Crutches and children - proper fit and safety tips: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

P After surgery or an injury, your child may need crutches to walk. Your child needs crutches for support so that no weight is put on your child's leg. Using crutches isn't easy and takes practice. Make sure that your child's crutches fit right and learn some safety tips.

T Fitting Crutches
P Ask your child's health care provider to fit the crutches to your child. Proper fit makes using crutches easier and keeps your child from getting hurt when using them. Even if your child is fitted for their crutches:
- Put the rubber caps on the underarm pads, handgrips, and feet.
- Adjust the crutches to the right length. With the crutches upright and your child standing, make sure you can put 2 fingers between your child's underarm and the top of the crutches. Crutch pads against the armpit can give your child a rash and put pressure on nerves and blood vessels in the arm. Too much pressure can damage nerves and blood vessels.
- Adjust the height of the handgrips. They should be where your child's wrists are when their arms are hanging by their side or hip. The elbows should be gently bent when standing up and holding the handgrips.
- Make sure your child's elbows are slightly bent when starting to use the crutch, then extended when taking a step.

T Safety Tips
P Teach your child to:
- Always keep crutches nearby in easy reach.
- Wear shoes that do not slip off.
- Move slowly.
- Watch for slippery walking surface. Leaves, ice, and snow are all slippery. Slipping is not generally a problem on wet roads or sidewalks if the crutches have rubber tips. But wet crutch tips on indoor floors can be very slippery.
- Never hang on the crutches. This puts pressure on the arm nerve and can cause damage.
- Carry a backpack with necessities. This way things are easy to reach and out of the way.
P Things parents can do:
- Put away things in your home that could cause your child to trip. This includes electrical cords, toys, throw rugs, and clothes on the floor.
- Talk to the school to give your child extra time to go between classes and to avoid crowds in the hallway. See if your child can ask for permission to use the elevators and avoid stairs.
- Check the crutch feet for tread. Make sure they are not slippery.
- Check the screws on the crutches every few days. They get loose easily.

T When to Call the Doctor
P Call the provider if your child does not seem safe on crutches even after practicing with you. The provider can refer you to a physical therapist who can teach your child how to use crutches.
P If your child complains of numbing, tingling, or loss of feeling in their arm or hand, call the provider.

T References
P American Academy of Othopaedic Surgeons. How to use crutches, canes, and walkers. OrthoInfo. orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00181. Updated February 2015. Accessed January 6, 2017.
P Edelstein JE. Canes, crutches, and walkers. In: Hsu JD, Michael JW, Fisk JR, eds. AAOS Atlas of Orthoses and Assistive Devices. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2008:chap 42.

T Review Date 11/27/2016
P Updated by: C. Benjamin Ma, MD, Professor, Chief, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, San Francisco, CA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

T Related MedlinePlus Health Topics
- Mobility Aids

