Woody vegetation such as willow (Salix spp.) and elder (Sambucus nigra) forms an important structural component of the reedbed ecosystem in the Oostvaardersplassen nature reserve in the Netherlands. These tree and shrub species provide essential forage for large herbivores, including red deer (Cervus elaphus), and play a key role in vegetation dynamics, grazing impacts, and ecological succession within the wetland.
\nMapping woody vegetation across extensive and often inaccessible reedbed habitats is challenging using field-based approaches alone. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) provides a robust alternative by capturing detailed three-dimensional vegetation structure in the form of dense point clouds. This repository documents a LiDAR-derived dataset of extracted woody vegetation, primarily willow and elder, generated from the Dutch national airborne laser scanning dataset AHN4.
\nThe dataset was created in the context of the Modern Approaches to the Monitoring of BiOdiversity (MAMBO) project and supports the development and testing of scalable workflows for deriving habitat condition indicators from airborne LiDAR data. It contributes to the broader objective of enabling consistent, reproducible, and spatially explicit habitat condition assessment using national and transnational airborne laser scanning datasets.
\nThe repository is organized into seven sub-folders (see README file):
\n[1_Input_vegetation_points]
Vegetation-classified airborne laser scanning point clouds for the marsh area in Oostvaardersplassen, subset from the AHN4 dataset (classification ID = 1). Data are provided in standard LAS format.
[2_Extracted_trees_shrubs_points]
LiDAR point clouds containing only the extracted trees and shrubs, provided in LAS format. These files can be visualised and analysed using standard point cloud software (e.g. CloudCompare, ArcGIS Pro).
[3_Scripts]
Two Python scripts used for post-processing:
1_generate_tiff.py: converts extracted tree and shrub LAS files into GeoTIFF raster layers.
2_generate_boundary.py: converts the GeoTIFF rasters into vector boundary polygons (ESRI Shapefile format).
[4_GeoTIFFs&shapefiles]
Derived raster and vector products, including:
GeoTIFF rasters of extracted trees and shrubs at 1 m spatial resolution.
\nVector boundary polygons of extracted woody vegetation derived from the GeoTIFF products (ESRI Shapefile format).
\n[5_Marsh_area]
Boundary polygon (ESRI Shapefile) of the marsh study area in Oostvaardersplassen.
[6_OVP_area]
Boundary polygon (ESRI Shapefile) of the Oostvaardersplassen nature reserve.
[7_Accuracy_evaluation_datasets]
The manually created validation datasets for both woody vegetation classification and woody vegetation individualization.
Together, the repository provides raw vegetation-classified LiDAR inputs, extracted woody vegetation point clouds, derived raster and vector products, and the scripts required for post-processing. This structured data package enables reproducible analysis of woody vegetation distribution and structure in wetland environments and provides a methodological foundation for scaling tree and shrub extraction workflows to larger spatial extents using national and transnational airborne laser scanning datasets.
", "funding": [ { "award": { "acronym": "MAMBO", "id": "00k4n6c32::101060639", "identifiers": [ { "identifier": "https://cordis.europa.eu/projects/101060639", "scheme": "url" } ], "number": "101060639", "program": "HORIZON.2.6", "title": { "en": "Modern Approaches to the Monitoring of BiOdiversity" } }, "funder": { "id": "00k4n6c32", "name": "European Commission" } } ], "languages": [ { "id": "eng", "title": { "en": "English" } } ], "publication_date": "2026-04-23", "publisher": "Zenodo", "resource_type": { "id": "dataset", "title": { "de": "Datensatz", "en": "Dataset" } }, "rights": [ { "description": { "en": "The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited." }, "icon": "cc-by-icon", "id": "cc-by-4.0", "props": { "scheme": "spdx", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "title": { "en": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International" } } ], "subjects": [ { "subject": "Trees and shrubs" }, { "subject": "LiDAR" }, { "subject": "Airborne Laser Scanning" }, { "subject": "Point clouds" }, { "subject": "vegetation structure" }, { "subject": "woody vegetation" }, { "subject": "tree and shrub extraction" }, { "subject": "wetland ecosystems" }, { "subject": "reedbeds" }, { "subject": "habitat condition" }, { "subject": "grazing impacts" }, { "subject": "habitat monitoring" }, { "subject": "biodiversity monitoring" }, { "subject": "MAMBO project" }, { "subject": "Earth Sciences" }, { "subject": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "subject": "Ecology" }, { "subject": "Geoinformatics" } ], "title": "Extracted tree and shrub vegetation from airborne laser scanning (AHN4) in the Oostvaardersplassen wetland, the Netherlands", "version": "5" }, "parent": { "access": { "owned_by": { "user": "1160113" }, "settings": { "accept_conditions_text": null, "allow_guest_requests": false, "allow_user_requests": false, "secret_link_expiration": 0 } }, "communities": { "default": "8db59c36-2353-472a-8220-f9fc5ce4cd80", "entries": [ { "access": { "member_policy": "open", "members_visibility": "public", "record_submission_policy": "closed", "review_policy": "closed", "visibility": "public" }, "children": { "allow": false }, "created": "2025-10-28T11:14:06.592633+00:00", "custom_fields": { "subjects": [ { "id": "mesh:D004463" }, { "id": "euroscivoc:935" }, { "id": "mesh:D000162" }, { "id": "euroscivoc:419" }, { "id": "mesh:D044822" }, { "id": "mesh:D004784" }, { "id": "euroscivoc:58525161" } ] }, "deletion_status": { "is_deleted": false, "status": "P" }, "id": "8db59c36-2353-472a-8220-f9fc5ce4cd80", "links": {}, "metadata": { "description": "The MAMBO project will develop, test and implement enabling tools for monitoring conservation status and ecological requirements of species and habitats for which knowledge gaps still exist.", "funding": [ { "award": { "id": "00k4n6c32::101060639" }, "funder": { "id": "00k4n6c32" } } ], "organizations": [ { "id": "01aj84f44" }, { "id": "edmo:1593" }, { "id": "000h6jb29" }, { "id": "04dkp9463" }, { "id": "00pggkr55" }, { "id": "05v62cm79" }, { "id": "edmo:2899" }, { "id": "edmo:2903" }, { "name": "Ecostack Innovation" }, { "id": "01znaqx63" } ], "title": "Modern Approaches to the Monitoring of BiOdiversity", "type": { "id": "project" }, "website": "https://www.mambo-project.eu/" }, "parent": { "access": { "member_policy": "open", "members_visibility": "restricted", "record_submission_policy": "open", "review_policy": "closed", "visibility": "public" }, "children": { "allow": true }, "created": "2022-11-23T15:53:29.436323+00:00", "custom_fields": {}, "deletion_status": { "is_deleted": false, "status": "P" }, "id": "f0a8b890-f97a-4eb2-9eac-8b8a712d3a6c", "links": {}, "metadata": { "curation_policy": "The EU Open Research Repository serves as a repository for research outputs (data, software, posters, presentations, publications, etc) which have been funded under an EU research funding programme such as Horizon Europe, Euratom or earlier Framework Programmes.
\nThe community is managed by CERN on behalf of the European Commission.
\nZenodo’s general policies and Terms of Use apply to all content.
\nThe EU Open Research Repository accepts all digital research objects which is a research output stemming from one of EU’s research and innovation funding programmes. The funding programmes currently include:
\nHorizon Europe (including ERC, MSCA), earlier Framework Programmes (eg Horizon 2020) as well as Euratom.
\nIn line with the principle as open as possible, as closed as necessary both public and restricted content is accepted. See note on how Zenodo handles restricted content.
\nEU programme beneficiaries are eligible to submit content to the community. The community supports three types of content submissions:
\nSubmission via an EU Project Community (through user interface or programmatic APIs).
\nSubmission directly to the EU Open Research Repository.
\nAutomated harvesting from existing Zenodo content.
\nA representative of an EU project may request an EU Project Community and invite other project participants as members of the community. The project community is linked to one or more European Commission grants. All records in the project community are automatically integrated into the EU Open Research Repository immediately upon acceptance into the project community.
\nAny user may submit a record directly to the EU Open Research Repository. The submission will be moderated by Zenodo staff for compliance with the minimal required metadata requirements and its correctness.
\nRecords found among Zenodo’s existing content will on a regular basis automatically be integrated if they are found to comply with the requirements. The submissions through this method are integrated into the EU Open Research Repository with delay in a fully automated way.
\nRecords in the EU Open Research Repository are required to comply with the following minimal metadata requirements:
\nVisibility: Both public and restricted (with or without embargo and/or access request)
\nResource types: All resource types.
\nLicenses: Public and embargoed records MUST specify a license. The chosen license SHOULD be compliant with the Horizon Europe open science requirements (see Open Science in Horizon Europe)
\nFunding information: Records MUST specify at least one grant from the European Commission.
\nCreators: Creators SHOULD be identified with a persistent identifier (e.g. ORCID, GND, …), and affiliations SHOULD be identified with a persistent identifier (e.g. ROR, ISNI, …)
\nSubjects: Records SHOULD specify one or more fields of science from the European Science Vocabulary.
\nThese metadata requirements comes from the related open science requirements in Horizon Europe which are detailed in each project's grant agreement.
\nAll submissions undergo automated curation checks for compliance with the policy. Submissions through project communities are in addition reviewed by the project community. Submission directly to the EU Open Research Repository is in addiotn reviewed by Zenodo staff.
\nCommunity curators may at any point edit metadata of the records in the community without notice through human or automated processing. The curators may at their sole discretion remove records from the community that are deemed not to comply with the content and curation policy or which are deemed of insufficient quality.
\nThe content and curation policy is subject to change by the community owner at any time and without notice, other than through updating this page.
", "description": "Open repository for EU-funded research outputs from Horizon Europe, Euratom, and earlier Framework Programmes.", "funding": [ { "funder": { "id": "00k4n6c32" } } ], "organizations": [ { "id": "00k4n6c32" } ], "page": "The EU Open Research Repository is a Zenodo-community dedicated to fostering open science and enhancing the visibility and accessibility of research outputs funded by the European Union. The community is managed by CERN on behalf of the European Commission.
\nThe mission of the repository is to support the implementation of the EU's open science policy, providing a trusted and comprehensive space for researchers to share their research outputs such as data, software, reports, presentations, posters and more. The EU Open Research Repository simplifies the process of complying with open science requirements, ensuring that research outputs from Horizon Europe, Euratom, and earlier Framework Programmes are freely accessible, thereby accelerating scientific discovery and innovation.
\nThe EU Open Research Repository serves as a complementary platform to the Open Research Europe (ORE) publishing platform. Open Research Europe focuses on providing a publishing venue for peer-reviewed articles, ensuring that research meets rigorous academic standards. The EU Open Research Repository provides a space for all the other research outputs including data sets, software, posters, and presentations that are out of scope for ORE. This holistic approach enables researchers to not only publish their findings but also share the underlying data and materials that support their work, fostering transparency and reproducibility in the scientific process.
\nThe EU Open Research Repository is funded by the European Union under grant agreement no. 101256740 (HORIZON-ZEN Plus). For more information about the project see https://about.zenodo.org/projects/horizon-zen/.
", "title": "EU Open Research Repository", "type": { "id": "organization" }, "website": "https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu" }, "revision_id": 24, "slug": "eu", "theme": { "brand": "horizon", "enabled": true, "style": { "font": { "family": "Arial, sans-serif", "size": "16px", "weight": 600 }, "mainHeaderBackgroundColor": "#FFFFFF", "primaryColor": "#004494", "primaryTextColor": "#FFFFFF", "secondaryColor": "#FFD617", "secondaryTextColor": "#000000", "tertiaryColor": "#e3eefd", "tertiaryTextColor": "#1c5694" } }, "updated": "2026-03-31T12:29:43.596724+00:00" }, "revision_id": 9, "slug": "mambo", "updated": "2025-12-16T10:11:00.975852+00:00" }, { "access": { "member_policy": "open", "members_visibility": "restricted", "record_submission_policy": "open", "review_policy": "closed", "visibility": "public" }, "children": { "allow": true }, "created": "2022-11-23T15:53:29.436323+00:00", "custom_fields": {}, "deletion_status": { "is_deleted": false, "status": "P" }, "id": "f0a8b890-f97a-4eb2-9eac-8b8a712d3a6c", "links": {}, "metadata": { "curation_policy": "The EU Open Research Repository serves as a repository for research outputs (data, software, posters, presentations, publications, etc) which have been funded under an EU research funding programme such as Horizon Europe, Euratom or earlier Framework Programmes.
\nThe community is managed by CERN on behalf of the European Commission.
\nZenodo’s general policies and Terms of Use apply to all content.
\nThe EU Open Research Repository accepts all digital research objects which is a research output stemming from one of EU’s research and innovation funding programmes. The funding programmes currently include:
\nHorizon Europe (including ERC, MSCA), earlier Framework Programmes (eg Horizon 2020) as well as Euratom.
\nIn line with the principle as open as possible, as closed as necessary both public and restricted content is accepted. See note on how Zenodo handles restricted content.
\nEU programme beneficiaries are eligible to submit content to the community. The community supports three types of content submissions:
\nSubmission via an EU Project Community (through user interface or programmatic APIs).
\nSubmission directly to the EU Open Research Repository.
\nAutomated harvesting from existing Zenodo content.
\nA representative of an EU project may request an EU Project Community and invite other project participants as members of the community. The project community is linked to one or more European Commission grants. All records in the project community are automatically integrated into the EU Open Research Repository immediately upon acceptance into the project community.
\nAny user may submit a record directly to the EU Open Research Repository. The submission will be moderated by Zenodo staff for compliance with the minimal required metadata requirements and its correctness.
\nRecords found among Zenodo’s existing content will on a regular basis automatically be integrated if they are found to comply with the requirements. The submissions through this method are integrated into the EU Open Research Repository with delay in a fully automated way.
\nRecords in the EU Open Research Repository are required to comply with the following minimal metadata requirements:
\nVisibility: Both public and restricted (with or without embargo and/or access request)
\nResource types: All resource types.
\nLicenses: Public and embargoed records MUST specify a license. The chosen license SHOULD be compliant with the Horizon Europe open science requirements (see Open Science in Horizon Europe)
\nFunding information: Records MUST specify at least one grant from the European Commission.
\nCreators: Creators SHOULD be identified with a persistent identifier (e.g. ORCID, GND, …), and affiliations SHOULD be identified with a persistent identifier (e.g. ROR, ISNI, …)
\nSubjects: Records SHOULD specify one or more fields of science from the European Science Vocabulary.
\nThese metadata requirements comes from the related open science requirements in Horizon Europe which are detailed in each project's grant agreement.
\nAll submissions undergo automated curation checks for compliance with the policy. Submissions through project communities are in addition reviewed by the project community. Submission directly to the EU Open Research Repository is in addiotn reviewed by Zenodo staff.
\nCommunity curators may at any point edit metadata of the records in the community without notice through human or automated processing. The curators may at their sole discretion remove records from the community that are deemed not to comply with the content and curation policy or which are deemed of insufficient quality.
\nThe content and curation policy is subject to change by the community owner at any time and without notice, other than through updating this page.
", "description": "Open repository for EU-funded research outputs from Horizon Europe, Euratom, and earlier Framework Programmes.", "funding": [ { "funder": { "id": "00k4n6c32" } } ], "organizations": [ { "id": "00k4n6c32" } ], "page": "The EU Open Research Repository is a Zenodo-community dedicated to fostering open science and enhancing the visibility and accessibility of research outputs funded by the European Union. The community is managed by CERN on behalf of the European Commission.
\nThe mission of the repository is to support the implementation of the EU's open science policy, providing a trusted and comprehensive space for researchers to share their research outputs such as data, software, reports, presentations, posters and more. The EU Open Research Repository simplifies the process of complying with open science requirements, ensuring that research outputs from Horizon Europe, Euratom, and earlier Framework Programmes are freely accessible, thereby accelerating scientific discovery and innovation.
\nThe EU Open Research Repository serves as a complementary platform to the Open Research Europe (ORE) publishing platform. Open Research Europe focuses on providing a publishing venue for peer-reviewed articles, ensuring that research meets rigorous academic standards. The EU Open Research Repository provides a space for all the other research outputs including data sets, software, posters, and presentations that are out of scope for ORE. This holistic approach enables researchers to not only publish their findings but also share the underlying data and materials that support their work, fostering transparency and reproducibility in the scientific process.
\nThe EU Open Research Repository is funded by the European Union under grant agreement no. 101256740 (HORIZON-ZEN Plus). For more information about the project see https://about.zenodo.org/projects/horizon-zen/.
", "title": "EU Open Research Repository", "type": { "id": "organization" }, "website": "https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu" }, "revision_id": 24, "slug": "eu", "theme": { "brand": "horizon", "enabled": true, "style": { "font": { "family": "Arial, sans-serif", "size": "16px", "weight": 600 }, "mainHeaderBackgroundColor": "#FFFFFF", "primaryColor": "#004494", "primaryTextColor": "#FFFFFF", "secondaryColor": "#FFD617", "secondaryTextColor": "#000000", "tertiaryColor": "#e3eefd", "tertiaryTextColor": "#1c5694" } }, "updated": "2026-03-31T12:29:43.596724+00:00" } ], "ids": [ "8db59c36-2353-472a-8220-f9fc5ce4cd80", "f0a8b890-f97a-4eb2-9eac-8b8a712d3a6c" ] }, "id": "18511137", "pids": { "doi": { "client": "datacite", "identifier": "10.5281/zenodo.18511137", "provider": "datacite" } } }, "pids": { "doi": { "client": "datacite", "identifier": "10.5281/zenodo.19726739", "provider": "datacite" }, "oai": { "identifier": "oai:zenodo.org:19726739", "provider": "oai" } }, "revision_id": 4, "stats": { "all_versions": { "data_volume": 88549065474.0, "downloads": 276, "unique_downloads": 210, "unique_views": 202, "views": 225 }, "this_version": { "data_volume": 0.0, "downloads": 0, "unique_downloads": 0, "unique_views": 23, "views": 23 } }, "status": "published", "swh": {}, "updated": "2026-04-24T07:56:55.291759+00:00", "versions": { "index": 5, "is_latest": true } }