| 1. |
Modified antennal scape |
Present |
Not modified |
Present in 8 spp. (see main text) |
| 2. |
Prominently narrowed clypeus |
Broad clypeus |
Present |
Present in more than 20 spp. (see Table 2) |
| 3. |
Round elytral puncture |
Present |
Present |
Present in H. baucis and H. spinicorne |
| 4. |
Pronotal and elytral tufts |
Present |
Absent |
Present in e.g., H. baucis, H. c oomani, H. spinicorne, and H. thomasseti |
| 5. |
Hypomeral apical excavation |
Present |
Absent |
Absent (nearly no data) |
| 6. |
Apical comb of female abdomen |
Absent |
Present |
Absent |
| 7. |
Delta-like portion of leaf-mine |
Present |
Present |
Absent |
| 8. |
Frass pupal chamber |
Present |
Present |
Absent |
| 9. |
Large clutch size |
Present |
1 egg/1 leaf |
1 egg/1 leaf |