# Sources

- OWD. 2025. Share of primary energy consumption that comes from fossil fuels - Using the substitution method [dataset]. Energy Institute, “Statistical Review of World Energy” with major processing by Our World in Data (OWD) [original data]. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/fossil-fuels-share-energy

- OWD. 2026a. Primary Energy Consumption. [dataset]. U.S. Energy Information Administration, “International Energy Data”; Energy Institute, “Statistical Review of World Energy” with major processing by Our World in Data (OWD) [original data]. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/primary-energy-cons

- OWD. 2026b. Annual Change in Primary Energy Consumption. [dataset]. U.S. Energy Information Administration, “International Energy Data”; Energy Institute, “Statistical Review of World Energy” with major processing by Our World in Data (OWD) [original data]. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/change-energy-consumption

- UNECE. n.d.-a. Energy Intensity Level of Primary Energy, MJ per Constant 2021 PPP GDP. UN Global SDG Database. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE).  https://w3.unece.org/SDG/en/Indicator?id=24

- UNECE. n.d.-b. Renewable Energy Share in Total Final Energy Consumption, %. UN Global SDG Database. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). https://w3.unece.org/SDG/EN/INDICATOR?ID=23

- UNECE. n.d.-c. Installed Renewable Electricity-Generating Capacity, All Renewables, W/capita. UN Global SDG Database. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE).   https://w3.unece.org/SDG/en/Indicator?id=235

- World Bank. n.d.-a. GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $). World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.KD

- World Bank. n.d.-b. GHG emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e). World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.ALL.MT.CE.AR5

- World Bank. n.d.-c. Carbon Intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $ of GDP). World Bank. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.GHG.CO2.RT.GDP.PP.KD