Lacquer poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

P Lacquer is a clear or colored coating (called a varnish) that is often used to give wooden surfaces a glossy look. Lacquer is dangerous to swallow. Breathing in the fumes for a long period is also harmful.
P This article is for information only. DO NOT use it to treat or manage an actual poison exposure. If you or someone you are with has an exposure, call your local emergency number (such as 911), or your local poison center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) from anywhere in the United States.

T Poisonous Ingredient
P Poisoning from lacquers is due to hydrocarbons, which are substances that contain only hydrogen and carbon.

T Where Found
P Lacquers are products that are used as a clear finish for wooden surfaces, particularly floors. They are sold under various brand names.

T Symptoms
P Lacquer poisoning can cause symptoms in many parts of the body.
P AIRWAYS AND LUNGS
- Breathing difficulty (from inhalation)
- Throat swelling (may also cause breathing difficulty)
P BLADDER AND KIDNEYS
- Blood in urine
- No urine production (kidney failure)
P EYES, EARS, NOSE, AND THROAT
- Severe pain in the throat
- Severe pain or burning in the nose, eyes, ears, lips, or tongue
- Vision loss
P STOMACH AND INTESTINES
- Abdominal pain -- severe
- Bloody stools
- Burns and possible holes of the esophagus (food pipe)
- Vomiting, possibly bloody
P HEART AND BLOOD
- Collapse
- Low blood pressure -- develops rapidly
P NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Coma (decreased level of consciousness and lack of responsiveness)
- Brain damage
- Sleepiness
- Stupor
P SKIN
- Burns
- Irritation
- Necrosis (holes) in the skin or underlying tissues

T Home Care
P Get medical help right away. DO NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care provider.
P If the chemical was swallowed, immediately give the person water, unless instructed otherwise by a provider.
P If the person breathed in the poison, immediately move him or her to fresh air.

T Before Calling Emergency
P Get the following information:
- Person's age, weight, and condition
- Name of the product (ingredients and strength, if known)
- Time it was swallowed
- Amount swallowed

T Poison Control
P Your local poison center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) from anywhere in the United States. This hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions.
P This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the United States use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does not need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

T What to Expect at the Emergency Room
P Take the container with you to the hospital, if possible.
P The provider will measure and monitor the person's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. Symptoms will be treated as appropriate. The person may receive:
- Breathing support, including a tube through the mouth into the lungs, and a breathing tube (ventilator).
- Bronchoscopy. Camera placed down the throat to see burns in the airways and lungs.
- Chest x-ray
- EKG (heart tracing)
- Endoscopy. Camera placed down the throat to see burns in the esophagus and the stomach.
- Fluids through a vein (IV)
- Surgical removal of burned skin (skin debridement)
- Tube through the mouth into the stomach to wash out the stomach (gastric lavage).
- Washing of the skin (irrigation). Perhaps every few hours for several days.

T Outlook (Prognosis)
P How well a person does depends on the amount of poison swallowed and how quickly treatment was received. The faster a person gets medical help, the better the chance for recovery.
P Extensive damage to the mouth, throat, and stomach are possible. The ultimate outcome depends on the extent of this damage. Damage can continue to occur for several weeks after the poison was swallowed. Death may occur as long as a month after the poison was swallowed.
P Prolonged exposure to lacquer fumes can cause serious, long-term problems.

T References
P Lee DC. Hydrocarbons. In: Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 158.

T Review Date 11/4/2015
P Updated by: Jesse Borke, MD, FACEP, FAAEM, Attending Physician at FDR Medical Services/Millard Fillmore Suburban Hospital, Buffalo, NY. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

