<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Aulacidea Ashmead 1897</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> </head> <body> <h1> Key to species of Palaearctic<i> Aulacidea</i> (modified after Melika 2006; host plant synonyms updated with accepted species names)</h1> <p> 1. Forewing margin without cilia............................................................................2</p> <p> – Forewing margin with moderately long cilia….............................................................. 3</p> <p> 2. Head and entire mesosoma always black, galls on<i> Arnica montana</i> ( Denmark)................................<i> arnicae</i> </p> <p> – Head and mesosoma laterally always reddish to light brown, only scutum black; galls in stems on<i> Centaurea</i> and<i> Echinops</i> ( Tajikistan, Turkmenistan).........................................................................<i> discolor</i> </p> <p> 3. Head higher than broad in front view.......................................................................4</p> <p> – Head always slightly broader or at least as broad as high in front view........................................... 5</p> <p> 4. Scutellar foveae very narrow, coriaceous to smooth, indistinctly delimited posteriorly; head and mesosoma always black, galls in stems on<i> Arctium, Cousinia, Echinops, Rhaponticum, Eryngium</i> ( Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Georgia).............<i> parvula</i> </p> <p> – Scutellar foveae broader, smooth and shining, deep, well-delimited around, galls in fruits on<i> Koelpinia linearis</i> ( Asteraceae) ( Turkmenistan)................................................................................<i> koelpiniae</i> </p> <p> 5. Female antenna 12-segmented............................................................................6</p> <p> – Female antenna 13-14 segmented.........................................................................9</p> <p> 6. Body light reddish brown, except black scutum, scutellum and partially propodeum; galls in stems on<i> Phlomoides tuberosa</i>..............................................................................................<i> phlomica</i> </p> <p> – Body predominantly black, head and mesosoma always black...................................................7</p> <p> 7. F1 shorter than F2; galls in stems on<i> Silybum marianum</i> ( Asteraceae) (southern France)....................... ...<i> freesei</i> </p> <p> – F1 equal or longer than F2............................................................................... 8</p> <p> 8. POL only slightly longer than OOL; F2 nearly equal F1; dorsellum medially nearly as high as height of ventral impressed area; metasomal tergite 2 without a posterior band of punctures; male antenna 14-segmented; galls in stems on<i> Klasea erucifolia</i>...............................................................................................<i> ascanica</i> </p> <p> – POL 2.0 times as long as OOL; F2 nearly 2.0 times as long as F1; dorsellum medially 3.0-4.0 times as high as height of ventral impressed area; metasomal tergite 2 with a posterior band of punctures, occupying its half-length; male antenna 13-segmented; galls in stems on<i> Rhaponticum repens</i>...........................................................<i> acroptilonica</i> </p> <p> 9. Notauli incomplete in anterior 1/3, F1 much shorter than F2................................................... 10</p> <p> – Notauli complete, at least slightly impressed anteriorly; F1 equal or longer than F2................................ 11</p> <p> 10. Scutellar foveae relatively more longer and broad, inner margins nearly reaching one another anteriorly; median mesoscutal line extending to 1/3-1/2 of scutum length; galls in<i> Podospermum</i> ( France, Spain)............................ …<i> laurae</i> </p> <p> – Scutellar foveae shorter and narrower; median mesoscutal line absent; galls in<i> Sonchus asper</i> ( France, Great Britain, Spain).............................................................................................. ...<i> follioti</i> </p> <p> 11. Metasomal tergite 2 without a patch of dense white setae antero-laterally; tergite 3 with very weak, indistinct sparse punctures; galls in flower heads on<i> Phlomoides tuberosa</i>....................................................<i> diakontschukae</i> </p> <p> – Metasomal tergite 2 with a distinct patch of dense setae antero-laterally, tergite 3 with or without punctures; galls different and on other plants.......................................................................................12</p> <p> 12. Metasomal tergite 3 entirely without punctures; F1 of female 2.1 times as long as pedicel................. ..<b> <i> turcica</i> sp. n.</b> </p> <p> – Metasomal tergite 3 with punctures; F1 of female never longer than 2.0 times length of pedicel...…................... 13</p> <p> 13. Metasomal tergite 3 entirely punctate.................................................................... 14</p> <p> – Metasomal tergite 3 with posterior band of punctures which usually extending to at most half-length of tergite only...... 16</p> <p> 14. Scutellar foveae transversely ovate, always broader than high, smooth, shining; punctures on metasomal tergite 3 uniformly dense and distinct; hypopygium large; galls in<i> Klasea, Scorzonera</i> and<i> Serratula</i>.................................. 15</p> <p> – Scutellar foveae elongated, longer than broad, with wrinkles; punctures on metasomal tergite 3 more sparse and weak in the anterior half; hypopygium small; galls in stems of<i> Tragopogon</i>........................................<i> tragopogonis</i> </p> <p> 15. POL 3.0 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; female antenna 14-segmented; notauli incomplete, anteriorly absent; scutellar foveae transversely ovate, much narrower; metasomal tergite 2 occupying nearly the half length of metasoma dorsally; galls in stems on<i> Scorzonera</i>...................................................................<i> scorzonerae</i> </p> <p> – POL at least 4.0 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus, female antenna 13-segmented; notauli complete; scutellar foveae elongated, nearly as long as broad; metasomal tergite 2 occupying at most 1/3 of metasoma length dorsally; galls in flower heads on<i> Klasea</i> and<i> Serratula</i>....................................................................<i> serratulae</i> </p> <p> 16. F1 of female equal or very slightly longer than F2; pronotum laterally alutaceous to very delicately coriaceous; median mesoscutal line long, in some specimens reaching to pronotum (in a form of a line which is not impressed); punctures on metasomal tergite 3 dorsally nearly reaching anterior margin of tergite; laterally band of punctures narrowing towards ventral margin of tergite..............................................................................................17</p> <p> – F1 always slightly shorter than F2; pronotum laterally coriaceous; median mesoscutal line shorter, impressed, never longer than half length of scutum; punctures on metasomal tergite 3 form a band equal in width dorsally and laterally.............. 18</p> <p> 17. Head transversely subrectangulate; anterior margins of scutellar foveae together forming a straight line; galls on leaves of<i> Pilosella</i>....................................................................................<i> subterminalis</i> </p> <p> – Head narrowly trapezoid in front view; scutellar foveae nearly rounded; galls on leaves of<i> Pilosella</i>.............<i> pilosellae</i> </p> <p> 18. Antennal toruli very closely located, diameter of torulus at least 6.0 times as large as distance between toruli; scutum distinctly longer than broad; Rs+M of forewing extending to 2/3 length of distance between areolet and basalis; lateral propodeal carinae broad, curved outwards in the middle; galls in stems on<i> Rubus</i>...............................................<i> rubi</i> </p> <p> – Antennal toruli are away from one another, diameter of torulus never more than 3.0 times as large as distance between toruli; scutum only slightly broader or equal to width; Rs+M always reaching basalis; lateral propodeal carinae narrow, straight; galls in<i> Hieracium,</i> flower heads on<i> Podospermum</i> and<i> Scorzonera</i>................................................. 19</p> <p> 19. POL at most 2.8 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; lower face with distinct striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eyes and antennal sockets; median mesoscutal line in a form of short triangle; flower heads on<i> Podospermum</i> and<i> Scorzonera</i>..........................................................................................<i> abdominalis</i> </p> <p> – POL 5.5 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus; malar space high, 0.8 times as long as height of eye; lower face delicately coriaceous, without distinct striae, radiating of clypeus; median mesoscutal line reach at least to half-length of scutum.... 20</p> <p> 20. Metasomal tergites with punctures, head and mesosoma black; galls in<i> Hieracium</i>.............................<i> hieracii</i> </p> <p> – Metasomal tergites without punctures, head and mesosoma brown to pale brown; galls in<i> Saussurea grandifolia</i> ( Asteraceae) (Far East of Russia)................................................................................<i> tobiasi</i> </p> </body> </html>