ID,Document (full reference),Producer type,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,Main lever
D01,"Klapper, L., Singer, D., Starita, L., & Norris, A. (2025). The Global Findex Database 2025: Connectivity and financial inclusion in the digital economy. World Bank. https://www.findevgateway.org/paper/2025/07/global-findex-database-2025-connectivity-and-financial-inclusion-digital-economy",Thai official/news/survey and international reports,0,2,1,0,1,Default design
D02,Bank of Thailand. (2025). Financial stability report 2024. https://www.bot.or.th/content/dam/bot/documents/en/research-and-publications/reports/financial-stability-report/FSR2024e.pdf,Thai official/news/survey and international reports,0,0,0,0,2,Debt relief & sequencing
D03,"The Nation. (2026a, April 15). Thai household debt hits 86.7% of GDP as borrowing shifts to daily spending. The Nation Thailand. https://www.nationthailand.com/business/economy/40065070",Thai official/news/survey and international reports,0,0,1,0,2,Debt relief & sequencing
D04,"The Nation. (2026b, May 30). Thai planning agency sounds alarm over Gen Z debt surge triggered by influencers. The Nation Thailand. https://www.nationthailand.com/business/economy/40066842",Thai official/news/survey and international reports,1,0,0,0,2,Debt relief & sequencing
D05,Deloitte. (2025). 2025 Gen Z and millennial survey. Deloitte Global. https://www.deloitte.com/ch/en/about/press-room/gen-z-millennial-survey-2025.html,Thai official/news/survey and international reports,2,0,0,0,2,Debt relief & sequencing
D06,"Paweenawat, S. W., & Vechbanyongratana, J. (2026). Employment in Thailand, 2019–2024: Crisis, recovery and informality (WIEGO Statistical Brief No. 43). WIEGO. https://www.wiego.org/research-library-publications/employment-thailand-2019-2024-crisis-recovery-informality/",Thai official/news/survey and international reports,0,1,2,0,1,Coverage extension
D07,"Poonpolkul, P., Porapakkarm, P., & Wasi, N. (2024). Aging, inadequacy, and fiscal constraint: The case of Thailand. International Studies of Economics, 19(1), 35–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/ise3.66",Thailand research,0,2,2,1,0,Coverage extension
D08,"Witvorapong, N., Yoon, Y. J., & Pothisiri, W. (2022). Do expectations for post-retirement family and government support crowd out pre-retirement savings? Insights from the working-age population in Thailand. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 21(2), 218–236. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747220000360",Thailand research,1,1,0,2,0,Family & care
D09,"Ketkaew, C., Van Wouwe, M., Jorissen, A., Cassimon, D., Vichitthamaros, P., & Wongsaichia, S. (2022). Towards sustainable retirement planning of wageworkers in Thailand: A qualitative approach in behavioral segmentation and financial pain point identification. Risks, 10(1), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks10010008",Thailand research,2,1,1,1,2,Default design
D10,"Teerawichitchainan, B., & Pothisiri, W. (2021). Expansion of Thailand's social pension policy and its implications for family support for older persons. International Journal of Social Welfare, 30(4), 428–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12481",Thailand research,0,0,0,2,0,Family & care
D11,"Tejativaddhana, P., Chuakhamfoo, N. N., & Vo, T. H. M. (2022). A review of the long-term care policies under COVID-19 in Thailand's aging society: Implications for ASEAN countries. Public Administration and Policy, 25(1), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAP-02-2022-0013",Thailand research,0,0,0,2,0,Family & care
D12,"Tontisirin, N., Anantsuksomsri, S., & Laovakul, D. (2024). Spatial-temporal distribution of debt and delinquency of the elderly in Thailand: Perspectives from the National Credit Bureau data. PLOS ONE, 19(7), Article e0306626. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306626",Thailand research,0,0,0,1,2,Debt relief & sequencing
D13,"Mieruch, Y., & McFarlane, D. C. (2023). Gig economy riders on social media in Thailand: Contested identities and emergent civil society organisations. Voluntas, 34(6), 1232–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-022-00547-7",Thailand research,0,1,2,0,1,Coverage extension
D14,"Phansiri, P., & Pinyong, S. (2026). Informal workers' knowledge, understanding, and attitude towards the National Savings Fund (NSF). Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 8(10), Article 2026667. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026667",Thailand research,1,2,2,0,0,Default design
D15,"Laeheem, K., Lertpanyawiwat, N., & Janyam, K. (2026). Development of a pre-retirement planning program on subjective well-being for informal sector workers in Songkhla Province, Thailand. Societies, 16(5), Article 140. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc16050140",Thailand research,2,1,2,1,1,Information & framing
D16,"Kudrna, G., O'Keefe, P., & Piggott, J. (2021). Pension policy in emerging Asian economies with population ageing: What do we know, where should we go? (CEPAR Working Paper No. 2021/13). ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research. https://www.cepar.edu.au/sites/default/files/WP2021_13_Pension_Policy_In_Emerging_Economies.pdf",Asian and developing-country pensions,0,2,2,1,0,Coverage extension
D17,"Khai, T. S., Nkansah, J. O., Khan, A. W., & Asaduzzaman, M. (2024). Supporting ageing populations in developing countries: A comparative analysis of pension schemes and policy insights. Challenges, 15(2), Article 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe15020027",Asian and developing-country pensions,0,2,2,1,0,Coverage extension
D18,"Ghorpade, Y., Abdur Rahman, A., & Jasmin, A. F. (2024). Social insurance for gig workers: Insights from a discrete choice experiment in Malaysia. International Social Security Review, 77(3), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12365",Asian and developing-country pensions,0,2,2,0,1,Coverage extension
D19,"Abd Ghani, M. A. A., Awang, H., Ab Rashid, N. F., Yoong, T. L., Lung, T. C., Apalasamy, Y. D., Subbahi, K. F., & Mansor, N. (2023). Examining i-Sinar and i-Lestari withdrawals among Employees Provident Fund (EPF) members during COVID-19 crisis. Malaysian Journal of Consumer and Family Economics, 30(1). https://doi.org/10.60016/majcafe.v30.08",Asian and developing-country pensions,1,1,1,0,2,Default design
D20,"Choukhmane, T. (2025). Default options and retirement saving dynamics. American Economic Review, 115(11), 3749–3787. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20210881",International defaults and saving design,1,2,0,0,1,Default design
D21,"Cribb, J., & Emmerson, C. (2021). What can we learn about automatic enrollment into pensions from small employers? National Tax Journal, 74(2), 377–404. https://doi.org/10.1086/714113",International defaults and saving design,0,2,1,0,0,Default design
D22,"Beshears, J., Choi, J. J., Laibson, D., Madrian, B. C., & Skimmyhorn, W. L. (2022). Borrowing to save? The impact of automatic enrollment on debt. Journal of Finance, 77(1), 403–447. https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.13069",International defaults and saving design,0,2,0,0,2,Default design
D23,"Scott, J. S., Shoven, J. B., Slavov, S. N., & Watson, J. G. (2022). Is automatic enrollment consistent with a life cycle model? Economic Inquiry, 60(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.13040",International defaults and saving design,1,2,0,0,2,Debt relief & sequencing
D24,"Yanıkkaya, H., Aktaş Koral, Z., & Çitçi, S. H. (2023). The power of financial incentives versus the power of suggestion for individual pension: Are financial incentives or automatic enrollment policies more effective? Sustainability, 15(4), Article 3652. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043652",International defaults and saving design,1,2,1,0,0,Default design
D25,"Robalino, J. D., Fishbane, A., Goldstein, D. G., & Hershfield, H. E. (2023). Saving for retirement: A real-world test of whether seeing photos of one's future self encourages contributions. Behavioral Science & Policy, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/23794607231190607",Psychology and household finance,2,1,0,0,0,Information & framing
D26,"Mooney, L. A., & Best, R. (2025). Individual differences in retirement savings: The role of future self-continuity and numeracy. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 50(5), 829–835. https://doi.org/10.1177/01650254251368787",Psychology and household finance,2,0,0,0,0,Information & framing
D27,"Ruggeri, K., Panin, A., Vdovic, M., Većkalov, B., Abdul-Salaam, N., Achterberg, J., Akil, C., Amatya, J., Amatya, K., Andersen, T. L., Aquino, S. D., Arunasalam, A., Ashcroft-Jones, S., Askelund, A. D., Ayacaxli, N., Bagheri Sheshdeh, A., Bailey, A., Barea Arroyo, P., Basulto Mejía, G., . . . García-Garzon, E. (2022). The globalizability of temporal discounting. Nature Human Behaviour, 6(10), 1386–1397. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-022-01392-w",Psychology and household finance,2,0,0,0,1,Information & framing
D28,"de Bruijn, E.-J., & Antonides, G. (2022). Poverty and economic decision making: A review of scarcity theory. Theory and Decision, 92(1), 5–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11238-021-09802-7",Psychology and household finance,1,0,0,0,2,Debt relief & sequencing