River/Lake;Dam_Type;Location;Trigger;Damheight_max;Lake_Vol;Breach_d;V0;Qp;Qp_Method;Breach_Rate;Breach_Method;Source;Comments
Tsatichu;Landslide;Bhutan;Overtopping?;100;5,50E+06;;;5,90E+03;Measured 35 km downstream;;;Dunning et al., 2006;Lake volume and depth very approximate
Rio San Pedro;Landslide;Chile;Overtopping;40;2,50E+09;40;2,50E+09;7,45E+03;Unknown, but complete hydrograph presented;3,70E-04;Largest  dam  completely cut through in 30 hours;Davis and Karzulovic (1963), Weischet (1963), Pena and Klohn (1989);Davis and Karzulovic -1963    report new lake 26.5 m high  before overtopping artificial     outlet channel blockage     downstream for Lago Rinihue,    but lake engulfed Vo and V are for only the water impounded   by blockage     
Dadu River;Landslide;China;Overtopping;70;5,00E+07;70;5,00E+07;;;;;Dai et al. (2005);"Killed 100 000 earthquake-formed, breach triggered by aftershock; no independent assessment of Q"
Dong River;Landslide;China;Overtopping;51;2,70E+06;20;2,50E+06;5,60E+02;Unknown 2 hr average  ;1,40E-03;Average for  4 hr duration of emptying ;Li et al. (1986), Costa and Schuster (1991);"Complete breach in 4 hr; triggered by large rainfall inflow; breach depth estimated from Fig. 11;  inflow 130 m3 s-1"
Yalong River;Landslide;China;Overtopping;175;6,80E+08;88;6,40E+08;5,30E+04;Manning equation, 6 km downstream;1,90E-03;Average for 13 hr duration of emptying;Li et al. (1986), Chen et al. (1992);Breach mostly developed in 5.5 hr, although Chen et al. modelling suggests full breach development in 2.5 hr
Rio Toro;Landslide;Costa Rica;Piping;52;5,00E+05;12;4,50E+05;4,00E+02;Unknown;;;Mora et al. (1993);"Breached in a series of events; recorded data for 13 July event; breach drop estimated from Fig. 8.5 volume released estimated from given lake dimensions"
Rio Paute;Landslide;Ecuador;Overtopping;83;2,10E+08;40;1,85E+08;8,25E+03;"Reservoir outflow; 5 min average";1,11E-02;For 6 hr, Ôgreater volume having been dischargedÕ;Plaza Nieto and Zevallos, (1994), Canuti et al. (1994);"Partly manipulated overflow;  intense breaching followed retrograde erosion of landslide"
Rio Pisque;Landslide;Ecuador;Overtopping;45;3,60E+06;30;2,50E+06;4,80E+02;Unknown;1,50E-03;30 m over 5.5 hr;Plaza-Nieto et al. (1990), Zevallos-Moreno (1993 written communication);"Breach rate 0.0024 m s-1 for 3.5 hr of most intense erosion; failed by headward erosion of overtopped constructed outlet channel; flood data for Ômain floodÕ"
Birehi Ganga River;Landslide;India;Overtopping;237;4,40E+08;120;2,85E+08;5,67E+04;"Reservoir outflow;  1 hr average";2,54E-02;90 m in 1 hr;Lubbock (1894), Strachey (1894), Malde (1968), Costa (1988), Costa and Schuster -1991;Landslide volume from dimensions in Strachey -1894
Issyk River;Landslide;Kirgizstan;Overtopping;55;1,26E+08;55;1,26E+08;1,00E+03;Unknown;6,00E-04;Average for 24 hr duration;Gerasimov (1965), Schuster et al. -2002;Retrograde erosion, triggered by overtopping by flood wave from upstream breached moraine dam
Tegermach River;Landslide;Kirgizstan;Piping;90;6,60E+06;90;6,50E+06;4,96E+03;Chezy equation, unknown distance downstream;2,50E-02;Average for 1 hr duration;Glazyrin and Reyzvikh (1968), Costa and Schuster -1991;Failed by piping, with development downstream sapping channels
Naranjo River (Colima);Landslide;Mexico;Overtopping?;150;1,00E+09;150;1,00E+09;3,50E+06;Superelevation of debris flow, 10 km downstream;;;Capra and Macias -2002;Volcanic debris avalanche, filled canyon for 25 km flow eroded 1.5 á 106 m3 of material from debris avalanche
Poerua River ;Landslide;New Zealand;Overtoppping;80;6,00E+06;45;4,00E+06;2,50E+03;Multiple conveyance, 1 d modelling, 5.5 km downstream, perhaps some bulking up;;;Hancox et al. -2005;Landslide volume 10Ð15 million Lake volume 5Ð7 million m3
Tunawaea Stream;Landslide;New Zealand;Overtopping;50;9,00E+05;18,5;6,30E+05;1,60E+02;Dam-break modelling fitted to gauge record;3,40E-03;18.5 m over 1.5 hrs< fitted modelling;Jennings et al. (1993), Webby and Jennings -1994;Discharge for breakout only, river flow subtracted
Bairaman River;Landslide;Papua New Guinea;Overtopping;130;5,00E+07;70;4,00E+07;2,50E+04;Conveyance, 1 km downstream;1,13E-02;70 m over 103 min;King et al. -1989;Landslide volume eroded twice total water volume human-induced overtopping
Indus River;Landslide;Pakistan;Overtopping;150;1,20E+09;150;1,20E+09;5,70E+04;Estimate by Hewitt;1,70E-03;24 hr average;Hewitt (1968), Shroder et al. (1991);"Shroder et al. report 540 0 m3 s-1 , but value implausible; Hewitt reported drained in 24 hr; overtopping triggered by landslide generated wave"
Rio Mantaro;Landslide;Peru;Overtopping;96,3;3,15E+08;55,8;3,00E+08;5,00E+04;Manning equation applied by authors, 90 km downstream, based on data in Snow;2,20E-03;7 hr average;Snow -1964;Lake volumes calculated from Snow -1964 measurements
Rio Mantaro;Landslide;Peru;Overtopping;170;6,70E+08;107;5,00E+08;1,00E+04;Reservoir outflow;2,50E-03;12 hr average;Lee and Duncan -1975;
Ching-Shui;Landslide;Taiwan;Overtopping;217;1,57E+08;200;1,20E+08;5,36E+03;Ôaverage dischargeÕ drawdown;3,20E-03;6 hr 70 m lake drawdown?;Chang (1984), Hung -2000;"Also reported as Chin-Shui-Chi River; dam formed from two failures; breach depth from inspection of Figs. 3 and 4 of Hung -2000"
Ching-Shui;Landslide;Taiwan;Overtopping;90;4,00E+07;90;4,00E+07;7,78E+03;Slope-area, unknown location;;;Chang (1984), Taiwan Council for Economic Development, 1993 written comm. to J. E. Costa;Also reported as Chin-Shui-Chi River
Yigong River;Landslide;Tibet;Overtopping;55,1;3,00E+09;54;3,00E+09;1,20E+05;Gauged, 17 km downstream;;;Shang et al. -2003;
Trib. of Granite Creek;Landslide;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;26;2,52E+07;26;2,52E+07;1,66E+03;Slope-area, 11 km downstream;;;Lamke (1972), Costa -1988;Lake volume estimated from reported dimensions
Foreman Creek;Landslide;USA, California;Unknown;7;2,00E+03;7;2,00E+03;8,00E+01;Gauged?;1,10E-01;Average for 1 min period;Weber et al. -1986;
Navarro River;Landslide;USA, California;Unknown;8,5;7,70E+05;5,5;5,43E+05;1,80E+02;Gauge, _20 km downstream;;;Sowma-Bawcom -1996;Breach depth estimated from reported post-breach lake data
Polallie Creek;Landslide;USA, Oregon;Overtopping;10,6;1,05E+05;10,6;1,05E+05;1,13E+03;Mean of slope-conveyance measurement range;;;Gallino and Pierson -1985;Total debris flow discharge (850Ð1400 cm) from downstream (0.5 km) slope-conveyance
N. Fork Toutle River;Landslide;USA, Washington;Overtopping;9;3,50E+05;9;3,10E+05;4,50E+02;Visual estimate at breach;3,80E-03;9 m over 40 min duration;Jennings et al. (1981), Costa and Schuster -1991;
N. Fork Toutle River;Landslide;USA, Washington;Overtopping;4,5;2,50E+06;4,5;2,47E+06;4,77E+02;Unknown;;;Costa and Schuster (1991);Jackson Lake triggered by inflow of North Fork Toutle River
Gros Ventre River;Landslide;USA, Wyoming;Overtopping;70;8,00E+07;15;5,40E+07;1,70E+03;Gauged, 240 km downstream;;;Malde -1968;
Lugge Tsho;Moraine;Bhutan;Unknown;147;1,06E+08;23;4,80E+07;;;;;Richardson and Reynolds (2000), Watanbe and Rothacher (1996), Yamada et al. -2004;
Lake Nostetuko;Moraine;Canada, British Columbia;Unknown;;;38,4;6,50E+06;5,70E+02;Gauged, 67 km downstream;;;Blown and Church 4 m wave triggered by ice (1985), Evans avalanche (1987), Clague and Evans -1994;
Queen Bess Lake ;Moraine;Canada, British Columbia;Ice avalanche wave;60;2,00E+07;9;6,50E+06;4,00E+03;Approx value from many methods at 1 km;;;Kershaw et al. -2005;Total lake volume estimated from inspection of Fig. 3 3500Ð4500 estimate for peak flow through breach (after overtopping wave)
Keppel Cove Tarn;Moraine;UK;Overtopping;10;1,24E+05;10;1,24E+05;1,08E+02;Step-backwater 0.1 km downstream;;;Carling and Glaister -1987;Overtopping triggered by precipitation
Moraine Lake No. 13 Almatinka River;Moraine;Kazahkstan;Piping?;8,2;9,64E+04;5,2;8,64E+04;2,10E+02;At breach reservoir outflow?;4,30E-03;Average for 20 min duration;Yesenov and Degovets -1979;"Sapping and retrograde erosion; evolved into 11 0 m3 s-1 debris flow; breach data from Fig. 1 of Yesenov and Degovets"
Dig Tsho;Moraine;Nepal;Ice avalanche wave;18;5,10E+06;18;5,10E+06;2,35E+03;Step-backwater, 4 km downstream;;;Galay (1985), Vuichard and Zimmermann (1987), Cenderelli and Wohl -2003;
Dudh Khosi Valley;Moraine;Nepal;Ice core melting?;30;4,90E+06;30;4,90E+06;1,90E+03;Step-backwater, 8.6 km downstream;;;Buchroithner et al. -1982 Fushimi et al. (1985), Cenderelli and Wohl -2003;
Tam Pokhari Glacier Lake;Moraine;Nepal;Ice avalanche wave;60;1,90E+07;52;1,77E+07;1,00E+04;Gauged, 65 km downstream minimum estimate because water above gauge;;;Dwivedi et al. (2000), Dwivedi (2006 written communication);Breach enlargement by retrograde erosion
Laguna Jancaruish Quebrada Los Cedros;Moraine;Peru;Ice avalanche wave;21;8,00E+06;21;8,00E+06;7,50E+03;Downstream estimate, unknown method;;;Lliboutry et al. -1977;Destroyed while outlet works under construction assumed that the entire lake emptied
Midui Lake;Moraine;Tibet;Ice avalanche wave;31;6,40E+06;19;5,40E+06;1,25E+03;Gauged? 1.8 km downstream;3,17E-02;ÔBursting duration is up to 10 minÕ;Li and You (1992), Ding and Liu (1992);
Boqu River;Moraine;Tibet;Piping;50;;32;1,90E+07;9,17E+03;"Manning equation; 6 km downstream";;;Xu (1988), Xu and Feng -1994;Evolved into debris flow maximum lake depth estimated from Fig. 3 of Xu and Feng
Demenhai Lake;Moraine;Tibet;Ice avalanche 10 m wave;27;4,16E+06;17;3,70E+06;2,81E+03;Debris flow estimate 14 km downstream;;;Lu_ and Li -1986;
Gelhapuco;Moraine;Tibet;Ice avalanche wave;41;;41;2,34E+07;3,26E+03;Debris flow estimate 30 km downstream;;;Xu and Feng -1994;
Qunbixiama- Cho;Moraine;Tibet;;50;;50;1,24E+07;1,20E+03;Unknown determination 50 km downstream;;;Xu and Feng -1994;
Sangwang- Cho;Moraine;Tibet;Ice avalanche wave;40;;40;3,00E+08;1,00E+04;Unknown determination 120 km downstream;;;Xu and Feng -1994;
Longda-Cho;Moraine;Tibet;Unknown;22;;22;1,08E+07;3,10E+03;Debris flow estimate unknown location;;;Xu and Feng -1994;
Diller Glacier Wychus Creek;Moraine;USA, Oregon;Overtopping by excess precipitation;22,4;3,20E+05;22,4;3,20E+05;2,80E+02;"Debris flow estimate; 0.8 km downstream";;; OÕConnor et al. (2001);Debris flow
"Collier Glacier; White Branch";Moraine;USA, Oregon;excess Overtopping by meltwater?;10;6,70E+05;5,4;4,60E+05;5,00E+02;"Debris flow estimates; 0.5 km and 1.4 km downstream";;; OÕConnor et al. (2001);Debris flow
"East Bend Glacier; Crater Creek";Moraine;USA, Oregon;Ice avalanche?;18,1;3,40E+05;4,4;1,40E+05;2,00E+02;"Debris flow estimates;  0.5 km and 1.7 km downstream";;; OÕConnor et al. (2001);Debris flow (lake volume reported in OÕConnor et al. 2001, Table 8.2 incorrect)
Chong Khumdan Glacier, Upper Shyok River;Ice;Pakistan;Subglacial tunnelling, then collapse;150;1,50E+09;150;1,50E+09;1,95E+04;Gauged, unknown distance downstream;;;Hewitt (1968, 1982);
Altai Mountains River Ob;Ice;Russia;Unknown;650;6,07E+11;650;1,00E+12;1,00E+07;Step-backwater;;;Herget -2005;Supercedes Baker et al. -1993 Kuray flood analysis
Lake George;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;48,8;2,20E+09;48,8;2,20E+09;1,02E+04;Gauged, 27 km downstream;;;Hulsing (1981), Lipscomb (1989);Maximum lake level measured on 13 July peak flow 18 July
Lake George;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;35,1;1,10E+09;35,1;1,10E+09;6,32E+03;Gauged, 27 km downstream;;;Hulsing (1981), Lipscomb (1989);
Lake George;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;41,2;1,50E+09;41,2;1,50E+09;9,29E+03;Gauged, 27 km downstream;;;Hulsing (1981), Lipscomb (1989);
Lake George;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;43,3;1,70E+09;43,3;1,70E+09;1,01E+04;Gauged, 27 km downstream;;;Hulsing (1981), Lipscomb (1989);
Lake George;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;29,3;7,40E+08;29,3;7,40E+08;4,67E+03;Gauged, 27 km downstream;;;Hulsing (1981), Lipscomb (1989);
Lake George;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;29,9;8,60E+08;29,9;8,60E+08;6,12E+03;Gauged, 27 km downstream;;;Hulsing (1981), Lipscomb (1989);
Lake George;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;32;1,10E+09;32;1,10E+09;6,69E+03;Gauged, 27 km downstream;;;Hulsing (1981), Lipscomb (1989);
Russell Fiord;Ice;USA, Alaska;Unknown;25,5;5,40E+09;25,5;5,40E+09;1,13E+05;Reservoir outflow, 1 hr average;;;Mayo (1989), Trabant et al. (2003);Peak discharge 6 hr after erosion begins
Russell Fiord;Ice;USA, Alaska;Overtopping;14,9;3,10E+09;14,9;3,10E+09;5,20E+04;Reservoir drawdown, 0.5 hr average;;;Trabant et al. (2003);Peak discharge 21 hr after initial erosion of breach
Missoula Flood;Ice;USA, Idaho;Unknown;525;2,20E+12;525;2,20E+12;1,70E+07;Step-backwater;;;OÕConnor and Baker -1992;
Tadami River (Numaza- wako);Volcanic;Japan;Overtopping;100;1,70E+09;70;1,60E+09;2,70E+04;Mean of 5 competence estimates 11.4Ð17.8 km downstream;;;Kataoka et al. (2008);15 km of valley filled by ignimbrite
Magdalena River (El Chichon);Volcanic;Mexico;Overtopping;10;4,80E+07;10;4,80E+07;1,10E+04;Calibrated dam-break modelling;;;Macias et al. (2004);Dammed 10 m above previous level by hot pyroclastic flow lake emptied in 1Ð2 hr
Tarawera River;Volcanic;New Zealand;Unknown;118;4,00E+09;40;1,70E+09;5,00E+05;Competence;;;Hodgson and Nairn -2005;Dammed 30 m above previous level by pyroclastic flow present lake depth from http://www.ebop.govt.nz/ Water/Lakes/Lake-Statistical- Information.asp
Tarawera River;Volcanic;New Zealand;Unknown;91;2,44E+09;3,35;1,40E+08;7,00E+02;Gauged;;;Hodgson and Nairn -2005;Dammed 12.8 m by reworked pyroclastic material released volume estimated by multiplying reported lake area by lake fall
Marella River (Mapanuepe Lake);Volcanic;Philippines;Overtopping;15;;6;3,60E+06;5,30E+02;Measured, unspecified location;;;Umbal and Rodolfo, 1996;Dammed by lahars generated from pyroclastic flows
Marella River (Mapanuepe Lake);Volcanic;Philippines;Overtopping;24;7,50E+07;6,5;4,70E+06;6,50E+02;Measured, unspecified location;;;Umbal and Rodolfo, 1996;Dammed by lahars generated from pyroclastic flows
Marella River (Mapanuepe Lake);Volcanic;Philippines;Overtopping;22;4,00E+07;2,5;1,80E+06;3,90E+02;Measured, unspecified location;;;Umbal and Rodolfo, 1996;Dammed by lahars generated from pyroclastic flows
Colorado River;Volcanic;USA, Colorado;Unknown;302;1,10E+10;302;1,10E+10;5,30E+05;Step-backwater;;;Fenton et al. (2006);Dammed by lava flow dam height 140Ð366 m, flood data from Ôscenario AÕ of Fenton et al.
Williamson River (Mazama);Volcanic;USA, Oregon;Unknown;21;6,50E+09;17;5,70E+09;1,30E+04;Competence;;;Conaway -1999;Existing lake further dammed 12 m by pyroclastic flow lake eroded divide below previous outlet
Mhlanga;Estuary;South Africa;;2,5;7,50E+05;2,5;7,50E+05;2,10E+02;Water-level recording;;Breach width 30 m;Parkinson and Stretch -2007 (Table 8.2);
Wamberal;Estuary;South Africa;;2,8;1,38E+06;2,8;1,38E+06;1,05E+02;Water-level recording;;;Parkinson and Stretch -2007 (Table 8.2);Artificially breached
Bot;Estuary;South Africa;;2,7;3,00E+07;2,7;3,00E+07;3,30E+02;;;;Parkinson and Stretch -2007 (Table 8.2);
Lake Bonneville;Tectonic;USA, Idaho;Overtopping or sapping;300;6,50E+12;108;4,75E+12;1,00E+06;Step backwater;;;Jarrett and Malde (1987), OÕConnor (1993);Bonneville volume and depth from Fig. 16 of Currey (1990)
Crooked Creek;Tectonic;USA, Oregon;Unknown;68;4,00E+10;12;1,13E+10;1,00E+04;Critical flow at outlet;;;Carter et al. (2006);Spillover of closed tectonic basin total lake volume estimated from dimensions and reported spill volume
"Waikato River; Lake Taupo";Caldera;New Zealand;Unknown;198;8,00E+10;32;1,99E+10;2,21E+04;Competence, 14.3 km downstream;;;;
"Waikato River; Lake Taupo";Caldera;New Zealand;Unknown;330;1,10E+11;75;6,00E+10;1,00E+05;Competence, 12 km downtream;;;Manville and Wilson (2004), Manville et al. (2007);Lake volumes estimated from data reported in Manville et al. (2007)
Whangaehu River, Mount Ruapehu, Crater Lake;Caldera;New Zealand;Unknown;;;7,9;1,80E+06;2,00E+03;Calibrated dam-break modelling;;;Manville (2004);
Whangaehu River, Mount Ruapehu, Crater Lake;Caldera;New Zealand;Piping?;134;1,30E+07;6,3;1,40E+06;5,30E+02;Lake drawdown at outlet;3,70E-04;Lake emptied in less than 90 min;Manville et al. (2007), Manville and Cronin (2007), Manville pers. comm., 11/02/2008;Crater lake breach, tephra barrier, eroded to lava-rock sill
Pinatubo Caldera;Caldera;Philippines;Overtopping;175;1,61E+08;23;6,50E+07;3,00E+03;Unknown;;;Lagmay et al. (2007), Antonia et al. (2003);
Aniakchak River;Caldera;USA, Alaska;Unknown;183;3,70E+09;183;3,70E+09;1,00E+06;Step backwater at 1 km;;;Waythomas et al. (1996);
;Caldera;;;;;;;;;;;;
;Caldera;;Unknown;150;5,80E+09;150;5,80E+09;1,90E+06;Unknown;;;Wolfe and Bege_t (2002);ÔMaximum possible dischargeÕ perhaps from critical flow calculation at breach
Crater Creek, Okmok Caldera, Umnak Island;Caldera;USA, Alaska;Unknown;8;;;;2,00E+04;Competence, 5 km downstream;;;Wolfe and Bege_t (2002);
Paulina Creek Paulina Lake, Newberry Caldera;Caldera;USA, Oregon;Unknown;78;3,20E+08;2;1,24E+07;2,00E+02;Critical flow (110Ð280 m3 s-1 ) at downstream fall;;;Chitwood and Jensen -2000;Release volume estimated from lake area present lake depth and volume from Johnson et al. -1985
Oros;Earthfill;Brazil;Overtopping;35,8;6,60E+08;35,8;6,60E+08;9,63E+03;Unknown;1,20E-03;Formation time 8.5 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Salles Oliveira;Earthfill;Brazil;Overtopping;38,4;7,15E+07;38,4;7,15E+07;7,20E+03;Unknown;5,30E-03;Failure time 2 hr;Wahl (1998);
Lake Ha! Ha!;Earthfill;Canada, Quebec;Overtopping;;;10,6;6,00E+07;1,02E+03;Lake drawdown, includes 160 inflow;;;Capart et al. (2007);Earthen dike, increasing level of lake
Bradfield Dam;Earthfill;UK;Piping;;;29;3,20E+06;1,13E+03;Unknown;1,61E-02;Failure in less than 30 min;Costa (1988), Macchione and Sirangelo (1990), Wahl -1998;
Eigiau;Earthfill;UK;Unknown;;;10,5;4,50E+06;4,00E+02;Unknown (ÔsurveyedÕ);;;Macchione and Sirangelo -1990;
Ashalim Dam;Earthfill;Israel;Piping?;8;5,00E+05;8;5,00E+05;6,50E+02;600Ð700 slope-area, 1 km downstream;;;Greenbaum (2007);Earthen dam, 14 m high, overtopping unlikely
Butler;Earthfill;USA, Arizona;Overtopping;;;7,16;2,38E+06;8,10E+02;Slope-area, 600 m downstream;;;Froehlich (1995);
Baldwin Hills;Earthfill;USA, California;Subsidence;;;12,2;9,10E+05;1,13E+03;Reservoir outflow, 15 min average;1,03E-02;Formation time 0.33 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Macchione and Sirangelo (1990), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Davis Reservoir ;Earthfill;USA, California;Piping;11,9;5,80E+07;11,6;5,80E+07;5,10E+02;Unknown;5,00E-04;Maximum development 7 hr;Ponce (1982), MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Wahl (1998);
Hell Hole;Earthfill;USA, California;Piping;;;35,1;3,06E+07;7,36E+03;Reservoir outflow, 1 hr average;1,30E-02;Formation time 0.75 hr;Scott and Gravlee (1968), MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Lake Frances;Earthfill;USA, California;Piping;;;14;7,89E+05;;Failure time 1 hr;3,40E-03;;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Wahl (1998);
Pud- dingstone;Earthfill;USA, California;Overtopping;15,2;6,17E+05;15,2;6,17E+05;4,80E+02;Reservoir outflow, 15 min average;1,69E-02;Formation time 0.25 hr;Ponce (1982), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Apishapa;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Piping;;;28;2,22E+06;6,85E+03;Reservoir outflow, 15 min average;1,04E-02;Formation time 0.75 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Macchione and Sirangelo (1990), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Castlewood;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Overtopping;21,6;6,17E+06;21,6;6,17E+06;3,57E+03;Reservoir outflow, 15 min average;1,80E-02;Maximum development 0.33 hr ;MacDonald and  Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Ireland No. 5;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Piping;;;3,81;1,60E+04;1,10E+02;Slope-area;2,10E-03;Formation time 0.5 hr;Froehlich (1995);
;Earthfill;;;;;;;;;;;;
 Lawn Lake;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Piping;;;6,71;7,98E+05;5,10E+02;Calibrated dam-break model;;;Jarrett and Costa (1986), Wahl (1998);
Lily Lake;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Piping;;;3,35;9,25E+04;7,10E+01;Slope-area;;;Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Lower Latham;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Piping;;;5,79;7,08E+06;3,40E+02;Slope-area;1,10E-03;Formation time 1.5 hr;Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Prospect;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Piping;;;1,68;3,54E+06;1,16E+02;Resevoir outflow;1,90E-04;Formation time 2.5 hr;Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);Breach width 88.4 m
Schaeffer;Earthfill;USA, Colorado;Overtopping;30,5;4,44E+06;30,5;4,44E+06;4,50E+03;"Slope-area; 13 km downstream";1,52E-02;Completely drained in 0.5 hr;Costa (1988);
Martin Cooling Pond Dike;Earthfill;USA, Florida;Foundation defect;;;8,53;1,36E+08;3,12E+03;Unknown;;;Wahl (1998);
Kelly Barnes Lake;Earthfill;USA, Georgia;Piping;;;11,3;7,77E+05;6,80E+02;"Slope-area; 250 m downstream";6,30E-03;Failure time 0.5 hr;Ponce (1982), MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Sinker Creek;Earthfill;USA, Idaho;Mass movement (Ôseepage slideÕ);21,3;3,30E+06;21,3;3,30E+06;;;3,00E-03;Failure time 2 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Wahl (1998);
Teton Dam;Earthfill;USA, Idaho;Piping;;3,10E+08;77,4;3,10E+08;6,51E+04;"Slope-area; 4 km downstream";1,72E-02;Formation time 1.25 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995);
Mill River;Earthfill;USA, Massachusetts;Unknown;;;13,1;2,50E+06;1,65E+03;Unknown;;;Costa (1988);
French Landing;Earthfill;USA, Michigan;Piping;;;8,53;3,87E+06;9,29E+02;Reservoir outflow 1 hr average;4,00E-03;Formation time 0.58 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Fred Burr;Earthfill;USA, Montana;Piping;;;10,2;7,50E+05;6,54E+02;Slope-area unknown distance downstream;;;Costa (1988) Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Frenchman Creek;Earthfill;USA, Montana;Piping;;;10,8;1,60E+07;1,42E+03;Unknown;;;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Lower Two Medicine;Earthfill;USA, Montana;Piping;11,3;2,96E+07;11,3;2,96E+07;1,80E+03;"Slope-area ;4 km downstream";;;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Swift;Earthfill;USA, Montana;Overtopping;57,6;3,70E+07;47,9;3,70E+07;2,50E+04;"Slope-area; 27 km downstream";5,32E-02;Maximum development time 0.5 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Wahl (1998);
Lake Avalon;Earthfill;USA, New Mexico;Piping;;;13,7;3,15E+07;2,30E+03;Unknown;1,90E-03;Failure time 2 hr;Ponce (1982), Macchione and Sirangelo (1990), Wahl (1998);
Elk City;Earthfill;USA, Oklahoma;Overtopping;9,44;1,18E+06;9,44;1,18E+06;6,10E+02;Unknown;;;Ponce (1982), Wahl (1998);
Porter Hill;Earthfill;USA, Oregon;Mass movement;;;2,5;1,50E+04;3,10E+01;"Manning equation; 150 m downstream";;;Costa and OÕConnor -1995;
Lake Latonka;Earthfill;USA, Pennsylvania;Mass movement;;;6,25;4,09E+07;2,90E+02;ÔsurveyedÕ;1,20E-03;Failure time 3 hr;Macchione and Sirangelo (1990), Ponce (1982), Wahl (1998);
Laurel Run;Earthfill;USA, Pennsylvania;Overtopping;14,1;5,55E+05;14,1;5,55E+05;1,05E+03;"Slope-area ;1.6 km downstream";;;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
North Branch Trib.;Earthfill;USA, Pennsylvania;Overtopping;5,5;2,20E+04;5,5;2,20E+04;2,91E+01;Slope-area;;;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Wahl (1998);
Otto Run;Earthfill;USA, Pennsylvania;Overtopping;;;5,8;7,40E+03;6,00E+01;Slope-area;;;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Wahl (1998);
Sandy Run;Earthfill;USA, Pennsylvania;Unknown;;;8,5;5,67E+04;4,35E+02;Unknown;;;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Wahl (1998);
South Fork (Johnstown);Earthfill;USA, Pennsylvania;Overtopping;24,6;1,89E+07;24,6;1,89E+07;8,50E+03;Reservoir outflow, 30 min average;9,10E-03;Reservoir emptied in 45 min (McCullough, p. 102);MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Froehlich (1995;
South Fork Tributary;Earthfill;USA, Pennsylvania;Overtopping, from upstream dam faulure;;3,70E+03;1,83;1,22E+02;1,22E+02;Slope-area;;;Wahl (1998);Very large inflow from upstream dam failure
Goose Creek;Earthfill;USA, South Carolina;Overtopping;;;1,37;1,06E+07;5,65E+02;Unknown;;Failure time 0.5 hr;Ponce (1982), MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Wahl (1998);Reported discharge seems implausible (Wahl, 1998)
DMAD;Earthfill;USA, Utah;Unknown;;;8,8;1,97E+07;7,93E+02;Reservoir outflow;;;Costa (1988);
Hatchtown;Earthfill;USA, Utah;Piping;;;16,8;1,48E+07;3,08E+03;Reservoir outflow 1 hr average;4,70E-03;Formation time 1 hr;;Discharge from Froehlich (1995)
Little Deer Creek;Earthfill;USA, Utah;Piping;;;22,9;1,36E+06;1,33E+03;Slope-area;1,93E-02;Formation time 0.33 hr;;
Quail Creek;Earthfill;USA, Utah;Piping;;;16,7;3,08E+07;3,11E+03;Reservoir outflow, 15 min average;4,60E-03;Formation time 1 hr;OÕNeill and Gourley (1991, U.S. Geological Survey, unpublished data), Froehlich (1995), Wahl (1998);
Buffalo Creek;Earthfill;USA, Virginia;Seepage;14;;14;4,84E+05;1,42E+03;Slope-area;7,80E-03;Failure time 0.5 hr;MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Costa (1988), Wahl (1998);Coal waste embankment
Centralia, Res. No. 3;Earthfill;USA, Washington;Unknown;5,2;1,33E+04;5,2;1,33E+04;7,10E+01;Slope-area;;;;
Unnamed;Earthfill;USA, Washington;Unknown;7,5;;5,5;6,06E+04;2,80E+02;Manning equation;;;Carson (2001, 2001 written commun.);
Wheatland no. 1;Earthfill;USA, Wyoming;"Mass movment;  piping";;;12,2;1,16E+07;;;2,30E-03;Formation time 1.5 hr;Ponce (1982), MacDonald and Langridge- Monopolis (1984), Wahl (1998);
Malpasset ;Concrete;France;Unknown;61;2,20E+07;61;2,20E+07;2,83E+04;Unknown;;;Costa (1988);Concrete arch
St Francis;Concrete;USA, California;Mass movement?;;;56,4;4,71E+01;1,98E+04;Slope-conveyance;;;Costa (1988), Rogers and McMahon (1993);Concrete gravity discharge is upper end of reported range
Test 3;Simulation;Austria;Overtopping;0,36;2,4;0,27;1,82;5,40E-02;Reservoir outflow;9,10E-03;Measured;Simmler and Samet (1982);Breach experiment, homogenous dam
Test 9;Simulation;Austria;Overtopping;0,3;1,97;0,195;1,32;6,80E-02;Reservoir outflow;8,40E-03;Measured;Simmler and Samet (1982);Breach experiment, central core
Test 10;Simulation;Austria;Overtopping;0,3;1,97;0,18;1,18;5,10E-02;Reservoir outflow;4,30E-03;Measured;Simmler and Samet (1982);Breach experiment, upstream lining
FAFUM;Simulation;Germany;Overtopping;0,22;6,95;0,16;4,55;2,40E-02;Calibrated weir;;;Bechteler and Kulisch (1994);Sand
IMPACT Lab. Trial Test 5 Series 1;Simulation;UK;Overtopping;0,5;1,80E+02;0,5;1,80E+02;7,80E-01;measured;2,00E-04;Measured;Breach Formation (WP2) Technical Report, Dec 2004 (www.IMPACT- project.net), accessed 13 Feb 2008;One representative experiment Series 1, test 5 intended to be equivalent to Field test #2
Poerua prototype;Simulation;New Zealand;Overtopping;0,65;0,7;0,35;0,475;1,30E-02;Measured;;Breach development time of 0.25 hr;Davies et al. (2007);Data from trial with Poerua prototype geometry
IMPACT Field test 2;Simulation;Norway;Overtopping;5;33000;5;3,30E+04;1,18E+02;Measured;1,67E-02;Vertical erosion complete in 5 min;Vaskinn et al. (2004), Breach Formation (WP2) Technical Report, Dec 2004 (www.IMPACT- project.net), accessed 13 Feb 2008;Breach experiment, homogeneous gravel dam
IMPACT Field test 3;Simulation;Norway;Overtopping;6;65000;6;6,50E+04;2,20E+02;Measured;1,00E-02;Breach developed in 10 min;See test 2;Rockfill with moraine core
Laboratory Sim. 1;Simulation;Peru;Overtopping;0,68;42,9;0,44;3,20E+01;;Reservoir outflow;;;Lee and Duncan (1975);1:250 model of 1974 Manntaro River landslide dam Lee and Duncan Table 8.2 values scaled only physical dimension data (volume, breach depth) used in analysis, since scaled discharge values seem unreasonable
Laboratory Sim. 2;Simulation;Peru;Overtopping;0,68;42,9;0,41;3,00E+01;;Reservoir outflow;;;See Sim. 1;As for Sim. 1
Laboratory Sim. 3;Simulation;Peru;Overtopping;0,68;42,9;0,38;3,00E+01;;Reservoir outflow;;;See Sim. 1;As for Sim. 1
Laboratory Sim. 4;Simulation;Peru;Overtopping;0,68;42,9;0,42;3,20E+01;;Reservoir outflow;;;See Sim. 1;As for Sim. 1
CEHIDRO Lab;Simulation;Portugal;Overtopping;0,5;2,7;0,05;3,25E-01;5,00E-03;Measured;;;Franca and Almeida (2002);Data from Fig. 5 example
A-1;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;6,00E-01;Measured;3,50E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill
A-2;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;2,84E-01;Measured;4,00E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill
A-3;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;4,63E-01;Measured;4,60E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill
B-1;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;1,78E-01;Measured;3,30E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill, finer
B-2;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;4,04E-01;Measured;5,50E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill, finer
B-3;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;3,63E-01;Measured;4,00E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill, finer
C-1;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;3,47E-01;Measured;2,90E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill, clay
C-2;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;4,40E-01;Measured;4,60E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill, clay
C-3;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,6;28;0,6;2,80E+01;4,05E-01;Measured;5,00E-03;Breach deformation time;Chinnarasri et al. (2004);Homogeneous earthfill, clay
Run 1;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,8;16;0,52;1,04E+01;;;1,25E-02;Measured maximum instantaneous rate vertical lowering;Chinnarasri et al. (2003);
Run 2;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,8;16;0,5;1,00E+01;;;8,50E-03;Measured maximum instantaneous rate vertical lowering;Chinnarasri et al. (2003);
Run 3;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,8;16;0,47;9,4;;;6,00E-03;Measured maximum instantaneous rate vertical lowering;Chinnarasri et al. (2003);
Run 5;Simulation;Thailand;Overtopping;0,8;16;0,42;8,4;;;5,00E-03;Measured maximum instantaneous rate vertical lowering;Chinnarasri et al. (2003);
ARS Embank- ment 1, Soil 1;Simulation;USA, Oklahoma;Overtopping;1,83;4000;1,83;4,00E+03;5,5;Measured;1,50E-03;ÔFormation stageÕ;Hanson et al. (2003);Sandy soil
ARS Embank- ment 1, Soil 2;Simulation;USA, Oklahoma;Overtopping;1,83;4000;1,83;4,00E+03;8,00E-01;Measured;3,00E-04;ÔFormation stageÕ;Hanson et al. (2003);Fine soil
ARS Embank- ment 2, Soil 1;Simulation;USA, Oklahoma;Overtopping;1,22;4000;1,22;4,00E+03;2;Measured;3,00E-04;ÔFormation stageÕ;Hanson et al. (2003);Sandy soil
ARS Embank- ment 2, Soil 2;Simulation;USA, Oklahoma;Overtopping;1,22;4000;1,22;4,00E+03;1;Measured;5,65E-05;ÔFormation stageÕ;Hanson et al. (2003);
ARS FS#1;Simulation;USA, Oklahoma;Overtopping;1,83;4000;1,83;4,00E+03;5,8;Measured;8,70E-04;ÔFormation stageÕ;Han et al. (2002);