( Figs 8–10)
Rhamphomyia hovgaardii Holmgren, 1880: 21. Type-locality: not given [Novaya Zemlya Islands, Arkhangelskaya Province, Russia] ( Shamshev & Sinclair, 2018: 310).
Other references: Melander, 1928: 195 (catalogue); Gorodkov & Kovalev, 1969: 629 (key).
R. ( Rhamphomyia) hovgaardii: Shamshev, 2016: 76 (checklist).
R. ( Dasyrhamphomyia) hovgaardi: Frey, 1922: 66 (key); Frey, 1955b: 516 (revision); Shamshev & Sinclair, 2018: 310 (revision, lectotype designated).
R. ( Rhamphomyia) hovgaardi: Chvála & Wagner, 1989: 285 (catalogue); Shamshev, 2001: 334 (key); Yang et al., 2007: 183 (catalogue).
Rhamphomyia zaitzevi Becker, 1915: 54. syn. nov. Type-locality: “aus der Tundra des Fl. Kara” [ Russia, Yamalo-Nenets: upper reaches of the Kara River (about 68°39′N 65°52′E) (after lectotype designation)].
Rhamphomyia ( Rhamphomyia) zaitzevi Becker: Shamshev, 2001: 334 (key).
Rhamphomyia zaitsevi. Incorrect subsequent spelling of zaitzevi Becker, 1915 ( Chvála & Wagner, 1989: 292; Yang et al., 2007: 191; Shamshev, 2016: 84).
Note on synonymy. Rhamphomyia zaitzevi: Becker (1915: 54) described this species after two males and six females with the following label details: “aus der Tundra des Fl. Kara, 13, 21. u. 22.vii”. The material was collected by Russian entomologist V.F. Zaitzev during the Russian Kara Expedition of 1909 to the polar area north of the Ural Mountains ( Sorokina & Pont 2015). In the Empididae Collection of ZIN ( St. Petersburg), there are six syntypes: one male (13.vii) and five females (4–21.vii, 1–22.vii). The deposition of two additional syntypes ( 1 male and 1 female) is unknown (possibly in Berlin). Among available syntypes a male was separated and designed as the lectotype and six specimens labelled as paralectotypes.
It should be noted that the original data of collecting (13.vii) was according to the old Julian calendar ( Becker et al. 1915: 4, footnote), which was retained in Russia until 1918, and that it was therefore 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar; i.e., 26.vii. According to Sorokina & Pont (2015), the date 13.VII. associates with upper reaches of the Kara River (about 68°39’N 65°52’E).
Type material examined. Rhamphomyia hovgaardii: LECTOTYPE ♂ in NHRS; see Shamshev & Sinclair (2018: 310, figs 4, 5 [photos of lectotype labels and habitus]).
Rhamphomyia zaitzevi: LECTOTYPE (here designated in order to fix identity of the species) ♂ ( Fig. 8A), labelled ( Fig. 8B): “golden ring”; [printed in Cyrillic, Russian] “Karskaya tundra/ s. [abbreviation, =north] Tobols. [abbreviation, = Tobolskaya, a name of old administrative unit of Russian Empire] gub. [abbreviation, = guberniya, a highest administrative unit of Russia Empire, =province]/ FZaitzev 13 vii [19]09”; “ Rhamphomyia / Zaitzewi [sic!] B [hand-written by Becker]/ det. Becker ”; “ Syntypus [red label]”; “ LECTOTYPUS / Rhamphomyia zaitzevi / Becker, 1915/ design. Shamshev, 2017 [red label]” ( ZIN, INS _DIP_0000524). PARALECTOTYPES: Same data as lectotype, 4–21.vii, 1–22.vii. ( 5 ♀, ZIN).
Additional material examined. CANADA. Northwest Territories: 60 mi N Aklavik, Moose R., 14.vii.1930, O. Bryant ( 1 ♂, 4 ♀, CNC); Atkinson Pt., Tuktoyaktuk Penin. 19.vii.1971, D. R. Oliver ( 1 ♂, CNC); Fraser Lake, 68°45′N, 120°36′W, 19.vii.1969, G.E. Shewell ( 1 ♂, CNC); Kidluit Bay, Richards Is. W, 29.vii.1948, J. R. Vock- eroth ( 1 ♂, 2 ♀, CNC); Tuktoyaktuk, 7–15.vii.1971, D.M. Wood ( 9 ♂, 8 ♀, CNC); Tuktoyaktuk, 69°26′40.02″N 133°1′55.74″W, sweeping meadow, 14.vii.2010, Goulet & Boudreault ( 6 ♂, 3 ♀, CNC); Tuktoyaktuk, 69°26′16.20″N 133°1′2.16″W, pan trap, meadow, 15–18.vii.2010, Goulet & Boudreault ( 1 ♀, CNC); Victoria Is., 71°17′N, 114°W, 23–28.vii.1975, G. & M. Wood ( 2 ♂, 2 ♀, CNC). Nunavut: Cambridge Bay, 28.vii.1950, E.H.N. Smith ( 1 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC); Cambridge Bay, 12.viii.1959, W. R. M. Mason ( 3 ♀, CNC); Cambridge Bay [ Victoria Is.], 69.123 66, -105.42531, 15–19.vii.2011, wet, pan traps, Repl.3, NBP field party, CCDB-21421-B09 ( 1 ♂, barcoded, LEM); Chesterfield, 14–30.vii.1950, J. R. Vockeroth ( 9 ♂, 10 ♀, CNC); Chesterfield, 27–31.vii.1950, J.G. Chillcott ( 2 ♂, 18 ♀, CNC); Coral Harbour, Southampton Is., 17.vii.1948, G.E. Shewell ( 2 ♂, CNC); Eskimo Point, 31.vii.1950, G.G. DiLabio ( 5 ♂, 14 ♀, CNC); Eskimo Point, 21–24.vii.1950, G. R. Roberts ( 3 ♀, CNC); Repulse Bay, 23.vii.1950, P.F. Bruggemann ( 18 ♂, 17 ♀, CNC); Spence Bay, 13–28.vii.1951, J.G. Chillcott ( 5 ♂, 13 ♀, CNC). Yukon: Herschel Is., 11–26.vii.1953, J.S. Waterhouse, ( 29 ♂, 13 ♀, CNC); Herschel Is., 10–28.vii.1953, C.D. Bird ( 7 ♂, 12 ♀, CNC); Herschel Is., 24–28.vii.1971, D.M. Wood ( 1 ♂, 2 ♀, CNC); Herschel Is., 20.vii.1930, O. Bryant ( 21 ♂, 26 ♀, CNC); Herschel Is., 15–31.vii.2007, 69.5706°N 138.9015°W, ATOR, D. Reid, M. Leung, S. Gilbert ( 2 ♀, CNC). RUSSIA. Krasnoyarskiy Territory: West Taimyr, Walter Bay, 22.vii. (4.viii). 1901 ( 1 ♂, MZH). USA. Alaska: Cape Thompson, 25.vii.1961, R. Madge ( 2 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC); St. George Is. [not shown on Fig. 10], 26.vii.1897, T. Kincaid ( 1 ♂, USNM); Unalakleet, 19–28.vi.1961, B.S. Heming ( 2 ♂, CNC).
Diagnosis. This is a dark brown species of Dasyrhamphomyia, scutum without vittae, male cerci brownish yellow, folded over each other at apex only, ending on tergite 5, and hind tibia with dorsal setae longer than tibial width. Female mid and hind legs with pennate setae.
Redescription. Wing length 6.3–7.0 mm. Male. Head dark brown in ground colour, with brown to black setation. Holoptic, touching or almost touching for short portion; upper ommatidia enlarged. Frons represented by very small triangular space below ocellar tubercle and larger subtriangular space above antennae, densely brownish grey dusted, without marginal setulae. Face broad, bare, densely brownish grey pollinose; margins of clypeus and gena subshiny to shiny. Ocellar tubercle with 2 moderately long and several shorter hair-like setae. Occiput densely brownish grey pollinose; with numerous long to moderately long hair-like setae. Antenna black; scape and postpedicel short, both with very short setae; postpedicel conical, 2.5–3.0X longer than wide; stylus rather long, nearly 2/3 of postpedicel length. Labrum brownish; nearly as long as head height. Palpus black, with numerous black, moderately long hair-like setae.
Thorax dark brown in ground-colour, with black, mostly hair-like setation. Scutum in anterior view dark, densely brownish pollinose, in dorsal view dull dark brown. First cervical sclerite bare. Prosternum bare. Proepisternum with numerous long, hair-like setae on lower portion and several similar setae in front of anterior spiracle. Antepronotum convex, with numerous short bristles. Postpronotal lobe with numerous long to moderately long hair-like setae. Mesonotal setae almost uniformly thin, hair-like; supra-alar space with numerous long to moderately long setae, notopleuron with similar setation but several setae somewhat stronger, postalar tubercle with tuft of several moderately long to long setae, scutellum with numerous setae of different lengths but 4–5 long setae on each side usually stronger; dc arranged in 3–4 irregular rows (sometimes more anteriorly), numerous, long, becoming longer anterior to scutellum; acr nearly as long to somewhat shorter than dc, arranged in 2–3 irregular rows. Laterotergite with numerous setae of different lengths. Spiracles brown.
Legs robust, entirely dark brown, uniformly faintly greyish pollinose, with black mostly hair-like setation. Coxae and trochanters with numerous hair-like setae of different lengths. Femora of subequal width, hind tibia somewhat thicker than fore and mid tibiae, tarsomeres of all legs slender. Fore femur faintly pubescent ventrally, clothed in moderately long hair-like setae, with long anteroventral and posteroventral setae arranged irregularly. Fore tibia with short setae dorsally. Fore tarsomeres with very short subapicals, only pubescent ventrally, otherwise covered with ordinary setulae. Mid femur with similar pattern of setation to fore femur, including faint ventral pubescence, but anteroventral and posteroventral setae shorter (especially anteroventrals) and somewhat stronger. Mid tibia shorter than fore and hind tibiae, with dorsal setation similar to fore tibia, bearing spinule-like setae on subapical part ventrally. Mid tarsus with similar setation to fore tarsus. Hind femur unmodified, more distinctly whitish pubescent ventrally than fore and mid femora, clothed in numerous moderately long setae, longer posteriorly. Hind tibia with numerous moderately long setae dorsally, anteroventral setulae stronger, rather spinule-like ( Fig. 9A); 1 long seta in posteroapical comb. Hind tarsomere 1 with several short anteroventral and posteroventral setae; otherwise hind tarsomeres covered with ordinary setulae (except circlet of short, stout subapical setae).
Wing uniformly brownish infuscate. Veins brownish; anal vein complete; veins M 1 on apical portion, M 2 and veins closing cell dm thinner. Basal costal seta absent; pterostigma brownish. Veins R 4+5 and M 1 broadly sinuate, parallel near wing-margin; cell dm short. Alular incision acute, anal lobe well developed. Calypter yellowish brown, darkly fringed. Halter brownish.
Abdomen dark brown, entirely faintly greyish pollinose; covered with numerous uniform brown, long hair-like setae. Tergite 8 prolonged dorsally, large, plate-like; with dense setae along posterior margin. Sternite 8 prolonged anterolaterally, appressed to tergite 8; marginal setae shorter than length of corresponding sclerite.
Terminalia ( Figs 9C, D) moderately large; epandrium brown, with scattered short black hair-like setae; swollen, oval, enlarged posteriorly into stout, rounded, finger-like projection covered with peg-like, dark, stout setae. Hypandrium well sclerotized, broad with cylindrical portion hugging base of phallus. Cercus brownish yellow with darkened apex, prolonged anteriorly nearly to middle of tergite 5; apex of cerci overlapping; cercal lobes with inner margins bearing many fine, short, erect dark setae; base of cercus with pair of finger-like projections bearing many short, dark, fine setae, anterior pair forked. Phallus broadly exposed, yellow, thickened on basal 2/3, hook-like on subapical part. Ejaculatory apodeme rectangular, vertical wing open at 90° angle.
Female. Similar to male, except frons very broad, almost parallel-sided, with minute setae; occiput and mesonotum with somewhat shorter setation; legs with shorter hair-like setae; fore and mid tarsomere 1 with ordinary setulae ventrally; mid femur with numerous, long, posteroventral pennate setae (except extreme base) and bearing some shorter subpennate anterodorsal setae; hind femur with rather short anterodorsal and moderately long posteroventral pennate setae throughout; hind tibia with numerous subpennate to long pennate anterodorsal and shorter anteroventral setae ( Fig. 9A) (except narrow subapical and basal parts; anteroventrals more variable and, sometimes, quite simple); wing slightly broader and darker; abdomen with somewhat shorter setation. Cercus concolourous with abdomen, slender, with minute setulae.
Distribution. In North America, this western-central southern arctic species ( Danks 1981, figs 62, 63) ranges in the low arctic from the western edge of Hudson Bay to Alaska ( Fig. 10). In the Palaearctic Region, this species extends across arctic and sub-arctic Russia ( Shamshev 2016).