Myriolecis incisa R. Mamut sp. nov.
Fig. 3
Etymology.
The epithet “ incisa ” refers to the incised apothecial margin of this new species.
Diagnosis.
The new species has whole cortex with bluish-green pigment (this part becoming pink in N) and epithecium shades of olive to dark brown (turning red in N). M. incisa is also well recognized by the small crenated apothecial margin.
Description.
Thallus crustose, moderately thick (0.1–0.3 mm), areolate to rimose, but not leprose, margin determinate, not or rarely pruinose, shades of brown to yellowish-brown or dark gray; Prothallus not visible. Apothecia usually numerous, lecanorine, sessile, densely covering most of thallus, emerging on the surface of thallus, 0.3–1.0 mm diameter, occurring singly; disc plane, almost black, epruinose to slightly pruinose; Thalline margin prominent, raised above discs, rough, incised to distinctly crenate, epruinose, most often white; Amphithecium present, with a discontinuous algal layer, algae sparse; cortex distinctly delimited, clearly expanded at the base, 45–60 μm wide laterally and 25–35 μm wide at the base, often obviously bluish pigmented and more intense and becoming pink in N, not granulose; Epithecium olive to dark brown, distinctly granular, granules superficial and between paraphyses tips (pol ±), slowly disappearing in K and also often turning red in N; Hymenium hyaline, 45–70 μm high; Subhymenium indistinct to distinct, hyaline, thin, 15–20 μm high; Hypothecium hyaline, 40–110 μm high, composed of gelatinized hyphae; Paraphyses slender, simple, thick, slightly expanded, distinctly septate, deep green pigmented at the tips, coherent in K. Asci clavate, 8 - spored; Ascospores hyaline, simple, ellipsoid, 7–13 × 4.5–8.5 μm. Pycnidia not seen.
Chemistry.
Apothecial margin K –, C –, KC –, PD –; disc K –, C –, KC –, PD –; No lichen products detected by TLC.
Habitat.
On calcareous rock.
Notes.
This species is easily recognizable due to its distinctly developed rimose-areolate thallus and its almost black, either epruinose or only slightly pruinose, apothecial disc with an incised margin. Additionally, the species carries a bluish-green pigment covering the entire cortex, along with shades of olive to dark brown in the epithecium that turns pink and red in N. These characteristics are not observed in other species of the same genus. Myriolecis incisa is similar to M. perpruinosa (Fröberg) Śliwa, Zhao Xin & Lumbsch and M. caesioalutacea (H. Magn.) R. Mamut.
However, M. perpruinosa usually has submoniliform paraphyses, an ash-gray thallus, and bluish-white pruina on the dark apothecial disc. In addition, M. perpruinosa has greenish cortex cell walls, with only the outer part of the cortex N + purple (Fröberg 1997; Śliwa 2007; Muchnik and Śliwa 2011). M. caesioalutacea is characterized by a bluish-white pruinose apothecial disc, a thallus-colored apothecial margin (ashy brown, brown to dark brown), and a thallus containing 2, 7 - dichlorolichexanthone (Magnusson 1940; Mamut et al. 2019). The new species is morphologically similar to M. hagenii in its epruinose to slightly whitish pruinose apothecial disc, which has an incised rather than distinctly crenate apothecial margin. However, M. hagenii differs from the new species by having small apothecia up to 0.8 mm diam., with an orange to reddish tint and a maroon to brown disc. M. hagenii also has a considerably thinner amphithecial cortex (Śliwa 2007; De la Rosa et al. 2012).
Type species.
China • Xinjiang, Kashkar, Kargilik County, Mt. Kunlun, 36°34'92"N, 77°00'36"E, 2880 m a. s. l, on rock, 30 Jun 2008, R. Mamut (holotype designated here 20080999).
Additional specimens examined.
China • Kashkar, Kargilik County, Mt. Kunlun, 2880 m a. s. l, 36°34'92"N, 77°00'36"E, on rock, 30 Jun 2008, R. Mamut 20080997, R. Mamut 20080998, R. Mamut 20080994, R. Mamut 20080995, R. Mamut 20080996, R. Mamut 20080986, R. Mamut 20080961 (XJU).
Ecology and distribution.
M. incisa is known only from the Kunlun Mountains. It grows on calciferous rock, often with other members of Myriolecis, for example, M. altunica R. Mamut and M. caesioalutacea and overgrowing or commensally on other lichens, for example, Caloplaca spp.
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Aktiebolaget, Thule & Stockholm." }, { "reference": "Mamut R, Li P, Abbas A, Fu C (2019) Morphology, Chemistry and molecular phylogeny revealed a new species and a new combination of Myriolecis (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) from China. The Bryologist 122: 375\u2013383. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-122.3.375" }, { "reference": "De la Rosa IN, Messuti MI, \u015aliwa L (2012) The Lecanora dispersa group (Lecanoraceae) in Argentina. 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