Figs 3–5
Phtisica marina Slabber, 1769: 79, figs 1–3; type locality: Zeeland.
Proto elongatus Dana, 1853: 810, pl. 54, fig. 1.
Phtisica verae Quitete, 1979: 6–7; figs 1, 2.
Phtisica marina – Sars 1895: 646–648, figs 233. — McCain 1968: 91, figs 46–47 (see extensive synonymy). — Krapp-Schickel 1993: 806, figs 549–550. — Conradi et al. 1997: 98–110. — Serejo 1998 a: 381. — Wakabara & Serejo 1998: 582. — Winfield et al. 2006: 102. — LeCroy et al. 2009: 965. — Lacerda & Masunari 2011: 372, figs 3c; 10. — Martin et al. 2013: 1703. — Mauro & Serejo 2015: 124 (key).
Proto ventricosa — Oliveira 1940: 140.
Phtisica verae — Wakabara & Serejo 1998: 582. — Lacerda & Massunari 2011: 366.
Body smooth, head about same as long as pereonite 2 length. Antenna 1 variable in length, from 0.5 times body length to equal. Pereonites 2–4 with pairs of gills, first pair smaller. Pereopods 3–4 propodus with 4–5 robust setae. Morphotype I gnathopod 2 merus and carpus not expanded, palm slightly membranous, lobes absent; pereopod 3 dactylus with single setae row. Morphotype II gnathopod 2 merus and carpus slightly expanded, propodus with 3–4 membranous lobes. Male abdomen with pair of 2-articulate appendages and one pair of pyriform appendages.
BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • 1 ♂ (used for description of morphotype II); Angra dos Reis; 24 m; 12.2 mm; CDZRJ 1014 • 1 ♂ (used for description of morphotype I); Campos Basin; 22º19′27.06″S, 40º37′25.12″W, 75m; 11.7mm; MNRJ29413 • 15 ♂♂; Campos Basin; 22º19′27.06″ S, 40º37′25.12″W; 75 m; MNRJ 23483 • 18 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀; Campos Basin; 23º36′14.903″S, 41º21′29.953″W; 99 m; MNRJ 23488 • 5 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; Campos Basin; 22º12′33.09″ S, 40º13′24.96″W; 30 m; MNRJ 23485. – São Paulo • 1 ♀ ( P. verae allotype); Ubatuba, Enseada do Flamengo; 20 m; 9.8 mm; CDZRJ 1012 – Santa Catarina • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Ilha do Arvoredo; 3 m; MNRJ 19421
HEAD. Labrum outer and inner lobes well demarcated, inner lobe rounded and solid, with row of minute setae. Maxilla 1 outer lobe with five setae and two minute, robust setae; palp 2-articulate with three distal-lateral setae and row of six apical setae. Maxilla 2 external lobe with six apical setae; inner lobe with five apical setae. Left mandible incisor 5-toothed, lacinia mobilis 5-toothed and two accessory plates, row of 12 lateral setae, palp 3-articulate, first article with two distal setae, setal formula of last article 1–2–1–1; right mandible with incisor 5-toothed, lacinia mobilis 5-toothed with two accessory plates. Maxilliped inner plate with one subdistal robust seta and two robust setae on center-distal portion, outer lobe longer than inner lobe, with row of five lateral setae, palp article two enlarged with row of about 14 setae, article 3 with distal crown of setae.
THORAX. Gnathopod 1, ischium subquadrate, merus with lateral and ventral setae, carpus about two times as long as merus, propodus upper border rectilinear, ventral border with acute projection enclosing four robust proximal setae, palm with line of robust setae, dactylus smooth. Male morphotype I: gnathopod 2 merus about as long as carpus, propodus with small proximal indent with two robust setae, palm armed with scarce, small setae, slightly membranous, lobes absent. Pereopod 3, propodus not recurved at center, with 4–5 robust setae. Pereopod 4 propodus subequal in shape to pereopod 3, with 4–5 setae. Male morphotype II: gnathopod 2 merus two times as long as carpus, propodus ‘bulked’; proximal indent with three robust setae; palm with 3–4 large visible membranous lobes, dactylus smooth and strongly recurved. Pereopod 3 propodus slightly recurved at center ( Fig. 4) with 4–5 robust setae in two rows, occasionally with single, robust seta located at center. Pereopod 4 propodus less strong than pereopod three with 4–5 setae. Pereopods 5–7 missing in examined adults.
ABDOMEN. Proximal part slightly projected with one pair of 1–articulate pyriform appendages, two pairs of 2–articulate appendages and one pair of lobes. Abdomen tip smooth.
FEMALE. 9.8 mm. Body smooth. Gill plates present on pereonites 2–4. Oostegites reaching end of pereopods 3–4 basis. Gnathopod 1 merus and carpus slightly setose, propodus ventral-lateral margin with fringe of slender setae. Proximal projection with two robust and one slender seta, propodus palm with row of small robust setae and small projections, dactylus serrate. Gnathopod 2 carpus minute, much smaller than merus, propodus nearly elliptical, more than two times as long as wide, with acute ventral projection and three robust setae, palm of gnathopod two membranous lobes absent, dactylus smooth. Pereopod 3 propodus with three robust setae at center, row of minute distal setae, sometimes not visible. Pereopod 4 similar to 3. Pereopods 5–7 not present in any of adult individuals examined.
Distribution ( Figs 6–7)
Type locality: North Atlantic, Zeeland ( Krapp-Schickel 1993). Atlantic Ocean: Norway, Canary Islands, Azores, West Africa, South Africa ( McCain 1968). Gulf of Mexico ( Winfield et al. 2006, LeCroy et al. 2009); Florida, West Coast to Panama, Caribbean Sea, Cuba ( Ortíz & Lalana 2010, Martin et al. 2013), Venezuela ( Díaz et al. 2005), Colombia ( McCain 1968), Southern Iberian Peninsula ( Conradi et al. 1997); North Africa ( McCain 1968). Brazil: Bahia – Abrolhos Bank ( Young & Serejo 2005); Rio de Janeiro – Angra dos Reis ( Quitete 1979 as P verae), Arraial do Cabo ( Serejo 1998), Campos Basin ( Mauro & Serejo, 2015, present study); São Paulo – Enseada do Flamengo, Ubatuba ( Quitete 1979 as P.verae); Santa Catarina – Ilha do Arvoredo (present study), Barra do Sul, Florianópolis ( Lacerda & Masunari 2011). Mediterranean Sea: France, Monaco, Sardinia, Italy (Thyrrhenian Sea), Sicily, Malta, Italy-Ionian Sea, Yugoslavia, Israel ( Krapp-Schickel 1993). Depth range: 3 to 1470 m (see Winfield et al. 2006 for slope records).
Phtisica marina has been collected in plankton and benthos samples ( McCain 1968) on soft bottom ( Winfield et al. 2006), but all material herein examined is from benthos samples. Phtisica marina is associated with a diverse type of substrates, e.g., sponge Dysidea (Wakabara & Serejo 1998), algae Amphiroa beauvoissi ( Lacerda & Masunari 2011), Posidonia (with hydroids and Bryozoa), Aterias (Asteroidea) ( Krapp-Schickel 1993).