Genus Syringophiloidus Kethley

Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970: 48. Type-species: Syringophilus minor Berlese, 1887, by original designation.

agelaius Bochkov, Skoracki, Hendricks and Spicer, 2011: 209, fig. 4. Type material. Holotype female at NMNH ( 2056340, 4).

Hosts and distribution. Agelaius phoeniceus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Icteridae), type-locality: USA, Arizona, Cibola National Wildlife Refuge (Bochkov et al. 2011).

Habitat. Unknown.

artamus Skoracki, 2004: 288, figs. 9–13.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 52.1), paratypes: females, nymphs, larva at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Artamus leucorynchus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Artamidae), type-locality: INDONESIA, Sumatra (Skoracki 2004 a); Artamus fuscus ( Artamidae), locality unknown, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2004 a).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

bombycillae Skoracki, 2002: 305, figs. 1–8.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (S-14.1.1), paratypes: females, males at AMU, ZISP, SMB. Hosts and distribution. Bombycilla garrulus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Bombycillidae), type-locality: SLOVAKIA, Bardejov ( Skoracki 2002 b); POLAND, Rychlik, ( AMU, ZISP, SNM) (Skoracki 2004 a). Habitat. Secondary feathers.

carolae Skoracki, Flannery and Spicer, 2009: 66, figs. 6–9.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females, nymphs at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Cardinalis cardinalis ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Cardinalidae), type-locality: USA, Texas, Jeff Davis Co. (Skoracki et al. 2009 b); Melanerpes formicivorus ( Piciformes: Picidae), USA, Texas, Hood Co., Jones Ranch, ( SNM, AMU) (Skoracki et al. 2009 b).

Habitat. Covert, secondary feathers.

carpodaci Bochkov and Apanaskevich, 2001: 323, fig. 3.

Type material. Holotype female at ZISP (T-Sy- 17), paratypes: females, males at ZISP, IPAS. Hosts and distribution. Carpodacus erythrinus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Fringillidae), type-locality: KAZAKHSTAN, South-Western Altai, Zyryanovskii Distr., near the village of Shumovsk ( Bochkov & Apanaskevich 2001); POLAND, ( AMU, ZISP, SNM) (Skoracki 2004 a), RUSSIA, ( ZISP) (Skoracki 2011 b). Habitat. Secondary feathers.

coccothraustes Skoracki, 2011: 82, figs. 57, 58.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 233), paratypes: females, male, nymphs, larvae at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Coccothraustes coccothraustes ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Fringillidae), type-locality: POLAND, Wielkopolskie, Katy near Poznan (Skoracki 2011 b).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

cypsiuri Fain, Bochkov and Mironov, 2000: 51, figs. 53–58.

Type material. Holotype female at MRAC ( 187369), paratypes: female, males, nymphs at MRAC, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Cypsiurus parvus ( type host) ( Apodiformes: Apodidae), type-locality: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, Kasai Prov. ( Fain et al. 2000).

Habitat. Unknown.

daberti Bochkov, Fain and Skoracki, 2004: 144, figs. 27–31.

Type material. Holotype female at IRSNB (Sy-T- 4), paratypes: females, male at IRSNB, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Passerina ciris ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Emberizidae), type-locality: MEXICO (Bochkov et al. 2004); P. ciris ( Emberizidae), USA, Texas, Tarrant Co., (at author’s collection) (Bochkov et al. 2011).

Habitat. Unknown.

delichonum Bochkov, 2001: 151, fig. 2.

Type material. Holotype female at ZISP (T-Sy- 18), paratypes: females, male at ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Delichon urbicum ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Hirundinidae), type-locality: RUSSIA, Kaliningrad Distr., Kurish Spit, Rybachyi (Bochkov 2001); POLAND, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2004 a). Habitat. Secondary feathers.

dendrocittae Fain, Bochkov and Mironov, 2000: 55, figs. 66–69. Type material. Holotype female at IRSNB ( 29040), paratypes: female, male, nymphs at IRSNB. Hosts and distribution. Dendrocitta vagabunda ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Corvidae), type-locality: EAST ASIA ( Fain et al. 2000).

Habitat. Unknown.

erythrurus Skoracki, 2004: 293, figs. 19–23.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 57), paratypes: female at AMU, ZISP, SNM. Hosts and distribution. Erythrura trichroa ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Estrildidae), type-locality: SPAIN, Tenerife (Skoracki 2004 a); Lonchura sp. ( Estrildidae), locality: unknown, ( AMU, ZISP, SNM) (Skoracki 2004 a). Habitat. Secondary feathers.

furthi Glowska and Schmidt, 2014: 61, figs. 6–11.

Type material. Holotype female at USNM, paratypes: females at AMU, USNM. Hosts and distribution. Terpsiphone rufiventer ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Monarchidae), type-locality: GABON, Ogooue Maritime Province, Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, NW corner of N'dogo Lagoon ( Glowska & Schmidt 2014 a).

Habitat. Unknown.

glandarii ( Fritsch, 1958): 235, fig. 6, Syringophilus minor glandarii Fritsch, 1958: 235, Syringophiloidus glandarii, Bochkov and Mironov 1998: 14.

Type material. Lost ( Kethley 1970).

Hosts and distribution. Garrulus glandarius ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Corvidae), type-locality: GERMANY ( Fritsch 1958); RUSSIA, ( ZISP) (Bochkov 2001); Pica pica ( Corvidae), JAPAN, ( AMU, ZISP, SNM) (Skoracki 2004 a); Corvus monedula ( Corvidae), KAZAKHSTAN, Ongtustik, Qazaqstan, (at author’s collection) ( Skoracki & Bochkov 2010); C. frugilegus ( Corvidae), KAZAKHSTAN, Ongtustik, Qazaqstan, (at author’s collection) ( Skoracki & Bochkov 2010).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

Remark: Specimens recorded on Delichon urbica and determined as S. glandarii ( Bochkov & Mironov 1998) belong to S. delichonum (Bochkov 2001). Specimens recorded on Coccothraustes coccothraustes and determined as S. glandarii ( Fritsch 1958) belong to S. coccothraustes (Skoracki 2011 b).

graculae Fain, Bochkov and Mironov, 2000: 51, figs. 59–65.

Type material. Holotype female at IRSNB ( 29039), paratypes: females, males, nymphs at IRSNB, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Gracula religiosa ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Sturnidae), type-locality: SOUTHEAST ASIA ( Fain et al. 2000).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

hirundinis Skoracki, Møller and Tryjanowski, 2003: 17, figs. 1–8.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (S-40.1.1), paratypes: females, males at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Hirundo rustica ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Hirundinidae), type-locality: ITALY, Milano (Skoracki et al. 2003); POLAND, near Olsztyn, ( AMU, ZISP, SNM) (Skoracki 2004 a), UKRAINE, Chernobyl, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), DENMARK, Kraghede, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), SPAIN, Badajoz, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b).

Habitat. Secondary and tail feathers.

jackowiaki Bochkov, Skoracki, Hendricks and Spicer, 2011: 208, fig. 2.

Type material. Holotype female at SNM ( 2056340, 2), female paratypes at SNM, AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Poecile carolinensis ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Paridae), type-locality: USA, Texas, Trinity Co., Davy Crocket National Forest (Bochkov et al. 2011).

Habitat. Unknown.

klimovi Skoracki and Bochkov, 2010: 61, figs. 26–34.

Type material. Holotype female at ZISP (AVB 07- 2610 - 122), paratypes: females, male at ZISP, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Chloris chloris ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Fringillidae), type-locality: KAZAKHSTAN, Ongtustik, Qazaqstan ( Skoracki & Bochkov 2010).

Habitat. Unknown.

microcerculus Sikora and Skoracki, 2012: 58, figs. 1–6.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 349), female paratypes at AMU, ZISP, ZSM. Hosts and distribution. Microcerculus marginatus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Troglodytidae), type-locality: BRAZIL, Para, Peixe-Boi (Sikora & Skoracki 2012).

Habitat. Unknown.

minor ( Berlese, 1887), Syringophilus bipectinatus minor Berlese, 1887: 10; Syringophilus minor minor, Fritsch 1958: 235, fig. 5; Syringophiloidus minor, Kethley 1970: 50, figs. 28, 29.

Type material. Lost ( Kethley 1970).

Hosts and distribution. Passer domesticus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Passeridae), type-locality: EUROPE ( Berlese 1887); ENGLAND, ( HRML) ( Kethley 1970), SLOVAKIA, Kurov, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), CROATIA, Split, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), JORDAN, Al- Dhleil near Amman, ( AMU) ( Glowska et al. 2007), USA, ( HRML) ( Clark 1964), POLAND, Zachodniopomorskie, Darlowko Wschodnie, ( AMU, SNB) (Skoracki 2004 a), RUSSIA, ( ZISP) ( Bochkov & Mironov 1998), KIRGHIZIA, Bishkek, ( ZISP, AMU) ( Bochkov & Galloway 2001), GERMANY, (lost) ( Fritsch 1958), CHINA, (at author’s collection) ( Liu Bai-li 1988), CANADA, Manitoba, Winnipeg, (at author’s collection) ( Bochkov & Galloway 2001); Passer montanus ( Passeridae), RUSSIA, environs of Sankt Petersburg, Gumbaritsy village, ( ZISP) ( Bochkov & Mironov 1998); P. hispaniolensis ( Passeridae), JORDAN, Al-Dhleil near Amman, ( AMU) ( Glowska et al. 2007); Serinus capistratus ( Fringillidae), CONGO, ( MRAC, AMU) ( Skoracki & Dabert 2002). Habitat. Secondary, tertial, covert and tail feathers.

molothrus Skoracki, Flannery and Spicer, 2009: 66, figs. 1–5. Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratype: nymph at AMU. Hosts and distribution. Molothrus ater ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Icteridae), type-locality: USA, Texas, Hood Co. (Skoracki et al. 2009 b).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

montanus Skoracki, 2002: 310, figs. 17–23.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (S-16.1.1), paratypes: female, males, nymphs at AMU, ZISP, SMB. Hosts and distribution. Passer montanus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Ploceidae), type-locality: SLOVAKIA, Bardejov ( Skoracki 2002 b).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

oriolus Skoracki, 2004: 283, figs. 1–8.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 51.1), paratypes: females, males, larva at AMU, ZISP, SNM. Hosts and distribution. Oriolus oriolus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Oriolidae), type-locality: WESTERN EUROPE (Skoracki 2004 a); O. chinensis ( Oriolidae), CHINA, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b). Habitat. Secondary feathers.

parapresentalis Skoracki, 2011: 63, figs. 42, 43.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 187 B), paratypes: females, males, nymphs at AMU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Turdus merula ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Turdidae), type-locality: POLAND, Wielkopolskie, Jeziory, near Poznan (Skoracki 2011 b); JORDAN, Al-Dheli, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), KAZAKHSTAN, Ongtustik, Qazaqstan, ( ZISP, AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b); T. pilaris ( Turdidae), POLAND, Pomorskie, Mierzeja Wislana, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), SLOVAKIA, Preshov, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), RUSSIA, Novogrod Prov., ( ZISP) (Skoracki 2011 b); T. iliacus ( Turdidae), RUSSIA, Sankt Petersburg, Gumbaritsy village, ( ZISP) (Skoracki 2011 b); T. atrogularis ( Turdidae), KAZAKHSTAN, Ongtustik, Qazaqstan, ( ZISP, AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b).

Habitat. Covert and tertial feathers.

petronicus Skoracki, 2011: 45, figs. 26–28.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 190), paratypes: females, male, nymph at AMU, ZISP, ZSM. Hosts and distribution. Petronia petronia ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Passeridae), type-locality: ITALY (Skoracki 2011 b).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

philomelosus Skoracki, 2011: 43, figs. 24, 25.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (SYR. 186), female paratypes at AMU, ZISP, ZSM. Hosts and distribution. Turdus philomelos ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Turdidae), type-locality: JORDAN, Al- Dhleil near Amman (Skoracki 2011 b).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

picidus Skoracki, Klimovičová Muchai and Hromada 2014: 184, figs. 4, 5.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr. 445), paratypes female and male at AMU, ZISP, NMK. Hosts and distribution. Dendropicos fuscescens ( type host) ( Piciformes: Picidae), type-locality: KENYA, Mutanda ( Skoracki et al. 2014 a); D. fuscescens ( Picidae), UGANDA, Bombo, ( AMU) ( Skoracki et al. 2014 a), UGANDA, Masindi, Bunyoro District, ( AMU) ( Skoracki et al. 2014 a), TANZANIA, Songea, ( AMU) ( Skoracki et al. 2014 a).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

presentalis Chirov and Kravtsova, 1995: fig. 4.

Type material. Lost (Skoracki 2011 b).

Hosts and distribution. Sturnus vulgaris ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Sturnidae), KIRGHIZIA, Bishkek ( Chirov & Kravtsova 1995), POLAND, Zachodniopomorskie, Swinoujscie, ( AMU, ZISP) (Skoracki 2011 b), SLOVAKIA, Bardejov, ( AMU) (Skoracki 2011 b), FRANCE, Brittany, Cotes d’Armor ( ZISP) [This specimen was previously incorrectly determined as S. minor by Bochkov & Mironov ( 1998)].

Habitat. Covert and secondary feathers.

Remarks. This species was also reported from Garrulus glandarius ( Bochkov & Mironov 1998), but after reexamination it was assigned to S. glandarii (Bochkov 2001). In Glowska et al. ( 2007) this species was incorrectly reported from Turdus merula. The mites inhabiting this host belong to S. parapresentalis (Skoracki 2011 b).

pseudonigritae Glowska, Dragun-Damian and Dabert 2012: 65, figs. 1–6. Type material. Holotype female at AMU.

Hosts and distribution. Pseudonigrita arnaudi ( type host) ( Passeriformes, Ploceidae), type-locality: unknown. Habitat. Unknown.

GenBank Accession no.: JX 266447 ( COI gene fragment), voucher no. EG 543 ( Glowska et. al. 2012 a).

quetzali Skoracki, Mironov and Unsoeld, 2013: 292, figs. 1–3.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females, males at AMU, ZISP, ZSM. Hosts and distribution. Pharomachrus mocinno ( type host) ( Trogoniformes: Trogonidae), type-locality: GUATEMALA ( Skoracki et al. 2013 b); Pharomachrus antisianus ( Trogonidae), ECUADOR, ( AMU, ZSM) ( Skoracki et al. 2013 b).

Habitat. Secondary covert feathers.

seiuri ( Clark, 1964), Syringophilus seiuri Clark, 1964: 81, figs. 24, 25; Syringophiloidus seiurus, Kethley 1970: 50; S. seiuri, Bochkov & Galloway 2001: 2025, fig. 9.

Type material. Holotype lost, paratypes at author’s collection ( Kethley 1970).

Hosts and distribution. Seiurus aurocapilla ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Parulidae), type locality: USA, Maryland ( Clark 1964), USA, Florida and South Carolina ( Kethley 1970); Helmitheros Oreothlypis ( Parulidae), USA ( Clark 1964); Melospiza melodia ( Emberizidae), USA ( Clark 1964); Melospiza lincolnii ( Emberizidae), USA, Texas, Johnson Co. (Bochkov et al. 2011); Oreothypis ruficapilla ( Parulidae), USA, California (Bochkov et al. 2011); Quelea erythrops ( Passeriformes: Ploceidae), TOGO, Evou, ( MRAC, AMU) ( Skoracki & Dabert 2002); Pachyphantes superciliosus ( Passeridae), TOGO, Kamina, ( MRAC, AMU) ( Skoracki & Dabert 2002); Ploceus baglafecht ( Ploceidae), CONGO Kivu Butembo, ( MRAC, AMU) ( Skoracki & Dabert 2002); Ploceus xanthops ( Ploceidae), KENYA, Yimbo, ( AMU, LMEE) (Klimovičová et al. 2014 a).

serini Bochkov, Fain and Skoracki, 2004: 144, figs. 32–37.

Type material. Holotype female at Fain’s collection (Sy-T- 5), paratypes: females, male IRSNB, ZIN and AMU. Hosts and distribution. Serinus mozambicus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Fringillidae), type-locality: CENTRAL AFRICA (Bochkov et al. 2004).

Habitat. Unknown.

stawarczyki Skoracki, 2004: 291, figs. 14–18.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU (Syr.55.1), paratypes: females, nymphs at AMU, ZIN. Hosts and distribution. Euphonia cyanocephala ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Emberizidae), type-locality: BRAZIL (Skoracki 2004 a); Tachyphonus rufus ( Emberizidae), BRAZIL, ( AMU, ZIN) (Skoracki 2004 a). Habitat. Unknown.

tarnii Skoracki and Sikora, 2002: 2, figs. 1–9.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females, males, nymphs at AMU, SMB, ZIN. Hosts and distribution. Pteroptochos tarni ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Rhinocryptidae), type locality: ARGENTINA, El Bolson, Rio Negro ( Skoracki & Sikora 2002).

Habitat. Covert feathers.

teledromas Sikora, Kaszewska and Skoracki, 2014: 420, figs. 1–3.

Type material. Holotype female at AMU, paratypes: females, males at ZSM, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Teledromas fuscus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Rhinocriptidae), type-locality: ARGENTINA, Rio Negro, Cipolletti, Neuquén (Sikora et al. 2014).

Habitat. Unknown.

thryothorus Skoracki, Flannery and Spicer, 2009: 69, figs. 14–18. Type material. Holotype female at NMNH, paratypes: females at NMNH, AMU. Hosts and distribution. Thryothorus ludovicianus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Troglodytidae), type-locality: USA, Texas, Hood (Skoracki et al. 2009).

Habitat. Secondary feathers.

weiszii Skoracki, Hromada and Tryjanowski, 2001: 30, figs. 1, 2, 6–8. Type material. Holotype female at AMU (S 54 / 66 - 1), paratypes: females at AMU, SMB, USIMC. Hosts and distribution. Lanius excubitor ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Laniidae), type locality: SLOVAKIA, Bardejov (Skoracki et al. 2001 b).

Habitat. Greater covert feathers.

xanthocephalus Bochkov, Skoracki, Hendricks and Spicer, 2011: 208, fig. 3. Type material. Holotype female at SNM ( 2056340, 3), paratypes: females at SNM, AMU, SFSU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Icteridae), type-locality: USA, Arizona, Cibola National Wildlife Refuge (Bochkov et al. 2011).

Habitat. Unknown.

zonotrichia Bochkov, Skoracki, Hendricks and Spicer, 2011: 203, fig. 1.

Type material. Holotype female at SNM (2056340. 1), female paratypes at SNM, AMU, SFSU, ZISP. Hosts and distribution. Zonotrichia albicollis ( type host) ( Passeriformes: Emberizidae), type-locality: USA, Texas, Johnson Co., Garen Ranch (Bochkov et al. 2011).

Habitat. Unknown.