Attheya longicornis R. M. Crawford & C. Gardner
Chaetoceros septentrionale Østrup (1895): 457, pl. 7, fig. 88.
Attheya septentrionalis Østrup (1895) — Crawford et al. (1994): 41, figs. 42–49.
Attheya longicornis Crawford et al. (1994): 38, figs. 36–41 — Hendey (1964); Hasle and Syvertsen (1997): 225; Bérard-Therriault et al. (1999): 38, pl. 22 c – h; Orlova et al. (2002); Stonik et al. (2006); Rampen et al. (2009); Sugie and Kuma (2017); Stonik and Efimova (2020).
Description
Solitary marine species, not known to form colonies, except in culture. Valves flat to noticeably concave and lacking spines, spinules and rimoportulae. Length 5.2–6.4 (4–12) µm, 4–7.5 (3–16) µm in the apical axis (wide); pervalvar axis in culture often reported as 2–5 (2–5) times the width. Horns built of many silicious hoops and vary from long, thin, wavy, curly and straight, with horn length averaging 4.3–11 (4–10) times the cell length. Horns initially parallel to pervalvar axis, then may go in different directions. Longitudinal non-spiralling support bands 3 (3–4) in horns. Horns end in spines around an open apical aperture. Plastids per cell 1–2 (1–2). No resting cells or spores have been reported.
Diagnosis
Horns on A. septentrionalis are three times the valve length (Crawford et al. 1994; Hasle and Syvertsen 1997; Bérard-Therriault et al. 1999; Orlova et al. 2002; Stonik and Aizdaicher 2016) and are distinctly shorter than our specimens of A. longicornis, whose horns are 8–10 times the cell length. Attheya longicornis horns are strongly undulate (at least for one valve), as they arise from the valve corners and project parallel to the valvar plane, then often go in different directions. The two species of Attheya often differ in the longitudinal support bands in the horns: A. septentrionalis has four spiralling bands (Crawford et al. 1994; Stonik et al. 2006). Stonik and Aizdaicher (2016) report that from observations of six species, including A. longicornis and A. septentrionalis, found in the Sea of Japan, the only reliably different features that are useful for diagnosis between the two species are horn length and the number of longitudinal support rods in the horns. The horns of A. longicornis end in spines around an open apical aperture.
Notes
iNaturalist ID: 263094504 (Fig. 5).
", "identifiers": [ { "identifier": "http://treatment.plazi.org/id/56B09C57D0D6561E8247F41128B73EE1", "scheme": "url" } ], "publication_date": "2026-05-15", "publisher": "Zenodo", "references": [ { "reference": "\u00d8strup E. 1895 Marine diatom\u00e9er fra \u00d8stgr\u00f8nland Meddelelser om Gr\u00f8nland, Kj\u00f8benhavn 18 395 476" }, { "reference": "Crawford R. M., Gardner C., Medlin L. K. 1994 The genus Attheya. I. A description of four taxa and the transfer of Gonioceros septentrionalis and G. armatus Diatom Research 9 1 27 51 10.1080/0269249X.1994.9705286" }, { "reference": "Hendey N. I. 1964 An introductory account of the smaller algae of British coastal waters. Part V: Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Fishery Investigations, series 4 Her Majesty's Stationery Office London, UK 317" }, { "reference": "Hasle G. R., Syvertsen E. E. 1997 Marine diatoms Thomas C. R. Identifying marine phytoplankton Academic Press San Diego, USA 874 10.17031/1629" }, { "reference": "B\u00e9rard-Therriault Louise, Poulin Monique, Boss\u00e9 Louise 1999 Guide d'identification du phytoplancton marin de l'estuaire et du Golfe du Saint-Laurent incluant \u00e9galement certains protozoaires. Publication sp\u00e9ciale canadienne des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques 128 National Research Council Canada Ottawa, Canada 387" }, { "reference": "Orlova T. Y., Stonik I. V., Aizdaicher N. A. 2002 Morphology and biology of the diatom alga Attheya longicornis from the Sea of Japan Russian Journal of Marine Biology 28 186 190 10.1023/A:1016897320307" }, { "reference": "Stonik I. V., Orlova T. Y., Crawford R. M. 2006 Attheya ussurensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) \u2014 a new marine diatom from the coastal waters of the Sea of Japan and a reappraisal of the genus Phycologia 45 2 141 147 10.2216/04-48.1" }, { "reference": "Rampen S. W., Schouten S., Panoto F. E., Brink M., Andersen R. A., Muyzer G., Abbas B., Sinninghe Damste J. S. 2009 Phylogenetic position of Attheya longicornis and Attheya septentrionalis (Bacillariophyta) Journal of Phycology 45 2 444 453 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00657.x" }, { "reference": "Sugie K., Kuma K. 2017 Change in elemental composition and cell geometry of the marine diatom Attheya longicornis under nitrogen- and iron-depleted conditions Diatom Research 32 1 11 20 10.1080/0269249X.2017.1301999" }, { "reference": "Stonik I. V., Efimova K. V. 2020 Attheya (Bacillariophyta) from the northwestern Sea of Japan: a description of two subgenera based on molecular and morphological data Phycologia 59 3 227 237 10.1080/00318884.2020.1732801" }, { "reference": "Stonik I. V., Aizdaicher N. A. 2016 The species composition, morphology, and seasonal distribution of diatoms of the genus Attheya West, 1860 from the Sea of Japan Russian Journal of Marine Biology 42 4 357 361 10.1134/S1063074016040118" } ], "related_identifiers": [ { "identifier": "10.3897/BDJ.14.e189060", "relation_type": { "id": "ispartof", "title": { "de": "Ist Teil von", "en": "Is part of" } }, "resource_type": { "id": "publication-article", "title": { "de": "Zeitschriftenartikel", "en": "Journal article" } }, "scheme": "doi" }, { "identifier": "http://publication.plazi.org/id/7EEC96E29628567F973BC24E243B2259", "relation_type": { "id": "ispartof", "title": { "de": "Ist Teil von", "en": "Is part of" } }, "resource_type": { "id": "publication-article", "title": { "de": "Zeitschriftenartikel", "en": "Journal article" } }, "scheme": "url" }, { "identifier": "https://biodiversitypmc.sibils.org/collections/plazi/56B09C57D0D6561E8247F41128B73EE1", "relation_type": { "id": "issourceof", "title": { "de": "Ist Quelle von", "en": "Is source of" } }, "scheme": "url" } ], "resource_type": { "id": "publication-taxonomictreatment", "title": { "de": "Taxonomische Behandlung", "en": "Taxonomic treatment" } }, "rights": [ { "description": { "en": "CC0 waives copyright interest in a work you've created and dedicates it to the world-wide public domain. 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