Fecal fat: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

P The fecal fat test measures the amount of fat in the stool. This can help gauge the percentage of dietary fat that the body does not absorb.

T How the Test is Performed
P There are many ways to collect the samples.
- For adults and children, you can catch the stool on plastic wrap that is loosely placed over the toilet bowl and held in place by the toilet seat. Then put the sample in a clean container. One test kit supplies a special toilet tissue that you use to collect the sample, then put the sample in a clean container.
- For infants and children wearing diapers, you can line the diaper with plastic wrap. If the plastic wrap is placed properly, you can prevent mixing of urine and stool. This will provide a better sample.
P Collect all stool that is released over a 24-hour period (or sometimes 3 days) in the containers provided. Label the containers with name, time, and date, and send them to the lab.

T How to Prepare for the Test
P Eat a normal diet containing about 100 grams (g) of fat per day for 3 days before starting the test. The health care provider may ask you to stop using drugs or food additives that could affect the test.

T How the Test will Feel
P The test involves only normal bowel movements. There is no discomfort.

T Why the Test is Performed
P This test evaluates fat absorption to tell how well the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and intestines are working.
P Fat malabsorption can cause a change in your stools called steatorrhea. To absorb fat normally, the body needs bile from the gallbladder (or liver if the gallbladder has been removed), enzymes from the pancreas, and normal intestines.

T Normal Results
P Less than 7 g of fat per 24 hours.

T What Abnormal Results Mean
P Decreased fat absorption may be caused by:
- Biliary cancer
- Biliary stricture
- Celiac disease
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Crohn disease
- Cystic fibrosis
- Gallstones (cholelithiasis)
- Pancreatic cancer
- Pancreatitis
- Radiation enteritis
- Short bowel syndrome (for example from surgery or an inherited problem)
- Sprue
- Whipple disease
- Small bowel bacterial overgrowth

T Risks
P There are no risks.

T Considerations
P Factors that interfere with the test are:
- Enemas
- Laxatives
- Mineral oil

T Alternative Names
P Quantitative stool fat determination; Fat absorption

T Images
- Digestive system organs

T References
P Hogenauer C, Hammer HF. Maldigestion and malabsorption. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 104.
P Semrad CE. Approach to the patient with diarrhea and malabsorption. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 140.

T Review Date 7/22/2016
P Updated by: Subodh K. Lal, MD, gastroenterologist with Gastrointestinal Specialists of Georgia, Austell, GA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

