# Data Introduction

## `zs.npy`

- File name: `zs.npy`
- Variable: zs (terrain height)
- Data shape: (2001, 4501)
- X-grid: 2001
- Y-grid: 4501

## `sigma.npy`

- File name: `sigma.npy`
- Variable: theta (subgrid orographic standard deviation)
- Data shape: (2001, 4501)
- X-grid: 2001
- Y-grid: 4501

## `theta.npy`

- File name: `theta.npy`
- Variable: theta (subgrid orographic slope)
- Data shape: (2001, 4501)
- X-grid: 2001
- Y-grid: 4501

## `z0L_jan/p90.npy`

- File name: `z0L_jan/p90.npy`
- Variable: 90th percentile of z_0/L
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (31,)
- Month date: January 1-31

## `z0L_jan/p50.npy`

- File name: `z0L_jan/p50.npy`
- Variable: 50th percentile of z_0/L
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (31,)
- Month date: January 1-31

## `z0L_jan/p01.npy`

- File name: `z0L_jan/p01.npy`
- Variable: 1th percentile of z_0/L
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (31,)
- Month date: January 1-31

## `z0L_jul/p90.npy`

- File name: `z0L_jul/p90.npy`
- Variable: 90th percentile of z_0/L
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (31,)
- Month date: July 1-31

## `z0L_jul/p50.npy`

- File name: `z0L_jul/p50.npy`
- Variable: 50th percentile of z_0/L
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (31,)
- Month date: July 1-31

## `z0L_jul/p01.npy`

- File name: `z0L_jul/p01.npy`
- Variable: 1th percentile of z_0/L
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (31,)
- Month date: July 1-31

## `/data4tofdshare/ust_jan/ust2ctrl.npy`

- File name: `/data4tofdshare/ust_jan/ust2ctrl.npy`
- Variable: u_* the friction velocity
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (25, 6676931)
- Month: January
- Time: 12 UTC – 12 UTC
- Grid: 6676931 at locations where sigma > 2 m

## `/data4tofdshare/ust_jan/ust2xs23.npy`

- File name: `/data4tofdshare/ust_jan/ust2xs23.npy`
- Variable: u_* the friction velocity
- Data type: xs23 experiment
- Data shape: (25, 6676931)
- Month: January
- Time: 12 UTC – 12 UTC
- Grid: 6676931 at locations where sigma > 2 m

## `/data4tofdshare/ust_jan/ust2xs23.npy`

- File name: `/data4tofdshare/ust_jan/ust2xs23.npy`
- Variable: u_* the friction velocity
- Data type: xssa experiment
- Data shape: (25, 6676931)
- Month: January
- Time: 12 UTC – 12 UTC
- Grid: 6676931 at locations where sigma > 2 m

## `/data4tofdshare/ust_jul/ust2ctrl.npy`

- File name: `/data4tofdshare/ust_jul/ust2ctrl.npy`
- Variable: u_* the friction velocity
- Data type: ctrl experiment
- Data shape: (25, 6676931)
- Month: July
- Time: 12 UTC – 12 UTC
- Grid: 6676931 at locations where sigma > 2 m

## `/data4tofdshare/ust_jul/ust2xs23.npy`

- File name: `/data4tofdshare/ust_jul/ust2xs23.npy`
- Variable: u_* the friction velocity
- Data type: xs23 experiment
- Data shape: (25, 6676931)
- Month: July
- Time: 12 UTC – 12 UTC
- Grid: 6676931 at locations where sigma > 2 m

## `/data4tofdshare/ust_jul/ust2xs23.npy`

- File name: `/data4tofdshare/ust_jul/ust2xs23.npy`
- Variable: u_* the friction velocity
- Data type: xssa experiment
- Data shape: (25, 6676931)
- Month: July
- Time: 12 UTC – 12 UTC
- Grid: 6676931 at locations where sigma > 2 m

## `mean10windspeed_jan.npy,`

- File name: `mean10windspeed_jan.npy,`
- Data shape: (4, 5581)
- Month: January
- Variable: Month mean 10-m wind speed
- Data type: observation, ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Grid: 5581 stations

## `mean10windspeed_jul.npy,`

- File name: `mean10windspeed_jul.npy,`
- Data shape: (4, 5581)
- Month: July
- Variable: Month mean 10-m wind speed
- Data type: observation, ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Grid: 5581 stations

## `rmse4roughstation/ctrl_jan.npy`

- File name: `rmse4roughstation/ctrl_jan.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for rough the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: ctrl vs obs
- Month date: January 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4roughstation/xs23_jan.npy`

- File name: `rmse4roughstation/xs23_jan.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for rough the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xs23 vs obs
- Month date: January 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4roughstation/xssa_jan.npy`

- File name: `rmse4roughstation/xssa_jan.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for rough the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xssa vs obs
- Month date: January 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4roughstation/ctrl_jul.npy`

- File name: `rmse4roughstation/ctrl_jul.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for rough the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: ctrl vs obs
- Month date: July 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4roughstation/xs23_jul.npy`

- File name: `rmse4roughstation/xs23_jul.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for rough the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xs23 vs obs
- Month date: July 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4roughstation/xssa_jul.npy`

- File name: `rmse4roughstation/xssa_jul.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for rough the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xssa vs obs
- Month date: July 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4allstation/ctrl_jan.npy`

- File name: `rmse4allstation/ctrl_jan.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for all the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: ctrl vs obs
- Month date: January 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4allstation/xs23_jan.npy`

- File name: `rmse4allstation/xs23_jan.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for all the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xs23 vs obs
- Month date: January 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4allstation/xssa_jan.npy`

- File name: `rmse4allstation/xssa_jan.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for all the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xssa vs obs
- Month date: January 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4allstation/ctrl_jul.npy`

- File name: `rmse4allstation/ctrl_jul.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for all the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: ctrl vs obs
- Month date: July 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4allstation/xs23_jul.npy`

- File name: `rmse4allstation/xs23_jul.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for all the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xs23 vs obs
- Month date: July 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4allstation/xssa_jul.npy`

- File name: `rmse4allstation/xssa_jul.npy`
- Variable: 10-m Wind speed RMSE for all the stations
- Data shape: (31, 37)
- Data type: xssa vs obs
- Month date: July 1-31
- Time: 0-36 lead hours

## `rmse4sounding_jan.npy`

- File name: `rmse4sounding_jan.npy`
- Variable: RMSE of the low-level wind speed
- Data shape: (3, 6)
- Data type: ctrl vs obs, xs23 vs obs, and xssa vs obs
- Month: January
- Grid: 6 stations

## `rmse4sounding_jul.npy`

- File name: `rmse4sounding_jul.npy`
- Variable: RMSE of the low-level wind speed
- Data shape: (3, 15)
- Data type: ctrl vs obs, xs23 vs obs, and xssa vs obs
- Month: July
- Grid: 6 stations

## `sec_jan_day.npy`

- File name: `sec_jan_day.npy`
- Variable: mean zonal wind speed at 28° N during daytime
- Data shape: (3, 26, 4501)
- Month: January
- Data type: ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Lev: [1000.0, 975.0,950.0, 925.0, 900., 850.0, 800., 750.,700.0, 650.0, 600.0, 550.,500.0, 450., 400.0, 350., 300.0, 250.0, 200.0,150.0, 100.,70.,50.,30.,20.,10.]
- X-grid: 4501

## `sec_jan_night.npy`

- File name: `sec_jan_night.npy`
- Variable: mean zonal wind speed at 28° N during night
- Data shape: (3, 26, 4501)
- Month: January
- Data type: ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Lev: [1000.0, 975.0,950.0, 925.0, 900., 850.0, 800., 750.,700.0, 650.0, 600.0, 550.,500.0, 450., 400.0, 350., 300.0, 250.0, 200.0,150.0, 100.,70.,50.,30.,20.,10.]
- X-grid: 4501

## `sec_jan_day.npy`

- File name: `sec_jan_day.npy`
- Variable: mean meridional wind speed at 107° E during daytime
- Data shape: (3, 26, 2001)
- Month: July
- Data type: ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Lev: [1000.0, 975.0,950.0, 925.0, 900., 850.0, 800., 750.,700.0, 650.0, 600.0, 550.,500.0, 450., 400.0, 350., 300.0, 250.0, 200.0,150.0, 100.,70.,50.,30.,20.,10.]
- Y-grid: 2001

## `sec_jan_night.npy`

- File name: `sec_jan_night.npy`
- Variable: mean meridional wind speed at 107° E during night
- Data shape: (3, 26, 2001)
- Month: July
- Data type: ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Lev: [1000.0, 975.0,950.0, 925.0, 900., 850.0, 800., 750.,700.0, 650.0, 600.0, 550.,500.0, 450., 400.0, 350., 300.0, 250.0, 200.0,150.0, 100.,70.,50.,30.,20.,10.]
- Y-grid: 2001

## `rain_jan.npy`

- File name: `rain_jan.npy`
- Variable: 24-h precipitation
- Data shape: (4, 5582)
- Month: January
- Data type: obs, ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Grid: 5582 stations

## `rain_jul.npy`

- File name: `rain_jul.npy`
- Variable: 24-h precipitation
- Data shape: (4, 5582)
- Month: July
- Data type: obs, ctrl, xs23 and xssa
- Grid: 5582 stations

## `ets_jan.npy`

- File name: `ets_jan.npy`
- Variable: ets
- Data shape: (5, 3)
- Category: light precipitation [0.1, 10), moderate precipitation [10, 25), heavy precipitation [25, 50), torrential precipitation [50, 100), severe torrential precipitation [100, ∞) mm/day
- Data type: ctrl, xs23, xssa
- Month: January

## `ets_jul.npy`

- File name: `ets_jul.npy`
- Variable: ets
- Data shape: (5, 3)
- Category: light precipitation [0.1, 10), moderate precipitation [10, 25), heavy precipitation [25, 50), torrential precipitation [50, 100), severe torrential precipitation [100, ∞) mm/day
- Data type: ctrl, xs23, xssa
- Month: July