-phosphate + H(+) + nicotinamide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + nicotinamide mononucleotide = D-ribose 5-phosphate + H(+) + nicotinamide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + nicotinamide mononucleotide = D-ribose 5-phosphate + H(+) + nicotinamide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + nicotinamide mononucleotide = D-ribose 5-phosphate + H(+) + nicotinamide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + nicotinamide mononucleotide = D-ribose 5-phosphate + H(+) + nicotinamide.
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + nicotinamide mononucleotide = D-ribose 5-phosphate + H(+) + nicotinamide.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha,omega-diamine + 2-oxoglutarate = an omega-aminoaldehyde + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha,omega-diamine + 2-oxoglutarate = an omega-aminoaldehyde + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha,omega-diamine + 2-oxoglutarate = an omega-aminoaldehyde + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha,omega-diamine + 2-oxoglutarate = an omega-aminoaldehyde + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha,omega-diamine + 2-oxoglutarate = an omega-aminoaldehyde + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: oxaloacetate + pyridoxamine = L-aspartate + pyridoxal.
Catalysis of the reaction: oxaloacetate + pyridoxamine = L-aspartate + pyridoxal.
Catalysis of the reaction: oxaloacetate + pyridoxamine = L-aspartate + pyridoxal.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + D-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + D-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + D-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + D-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + D-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = ADP + 2 H(+) + thiamine phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = ADP + 2 H(+) + thiamine phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = ADP + 2 H(+) + thiamine phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = ADP + 2 H(+) + thiamine phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = ADP + 2 H(+) + thiamine phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + NADP+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + NADP+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + NADP+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-octaprenylphenol + NADPH + O2 + H+ = 2-octaprenyl-6-hydroxyphenol + NADP+ + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = methylglyoxal + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = methylglyoxal + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = methylglyoxal + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: a (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = H2O + a trans-delta2-enoyl-acyl-[acyl-carrier protein].
Catalysis of the reaction: a (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = H2O + a trans-delta2-enoyl-acyl-[acyl-carrier protein].
Catalysis of the reaction: methylglyoxal + H2O = D-lactate.
Catalysis of the reaction: methylglyoxal + H2O = D-lactate.
Catalysis of the reaction: methylglyoxal + H2O = D-lactate.
Catalysis of the reaction: tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide + reduced acceptor = tetrahydrothiophene + acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: dihydroneopterin monophosphate = dihydroneopterin + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dihydroneopterin triphosphate = dihydroneopterin phosphate + diphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NADP+ = NAD+ + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose + 2-oxoglutarate = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose + L-glutamate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose = L-glutamate + dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose = L-glutamate + dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose = L-glutamate + dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose = L-glutamate + dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose = L-glutamate + dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-galactose.
Catalysis of the reaction: a halohydrin = an epoxide + a hydrogen halide.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when histamine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which chloride ions may pass in response to histamine binding to the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.
A protein complex that recognizes the proximal sequence element of RNA polymerase II and III snRNA promoters.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from acyl-CoA to a nitrogen atom on an acceptor molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a mannose residue to an oligosaccharide, forming a beta-(1->4) linkage.
Enables the transfer of cellobiose from one side of a membrane to the other. Cellobiose, or 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose, is a disaccharide that represents the basic repeating unit of cellulose.
Enables the transfer of cellobiose from one side of a membrane to the other. Cellobiose, or 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose, is a disaccharide that represents the basic repeating unit of cellulose.
Enables the transfer of sorbose from one side of a membrane to the other. Sorbose is the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose; L-sorbose is formed by bacterial oxidation of sorbitol. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid.
Enables the transfer of sorbose from one side of a membrane to the other. Sorbose is the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose; L-sorbose is formed by bacterial oxidation of sorbitol. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid.
Enables the transfer of galactosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Galactosamine is an aminodeoxysugar; D-galactosamine is a constituent of some glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans, commonly as its N-acetyl derivative.
Enables the transfer of galactosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Galactosamine is an aminodeoxysugar; D-galactosamine is a constituent of some glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans, commonly as its N-acetyl derivative.
Includes phosphoenolpyruvate-protein phosphatase (enzyme I of the phosphotransferase system) and protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase (enzyme II of the phosphotransferase system).
Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate.
Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a carbohydrate substrate molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an amino acid substrate.
Catalysis of the reaction: carbohydrate phosphate + H2O = carbohydrate + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphopolynucleotide + H2O = polynucleotide + phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: nucleotide + H2O = nucleotide + phosphate.
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside = ADP + nucleoside monophosphate.
Modulates the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
Modulates the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule.
Binds to and increases the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
Increases the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule.
Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acetyl group or groups from a substrate molecule.
Any process that modulates the surface tension of a liquid. Surface tension is the property that makes a liquid behave as if it had an elastic skin on its surface at the interface with a gas or an immiscible liquid.
Any process that modulates the surface tension of a liquid. Surface tension is the property that makes a liquid behave as if it had an elastic skin on its surface at the interface with a gas or an immiscible liquid.
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an intermediate filament, a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of higher eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.
Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates.
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.
The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission.
The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission.
The propagation of an action potential along an axon, away from the soma.
An action potential that occurs in a neuron.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels.
The series of events by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception is mediated by proprioceptors, sensory nerve terminals found in muscles, tendons, and joint capsules, which give information concerning movements and position of the body. The receptors in the labyrinth are sometimes also considered proprioceptors.
The perception of the orientation of different parts of the body with respect to one another.
The series of events by which an organism senses the speed and direction of movement of the body and its parts.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Pain is medically defined as the physical sensation of discomfort or distress caused by injury or illness, so can hence be described as a harmful stimulus which signals current (or impending) tissue damage. Pain may come from extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, electricity or from noxious chemical substances. This is a neurological process.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Pain is medically defined as the physical sensation of discomfort or distress caused by injury or illness, so can hence be described as a harmful stimulus which signals current (or impending) tissue damage. Pain may come from extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, electricity or from noxious chemical substances. This is a neurological process.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a fast pain stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. Fast pain is often subjectively described as a sharp or stabbing pain; in humans, the signals from a fast pain stimulus are perceived and relayed along myelinated A-delta fibers to the central nervous system, reaching their target in about 0.1 seconds.
The series of events required for an organism to receive a slow pain stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. Slow pain is often subjectively described as an aching or throbbing pain; in humans, the signals from a slow pain stimulus are perceived and relayed along unmyelinated C fibers to the central nervous system, reaching their target in about 1 second. Slow pain is often associated with tissue destruction.
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2, in a reaction that involves the opening of a ring.
Catalysis of the removal of an amino group from a substrate, producing ammonia (NH3).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, into D-lactate via the intermediate S-lactoyl-glutathione. Glutathione is used in the first step of the pathway and then regenerated in the second step.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D(-)-lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D(-)-lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D(-)-lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L(+)-lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L(+)-lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L(+)-lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L(+)-lactate from other compounds, including pyruvate.
Partial conversion of one lactate enantiomer into another so that the specific optical rotation is decreased, or even reduced to zero, in the resulting mixture.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-lactate from methylglyoxal, via the intermediate (R)-lactaldehyde.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-lactate from methylglyoxal, via the intermediate (R)-lactaldehyde.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-lactate from methylglyoxal, via the intermediate (R)-lactaldehyde.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants.
The fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) as glucose in the chloroplasts of C3 plants; uses ATP and NADPH formed in the light reactions of photosynthesis; carbon dioxide reacts with ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (catalyzed by the function of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase) to yield two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate; these are then phosphorylated by ATP to 1,3-bisphosphateglyceraldehyde which, in turn, is then reduced by NADPH to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. The glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted to fructose 5-phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate by aldolase and other enzymes; the ribulose 5-phosphate is phosphorylated by ATP to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.
The fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) as glucose in the chloroplasts of C3 plants; uses ATP and NADPH formed in the light reactions of photosynthesis; carbon dioxide reacts with ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (catalyzed by the function of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase) to yield two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate; these are then phosphorylated by ATP to 1,3-bisphosphateglyceraldehyde which, in turn, is then reduced by NADPH to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. The glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted to fructose 5-phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate by aldolase and other enzymes; the ribulose 5-phosphate is phosphorylated by ATP to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carnitine, where metabolism is linked to CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose 1-phosphate, a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-1.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose 1-phosphate, a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-1.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose 1-phosphate, a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-1.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acrylonitrile, a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. Acrylonitrile is used in the production of acrylic fibers, plastics, and synthetic rubbers.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acrylonitrile, a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. Acrylonitrile is used in the production of acrylic fibers, plastics, and synthetic rubbers.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acrylonitrile, a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. Acrylonitrile is used in the production of acrylic fibers, plastics, and synthetic rubbers.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene. It is a light yellow liquid with a weak aromatic odor.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene. It is a light yellow liquid with a weak aromatic odor.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene. It is a light yellow liquid with a weak aromatic odor.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,2-dichloroethane, a major commodity chemical used, for example, in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,2-dichloroethane, a major commodity chemical used, for example, in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,2-dichloroethane, a major commodity chemical used, for example, in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene or paramoth), a derivative of benzene with two chlorine atoms attached at opposite positions on the ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene or paramoth), a derivative of benzene with two chlorine atoms attached at opposite positions on the ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene or paramoth), a derivative of benzene with two chlorine atoms attached at opposite positions on the ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine from other compounds, including serine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine from other compounds, including serine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine from other compounds, including serine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine by the transamination of glyoxylate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine by the transamination of glyoxylate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine by the transamination of glyoxylate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine from other compounds, including oxaloacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine from other compounds, including oxaloacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine from other compounds, including oxaloacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine from other compounds, including cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine from other compounds, including cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine from other compounds, including cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aerobactin (C22H36N4O13), a hydroxamate iron transport compound. It is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aerobactin (C22H36N4O13), a hydroxamate iron transport compound. It is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aerobactin (C22H36N4O13), a hydroxamate iron transport compound. It is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aerobactin (C22H36N4O13), a hydroxamate iron transport compound. It is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.
The directed movement of the hydroxamate iron transport compound aerobactin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Aerobactin (C22H36N4O13) is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alanine from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alanine from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alanine from other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-alanine, via the intermediate ornithine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-alanine, via the intermediate ornithine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-alanine, via the intermediate ornithine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including L-homoserine, via the intermediate cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-succinyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from S-adenosylmethionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from S-adenosylmethionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of betaine (N-trimethylglycine) from the oxidation of choline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of betaine (N-trimethylglycine) from the oxidation of choline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of betaine (N-trimethylglycine) from the oxidation of choline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of betaine (N-trimethylglycine) from the oxidation of choline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of betaine (N-trimethylglycine) from the oxidation of choline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of betaine (N-trimethylglycine) from the oxidation of choline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine betaine from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine betaine from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine betaine from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine betaine from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine betaine from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, via the intermediate mevalonate. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis, through a series of mevalonate intermediates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, via the intermediate mevalonate. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis, through a series of mevalonate intermediates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, via the intermediate mevalonate. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis, through a series of mevalonate intermediates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, via the intermediate mevalonate. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis, through a series of mevalonate intermediates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, via the intermediate mevalonate. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis, through a series of mevalonate intermediates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, via the intermediate mevalonate. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis, through a series of mevalonate intermediates.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine by the oxidation of phenylalanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme M (2-thioethansulfonate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme M (2-thioethansulfonate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme M (2-thioethansulfonate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme M (2-thioethansulfonate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme M (2-thioethansulfonate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose, (ribo-pentose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose, (ribo-pentose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose, (ribo-pentose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose, (ribo-pentose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-ribose (ribo-pentose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-ribose (ribo-pentose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-ribose (ribo-pentose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose, that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose, that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose, that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-D-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-D-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-D-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-D-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sorbose, the L-enantiomer of the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. L-sorbose is formed by bacterial oxidation of sorbitol.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fucose (6-deoxygalactose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fucose (6-deoxygalactose).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fucose (6-deoxygalactose).
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-lyxose, the L-enantiomer of aldopentose lyxo-pentose, the C-2 epimer of xylose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrotoluene, any methylbenzene molecule with NO2 group(s) attached.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of lead sulfide to lead sulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of lead sulfide to lead sulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of lead sulfide to lead sulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which ammonia or ammonium is converted to molecular nitrogen or another nitrogen compound, with accompanying loss of electrons.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldoximes, compounds derived by the reaction of an aldose with hydroxylamine, thus containing the aldoxime group -HC=NOH.
The oxidation of ammonium (NH4) to nitrogen (N2) in the absence of oxygen, using nitrite (NO2) as the electron acceptor. It is suggested that hydroxylamine and ammonium are combined to yield hydrazine, which is subsequently oxidized to N2.
The oxidation of ammonium (NH4) to nitrogen (N2) in the absence of oxygen, using nitrite (NO2) as the electron acceptor. It is suggested that hydroxylamine and ammonium are combined to yield hydrazine, which is subsequently oxidized to N2.
The oxidation of nitrite (NO2) to nitrate (NO3), using oxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. Nitrite oxidation is the final step in nitrification, the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate, and nitrite oxidoreductase (NOR) is the key enzyme complex that catalyzes the conversion of nitrite to nitrate in nitrite oxidizing species.
The reduction of nitrate to dinitrogen by four reactions; each intermediate is transformed to the next lower oxidation state; also part of cellular bioenergetics; the nitrogen compounds can serve as terminal acceptors for electron transport phosphorylation in place of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of p-cymene, 1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene, one of the alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons found in volatile oils from over 100 plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of p-cymene, 1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene, one of the alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons found in volatile oils from over 100 plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of p-cymene, 1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene, one of the alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons found in volatile oils from over 100 plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-methylquinoline, C10H9N, an aromatic compound composed of a benzene ring and a heterocyclic N-containing ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-methylquinoline, C10H9N, an aromatic compound composed of a benzene ring and a heterocyclic N-containing ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-methylquinoline, C10H9N, an aromatic compound composed of a benzene ring and a heterocyclic N-containing ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrachloroethylene, a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrachloroethylene, a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrachloroethylene, a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrachloroethylene, a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrachloroethylene, a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of parathion, a highly toxic organophosphate compound. Degradation of parathion by sunlight or liver enzymes can result in the formation of the active compound paraoxon which interferes with the nervous system through cholinesterase inhibition.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of parathion, a highly toxic organophosphate compound. Degradation of parathion by sunlight or liver enzymes can result in the formation of the active compound paraoxon which interferes with the nervous system through cholinesterase inhibition.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of parathion, a highly toxic organophosphate compound. Degradation of parathion by sunlight or liver enzymes can result in the formation of the active compound paraoxon which interferes with the nervous system through cholinesterase inhibition.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzofuran, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one ether bond and one carbon-carbon bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzofuran, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one ether bond and one carbon-carbon bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzofuran, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one ether bond and one carbon-carbon bond.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine) in two steps from glutathione and spermidine via an N1- or N8-glutathionylspermidine intermediate. Trypanothione appears to be an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation. It also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine) in two steps from glutathione and spermidine via an N1- or N8-glutathionylspermidine intermediate. Trypanothione appears to be an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation. It also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine) in two steps from glutathione and spermidine via an N1- or N8-glutathionylspermidine intermediate. Trypanothione appears to be an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation. It also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine) in two steps from glutathione and spermidine via an N1- or N8-glutathionylspermidine intermediate. Trypanothione appears to be an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation. It also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate S-sulfo-L-cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate S-sulfo-L-cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate S-sulfo-L-cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate S-sulfo-L-cysteine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate S-sulfo-L-cysteine.
The interconversion of homocysteine and cysteine via cystathionine. In contrast with enteric bacteria and mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two transsulfuration pathways employing two separate sets of enzymes.
The interconversion of homocysteine and cysteine via cystathionine. In contrast with enteric bacteria and mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two transsulfuration pathways employing two separate sets of enzymes.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-alpha-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol, a substance composed of mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-alpha-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol, a substance composed of mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-alpha-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol, a substance composed of mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-alpha-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol, a substance composed of mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dolichols, any 2,3-dihydropolyprenol derived from four or more linked isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose. It occurs free in some plants and is a component of riboflavin.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin in which the sulfur atom has been replaced by two hydrogen atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin in which the sulfur atom has been replaced by two hydrogen atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin in which the sulfur atom has been replaced by two hydrogen atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin in which the sulfur atom has been replaced by two hydrogen atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin in which the sulfur atom has been replaced by two hydrogen atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin in which the sulfur atom has been replaced by two hydrogen atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glutamate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glutamate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glutamate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotide from other compounds, including aspartate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotide from other compounds, including aspartate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotide from other compounds, including aspartate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinate nucleotide from other compounds, including tryptophan.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinate nucleotide from other compounds, including tryptophan.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinate nucleotide from other compounds, including tryptophan.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinate (pyridine 3-carboxylic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinate (pyridine 3-carboxylic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinate (pyridine 3-carboxylic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinate (pyridine 3-carboxylic acid).
The generation of nicotinate nucleotide without de novo synthesis.
The generation of nicotinate nucleotide without de novo synthesis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotide from other compounds, including niacinamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotide from other compounds, including niacinamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide nucleotide from other compounds, including niacinamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.
Any process that generates a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base, from derivatives of them without de novo synthesis.
Elongation of a saturated fatty acid chain.
Elongation of a fatty acid chain into which one or more C-C double bonds have been introduced.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving arachidonic acid, a straight chain fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule. Arachidonic acid is the all-Z-(5,8,11,14)-isomer.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which prostaglandins are formed from arachidonic acid, and in which prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (cyclooxygenase) catalyzes the committed step in the conversion of arachidonic acid to the prostaglandin-endoperoxides PGG2 and PGH2.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which an unsaturated fatty acid (such as arachidonic acid or linolenic acid) is converted to other compounds, and in which the first step is hydroperoxide formation catalyzed by lipoxygenase.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which arachidonic acid is converted to other compounds including epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide).
The pathway by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds, where the phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction step is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) (EC:1.8.4.8).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-phenylpropionate, the anion of phenylpropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations. It is also used as grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of refrigerants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations. It is also used as grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of refrigerants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations. It is also used as grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of refrigerants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of caprolactam, hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, a cyclic amide of caproic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of caprolactam, hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, a cyclic amide of caproic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of caprolactam, hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, a cyclic amide of caproic acid.
The formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4, from other components, including acetate.
The formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4, from other components, including acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4, from other compounds, including carbon dioxide (CO2).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4, from other compounds, including carbon dioxide (CO2).
The formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4, from other components, including methanol.
The formation of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4, from other components, including methanol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronosides, any compound formed by combination in glycosidic linkage of a hydroxy compound with the anomeric carbon atom of a glucuronate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronosides, any compound formed by combination in glycosidic linkage of a hydroxy compound with the anomeric carbon atom of a glucuronate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronosides, any compound formed by combination in glycosidic linkage of a hydroxy compound with the anomeric carbon atom of a glucuronate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucarate, the dianion of glucaric acid, an aldaric acid derived from either glucose or gulose. There are two enantiomers L- and D-glucarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucarate, the dianion of glucaric acid, an aldaric acid derived from either glucose or gulose. There are two enantiomers L- and D-glucarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.
The removal of one or more electrons from a fatty acid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, via the intermediate 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, via the intermediate 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, via the intermediate 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, via the intermediate 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, where the first step is the conversion of gallate to (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate catalyzed by gallate dioxygenase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, where the first step is the conversion of gallate to (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate catalyzed by gallate dioxygenase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, where the first step is the conversion of gallate to (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate catalyzed by gallate dioxygenase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, where the first step is the conversion of gallate to (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate catalyzed by gallate dioxygenase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, where the first step is the conversion of gallate to (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate catalyzed by gallate dioxygenase.
The cyclohexanol metabolic process in which cyclohexanol is converted to adipate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichols, any 2,3-dihydropolyprenol derived from four or more linked isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichols, any 2,3-dihydropolyprenol derived from four or more linked isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichols, any 2,3-dihydropolyprenol derived from four or more linked isoprene units.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichols, any 2,3-dihydropolyprenol derived from four or more linked isoprene units.
The metabolic process in which ammonia (NH3) is oxidized to nitrite (NO2) in the presence of oxygen; enzymatic reactions convert ammonia to hydrazine, and hydrazine to nitrite.
The metabolic process in which carbon monoxide (CO) is oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO2) to generate energy. Conservation of energy in this process likely uses sodium ion gradients for ATP synthesis and is coupled to quantitative sulfide methylation.
The metabolic process in which ferrous ions (Fe2+) are oxidized to ferric ions (Fe3+) to generate energy, coupled to the reduction of carbon dioxide.
The oxidation of hydrogen (H2) to water (H2O), using oxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. A hydrogenase enzyme binds H2 and the hydrogen atoms are passed through an electron transfer chain to O2 to form water.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.
An aerobic respiration process in which a sulfur-containing molecule (hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, sulfite, thiosulfate, and various polythionates) is oxidized.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate from other compounds, including carbon monoxide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate from other compounds, including carbon monoxide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate from other compounds, including carbon monoxide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate from other compounds, including carbon monoxide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of thiosulfate to tetrathionate, using cytochrome c as an electron acceptor.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting the addition of oxygen to elemental sulfur.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of sulfide to elemental sulfur in a higher oxidation state, or to sulfite or sulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to another sulfur-containing ion or compound such as hydrogen sulfide, adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) or thiosulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to another sulfur-containing ion or compound such as hydrogen sulfide, adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) or thiosulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to another sulfur-containing ion or compound such as hydrogen sulfide, adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) or thiosulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to another sulfur-containing ion or compound such as hydrogen sulfide, adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) or thiosulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to another sulfur-containing ion or compound such as hydrogen sulfide, adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) or thiosulfate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to another sulfur-containing ion or compound such as hydrogen sulfide, adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) or thiosulfate.
The reduction of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, which acts as a terminal electron acceptor. Sulfate is activated to adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) which is then reduced to sulfite, which is in turn reduced to hydrogen sulfide.
The process in which sulfur compounds with an intermediate oxidation state serve as both electron donors and electron acceptors in an energy-generating redox process. The reaction takes place anaerobically, in light and in the absence of CO2.
A sulfur oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by sulfur:ferric ion oxidoreductase, and requires the presence of ferric ion (Fe3+).
A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by siroheme sulfite reductase.
A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by siroheme sulfite reductase.
A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by siroheme sulfite reductase.
A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by siroheme sulfite reductase.
A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by siroheme sulfite reductase.
A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by siroheme sulfite reductase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to thiosulfate via bisulfite.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate, either directly or via acetylphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate, either directly or via acetylphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate, either directly or via acetylphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate, either directly or via acetylphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fluorene, a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing a five-membered ring. It is a major component of fossil fuels and their derivatives and is also a by-product of coal-conversion and energy-related industries. It is commonly found in vehicle exhaust emissions, crude oils, motor oils, coal and oil combustion products, waste incineration, and industrial effluents.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fluorene, a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing a five-membered ring. It is a major component of fossil fuels and their derivatives and is also a by-product of coal-conversion and energy-related industries. It is commonly found in vehicle exhaust emissions, crude oils, motor oils, coal and oil combustion products, waste incineration, and industrial effluents.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fluorene, a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing a five-membered ring. It is a major component of fossil fuels and their derivatives and is also a by-product of coal-conversion and energy-related industries. It is commonly found in vehicle exhaust emissions, crude oils, motor oils, coal and oil combustion products, waste incineration, and industrial effluents.
Any process, acting at the cellular level, involved in removing superoxide radicals (O2-) from a cell or organism, e.g. by conversion to dioxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
Any process, acting at the cellular level, involved in removing superoxide radicals (O2-) from a cell or organism, e.g. by conversion to dioxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
Any process, acting at the cellular level, involved in removing superoxide radicals (O2-) from a cell or organism, e.g. by conversion to dioxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from ethanol via acetaldehyde.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from ethanol via acetaldehyde.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from ethanol via acetaldehyde.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate, an aromatic hydrocarbon.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including indole-3-acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including indole-3-acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including indole-3-acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including indole-3-acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including indole-3-acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including kynurenine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including kynurenine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tyrosine into other compounds, including fumarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tyrosine into other compounds, including fumarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-cysteine, (S)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, which occurs naturally in firefly luciferin.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-cysteine, (S)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, which occurs naturally in firefly luciferin.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-cysteine, (S)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, which occurs naturally in firefly luciferin.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including hypotaurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including hypotaurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown into pyruvate of L-cystine, catalyzed by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase (EC:1.13.11.20).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown into pyruvate of L-cystine, catalyzed by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase (EC:1.13.11.20).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including taurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including taurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, via the intermediate cystine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, via the intermediate cystine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme glutathione-cystine transhydrogenase (EC:1.8.4.4).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme glutathione-cystine transhydrogenase (EC:1.8.4.4).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme cystine reductase (EC:1.8.1.6).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme cystine reductase (EC:1.8.1.6).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme cysteine transaminase (EC:2.6.1.3).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme cysteine transaminase (EC:2.6.1.3).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine into other compounds, including succinyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine into other compounds, including succinyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine, via the intermediate 2-oxobutanoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine, via the intermediate 2-oxobutanoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into other compounds, including fumarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into other compounds, including fumarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into other compounds, including fumarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with the conversion of glutamine to glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutamate synthase (NADPH) (EC:1.4.1.13).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with the conversion of glutamine to glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutamate synthase (NADPH) (EC:1.4.1.13).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with the conversion of glutamine to glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutamate synthase (NADPH) (EC:1.4.1.13).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with conversion of glutamine into glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutaminase (EC:3.5.1.2).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with conversion of glutamine into glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutaminase (EC:3.5.1.2).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with conversion of glutamine into glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutaminase (EC:3.5.1.2).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine into other compounds, including creatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine into other compounds, including creatine.
The exchange of the amino group of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, for another amino group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine, via the intermediate proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine, via the intermediate proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine by decarboxylation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine by decarboxylation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nopaline (N-(I-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)glutamic acid), a rare amino-acid derivative.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nopaline (N-(I-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)glutamic acid), a rare amino-acid derivative.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nopaline (N-(I-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)glutamic acid), a rare amino-acid derivative.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopine (N-(1-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)-L-alanine), an amino acid derived opine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopine (N-(1-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)-L-alanine), an amino acid derived opine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopine (N-(1-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)-L-alanine), an amino acid derived opine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline. The presence of hydroxyproline is essential to produce stable triple helical tropocollagen, hence the problems caused by ascorbate deficiency in scurvy. This unusual amino acid is also present in considerable amounts in the major glycoprotein of primary plant cell walls.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including glutarate, by acetylation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including glutarate, by acetylation.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-lysine, the D-enantiomer of lysine; i.e. (2R)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-lysine, the D-enantiomer of lysine; i.e. (2R)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-lysine, the D-enantiomer of lysine; i.e. (2R)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-alanine to D-lactate and ammonia.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-alanine to pyruvate, with D-alanine as an intermediate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-alanine by transamination.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-alanine by transamination.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine into other compounds, including L-alanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine into other compounds, including L-alanine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine into other compounds, including mevalonate semialdehyde, by transamination.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine into other compounds, including mevalonate semialdehyde, by transamination.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, a colorless, volatile, explosive gas, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, a colorless, volatile, explosive gas, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, a colorless, volatile, explosive gas, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, a colorless, volatile, explosive gas, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylene, a colorless, volatile, explosive gas, that occur in the absence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. Ribitol is initially converted to D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to form ribulose 5-phosphate, which is then converted into xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. Ribitol is initially converted to D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to form ribulose 5-phosphate, which is then converted into xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. Ribitol is initially converted to D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to form ribulose 5-phosphate, which is then converted into xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid.
The removal of the sulfonate group from 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid), a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid), a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid), a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid), a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.
Any process which produces the amino acid proline from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
A one-carbon metabolic process in which acetyl-CoA is produced from formaldehyde and carbon dioxide.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hexachlorocyclohexane, a cyclohexane derivative with 6 chlorine atoms attached to the hexane ring. Hexachlorocyclohexane consists of a mixture of 8 different isomers and was used a commercial insecticide. It is persistent in the environment, causing serious soil pollution.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of n-octane to octanoyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanide, NC-, the anion of hydrocyanic acid. Cyanide is a potent inhibitor of respiration, reacting with the ferric form of cytochrome aa3 and thus blocking the electron transport chain.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanide, NC-, the anion of hydrocyanic acid. Cyanide is a potent inhibitor of respiration.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanide, NC-, the anion of hydrocyanic acid. Cyanide is a potent inhibitor of respiration.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanide, NC-, the anion of hydrocyanic acid. Cyanide is a potent inhibitor of respiration.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arsonoacetate, a synthetic, organic compound containing a single arsenic atom.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arsonoacetate, a synthetic, organic compound containing a single arsenic atom.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arsonoacetate, a synthetic, organic compound containing a single arsenic atom.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline found in alfalfa, chrysanthemum, and citrus plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving resorcinol (C6H4(OH)2), a benzene derivative with many applications, including dyes, explosives, resins and as an antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving resorcinol (C6H4(OH)2), a benzene derivative with many applications, including dyes, explosives, resins and as an antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving resorcinol (C6H4(OH)2), a benzene derivative with many applications, including dyes, explosives, resins and as an antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving resorcinol (C6H4(OH)2), a benzene derivative with many applications, including dyes, explosives, resins and as an antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving resorcinol (C6H4(OH)2), a benzene derivative with many applications, including dyes, explosives, resins and as an antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylmercury acetate, an organomercurial compound composed of a mercury atom attached to a benzene ring and an acetate group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylmercury acetate, an organomercurial compound composed of a mercury atom attached to a benzene ring and an acetate group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylmercury acetate, an organomercurial compound composed of a mercury atom attached to a benzene ring and an acetate group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine to form fumarate. 2,5-dihydroxypyridine is dioxygenated to give maleamate and formate; the maleamate from this reaction is then converted to maleate, which is then isomerized to fumurate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine to form fumarate. 2,5-dihydroxypyridine is dioxygenated to give maleamate and formate; the maleamate from this reaction is then converted to maleate, which is then isomerized to fumurate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine to form fumarate. 2,5-dihydroxypyridine is dioxygenated to give maleamate and formate; the maleamate from this reaction is then converted to maleate, which is then isomerized to fumurate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine to form fumarate. 2,5-dihydroxypyridine is dioxygenated to give maleamate and formate; the maleamate from this reaction is then converted to maleate, which is then isomerized to fumurate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine to form fumarate. 2,5-dihydroxypyridine is dioxygenated to give maleamate and formate; the maleamate from this reaction is then converted to maleate, which is then isomerized to fumurate.
The generation of L-methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) from methylthioadenosine.
The generation of L-methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) from methylthioadenosine.
The generation of L-methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) from methylthioadenosine.
The generation of L-methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) from methylthioadenosine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-adenosylhomocysteine, forming homocysteine and then methionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-adenosylhomocysteine, forming homocysteine and then methionine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-adenosylhomocysteine, forming homocysteine and then methionine.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-proline to form peptidyl-hydroxyproline.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, via the intermediate tagatose-6-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, via the intermediate tagatose-6-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, catalyzed by the enzyme glucoside 3-dehydrogenase (EC:1.1.99.13).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, catalyzed by the enzyme glucoside 3-dehydrogenase (EC:1.1.99.13).
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, via the intermediate UDP-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, via the intermediate UDP-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of lactate to other compounds, such as pyruvate, with concomitant loss of electrons.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L- threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound methylglyoxal, which is subsequently converted to D-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L- threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound methylglyoxal, which is subsequently converted to D-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L- threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound methylglyoxal, which is subsequently converted to D-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L- threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound methylglyoxal, which is subsequently converted to D-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L- threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound methylglyoxal, which is subsequently converted to D-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L- threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound methylglyoxal, which is subsequently converted to D-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L- threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound methylglyoxal, which is subsequently converted to D-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form to form 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate, which is subsequently converted to glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form to form 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate, which is subsequently converted to glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form to form 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate, which is subsequently converted to glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form to form 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate, which is subsequently converted to glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form to form 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate, which is subsequently converted to glycine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldonic acid, a monocarboxylic acid with a chain of three or more carbon atoms, derived from an aldose by oxidation of the aldehydic group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-gluconate, the anion of D-gluconic acid, the aldonic acid derived from glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ketogluconate, the anion of ketogluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose containing a ketonic carbonyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-idonate, the anion of idonic acid, an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of keto-D-gluconate, the anion of keto-D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of keto-D-gluconate, the anion of keto-D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of keto-D-gluconate, the anion of keto-D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving keto-D-gluconate, the anion of keto-D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabitol is converted into D-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to form D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabitol is converted into D-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to form D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabitol is converted into D-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to form D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabitol is converted into D-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to form D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.
Enables the transfer of oxalate from one side of a membrane to the other. Oxalate, or ethanedioic acid, occurs in many plants and is highly toxic to animals.
The directed movement of oxalate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oxalate, or ethanedioic acid, occurs in many plants and is highly toxic to animals.
The directed movement of oxalate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oxalate, or ethanedioic acid, occurs in many plants and is highly toxic to animals.
The directed movement of oxalate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oxalate, or ethanedioic acid, occurs in many plants and is highly toxic to animals.
The directed movement of cellobiose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Cellobiose, or 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose, is a disaccharide that represents the basic repeating unit of cellulose.
Enables the transfer of a toxin from one side of a membrane to the other. A toxin is a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism.
Enables the transfer of ferric-vibriobactin ions from one side of a membrane to the other.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving propionate, the anion derived from propionic (propanoic) acid, a carboxylic acid important in the energy metabolism of ruminants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving propionate, the anion derived from propionic (propanoic) acid, a carboxylic acid important in the energy metabolism of ruminants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving propionate, the anion derived from propionic (propanoic) acid, a carboxylic acid important in the energy metabolism of ruminants.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including glutamate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including glutamate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including succinate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including succinate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including ornithine and CO2, using the enzyme arginine deiminase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including ornithine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including ornithine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including spermine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including spermine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into succinate, that includes the conversion of 4-aminobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde by the pyruvate-dependent gamma aminobutyrate (GABA) transaminase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into succinate, that includes the conversion of 4-aminobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde by the pyruvate-dependent gamma aminobutyrate (GABA) transaminase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into succinate, that includes the conversion of 4-aminobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde by the pyruvate-dependent gamma aminobutyrate (GABA) transaminase.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including aspartate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including aspartate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate 2-hydroxyglutarate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate L-citramalate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate L-citramalate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including oxaloacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including oxaloacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including ornithine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including ornithine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including glutamate and formamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including glutamate and formamide.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including glutamate and formate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including glutamate and formate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including imidazol-5-yl-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including imidazol-5-yl-lactate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including hydantoin-5-propionate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including hydantoin-5-propionate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine under anaerobic conditions; occurs via the intermediates phenylpyruvate and phenylacetaldehyde.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving arabinose, arabino-pentose. L-Arabinose occurs both free, for example in the heartwood of many conifers, and in the combined state, as a constituent of plant hemicelluloses, bacterial polysaccharides etc. D-arabinose is a constituent of arabinonucleosides.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arabinose, arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arabinose, arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arabinose, arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arabinose, arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arabinose, arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arabinose, arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arabinose, arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose, the L-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose, the L-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose, the L-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabinose is converted into D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to ribulose-5-phosphate, which is isomerized to give D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabinose is converted into D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to ribulose-5-phosphate, which is isomerized to give D-xylulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds via the conversion of sucrose to 3'-ketosucrose. 3'-ketosucrose is hydrolyzed to 3-ketoglucose and fructose, and the 3-ketoglucose is then be converted to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds via the conversion of sucrose to 3'-ketosucrose. 3'-ketosucrose is hydrolyzed to 3-ketoglucose and fructose, and the 3-ketoglucose is then be converted to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds via the conversion of sucrose to 3'-ketosucrose. 3'-ketosucrose is hydrolyzed to 3-ketoglucose and fructose, and the 3-ketoglucose is then be converted to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds via the conversion of sucrose to 3'-ketosucrose. 3'-ketosucrose is hydrolyzed to 3-ketoglucose and fructose, and the 3-ketoglucose is then be converted to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds via the conversion of sucrose to 3'-ketosucrose. 3'-ketosucrose is hydrolyzed to 3-ketoglucose and fructose, and the 3-ketoglucose is then be converted to glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds by phosphorylation of sucrose to form sucrose-6-phosphate. The subsequent actions of a hydrolase and a fructokinase generate fructose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactarate, an anion of galactaric acid, the meso-aldaric acid derived from both D- and L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactarate, an anion of galactaric acid, the meso-aldaric acid derived from both D- and L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactarate, an anion of galactaric acid, the meso-aldaric acid derived from both D- and L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactarate, an anion of galactaric acid, the meso-aldaric acid derived from both D- and L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactarate, an anion of galactaric acid, the meso-aldaric acid derived from both D- and L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactarate, an anion of galactaric acid, the meso-aldaric acid derived from both D- and L-galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactonate, the anion of galactonic acid, an organic acid derived from the sugar galactose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactonate, the anion of galactonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactonate, the anion of galactonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactonate, the anion of galactonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from glucose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from glucose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol into propane-1,3-diol and water.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol into propane-1,3-diol and water.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-arabitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-arabitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-arabitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-arabitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-phosphorylated forms of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-phosphorylated forms of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-phosphorylated forms of glucose.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-mandelate into other compounds, including benzoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-mandelate into other compounds, including benzoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-mandelate into other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-mandelate into other compounds, including catechol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-4-hydroxymandelate, the anion of (R)-4-hydroxymandelic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-4-hydroxymandelate, the anion of (R)-4-hydroxymandelic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-4-hydroxymandelate, the anion of (R)-4-hydroxymandelic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the loss of electrons from one or more atoms in toluene.
The degradation of toluene to form pyruvate and acetaldehyde; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form 2-hydroxytoluene (o-cresol).
The degradation of toluene to form pyruvate and acetaldehyde; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form 3-hydroxytoluene (m-cresol).
The degradation of toluene to form p-hydroxybenzoate; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form 4-hydroxytoluene (4-cresol).
The formation from toluene of catechol, dihydroxybenzene, by successive oxidations followed by loss of carbon dioxide (CO2).
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol via the ortho-cleavage pathway, in which the catechol aromatic ring is broken between the two carbon atoms bearing hydroxyl groups.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol via the ortho-cleavage pathway, in which the catechol aromatic ring is broken between the two carbon atoms bearing hydroxyl groups.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol via the meta-cleavage pathway, in which the catechol aromatic ring is broken between a hydroxylated carbon atom and an adjacent unsubstituted carbon atom.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol via the meta-cleavage pathway, in which the catechol aromatic ring is broken between a hydroxylated carbon atom and an adjacent unsubstituted carbon atom.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield oxaloacetate and pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield oxaloacetate and pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield oxaloacetate and pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield oxaloacetate and pyruvate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield beta-ketoadipate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield beta-ketoadipate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield beta-ketoadipate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield beta-ketoadipate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of  3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of  3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of  3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of  3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzoate, the anion of benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid) that occur in the presence of oxygen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of creatinine into other compounds, including formate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of creatinine into other compounds, including formate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-(3-hydroxy)phenylpropionate, a hydroxylated derivative of phenylpropionate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-(3-hydroxy)phenylpropionate, a hydroxylated derivative of phenylpropionate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-(3-hydroxy)phenylpropionate, a hydroxylated derivative of phenylpropionate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into urea.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into urea.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into isopropylamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into isopropylamine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into cyanuric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into cyanuric acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving urea, the water soluble compound O=C-(NH2)2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate that occurs in the 2-methylcitrate cycle.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate that occurs in the 2-methylcitrate cycle.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinate, the anion of quinic acid. The acid occurs commonly in plants, either free or as esters, and is used as a medicine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinate, the anion of quinic acid. The acid occurs commonly in plants, either free or as esters, and is used as a medicine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinate, the anion of quinic acid. The acid occurs commonly in plants, either free or as esters, and is used as a medicine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinate, the anion of quinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinate, the anion of quinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinate, the anion of quinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinate, the anion of quinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinate, the anion of quinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving shikimate, (3R,4S,5R)--3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, the anion of shikimic acid. It is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of shikimate, (3R,4S,5R)--3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, the anion of shikimic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of shikimate, (3R,4S,5R)--3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, the anion of shikimic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of shikimate, (3R,4S,5R)--3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, the anion of shikimic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphonates, any organic compounds containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Metabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphonates, any organic compounds containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Metabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphonoacetate, C2H4PO5, a substance composed of an acetate and a phosphonic acid residue.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving organophosphates, any phosphate-containing organic compound.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronate into other compounds, including xylulose 5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronate into other compounds, including xylulose 5-phosphate.
A pathway leading to the fixation of two molecules of CO2 and the production of one molecule of acetyl-CoA; essentially the oxidative TCA cycle running in reverse. Acetyl-CoA is reductively carboxylated to pyruvate, from which all other central metabolites can be formed. Most of the enzymes of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle are shared, with the exception of three key enzymes that allow the cycle to run in reverse: ATP citrate lyase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and fumarate reductase. 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase catalyzes the carboxylation of succinyl-CoA to 2-oxoglutarate, ATP citrate lyase the ATP-dependent cleavage of citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, and fumarate reductase the reduction of fumarate forming succinate.
A pathway leading to the fixation of two molecules of CO2 and the production of one molecule of acetyl-CoA; essentially the oxidative TCA cycle running in reverse. Acetyl-CoA is reductively carboxylated to pyruvate, from which all other central metabolites can be formed. Most of the enzymes of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle are shared, with the exception of three key enzymes that allow the cycle to run in reverse: ATP citrate lyase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and fumarate reductase. 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase catalyzes the carboxylation of succinyl-CoA to 2-oxoglutarate, ATP citrate lyase the ATP-dependent cleavage of citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, and fumarate reductase the reduction of fumarate forming succinate.
A pathway leading to the fixation of two molecules of CO2 and the production of one molecule of acetyl-CoA; essentially the oxidative TCA cycle running in reverse. Acetyl-CoA is reductively carboxylated to pyruvate, from which all other central metabolites can be formed. Most of the enzymes of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle are shared, with the exception of three key enzymes that allow the cycle to run in reverse: ATP citrate lyase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and fumarate reductase. 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase catalyzes the carboxylation of succinyl-CoA to 2-oxoglutarate, ATP citrate lyase the ATP-dependent cleavage of citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, and fumarate reductase the reduction of fumarate forming succinate.
A pathway leading to the fixation of two molecules of CO2 and the production of one molecule of acetyl-CoA; essentially the oxidative TCA cycle running in reverse. Acetyl-CoA is reductively carboxylated to pyruvate, from which all other central metabolites can be formed. Most of the enzymes of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle are shared, with the exception of three key enzymes that allow the cycle to run in reverse: ATP citrate lyase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and fumarate reductase. 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase catalyzes the carboxylation of succinyl-CoA to 2-oxoglutarate, ATP citrate lyase the ATP-dependent cleavage of citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, and fumarate reductase the reduction of fumarate forming succinate.
A pathway leading to the fixation of two molecules of CO2 and the production of one molecule of acetyl-CoA; essentially the oxidative TCA cycle running in reverse. Acetyl-CoA is reductively carboxylated to pyruvate, from which all other central metabolites can be formed. Most of the enzymes of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle are shared, with the exception of three key enzymes that allow the cycle to run in reverse: ATP citrate lyase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and fumarate reductase. 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase catalyzes the carboxylation of succinyl-CoA to 2-oxoglutarate, ATP citrate lyase the ATP-dependent cleavage of citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, and fumarate reductase the reduction of fumarate forming succinate.
A pathway leading to the fixation of two molecules of CO2 and the production of one molecule of acetyl-CoA; essentially the oxidative TCA cycle running in reverse. Acetyl-CoA is reductively carboxylated to pyruvate, from which all other central metabolites can be formed. Most of the enzymes of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle are shared, with the exception of three key enzymes that allow the cycle to run in reverse: ATP citrate lyase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and fumarate reductase. 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase catalyzes the carboxylation of succinyl-CoA to 2-oxoglutarate, ATP citrate lyase the ATP-dependent cleavage of citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, and fumarate reductase the reduction of fumarate forming succinate.
A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors other than oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the ribulose monophosphate cycle. Methanotrophic bacteria produce formaldehyde from the oxidation of methane and methanol, and then assimilate it via the ribulose monophosphate cycle to form intermediates of the central metabolic routes that are subsequently used for biosynthesis of cell material. Three molecules of formaldehyde are assimilated, forming a three-carbon intermediate of central metabolism; in this pathway, all cellular carbon is assimilated at the oxidation level of formaldehyde.
The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the ribulose monophosphate cycle. Methanotrophic bacteria produce formaldehyde from the oxidation of methane and methanol, and then assimilate it via the ribulose monophosphate cycle to form intermediates of the central metabolic routes that are subsequently used for biosynthesis of cell material. Three molecules of formaldehyde are assimilated, forming a three-carbon intermediate of central metabolism; in this pathway, all cellular carbon is assimilated at the oxidation level of formaldehyde.
The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the xylulose monophosphate cycle. Methylotrophic yeasts, but not bacteria, utilize the xylulose monophosphate cycle to fix formaldehyde and convert it into metabolically useful organic compounds.
The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the xylulose monophosphate cycle. Methylotrophic yeasts, but not bacteria, utilize the xylulose monophosphate cycle to fix formaldehyde and convert it into metabolically useful organic compounds.
The pathways in which formaldehyde is processed and used as a carbon source for the cell.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into butanediol; effected by some members of the Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. Enterobacter, Erwinia, Klebsiella, and Serratia.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into butanediol; effected by some members of the Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. Enterobacter, Erwinia, Klebsiella, and Serratia.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into butanediol; effected by some members of the Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. Enterobacter, Erwinia, Klebsiella, and Serratia.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into butanediol; effected by some members of the Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. Enterobacter, Erwinia, Klebsiella, and Serratia.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrate to diacetyl, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrate to diacetyl, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of lactate to propionate, concomitant with the oxidation of lactate to acetate and CO2 and yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of lactate to propionate, concomitant with the oxidation of lactate to acetate and CO2 and yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of lactate to propionate, concomitant with the oxidation of lactate to acetate and CO2 and yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose; it is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2), producing two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose; it is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2), producing two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose; it is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2), producing two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose; it is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2), producing two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the enzymatic breakdown of D-glucose to D-lactate and ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the rate of one ATP per glucose molecule.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the enzymatic breakdown of D-glucose to D-lactate and ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the rate of one ATP per glucose molecule.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the enzymatic breakdown of D-glucose to D-lactate and ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the rate of one ATP per glucose molecule.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the enzymatic breakdown of D-glucose to D-lactate and ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the rate of one ATP per glucose molecule.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the enzymatic breakdown of D-glucose to D-lactate and ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the rate of one ATP per glucose molecule.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the enzymatic breakdown of D-glucose to D-lactate and ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the rate of one ATP per glucose molecule.
Glycolytic fermentation resulting in the catabolism of glucose to propionate, yielding energy in the form of ATP; an alternative to the acrylate pathway to produce propionate.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate and acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate and acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, and possibly ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, and possibly ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Fermentation that includes the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate via the glycolytic pathway.
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, via canonical glycolysis, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, via canonical glycolysis, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, via canonical glycolysis, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, via canonical glycolysis, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, via canonical glycolysis, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, via canonical glycolysis, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Fermentation that does not include the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate via the glycolytic pathway.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into ethanol, lactate, formate, succinate, and acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into ethanol, lactate, formate, succinate, and acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nitrogen-containing compound, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-alanine, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids; in these reactions, one amino acid is oxidised (acts as an electron donor) and a different amino acid is reduced (acts as an electron acceptor); oxidation of the electron-donating amino acid yields energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids; in these reactions, one amino acid is oxidised (acts as an electron donor) and a different amino acid is reduced (acts as an electron acceptor); oxidation of the electron-donating amino acid yields energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate via the intermediates mesaconate and S-citramalate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethanol and acetate to butyrate and caproate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.
The pathway by which ammonia is processed and incorporated into a cell. In an energy-rich (glucose-containing), nitrogen-poor environment, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase form an ammonia assimilatory cycle, in which ammonia is incorporated into L-glutamate to form L-glutamine, which then combines with alpha-ketoglutarate to regenerate L-glutamate. This ATP-dependent cycle is essential for nitrogen-limited growth and for steady-state growth with some sources of nitrogen.
The pathway by which ammonia is processed and incorporated into a cell. In an energy-rich (glucose-containing), nitrogen-poor environment, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase form an ammonia assimilatory cycle, in which ammonia is incorporated into L-glutamate to form L-glutamine, which then combines with alpha-ketoglutarate to regenerate L-glutamate. This ATP-dependent cycle is essential for nitrogen-limited growth and for steady-state growth with some sources of nitrogen.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving propionate that occur in the methylmalonyl pathway.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving propionate that occur in the methylcitrate cycle.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methylmalonyl-CoA, the L-enantiomer of 2-carboxypropanoyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methylmalonyl-CoA, the L-enantiomer of 2-carboxypropanoyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methylmalonyl-CoA, the L-enantiomer of 2-carboxypropanoyl-CoA.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methylmalonyl-CoA, the L-enantiomer of 2-carboxypropanoyl-CoA.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.
The light reactions of photosynthesis, which take place in photosystems II and I. Light energy is harvested and used to power the transfer of electrons among a series of electron donors and acceptors. The final electron acceptor is NADP+, which is reduced to NADPH. NADPH generated from light reactions is used in sugar synthesis in dark reactions. Light reactions also generate a proton motive force across the thylakoid membrane, and the proton gradient is used to synthesize ATP. There are two chemical reactions involved in the light reactions: water oxidation in photosystem II, and NADP reduction in photosystem I.
A complex cycle of enzyme-mediated reactions which catalyzes the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugar. As well as carbon dioxide the cycle requires reducing power in the form of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The reduced NADP (NADPH) and ATP are produced by the 'light' reactions.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a purine nucleoside is synthesized from another purine nucleoside.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyruvate from other compounds, including acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyruvate from other compounds, including acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyruvate from other compounds, including acetate.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a purine deoxyribonucleoside is synthesized from another purine deoxyribonucleoside.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a pyrimidine nucleoside is synthesized from another pyrimidine nucleoside.
The chemical reactions and pathways by which a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside is synthesized from another deoxyribopyrimidine nucleoside.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
The degradation of toluene to form pyruvate and acetaldehyde; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form toluene-cis-1,2-dihydrodiol.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-xylitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-xylitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-xylitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-xylitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-galacturonate, the D-enantiomer of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-galacturonate, the D-enantiomer of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-galacturonate, the D-enantiomer of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphonates, any organic compound containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Catabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphonates, any organic compound containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Catabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphonates, any organic compound containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Catabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphonates, any organic compound containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Catabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.
The methylation of peptidyl-arginine on the internal nitrogen-5 (N5) atom (also called delta-nitrogen) to form peptidyl-N5-methyl-L-arginine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the delta-nitrogen atom of peptidyl-arginine residues. The reaction is S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [protein]-L-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [protein]-N5-methyl-L-arginine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the delta-nitrogen atom of peptidyl-arginine residues. The reaction is S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [protein]-L-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [protein]-N5-methyl-L-arginine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the delta-nitrogen atom of peptidyl-arginine residues. The reaction is S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [protein]-L-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [protein]-N5-methyl-L-arginine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the delta-nitrogen atom of peptidyl-arginine residues. The reaction is S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [protein]-L-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [protein]-N5-methyl-L-arginine.
The covalent linkage of coenzyme A and peptidyl-cysteine to form L-cysteine coenzyme A disulfide.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-myristoyl-L-cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-myristoyl-L-cysteine.
The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-myristoyl-L-cysteine.
Catalysis of the transfer of a myristoyl group to a sulfur atom on a cysteine residue of a protein molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoyl group to a sulfur atom on the cysteine of a protein molecule.
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to a sulfur atom on the cysteine of a protein molecule.
The synthesis of peptidyl-glycine cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol ester at the carboxy-terminus of autolytically cleaved proteins.
The synthesis of peptidyl-glycine cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol ester at the carboxy-terminus of autolytically cleaved proteins.
The synthesis of peptidyl-glycine cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol ester at the carboxy-terminus of autolytically cleaved proteins.
The incorporation of iron into a nickel-iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide, found in carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.
The methylation of peptidyl-asparagine to form peptidyl-N4-methyl-L-asparagine or peptidyl-N4,N4-dimethyl-L-asparagine.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-beta-carboxyaspartic acid from other compounds, including peptidyl-aspartic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-beta-carboxyaspartic acid from other compounds, including peptidyl-aspartic acid.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-beta-carboxyaspartic acid from other compounds, including peptidyl-aspartic acid.
The methyl esterification of peptidyl-glutamic acid.
The methyl esterification of peptidyl-glutamic acid.
The methyl esterification of peptidyl-glutamic acid.
The coupled methyl esterification and deamidation of peptidyl-glutamine.
The coupled methyl esterification and deamidation of peptidyl-glutamine.
The coupled methyl esterification and deamidation of peptidyl-glutamine.
The addition of an ester group to a glutamine residue in a protein.
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-erythro-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid; catalyzed by peptide-aspartate beta-dioxygenase (EC:1.14.11.16).
The monomethylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins to form the derivative peptidyl-N-methyl-L-alanine.
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.
Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells.
Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells.
Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells.
Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells.
Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells.
Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells.
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the cell.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + NADP(+) = H(+) + mevaldate + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + NADP(+) = H(+) + mevaldate + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + NAD(+) = H(+) + mevaldate + NADH.
The oxidation of allysine to 2-aminoadipic acid.
The formation of the fluorescent protein FP583 chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a glutamine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons.
The formation of the fluorescent protein FP583 chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a glutamine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons.
An immune response against bacteria mediated through a body fluid. Examples of this process are the antibacterial humoral responses in Mus musculus and Drosophila melanogaster.
An immune response against bacteria mediated through a body fluid. Examples of this process are the antibacterial humoral responses in Mus musculus and Drosophila melanogaster.
An immune response against a fungus mediated through a body fluid. An example of this process is the antifungal humoral response in Drosophila melanogaster.
An immune response against a fungus mediated through a body fluid. An example of this process is the antifungal humoral response in Drosophila melanogaster.
The incorporation of sarcosine (N-methylglycine) into non-coded peptides.
A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary nitrogen source, usually ammonia, and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary nitrogen source and to transport and metabolize alternative nitrogen sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects nitrogen levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize nitrogen-containing substances, and ends when nitrogen is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoids.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in many of the chemical changes of compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. In multicellular organisms secondary metabolism is generally carried out in specific cell types, and may be useful for the organism as a whole. In unicellular organisms, secondary metabolism is often used for the production of antibiotics or for the utilization and acquisition of unusual nutrients.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in many of the chemical changes of compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. In multicellular organisms secondary metabolism is generally carried out in specific cell types, and may be useful for the organism as a whole. In unicellular organisms, secondary metabolism is often used for the production of antibiotics or for the utilization and acquisition of unusual nutrients.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in many of the chemical changes of compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. In multicellular organisms secondary metabolism is generally carried out in specific cell types, and may be useful for the organism as a whole. In unicellular organisms, secondary metabolism is often used for the production of antibiotics or for the utilization and acquisition of unusual nutrients.
The directed movement of substances along cytoskeletal elements, such as microfilaments or microtubules, from a nurse cell to an oocyte.
Any process in which a chloroplast is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. A chloroplast is a chlorophyll-containing plastid found in cells of algae and higher plants.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).
The directed movement of one-carbon compounds into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanogenic glycosides, any glycoside containing a cyano group that is released as hydrocyanic acid on acid hydrolysis; such compounds occur in the kernels of various fruits.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanogenic glycosides, any glycoside containing a cyano group that is released as hydrocyanic acid on acid hydrolysis; such compounds occur in the kernels of various fruits.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanogenic glycosides, any glycoside containing a cyano group that is released as hydrocyanic acid on acid hydrolysis; such compounds occur in the kernels of various fruits.