Porphyrins - urine test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

P Porphyrins are natural chemicals in the body that help form many important substances in the body. One of these is hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen in the blood.
P Porphyrins can be measured in the urine or blood. This article discusses the urine test.

T How the Test is Performed
P After you provide a urine sample, it is tested in the lab. This is called a random urine sample.
P If needed, your health care provider may ask you to collect your urine at home over 24 hours. This is called a 24-hour urine sample. Your provider will tell you how to do this. Follow instructions exactly so that the results are accurate.

T How to Prepare for the Test
P Your provider may tell you to temporarily stop taking medicines that may affect the test results. These may include:
- Antibiotics and anti-fungal drugs
- Anti-anxiety drugs
- Birth control pills
- Diabetes medicines
- Pain medicines
- Sleep medicines
P Do not stop taking any medicine without first talking to your provider.

T How the Test will Feel
P This test involves only normal urination and there is no discomfort.

T Why the Test is Performed
P Your provider will order this test if you have signs of porphyria or other disorders that can cause abnormal urine porphyrins.

T Normal Results
P Normal results vary depending on the type of porphyrin tested. In general, for a 24-hour urine test of total porphyrins, the range is about 20 to 120 µg/L (25 to 144 nmol/L).
P Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or may test different specimens. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

T What Abnormal Results Mean
P Abnormal results may be due to:
- Liver cancer
- Hepatitis
- Lead poisoning
- Porphyria (several types)

T Risks
P There are no risks with this test.

T Alternative Names
P Urine uroporphyrin; Urine coproporphyrin; Porphyria - uroporphyrin

T Images
- Female urinary tract
- Male urinary tract
- Porphyrin urine test

T References
P Fuller SJ, Wiley JS. Heme biosynthesis and its disorders: porphyrias and sideroblastic anemias. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ Jr, Silberstein LE, Heslop HE, Weitz JI, Anastasi J, eds. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2013:chap 36.
P Riley RS, McPherson RA. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017:chap 28.

T Review Date 2/7/2017
P Updated by: Todd Gersten, MD, Hematology/Oncology, Florida Cancer Specialists & Research Institute, Wellington, FL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

