(Figs 14 E 1, E 2, E 3, E 4, 16 A)
Derostoma typhlops Vejdovský 1880: 503; Lippitsch 1889: 164; Fuhrmann 1894: 278, 281; Vejdovský 1895: 113 –114, 119, 125, 127– 130, plate 5 Figs 38–40, plate 6 Fig. 44; Dorner 1902: 493; Sekera 1904: 440 –441, 443; Brinkmann 1906: 134, 136.
Derostoma? typhlops Graff 1882: 367, 370.
Phaenocora typhlops Hofsten 1907: 550; Graff 1909: 93, 95, Fig. 191; Hofsten 1911: 38, 45; Graff 1913: 135, 145–156, Fig. 147; Luther 1918: 49; Nasonov 1919: 625, 634, 1043; Luther 1921: 4 –35, 37, TextFigs 1–14, plate 1 Figs 1–12; Beklemischev 1921: 641, plate 1 Figs 10 a, 10 b; Nasonov 1926: 870; Beklemischev 1929: 534, 536–540, 542, 546, 550, 553; Gilbert 1935: 284 –286, 296–297, 302, 308, 312, 314–316, 318, 320, 325, 329, 331–332, 337, 340– 342, 346–349, 359 – 361, 363–365, 368 – 369, 377, TextFigs 3 Ga, 3 Gb, tables 1, 2; Beauchamp 1936: 149; Müller 1936: 254 –260; Gilbert 1937: 56 –57, 65– 68; Weise 1942: Fig. 71; Marcus 1946: 67 –68, 70– 73, 81, 166; Rixen 1961: 500 –501; Luther 1963: 127, 130–133, Fig. 43; Young 1970: 222 Fig. 4 F, table 1; Young 1973 a: 208 –210, 212, 219– 221 tables 1–2, 5; Young 1973 b: 637 –643; Young & Harris 1973: 85 –88; Mack-Fira 1974: 249, 262; Young 1974 b: 373; Young 1974 a: 719 –731; Eaton & Young 1975: 50–75; Young & Eaton 1975: 225–239; Young 1975: 251–262; Young & Young 1976: 101; Heitkamp 1982: 142 –143; Müller & Faubel 1993: 377 –379, 387, tables 1, 2; Korgina 2002: table 1, Noreña et al. 2008: 10.
Phoenocora typhlops (incorrect subsequent spelling) Cognetti de Martiis 1916: 224, 233.
Phaenocora typhlops (incorrect subsequent spelling) Luther 1921: 30.
Phaenocora typhlops? Gamo & Noreña-Janssen 1998: table 1.
Phaenocora vjatkensis Nasonov 1919: 621 –622, 625, 633– 635, plate 1 Figs 11–13; Beklemischev 1921: 641; Stummer- Traunfels & Meixner 1930: 3396; Gilbert 1935: 284 –285, 346– 347, 359 –361, 368, 373, 377, TextFigs 3 Ha, 3 Hb, tables 1, 2; Gilbert 1937: 67; Marcus 1946: 72, 81, 166, Korgina 2002: table 1.
Known distribution: Widely distributed: many localities in Europe (also see Luther 1963 for localities and references): Bulychevo ( Russia) ( Nasonov 1919); United Kingdom and Ireland ( Young 1970), Crose Mere and The Mere, Ellesmere ( United Kingdom) ( Young 1973 b); Romania (see Mack-Fira 1974 for localities and references); Little Crosby, Lancashire ( United Kingdom) ( Young 1974 a; Young 1975); environment of Göttingen ( Germany) ( Heitkamp 1982); in the vicinity of Hamburg ( Germany); along the Elbe estuary (see Müller & Faubel 1993 for localities and references); upper Volga river basin ( Russia) ( Korgina 2002).
Asia: Siberia and Armenia (see Luther 1963 for localities and references); Lower Galilee ( Israel) temporal pools on Mount Kavus and Mount Shekhany ( Noreña et al. 2008) and a temporary, artificial pool in Hai Bar Carmel Nature Reserve ( Noreña et al. 2008).
Material examined: None.
Diagnosis: Animals up to 3 mm long. Visible eyes absent. Pigmentation appears brown-red or red-brown, sometimes hardly visible in case zoochlorellae are present. Male copulatory organ of the duplex-type IIIB. Spines of the penis papilla arranged into more or less irregular longitudinal rows. Spines of adjacent rows at the same level, forming transverse rows. Basal spines of the everted copulatory organ usually broader than those at its tip. Spines split at the base. Female genital system of the EVELINAE - type. A long burso-intestinal duct; intestinal bursa and female genital canal present.
Remarks: Textfigure 3 E from Gilbert ( 1935) is not a reproduction of P. vjatkensis (= P. typhlops) contrary to what is said in the legend (see also our notes on P. achaeorum).