First genome assemblies and chromosome-level pseudomolecules of Tunisian durum wheat landraces Chili and Mahmoudi

This dataset contains the first genome assemblies and chromosome-level pseudomolecules for two Tunisian durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum, 2n=4x=28, AABB genome) landraces: Chili and Mahmoudi.

Four FASTA files are provided:

1. chili_assembly.fsa : Primary scaffold assembly for landrace Chili, generated using hifiasm v0.25.0 and YAHS v1.2a.2 from PacBio HiFi reads, with Hi-C scaffolding. NCBI Assembly accession: DBNSEI000000000.

2. mahmoudi_assembly.fsa : Primary scaffold assembly for landrace Mahmoudi, generated using the same pipeline. NCBI Assembly accession: DBNSEJ000000000.

3. chili_all_chromosomes.fa : Chromosome-level pseudomolecules for Chili (14 chromosomes: 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B, plus unassigned scaffolds as Chr00). Constructed using sourmash v4.9.4 for chromosome assignment and RagTag v2.1.0 for scaffold ordering and orientation against the Svevo.v2 reference (IWGSC RefSeq v2.1).

4. mahmoudi_all_chromosomes.fa : Chromosome-level pseudomolecules for Mahmoudi (same chromosome composition as above). The Mahmoudi assembly contains a homeologous chromosome fusion (2B-3B) that was preserved as a single pseudomolecule.

Quality metrics:
- Chili: QV 68.0, k-mer completeness 98.42%, BUSCO 99.4%
- Mahmoudi: QV 68.3, k-mer completeness 98.34%, BUSCO 99.3%

Sequencing data source:
The PacBio HiFi and Hi-C sequencing data used for assembly were obtained from the public Durum Genome Project (OpenDurumGPT) consortium dataset (BioProject: PRJNA1467186).

Reference genome:
Svevo.v2 (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum cv. Svevo, release 2, IWGSC RefSeq v2.1) was used as the reference for chromosome assignment and pseudomolecule construction.