INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE GENEVA — Studies and Reports Series A No. 15 2b January 1921. The International Congress of General Factory Workers. HlSTOBY OF THE FEDERATION.. From the 25th to the 27th October 1920 delegates of general workers of various countries met at Amsterdam for the purpose of reconstituting their International Federation. The " general factory workers " are, in general, unskilled workers. Their unions are connected with the following principal industries :— Chemical industry. The manufacture of potash, colours, aniline, tar and other by-products of gas works. The powder and explosives industry : the manufacture of matches. The manufacture of chemical manures, charcoal and vegetable tar. Tallow-melting, soapboiling and the manufacture of candles. Oil-refining, the manufacture of lubricating and illuminating oil, varnish, glue and felt. The manufacture of rubber, celluloid, and artificial silk goods. The manufacture of cellulose and lignose. Eag-picking, paper-making and the manufacture of «papier mâché». The artificial flower industry. The manufacture of linoleum, artificial leather and oilcloth. The quarrying of gravel, sand, lime, chalk and clay. The manufacture of objects in clay, plaster and cement. Brickworks, cement, lime and artificial stone industries. Dairying and the breeding of cattle and poultry. The manufacture of starch and vinegar. Food and drink trades. Coffee roasting; the manufacture of coffee substitutes. Smoking, salting, etc. of fish. Manufacture of margarine, vegetable oils, jams, beet sugar refineries and ice manufactories. In England, the National Federation of General Workers (i.e. unskilled workers) includes, in addition to the abovementioned groups, workers belonging to the public services, the dock, wharf and riverside workers, enginemen, IL0-SR/A15 ENGL COP. 2 — 2 — firemen, and other less important classes of workers. I t is obvious that the general workers form an important part of the world of labour. Their number, moreover, increased abnormally during the war, and the Belgian delegate, Mr. de Bruyn, drew attention to this fact at the Congress. He stated that, since the beginning of the war, vocational education had been interrupted in Belgium, and that boys of 14 attained manhood without learning a trade. In no other group of workers has the percentage of unemployment been so high as in the ranks of unskilled labour. Belgium has doubtless b>ed through exceptional times; but it is quite evident that the war, with its devastation of extensive areas, with conscription, and with the disorganisation of all industrial life, has put obstacles in the way of vocational education the whole world over, and has seriously increased the number of unskilled workers. The great differences existing between the industries mentioned above AVÜI explain the difficulties encountered in the organisation of workers in them. One section is concerned with agricultural workers, another with the most modern type of industries, and a third belongs to the ancient crafts which can adapt themselves only with great difficulty to present conditions of production. The result is that the national and international organisation of such heterogeneous groups does not constitute a poAver analogous to that of the trade unions representing the ordinary crafts and industries. Before the war there existed an international secretariat, established in 1907, on the occasion of the international congress at Stuttgart, by the representatives of the Arbejdsmandsförbund of Denmark, the Grov- och FabriJcsarbetareförbund of Sweden, the Union of the Paper and Eubber Workers of Austria and the German General Workers. Its main work consisted in regulating the conditions governing the transference of members from one organisation to another and in instituting an international travelling expenses fund. I n 1910 a second conference, at which Germany, the three Scandinavian countries and Bulgaria were represented, took place at Copenhagen. This conference consolidated the organisation of the secretariat, which at that time represented 224,715 Avorkers. According to the Internationale Geioerlcschafts-Korrespondenz of the 1st May 1914, this number in 1912 had grown to 298,001 workers divided into eight national unions. The Copenhagen Conference passed three resolutions the first of which insisted on adherence to the principles of the International Union of Trade Unions (1) ; the second 1) The International Union of Trade Unions was the forerunner of the International Federation of Trade Unions. It met for the first time at Stuttgart in 1902, then at Dublin, in 1903, Amst erdam 1905, Christiania 1907, Paris 1909, Budapest 1911 and Zurich 1913. Its influence was merely formal. — 3 — declared that each national organisation should, as far as its own disputes and activities were concerned, trust to its own resources, and should invoke the assistance of foreign organisations only in very severe disputes and then only subject to the approval of the central organisations of the country itself; the third resolution regulated the transference of members from one organisation to another. The position of the secretariat itself remained extremely unimportant, and during the years immediately preceding the war it received the following contributions :— In 1911 5) InJ.913 Bulgaria Holland Germany Denmark Norway Austria Sweden Belgium Marks 16. 42. 55 208. 55 37. 55 23. 55 14.26 55 13. 55 5. Marks 358.26 55 Such a sum, it is clear, is not sufficient to support international action. The secretariat was reduced to a mere administrative and statistical bureau, and during the war it had to renounce even this very modest function. I t was only after the conclusion of the Armistice that international relations were gradually re-established. One of the first acts of international solidarity consisted in the despatch of 20,000 francs to the Belgian organisation (on the initiative of the Dutch, Swedish and Danish unions) in order to assist in the reorganisation of this body. Mr. de Bruyn expressed his gratitude, and added that the Union, which had included only 3,000 members, and which during the war had been threatened with complete extinction, now comprised 55,000 members. The Austrian delegate, Mr. J.Weiss, also thanked the Congress for another expression of international solidarity, i.e. the sending of foodstuffs to the population of Vienna through the International Federation of Trade Unions. T H E AMSTERDAM CONGRESS. The Delegations As the initiative in holding this congress was taken by the Dutch, Belgian and .German organisations, the secretariat of the Congress consisted of a Dutch delegate (Mr. Stenhuis), a Belgian (Mr. de Bruyn), and a German (Mr. Brey). The folio Aving unions were represented :— Country Netherlands Belgium Germany Austria Bohemia Czecho-Slovakia England Denmark Norway Sweden Name of Trade Union Number Affiliated Nederlandsche Vereeniging van Fabriekarbeiders, (4 Delegates) 180,000 Centrale des Ouvriers de Fabrique et Industries diverses (3 délégués) 60,000 Deutscher Fabrikarbeiter Verband (3 Delegates) 680,000 Verband der Arbeiterschaft der Chemischen Industrie Oesterreichs (2 Delegates) 38,000 Internationaler Verband der Arbeiterschaft der Chemischen Industrie (1 Delegate) 22,000 Verband der Chemischen Industrie. 140,000 (1 Delegate) National Federation of General Workers (5 Delegates) 1,277,000 Danske Arbejdsmandsforbund (5 Delegates) 91,000 Norske Arbejdsmandsforbund (2 Delegates) 40,000 Svenska Grov- och Fabriksarbetareforbundet (2 Delegates) 51,000 Total 2,417,300 These figures show to what extent the number of affiliated organisations, and more especially of the workers represented, has increased since the Copenhagen Conference (l) The French trade unions representing the chemical products industry and the paper mills had announced their intention of attending the Conference, but failed to do so for a variety of reasons. On the other hand, the Danish Union of Factory Workers expressed the wish to join the international federation, but it was not represented at the Congress. The Congress admitted this organisation to membership. Moreover, three representatives of the Eussian Factory Workers sent a telegram from Berlin to the Congress requesting it to use its influence to obtain a Dutch visa for their passports. A similar request had also been addressed to the International Federation of Trade Unions. Debate on the General Direction of the Movement. The Congress spent the first day in discussing the general direction to be given to the Federation. At the end of the debate, the follownig resolution was passed :— " That the Congress of General Workers met at Amsterdam on the 25th October and on the following days, declares that the present conditions governing this class of labour necessitate the formation of a strong International Federation and has consequently resolved that :— 1) Vide Appendix: Detailed Statement of Organizations which took part in the Congress. — 5— a) Reconstitution of the International Secretariat of General Workers should date from the 1st October; b) The International Secretariat should adopt the principles of the organisation of the International Federation of Trade Unions and should invite the General Workers of every country to adhere to the re-constituted International. " Having resolved on the reconstitution of the new International Federation, the Congress requested nine delegates (2 English, 1 German, 1 Austrian, 2 Scandinavian, 1 CzechoSlovakian, 1 Belgian, 1 Dutch) to prepare a draft constitution. The second day was devoted to this work; the third to its discussion and adoption at the plenary sitting. It could not be expected that this Congress, the first to be held after the Avar, could enter into a very detailed discussion of the problems arising from the general conditions of labour among the working classes at the present time, or of the special conditions affecting general workers. Several of these problems were, howerer, touched on by various speakers, and it will be interesting to give a brief summary of the main tendencies which revealed themselves at the Assembly. As in the majority of post-bellum Congresses there arose what may be termed the "previous question", i.e. the question of future relations between the countries of the Entente and those of Central Europe. This question was solved in a simple and fundamental way by the Belgian representative, Mr. de Bruyn, who was one of the first to speak. He said he did not wish to attack his German comrades for their behaviour during the war. I n his opinion, it was far better not to discuss the Avar thatAvas noAv over, but to unite all the working classes for the prevention of fresh Avars. The German delegate, Mr. Brey, former Secretary of the International Federation, held out his hand to Mr. de Bruyn in reply to his speech. The Congress applauded, and this difficult question did not subsequently arise. What can general Avorkers, as such, do to prevent future Avars ? Thè German Delegate, Mr. Prull, stated that their action could always be decisive, for no war was possible without the co-operation of the chemical and explosives industries. The British delegation was not very interested in measures for the prevention of Avars. According to them, even ttíe action of politicians in Great Britain was of small import in this matter. They mentioned what the Committee of Action in Great Britain had done to prevent a war against the Soviets. They agreed Avith Mr. Prull, however, that a refusal on the part of the working classes, not only to produce, but likewise to transport munitions, Avould render — 6 — future wars impossible. They thought, however, that a decision of this kind could not be taken by one class of workers only, but that the entire organisation of labour, the whole world over, should take the requisite steps if necessity should arise. The Congress was unanimous in rejecting the Moscow principles ; it not only made this fact quite clear in the abovementioned resolution, but emphasised it in Article 2 of the Constitution : " The Headquarters of the International Federation of General Workers shall be in the same country and in the same city as the International Federation of Trade Unions, at present in Amsterdam. " I t is noteworthy that the most definite repudiation of the Moscow principles came from the German and Scandinavian Delegates. The German delegate, Mr. Prull, declared that the Moscow danger was not an imaginary one, and that Bolshevik propaganda was attractive, especially for the hitherto unorganised working masses. It was the worker with a long experience of trade unionism who was offering the stoutest resistance to Bolshevism. The method of action avocated by all the speakers was the pre-war method, i. e., trade union action, supplemented and .supported by Labour legislation. Slight differences of opinion, however, arose. The German delegates were undoubtedly inclined to emphasise social legislation more than the English representatives. I t was the German side, also, which, through two of its speakers, insisted on the necessity of international legislation and the usefulness of the International Labour Office. On the other hand, the British were not the most moderate in the aims they advocated. They declared that they were striving for the regulation of wages and other labour conditions, and that they also wished to determine questions of currency and to regulate profits with a view to their eventual abolition. The Congress dealt with the new institutions which had been established in certain nations, e. g. Works Councils, Industrial Councils, etc. The German delegate, Mr. Grossman, speaking of Works Councils, said that they were institutions to which the workmen were not yet accustomed, so that no great results could be expected from them in the immediate future. The British delegate, Mr. Boss, then alluded to a tendency in the British chemical industries to advocate the* control of this industry by a Joint Commission of Employers and Workers. He offered no opinion on this subject ; at the same time he defended a resolution proposed by his delegation recommending recourse to action by the Unions and conceived in the following terms :- •" The Congress declares that the manufacture of chemical products constitutes an element of primary importance for all industry. The Secretariat is instructed to institute an immediate inquiry and report on the particular conditions governing this trade, with a view to supplying exact information on wages, hours . of work, and the conditions, profits, prices, and general situation in this industry. • The Congress wishes to obtain a list of the undertakings in the various countries which are under the control of international employers' associations or combines. The Congress declares this investigation necessary in order to enable the affiliated organisations to unify and standardise wages, hours and working conditions in the various countries ". Mr. Boss added that in England nearly all the workmen in this industry were organised, and had succeeded in obtaining good wages, but that at the moment the employers were resisting their demands, and had even threatened to close the works if wages Avere to rise still higher. He mentioned that the Food Controller had stated that shipments of chloride and other chemical products had been landed in Aberdeen at a price which rendered all competition futile on the part of the British industries. In any case, apart from this, the delegation belieA-ed that an international combine of manufacturers was gradually extending OArer the entire industry; but as they Avere not in possession of accurate information, they Avere requesting this investigation. The secretariat of.the Congress refused to undertake so extended an nwestigation ; but it promised to do all that was possible in this direction. After this declaration of the Congress, the British delegation withdreAV its resolution. Communications similar to those of the British delegation Avere made by Ararious countries. The German organisation of Czecho-SloA^akia had seen the increase of its 'members from 800 to 22,000 in 1920. They had succeeded in raising wages from 70 % to 100 %. On the other hand, the cost of liAàng had shoAvn a rise of 140 %. The Danish delegate, Mr. Sòrensen, announced that in his country Avages had increased in proportion to the rise in the cost of living. The Swedish delegate, Mr. Jonssen, stated that the number of members of his organisation had risen from a feAv thousand to over 51,000, and that they had succeeded in greatly increasing the strength of their legal and economic position. The tATo ScandinaAdan organisations Avere, hoAveA'er, faced by the employers' combine, Avhich had already announced its intention of turning the threatened crisis to its own advantage by lo AYering wages and lessening the influence of the Avorkers on labour conditions generally. The Nor AATegian delegate Mr. Volau, after stating that a tenth part of all chemical fertilisers, (artificial manures) were manufactured in his country, inform- — 8 — ed the Congress that the workers in this industry worked 6 hours per day, in four shifts, i.e., 42 hours per week.Whereas all the other workmen in Norway had only 14 days' holiday per annum, the workers in the chemical industry received 4 days more. The question of the socialisation of the industry was being discussed in the Norwegian Parliament at the present time. But in Norway also the employers were beginning to complain of foreign competition, and to use this argument to justify their attempts to increase the number of working hours. The German delegate, Mr. Brey, stated that, since the Revolution, the trade union movement had gained tremendously in power, and that in this respect Germany could no longer be referred to as a backward country. The position of the unions at the present time not only differed from that of 1914, but even from the situation in 1918. They were recognised alike' by the Constitution and by employers as the normal representatives of the working classes. They had not been called upon to sacrifice a single principle to obtain this result. Their fighting spirit was as strong as ever. They lived in days of international crisis. Nowhere was this crisis more acute than in Germany and Austria, but whereas, in the past, each crisis entailed a fall in wages, abnormal unemployment, and a collapse of the organisations, they had on this occasion obtained repeated increases of wages, and unemployment had been prevented by shortening working hours to 6, 4 or even 3 per day. The German workers' movement was obliged, in view of the present national crisis, to observe a spirit of moderation, but it had lost nothing of its former energy and vigour. One important aspect of trade union organisation was referred to by the Belgian delegate, Mr. de Bruyn, who indicated that a new tendency to concentration was apparent in his country. In Belgium there existed about 30 trade union federations on a craft basis, but the last Congress of Belgian Trade Unions had accepted the principle of organisation on an industrial basis. The result of this is that all the workers of one particular industry now belong to the same Union ; for instance, cement factories, lime kilns, brick yards, tileries, potteries, etc., would be included in the Building Industries Union. The Federation of General Workers numbered about 15,000 members in one of these industries. Other central federations about to be formed were those of the paper industry and the food and drink industries. To these federations the Federation of General Workers would have to transfer about 10,000 of its members. Nothing would be left to them then except the workers in the chemical industries and in a few minor trades. The number of trade union federations would thus be reduced to 10 or 11. The Committee of the Federation of General Workers had opened negotiations with a view to an amicable settlement of the — 9 — problem. I t is in favour of the new system, and it collaborates with the other central unions for the transfer of its members into other organisations (1). The Congress declined to discuss the matter. The English delegate, Mr. Eoss, declared most emphatically that the system described by Mr. de Bruyn was not suitable for British conditions. Workmen should be permitted to organise according to their own inclinations. The unions thus constituted have every opportunity of amalgamating. The same view was supported by the Dutch and Swedish delegates ; although they were favourable to the principle of concentration, they considered it inopportune to ask the Congress to pass a resolution in this sense. Each country should be alloAved to follow the principles it most favoured. As the President of the Congress, Mr. R. Stenhuis, pointed out, any other decision would place the Secretariat in a very difficult position. The argument with regard to the necessary independence of organisations was again invoked in Connection with the following resolution submitted by the Scandinavian delegates : " T h e Congress is of opinion that, in principle,the transfer of members from one organisation to another should not entail the payment of entrance fees,, the members thus transferred being entitled to the assistance and privileges common to both organisations in question. The Congress instructs the Executive Committee to prepare a draft transfer regulation and to submit it for the approval of the next Congress." The British delegation opposed this resolution, in view of the fact that there existed in Britain several trade unions which refused to admit new members except under certain given conditions. ( 1 ) In a article published by the Vooruit on thé 27th October, the Secretary of the Trade Union Committee of the Belgian Labour Party, C. Mertens, enumerated 15 central unions which the Committee desired to establish. These are : 1. Food and Drink Industry, including the staffs of hotels, restaurants, etc., and a part of the workers at present organised in the Federation of General Workers. 2. Building trades, wood industries, quarry workers. 3. aSTon-manual employees and teachers. 4. Paper and printing industries. 5. Metal workers. 6. Miners. 7. Precious stones and metals. 8. Tobacco Trade. 9. Transport. 10. Glass Trade. 11. Clothing and Textile Industries. 12. Agricultural labour. 13. Theatrical employees. 14. Public Services. 15. Unskilled labourers. — 10 — The Congress, without expressing any opinion on the main point, decided that it was not proper for one particular group to determine principles which concern the trade union movement as a whole. Further the question of the transferring of members had become more complicated since the introduction of unemployment insurance subsidised by the State. In order to restore the liberty enjoyed before the war, it would be necessary that international conventions or understandings between states should be reached. The delegate of the Czech organisation of Prague asked the Congress to declare that in each country only one federation be admitted to the international organisation. This really meant forcing the Congress to choose between the Czech and German organisations existing in Czecho-Slovakia. The Congress immediately refused to do so, and decided to admit both organisations temporarily, and entrust the International Federation of Trade Unions with the task of securing the realisation of national unity in all countries. All these questions will doubtless arise again at the next Congress, unless a solution is discovered in the interim. The Congress of Copenhagen (1910) had already decided, in agreement with the International Conference of Secretariats in Particular Industries at Amsterdam' (1905), that each country should be represented by one organisation only; and they had adopted, as mentioned above, a resolution governing the transfer of members. In accordance with this resolution, the Swedish, Norwegian, German, Austrian and Bulgarian organisations had made an arrangement by which members of these organisations, emigrating from one country to another, were assured of the protection of their rights by the trade unions of the latter country. It may readily be understood, however, why the Congress, the first to be held after the War, in entirely new conditions and with new groups, endeavoured, before all, to restore international unity, and was, therefore, eager to avoid any decision liable to endanger this work of reconstruction. The Constitution. The main task of the Congress was the preparation of the Constitution. The choice of name which would correctly cover the groups of workers belonging to the Federation also presented a certain amount of difficulty. " International Federation of General Factory Workers " was at last decided on. The headquarters of the Federation, as we have already seen, was to be in the same town as the headquarters of the International Federation of Trade Unions, i.e., at Amsterdam. The Congress, in consequence, requested the Dutch Federation to appoint temporarily an international Secretary. The latter unanimously elected its President, Mr. Stenhuis, — 11 — who is also President of the Federation of Dutch Trade Unions. Mr. Stenhuis consented to act in this capacity until the following Congress, to be held at the same time and place as the next International Trade Union Congress, i.e., in July 1921, at Paris. ' The main articles of the Constitution are Articles I I I and IV, which are as follows :— "Article lit. — The object of the International Organisation of General Factory Workers is to weld the industrial organisations of these workers in all countries into one sole, powerful and homogeneous international federation, for the following purposes :— (a) To defend both the social and economic interests of all General Factory Workers. (b) To. support all national and international action demanded by circumstances in the struggle against the exploitation of labour and to maintain the international solidarity of the working classes. "Article IV.— The Federation will accomplish these aims by (a) Establishing relations between the various trade unions. (b) Seconding efforts towards the organisation of General Factory Workers, in those countries in which they are feebly organised, or taking steps for the formation of such an organisation in countries where they are not organized at all. (c) Publishing a journal in several languages. (d) Preparing and publishing information with regard to social conditions, and more particularly the wages and conditions of labour of General Factory Workers in various countries. (e) Opposing the introduction of outside labour in cases of dispute. (/) Organising if possible or in case of need financial assistance during important strikes and lockouts. (g) Regulating the free transfer of members of affiliated organisations. (h) Endeavouring to achieve close collaboration between the national organisations of General Factory Workers. (i) Initiating and developing regular relations with the International Federation of Trade Unions as well as with other international central organisations. " Two other important resolutions are embodied in Articles V and VII, the first referring to conditions of adherence to the Federation, the second to the independence of the various affiliated organisations. The t e s t reads as follows : — 12 — " Artide V.—All organisations of General Factory Workers may join the International Federation, subject to approval by the Executive Committee and confirmation by the succeeding International Congress." "ArticleVIT.—Any organisation adhering to the Federation of General Factory Workers will preserve its complete independence except with regard to the obligations imposed by its own constitution and by the resolutions of the International Congress. " With regard to expenses, Article IX provides that the affiliated organisations shall pay a pro rata share according to the number of their members on the 31st December of the previous year. The following system was established for 1920 : organisations to pay 30 florins per thousand members for the first hundred thousand members ; for the remainder they will pay 20 per cent of this assessment. The following table indicates the sums payable by each country according to this principle. Bristish Federation Fl. 7,000 Dutch " 540 German Mks 5,800 Austrian Cr. 2,280 Czecho-Slovakia German . . Cr. 1,320 Czecho-Slovakia Czech . . . Cr. 6,480 Belgian Fr. 3,300 Swedish Or. 2,300 Norwegian Cr. 2,250 Danish (Men's Fed.) .... Cr. 4,000 " (Women's " ) . . Cr. 675 • To avoid difficulties resulting from fluctuations in the rate of exchange each organisation will pay in the currency of its own country. The total of the assessment for each national organisation will be determined in accordance with pre-war par of exchange. The result will be an increase in the revenue should the rate of exchange eventually improve. It remains to be stated that the Federation, in Article X X I , has accepted four official languages, i.e. German, French, English and Swedish, and that the Executive Committee will be composed of five members. These will be appointed within one month as follows : one by the British Federation, one by the Dutch-Scandinavian Group, one by the German Federation, one by the Franco-Belgian group, and one by the Austro-Czecho-Slovakian group. Conclusion The new International Federation of General Factory Workers has been constituted, but the groups organised in it represent a small part only of those which might be included. Even if, as is expected^ the workers in the French — 13 — chemical and paper industries join the Federation in the future, there will still remain various important groups to be drawn into the organisation. Moreover, the Congress has shown that the Federation is faced by problems of organisation the solution of which will probably result in the loss of many groups of members. The development of this organisation deserves the attention of all who are interested in the problems connected with trade unionism and with social questions, for it represents a considerable section of the world of labour. This section forms the social stratum from which the new industries will probably recruit their workmen. The tendencies and aspirations of this part of the world of labour will thus have a real influence on the development of industrial life. The Austrian organisations, for obvious reasons, had not prepared any statistics. As for the British organisation, its constitution is entirely different from that of the other unions of the International Federation. Twelve independent unions are associated in the British Federation, of which eight were represented at the Congress. They are : Weekly Contributions towards Strike Funds. Strike Members 12/6d 4d. 480,000 Workers' Union . Municipal Employees Association 70,000 National Amalgamated Union of Labour 180,000 Gas, Municipal and General Workers Union 55,000 Dock, Wharf and Riverside Workers Union 250,000 National Amalgamated Union of Enginemen, Firemen, Mechanics and Electrical Workers 40,000 National Union of General Workers 445,000 Weekly allowances in case of Lockout 12/6d 12/6d 4d. 12/6d 6d. 20/- 16/- 4d. 12/- 12/- 6d. 15/- 6d. 12/- 12/- 6d. 16/- 16/- It is the general custom of these unions to grant allowances for accidents and death, and to provide their members with the requisite legal assistance. The International Federation does not concern itself with this form of trade union activity. — 14 — AP: D E T A I L E D S T A T E M E N T OF ORGANIZATIOJ MEMBERS INCOME COUNTRY MEN STRIKES ANI LOCK-OUTS WOMEN Belgium 44,000 11,000 702,853.—Fr. 165,062.- Holland 19,206 1,5157 238,478.97 Fl. 64,934.4 Denmark 91,253 - 10,84,243.30 Kr. 452,548.3 Sweden 41,898 4,449 943,597.40 Kr. 266,396.6 (4) 1,898,464.— Kr. 892,055.- iiorway 33, 986 (2) Czecho-Slovakia... (Czech) 59,807 18,080 1,794,620.81 Kr. 21,384.5 Czeclio Slovakia... (German) 10,017 6,189 538,686.30 Kr. 57,797.3 421,048 480,955 13,244,974.80 M. 1,052,902 124,607 £ 3,973.2s. 2 d . (1) (2) (3) Trade (4) (5) (6) 1,017,274.0 Salaries for members of the Committee. Women are organised separately. The unemployment funds are administered separately by a Committee of t Unions. All Kevenues. Including Travelling Expenses Fund. December 31st 1918. — 15 — CH TOOK PAKT I N T H E CONGEESS EXPENDITURE FOB : CASH IN HAND AT END IPLOTMENT ENEFITS 83,892.- 72,6*70.82 SICKNESS — 9,339.27 PROPAGANDA JOURNAL 45,000.- 20,600- — 28,92(5.88 16,297.82 COMMITTEE AND ADMINISTRATION (1) 39,600.— — OF YEAR ' 1 103,299.- | 131,310.13 I (3) io9.121.17 — 8,287 80 1,075.91 151,990.72 — 9,671.77 39,196.73 81,453.32 1,071,020.94 , i — 1,038,260.53 l 1 519,930.8» — 37,307.— — 126,610.- 230,100.— ¡ 4,718.80 1,7785.43 99,979.52 166,724.05 636,747.54 1,230,077.11 i 4,047.06 2,022.20 (5) 20,830.09 153,156.43 1,004,550.88 543,968.86 18,827.50 59,023.10 694,122.11 741,690,051.— 304,062.18 (6)! 4,641,249-39 1 1 — — — — — £ 1,220.3s. 9d. j — 16 — STUDIES AND REPORTS already issued. Where the English or French text of a Report has not yet been published it will be issued at a later date. S e r i e s A. N ° 1. T H E AGREEMENT BETWEEN T H E SPANISH WORKERS' S A T I O N S , issued o n S e p t e m b e r 2 5 t h 1 9 2 0 . English " 2. T H E DISPUTE IN T H E METAL INDUSTRY IN ORGANI- and French. ITALT. TRADE U N I O N C O N T R O L O F I N D U S T R Y , ( F i r s t p a r t ) issued o n Septe m b e r 2 5 t h 1 9 2 0 . English and French. " 3. ANNUAL MEETING OF T H E TRADES UNIOS issued o n October 4 t h 1 9 2 0 . English " 4. INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS CONGRESS and OF WORKERS 1920, French. IN T H E FOOD AND D R I N K T R A D E S , issued on October 1 1 t h 1920. English French. " 5. T H E BRITISH GOVERNMENT AND T H E MINERS' FEDERATION OF GREAT BRITAIN. CONFERENCE B E T W E E N S I R ROBERT HORNE AND 1920. " 6. THE MINERS' English and FEDERATION, issued 7. T H E CONGRESS OF T H E LABOUR AND SOCIALIST 8. English and 9. T H E INTERNATIONAL LABOUR 10. and INTERNATIONAL, French. ORGANISATION. English and A 19th COMPARISON, French. T H E INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF METAL WORKERS, O c t o b e r 22nd 1920. English " 11th French. issued o n October 2 1 s t 1920. " October T H E M I N E R S ' I N T E R N A T I O N A L C O N G R E S S , i s s u e d on O c t o b e r 1920. " on 'French. issued o n O c t o b e r 1 4 t h 1920. English " and and issued on French. T H E BRITISH GOVERNMENT AND T H E MINERS' FEDERATION OF GREAT BRITAIN. CONFERENCE BETWEEN T H E GOVERN- MENT ANT THE TRIPLE INDUSTRIAL ALLIANCE, issued On O c t o b e r 2 6 t h 1920. English and French. " 11. T H E DISPUTE I N T H E METAL INDUSTRY I N ITALY. TRADE C O N T R O L O F I N D U S T R Y . (Second p a r t ) issued b e r 4 t h 1920. English and French. " 12. T H E FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS O F BOOKBINDERS, o n N o v e m b e r 2 6 t h 1920. " 13. English and XV English CONGRÈS and issued French. T H E M I N E R S ' S T R I K E I N G R E A T B R I T A I N , issued o n D e c e m b e r 1920, "14. UNION on Novem- 21th French. D E LA CONFÉDÉRATION GÉNÉRALE ( F R A N C E ) issued on D e c e m b e r 23th 1920. French DU only. TRAVAIL — 17 — Series B. N ° 1. COAL PRODUCTION IN THE RUHR DISTRICT. Enquiry by the I n t e r n a t i o n a l L a b o u r Office, e n d of M a y 1920, issued o n Sept e m b e r 1st 1920. English and French. " 2. P A P E R S RELATING TO SCHEMES O F INTERNATIONAL ORGANISA- T I O N FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF RAW MATERIALS AND FOOD S T U F F S , issued o n October 5 t h 1920. English and French. " 3. T H E C O N D I T I O N S OF L A B O U R A N D P R O D U C T I O N I N T H E U P P E R S I L E S I A N COALFIELD, issued on D e c e m b e r 10th 1920. English and French. INSURANCE, issued Series C. NTo 1. BRITISH LEGISLATION ON UNEMPLOYMENT o n October 2 6 t h 1920. " 2. English and French. GOVERNMENT ACTION I N DEALING W I T H U N E M P L O Y M E N T issued on O c t o b e r 2 7 t h 1 9 2 0 . English " 3. T H E BULGARIAN L A W ON COMPULSORY v e m b e r 4 t h 1920. " 4. T H E ACTION English OF THE SWISS and and IN ITALY, French. L A B O U R , issued on No- French. GOVERNMENT IN DEALING WITH U N E M P L O Y M E N T , issued on N o v e m b e r 13th 1920. English French. and Series D. N ° 1. STAFF REGULATIONS O N T H E B R E N C H R A I L W A Y S , i s s u e d on S e p - t e m b e r 4 t h 1 9 2 0 . English and French. Series H. N ° 1. CONSUMERS' CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN S w e d e n ) , issued o n S e p t e m b e r 8 t h 1920. " 2. SEVENTH CONGRESS OF T H E BELGIAN issued on S e p t e m b e r 2 5 t h 1 9 2 0 . " 3. 1919 ( D e n m a r k English and CO-OPERATIVE English and T H E NATIONAL CONGRESS O F F R E N C H CONSUMERS' and French. OFFICE, French. CO-OPERATIVE S O C I E T I E S , issued on N o v e m b e r 2 4 t h 1920. English andFrench. Series K. N ° 1. FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF LANDWORKERS' UNIONS A F F I L I A T E D TO T H E I N T E R N A T I O N A L F E D E R A T I O N O F T R A D E U N I O N , issued on N o v e m b e r , 1 9 2 0 . English " 2. AGRARIAN English " 3. " 4. French. C O N D I T I O N S I N S P A I N , issued on N o v e m b e r and and T H E EIGHT-HOUR 1 0 t h 1920. French. S M A L L H O L D I N G S I N S C O T L A N D , issued English and on N o v e m b e r 1 2 t h 1929. French. DAY IN c e m b e r 17th 1920. ITALIAN AGRICULTURE, English and French. issued on De-