Theme,Definition,Indicative markers,Exclusion rule
T1 Invisible future self,Psychological distance between present and future self; present bias; discounting; low felt value of retirement money,"Future self, self-continuity, discounting, present bias, ""too far away""","Mentions of age only, without temporal reasoning"
T2 Voluntary architecture without defaults,Saving requires repeated active choices; absence or presence of automatic enrolment; take-up and awareness of voluntary schemes,"Default, opt-in/opt-out, automatic enrolment, take-up, awareness",Mandatory schemes discussed only as background
T3 Informality and broken contribution histories,Employment without social-security coverage; job mobility; interrupted contributions; platform work,"Informal, gig, platform, Section 40, contribution history, eligibility",Informality statistics unrelated to pensions or saving
T4 Family as pension in a shrinking family,Reliance on children or kin for old-age support; fertility decline; care burden,"Family support, filial, children, care, Old Age Allowance vs family",General ageing statistics without family reference
T5 Competing present claims,"Debt, living costs, rent, liquidity needs, scarcity, early withdrawals","Household debt, NPL, credit card, scarcity, withdrawal, liquidity",Macroeconomic debt without household link