0.a- Your name and surname ,0.b- Your email,0.c- What is your role in the IPBES Assessment?,0.d- Which assessment are you a part of?,0.e- Affiliation,0.f- ORCID,1- Title of the example with transformative potential,"2- Provide any searchable links to materials about the example (e.g., video, report, press article, scientific paper, etc.):","3.a- Does this example have a vision of a desirable future for nature and people?
","3.b- Please describe the vision (what is it about, which actors have this vision, etc.)",4 - Why do you think this is an example of an attempt at transformative change?,5.a- Location - Continent ,5.b- Location - Country,5.c- Location - Region/State within country,6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Individual citizen],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Local communities],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Civil society organizations],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Youth],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Indigenous people],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Women and  sectionality],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Social movements/activists],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Trade unions],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [NGO],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Donors/Foundations],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Faith-based organizations],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Local government],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Regional Government],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [National government],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [International organization],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Financial institutions],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Private Sector],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Scientific community],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [I don´t know],6.a- Agent(s) promoting and opposing/resisting change. Choose up to three under each category. [Other],"6.b- If you chose 'Other', please provide details.",7.a- Primary source of funding:,"7.b- If you chose 'Other', please provide details.",8.a- Period of initiation ,8.b- Is it still ongoing? ,"8.c- If finished, in which year did it finish?",8.d- Time-frame for the desired changes: main changes occurred over...,8.e- Any other comments on the time scales?,9.a- Which economic sector is/was chiefly involved? Select more than one if applicable,"9.b- If you chose 'Other', please provide further details.","10- What type(s) of habitat(s) was/were involved/affected in the example? Select more than one option, if applicable. ",11- Scale of change attempted by the example.,12- How many people have been affected in this example so far? (Estimated) [Positively],12- How many people have been affected in this example so far? (Estimated) [Negatively],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Good quality of life],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Food security/sovereignty],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Water security],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Gender equity],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Reduction of race/religion/cultural/linguistic discrimination],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Social cohesion and trust],"13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Institutional strength, revive and social participation]",13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Power equity],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Recognition of rights and values],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Indigenous people and local communities inclusion],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Freedom to exercise ritual/spirituality],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Access to recreation and leisure],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Enjoyment of natural beauty],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Promote rights based approach],13.a- Social consequences of the example.  [Other],"13.b- If your answer was ""Other"", please provide details.",14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Housing and shelter],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Access to land/sea],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Access to basic services and infrastructure],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Access to knowledge and education],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Acess to health],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Employment and job quality],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Reduction of inequity/Fair wealth distribution],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Poverty reduction],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Conservation of the productive capacity/resilience of the ecosystem],14.a- Economic consequences of the example [Other],"14.b- If your answer was ""Other"", please provide details.",15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Habitat creation and maintenance],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Pollination and dispersal of seeds],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Regulation of air quality],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Regulation of climate],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Regulation of ocean acidification],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Regulation of freshwater quantity],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Regulation of freshwater quality],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Formation and protection of soils],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Regulation of hazards and extreme events],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Regulation of detrimental organisms],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Energy],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Food and feed],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Materials and assistance],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Medicinal and genetic resources],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Learning and inspiration],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Experiences],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Supporting identities],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Maintenance of options],15- Consequences on Nature's contributions to people. [Other],"14.b- If your answer was ""Other"", please provide details.","16- Are there some dark sides to this example in terms of benefits and losses for different social groups as well as biodiversity outcomes?  If yes, please  be specific in outlining who/what gained the most and who/what lost out?",17- Were some wider equity or sustainability goals compromised in this example? ,"18- Is there a gap between the official rhetoric about this example and outcomes on the ground, especially from the perspective of marginalised and silenced groups?","19.a- Does the example engage with practices to create transformative change? (practices include, but are not limited to, behaviours, actions, innovations)",19.b- In what way does the case engage with practices? Please add a brief description.,"19.c- If this is an example of an unsuccessful attempt towards transformative change, which practices led to its failure?",19.d- Practices attempted in the example that has/had transformative potential. Choose one to three options. ,"20.a- Does the example engage with structures to create transformative change? (structures include, but are not limited to, laws, policies, institutions, infrastructure)",20.b- In what way does the case engage with structures? Please add a brief description.,"20.c- If this is an example of an unsuccessful attempt towards transformative change, which structural change(s) led to its failure?",20.d- Changes in structures attempted in the example that has/had transformative potential. Choose one to two options. ,"21.a- Does the example engage with views to create transformative change? (views include, but are not limited to, worldviews, values, perceptions, beliefs)",21.b- In what way does the case engage with views? Please add a brief description.,22.a- To which of the themes below would you link the indirect drivers of biodiversity loss addressed in your example? Choose one to three options. ,"22.b- If you chose 'Other', please provide details.",23.a- Challenges that were overcome in the example. Choose one to three options.,"23.b- If you chose 'Other, please provide details.","23.c- If this is an example of an unsuccessful attempt towards transformative change, which challenges could not be overcome and hence led to the failure?",24- How could things have been done differently to achieve transformative change?,"25- In your opinion, is this an inspirational example?",Lessons,Others,
Martina Propedo; Asmita Sengupta; TCA technical support unit,"mpropedo@gmail.com, asmita.sengupta@gmail.com",Fellow,Transformative Change,"ATREE, UNRN",0000-0002-2477-7290,Diversification supports farm income and improved working conditions during agroecological transitions in southern Brazil,https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13593-021-00688-x,No,"There are critical gaps in understanding how farm management practices evolve through agroecological transitions and how agroecological practices affect socioeconomic outcomes such as income and working conditions. The authors conducted a case study of farms transitioning from conventional tobacco production to diversified agroecological management in a participatory certification network in southern Brazil and assessed indicators of ecological management, income, and working conditions across three transition stages—conventional, transitioning, and agroecological.","The study documented how, by using system redesign - a transformative approach to agroecosystem management, agroecological farmers had increased financial independence and improved work conditions.  Also, transitioning farmers engaged in practices that supported ecological complexity. ",South America,Brazil,Santa Catarina,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,,NA,Yes,NA,Decades,NA,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,NA,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,NA,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,NA,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Trade, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,,NA - this is an example of transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Embracing new ways of doing things can lead to higher economic security and better quality of life alongside promoting ecological complexity,"The authors noted that agroecological farmers could make the transition because they were economically diversified, had off-farm sources of income or both. These communities were also characterised by higher levels of education, smaller households and more female-headed households – all these demographic factors have the potential to influence decision-making.",
Cheryl Marie Cordeiro,cheryl.marie.cordeiro@ri.se,LA,Nexus,RISE Research Institutes of Sweden ,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6713-5100,Time and space shapes nexus / systems potential for response options towards a sustainable future,https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1320722/FULLTEXT01.pdf,No,Helping society / businesses transition towards sustainable future from a nexus / systems perspective ,"Socio-economic activities are holons that both influence the spheres of each other, as well as exist in larger socio-economic spheres at regional and global levels. Context specific understanding of socio-economic activities and influences are therefore part of Nexus, and systems thinking / working.",Sweden - Europe,Sweden,Västra Götaland County / Gothenburg ,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,None,,2021,Yes,2023,Years,No,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,"The part of Nexus that I am LA of is mostly conceptual / theoretical, bolstered by actual Case Studies, which is not listed in the answer of this questionnaire.",Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,The goal of the Nexus assessment is to have large-scale socio-economic impact towards more sustainable futures at regional and global levels. ,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,To understand the influences of various other nexus or system elements that have been overlooked in terms of environmental impacts. ,,,,,,,All of the above are seen as actions that can lead to sustainable futures,,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Structural transition, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Concentration of wealth, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"I think the team has done its best to address this challenge, the solution to any challenge is necessarily evolution based on the context of communication and action. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",There are different values and perspectives that make a coherent view a challenge on the definition of what is nexus / systems approach to pressing global challenges.,,
Kamaljit K Sangha,kamaljit.sangha@cdu.edu.au,LA,Nexus,Charles Darwin University,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7675-9916,Indigenous fire management in northern Australia," SANGHA, K. K., EVANS, J., EDWARDS, A., RUSSELL-SMITH, J., FISHER, R., YATES, C. & COSTANZA, R. 2021. Assessing the value of ecosystem services delivered  by prescribed fire management in Australian tropical savannas Ecosystem Services, 51 (101343). SANGHA, K. K., EDWARDS, A. & RIOLI, W. 2021. Indigenous expertise is reducing bushfires in northern Australia. It’s time to consider similar approaches for other disasters. URL: https://theconversation.com/indigenous-expertise-is-reducing-bushfires-in-northern-australia-its-time-to-consider-similar-approaches-for-other-disasters-155361. The Conversation. SANGHA, K. K., RUSSELL-SMITH, J., EDWARDS, A. C. & SURJAN, A. 2021. Assessing the real costs of natural hazard‑induced disasters: A case study from Australia’s Northern Territory. Natural Hazards, 1-20.",No,Traditional fire management,"Traditional fire management has led to manage the savanna landscape, offering improved biodiversity, water, soil, and socio-economic opportunities for remote Indigenous communities across northern Australia. It is the nexus/holistic approach of managing the landscape which has been quite transformative for the local communities for delivering socio-economic and ecological benefits.",Oceania,Australia,"Northern Territory, north Qld, and north WA",,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2012,Yes,"ongoing- fire management, now expanding the approach to broader ecosystem services economies",Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Services, Industry",,Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands,Regional within country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,"reduction in domestic violence, alcoholism and improved health outcomes in communities.",I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,enormous socio-economic impact for creating jobs in remote locations for the Indigenous population where largely little job opportunities exist for locals,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,don't know what you mean?,,,,,,,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Global coordination",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges",,,More active support for the IPLCs,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Investing in nature and supporting Indigenous communities can offer multiple returns for the wider global community,,
Mariana M.Vale,mvale.eco@gmail.com,LA,Nexus,Federal University of Rio de Janeiro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0734-4925,Deforestation control in the Brazilian Amazon,https://news.mongabay.com/2019/12/brazil-knows-how-to-fight-amazon-deforestation-monitoring-and-law-enforcement-must-be-strengthened-commentary/,No,Reduce illigal deforestation,"There are many co-benefits to human health (e.g. reduction of air pollution by smoke, reduction of vector borne diseases associated to deforesatin frontier), plus water, energy and food security (e.g. safeguarding the precitipation needed for: i) water reservoirs used to provide water to cities in Central and Southwatern Brazil, ii) agriculture in Central Brazil, and iii) hydropower in central and southestern Brazil) ",South America,Brazil,Amazon,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2004,Yes,"It is still formally going on, despite being sabotaged by the federal government in the last 6 years",Years,,Agriculture,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,Over a million,Between 10 to 100,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,na,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,na,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,na,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation",,,,"Pre-emptive action, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Concentrated production, Trade, Market interactions, States, Global coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,The co-benefits could have been quantified; Brazilian ministries other than the inistry of the Environment could have been diresctly envolved. ,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Reducing deforestation in the Amazon is possible, and it does not harm the local economy.",,
Timothée Fouqueray,timothee.fouqueray@uqo.ca,Fellow,Transformative Change,Université du Québec en Outouais,0000-0003-4773-4733,Sylvacctes,https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/4/386,No,Funding carbon storage in forests while conserving biodiversity,"TC because the funding comes from the voluntary desire to contribute to biodiversity conservation + because forestry funding are dependant of biodiversity + because funding requires best-efforts obligations, not perfect results. Nexus because funding climate mitigation acknowledges the importance of accounting for biodiversity conservation",Europe,France,France,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2015,Yes,NA,Years,"As the project funds forest management, its effects can last for centuries even if the (human) organization collapses.",Foresty,,Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands,Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots",,,Funding could be scaled-up/extended to non-voluntary contributors by raising an environmental local tax affecting forest-dependent firms for instance.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Having local interlocutors speaking of climate and biodiversity is key. No need to wait for everyone to embark on the idea, start with ""early birds."" Linking social, environmnental and buisness makes everybody happy, as every one finds its own interest. Faming (social norms) is a powerful lever to motivate funders give money, and forest owners change adapt their management practices. Financial incentives for more sustainable forest management should not 100% rely on voluntary funding.","I'd be happy to develop on this example, feel free to join me. Otherwise, more information on https://www.sylvacctes.org/ (in French)",
Francisco J. Rosado-May,francisco.rosadomay@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,"Universidad Intercultural Maya de Quintana Roo, Mexico",0000-0003-0431-7120,Role of leadership in conservation of natural resources,"Rosado-May, F.J., Cuevas-Albarrán, V.B., Hernández-González, O., & Jiménez Pat, N.F. (2022). Servant leadership: A critical component in the conservation of natural resources – An intercultural approach. In: S. Dhiman & J. Marques (eds.). New horizons in positive leadership and change. A practical guide for workplace transformation. Switzerland: Springer.  DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38129-5",No,To understand the role of interculturality on efficient leadership for natural resources conservation,"It is known the role of leadership in nature conservation but in multicultural settings of all different types of leadership there is one that is more in alignment with a multicultural settings, It is called servant leadership. It is in alignment because the social process behind effective governance hast to be intercultural; a process that reflects the different visions that different cultures, living together and using the same natural resources, have. God governance relies on good leadership, good and effective leadership in a multicultural settings hast to be an intercultural one.",Americas,Mexico,Quintana Roo,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,None,,2019,No,2020,Years,"The study includes changes in a community (Noh Bec, Quintana Roo, Mexico) from 1940's to 2021",Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,State,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures",,,"The research shows that the communities involved had a history of trying different ways of managing their forest. It was not until they received the help of foreign organizations aligned with government programs and with their own governance system guided by their values, that they started seeing the benefits of sustainable management of their natural resources.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","By achieving a high level of organization/governance trough intercultural leadership, a group of Yucatec Maya ejidos/communities have been able to reach sustainable management of their forest, which represents the most important source of livelihood. Because of it, levels of wellbeing regarding their human health and food systems, are more and more in higher levels, meaning better nutrition, innovations, use of traditional knowledge blended with modern techniques, and the like","The paper explains pretty well the process, but I am willing to discuss any comment/observation on the subject.",
Pankaj Kumar,kumar@iges.or.jp,LA,Nexus,"Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Japan",0000-0001-7099-7297,Managing the water–energy–food nexus: Gains and losses from new water development in Amu Darya River Basin,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169416303481,No,This paper addresses the interconnection and mutual impacts within water–energy–food systems in face of constructing the Rogun Dam in Amu River.,It shows synergies and trade-offs when trying to address the nexus issues at any place,Asia,Tajikistan,Amu River Basin,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2015,No,2017,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Energy",,Deserts and xeric shrublands,Among countries,Over a million,Over a million,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Human capital, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Market interactions",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"Using different channel of dialogues and negotiations between governments from both countries, it is possible to figure our some win-win solutions for both parties","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Ruishan Chen,chenrsh04@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-8784,Land restoration and poverty reduction in Loess Plateau of China,https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-4-431-54481-4.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Restoration and Development of the Degraded Loess Plateau, China",transformative change of degraded ecosystem and poor population,Asian,China,Loess Plateau,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2000,No,2020,Decades,no,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Services, Finance",,"Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,"increase of tourism, scientific value etc. ",Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,increase fo food production and livelihood,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,"ecosystem restoration and biodiversity conservation, reduction of soil erosion",,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Population size, Structural transition",,"Financial insecurity, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,,Timing is also very important for achieve transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",policies can bring transformative change,"cases from China are needed when talking about transformative change, considering China transformed from a poor country to middle income countries ",
Chuan Liao,cl824@cornell.edu,CLA,Transformative Change,Cornell University,,Indigenous knowledge for adaptation,"Liao, C., Ruelle, M. L., & Kassam, K. A. S. (2016). Indigenous ecological knowledge as the basis for adaptive environmental management: Evidence from pastoralist communities in the Horn of Africa. Journal of Environmental Management, 182, 70-79.",No,"investigate pastoralists' adaptations to such environmental changes in the Borana zone of southern Ethiopia by integrating pastoralists' ecological knowledge, surveys of plant species composition, and census data on livestock holdings",example of adaptive environmental management informed by indigenous knowledge,Africa,Ethiopia,Oromia,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2013,No,2014,Years,n/a,Agriculture,,Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,n/a,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,n/a,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,n/a,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,Incentives and capacity building,,,Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge),,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,,"NGOs and government can better help with livestock holding transition to better adapt to rangeland vegetation regime shift, reverse the trend of degradation, and ensure food security for pastoralists in the drylands.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The changes in livestock holdings based on indigenous ecological knowledge will mitigate the negative impacts of vegetation shifts on livestock production, and facilitate adaptive environmental management in the dryland rangeland ecosystems.",n/a,
Qingxu Huang,qxhuang@bnu.edu.cn,CA,Transformative Change,Beijing Normal University,0000-0003-4902-716X,The varying roles of ecosystem services in poverty alleviation among rural households in urbanizing watersheds,https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-022-01431-x,No,This paper investigates whether ecosystem services at the landscape level and household characteristics play important roles in connecting ecosystem services and poverty alleviation in a rapidly urbanizing landscape from the perspective of landscape sustainability science.,It provides evidences that ecosystem services are contributing to poverty alleviation,Asia,China,Hebei,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2019,Yes,2023,Years,"It is also related to the national policy of China, alleviating poverty at the year of 2020",Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Individual,"Between 100 to 1,000",Between 10 to 100,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Urbanization, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges",,,Financial support and long-term edutional opportunities should be provided for rural houseshold with the risk of falling into poversity,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Urbanization can be a positive force for biodiversity conservation,,
Ram Pandit,ram.pandit@uwa.edu.au,LA,Transformative Change,University of Western Australia,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4053-5694,Tiger conservation,"https://www.fws.gov/story/2022-09/nepals-tigers-conservation-success-story#:~:text=Nepal%20celebrated%20Global%20Tiger%20Day,double%20their%20numbers%20by%202022.","Yes, and the vision is implicit",Double the number of tigers from 121 in 2009 by 2022,"It involves shifts in conservation approach, more holistic and considers social, economic and ecological factors together",Asia,Nepal,Terai Arc Landscape (South-West),,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public and third sector (I/NGOs),,2009,Yes,2022,Decades,The conservation program is continuing beyond 2022,"Agriculture, Foresty, Energy",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs",Regional within country,More than 1000,"Between 100 to 1,000",I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Population size, Urbanization",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Current patterns in human movement and migration, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"I consider this as a successful example because the goal of doubling tiger population from 121 (in 2009) was achieved beyond just doubling by 2022. The adult population of tiger in the landscape was estimated at 355 in 2022. 
Despite this, a human-tiger coexistence approach would have minimised the negative impact on local people primarily arising from human-tiger conflicts in the landscape.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","if holistic, cross-sectoral, and land-scape approach is adopted to address indirect drivers of biodiversity loss, then change can be achieved through collaborative and coordinated actions.",Happy to discuss if details are required about this case study.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Marine Reserve of Fishing Interest-Os Miñarzos,Villasante et al. (2021) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.712819/full,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","After the abrupt shock and the huge impacts of the Prestige oil spill in 2002, artisanal fishers from Lira (north-central coast of Galicia) initiated a process or preparation phase to create a ‘Marine Reserve of Fishing Interest’ (hereinafter referred to as MPA to simplify) that concluded with its formalization in April 2007, with the name of ‘Os Miñarzos’ . The objective of the marine reserve is to recover fish stocks and ensure sustainable revenues for fishers by using a co-management system.","More than 10 years after its full implementation, the transformative change that took place since the creation of the MPA not only had repercussions on fishing practices and outcomes (e.g. higher abundance of species and economic revenues), but also on the beliefs and social values of the main fishers, scientists and representatives of the regional administration involved in the Management Body of the MPA. Trust and cooperation, essential elements to successfully govern common pool resources, have been improved since fishers provide data and participate in different monitoring programs. There has also been a notable reduction of conflicts and mistrust between the administration and the fisheries sector, favoring that most decisions concerning fishing activities within the MPA are taken by consensus. Another sign of progress was the collective behavior of local fishers working within the MPA who, after the decision of the regional administration to discontinue financially supporting the surveillance to the area in 2010, continued with the inertia of social norms to comply with the fisheries law, even 2 years after that decision. Starting with a fragmented and divided fisheries sector, the main challenge was to construct a common vision of a sustainable future for the MPA and the economic development of the associated coastal communities. The MPA has inspired other neighboring communities to propose another MPA of fishing interest on the Northern coast of Galicia (Decree 28/2009, of January 29, creating the Marine Reserve of Fishing Interest Ría de Cedeira), while a procedure for the extension of the MPA of Os Miñarzos has also been initiated and it is currently in the final stage. The objective is to move from the current protected area of 2,074 to 50,000 ha (in coastal waters), where eight fishing communities and 750 small-scale fishing vessels will potentially benefit. The case of Os Miñarzos also inspired other coastal communities not only in other regions of Spain (namely Catalonia and Andalucia), but also the new fisheries Law in Portugal as well as the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication developed by FAO. All of these initiatives inspired by the Os Miñarzos case have been highly positive to develop new sustainable trajectories, and they are currently in different phases of development and degree of success. More recently, the transformative initiative initiated in Os Miñarzos served as the seed to create a new network of small-scale fishers in Latin America and the Caribbean, Portugal and Spain, involving more than 20 million of fishers(women).",Southern Europe,Spain,"A Coruña, Galicia",Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2007,Yes,Still ongoing,One decade,No,"Fisheries, Tourism",,"Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",Up to 10,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, overexploitation of fishery resources and the Prestige oil spill",,,N/A - This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Building cooperative arrangements between fishers helped to have higher level of trust, cohesion, transparency and better status of fishery resources and revenues","The author notes that  Galician SSF were able to maintain key basic elements for resilience building over space and time such as the maintenance of a high diversity of harvested species, an institutionalized connectivity between stakeholders and fishing communities, and the support of active participation through the decision making processes. Keeping these elements alive was not possible without profound changes in the social processes, rules and (social) norms of Galician SSF. Gaining a better understanding of when and by whom sustainability transformations can be intentionally triggered, supported and implemented, including visions of fishers’ traditional knowledge, was essential to foster desirable changes.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4480,Arca de los Mares-restauracion colectiva (Ark of the Seas-collective restauration),https://www.restauracioncolectiva.com/n/inditex-el-comedor-responsable-que-sirve-1-600-comidas-diarias-cuidando-salud-y-entorno,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The objectives, in addition to healthy and responsible eating, cover several aspects, such as the protection and regeneration of the environment, the reduction of the impact on the climate and natural resources, the awareness and change of social attitudes, as well as the care of the employees, who are offered eight different menu items every day.","The Inditex initiative is providing more 1 million plates per year to the employees in Galicia (Spain) through the 6 dining rooms by using 70 local seafood species. In Zara's logistics centre in A Coruña (Galicia), it has been developed an innovative 360-degree dining concept, unique in the world. In barely a year of operation, it has achieved LEED Gold certification (for its energy efficiency in the facilities and integration of renewable energies) and recognition by the Slow Food eco-gastronomic association as a zero kilometre restaurant, the first large company canteen in Europe to do so. The company has the expectation to expand this model not only in Spain but also in all of their branches offices (6500) around the world. ",Southern Europe,Spain,"A Coruña, Galicia",,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,2017,Yes,"Not finished, still ongoing",3 years,No,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, Energy, Industry",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Regional within country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Trade",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,N/A-This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Developing new internal policies within the Inditex company by offering local and high quality food (from land and seascapes) to employees of the company improved the health and quality of life of them,"The author notes that the Inditext initiative is providing more 1 million plates per year to the employees only in Galicia (Spain) through the 6 dining rooms by using 70 local seafood species. In Zara's logistics centre in A Coruña (Galicia), an innovative 360-degree dining concept, unique in the world, with a surface area of 4,800 square metres, spread over two floors: on the upper floor, the restaurant, and on the ground floor, the production area, as it works with top-of-the-range products. The challenge for 2019 was to generate zero waste: currently, only 2.5% of waste is non-recyclable. Due to the volume of staff using the corporate canteen at the head office, this is a significant source of organic waste generation. Employees must therefore separate food waste into three groups in special containers: those that are still edible, which are donated to an animal shelter; those that are not edible, which can still be turned into fertiliser and are given to a local ecological greenhouse; and those that cannot be used in either way, which are converted into biogas.  ",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,TIDES-Transformative initiatives towards ocean equity,https://equalsea.eu/tides/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The project “NAVIGATING TIDES – Transformative Initiatives Driving Equity and  Sustainability in our Oceans” aims to identify, map, and navigate different sustainability transformation pathways.  We will evaluate selected case studies in different regions, with different scales, contexts, and values, aiming to  understand the different processes and pathways used to achieve the desirable outcomes and the transformative  changes in a variety of marine realms around the planet. 
",Because it is collecting transformative initiatives around the world to create a global repository of initiatives which have been already proven to generate sustainable uses of the oceans and an equitable distribution of benefits people obtain from them,Global,Global,Global,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2021,Yes,Still ongoing,Decades,No,"Fisheries, Health, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea",Community,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,N/A - This is an example of transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Collecting initiatives in the oceans is helping to document a wide range transformative changes occurring at a diverse ranges of scales and economic systems (small-scale fisheries, marine protected areas, aquaculture, industrial and recreational fisheries) which aim to provide food, energy and health to coastal populations. By contacting the leaders of the initiatives and following the different phases of transformation, we also learnt how, why and where the initiatives emerged, including information that is usually not available in policy documents, scientific papers or reports. We expect the complete the global database by the end of 2023.",No additional comments,
Sandra Lavorel,sandra.lavorel@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr,CLA,CNRS - Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine,0000-0002-7300-2811,,Nature's Contributions to adaptation in the French Alps,"Bruley, E., Locatelli, B., Colloff, M., Salliou, N., Métris, T., Lavorel, S., 2021. Actions and leverage points for ecosystem-based adaptation pathways in the Alps. Environmental Science & Policy 124, 567-579; Bruley, E., Locatelli, B., Vendel, F., Bergeret, A., Elleaume, N., Grosinger, J., Lavorel, S., 2021. Historical reconfigurations of a social–ecological system adapting to economic, policy and climate changes in the French Alps. Regional Environmental Change 21, 34 ; Lavorel, S., Colloff, M.J., Locatelli, B., Gorddard, R., Prober, S.M., Gabillet, M., Devaux, C., Laforgue, D., Peyrache-Gadeau, V., 2019. Mustering the power of ecosystems for adaptation to climate change. Environmental Science & Policy 92, 87-97.",No,"To co-produce with the local community climate change adaptation pathways based on nature's contributions to people, and navigating opportunities for changing the decision context.",Co-produced with the local community transformative adaptation pathways in a mountain communities,French Alps - Europe,France,Pays de la Meije - Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2015,Yes,NA,Decades,"The long-term study spans from the analysis of multi-decadal historical changes to recent crises, and the 2040 horizon.","Agriculture, Services, Tourism",,"Tundra and high mountain habitats, Permafrost/glacial habitats",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000","Between 100 to 1,000",Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight negative effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Trade",,"Lack of collective arena to imagine and plan for a common, transformed future",,,"The project initiated transformative change but did not consolidate it (also see comment below). To do that would have required more direct participation of local actors in the steering of the process, as opposed to following a project initially conceived (with some actor participation) and led by researchers. We did not succeed in conslidating initial participation by local elected members (mayors and their councils). In the end the process was seen as a 'nice to have' but did not modify entranched power relationships and differences in values in the community.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Key levers for transformative change based on nature: 1) Community participation and collaboration, 2) social innovation, 3) change in governance and value systems, 4) empowerment. Key barriers from path dependencies and power reltationships.","Regardless of the project's success, a severe local crisis took place a year after the end of the project due to a plan for BAU development by a powerful commercial tourism operator. This has resulted in strong tensions in the community, regression in local participation and dialogue, and feeling of lack of agency, when the project had started to unlock some of that. Local stakeholders feel disappointed and powerless that after all a capitalistic model can erase efforts of transformation in one go. The project also never had the entire community behind it, only motivated individuals (about 20% of the total population) and especially not local elected members.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain),0000-0001-6296-4479,Certification of the Asturias octopus (Spain),https://stories.msc.org/es/pulpo-asturias/?_ga=2.122333835.1887354322.1672745992-1853920834.1672745992,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The goal of the initiative was to start the process of certification of Asturias octopus by the Marine Stewardship Council, a non-profit organization based in the UK. The MSC certification has been obtained after an independent assessment, through a participatory process carried out by the certifier Bureau Veritas, against the three principles of the world's most rigorous science-based environmental standard for sustainable fishing, the MSC Fisheries Standard: the health of the harvested fish stock, the impact of the fishery on the marine ecosystem and the effectiveness of its management, and has demonstrated that the octopus stock is in a healthy state and that the fishery is well managed, with minimal impact on the marine ecosystem.","In 2016, it became the first octopus fishery in the world to be certified as a sustainable and well-managed fishery according to the MSC global standard. The octopus fishery of western Asturias is also among the best managed in the world. Since certification, the fishery has generated numerous economic, social and environmental benefits, improved prices and access to new markets, and optimised the management and health of the Asturias octopus population. The fishery also provides essential food for local communities, and it also contributed to reduce the energy consumption of fuel due to the lower fishing days at sea after the certification of the fishery.",Southern Europe,Spain,Asturias,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2016,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,No,"Fisheries, Energy",,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Trade",,"Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines, Avoid past overexploitation of the fishery and atomization of the fisheries sector.",,,N/A - this is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The author notes that in order to improve the management  fishery resources the adoption of market solutions can provide good ways to recover fish stocks and to improve economic revenues of fishers over time. In collaboration with the regional government, fishers decided to follow the MSC certification protocol to differentiate the product in relation to other species (coming to the Spanish and international markets namely from Marocco).  They also decided to adopt a management plan that included a series of measures to control fishing effort, such as establishing a closed season from December to July, setting the minimum catch weight per fish at 1 kg and the total catch quota at 10 tonnes per year per vessel or per season, and also limiting the number of pots per vessel to 350. Fishers  were also aware that they were not getting value for money from their sustainable credentials, not least because prices and catches were not as stable as they would have liked. Fishers wanted to be more involved in decision-making and management by adopting a co-management system of the fishery. And most significantly, they felt that there was no way for the consumer to differentiate their product from other, less sustainable octopus fisheries.","The author notes that fishers  were also aware that they were not getting value for money from their sustainable credentials, not least because prices and catches were not as stable as they would have liked. Fishers wanted to be more involved in decision-making and management. But most significantly, they felt that there was no way for the consumer to differentiate their product from other, less sustainable octopus fisheries. On the economic front, the changes after the octopus certification have also been positive. The price paid for Marine Stewardship Council-certified octopus outperforms its non-certified rivals from other ports in the area by between 15.2% and 24.6%. Certification has also enabled fishers to access new markets in the USA, Switzerland, Denmark and Spain, and has helped them to reorganise the auction system, giving them more control over sales and stabilising prices. The cofradias (auction markets) are still interested in maintaining sales of part of their catches to local markets.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain),0000-0001-6296-4479,The Seafood Business for Ocean Stewardship Initiative,https://seabos.org/; https://seabos.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SeaBOS-progress-report-2017-2022.pdf; Osterblom et al. (2017) https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1704453114,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Seafood Business for Ocean Stewardship (SeaBOS) was launched in 2016 and is a unique collaboration between scientists and 10 of the world’s largest seafood companies across the wild capture, aquaculture and feed production sectors, and comprising over 600 subsidiary companies across 95 countries. The SeaBOS initiative is unique because of the cross-sector collaboration within the global seafood industry.  Together with leading scientists across disciplines and universities, they explore transformative risks and opportunities for the global seafood industry and key impact areas. The mission of SeaBOS is to lead a global transformation towards sustainable seafood production and a healthy ocean. ","The commitments from keystone actors to engage in a global coalition exceeded the expectations from the organizers and several participants. The SeaBOS initiative was perceived by companies to be unique, as it successfully connected (i) science and business, (ii) wild-capture fisheries and aquaculture, and (iii) companies from the three major markets for seafood. None of these three dimensions were perceived to exist in any other context. The SeaBOS initiative is unique because of the cross-sector collaboration within the global seafood industry. It involves ten of the world’s largest seafood companies representing over 10% of the world’s seafood production and comprising over 600 subsidiary companies. Together with leading scientists across disciplines and universities, they explore transformative risks and opportunities for the global seafood industry and key impact areas.
",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2016,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,no,"Fisheries, Water, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, co-creating a transformative space of the global seafood industry.",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows, Market interactions, Global coordination",,"Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,N/A-this is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Previous work on knowledge exchange between scientists and decision-makers suggest that SeaBOS is best described as a coproduction initiative between science and business, in which companies can develop their agency, to influence change across subsystems, thereby contributing to amplifying new norms of ocean stewardship. Outcomes from the two dialogues suggest that keystone actors have an interest in operating as global norm entrepreneurs, setting new agendas, standards, and ways of operating, which can potentially cascade through the seafood production system and also influence other actors shaping the ocean. Keystone actors can bridge knowledge systems and contribute to connecting companies, regions, and technologies based on a vision of ocean stewardship for the benefit of mankind. Similar examples of norm entrepreneurs are, for example, found in relation to environmental reporting schemes in national electricity sectors, environmental standards for the financial sector, and voluntary sustainability reporting for companies in general. There are no guarantees that this will happen, however. Previous experiences with voluntary environmental commitments show mixed results and illustrate the importance of audits, disclosure, and sanctioning mechanisms to ensure changes in behavior (Source: Osterblom et al. 2017; https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1704453114)","The collaboration was initiated (2016) and first coordinated (2016-2019) by the Stockholm Resilience Centre (SRC) at Stockholm University  with the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics at the Royal Swedish Academy of Science, the University of Lancaster, and the Stanford Center.  The SeaBOS model is based on a unique legal construct that is different from other industry-only associations or science-industry organizations. Developing and implementing a governance model that ensures independent science on the one hand, and science-based company action on the other, has been a core priority.The small group of 10 companies committed to the SeaBOS initiative is able to influence the strategic direction of more than 639 subsidiaries with operations in at least 93 different countries. This connectivity is creating new incentives for integrating sustainability concerns, because companies are operating on all continents, making them aware of the sustainability standards and requirement of all major markets. However, the sector is still relatively fragmented in different segments: for example, as illustrated by companies primarily catching tuna, whitefish, or small pelagic species, or engaging in aquaculture or in feeds. There also seem to be three major regional clusters of corporations based primarily in Asia, Europe, and North America, corresponding to the three dominant markets for seafood.",
Patrick Huntjens,patrick.huntjens@inholland.nl,LA,Transformative Change,Maastricht University,0000-0001-9089-317X,Sustainable and nature-inclusive agriculture,https://de-vala.nl/pilot-glb-het-markemodel/ https://de-vala.nl/uitrol-markemodel-naar-35-boerenbedrijven/,No,"Sustainable and nature-inclusive agriculture based on a system of stacked rewards and multiple value creation on water, soil, nature, climate and biodiversity ","Innovative example of a new governance model for realizing sustainable and nature-inclusive agriculture based on a system of stacked rewards and multiple value creation on water, soil, nature, climate and biodiversity ",Europe,The Netherlands,"Achterhoek, Province of Gelderland",,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2021,Yes,ongoing project,Years,"Pilot project will run for at least five years (since 2021), and positive impacts on ecology, water and biodiversity are already visible, and will increase in the coming decades","Agriculture, Water",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"This is part of the reflexive monitoring process being undertaken in this project. No clear answers yet on how interlinkages could be improved, but the project has a clear ambition and provides a innovative model for addressing interlinkages between Nexus elements through an integrated and collaborative governance approach.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Examples of collaborative governance are the Markemodel or the Midden-Delflandmodel.
In both models, used in the Achterhoek and Midden-Delfland regions in the Netherlands,
local authorities work together with the farmers and NGOs to determine on a subnational
scale what achievable quality goals are in the field of water quality, biodiversity, ammonia
and nitrate emissions, circularity, and agricultural nature management and search for
economic mechanisms to make this possible. A system of stacked rewards, including
payments for ecosystem services, is part of this. Both models are examples of collaborative
governance and steering based on shared values and goals (e.g., by using key performance
indicators) instead of more traditional top-down steering focused on measures. A value-based steering model increases the possibilities for multiple value creation and emphasizes
interdependence, mutual trust and shared responsibilities.",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,ABALOBI-Technological solutions to foster sustainable small-scale fisheries,https://abalobi.org/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","ABALOBI is a South African-based, global social enterprise. The mission is to contribute towards thriving, equitable, Climate Change resilient and sustainable small-scale fishing communities globally, through the joint development of Technology For Good. Its modular technology ecosystem, including our FISHER-to-MARKETPLACE and MONITOR solutions, are packaged as Software As A Service (SaaS). This service is underpinned by Community Development, a Community-Supported Fishery Model, Community-level Fisheries Improvement and Impact Measurement. The technologies and programmes poise small-scale fishers for social, economic and ecological sustainability. They  believe in participatory fisheries rebuilding strategies that consider ocean life and livelihoods. ","Fish With A Story – powered by ABALOBI – is much more than a premium quality seafood product. It is a movement to drive ecological, economic and social change in small-scale fisheries. It emphasises responsible sourcing, fair prices for small-scale fishers, traceability, transparent supply chains, low-impact fishing methods, 'eating with the ecosystem', local food systems and livelihoods. Fish With A Story provides a framework for fishers and patrons alike to steward marine resources creatively through a triple-bottom-line approach to sustainability. Fish With A Story is fully traceable 'from hook to cook'. As a consumer you can scan a QR Code accompanying your order to find out the full Story behind your seafood. You can trace the fish back to who caught it, where, when and how it was caught – it has a social and ecological Story!  You can even message the fisher who caught it and read their Story.",South Africa but with global scope,South Africa,South Africa,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector and third sector,,2015,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,No,"Fisheries, Services, Finance",,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Trade, Market interactions, Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of data collection, organisational structures and direct marketing opportunities. T",,,N/A-This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The initiative collaborated with small-scale fishing communities – who hold vast local knowledge and customs, but face significant social, ecological and economic challenges – to co-design and implement Technology For Good, and learning and market infrastructure programmes that offer data collection, organisational structures and direct marketing opportunities. This enabled small-scale fishers to become data owners, build organisational capacity, engage in transparent and traceable CSF-based supply chains, recognise the critical role of women, and addressed food security needs. Ultimately, fishers are poised to reposition in the value chain, rebuild their fisheries and help develop more ethical food systems as they journey towards social & ecological sustainability.","ABALOBI's programme helped to provide capacity building to more than 1370 participants. ABALOBI‘s programme of work is currently supported by The Happel Foundation, The Oak Foundation, The Michael & Susan Dell Foundation, Swedish Society for Nature Conservation Food & Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Goverment of Flanders, Allan Gray, WWF-Mediterranean, African Union, SAB Foundation, Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies (MACP).",
Clara Minaverry,clara.minaverry@gmail.com,LA,Nexus,"CONICET, UUniversidad Nacional de Lujan (Argentina)",https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0153-7224,"Environmental Law and the ecosystem approach in water management in the basin of the Luján river in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina","https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/124015,  http://www.redsocialesunlu.net/?p=2207, http://www.derecho.uba.ar/revistas-digitales/index.php/revista-electronica-gioja/article/view/588 ","Yes, and the vision is implicit","General objective: Analyze the existing level of integration between Environmental Law in the management of water and the ecosystem approach in the Luján river basin, from 2002 to 2022.
4.2 Specific objectives:
1. Evaluate the effectiveness of the legal norms applicable to the Luján river basin relating to the legal regulation of biodiversity and ecosystem services, in international, national, provincial, municipal levels, and technical standards (or voluntary) and its relationship with the ecosystem approach.
2. Analyze the environmental regulation of water and sanitation services in the municipalities that cross the Luján river basin of the Province of Buenos Aires, and its relationship with the principles of the ecosystem approach and the management paradigm
comprehensive water resources.
3. Analyze the perceptions and attitudes of the various actors that inhabit and operate in the lower basin of the Luján river between 2002 and 2022 on ecosystem services provided by aquatic ecosystems.
4. Identify existing tensions and conflicts in the various social actors institutions that operate in the Luján river basin in relation to pollution and degradation of water courses. ",Because analysing Environmental Law and public policies related to water can contribute to the future protection of ecosystems.,South America,Argentina,Province of Buenos Aires,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2023,Yes,No,Years,No,"Agriculture, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Industry",,"Temperate grasslands, Urban/Semi-urban",Socio-cultural region,More than 1000,More than 1000,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,-,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,-,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,-,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Population size, Urbanization, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, States",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,"Environmental public controls performed by agencies which often fails, law compliance, respect of regulations, and scientific intervention in these matters are key issues.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The research project will be starting in 2023 so we didn´t detect lessons learnt. One of the main questions (as my role of Director) that is interesting to investigate in this project is whether it is possible to link the two central lines of research: the legal protection of ecosystem services and the service and access to water drinking water by the inhabitants of the municipalities located within the basin of the Luján River, in the province of Buenos Aires. We will propose to reveal if there are aspects common to both problems, if they can make contributions that are useful to each one and that are synergistic with each other and if from the discipline of Law Environmental, additional tools can be provided to the existing ones.","Several studies on the Luján river basin have highlighted the relevance of the
pollution, particularly since the 1990s, due to the increase in the urbanization and industrial activity. It has been identified as the most serious problem of the basin the high contamination of both surface and surface water resources underground, from the area with the highest population and industrial density, from Mercedes to the mouth of the Luján river in the Paraná delta. perez Carrera, Parra and Cirelli (2012) analyzed the content of trace metals in samples of soil and plant surface water in the upper basin and detected levels of
contamination with metals, which in some cases were greater than the legal limits allowed. Based on these measurements, this study concludes that efforts to recover the quality of the Luján river should focus on the adequate treatment of the effluents and in compliance with current regulations regarding maximum levels discharge admitted in current regulations (Pérez Carrera, Parra and Cirelli, 2012).
From a water policy approach at the provincial level, Gutiérrez (2011) has demonstrated the low level of compliance with the principles of the IWRM paradigm: integrality, participation and decentralization. Only the first of them is forcefully incorporated into the legislation of the Province of Buenos Aires. Nevertheless, there is meager financial sustainability and limited tools for participation in order to implement those objectives.
This situation is contradictory to the ""Guiding Principles of Water Policy of the Argentine Republic"", which introduce concepts of IWRM, among them, the basins as planning units or decentralized environmental policy and participatory. These deficiencies in the implementation of the IWRM model are are linked to the limitations of the competence of the National State in water matter. However, the level of compliance with the principles of the ecosystem approach, nor its complementation with the IWRM paradigm, despite the fact that the various investigations ecological and hydroecological have pointed out the need to complement both approaches, both at the regional level of the Río de la Plata basin and at the local level. The level of integration between the environmental management of water and that of drinking water and sanitation services.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Chilean transformation of marine coastal resources,Gelcich et al. (2010) https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1012021107; Herrfahrdt-Pähle et al. (2020) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378019314116?via%3Dihub; Arias and Stotz (2020) https://www.thecommonsjournal.org/article/10.5334/ijc.1011/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The 1991 Fishery and Aquaculture Law No. 18 892 (FAL) adopted in Chile drastically reformed the right to fish within and between the industrial and artisanal fishing sectors. The FAL regulated mobility of the fleets through zoning, allocated exclusive territorial users rights for fisheries (TURFs), and introduced a differential individual transferable quota for fully exploited species. This legislation enabled a national-scale transformation in governance toward a more sustainable pathway, particularly for the socially and economically important artisanal sector.","The ""Loco"" fishery, historically the most economically important shellfish in Chile, and its collapse in the late 1980s served as a major trigger for governance transformation. Before its collapse, the Loco fishery operated under an open access regime, fishers had no incentives to cooperate, and short-term individualism prevailed. The Management and Exploitation Areas for Benthic Resources (MEABR) policy in Chile is the most innovative and transformative management instrument of the The 1991 Fishery and Aquaculture Law (FAL). The governance transformation represented by the MEABR policy improved the trajectory and dynamics of Chile's benthic coastal social-ecological system. The fishery success of the MEABR policy includes a significant increase in abundance and individual size of targeted resources within MEABR areas, in comparison with open-access sites that continue to be heavily harvested by fishers. Furthermore, MEABR areas also afford substantial benefits for biodiversity conservation, because they are effective no-take areas for all species other than the handful (generally two to five) chosen each year for harvesting. Moreover, the perceptions and environmental awareness of fishers who have engaged with the MEABR policy has changed markedly, with evidence of fishers themselves becoming environmental stewards. The new governance system created the conditions for the fisher communities to replace the role of an external authority, creating their own institutions. They established local rules for the extraction of the common pool resources and developed a surveillance system to curtail poaching within MEABR areas, although poaching is still one of the major management problems that must be addressed. ",South America,Chile,Chile,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,Both public and private sectors,,1991,Yes,Still ongoing,Decades,No,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Changes of the law and vision for marine resources  since the establishment of the democratic government in Chile",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"The state has a ""glass ceiling"" for how far it will support environmental protection measures, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,N/A-This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The author notes that results vary according to the particular dynamics of each TURF or the species exploited in it. But there exist no comprehensive analysis of the sustainability of the system in its integrity. Many benefits are attributed to TURFs, including a significant increase in the abundances of the main fisheries resources compared to sites with free access, as substantial instruments for conservation as well as an effective resource management option. Nevertheless, the performance of TURFs has been shown to be heterogeneous, observing good, as well as bad, cases, but there is a general consensus that this system has its advantages. Despite the beneficial results in some aspects, the implementation showed different dynamics. Some TURFs have managed to recover their populations, achieving success in the co-management of species, but others have shown economic problems.","Natural productivity given by upwelling within the Humboldt Current System makes Chile one of the most important fishery nations of the world. But this has not prevented that the history of overexploitation observed for world fisheries has been also locally repeated.  The Fisheries and Aquaculture Law (FAL) drastically reformed the right to fish within and between the industrial and artisanal fishing sectors. The FAL regulated mobility of the fleets through zoning, allocated exclusive territorial users rights for fisheries (TURFs), and introduced a differential individual transferable quota for fully exploited species. The FAL provided formal recognition of artisanal fishers and incorporated two new regulations that established user rights. First, artisanal fishers were assigned exclusive fishery access rights (to all species) within a zone that extends 5 nautical miles  from the shoreline along ca. 2,500 km of coast  and around Chilean oceanic islands. This regulation aimed to reduce conflict, especially between midscale artisanals and the industrial fleet. Second, the FAL assigned TURFs over inshore areas of seabed to registered artisanal fisher associations (unions, cooperatives) for the management of benthic resources. This regulation targets small-scale artisanals  as a response to overexploitation of benthic fisheries. ",
Claudia Munera-Roldan,claudia.munera@csiro.au,No role,I am member of the Transformative Adaptation Research Alliance (TARA),CSIRO / Fenner School of Environment and Society (Australian National University),0000-0003-0601-2312,Conservation futures: adapting Colombian protected areas to climate change,https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13280-018-1121-0; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1462901118307123,No,"Adapting protected areas to climate change requires addressing immediate threats to biodiversity while considering long term, uncertain and potentially transformative future climate induced changes, and examining if current strategies and practices are adequate to deal with future changes. Climate adaptation is often addressed as a technical/scientific problem, without considerations of the political and governance aspects related with future changes. The conservation futures project worked with protected area managers in Colombia, to create capacities to anticipate future ecological change, the implications of such changes in social and ecological values, and implications for governance. We document its application in a pilot programme in Colombia. ","We documented how the future-oriented approach helped protected area managers to understand climate adaptation as a governance issue, not just as a technical problem. Using four conceptual transitions, we document how managers in Colombia are rethinking management options considering a range of possible biophysical futures. Managers are preparing governance systems to deal with potential future transformations, and moving towards future-oriented practices considering social benefits of protected areas (e.g. water provision). They are also in the process to understand how to include local and Indigenous knowledge in management, to better understand climate impacts and support adaptation decision making processes.",South America,Colombia,"Central Andes (Quindio department), and Amazon (Putumayo and Caqueta departments)depart",,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2015,No,2018,changes are still ongoing,,"Water, Environment (protected areas)",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, to some degree also cultivated areas around the protected areas","cross scale: national, regional, local, individual",More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, not incentives, but capacity building",,,"Values, Migration",,"Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Future-oriented practices can help individuals and institutions to anticipate and prepare for future climate related transformations, offering a route to construct positive and desirable futures for conservation and for society","The conservation futures process was applied in Colombian protected areas, but it can be adapted to other climate adaptation contexts. The case in Colombia was supported by the fact that managers there were very interested in learning more about climate adaptation and already exploring options for transformative change. Other contexts might need to consider where practitioners and governance systems are at. ",
Håkon B. Stokland,hakon.stokland@nina.no,LA,Transformative Change,Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA),0000-0001-9668-8492,Protection of wolves and unintended transformative changes,https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340057656_Conserving_Wolves_by_Transforming_Them_The_Transformative_Effects_of_Technologies_of_Government_in_Biodiversity_Conservation,No,Protect wolves in Norway to have a viable population.,"It involves fundamental changes in society, agricultural production, infrastructure development, cultural understandings and attitudes, as well as in wolf numbers, location and behaviors.",Europe,Norway,Norway,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Opponent/resistant,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Public sector,,1967,Yes,N/A,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight negative effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,,,,,,,,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Environmental ideas and advocacy, knowledge production, policy changes",,,,"Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, States, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Policy-related challenges",,,"In order for the wolves to remain 'wilder' in a traditional sense, Norwegian society, food production and infrastrucctures would have to adapt much more to the returning wolves. That is not to say that would be favourable, but more inclusive and deliberative processes would be an improvement.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Protection of biodiversity can be successful although highly controversial, but also have unitended consequences",,
Jerneja Penca,jerneja.penca@zrs-kp.si,LA,Transformative Change,Science and Research Centre Koper,0000-0002-2817-3443,Small scale fisheries markets,final report at labmaf.eu,No,"To explore the potential of markets to revive and support a socially, economically  and environmentally sustainable small-scale fishing sector in the Mediterranean.",Because it has addressed the source of issues and created opportunities for more sustainable practices.,"Europe, Middle East, North Africa - Mediterranean","Spain, Portugal, France, Slovenia, Croatia, Turkey, lebanon, tunisia",Mediterranean,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Local intiaitives were funded by public and private sources, the project that addressed them as a research grant.",,2018,No,2021,Years,"Some initiatives were taking place in parallel, some in sequence (inspired by previous ones)","Fisheries, Small-scale producers, marine habitats",,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)","Multiple changes (at community, city-region, transnational state scale)",More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,Large positive effect,"Cultural heritage, identity of coastal communities",I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Regional policy processes",,,"Values, Population size, Market interactions, Subsidies",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,Accelerate local initiatives,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","That change can happen through small, local specific initiatives, but that a coordinated action among them adds visibility and importance to them.",,
Rosemary (Ro( McFarlane,romcfarlane@gmail.com,CLA,Nexus,"University of Canberra, Australia",https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8859-3776,SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS:  THEIRIMPACTS ON FORESTS AND PEOPLE  ,https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/sustainable-development-goals-their-impacts-on-forests-and-people/5FA75743F80CCE33751BD2095E5754DC https://www.iufro.org/science/wfse/sustainable-development-goals/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Examine the impact of addressing the SDGs on the forestry sector, forest conservation and forest-dependant populations, identifying synergies and trade-offs, to inform policy
The SDG 3 Health chapter (McFarlane et al, 2020) has 7 policy citations from FAO, UNEP, CGIAR etc https://plu.mx/plum/a/policy_citation?doi=10.1017/9781108765015.005, the entire body of work has had impact on the ","Deliberate, collaborative problem solving by industry associated experts",global,global,global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2017-2020,No,2019,Years,Policy impacts should have multiscale multisector impacts,Foresty,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub",Global,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,It is too early to directly attribute impacts to this review and arising policy. However having guidance for  forestry sectors internationally to review  operations in light of SDGs is a net positive,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Population size, Concentrated production",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges",,,This is an information synthesis and policy generation that supports transformation and nexus approaches- achievements (hopefully)  follow,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The forest-based sector is evolving to play an important role in the economic transformation to a sustainable circular bioeconomy. This has been particularly promoted by the European Forestry Commission, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) , equivalent Scandinavian bodies etc. Understanding the social, ecological as well as economic role of forestry is important for the sector but extending this to include forest dependant populations and conservation accross the 17 SDGs expands the perspective.","Narratives (as syntheses, assessments and policy guidance) are important catalyst to transformative thinking",
Kuang-Chung Lee; Paulina G. Karimova,kclee2000@gmail.com; pollyinusa@aol.com,LA,Nexus,National Dong Hwa University,,Integrated landscape-seascape approach for cross-sectoral coorepation and socio-ecological revitalisation in eastern coastal Taiwan,https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-16-9893-4_4; https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/7/4238; https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/1/408; https://panorama.solutions/en/solution/integrated-landscape-approach-revitalisation-indigenous-socio-ecological-production,No,"The full name of the initiative is Xinshe ""Forest-river-village-ocean"": eco-agriculture initiative (the Xinshe Initiative, etst. 2016). It is an integrated landscape-seascape approach (ILSA) aimed at restoration, revitalisation and long-term sustainable use of Xinshe socio-ecological production landscape and seascape (SEPLS) and enhacement of local livelihoods of Indigenous Amis (Dipit Tribe) and Kavalan (Paterungan Tribe) communities by the means of multi-stakeholder (including cross-sectoral and cross-tribal) cooperation and partnerships. Our team has been playing a facilitating/ bridging role in the ILSA process.","From the Nexus perspective, the Xinshe Initiative has enabled a cross-sectoral governance across all elements and actors of the nexus (biodiversity, water, food, health, and climate) for improved synergies at the local level. Six years since the start of the Xinshe Initiative, it's ecological and socio-economic impacts have already become visible, while the efforts are actively ongoing to date (until 2026 and beyond). From the TC perspective, the Xinshe Initiative has influenced other SEPLS across Taiwan (both on the east coast and across the whhole island). The Xinshe SEPLS has been a pilot case-study to demonstrate the on-the-ground effectiveness of ILSA, apply community-based monitoring and evaluation indicators and adjust adaptive co-management processes. To date, eight (8) other SEPLS from different parts of the island have been applying the Xinshe experiences to their local specifics. Please see our presentation here for more information: https://isap.iges.or.jp/2022/en/t11.html ",East Asia,"Taiwan, China","Hualien County, Fengbin Township, Xinshe Village ",,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2016,Yes,Planned until 2026,Years,"The ""observability"" of the TC potential of an intiative like Xinshe requires time. When working with such a high compexity of issues, stakeholders, actions, it takes about 2-3 years to start seeing the patterns and ""early harverst"" of our joint actions. This is specifically why the continuity of efforts is important.","Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Additional sectors: disaster risk reduction and marketing. Note: fisheries and health sectors became more prominent in the mid-term phase of the Xinshe Initiative (since 2021).",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Direct scale of change - community scale; indirect scale of change (by affecting other SEPLS around Taiwan) - country scale.,"Between 100 to 1,000, More than 1000",I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,No change,"The answers marked as ""no change"" in .p 15a above mean that these were not/ are not the issues experienced by the Xinshe SEPLS and, therefore, were not the the goal of the Xinshe Initiative - these aspecs have always been steadily positive throughout = experienced no change over the years.",No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,"The answers marked as ""no change"" in .p 15a above mean that these were not/ are not the issues experienced by the Xinshe SEPLS and, therefore, were not the the goal of the Xinshe Initiative - these aspecs have always been steadily positive throughout = experienced no change over the years.",Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Our apologies - we have selected more that three (3) options :) above are all the ones that apply.",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,"Migration, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,,"Working on the Xinshe Initiative has been a constant learning by doing process - for us as facilitators, for the communities and for the government agencies. When we began in 2016, there was not set of guidelines on how an ILSA like this could be put into practice - we had to experiment, co-create and work it all out together. Six + years past and looking back now, we realise that defining more explicit practical goals from the very beginning (e.g., area size under organic cultivation, ecosystems and species to be restored and conserved, local industries to be revived, etc.) could've been helpful (maybe). This is why in 2021-2022 we conducted a series of the Xinshe SEPLS Futures workshops to figure out these practical goals from a community perspective - to natigate or adaptive co-management processes towards 2026. But, on the other hand, not having it done earlier (between 2016-2020) might've also been beneficial and more natural, as we did not feel restrained in our efforts and were working on the most urgent issues at the time (""picking the low-hanging fruit""). As all roads lead to Rome, there could've been many ways to take us where we are today with the Xinshe ILSA.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","For a comprehensive summary of lessons learned (including challenges and opportunities), please kindly see Table A1 (Appendix A) in Karimova and Lee (2022): https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/7/4238 . Here we provide our brief summary points on the lessons learned:
- Setting of ecological, jurisdictional and/ or socio-cultural boundaries of an ILSA should be locally sensitive and achieved by the means of iterative and collaborative processes, while boundary checking with the engagement of multiple stakeholders is equally important for timely management adjustments;
- Multi-stakeholder partnership, cross-sectoral and cross-boundary co-operation are best attained through the “observe and involve” principle, where the stakeholder interest and willingness to engage is closely monitored and stimulated by the means of various facilitation tools and engagement strategies;
- Five socio-ecological perspectives of the Satoyama Initiative and 20 indicators of resilience in SEPLS are highly recommended to other ILSA practitioners who are looking for a suitable “starter pack” for environmental and socio-economic issue identification and monitoring and evaluation purposes. These tools may be further adapted in accordance with the place-based characteristics and ACM needs of a concrete ILSA;
- Monitoring and evaluation for adaptive co-management needs to be regular, consistent, locally sensitive, and participatory in nature, while the combination of TEK (ILK) and expert knowledge, qualitative and quantitative methodologies from social and natural sciences is most desirable. Communication of monitoring and evaluation results to all relevant stakeholders is key to the transparency and credibility of an ILSA; and
- Extending an ILSA “from -scape to scale” implies both sharing of its own experiences and learning from other case studies locally, regionally, nation-wide, and globally. The combination of relational, knowledge and political resources is likely to create an enabling environment for the success of upscaling processes.",Thank you so much for such a well-structured and comprehensive questionnaire. It has been a pleasure to fill it out.,
Claudia Monica Campos,claudia.monica.campos@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,IADIZA- CONICET,0000-0002-4978-5449, Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) conservation and sustainable use in Patagonia. ,"Carmanchahi, P. and Lichtenstein, G. (eds.). 2022. Guanacos and People in Patagonia, Natural and Social Sciences of Patagonia, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06656-6_9",No,"The project tries to show that  the use of guanacos may have a fundamental role in mitigating the desertification process of drylands, providing an economic alternative for local producers, and increasing the profitability of the land due to its aptitude for complementary or alternative uses. The use of guanaco fibre could become an important complement to regional economies, transforming this activity into an engine for local
socio-economic development, playing an important role in the conservation of the
species.
Guanaco conservation and sustainable use in Patagonia illustrates the importance of
approaching interlinked human and natural systems in a holistic way. The foreign
productive model imposed in Patagonia resulted in severe desertification and conservation threats to wildlife and its habitat. A native species became a pest to the new settlers and this image persists today. This narrative is promoted by livestock productive agencies and social media, and accepted by some environmental authorities due to an unbalanced political strength and lobby capacity between sectors: Argentina has always based a large part of its economy on livestock and agricultural commodities.","The guanaco sustainable use is a way to recouple social-ecological systems in Patagonia, to restore the cultural heritage of stewardship traditions, and to achieve habitat and species conservation. The on-going re-articulation process, along with continuous work with ranchers, might contribute to this end, contributing to revitalization, and updating of indigenous cultural references, identity affirmation, and rediscovery of local and community practices taking place in Argentina and Chile.",South America,Argentina,Patagonia,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1993,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Animal husbandry,,Deserts and xeric shrublands,Regional within country,More than 1000,"Between 100 to 1,000",Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustaible use of a native animal",,,,"Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,"Planning, design, and implementation of management programs and policies affecting guanaco populations require strengthening participatory processes involving all relevant stakeholders (i.e., ranchers, pastoralists, indigenous peoples, scientists, conservationists, and policymakers). Such schemes should have an adaptive management approach and knowledge co-production. They should include transparent co-participation in the follow-up, monitoring, and evaluation of processes, as well as the horizontal transmission of management results among stakeholders. Until now, an inorganic consultation and participation process continue, prioritizing contact with large landowners that have followed the logic of “invest little and earn a lot” in relation to guanaco use, with little concern for animals’ welfare because they are considered a pest.
Strong participation of the State is still necessary, both in the control of the productive processes and in the development and marketing of products. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","1) Nature conservation is a highly political process; 2) Guanaco conservation requires integrating scientific knowledge from disparate disciplines as well as LIK into decision-making and strengthening participatory processes; 3) The implementation of animal welfare protocols based on science is crucial to achieve guanaco sustainable use; 4) A transparent market for guanaco fibre should be established and added value at the local level
should be promoted; 5) Harvesting guanacos for meat requires filling information gaps; 6) The uncertainty regarding resource rights over guanacos and the unequal distribution of usufruct rights reduces the likelihood of producers becoming interested in joining the activity and instead promotes poaching; 7) Need for governmental support at different levels; 8) Need for work on policies at a regional scale.","The rationale behind guanaco sustainable use experiences is that by allowing the
commercial utilization of fibre obtained from live-shorn individuals, the development of positive local attitudes towards conservation would be encouraged. In turn, this should result in some or all of the following: a decrease in poaching; the replacement of introduced livestock with guanacos; an increase in tolerance for guanacos on private lands; better management of total grazing pressure; reduced land degradation; improving vegetation and biodiversity outcomes; and greater support for conservation measures. 
For this, it is necessary to establish marketing strategies that generate a demand for this product and ensure that this material comes from legal sources, certifying its traceability.
",
Pablo De La Cruz; TCA technical support unit,pedelacruzn@gmail.com,LA,Nexus,Any,0000-0002-8974-9979,Strengthening of indigenous and local knowledge through the elaboration of ecological calendars in the Colombian Amazon.,"https://www.scielo.br/j/aa/a/VYjsfHbFsqYzkVQVFMzXnQw/
https://www.opiacescuela-copaiba.info/single-post/2020/10/26/quinto-m%C3%B3dulo-de-formaci%C3%B3n-calendario-ecol%C3%B3gico",No,"For thirty years, indigenous organizations, with the support of NGOs and state organizations, have been promoting a line of action and research to strengthen the self-government of local, community and government organizations in the indigenous territories and reservations of the Amazon. The contributions of anthropologists and indigenous knowledgeable people, the experiences between indigenous, departmental and national authorities of capacity building, conservation and ""sustainable"" development. Through the dialogue of knowledge approach, dialogue tasks have been inspired and undertaken among the actors to promote the creation of means of expression and representation of knowledge, to systematize the knowledge of the people on the ecosystemic changes of the biocultural, climatic and seasonal cycles, these exercises of gathering information and capturing it in graphic and written form have been known as the ecological calendars. 
The ecological calendar is a concept that has been adopted to describe the knowledge about the use and management that indigenous communities make of nature and productive systems.
The ecological calendar is a community process, induced by the action of indigenous leaders, researchers, officials and activists interested in generating community learning experiences in which indigenous and scientific ecological knowledge is collected in relation to: local and empirical knowledge of animals, plants, soils and landscapes. Identification and taxonomy of species, histories, distribution and behavior. Natural resource management systems, use of local knowledge, and an appropriate set of practices, tools and techniques and ecological practices of ecological processes, such as functional relationships between key species and forest succession. 
","Through the participatory and transdisciplinary exercise of elaboration of the ecological calendars, different cultural, ecological and social elements are related to the use and management of biodiversity in indigenous territories and at the same time it becomes a way to share knowledge and strengthen intergenerational learning.",Amazonia South America,Colombia,Amazonia,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000,Yes,It is a multipath ongoing process,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Socio-cultural region,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,Slight positive effect,Positive effect of recognition of land rights,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Biodiversity valuation for income needs,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Any,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management",,,,None,,,"Values, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Despite the efforts of local organizations, NGOs and some governmental institutions, the ecological calendars should be recognized at a level that gives indigenous actors the status of environmental authorities in the region. ",,
Miles Richardson,m.richardson@derby.ac.uk,LA,Transformative Change,University of Derby,,Pathways to Nature Connectedness,http://bit.ly/NatureConnectionHandbook https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/26395916.2020.1844296 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0177186  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149777   https://www.yha.org.uk/generationgreen  ,No,Multiple projects using same framework,Multiple projects (with over 1 million participants) using same framework to improve the human-nature relationship which has a causal relationship with pro-nature behaviour ,Europe,United Kingdom,National,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,None,,2018,Yes,n/a,Months,Variable,"Health, Services",,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,Stronger relationship with nature,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,,,Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",It's possible to 'scale-up' from experience design to applying the framework at a larger scale.,,
Claudia Monica Campos,claudia.monica.campos@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,IADIZA- CONICET,0000-0002-4978-5449,Anti-mining movement in Argentina.,"Walter, M. and Wagner, L. 2021. Mining struggles in Argentina. The keys of a successful story of mobilisation. The Extractive Industries and Society. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2021.100940",No,"The study shows that environmental justice struggles could be see as a potential source of TC. They include: public mobilization (media-based activism, street protests, public campaigns, blockades, artistic actions, strikes, land occupation, occupation of public spaces), networking-alliances (development of networks, involment of national and international NGOs), institutional strategies (formal petitions, lawsuits, referenda, objections to environmental impact assessments) and counter-knowledge strategies (alternative knowledge creation, arguments for the rights of mother earth, participative research, appeals to economic valuation of environment, development of alternatives). 
","This TC can create a path for political participation from outside the existing structural constraints for questioning established social orders and building emancipatory tools. 
Defence of livelihood in mining conflicts should not be understood only as the protection of a source of subsistence and income, but also as the protection of its embedded meanings, values and identities. (Eco)territorial defense against plunder, anti-dispossession, anti-colonialism, social justice.",South America,Argentina,Argentina,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2003,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Water, Energy, Industry",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats",Among countries,I don't know,More than 1000,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Concentration of wealth",,,"The participation of some social actors (like technicians and scientists) is weak. Their involvement would help to more strongly substantiate the impact of unsustainable activities and to demand that the role of the state as controller of impacts be properly fulfilled. 
If people trusted on the control capacity of the state, surely they would not feel the constant threat of large scale mining involving large transnational capitals and high industrialised activity. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The notion of the ‘‘right to decide” has been raised as a key concern of communities where projects are seen as imposed. The movements that mobilise against mining activities can be framed as Environmental Justice Movements (EJM).
The spread of anti-mining mobilisations has been related to a cascade effect of previous conflicts in Latinamerica that triggered a learning process about the impacts of mining activities and the power of social mobilisation.
Argentina is a federal country and allows semi-direct democratic instruments (local plebiscites or referenda on environmental issues). The mining decision makers are close to the sites of conflict and it forces them to face more political accountability. The movements drived to plebiscites, and reached national media. As a result, provincial and national laws were sanctioned.
The most significant outcomes: the stopping of projects (cancellations or temporal suspensions) in 20 out of the 38 cases. In 2007, the Law 7722 (""Guardian of Water"") was passed; it regulates metal mining activity by prohibiting the use of toxic chemical substances, in the province of Mendoza. It is considered a true manifestation of social consensus, since it integrated the feeling of people regarding the care of the environment and water.",,"Large scale mining can lead to conflicts: 38 large scale mining conflicts in Argentina (2002-2018). Communities mobilising against large scale mining are reacting to: 1) perceived or visible environmental impacts, 2) lack of information, representation and participation in decision making processes, 3) lack of monetary compensation, 4) distrust of the state (lack of independence and control capacity) and mining companies."
Martina Propedo,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,Rio Negro University,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,A social–ecological perspective on harmonizing food security and biodiversity conservation,DOI 10.1007/s10113-016-1045-9,No,"Food security and biodiversity conservation are intimately connected, most obviously through agricultural production—which is widely recognized as a driver of biodiversity decline, but also a key factor in ensuring that sufficient food is available at any given scale. The aim of the articule is to demonstrate that the production-oriented perspective on agricultural production is narrow-view. In many instances, a lack of food production is not the main reason why people are food insecure; barriers to access and distribution—including poverty—often matter more. Both biodiversity conservation and food security are influenced by many variables beyond agricultural production For example, equity, empowerment, and good governance are important for both conservation and food security. An integrated social–ecological systems approach is needed because agricultural landscapes are complex adaptive systems nested across scales which affect both human well-being—including food security—and ecosystems. ",A conceptual model that allow to integrate socioeconomic variables and biophysical variables affecting agricultural production is needed if we seek to act in an holystic manner to adress biodiversity loss without compromising the availability of food in front of the uprising demand. The example show two different types of farming that lead to opposite outcomes in terms of biodiversity and food security. ,South America,Brazil,Cerrado region,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,I don’t know,,2016,Yes,N/A,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,I don´t know,,,"Changes in primary sector, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","To advance the conceptual approach, the study recommend three research priorities. First, it would be useful to comprehensively and systematically review existing literature to ascertain which system properties have been shown to influence food security or biodiversity conservation, or both, and to understand the strength and nature of these influences. Second, we see an urgent need for major empirical research investigating the nexus of food security and biodiversity conservation through a more systems-based approach. Finally, it would be useful to accompany such broadscale research with in-depth social–ecological studies in selected rural landscapes that are potentially food insecure and contain at-threat biodiversity.",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Problue-The World Bank’s Blue Economy Program,https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/problue/overview; World Bank (2021) https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/412571635838102176/pdf/PROBLUE-2021-Annual-Report.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","PROBLUE is a new Multi-Donor Trust Fund, housed at the World Bank, that supports the development of integrated, sustainable and healthy marine and coastal resources. With the Blue Economy Action Plan as its foundation, PROBLUE contributes to the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14) and is fully aligned with the World Bank’s twin goals of ending extreme poverty and increasing the income and welfare of the poor in a sustainable way.","PROBLUE supports work in every World Bank region of the world. This includes cross-sectoral initiatives and global activities. As of June 30, 2022, PROBLUE has increased its overall portfolio of technical activities to $94.14 million in support of 143 activities in 80 economies. The initiative is substantially helping countries to develop blue economies contributing to sustainable oceans and well-being of people who depend on them.",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2018,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Market interactions, Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"The state has a ""glass ceiling"" for how far it will support environmental protection measures, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,N/A-This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The blue economy program is highly innovative as it covers multiple sectors, about 61 percent of PROBLUE activities are in collaboration with teams outside the Bank's Environment, Natural Resources and Blue Economy practice. This includes teams from the Urban, Social, Tourism, Agriculture, Transport, Health, Energy, Climate Change, Gender, and other global practices (GPs) and practice groups. Involving critical needs in each of the country/region involved served to address key challenges and/or needs to tackle different pillars of the program.","PROBLUE is organized around four pillars: 1) improved fisheries governance and sustainable aquaculture; 2) marine litter and pollution management; 3) the blueing of oceanic sectors; and 4) integrated seascape management. Support for these pillars, and for important cross-cutting topics such as gender equality, climate change, and mobilizing finance for development (MFD), allows for comprehensive responses to the challenges facing our oceans.",
Claudia Monica Campos,claudia.monica.campos@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,IADIZA- CONICET,0000-0002-4978-5449,"Local ecological knowledge to improve large terrestrial mammal surveys, build local capacity and increase conservation opportunities.","Camino, M., Thompson, J., Andrade, L., Cortez, S., Matteucci, S. D. and Altrichter, M. 2020. Using local ecological knowledge to improve large terrestrial mammal surveys, build local capacity and increase conservation opportunities, Biological Conservation 244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108450.",No,"This study evaluated different LEK-methods for surveying large terrestrial mammals (locally-based surveys (LBS) and interviews) in comparison with standard scientific methods (transect sampling and camera-trapping). It compared the performance and costs (time and money) of the methods. Additionally, it analysed the ability of LBSs to build local capacity, empower communities and develop legitimate and successful conservation initiatives. ","This could be a TC because it involves the co-production of knowledge and conservation initiatives, based on scientific and local knowledge and practices.  ",South America,Argentina,Dry Chaco ecoregion,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2011,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Foresty, Native fauna",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,"The project needs to be sustained over time, expand its impact spatially, and manage to influence governance.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Locally based surveys have ability to build local capacity, empower communities and develop legitimate and successful conservation initiatives. The implementation of protected areas, wildlife corridors, programmes of ecological restoration and reforestation, need consider that remaining natural ecosystems of the Dry Chaco are lands of indigenous people and  small-scale farmers. They will have relevant roles in the conservation and in monitoring biodiversity of natural ecosystems.",Top-down conservation initiatives may not be optimal for the region. Decision-makers and other stakeholders have to work horizontally with local communities to design and implement initiatives regarding biodiversity conservation and sustainable use. ,
Martina Propedo; TCA technical support unit,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,Rio Negro Univerisity,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,Delivering “less but better” meat in practice—a case study of a farm in agroecological transition,https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13593-021-00737-5,No,"To avoid expansion of arable land (one of the main causes of biodiversity loss) the overall number of livestock and associated consumption of animal-source foods would need to decrease. One choice is extensively reared livestock, where agricultural production is aligned with local ecosystems according to agroecological principles, building on the integration of livestock into mixed farming systems, and as utilizers of pasture biomass. The study contributes to previous research by articulating the links between agroecology and the concept “less but better” and to previous work on assessing the sustainability of meat by combining a holistic assessment encompassing ecological, social, economic, and governance dimensions with additional quantitative and qualitative analysis of climate impact, contribution to global food security, economic performance and effects on working conditions.","Agroecological transitions are an example of TC since they address technical and social changes in one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss. In particular, grain production to feed animals for human consumption is one of the main drivers of the expansion of the agricultural frontier, while meat production is one of the main emitters of greenhouse gases. Both contribute directly and indirectly to biodiversity loss. Reducing meat consumption is necessary but not sufficient. It is essential to transform the mode of production towards more sustainable agriculture and livestock farming. This paper presents a solid case of TC as it includes a comprehensive holistic study of the transition’s impact on sustainability in different dimensions: environmental, social, economic and governance. The results are concrete and combine different study methods, including the calculation of indicators, the analysis of economic databases and interviews with rural workers.",Europe,Sweden,East-central ,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2017,Yes,N/A,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Individual,Between 10 to 100,Up to 10,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,Slight negative effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,None,,,"Values, Changes in primary sector",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of transformative change, but several factors beyond the producers' control can affect sustainability and may not be visible in the short-term evaluations. The same applies to observing the results of the transition in terms of economic impact. In this sense, the importance of carrying out this type of study over a longer period is highlighted.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This work has provided reliable evidence that the transition to sustainable production systems is possible through agroecological practices. The 'less but more' approach proves that reducing meat consumption and integrating animals intelligently into the system is key to agricultural production. However, the change achieved may not be enough and trade-offs and synergies between different aspects of sustainability need to be considered. And, importantly, the success of transitions will depend to a large extent on the relationship with buyers, as changes may mean lower yields in the early stages, and producers will need sales to sustain the approach long enough to see the benefits.",,
Iago Otero,iago.otero@unil.ch,LA,Transformative Change,"Interdisciplinary Centre for Mountain Research, University of Lausanne",,Towards a coexistence with wildfire ,http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718517302191,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Fire is not an enemy but an integral part of the landscape, especially (but not only) in the Mediterranean. Instead of trying to suppress wildfire at all costs, we can learn to coexist with it. This requires changing our culture and our institutions and adapting the landscapes so that they cannot burn at high intensity. For this, it is necessary to develop an alternative economic system that relies on local resources from forests, fields, and pastures thus reducing the fuel load in the landscapes. ","Transitioning towards this goal requires a set of interrelated transformations (institutional, cultural, ecological, etc.) and has implications across several sectors (climate and land-use change, biodiversity, energy and food systems, etc.). ",Europe,Spain,Catalonia,Opponent/resistant,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,1998-1999,Yes,It did not finish yet (see question 8b).,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Energy, Public/governmental service (Fire Department) ",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,The initiative has triggered a slight positive cultural change towards accepting that wildfire is part of nature and should not (always) be suppressed at all costs. ,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,"The initiative triggered new business/economic opportunities related to extensive grazing, firefighting equipment/tools, and 'social engineering' to build resilience to wildfires (for example through social cooperatives).  ",Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Note that I chose 'other' because it was mandatory. Nothing to add though. ,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Urbanization, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Policy-related challenges, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,I don't know. ,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Large-scale perturbations (wildfires) can trigger social re-organization to adapt to risk. This in turn activates transformative change processes at different levels, including accepting that wildfire is part of nature and should not always be suppressed. Coexistence with wildfire implies transformed landscape mosaics with a slightly positive effect on biodiversity and NCP which is potentially scalable. ",,
Martina Propedo,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,Rio Negro University,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,How public catering accelerates sustainability: a German case study,https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01183-2,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The aim of this initiative is to encourage people to change their eating habits by adopting a more sustainable diet that contribute to mitigating negative environmental impacts such as climate change or biodiversity loss. To this end, it carries out a comprehensive review of the recipes used in business catering in Germany, evaluating different scenarios with increasing levels of intervention (from less to more dietary and scientific recommendations) and determining the environmental impact of a dish and how it can be optimised.","Effective action in this subject area can bring us a step closer to a sustainable society, as changing consumption patterns can not only improve people's health and well-being, but also reduce environmental impact and make more effective use of resources. It is important to make progress on these initiatives, which address complex issues involving the socio-economic context, the specific needs and perceptions of the public and the organization of service providers. Once completed, they can lead to concrete policy measures to bring about changes in people's values that lead to sustainable consumption.",Europe,Germany,National,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,Public sector,,N/A,Yes,N/A,Years,,"Health, Industry",,I don´t know,Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Producing and consuming food sustainably",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, States",,"Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"For this work to be scalable, it would be important to increase the number of caterers and work with larger databases, in different seasons, with better testing of new sustainable recipes. It would be beneficial to study the public's preferences in order to choose strategies that are more widely accepted. At the same time, changing habits requires a comprehensive approach that includes different meals throughout the day and a global vision of the weekly menu. At the same time, the need to overcome obstacles at the organizational level of suppliers is mentioned.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Even small changes in our consumption patterns can contribute to the collective effort to reduce the carbon footprint of human activities, but achieving a change in the public's personal choices requires intensive, participatory work that is carefully planned over the long term. Exploring multiple scenarios that integrate representative data sets is essential to arrive at solutions that are well accepted by consumers. Needs and expectations are factors that must be taken into account if we are to achieve transformative change.",,
Martina Propedo,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,Rio Negro University,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,"Sacred Groves: Myths, Beliefs, and Biodiversity Conservation—A Case Study from Western Himalaya, India",https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3828609,No,"Sacred Groves are the relic forest segments preserved in the name of religion and culture. They manifest the spiritual and ecological ethos of rural indigenous communities. As a way of conservation of nature, SGs have proven to be a well-tried and tested method over thousands of years. The aim of the study was to document (i) the floral and faunal diversity of two SGs of Western (Garhwal) Himalaya and (ii) the myths, beliefs, and taboos related to biodiversity conservation in these SGs.","Sacred Groves, in addition to protecting biodiversity directly, are part of and promote a vision of nature as sacred. Changing the values of how we understand nature is fundamental to generating transformative change. ",Asia,India,Uttarakhand,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,thousands years ago,No,N/A,centuries,,No economic sector,,I don´t know,Community,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,None,,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,"Like many natural areas that have managed to remain undisturbed for long periods of time, the Sacred Groves are now threatened by exploitation, climate change and pollution. On the one hand, it is important to have official and up-to-date regulations that protect them with the same rigor as the communities that guard them; on the other hand, it is necessary to communicate and educate about their benefits, since many of them are reservoirs of species that have not yet been described and that, in addition to their intrinsic value as species, may have significant value for our health, food or general well-being.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Sacred groves have been revered, protected, and promoted by indigenous communities for thousands of years. The beliefs surrounding them have allowed us to live in harmony with their resources, without the need for technological intervention or the depletion of their reserves. Respecting traditions and giving them a place in the socio-economic dynamics that govern our present is of paramount importance for cultural identity and its perpetuation, but we can also learn from their customs and integrate them into our practices in order to reconcile productivity with the conservation of our natural heritage.",,
Akira Mori,akkym@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp,LA,Transformative Change,University of Tokyo,0000-0002-8422-1198,National trust movement to restore biodiversity and naturally functioning ecosystems in northern Japan,"Many sources (e.g., https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112721003418; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/rec.13681; https://appliedecologistsblog.com/2016/01/26/tackling-biodiversity-conservation-issues-in-japan/)",No,"In northern Japan, the pristine forest was once cultivated, but the land was later abandoned nearly a half century ago, and the subsequent resort development project was the additional threat to the pristine environment. Then, the National Trust movement, led by the local government, bought up the land and donated it to the municipality with donations from people all over the nation. ","In the early stages of forest restoration project, the main focus was on creation of simplified plantations, followed by 40-50 years of trials to restore biodiversity of not only the forests, but also the rivers and oceans connected to the forests. Based on adaptive management, the project is aimed at restoring naturally functioning forests as it should be. Collaboration among different sectors and stakeholders is continuing under the philosophy of ""learning by doing.",Asia,Japan,Hokkaido,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,ca 1970s,Yes,NA,Decades,,Services,,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight negative effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Changes in primary sector, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,Not sure,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Stakeholders have learned how to face uncertainties and how the command-and-control is a misconception.,"Various trials and efforts have contributed not only to the restoration of nature, but also to the support of local communities through education, cultural fostering, and capacity planning. Although it began as a grassroots movement and still funding is not abundant, nature restoration activities continue with flexibility and creativity, looking two centuries into the future.",
Martina Propedo,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,Río Negro University,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,"Incorporating livelihoods in biodiversity conservation: a case study of cacao agroforestry systems in Talamanca, Costa Rica",DOI 10.1007/s10531-007-9192-4,No,"The objectives of this study are to: (1) examine factors influencing the presence of cacao agroforestry systems in the landscape of Talamanca within a livelihoods framework, and (2) identify strategies to mitigate abandonment of cacao agroforestry systems in Talamanca, with potential applications for other regions where cacao is grown.","Agroforestry systems have great potential to meet biodiversity conservation goals while maintaining highly productive agricultural systems to meet the world's growing demand for food. These initiatives are important for halting the advance of deforestation and diversifying sources of employment for small-scale producers, especially those belonging to displaced communities and with high poverty rates. ",Central America,Costa Rica,Talamanca,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,1980,Yes,N/A,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,Between 10 to 100,Between 10 to 100,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity, Concentration of wealth, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,Continued research on feasible monilia control methods for farmers in Talamanca is needed in order to raise cacao yields and income generated from cacao agroforestry systems. Policies that provide incentives for organic production and cacao agroforestry systems are necessary if agroforestry systems with organic products are to expand beyond current levels. Technical support from government extension agencies and NGOs would provide incentives to keep cacao in production.  Institutional support for cacao on the local level could also be improved by providing better access to tools and credit options for households interested in improving management practices.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Producing cacao as a livelihood strategy remains bound to a variety of local, regional, and global factors. It is important that studies on improving the welfare of producers with difficult access to resources integrate these factors through extension tools. Obstacles such as land tenure conflicts, high market competitiveness, complications in access to infrastructure arise from interaction with communities. ",,
Rachel Golden Kroner,rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,AAAS,,Bury the Chains: The British Struggle to Abolish Slavery,https://archives.history.ac.uk/1807commemorated/media/reviews/bury.html,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Abolition of slavery,"The abolition of slavery, primarily in the British Empire, has been used in the literature as analogy for today’s sustainability transformations (e.g. Hochschild, 2005; Azar, 2007; Linnér and Wibeck, 2019; Chapin III et al., 2022). Similar to today’s fossil-based resource demanding economy, the slave trade was a practice long seen as essential to the world economy: “the thought that anyone might ever want to ban this lucrative business was inconceivable” (Hochschild, 2005, p. 14). Even after the abolition of slavery in the British Empire, slave-worked plantations continued to be profitable well into the 1860s in other countries (Blackburn, 2011). So, it was not primarily economic self-interest but other arguments, not least moral ones, that were the core motives for abolition. The abolition of slavery illustrates that the priorities and values of the general public can change within a relatively short period. Still, grave conditions remained in the plantation and ending modern slavery is included in SDG target 8.7, which illustrates the continuous transformative process.",global,Global,n/a,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,not necessarily spurred by a direct funding mechanism,,there are varying historical opinions on this,Yes,n/a,Decades,Not yet completed,"Agriculture, Services, Industry",,many; worldwide phenomenon,Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,I don´t know,,,,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,,,Structural transition,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Large scale changes are possible, even when there are significant economic implications. The changes can take decades or centuries. ",I would like to have the opportunity to update this entry as new information becomes available from other colleague.,
Rachel Golden Kroner,rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,AAAS,,Montreal Protocol,https://www.unep.org/ozonaction/who-we-are/about-montreal-protocol,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Repair the hole in the ozone layer,"In 1985, scientists identified a hole in or severe thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica (Farman et al., 1985) which was caused by ozone-depleting substances called chloroflourocarbons (CFCs). CFCs were used widely as refrigerants, in aerosol sprays, and other consumer products. Ozone depletion has negative impacts for human and ecological health (e.g. marine ecosystems, plants). In response to evidence about the ozone hole, governments universally ratified the Montreal Protocol in 1987; the initial agreement phased out the use of CFCs and halons. Additional amendments in 1990, 1992, and 1997 phased out other chemicals and accelerated the phase-out process. The Montreal Protocol is considered to-date the only successful international environmental agreement. The policy intervention efficiently addressed a simple yet global problem, in part because a technical solution was available - substitutes for CFCs. The ozone hole is on track to heal by 2060 (UN 2018). ",global,Global,global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,I don’t know,,1985,Yes,n/a,Decades,"""The discovery of a hole in the Ozone Layer was first announced by three scientists from the British Antarctic Survey, in May 1985.

According to the Panel’s report, if current policies remain in place, the layer is expected to recover to 1980 values by 2040.

Over the Antarctic, this recovery is expected by around 2066, and by 2045 over the Arctic. 

Variations in the size of the Antarctic ozone hole, particularly between 2019 and 2021, were driven largely by meteorological conditions. 

Nevertheless, the Antarctic ozone breach has been slowly improving in area and depth, since the year 2000."" https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/01/1132277",Industry,,"Permafrost/glacial habitats, global, but concentration of impact in the Antarctic",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people,,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Global coordination",,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","International cooperation to solve a global problem based on science and calls from the scientific community is possible.
Healing the ozone layer requires decades.
Available technologies to substitute for CFCs enabled the agreement to come together.",,
Rachel Golden Kroner,rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,AAAS,,Energy transitions,https://coaltransitions.org/ and many others,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","transition away from fossil fuels, including a just transition","The literature includes a large set of examples on energy transitions. For instance, historically, rising oil prices led to a strong transformation in many countries (Acar and Lindmark, 2017). Preceding the oil crises of 1973 and 1979, oil had transformed the economies and energy systems in the western countries after WWII. Cheap oil flowed into Western Europe after 1948 and it was also a commodity that was included in the Marshall plan. In short, oil was an integrated part of the technologies, industrial and geographical structures that emerged around the internal combustion engine. As such it was an important determinant for several structural changes during the period. Furthermore, oil did not only substitute for other energy carriers, such as coal, but was also added on top of the existing energy systems, allowing an overall increase of the energy use. Not the least, heavier oils were used in thermo-electrical power plants and for domestic heating. This confluence of factors had by the 1970s made several OECD countries dependent on oil as a strategic energy commodity over which considerable market power could be exercised. 
Increasing energy prices means that the conversion efficiency of energy into an economic service flow must be improved, if the service flow is to remain constant. This is why the oil crises of 1973 and 1979 constituted a powerful transformation pressure and incentive for technological change in the western economies. In the aftermath of these crises, it became an important political objective to decouple oil from economic growth. This ‘oil dependency’ made the western world vulnerable to embargos. Acar and Lindmark (2017) shows that the decoupling was indeed successful, which was compatible with period specific occurrences, such as the introduction of an active climate policy with the EU ETS as a system. Moreover, the coal industry underwent substantial structural changes in the 1970s and the 1980s, with the coal miners’ strike in the UK in the early 1980s as an example.
In the extant literature, energy transition implies the transformation of the modes of energy production and consumption, which mainly targets the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by limiting or reducing consumption of fossil fuels (Swartenbroekx, 2018). It entails the deployment of renewable energy, which met around 13% of global final energy demand in 2020 (REN21, 2022). Yet, as the energy transition is land-based (e.g., wind farms can be based onshore or offshore, space is needed in order to install solar panels, or water dams affect landscape around, etc.), there are also large controversies on the impacts of these transitions given current power structures and possible external costs on the environment and society (despite being negligible when compared to the externalities from fossil fuel use). For instance, the transition to biofuels that took place particularly in the tropical countries has triggered fear about an unstoppable process of “destroying rainforests, wrecking ecosystems, leaching the soil, creating fertilizer and pesticide runoff s that will poison the oceans” (Mathews, 2008: 112). Besides, the transition needs to be accelerated and reflected in dedicated and coherent policies and regulations under the urgency of climate change mitigation, which is vital for biodiversity and the protection and restoration of ecosystem services.
Recently, the literature focuses increasingly on just energy transformations toward decarbonisation of regions where there has been a historical dependence on fossil fuel industry parts. These examples suggest that a successfully managed coal mining transition can take up to 25 years to ensure new jobs for the workforce, regional economic restructuring, and new investment in business alternatives (www.coaltransitions.org). They also indicate the need for a sense of security in times of structural, legitimate dialogue processes, proactive social movement discourse, national or regional transition bodies, providing funding for diversifying of current industries, job retraining programmes, regional infrastructure investments, and “soft attractiveness factors” (e.g., beautification, education investments or enhanced internet access (e.g. Newell and Simms, 2020; Herdic, 2019; Crowe and Li, 2020; Olson-Hazboun, 2018; Snyder, 2018).",several Western countries (e.g Europe),n/a,n/a,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,I don’t know,,1970s during oil crises,Yes,n/a,Decades,"a successfully managed coal mining transition can take up to 25 years to ensure new jobs for the workforce, regional economic restructuring, and new investment in business alternatives",Energy,,"multiple, if not all (fossil fuel emissions affect climate change, which affects all biomes)",Other,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production,,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,,,"Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Financial flows",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Crises present opportunities for transformation,,
Rachel Golden Kroner,rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,AAAS,,Seeds of change,http://healthinharmony.org,No,tropical forest conservation," 
Illegal logging in tropical rainforest in Indonesian Borneo, combined with poor quality of life for local people is a major issue in this region. By listening carefully (called ‘radical listening’) to the needs of local people, the founder of Health in Harmony learned that much illegal logging was happening because people needed money for health care. She devised a solution that involved providing free or low cost health care to communities that agreed to work together to stop illegal logging. Health care came from volunteer North American doctors, who eventually trained local doctors in Borneo. She started work in Gunung Palung National Park, reconnecting rainforest ‘health’ to human health, and has now expanded to other areas. The outcome is that 52,000 ha of rainforest have been regenerated, and there has been a 90% decline in illegal logging households, plus 120,000 people now able to access health care, a 67% decline in infant mortality, and a 54% decline in births per mother. (For more data, see Jones et al. 2020. Improving rural health care reduces illegal logging and conserves carbon in a tropical forest. PNAS 117 (45): 28515-28524, as well as http://healthinharmony.org, 
",Asia,Indonesia,West Kalimantan,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,I don’t know,,late 2010s,Yes,n/a,Years,,"Foresty, Health",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,Incentives and capacity building,,,heath care system,,Financial insecurity,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The power of ""radical listening"" to hear what a community needs in order to improve sustainability.",,
"Rachel Golden Kroner, Lyla Mehtan",rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,AAAS,,Transformation in the coastal city of  Mumbai,https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/a-fresh-catch-of-plastic-waste/article17444206.ece,No,"clean up coastal ecosystem, enhance local biodiversity in urban creeks  (especially mangroves), deal with plastic pollution  and revive artisanal fishing","In urban Mumbai, coastal ecosystems and wetlands (e.g. mangrove forests and biodiversity creeks) have been systematically appropriated by the state and private actors for commercial and infrastructure development purposes. These combined with flooding, sea-level rise and coastal erosion have created severe risks for coastal regions and their populations, especially the Koli fishers, the native fishing community in Mumbai.  To address these issues, an innovative fishing net installation was co-created in synergy with the Koli community and think tank Bombay 61, which has traditionally served as the first line of defense for the coastal ecosystem of the city. This initiative has collected around 500 kg of waste from a single outlet in Malad creek in three days. This not only helps clean the creek and local mangroves but will also revive local fishing livelihoods around the creek for the artisanal fishers. ",Asia,India,Mumbai,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2016,Yes,n/a,Years, The time scales were affected by the pandemic and the political challenges in the state,"Fisheries, Water",,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",city; sociocultural region,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,The initiative empowered the community by foregrounding their indigenous knowledge and skills. It creates a pathway towards the climate justice with a bottom up transformation. It helped stimulate a sense of ownership towards the contested commons as its custodians. The indigenous solution can be scaled up at regional scale.,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Urbanization, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,,"We lost time due to the pandemic and the funding ran out. Funders need to be more flexible if they want to enable transformative change. In future,  it would be good to involve the state / local municipalities from the very outset and not at the end of the initiative.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",collaborations between local communities and NGOs enhanced the effectiveness of this initiative ,,
Rachel Golden Kroner,rachelelizabethgolden@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,AAAS,,Brazilian Amazon conservation and deforestation reduction,https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1248525,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Reduce deforestation in the Amazon,"Multi-pronged effort to reduce deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon in the mid-2000s, but was not sustained. Addressed underlying drivers of deforestation in support of biodiversity and ecosystem services through a combination of economic and policy incentives; supply chain interventions; law enforcement; monitoring; area-based conservation (protected areas, sustainable use area, Indigenous lands); and international funding.

From paper linked above: 
The recent 70% decline in deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon suggests that it is possible to manage the advance of a vast agricultural frontier. Enforcement of laws, interventions in soy and beef supply chains, restrictions on access to credit, and expansion of protected areas appear to have contributed to this decline, as did a decline in the demand for new deforestation. The supply chain interventions that fed into this deceleration are precariously dependent on corporate risk management, and public policies have relied excessively on punitive measures. Systems for delivering positive incentives for farmers to forgo deforestation have been designed but not fully implemented. Territorial approaches to deforestation have been effective and could consolidate progress in slowing deforestation while providing a framework for addressing other important dimensions of sustainable development.
",South America,Brazil,Amazon,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,mid-2000s,Yes,"n/a, the ongoing effort to reduce deforestation in the Amazon continues",Years,The Amazon may soon hit a tipping point,"Agriculture, Foresty, Energy, Industry",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, supply-chain interventions",,,,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,,,"States, Global coordination",,Policy-related challenges,,,"Beyond laws and supply chain interventions, more attention to indirect drivers of loss (unsustainable consumption and production, financial incentives, etc) may have led to this initiative being able to be sustained. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The deforestation surged back under the following President (Bolsonaro), so the change may not have been as transformative as required to be sustained. 

Transformative change requires truly sustained actions to address indirect drivers.",,
Yuki Yoshida,y.yoshida.tokyo@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,"National Center for Climate Change Adaptation, Japan",0000-0003-3787-6092,"Certifying Environmentally-friendly Farming - Sado, Japan",https://ap-plat.nies.go.jp/inas/goodpractices/development/1.html,No,"The rice certification initiative called “Toki-to-Kurasu-Sato"" (Villages coexisting with the crested ibis) aims to ""secure feeding grounds for crested ibis” and “promote environmentally friendly agriculture.” ","The ibis population had practically gone extinct, initially due to hunting for their feathers (mainly 20th century), then due to habitat loss and degradation due to logging and conventional farming methods (post WWII). 

Notably, the ibis had been considered a pest species for trampling on rice while feeding in the paddy fields. By launching a certification scheme around the conservation of this species, the City, in collaboration with the agricultural cooperative, altered the mentality and identity of its farmers and citizens at large. The ibis and its conservation (living in harmony with nature) is now iconic for the island and a source of eco-tourism and environmental education. 

Interestingly, the initiative was launched in response to the decimation of rice crops by typhoon, whereby the city's crop had lost its conventional place in the market. The economic challenge was successfully addressed, while also fundamentally altering practices and values. ",Asia,Japan,"Sado, Niigata",,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2008,Yes,NA,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",City,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,I don´t know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Market interactions",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,NA,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",The opportunity for transformation in crisis was seized; living in harmony with nature does not have to come at a cost to good quality of life.,Additional URL: https://www.biodic.go.jp/biodiversity/shiraberu/policy/pes/en/satotisatoyama/satotisatoyama03.html,
Maiko Nishi,nishi@unu.edu,LA,Transformative Change,United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU-IAS),0000-0001-7323-9168,Degraded Landscape Transformed into Foodland and Woodland by Village Agroforestry,https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_3,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","“Against poverty, for nature,” is the slogan of Ny Tanintsika (NT), an NGO that encourages strategies and actions to improve lives, livelihoods and nature conservation in local communities bordering the rainforest. This case is to contribute to the Satoyama Initiative’s vision and global effort to realise societies in harmony with nature. The leverage points shown to be effective in the context of the community of focus were: visions of a good life (especially a vision out of poverty); values and action; inequalities; justice and inclusion in conservation (especially proactive actions by community members themselves); technology, innovation and investment; and education and knowledge generation and sharing.(Ny Tanintsika (an NGO) aimed at supporting the Ambondro community to develop agroforestry as a solution—not only for landscape restoration but also for food security.)","Having started with the focus on one village, the initiative of sustainable community development, which has been supported by an NGO with the slogan of “Against poverty, for nature,” has evolved into enduring local efforts of agroforestry practices and landscape management across multiple villages. With an integrated approach to action attending to the interlinks between health, population and environment, the initiative has become a multi-sectoral effort with the support from different segments of the national government (e.g., environment, education), local government, groups of international students, and a private company. Peer-learning strategies (e.g., students serving as messengers between school, family, village and other children, farmer-to-farmer sharing, provision of training by each women leader to multiple households) led to snowballing and cascading effects on extended communities. At the same time, the traditional proverbs were instrumentally used to promote solidarity, while comparative experiments offered evidence of success that changed villagers’ mindset and motivated them to engage in the initiative.",Africa,Madagascar,"Village of Ambondro, Ambalavao District,  Ambohimahamasina Municipality, Fianarantsoa Province",Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2013,Yes,Not yet finished,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,"Involvement of more economically and politically powerful actors (e.g., national government, business and finance) may further scale up this transformative change at the local and regional scale. This is because the fight against corruption and deforestation remains a challenge, whereas changing subsistence economy into a market economy remains a challenge to fully overcome the poverty. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Peer-learning and cascade approaches were used for the project destining and implementation (e.g., students serving as messengers between school, family, village and other children, farmer-to-farmer sharing, provision of training by each women leader to multiple households), generating snowballing and cascading effects on extended communities. The traditional proverbs were also frequently used to promote solidarity within and beyond the community. Furthermore, the NGO facilitated the choice of indicators that were easy-to-use for the community members themselves, with which the community could establish a database and assess the changes across environmental, economic and social dimensions of change.",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Blue Carbon Global Initiative,https://www.thebluecarboninitiative.org/; https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c7463aaa9ab95163e8c3c2e/t/5cc2c70a4192024d631a03c1/1556268833541/Spanish_CarbonoAzul_LR_190325.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Blue carbon ecosystems – mangroves, seagrasses and tidal marshes - can contribute to countries’ commitments to achieving the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement. An estimated 151 countries around the world contain at least one of these coastal wetland ecosystems, and 71 countries contain all three. The International Blue Carbon Initiative is a coordinated, global program focused on mitigating climate change through the conservation and restoration of coastal and marine ecosystems. The Blue Carbon Initiative is a global program working to mitigate climate change through the restoration and sustainable use of coastal and marine ecosystems. The Initiative currently focuses on mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrasses. The Blue Carbon Initiative brings together governments, research institutions, non-governmental organizations and communities from around the world. The Initiative is coordinated by Conservation International (CI), the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (IOC-UNESCO).",,Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2011,Yes,Not finished,Years,,"Fisheries, Services, Industry",,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)","some initiatives are also cross-communities, and at a country level.",Over a million,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Bringing together the different experts, disciplines, methods and challenges to analyze blue carbon require high cooperation and coordination to develop standarised tools. There is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ nature climate solutions. A nature based solution (NDC) strategy for an industrialized country, such as Australia, will be different to an NDC for that of a small island developing state (SIDS), such as Fiji. NDCs are, by definition, determined by the individual countries with the common goals described in the Paris Agreement as tools of incremental change.There are specific actions for including blue carbon in NDCs and related actions available to all countries. Based on this need, the Blue Carbon initiative offers a tiered approach, represented by engagement levels for the inclusion of coastal wetlands in NDCs, similar to that employed by the IPCC Wetlands Supplement. This tiered approach accounts for the varying starting points, motivations and data and capacity levels among countries, as well as reflecting the broader stepwise nature of designing NDCs. Countries can identify their desired entry point and engagement level for including blue carbon and follow the guidance accordingly.","The Blue Carbon Initiative works to: Develop management approaches, financial incentives and policy mechanisms for ensuring the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of coastal blue carbon ecosystems; Engage local, national, and international governments in order to promote policies that support coastal blue carbon conservation, management and financing; Develop comprehensive methods for assessing blue carbon stocks and emissions; Implement projects around the world that demonstrate the feasibility of blue carbon accounting, management and incentive agreements; and Support scientific research into the role of coastal blue carbon ecosystems for climate change mitigation. The International Blue Carbon Initiative’s team of 34 experts in the fields of coastal carbon measurement, remote sensing, and climate policy produced a manual with the goal standardizing protocols for sampling methods, laboratory measurements, and analysis of blue carbon stocks and fluxes. The manual will provide scientists and coastal managers with a practical tool to produce robust blue carbon data.",
Oleksandr Karasov,oleksa.karasov@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,University of Helsinki,0000-0001-6121-4625,Russian aggression in Ukraine,https://uwecworkgroup.info/natures-biggest-challenges-could-begin-after-the-wars-end/ https://www.researchgate.net/project/Zapovidni-teritorii-ta-vijna https://uwecworkgroup.info/future-of-munitions-damaged-ukrainian-lands/ https://uwecworkgroup.info/mass-dolphin-mortality-in-the-black-sea-a-military-perspective/ ,No,"Changing the political regime in Ukraine, threatening global security, weakening the USA and EU (goal of Russian Federation), resistance of Ukraine with support of the collective 'West'","It is about transforming the Ukrainian, European and global environmental, economic (first of all, energetic and food security) practices and values in response to the negative impact of Russian aggression and their 'scorched earth' tactics, as well as a nuclear threat. Below I will describe the harmful effects of Russian aggression with some already visible changes in the global energy and food security status.",Eurasia,Ukraine,"Entire country since 2022; especially Steppe zone (Black sea region, Donbas, Crimea)",Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,None,,2014,Yes,Not finished,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Industry",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,I don't know,Over a million,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,No change,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,,No change,Other' was just obligatory to mark,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,No change,Other' was just obligatory to mark,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,No change,Other' was just obligatory to mark,,,,,,,"Negotiations with Russia via Turkey (food security issues), diversifying energy supply routes, boosting alternative energetics (e.g., Finland), hosting researchers at risk (the EU, USA, etc.), providing weapons to Ukraine to neutralise the war threat ",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Migration, War events, military activities, internally displaced persons, refugees crisis",,"Challenges were not overcome yet, Russian aggression continues, threats remain",,,"More attention could be paid to reduce dependency of the developed countries on oil and natural gas products from Russia, to reduce nuclear threats from Russia, ensure food security in developing countries, and forbid military activity on protected areas by international law as currently a lot of war events occur within the protected areas","No, this is something to avoid","Genocidal war causes also hardly reversable (if reversable at all) changes to environment, growing anthropogenic pressures in the areas of refugees concentration, exctraction of natural resources for restoration of destructed settlements, destructing of natural ecosystems, soil degradation and contamination, invasive species spread, etc. Wars are threats to all the aspects of people-nature interactions; at the same time, they boost innovations innovations - for example, green transition in energy","It may not be a classical 'project-like' transformative change in some bird habitats of indigenous communities. However, Russian aggression in Ukraine led to shifts in the global economic system, environmental conditions in Ukraine and other consequences, which I consider transformative.",
Sebastian Villasante; TCA technical support unit,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Norwegian salmon aquaculture,Olaussen (2018) Marine Policy 98: 158-163; OECD (2021) https://www.oecd.org/agriculture/topics/fisheries-and-aquaculture/documents/report_cn_fish_nor.pdf,No,"Norway is the world’s leading salmon producer with annual production of 1.5 million tonnes in 2021. Farmed salmon is the country’s second most important export after oil and gas and there are ambitions to increase production to 5 million tonnes by 2050. The objective of the salmon aquaculture industry is to provide a regular, high quality of seafood to the Norwegian society.","Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the most successful aquaculture species in terms of production growth and the second most valuable species in global aquaculture after shrimp. The production process is among the most knowledge- and technology-intensive in global aquaculture, and in several dimensions, such as in technology use, feed formulation and nutrition, fish health and vaccines, breeding, and public policy and regulation, salmon aquaculture is regarded as globally leading. The industry has been highly profitable over time, and likely would have grown even faster in the absence of tight regulations designed to address environmental concerns. As a meal choice, Norwegian ocean-farmed salmon has a lower carbon footprint than both beef and pork.  This is largely due to a number of innovations leading to significant productivity growth in the production process as well as in the supply chains.",Europe,Norway,Norway,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,1980s,Yes,Still ongoing,Decades,,"Industry, Aquaculture",,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,Slight negative effect,I don´t know,,Slight negative effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Trade, Financial flows, Market interactions",,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,"Some concerns about intensive fish farms, pollution of coral reefs and causing dead zones in the fjords, and many Norwegian exploiting companing don't comply with regulations.",I remain neutral,"Since the beginning of the modern aquaculture adventure over 30 years ago, Norwegian salmon farmers have been pushing boundaries and learning plenty of lessons along the way. Norwegian salmon farming is a continuously evolving industry, considered at the forefront of the technological evolution in modern food production. Norwegian aquaculture technology is being exported across the world, contributing to innovation and potential for more sustainable fish farming in other ocean nations. This means not just producing more salmon – but making sure the industry does it in the most responsible and sustainable way. ","A new system for regulating growth in the salmon farming industry was introduced in 2015 and implemented partly in 2017 and fully in 2019. Production areas are evaluated biannually on the basis of environmental indicators (principally sea lice) and regulated capacity allowances are increased or decreased accordingly.
",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Blue Growth Strategy of the Port of Vigo,http://bluegrowthvigo.eu/download/Blue_Growth_Puerto_de_Vigo_2016-2020.pdf; http://bluegrowthvigo.eu/en/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Blue Growth is the European strategy to support sustainable economic growth in the marine and maritime sectors that takes into account aspects such as clean energy, aquaculture, cruise tourism, biotechnology and marine resources. A participatory process with key actors (enterprises, administrations, researchers, NGOs, etc.) has been designed to develop a comprehensive plan for the Port of Vigo following the Blue Growth strategy as a revitalizing and boosting element for the entire Vigo coastal strip for the period 2016-2020. 

","In 2016, the Port of Vigo in Spain was the first port in Europe to develop a Blue Growth Strategy based on a connected, innovative, green and inclusive port. By 2021, more than 300 public-private agents had already participated in the Port of Vigo strategy, developing 47 projects worth more than USD 195 million focused on key thematic areas such as fresh and frozen fisheries, shipbuilding, maritime transport, training, history and culture, biotechnology and blue energy as well as cruises.",Europe,Spain,"Vigo, Galicia",,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2016,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Energy, Services, Finance",,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",City,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Market interactions",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,N/A - This is an example of a transformative change,I remain neutral,"The project was carried out under a bottom up approach that covered all port levels from the lower to the higher ones. Based on the Europe 2020 Strategy and the RIS3 Galicia Smart Specialization Strategy, 14 thematic areas of action were selected for the design of the strategic plan. Each of these areas was assigned a working group formed by local stakeholders. Facilitators held working sessions with each of these groups where, jointly and by consensus, port needs were analyzed and solutions were designed in the form of projects and specific actions to boost the maritime-port economy.","The Port of Vigo  has been the first port in the European Union to implement the Blue Growth strategy in an integral manner from a holistic perspective and in the conviction that the Blue Economy must be promoted from all sectors with equal strength and at the same time. It has launched a pioneering and innovative working methodology with a bottom-up approach, i.e. from the bottom up and adapted to its characteristics and needs, but with the aim that the model can be extrapolated to other regions of the European Union.",
Sergio Lambertucci,slambertucci@comahue-conicet.gob.ar,CLA,Transformative Change,"CONICET, Argentina",0000-0002-2624-2185,The use of guarding dogs reduces wildlife persecution and environmental contamination while increasing farm income ,"e.g., https://mn.sarem.org.ar/article/manejo-del-conflicto-entre-carnivoros-y-ganaderia-en-patagonia-utilizando-perros-mestizos-protectores-de-ganado/ ; https://argentina.wcs.org/es-es/Quienes-somos/Noticias/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/15078.aspx ",No,"Reduce the conflict between predators/scavengers, livestock, and farmers that la eads to reduction in livestock stocks and persecution of wildlife. ","This is a transformative approach to sustainably raising livestock extensivelly without persecuting and poisoning wildlife. At the same time, this strategy reduces the risk of terrestrial and aquatic contamination with pesticides, and the killing of many of the organisms that live there where the poison is used (including humans, domestic wildlife, and pets. Reduction of economic loss, and increased income after covering the cost of the dog. ",South America,Argentina,Patagonia,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2005,Yes,"First test 2013, but now is still ongoing",Months,There is an almost immediate effect.,Agriculture,,"Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",From individual and communities to regional,"Between 100 to 1,000",I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Concentrated production",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,NA,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","When the state, NGOs or private sector institutions provide financial or material support to implement strategies, rural residents respond positively. A simple management implementation increased people´s economic security and quality of life, and wildlife/environmental conservation.","There are several similar projects in many regions of the world, with similar results. ",
Sergio Lambertucci,slambertucci@comahue-conicet.gob.ar,CLA,Transformative Change,CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue ,0000-0002-2624-2185,"Social change in waste management in a city produces a reduction in waste quantities, and increases income for an impoverished local community","http://crubweb.uncoma.edu.ar/archivos/LIBROS%20DIGITALES/Un_dia_mas_ARB.pdf ; 3.	https://www.barilochesustentable.com/ ; https://www.facebook.com/arbariloche/?locale=es_LA ",No,"Reduction of waste generation and burial, reuse of materials, and increase the income of a local impoverished community. This at the same time reduces the impact of waste on the environment.","ecause the “Recicladores Bariloche” community promoted a change in public behaviour (an entire city), at the same time reduced the impact of waste generation in the environment, together with obtaining better work conditions and income for people. ",South America,Argentina,Rio Negro,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2001,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Services,,Urban/Semi-urban,City,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Urbanization, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,NA,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Bottom-up change from people that were working in very poor conditions and vulnerable work, embracing ways of doing things that improve people's quality of life, increase economic security for a vulnerable group, and at the same time reduce human impact in the environment.","This local example of a group of women promoting better management of waste, changing people's behaviour, reducing the impact of waste in the environment and obtaining a bit better working conditions is probably one of several initiatives that might exist in other poor regions.  ",
Fernando Adrián Milano,fmilano@vet.unicen.edu.ar,LA,Nexus,"Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto Multidisciplinario sobre Ecosistemas y Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. ",0000-0002-2777-7122,Agroecology-based large scale (extensive) practices expand in Argentina without direct agricultural subsidies and with additional agricultural taxes ,"JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS  -. Sarandón S.J.& Marasas M.E. (2015). Breve historia de la agroecología en la Argentina: orígenes, evolución y perspectivas futuras. Agroecología 10 (2): 93-102    -. Aparicio, Virginia Carolina; Zamora, Martín; Barbera, Agustín; Castro Franco, Mauricio; Domenech, Marisa; et al.; Industrial agriculture and agroecological transition systems: A comparative analysis of productivity results, organic matter and glyphosate in soil. Agricultural Systems; 167; 11-2018; 103-112 .   -. Tittonell, P., Piñeiro, G., Garibaldi , L. A., Dogliotti , S., Olff, H., & Jobbagy , E. G. (2020). Agroecology in large scale farming: A research agenda. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems , 4, [584605]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.584605    CONGRESS PRESENTATION -. Schwerdt M.& Cerdá E. 2015. Desarrollo de las primeras experiencias en cultivos agroecológicos extensivos impulsadas desde el estado municipal en Guaminí, provincia de Buenos Aires. V Congreso Latinoamericano de Agroecología - SOCLA Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina, 7 al 9 de Octubre del 2015.      NGO  RENAMA (2022). http://www.renama.org/ NATIONAL STATISTICAL INFORMATION    INDEC. 2021. Censo Nacional Agropecuario 2018 : resultados definitivos / 1a ed. - Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires : Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos - INDEC, 2021. Libro digital, PDF 745 pp.   PRESS ARTICLES  -. AAPRESID. 2019. Fiel a su impronta, Aapresid celebra sus 30 años volviendo a patear el tablero. 27 de noviembre de 2019.  https://www.aapresid.org.ar/blog/fiel-a-su-impronta-aapresid-celebra-sus-30-anos-volviendo-a-patear-el-tablero/. -. Longoni M. 2019. A los 30 años es posible reinventarse: AAPRESID jubila el barbecho químico y ahora pone todo el acento en los cultivos de servicio. Bichos de Campo, 26 de noviembre de 2019.   https://bichosdecampo.com/a-los-30-anos-es-posible-reinventarse-aapresid-jubila-el-barbecho-quimico-y-ahora-pone-todo-el-acento-en-los-cultivos-de-servicio/  DOCUMENTARIES .- A 28 minutes documentary of 2018, presented by Pablo Tittonel an Argentinian researcher working on agroecological issues in different parts of the world.   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwdnRlOKLzM .- A 26 minutes Deutsche Welle documentary in Spanish with Youtube translation (I couldn´t find it in English). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQtuCDRqgZA&t=76s  -. Agricultura Siempre -Verde (Always-green agriculture). A nine minutes documentary produced by AAPRESID (Argentine Association of Producers working with the no-till system) an NGO that was born in 1989 and oriented to a high input industrial agriculture. In Spanish with Youtube translation.   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxitiQyAnv4&t=390s","Yes, and the vision is implicit","To change the values and visions of agriculture through respect and love towards a more healthy life for both nature and human beings. This includes:
-	To make food systems more sustainable through the change of industrial high input agriculture to an agroecology-based practices.
-	To improve the conditions of the components and functions of ecosystems.
-	To reduce the risks of pesticides on human health and on native species  by avoiding their use, by reducing the quantity used,  by avoiding the direct use near houses or rural schools and/or by reducing the residues in food and the environment.
 ","Because it shows a technological, cultural, economic and political way for going from industrial agriculture to agroecology-based agriculture that improves the food quality for better health, and the condition of agroecosystems components (biodiversity, water, atmosphere, energy and soil). Also, as a crucial issue, increases the ethical, spiritual, aesthetical and, recreational values of agriculture. The producers that are promoting this change can be included in two very different groups: the ones that have a clear philosophical, ethical, and political position of disagreement with industrial agriculture and, the others that continue sharing some or many aspects of industrial agriculture but that realized the importance of an ecosystemic vision of agriculture. Even with such big differences both are implementing practices like services crops and reducing the use of pesticides and industrial fertilizers and thus allowing a way for society to rediscover our strong relationship with nature. ",America,Argentina,Pampas region,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010 (second decade of the XXI Century),Yes,Not finished,Decades,"This first decade showed unexpected, quick and important positive changes although the proportion of territory involved is small yet.","Agriculture, Health",,"Temperate grasslands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,,No change,"Sorry, I made a mistake selecting ""No Change"" in the ""Other"" point.",No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,"Sorry, I made a mistake selecting ""No Change"" in the ""Other"" point.",Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,"Sorry, I made a mistake selecting ""No Change"" in the ""Other"" point.",,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Concentrated production, Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,I think that two crucial points are a deep promotion of human values that benefit society and nature as well as education and information about consumption. ,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","An important lesson is that systemic changes that seem to be impossible to be achieved or that could be supposed to be achieved throughout many decades, could have important advances in a few years. This is much more important considering the bottom-up characteristic of this agroecological change. ","After twenty years of the beginning of the herbicide-dependent no-till agriculture, and around 2010, extensive agroecological-based practices began to expand in Argentina.   Different forces converged for this to occur driven by actors on both the production and consumption side of food systems.  Consumers increased demands for healthy and nature-friendly agriculture because of the increasing awareness about food and environmental pollution with biocides, accompanied by growing concerns raised by a few persons of academic, scientific, and technical public institutions vis-à-vis the unsustainability of conventional production practices.   Driven by health concerns regarding biocide use, rural communities increasingly protested their extensive use near towns, rural schools, and small cities. Urban consumers increasing demand for safe foods created markets with small-scale farmers adjacent to cities allowing them to produce fresh foods with agroecological practices. Cooperatives formed, increasing collaboration and reducing the cost of local high-quality produce. Very few isolated large-scale crops and cattle producers that had values of deep respect and love for nature and that also were worried about the use of biocides began to communicate to each other about a nature-friendly agriculture. They created networks for sharing visions, problems, and experiences, including innovation by adapting traditional and modern practices for example, using Vicia sp. as a service crop with precision agriculture. Other farmers, more numerous and related to industrial agriculture through no-till herbicide-dependent practices were affected by increasing herbicide-resistant weeds, losses of productivity, health concerns, and other factors, and, thus, began to explore nature-based practices. Without direct economic subsidies and with additional agricultural taxes, these practices are expanding territorially reducing costs mainly through the use of agroecology-based technologies.
I am personally living this process since a decade ago from several points of view: through my academic activity, through my collaboration in managing and administrating a family farm and ranch, and through my participation in rural citizens networks for the development of agroecology-based production systems.
",
Sergio Lambertucci,slambertucci@comahue-conicet.gob.ar,CLA,Transformative Change,CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue,0000-0002-2624-2185,Hunting without lead ammunition for people's and the environment,https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13280-019-01178-x ; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2530064417302067 ; https://www.custodiosdelterritorio.com.ar/una-salud/#investigacion ; and references therein.,No,"Reduces the impact of an activity that is highly contaminant to people and the environment, without losing people's income.

","Waterfowl hunting in Argentina is a profitable industry that attracts hunters from all over the world. Most hunting occurs as high-end hunting tourism, through which registered outfitters service predominantly foreign clients on private lands. Lead pollution from hunting ammunition is increasingly recognized as a significant local problem, impacting wildlife, aquatic and terrestrial habitats, and extending to vulnerable human rural communities. The change in the ammunition used for hunting has maintained people´s income but reduced the contamination in the ground, water and peoples food sources. Based on government data, at least 56 tons of ammunition lead were added to wetlands in Santa Fe province alone between 2007 and 2009 by hunting.  Accumulation of lead in natural wetlands, ducks consumed and rice fields where waterfowl hunting is practiced were documented before banning the use of this toxic ammunition, and promoting non/less-toxic alternatives. ",South America,Argentina,Santa Fé province,Opponent/resistant,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2007,Yes,Ongoing,Years,"Small changes were observed in years, but main changes will take longer times. ","Health, Hunters",,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,,NA,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Regulatory frameworks that restrict lead shot use are a budding success story but remain challenged by their constrained geographic range and limited compliance rooted in unavailable nontoxic ammunition. In the specific context of Argentina, where hunting is minimally for subsistence and largely for sport, lead pollution stands out as a uniquely accessible and remediable environmental problem. This is one issue for which there is a known solution with proven chances of success if constituents understand the risks at stake and are willing to contribute individually to the collective wellbeing by switching to nontoxic options. Moreover, the recommended shift is neither opposed to progress and economic gain, nor does it disagree with the needs and livelihoods of the main constituents, since hunting itself is not contested, but rather urged to adapt to current societal, bioethical, and sustainability standards. Changes in hunting practices in Argentina are long overdue.","Reducing lead contamination is critical for the conservation or many threatened species, just the change to other non-toxic ammunition will save many species from the threat of population extinction. At the same time the health of many people, particularly children,  will be improved, and lives saved. ",
"Martha Bonilla	"," martha.bonilla@inecol.mx	",LA,Transformative Change,"Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (Inecol)",0000-0002-2403-2002,CityAdapt ,https://www.unep.org/explore-topics/climate-action/what-we-do/climate-adaptation/ecosystem-based-adaptation/ecosystem-0 https://cityadapt.com/video-dos-anos-de-cityadapt-en-xalapa-mexico/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",To build cities resilient to climate change by implementing actions based on nature-based solutions for ecosystems in Latin America and the Caribbean.,Tried to ,America,México,Xalapa,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,United Nations Environment Programme,,2018,No,2021,Years,,"Services, Finance",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Montane forests (Xlapa, Mexico)",City,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,"Many of the selected examples from the list were intended consequences of the program, but were not explicitly reported  as achieved. ",No change,I don´t know,I don´t know,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,"Some of the selected examples from the list were intended consequences of the program, but were not explicitly reported  as achieved. ",Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting interaction among government sectors that traditionally do not interact",,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,,,"Population size, Urbanization",,Misalignments among local sectors that deal with urban planning and environmental protection ,,,"Continuity. To my knowledge, the program stopped after the elections for new mayor of Xalapa city.  Although the project was good and achieve some results, it followed a “top-down” approach. Probably by involving more local citizens could have been even more successful. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Small changes can be achieve when there is willingness to collaborate across sectors ,"This program was also implemented in San Salvador, El Salvador and Kingston, Jamaica ",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Regional plan for small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea,https://www.wwfmmi.org/what_we_do/fisheries/transforming_small_scale_fisheries/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Regional Plan of Action for Small-Scale Fisheries in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (RPOA-SSF) is a historic political commitment setting out a ten-year roadmap towards the long-term environmental, economic and social sustainability of the sector. WWF is running a major initiative across 24 sites in 10 Mediterranean countries, working with artisanal fishing communities to transform their local fisheries.",https://www.wwfmmi.org/what_we_do/fisheries/transforming_small_scale_fisheries/,Europe,"Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Albania, Croatia, Tunisia, Algeria",10 countries in the Mediterranean,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2019,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Men and women working in the small-scale sector face threats including climate change, competition from other industries, a lack of alternative livelihoods, weak representation, and little control over how diminishing resources are managed. In general, the sea and its resources are governed by policies crafted in offices far from coasts and coastal communities. The best and most effective way to do this is to involve the people that understand the local situation better than anyone else – the fishers. They have the in-depth local knowledge to ensure management strategies are adapted to suit the unique needs of the area and its resources. By enabling small-scale fishers to sustainably manage the resources they depend on, we aim to restore the health of Mediterranean fish stocks and secure people’s livelihoods for the long term.","The situation in the Mediterranean Sea is particularly dramatic: today, 75% of assessed fish stocks are overfished. Without urgent action to conserve and sustainably use our oceans, seas and marine resources (Sustainable Development Goal 14), achieving the 2030 Agenda will be impossible. Balancing habitat conservation with human use is key for successful fisheries management. Empowered small-scale fishers and their communities can serve as important stewards of their marine resources.  WWF supports a co-management approach that values the roles and contributions of fishers and local authorities. We believe this is the most effective way to restore fish stocks, protect marine biodiversity and secure better livelihoods for Mediterranean fishers and their families. By empowering fishing communities – through better access to decision-making processes, stronger legal representation, and increased recognition within society – we want to end years of mismanagement that created a culture of non-compliance and unsustainability - and ultimately led to overfishing.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,First and Second Environmental Areas (PSEPA),https://coastalcommunityledconservation.org/map/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",WWF and local partners are working alongside communities in the Environmental Protected Area to support the development and implementation of the area management plan,"Because the plan includes key actions for the establishment of community managed fishing areas, support to effective management of no-take zones, sustainable management of mangrove forest, and community monitoring systems. The plan benefits 272 villages and more than 50,000 direct and indirect beneficiaries.",Africa,Mozambique,Mozambique,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2018,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Local community coordination, States",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Involving different stakeholders from a high number of communities is always challenging and requires strong coordination between promoters of the initiative. They learnt that co-identifying the critical problems is key to successfully develop a joint strategy with short and long term objectives.,n/a,
"Bruno Locatelli, Améline Vallet, Sandra Lavorel, Yésica Quispe",bruno.locatelli@cirad.fr;ameline.vallet@agroparistech.fr,LA,Nexus,Cirad and University of Montpellier (Bruno Locatelli); AgroParisTech (Améline Vallet); CNRS University of Grenoble Alpes (Sandra Lavorel); SUNASS Peru (Yésica Quispe) ,0000-0003-2983-1644 (Bruno Locatelli); 0000-0002-2731-0098 (Améline Vallet); 0000-0002-7300-2811 (Sandra Lavorel); 0000-0002-9592-4657 (Yésica Quispe),Sustainable water management in Abancay (Peru),"doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2022.08.002; doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2020.08.020; doi:10.5751/ES-10904-240214 ; and reports produced by SUNASS, Agua Para Abancay, and Bosques Andinos",No,"This case study is composed of several operational projects and a research project in the Mariño watershed. The operational projects aim at improving water management for the benefits of local upland community and downstream farmer et city. Operational projects partly apply nature-based solutions, such as upland wetland conservation and forest restoration. The activities of one project have been supported by a payment for ecosystem services (PES), paid by water users in the downstream city. Discussions started in 2010 about how to compensate highland communities for their role of water conservation. This project, whose modalities have been long discussed, has a potential to push transformative change in the relationships between upstream and downstream actors and the way natural resources are managed. The research project aims at analysing: (i) ecosystem services in the Mariño watershed in Peru; (ii) land use, ecosystem management, and changes in management; (iii) stakeholders involved in the management and use of ecosystem services; (iv) their values, beliefs and attitudes; (v) decision processes around ecosystem services; (vi) social networks of ecosystem service stakeholders; (vii) issues of equity and power.","Nexus: Research in this case study has shown the implications of ecosystem management decisions on biodiversity, climate change adaptation, water, food, and health. Decision making processes deal with multiple trade-offs between the five Nexus elements and different preferences and knowledge systems among stakeholders. 
TC: New nature-based initiatives are being implemented in the case study, particularly for water management and climate change adaptation. These new initiatives come along with changes in the roles of different stakeholder groups and their interactions in decision making. Some current changes have a transformative dimension.",South America,Peru,Apurimac,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,"Both public and private sectors, Third sector, Research grant",,2016,Yes,N/A,Years,Note that implementation is still ongoing. Some impacts may not be visible yet.,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water",,"Tundra and high mountain habitats, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Tropical mountain forests and grasslands",Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,"For most consequences, we cannot answer because (i) there are positive impacts for some stakeholders or some places and negative ones for others, or (ii) we need to review recent reports that provide information on consequences, or (iii) it is too early to know.",No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,"For most consequences, we cannot answer because (i) there are positive impacts for some stakeholders or some places and negative ones for others, or (ii) we need to review recent reports that provide information on consequences, or (iii) it is too early to know.",Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight negative effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,"For most consequences, we cannot answer because (i) there are positive impacts for some stakeholders or some places and negative ones for others, or (ii) we need to review recent reports that provide information on consequences, or (iii) it is too early to know.",,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions,,,"There could be more guidance and safeguards (for example from the national level) to ensure that decision processes at the local level are aligned with principles of distributive, procedural and recognition justice.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","To address trade-offs between Nexus elements, there is a need to address issues of power asymmetries in decision making and to put distributive, procedural and recognition justice at the front. Transformative change can happen through profound changes in values, rules and knowledge.","If this case study is selected, we would like to provide refined responses (see comments on the limitations of the questionnaire with regards to consequences).",
Sandra LUQUE,sandra.luque@inrae.fr,LA,Nexus,"INRAE - Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement   UMR TETIS Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale",0000-0002-4002-3974,Application of the Ecosystem Service Concept in Social–Ecological Systems—from Theory to Practice,https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4718 https://journals.openedition.org/developpementdurable/17778 https://ideas.repec.org/p/hal/journl/hal-03110013.html https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01371-y,No,"Intensive sub-urban sprawl, find suitable areas for urban development while preserving green areas, biodiversity and their associated ecosystem services","An integrated approach was used working with stakeholders.  The ecosystem service approach has the potential to widen the scope of traditional landscape-ecological planning by including ecosystem-based benefits, including social and economic benefits, green infrastructures and biophysical parameters in urban and territorial planning.",Europe,France,Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2017-2021,No,2021,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Services",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,NA,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,NA,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,NA,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Current patterns in human movement and migration, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,Providing more integration from the begining when working with stakeholders in the framework of organized participatory approaches ,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Decision-strategy space associated with maps summarizing the average spatial suitability distribution supported the identification of potential areas for urban development reducing biodiversity impact. We also demonstrated the pertinence of a spatial variance within-cluster analysis to disentangle the relationship between risk and trade-off values. At the end, we performed a site suitability ranking analysis to support adequate planning providing detailed information on key species groups to mitigate impacts due to urban pressures.","
Based on our work the local NGO is submitting an important proposal to continue working on implementation and legislation regulation. Hopefully the work will continue and a more integrated NEXUS approach could be implemented  
",
"Tristan BERCHOUX1, Sandra LUQUE2",berchoux@iamm.fr ; sandra.luque@inrae.fr,LA,Nexus,"•	1,2 TETIS, INRAE, Maison de la Télédétection, 500 Rue Jean-François Breton, F-34090 Montpellier, France •	1 Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier - CIHEAM-IAMM, 3191 Route de Mende, F-34090 Montpellier, France",(1) 0000-0003-4095-2164 /  (2) 0000-0002-4002-3974,Providing Rural Actors with Novel data and re-Useable tools to Lead public Actions in Rural areas,www.ruralgranular.eu,No,"Departing from an updated conceptualisation of rurality based on the multi-dimensional nature of contemporary rural-urban interrelations and interdependencies, GRANULAR will generate new insights for characterising rural diversity based on a multi-actor and interdisciplinary approach. Based on insights from Multi-Actor Labs, it will generate novel datasets using a wide range of methods and primary data, such as remote sensing, crowd-sourced data, mobile phone data and web-scraping. This data will then be combined with a variety of existing institutional data to derive indicators relevant to rural communities for the implementation of the Long-Term Vision for Rural Areas (LTVRA), so to measure resilience, well-being, quality of life and attractiveness in a WEFE nexus framework.","We aim at implemented a Multi-Actor  integrative approach to measure resilience, well-being, quality of life and attractiveness in a WEFE nexus framework",Europe,France,Occitanie,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2022,Yes,2026,Years,NA,"Agriculture, Foresty, Energy, Services",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Temperate grasslands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,NA,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,NA,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,NA,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,We aim to apply an integrated approach on lien with NEXUS framework,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Still work in progress as the project just started. But we hope to promote adaptive governance and resources management,,
Asmita Sengupta,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,"Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Bangalore, India",0000-0002-2477-7290,"The Chipko Movement, India, 1973",https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jayanta-Bandyopadhyay-2/publication/272584099_The_Evolution_Structure_and_Impact_of_the_Chipko_Movement/links/565eb42308aeafc2aac90f67/The-Evolution-Structure-and-Impact-of-the-Chipko-Movement.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Chipko movement was a non-violent agitation in 1973 that was aimed at the protection and conservation of trees. The uprising was against rampant felling of trees and it originated in Chamoli, Uttar Pradesh (now Uttarakhand) and soon reached other states in India. Villagers hugged the trees to prevent them from being felled. The name ‘chipko’ comes from the word ’embrace’. The movement is variously called 'Embrace the Tree' or 'Hug the Trees'.","The Chipko movement exemplifies 'transformative change' for multiple reasons:
a. It laid the foundation for modern environmentalism in India
b. It was guided by the Gandhian philosophy of non-violence and entailed people simply hugging trees to prevent them from being felled - this form of passive resistance appealed to the masses and it quickly spread elsewhere in India.
c. It is best remembered for the collective mobilisation of women towards conserving natural resources which also brought about a change in attitude regarding their own status in society. 
d. It is unique because the movement was not based on the politics of the distribution of wealth but on sustainable ecological stability ",Asia,India,Uttarakhand,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,None,,1973,No,1974,Months,,Foresty,,Forests in the Garhwal Himalayas,Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,People recognizing their own strengths and understanding how they can be instrumental in conserving natural resources,,,,None,,,"Values, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","a. Increased social and ecological awareness can bring about transformative change
b. Actions at an individual and/or community level can make a significant difference","Large positive changes are implied for the all the options that are listed in questions 15 to 17. I have chosen 'I do not know' as the response in some cases as there is no formal documentation of the same. 
The link provided is one of many papers which provides an overview of the Chipko Movement.",
Asmita Sengupta,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment,0000-0002-2477-7290,Beyond fortress conservation: The long-term integration of natural and  social science research for an inclusive conservation practice in India ,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006320720309460,No,To demonstrate that ongoing efforts across four long-term action-research sites of the institution of the authors help to rethink and inform policy discussions on human-nature interactions.,"This is an example of Transformative Change because it encourages researchers to go beyond 'fortress conservation', based on the idea that forests are endangered by local people using forest resources and thus habitats should be protected by force and local people should be kept out at all costs. The article demonstrates the need to assess the larger landscape beyond the protected area borders, and to let go of the charismatic species-based conservation approach that, in the words of the authors, 'has plagued Indian conservation policy since the colonial period'.",Asia,India,"Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal",,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Combination of public, private and research grants",,1989,Yes,NA,Years,,"Foresty, Water",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,Incentives and capacity building,,,None,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Asmita Sengupta,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment,0000-0002-2477-7290,Towards Decolonisation of Australia’s Protected Area Management: the Nantawarrina Indigenous Protected Area Experience,Towards Decolonisation of Australia's Protected Area Management: the Nantawarrina Indigenous Protected Area Experience - Muller - 2003 - Australian Geographical Studies - Wiley Online Library,No,"To explore the Indigenous Protected Area (IPA) program, a new Protected Area management initiative.  ",I think this is an example of Transformative Change. IPAs are established through voluntary declaration of indigenous land with the aim of enhancing indigenous control of protected area landscapes. It is the right step forward in replacing Australia's historical Protected Area management structure where indigenous habitation and land management are completely excluded.,Australia,Australia,South Australia,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,I don’t know,,1998,Yes,NA,Years,,Foresty,,Semi-arid mountain country,Community,I don't know,None,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,,,,Establishment of new protected area management measure initiative involving indigenous communities,,,"Values, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Global Fishing Watch,https://globalfishingwatch.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Global Fishing Watch is advancing ocean governance through increased transparency of human activity at sea. By creating and publicly sharing map visualizations, data and analysis tools, the initiative enable scientific research and drive a transformation in how we manage our ocean","Global Fishing Watch shows the activities of about 60,000 commercial fishing vessels (and more every month), that are responsible for a significant proportion of the total global
seafood catch. Vessels with AIS account for more than half the fishing effort over 100 nautical miles from shore and as much as 80% of the fishing in the high seas.By 2030, the initiative aims to monitor and visualize the impact of ocean-going vessels, both industrial and small-scale, that are responsible for the vast majority of the global seafood catch. ",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2012,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, States, Global coordination",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Global Fishing Watch is an independent, international non-profit organisation originally set up through a collaboration between three partners: Oceana, an international organisation dedicated to protecting and restoring the ocean; SkyTruth, experts in using satellite technology to protect the environment; and Google, who provide the tools for processing big data. Bringing together key partners and national governments around the world requires huge efforts to align technological capacities with national objectives towards sustainability of the oceans.","While many fisheries are strictly regulated, it’s hard to monitor what goes on across the vast expanse of ocean – and particularly on the high seas, those areas outside the jurisdiction of any country that cover nearly half the surface of the globe. As a result, illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing is one of the biggest threats to ocean sustainability. By its nature, it’s impossible to say just how much IUU fishing takes place, but it’s a big problem: the FAO estimates that it accounts for 11–26 million tonnes of fish each year, worth US$10–23 billion. Tackling this would make a big contribution to restoring ocean health and making fishing sustainable – and Global Fishing Watch offers an important
part of the solution. The data and analysis can flag up suspicious fishing activity – for example, boats entering marine protected areas, or unlicensed vessels operating in another country’s waters. It’s also revealing for the first time the extent of fishing: recent analysis has shown that fishing takes place across more than 55% of the ocean surface, making its footprint by area over four times that of agriculture.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The mussel aquaculture industry in Spain,Labarta and Fernández-Reiriz (2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0964569118300759; Alvarez Salgado et al. (2022) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972204966X,No,The mussel aquaculture production system in Spain aims to produce sustainable seafood product with high nutritional value,"The transformative change of the mussel aquaculture industry in Galicia is one of the largest positive change of aquaculture systems in the world. The mussel aquaculture has the potential to provide super blue food to the Planet as it requires low energy from the ecosystem and generate a low ecological footprint, and it also has the capacity to feed not only the European population but also the world with healthy and sustainable seafood mussel. There are already some successful cases of integration ‘production–marketing’ and more recently ‘production–processing–marketing’ in the Galician (Spain) mussel sector. Shellfish aquaculture is the only human food production system that does not release pollutants from farming, but removes them from their production environment. Mussels and other filter feeders improve the water quality and clarity, making the marine ecosystem more suitable for organisms. The reality of mussel culture and markets in Galicia (Spain) led to a reformulation in the industry during the last 4 decades, with strategies for territorial diversification of suppliers, new technological improvements in production and even organizational, economic, and bioecological innovations.",Europe,Spain,Galicia,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Public sector,,1950s,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,Aquaculture,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, ",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","In the 1980s was noticed an increase in productivity related to processes of innovation in the industry of mussel. Together with it, the first organizational forms of the Galician-based production sector was constituted, with a spatial and administrative reordering for mussel rafts and crops. A new reality of the sector was maintained in both the marketing guidelines and the fact of initiating a vertical integration between the mussel industry and the commercialization. Everything was accompanied by changes in markets and strong tensions: derived from red tides that limit the operating cycle and even its profitability and also from the conflicts between the producing and transforming organizations, added to the competition in the markets of other countries, mainly Chile.","The mussels industry with a production that accounts for more than twenty five percent of the fresh product landings from the sea, and the full-time employment of more than 8000 people, is by far the largest productive activity of the Galician sea. The Spanish aquaculture sector produced 329.7 thousand tonnes in 2018 generating a turnover of €719 million, and it represents the largest aquaculture farming industry in the European Union. By far the largest activity in Spanish aquaculture in terms of production is culture of mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). The 244 019 tonnes obtained in 2018 represented 74% of the total Spanish aquaculture production. Harmful algal blooms are often associated with large-scale marine mortality events in this case study, and have been associated with various types of mussels and shellfish poisonings. When harmful algal blooms occur, mussel producers are not allowed to sell their produce until the mussels are fit for human consumption. This can cause significant economic losses to the farmers.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries,https://www.fao.org/voluntary-guidelines-small-scale-fisheries/en,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines) represent the first ever international instrument dedicated to small-scale fisheries. They represent a global consensus on principles and guidance for small-scale fisheries governance and development. They were developed for small-scale fisheries in close collaboration with representatives of small-scale fisheries organizations in a participatory process between 2011-13, involving over 4000 stakeholders; facilitated by FAO","The SSF Guidelines were developed for small-scale fisheries in close collaboration with representatives of small-scale fisheries organizations in a participatory process between 2011-13, involving over 4000 stakeholders. They are directed at all those involved in the sector and intend to guide and encourage governments, fishing communities and other stakeholders to work together and ensure secure and sustainable small-scale fisheries for the benefit of small-scale fishers, fish workers and their communities as well as for society at large. They complement existing international instruments, such as the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, the VG Tenure and the Right to Food Guidelines. Underpinned by a human rights approach, the SSF Guidelines represent a critical instrument to empower small-scale fishing communities - including vulnerable and marginalized groups - to participate in decision-making processes, and to assume responsibilities for sustainable use of fishery resources. The creation of the Guidelines provided a specific global instrument to support small-scale fisheries around the world, and several countries have been already operationalized them into practical actions in the benefit of coastal communities.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2015,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)","Global, but with application by coastal states around the world",Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Market interactions, Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The SSF Guidelines are long overdue because of the need for an international instrument to provide agreed principles and guidance to address small-scale fisheries. The SSF Guidelines complement the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, which, together with the fisheries provisions of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, is the most widely recognised and applied international fisheries instrument. The SSF Guidelines were developed for small-scale fisheries in close collaboration with representatives of small-scale fisheries organisations in a participatory process that took place between 2011 and 2013 and involved more than 4000 stakeholders, with different interests, diversities and socio-cultural backgrounds. Reaching an agreement considering this diversity is always a remarkable effort on the part of the promoters of this initiative.

","The small-scale fisheries sector tends to be firmly rooted in local communities, traditions and values. Many small-scale fishers are self-employed and usually provide fish for direct consumption within their households or communities. Women are significant participants in the sector, particularly in post- harvest and processing activities. It is estimated that about 90 percent of all people directly dependent on capture fisheries work in the small-scale fisheries sector (more than 450 million people). As such, small-scale fisheries serve as an economic and social engine, providing food and nutrition security, employment and other multiplier effects to local economies while underpinning the livelihoods of riparian communities.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The yellow clam fishery,"Gianelli et al. (2015) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X15002766; FAO. 2019. Westlund, L. & Zelasney, J. eds. Securing sustainable small-scale fisheries: sharing good practices from around the world. FAO  Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 644. Rome. 184 pp.","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The yellow clam fishery in Uruguay provides a longstanding case study of co-management 
in small-scale fisheries.","This first co-management phase for the yellow clam fishery was therefore very successful and lasted until late 1994, when mass mortalities decimated populations of M. mactroides
throughout its entire distribution range,leading to a full fishery closure between 1994 and 2008. However, the stock was unable to recover in the short to middle term from the mass 
mortalities, not only at the local level but also at the regional level. As demonstrated by the scale and magnitude of these events, mass mortalities were not related to fishing activities, but resulted from a range of putative factors including a long-term increase in sea surface temperature, harmful algal blooms, environmental stress, and parasitism. The selection of the yellow clam fishery to operationalize the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries (EAF) (with the previously adoped co-management system; Co-M) showed a highly positive response in abundance and biomass of the harvestable stock through time, stabilization in individual sizes above the minimum landing size limit, and a fairly constant exploitation rate at low levels that did not exceed 25%, accompanied by relatively constant CPUE values through time. Temporal variations in unit price and revenues per unit of effort showed higher values after EAF/Co-M implementation. Gianelli et al. (2015) Marine Policy 62:196-202 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X15002766",South America,Uruguay,Uruguay,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2011,Yes,ongoing,Decades,,Fisheries,,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),City,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Market interactions",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Although the institutionalization of EAF into the national fisheries policy is not a necessary and sufficient condition for its implementation, long-term political support would facilitate a proper EAF inception and development.  In Latin America there are many examples of co-managed SSFs, but examples of SSFs that have formally implemented an EAF coupled with a Co-M scheme are scarcely documented.","The yellow clam is only sold in the domestic market. Unit prices are fixed in the local fishers' assembly at the beginning of each fishing season in order to avoid conflicts and rent-seeking behavior of external middlemen. A consequence of this situation is that although landings vary within seasons, local prices do not reflect this variability and are constant along each fishing season. ",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Intemares,http://intemares.es/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The LIFE IP INTEMARES project aims to achieve an efficiently managed network of Natura 2000 marine areas, with the active participation of the sectors involved and research as basic tools for decision-making. ","The LIFE INTEMARES project ""Integrated, innovative and participatory management of the Natura 2000 Network in the Spanish marine environment"" is the largest marine conservation project in Europe. It is the first initiative at national level that combines different European funds for the management of an entire network of protected areas. Since the start of the project we have involved more than 7,953 participants and 809 organisations. A series of innovative tools have been developed that combine gamification, art and science, including a virtual exhibition, an escape room and a play, as well as 360º videos and infographics on the different marine demarcations. The project is updating the Master List of Marine Species, which is the reference list of the species found in Spanish waters and which already has more than 14,000 references.",Europe,Spain,Spain,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,,2017,Yes,The project will end in 2024,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, The state has a ""glass ceiling"" for how far it will support environmental protection measures, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The project has analysed the degree of coherence and sufficiency of the Natura 2000 Network in Spain on the basis of the following aspects: a)Level of representation of habitats and species of the European directives in the proposed and declared sites of the Natura 2000 Network, b) Identification of areas not included or proposed in the Natura 2000 Network, but which have a high ecological value and, therefore, are susceptible to being included in it, and c) Identification of gaps in taxonomic information on species present in marine areas, including the establishment of working groups for the updating of the Standard List of Marine Species. Developing a participatory process with all key stakeholders since the beginning of the project was key to successfully collect the existing data for each protected area, identifying key challenges and obstacles (e.g. different spatial and/or coverage of data across regions, etc.).","With a budget of €49.8 million, it has a financial contribution from the European Union's LIFE Programme.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea,https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf; https://committees.parliament.uk/publications/9005/documents/159002/default/;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/law-of-the-sea   ,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea was adopted in 1982. It lays down a comprehensive regime of law and order in the world's oceans and seas establishing rules governing all uses of the oceans and their resources.,"Commonly referred to as  the ‘constitution of the oceans’, UNCLOS is one of the most widely ratified  treaties, with 168 signatories including the United Kingdom and European 
Union. It sought to provide comprehensive governance of the world’s oceans 
and seas.According to the UN, more than3 billion people depend on the ocean for food, work and resources. Before UNCLOS, the oceans were largely governed by the 17th century 
concept of the ‘freedom of the seas’. Coastal states had rights over a narrow band of territorial sea adjacent to their land, roughly equivalent to the distance a cannonball could be fired from the shore (hence the original territorial sea limit of three nautical miles), but all waters beyond this were considered international waters and all states could use and traverse them freely. In the 20th century, states began to extend their jurisdiction over the sea. Some states (e.g. including Argentina, Canada, the United States, Chile, among others) extended their control to 200 nautical miles; others extended it to 12 nautical miles.",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,None,,1994,Yes,still ongoing,Decades,,"Fisheries, aquaculture, shipping industry, coastal tourism",,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",State,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Trade, Market interactions, States, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","There was widespread acknowledgement that some issues are not fully addressed in UNCLOS or under its umbrella. These include recent challenges and developments in maritime security (which is not defined in UNCLOS), biodiversity loss and environmental degradation, human rights and labour protections, and the regulation of access to economic resources, including on the seabed and in the water above it (the ‘water column’). There are 
also issues that were not yet a factor at the time of UNCLOS’s negotiation, including climate change and new technologies such as autonomous maritime vehicles. New developments and discussions  around how to regulate activities such as for example marine mining, as ""there are many interests and pressures"" currently in negotiations at the International Seabed Authority (ISA) to grant permits for short-term exploitation, not just exploration, when there are still no environmental impact standards for an activity that would cause very worrying damage to marine ecosystems that are barely known, in addition to the transport of goods or pollution.",,
Rafael Magris,rafael.jcu@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,ICMBio,0000-0002-1471-6603,Pacto para a Restauração da Mata Atlantica Project,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2013.07.013,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","A restoration  project that aims to articulate and integrate different sectors of the society at a large scale with economic, social, and environmental benefits.","It is meant to be integrative and inclusive, including multiple sectors of the society, such as  the business sector, and also be trans-disciplinary, with visions that embrace long-term goals, potentially addressing indirect drivers that cause deforestation.
",Latin America,Brazil,"Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Parana, Espirito Santo, Bahia, Santa Catarina",Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2012,Yes,---,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,Up to 10,Up to 10,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Population size, Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,Policy-related challenges,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Alimentta,https://alimentta.com/quienes-somos/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The gap between what we eat and a healthy Mediterranean diet is widening. The trend is marked by the consumption of processed foods, which lack adequate nutritional values. In a context where food-borne illnesses are increasing year after year, it is essential to year after year, it is essential to contribute to a change in the eating habits of the population, orienting them towards a model that takes into account the capacity of our environment to produce, prioritising fresh, local and seasonal food. Alimentta is working to develop actions based on solid scientific evidence to provide policy recommendations to the Spanish government to generate new pathways of the national food system towards a more sustainable and healthy   one.","Alimentta seeks to generate and circulate knowledge, contributing to decision-making from an interdisciplinary approach that is appropriate to our Mediterranean environment.
A food system that works by putting people's health and the care of ecosystems at the centre of decisions is a challenge that concerns us all.
As a Think Tank, in disciplines related to food, we share the knowledge generated and collaborate with all the agents involved in the food system in Spain to make it more resilient and fairer.",Europe,Spain,Spain,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,Private sector,,2020,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",At all levels within the country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Urbanization, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of an ongoing initiative with high transformative potential and with high  interlinks between Nexus elements in Spain,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The initiative has been primarily developed by scientists. Once created, the Think tank started to contact regional governments, the private sector, ONGs and trade unions to visualize the key objectives towards a more sustainable and healthy food system. Bringing together different actors (sometimes with a wide range or conflictive interests) made difficult to alignate the objectives of the initiative with all actors. Based on this exploratory cooperation, the initiative decided to develop local actions through the territory with the actors mostly in favour of the initiative, this helped to create trust and cooperation with them, and also contributed to generate a higher awareness for a sustainable food system and healthy population in Spain.",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Rumaki seascape,https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/rumaki_plus_seascape_outcome_story_jan_mar_2021.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The project is implemented as a pilot at Songosongo Island in Kilwa district aiming at contributing to strengthening sustainable fisheries management and seafood production, access to clean and efficient cooling systems in Tanzania contributing to social impacts on improving the livelihoods of artisanal coastal communities; conservation impacts on preserving fish stocks, restoring marine habitats and lowering greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions associated with cooling.","The fall of blast fishing that ended drastically in 2018 along the Tanzanian coast as a result of joint work of WWF and other stakeholders including the government and introduction of temporary reef closures for octopus fishery resulted into ecological integrity and increase in fisheries productivity in terms of catch and size. Shortage of ice in the island remained to be a prolonged problem leading to poor sea food handling, affecting market of the products and leading to post-harvest losses. Apart from installation of the ice making machine, other interventions are awareness and sensitization on octopus temporary closures and various capacity building activities for Songo Songo Beach Management Units (BMU) and VICOBA such as training on CHOMOKA Digital platform for operations and data management as well as engaging the community on various studies such as Octopus Value Chain Analysis, Fisheries Improvement Projects (FIP), Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Survey, Household Economics Survey (HHSE), assessment of temporary closures on Endangered, Threatened and Protected (ETP) species",Africa,Tanzania,Tanzania,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2018,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Migration, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Behaviour change is a long term process however; when successful its impact is huge with sustainability potential. Program interventions related to behavior change require perseverance, long-term investment and regular engagement with the target groups. Besides awareness and sensitization, Songo Songo community rejected establishment of the Beach Management Units (BMU) in 2014. Some continuous learning visits supported by WWF to some community members changed the attitude and requested support of establishment of BMU in 2017. Following various benefits in conservation work through BMU as a change agent, today
the community is thinking on establishing one more BMU in the village.",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Magnuson-Stevens Act,https://media.fisheries.noaa.gov/dam-migration/msa-amended-2007.pdf; https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/topic/laws-policies,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act is the primary law that governs marine fisheries management in U.S. federal waters. First passed in 1976, the MSA fosters the long-term biological and economic sustainability of marine fisheries. Its objectives include: Preventing overfishing,  Rebuilding overfished stocks,  Increasing long-term economic and social benefits, Ensuring a safe and sustainable supply of seafood
Protecting habitat that fish need to spawn, breed, feed, and grow to maturity.","The major threat to sustainable jobs, food, recreational opportunity and revenue
from U.S. marine fisheries is no longer overfishing, but underfishing. Under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the United States has become an international leader in fisheries management. The law has been reauthorized twice since its enactment—once in 1996 and again in 2006. In 2006, Congress added a requirement to use annual catch limits to end and prevent overfishing. In 2020, approximately 90 percent of all stocks or complexes did not exceed their annual catch limits. When catch limit overages occur, NOAA Fisheries and the Councils take steps to ensure overages don’t continue. Monitoring catch levels and keeping them in check on an annual basis helps reduce the chance of overfishing and ensures long-term biological and economic sustainability.",North America,USA,USA,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,1976,Yes,ongoing,Decades,No,Fisheries,,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Financial flows, States",,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Thanks to the Magnuson-Stevens Act, hard work, and dedication, our nation now benefits from dozens of rebuilt fish populations. The law's requirements to end overfishing and rebuild fish populations are working. Sustainable fisheries are the foundation of thriving fishing communities, healthy marine ecosystems, and a strong economy. Commercial, recreational, subsistence, and ceremonial fishing provide a valuable food source, important outdoor activities, and cultural significance for the nation. Critical scientific data doesn’t come only from scientists and laboratories. With first-hand information from commercial and recreational fishermen, NOAA Fisheries is learning more about key species and their habitats. Thanks to the implementation of the MSA, the U.S. commercial and recreational fishing supported 1.8 million jobs and $255 billion in sales in fishing and across the broader economy in 2019. However, climate change continues to impact fish stocks, challenging our ability to effectively manage and rebuild stocks.","Prior to 1976, international waters began at just 12 miles from shore and were fished by unregulated foreign fleets. The MSA extended U.S. jurisdiction to 200 nautical miles and established eight regional fishery management councils with representation from the coastal states and fishery stakeholders. The councils develop fishery management plans that comply with the MSA's conservation and management requirements, including 10 national standards to promote sustainable fisheries management.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA),Chopin et al. (2013) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03632415.2013.791285; Buck et al. (2018) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00165/full ,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Canadian Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture Network (CIMTAN) is a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council strategic network that was initiated in 2010. It was triggered by the fact that aquaculture, though the world fastest growing food production sector, is associated with environmental, economic, and societal issues.","Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) offers an innovative solution for the environmental sustainability, economic stability, and societal acceptability of aquaculture by taking an ecosystem-based management approach. IMTA is the farming, in proximity, of aquaculture species from different trophic levels, and with complementary ecosystem functions, so that one species’ excess nutrients are recaptured by the other crops and synergistic interactions among species occur.",North America,Canada,Canada,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Aquaculture",,"Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Overall, the feasibility of a combined fish, shellfish and/or seaweed aquaculture enterprise within offshore wind farming areas depends on such factors as: (1) technological implementation, (2) biological feasibility, (3) environmental sustainability of the enterprise, and (4) the economic feasibility of the operation. Further increase of marine aquaculture production will probably involve expansion into more exposed oceanic locations, but to what extent is uncertain. Marine aquaculture may also expand further on land in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Moving offshore is one way to reduce coastal stakeholder conflicts, environmental concerns, and to access better water quality. However, the solution to pollution should not be dilution but wastes should instead be seen as resources.It is most likely that offshore farms will be much larger than current coastal farms resulting in significantly more wastes being generated at each farm site. These wastes should be seen as co-products and resources to be utilized in a circular economy framework. It could be anticipated that even offshore farms could exceed the environmental assimilative capacity if increasing in size. There is, however, limited understanding regarding the links between offshore and coastal oceanic processes and, therefore, scientific research should closely accompany the development of offshore aquaculture and IMTA. IMTA may provide an alternative for making use of waste products and transforming these into valuable co-products, while, in addition to increased product profitability, other benefits and services may also be generated by the integrated extractive species.  Source: Buck et al. (2018) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00165/full",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Manambolo Tsiribihina Landscape,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y84LfKSYeTY; https://www.wwf.ch/sites/default/files/doc-2017-07/2015-09-factsheet-Manambolo-Tsiribihina-Landscape.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Manambolo Tsiribihina landscape includes the largest, most intact stretches of mangroves in the western Madagascar, one of the WWF’s 35 Priority Places in the Global 200 ecoregions. The Manambolo Tsiribihina mangrove forests provide an array of ecological and economic functions, which support livelihoods of about 50,000 inhabitants.
It plays also an important role in carbon sequestration (forest and sediments). The Manambolo Tsiribihina landscape is an implementation site showcasing consolidation of communitybased mangroves management, improvement of communities’
livelihoods and innovative approaches facing climate change.","Following Madagascar’s commitment to triple its protected area coverage in 2003, a mangrove conservation programme was initiated in 2005. Since then, the main achievements include: a) The establishment of community-based mangrove
management initiatives in Kivalo, Kaday, Bevavà, Antanandahy, Andramasay, Ambakivao and Beanjavilo totaling 15,000 ha, which include the most intact mangrove areas in the region; b) Building organizational, institutional and technical capacities of 7 community-based associations in the management of mangroves and associated resources; c) The emergence of public inter-communal cooperation organization (OPCI) Alokaina regrouping five communes and aiming at managing coastal and marine resources; d) Empowerment of the Regional Committee (CR-GIZC) regrouping actors involved in coastal management and
the one dealing with fisheries and aquaculture; e) Developing extensive training in improved fishing practices and fish processing techniques to coastal villages in collaboration with local and regional partners such as the OPCI Alokaina, Lalanda Consortium, CREPA and the decentralized fisheries services (DRPRH); f)  Integration of the 15,000 ha of community-based mangrove management into the new protected area of Menabe-Antimena; g) Support of civil society organization network in leading regional advocacy process linked to the sustainable use of natural resources; h) Development of an Action Plan related to crab fisheries and market in collaboration with local fishermen, government institutions, local and regional authorities, private sectors and NGOs and project/programmes; i)  374,500 propagules effectively and efficiently planted in 2 years with the participation of local communities in eight villages in the framework of a community-based restoration programme; j) Community-based mangrove management and Climate Change programme objectives taken into consideration in the Regional Development Plan of the Region of Menabe; k)  Building capacity among fishermen to improve the quality of their production, to have access to market and be able to establish a professional structure like a cooperative; l) Diversification of diet (linked to food security) through a feasibility study of beekeeping programme; m)  Assessment of the vulnerability of mangroves to climate change and the local communities who depend on it; n) Promoting pilot adaptation measures such as beekeeping  and community based ecotourism; and o)   Climate change adaptation training for local authorities, NGOs, civil society and communities. The initiative are benefiting more than 4000 direct and 47500 people indirectly.",Africa,Africa,Madagascar,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2005,Yes,ongoing,Years,no,Fisheries,,"Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","WWF has been working on a number of different fronts to achieve our goals in Manambolo Tsiribihina. The protection and restoration of the mangrove corridor from Menabe to Melaky is at the core of our work. To achieve this it was important to establish a sustainable supply and value chain for fuelwood. They were also working with local communities to
build capacity among civil society and youth, provide education for sustainable development
and empowering women in local society. A major  goal was (is) to introduce opportunities for alternative livelihoods, including bee keeping, duck breeding, handicrafts and ecotourism. It was not possible to do this alone, and reply on the support of partners including district and regional authorities, local CBOs, partner NGOs and Madagascar National Parks.","In recent years, immigration to the area has become more pronounced and has resulted in overexploitation of fisheries and mangrove resources and increased clearing of mangroves
for rice production. The Sakalava and Vezo ethnic groups rely on fishing, rice production, and animal husbandry, while they lack of organizational and technical capacity to properly
manage natural resources; and this is worsened by inadequate governmental authority to address issues such as migration, land tenure conflicts, low literacy rate, access to markets, health and education services. Since the recent discoveries, oil and gas development will
be also an emerging issues for the all the Western coasts of Madagascar. The very high values of mangroves which underpin the Menabe/Melaky region’s economy offer a sound
justification to empower local communities and civil society organizations. Previous WWF’s work in the area has facilitated the establishment and increased ownership of successful
community-based mangrove management. Apart the increased human pressures linked to growing human vulnerability, climate change is also a new threat to mangroves and is likely to affect the productivity and conservation values of these unique ecosystems. The development of community-based mangroves management has the potential to reduce degradation and uphold the integrity of mangroves, while addressing the socio-economic
needs of local populations. In addition, promoting the implementation of adaptation
measures will help to strengthen the resilience of mangrove ecosystems and the local communities who depend on it.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,TrazApp,https://www.wwf.org.ec/?372090/Como-una-aplicacion-movil-facilito-una-revolucion-tecnologica-en-el-sector-pesquero-artesanal-peruano,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","TrazApp is a mobile application that serves as a traceability solution and tracks a seafood product from catch to table. The app was designed to generate reliable real-time information and is easy to use so that anyone within the supply chain, regardless of their role, can easily access and share information. Approximately 200 fishermen have been testing WWF's TrazApp in Peru and are now actively digitally recording and reporting their catches. It is helping to hold fishermen and others involved in the process to account and decrease the flow of illegal, unreported and unregulated fish products flooding international markets. TrazApp can also provide useful data on fish stocks that can be used to make important assessments, improve fisheries management and aid conservation efforts. Peruvian fishermen who successfully adopted this mobile application and used it to comply with Peruvian regulations were able to apply for fishing permits. Many did so for the first time and those who obtained those permits were finally able to fish legally in the waters they had worked in all their lives. TrazApp is also being adopted as a safety tool for fishing communities. The app tracks a fisher's location and gives their loved ones the ability to know the departures and arrivals of their trip, which can be useful for long journeys. 
 ","Paper forms and handwritten records still predominate in most data collection and reporting systems used by fisheries around the world. Among Peru's small-scale artisanal fisheries, even these simpler recording methods were largely non-existent. Some 62% of the artisanal fishing fleet in Peru does not have a valid fishing permit, making it difficult to verify the origin and legality of products. With increasing international demand for Peruvian seafood products, particularly from the United States, more Peruvian fisheries are seeking to align with increasingly stringent international requirements and standards for seafood products to ensure their sustainability. Beginning in 2016, perico (mahi-mahi or dorado) and pota (giant squid) fishermen in Peru formed artisanal fishing cooperatives and began working with WWF on fishery improvement projects to comply with Peruvian regulations in hopes of obtaining fishing permits that would help them sell their catch in Peru and abroad. To comply with these government regulations, fishermen would have to adopt a catch documentation system to record their catch and share this data with the government. To facilitate the flow of information, WWF co-developed a mobile application called TrazApp with fishers, the government and other supply chain actors, and has been training fishers in three fishing cooperatives in northern Peru: La Tortuga, La Islilla and San José, to use it.
",Latin America and Caribbean,Peru,"La Tortuga, La Islilla y San José",,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2016,Yes,ongoing,Months,,"Fisheries, small-scale fisheries",,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","TrazApp is also being adopted as a safety tool for fishing communities. The app tracks a fisher's location and gives their loved ones the ability to know the departures and arrivals of their trip, which can be useful for long journeys. With this resource, families who traditionally had no way of knowing if their relatives were safe at sea now have that vital information in the palm of their hands via a smartphone. Sustainability and traceability initiatives can only thrive with the help of fishermen and TrazApp enables their protection at sea.",WWF is looking at how this technology can be replicated in other parts of the world to help other small-scale fishing communities. ,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,"We Sea, Jealsa's Corporate Social Responsibility programme,",https://jealsa.com/jealsa-obtiene-la-primera-certificacion-msc-para-atun-rabil-en-el-oceano-atlantico/;https://www.europapress.es/epsocial/responsables/noticia-jealsa-amplia-certificacion-msc-todo-atun-aleta-amarilla-atlantico-20220803104951.html,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Jealsa company extends its MSC certification to all yellowfin tuna in the Atlantic Ocean
This new certification is a major achievement for tuna sustainability. Currently the volume of AGAC's MSC certified catches for these six tropical tuna species is around 180,000 tonnes, 50 percent of the total catches of this fleet.","After becoming in 2019 the first Spanish company to obtain MSC certification for yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) caught in free school in the Atlantic, Jealsa reaches a new milestone in sustainable fishing, obtaining the first MSC certification for skipjack tuna also in the Atlantic Ocean.",Europe,Spain,Galicia,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,2020,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone),Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Trade, Financial flows, Market interactions",,"Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","After knowing and recognizing the benefits to be certified by the MSC and realizing that sustainable fishing enterprises need to develop internal processes and actions to demonstrate their commitment with sustainable standards, Jealsa adopted a pioneer step and finally certified tuna fisheries harvesting in several oceans of the world.","The Association of Large-scale Tuna Freezer Vessels (AGAC), of which Jealsa is a member, has announced that it has obtained MSC certification for six of the 12 tropical tuna stocks tested, achieving certification for yellowfin tuna in the eastern Pacific, western Pacific and Atlantic; for skipjack tuna in the western Pacific and Indian Ocean; and for bigeye tuna also in the western Pacific.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The Sea Around Us Project,https://www.seaaroundus.org/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Sea Around Us Project is a scientific collaboration between the University of British Columbia and the Pew Environment Group that began in July 1999. The Sea Around Us is an international research initiative and a member of the Global Fisheries Cluster at the University of British Columbia. The Sea Around Us assesses the impact of fisheries on the marine ecosystems of the world and offers mitigating solutions to a range of stakeholders. To achieve this, the Sea Around Us presents fisheries and fisheries-related data at spatial scales that have ecological and policy relevance, such as by Exclusive Economic Zones, High Seas areas, or Large Marine Ecosystems.","All spatialized data are visualized either graphically or mapped, and all data can be downloaded. Global fisheries catches from 1950 to the present are available, under explicit consideration of coral reefs, seamounts, estuaries and other critical habitats of fish and marine invertebrates. The data presented, which are all freely available, are meant to support studies of global fisheries trends and the development of sustainable, ecosystem-based fisheries policies. In the early 2000s, members of the Sea Around Us uncovered that China was overestimating its catches and showed that, when such distortions were removed from overall fisheries catches, global fisheries were actually declining since the late 1980s. The Sea Around Us also showed that the biomass of large fish in the North Atlantic is one-tenth of what it was only a century ago. Aquaculture, according to another study with members from the Project, cannot be expected to compensate for overfishing but is instead likely to exacerbate the problem due to the reliance on wild fish for fishmeal.In other words, without serious long-term planning, the oceans might get a lot worse before they get better. In 2016, members of the Sea Around Us, using reconstructed global catch data that combine officially reported landings data with comprehensive estimates of unreported landings and discards, documented that, from 1950-2010, global catches were around 50% higher than reported data suggest. Furthermore, total catches seem to be declining faster from their peak catch in the mid-1990s than reported data would suggest.",Canada,Canada,Canada,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,1999,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Aquaculture",,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Trade, Market interactions, States, Global coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Designing new methodologies of data collection always requires a good network of collaborators around the world, and it also supposes not only to develop capacity building to researchers involved in global projects such as this one, but also to deal with international organizations to improve the data collection of global fisheries. These challenges require time and also mobilize huge amount of financial resources.",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The five-year Plan for fisheries development,https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/chn209619.pdf; https://chinadialogueocean.net/en/fisheries/chinas-five-year-plan-for-fishing-focuses-on-aquaculture/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","This 14th Five-Year National Fishery Development Plan is a sectoral plan covering the period of 2021-2025. The development goals of the Plan are: By 2025, the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of fisheries will be significantly enhanced, the supply capacity of aquatic products will be steadily improved, the industrial structure will become more reasonable, the green development of aquaculture will achieve positive results, the conservation capacity and level of fishery resources will be further improved, the foreign cooperation of fisheries will be carried out in a pragmatic manner, the infrastructure and equipment conditions of fisheries will be significantly improved, and the modernization of fishery governance system and governance capacity will be significantly improved, fishermen 's sense of well-being and security will be significantly enhanced, with stronger fisheries, better ecology, richer fishermen and more beautiful fishing villages.","To achieve the goals by 2025, the specific objectives are identified. Industrial development objectives include: The total output of aquatic products will reach 69 million tons, the domestic marine fishing output will be controlled within 10 million tons, and the fishery output value will reach 150 billion yuan, and the income of fishermen will increase significantly. A number of national demonstration areas for healthy aquaculture and ecological aquaculture and coastal fishing port economic zones will be built, and the qualified rate of veterinary drug residue monitoring of aquatic products from national origin will be more than 99%.

In terms of green ecological objectives, the fishing moratorium system will be further improved, and the total management of marine fishery resources and the fishing quota system will be promoted in an orderly manner. The discharge of tail water from intensive aquaculture such as ponds and factories will meet relevant management and control requirements. Compared with 2020, the number of marine fishing motorized fishing vessels in the country will achieve negative growth. A number of national-level marine ranching demonstration areas will be built, more than 150 billion units of various aquatic fry and precious and endangered species will be released for stock enhancement.

In terms of governance capability objectives, China will fully implement the planning of aquaculture waters and beaches and the aquaculture license system, and promote the improvement of the aquaculture environmental supervision standard system. The construction and management of fishing ports will be comprehensively promoted, the list of fishing ports will be released, the formulation of port regulations will be completed, and the comprehensive fishery supervision system relying on fishing ports will be basically completed. The management system of fishing vessels and fishing gears will be improved, fishery law enforcement and supervision will be strengthened, and the ability to participate in global fishery governance will be significantly improved. According to the Plan, China will actively participate in and support the work of the international community in combating illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, actively participate in the negotiation and consultation of global international organizations and regional fisheries management organizations, and fulfill international obligations responsibly.

",Asia,China,China,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Public sector,,2022,Yes,ongoing,Years,no,"Fisheries, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry, Aquaculture",,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",State,Over a million,More than 1000,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,Large negative effect,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Population size, Migration, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Trade, Financial flows, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Fisheries management has got significantly tighter since 2016. Closed seasons in all of China’s fisheries along its coasts have been extended by a month, to three to four months, and over 100,000 vessels without the necessary registrations have been confiscated. Meanwhile, alongside controls on total overall catch, provinces are starting to put total allowable catch (TAC) systems in place for certain species of fish. The 14th FYP period will see more TAC systems rolled out. Distant-water fishing will not be the main driver of growth in China’s seafood output, but it is an important part of upgrading the industry. And, in a way, it is part of China’s diplomacy. China has inked fishing deals with 20 nations across Asia, Africa and Latin America, and has signed up to eight regional fishery management organisations. China even has also hopes of using the Belt and Road Initiative, overseas operations of fishing firms and the UN’s South-South cooperation project to export leading and environmentally friendly aquaculture approaches to other nations. ","Limiting wild catch and reducing vessel numbers has been at the heart of China’s fisheries policy since 2017, when provinces were told how many vessels to take off the water. By 2020, 40,000 working vessels had been taken off Chinese coastal waters, from about 270,000 in 2015, and the total catch reduced to just under 10 million tonnes, down from 13 million, according to the China Fishing Industry Yearbook. This was the first time wild catch had been below 10 million tonnes since 1995. During that same 2016–2020 period, China started piloting systems determining total allowable catches, and allocating these across vessels. Given the continued limits on wild catches laid out in the 14th FYP for fisheries, the planned increase in seafood production will need to come primarily from aquaculture. If China is to improve compliance with international treaties, it will have to implement fishery conservation measures that are in common international use. China’s first distant-water fishing vessel only set sail in 1985 – but it now has over 2,700. As the fleet has expanded, disputes have become more common. As part of efforts in 2016–2020 to formalise fishing activity, China required vessels to comply with international fishing treaties and established a system for assessing compliance. It also put China’s first voluntary closed season on the high seas into effect, for squid fishing, and for the first time sent observers to monitor trans-shipments on the high seas.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,"Management Plan of ""La Sonsera""",https://www.comprometidosconelmar.com/en/iniciativa/-management-plan-of--la-sonsera-,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The Management Plan for La Sonsera is valid for 5 years and sets forth the fishery’s regulatory framework in explicit detail. The fishing resources are managed under an ecosystemic approach that seeks to adjust the harvests to the maximum sustainable yield.The key has been the implementation of the measures set based on the scientific studies and the shared decision-making regarding the fishery’s management.  Especially noted is a reduction of the fishing efforts and the strict compliance with the harvest quotas established.,"In 2012, the “sonso” or sand eel (Gymnammodytes cicerelus) fishers of Catalonia foresaw that the fishery was going to be forbidden by the European Commission due to failure to comply with the regulations regarding their fishing gear, in spite of it being of a traditional, selective and low-impact mode. The fishers, the administration, scientists, and NGOs worked on a management plan for the fishery to obtain an exceptional authorisation by the European Commission and continue with their fishing activities.  In 2012, the Committee for Joint Management of the “Sonsera” Mode Fishing (Comité de Cogestión de la Modalidad de la Sonsera  or CCMS) was created with the participation of the Central Administration (Ministry of the Environment), the Regional Government of Catalonia, the fishing sector (26 boats), the scientists of the Superior Council for Scientific Research (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas or CSIC) – the Marine Sciences Institute (Instituto de Ciencias del Mar or ICM) and members of the civil society acting through two NGOs (WWF and Greenpeace).The “sonso” fishery today is a model for joint management at both a state and European level.",Europe,Spain,Catalonia,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2012,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Joint management enables to jointly assess the alternatives during times of crisis for the fishery and the decisions are optimised bearing in mind the common interest while providing stability and confidence in the process.

The joint management committee explores opportunities for reversing the socio-economic impacts arising from the fishery.  Additionally, this closer monitoring of the fishing activity has enabled reducing the illegal harvesting and black market of the “sonso.”

Fishers state that a greater empowering in the making of decisions by the sector and the establishment of harvest quotas has improved the fishery’s efficiency.  The fishing efforts have been reduced and, therefore, there are fewer expenses, which means a net increase in the benefits.  ","In 2013, the Sonso Co-Management Committee was awarded a merit award for conservation.
",
Janita Gurung,janita.gurung@icimod.org,CLA,Transformative Change,International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development,0000-0003-1053-4412,Recovering the population of an endangered wildlife species in Nepal,https://www.iucn.org/news/202207/nepal-achieves-global-commitment-double-tiger-1,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",To double the population of the endangered Panthera tigris (Bengal tiger) in the country,This case study illustrates how system-wide changes had to occur in order to achieve a biodiversity goal of doubling the population of an endangered wildlife species. ,Asia,Nepal,Tarai region,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,"Combination of public sector, third sector, and private sector funds",,2000,Yes,NA,Decades,NA,"Agriculture, Foresty, Tourism",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,More than 1000,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving forest and wildlife habitat connectivity",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Population size, Trade",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity",,,"The process could have been more inclusive in terms of indigenous peoples participation and socially marginalized groups such as persons with disabilities, but this is generally the challenge in the country that needs to be addressed.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This transformative change 'of' biodiversity took time to achieve, and it was possible only because the people who 'held the power' - i.e. government bureaucrats - engaged meaningfully through policy changes (shifts) to achieve the long-term goal of species recovery.","Transformative change is a 'process' that continues beyond our intended outcomes. This is clearly evidenced by the new challenge that has arisen due to the recovery of the endangered tiger species in Nepal - human-wildlife conflict. The imbalance between this predator species and its shrinking prey population has resulted in more conflicts with people. Hence, it is necessary to anticipate the 'unintended' consequences during the change process and to make plans to address these consequences, as well.",
Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio; TCA technical support unit,cmzambranat@gmail.com,CLA,Nexus,,0000-0002-5614-7496,Infectious Disease Emergence and Economics of Altered Landscapes ,https://www.ecohealthalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/IDEEAL_report_final.pdf,No,"To quantify the economic costs of deforestation on malaria outcomes in Sabah, Malaysia, and determine the optimal amount of land that could be converted to agriculture land that minimized these costs.","It links health, biodiversity loss and quantify the economic benefits and costs. Further, this project developed a Policy Position Paper with police recommendations promoting the use of science- based land planning tools. This Position Paper was jointly supported by Sabah Wildlife Department and Sabah State Health Department, showcasing collaboration between multiple government agencies.","Borneo-Malaysia,  Southeast Asia","Borneo, Malaysia,  Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar, Thailand,  Thailand, Brunei, Timor, Indonesia,  Philippines,  Singapore","Borneo-Malaysia,  Southeast Asia",,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Public sector,,2013,No,2019,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Health, Finance, Industry",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,No change,,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, bringing a common language the discussion table: economics. Government, local communities and private sector agreed on valuing ecosystem services provided by nature and were able to discuss pros and cons of conservation vs conversion ",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,"Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Concentrated production, Local community coordination",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"Would have been interested to include other Nexus elements such as water and food. Information on these elements are available in the region. 
Better data transparency and availability : The IDEEAL modeling app was not available at first and data opacity.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Wiebren Johannes Boonstra,wijnand.boonstra@geo.uu.se,LA,Transformative Change,Uppsala University,0000-0002-1191-0574,Birds conservation,Bargheer. S. 2012. Moral entanglements. Conserving birds in Britain and Germany,No,To explain why people stopped catching and killing birds and how instead the practice of birdwatching became institutionalised,"Although the practice of finding and spotting birds remained quite the same, the outcome compared to killing birds for collection or watching them for collection is tremendous (a transformation)",EU,United Kingdom,not relevant,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,I don’t know,,Transformation took place after availability of cheap and good binoculars,Yes,When people stop killing and stuffing birds as collectibles,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water",,"almost all of the above (except for the deep sea perhaps, i.e. where no birds are)",Global,I don't know,"I don't know, None",I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don´t know,No change,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,,,,,,,,Availability of cheap and good technology (binoculars),,,,Technology and institutions (bird conservation organisations),,,"Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,,Not sure what to answer here,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",That transformation can come about through technological innovation rather than a change in values or morality,,
Ermias Betemariam; TCA technical support unit,e.betemariam@cifor-icraf.org,LA,Transformative Change,Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and World Agroforestry (ICRAF),https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1955-6995,Harnessing the potential of trees-on-farms for meeting national and global biodiversity targets,"https://treesonfarmsforbiodiversity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Trees-on-Farms-Project-Brochure.pdf
https://treesonfarmsforbiodiversity.com/
https://www.cifor-icraf.org/knowledge/publication/18354/","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Trees on Farms (TonF) project is aimed at building the awareness of the role trees on farms can play in biodiversity conservation in Peru, Indonesia, Honduras, Uganda and Rwanda. Our rationale is simple – trees play a critical role in contributing to biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes through in-situ conservation, by connecting fragmented wild habitats and providing steppingstones between protected area networks and conserving soil biodiversity and agrobiodiversity. They are useful and profitable to farmers as they provide a range of goods and services from fuelwood to controlling water runoff. Farmers need them, and the planet does too. Learn more about our work with governments, local communities and other stakeholders to achieve this goal.
",Trees on farm (agroforestry) is becoming a major land use type globally that  that could place a transformative role in achieving  biodiversity goals,Africa and Latin America,"Honduras, Indonesia, Peru, Rwanda, Uganda","Honduras, Indonesia, Peru, Rwanda, Uganda",Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,,2018,Yes,2023,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,Incentives and capacity building,,,Population size,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,proper valuation of the multifunctional roles of of trees on farms including biodiversity,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",The biodiversity roles of trees on agricultural lands,,
Martina Propedo; TCA technical support unit,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,Rio Negro University,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,Interaction of Biodiversity and Economic Welfare – A Case Study from the Himalayas of India,http://www.jeionline.org/index.php?journal=mys&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=200500061,No,"This paper tries to examine the relationship between economic welfare and biodiversity in the context of mountainous conditions. In particular, this paper aims to enhance studies in the area of medicinal and aromatic plants in their natural habitat and the impact of the local economy on their conservation and management with the help of remote sensing techniques in view of understanding the preservation of biodiversity and improving the economic condition of the local people.","The economic valuation of native plants is crucial for the conservation of biodiversity and the well-being of the people who collect them, as it can slow down land use change, generate value-added products and access to differentiated markets, and enhance the importance of traditional knowledge among other benefits.",Asia,India,Himalaya,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,,1999,No,2002,Decades,,"Health, Natural resources - native plant collection",,Tundra and high mountain habitats,Community,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,None,,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.,,,"Low international market prices may inhibit farmer motivation to expand cacao production if they also have the choice to grow plantains for a higher and steadier income. Related to this, local buyers’ organizations may help buffer global fluctuations in price, but can also set lower prices. Regional or local pricing may then relate to the presence or lack of a cooperative structural arrangement that would include or exclude indigenous farmers in economic decisions within the market. The prevalence of monilia in Talamanca drastically reduces cacao yields, and no control methods currently exist that would be feasible for farmers within the indigenous territories. This multiplicity of factors highlights the complexity that smallholders face in choosing livelihood strategies with tradeoffs beyond individual control.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","To achieve sustainable conservation goals in production systems, it is necessary to develop an appropriate working mechanism based on existing resources, from which communities can benefit economically and offset costs for which they receive no incentives (e.g., transport). This work has shown that diversification of agroforestry activities can, among many other benefits, reduce pressure on the use of natural resources such as vegetation. At the same time, these initiatives are important for preserving traditional knowledge and the commercial potential of little-known products.",,
Martina Propedo,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,Río Negro University,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,"LINKAGES AMONG BIODIVERSITY, LIVELIHOOD, AND TOURISM",doi:10.1016/j.annals.2011.03.006,No,"The purpose of this study, therefore, is to explore how tourism, particularly nature-based tourism, can help link biodiversity conservation and livelihood improvement. More specifically, this study has two main objectives: to identify themes that help to elucidate the linkages, and to compare the linkages that exist among different stages of tourism development.","How do we make biodiversity conservation sustainable? This paper emphasizes the multiple dimensions that should be addressed in biodiversity conservation, in particular, poverty. It shows how traditional approaches settle a trade-off between biodiversity conservation and reduction of poverty since protected areas neglect the local communities to access natural resources. It proposes a pro-poor tourism development approach. ",Asia,Nepal,Chitwan National Park,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2008,No,2009,Decades,The study has been completed but refers to a process under analysis. ,Protected areas,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,Incentives and capacity building,,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The paper identified five overarching themes to understand the complex relationships among biodiversity conservation, livelihood improvement, and tourism development, including: empowerment, capacity building, economic benefits, biodiversity conservation and environmental services, and amenities development. Tourism and conservation activities provided many skills-development, income-generating, and leadership training opportunities for local residents. These training programs help locals get jobs and start small-scale tourism-related enterprises. Tourism has also been a major source of revenue for the park and the revenue has been spent on funding conservation and livelihood improvement programs. When people’s livelihoods improve, they can invest more into the tourism industry and exercise greater control. This helps reduce leakages and increases empowerment of the local community.",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6296-4479,Africa Blue Economy Strategy,https://www.au-ibar.org/sites/default/files/2020-10/sd_20200313_africa_blue_economy_strategy_en.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",The Vision of the BE Strategy is an inclusive and sustainable blue economy that significantly contributes to Africa’s transformation and growth.,"The Strategy is aimed, for the first time, at supporting and providing guidance to African Union member states and regional institutions for coherent formulation of their national and regional blue economy strategies that would promote socio-economic transformation and growth.",Africa,Africa,Africa,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2018,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,no,"Fisheries, Energy, Aquaculture, Shipping/transportation,  Coastal and maritime tourism",,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Among countries,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Migration, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Trade, Financial flows, States",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,,"This is an example of a transformative change and it directly relates with water, energy and food.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","African Union (AU) recognizes the inherent challenges faced by its member states in realizing the full benefits from the various sectors of the blue economy; notably, the increasing menace of illegal fishing in the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ). This has resulted in massive loss of valuable catch conservatively estimated at $10 billion USD annually. Sea piracy and illegal drug trafficking are serious challenges in the blue economy sector as these incidences of piracy pose a real threat not only to the safety of vessels and their crew but also to the economies of affected countries particularly in the Gulf of Guinea and South West Indian Ocean. Pollution through dumping of toxic wastes as well as indiscriminate discarding of single use plastics and environmental randomness also undermine the realization of Africa’s Blue Economy Growth. It is now common knowledge that climate change and climate variability are already imparting on Africa’s aquatic systems and food production overall. Underpinning these challenges are significant institutional and governance challenges that continue to constrain the ability of AU member states to effectively formulate and implement policies relating to growth of the relatively new blue economy concept. Moreover, many member states’ environmental laws and policies are from the older generation when issues of the blue economy and climate change were absent from the development agenda. Creating a collaborative space to jointly address these challenges is still under development with different levels of advances.",n/a.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The scallop fishery of Peninsula Valdés,"Orensanz J. M., Cinti A., Parma A.M., Burotto L., Espinosa-Guerrero S., Sosa-Cordero E., Sepúlveda C., y Toral-Granda V. 2013. Latin-American Rights-Based Fisheries Targeting Sedentary Resources. Part I, pp. 12-75, en: J.M. Orensanz y J.C. Seijo, eds., Rights-Based Management in Latin- American Fisheries, FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper 582, 136 pp; Orensanz, J. M., Parma, A. M., Jerez, G., Barahona, N., Montecinos, M. y Elías, I. 2005. What are the key elements for the sustainability of “S- fisheries”? Insights from South America. En N. Erhardt, ed., The Scientific Bases for the Sustainability of Fisheries. Bulletin of Marine Science 76: 527- 556; Cinti, A., Góngora, M.E., Venerus, L., Sánchez-Carnero, N., Antón, G., Parma, A., y Piñeiro, M. 2020. Unlocking legal and policy frameworks for small-scale fisheries in Argentina. In Kerezi, V., Nakamura, J., El Halimi, M., and Chuenpagdee, R. (Eds.). Unlocking Legal and Policy Frameworks for Small-Scale Fisheries: Global Illustrations. TBTI Global Publication Series, St. John's, NL, Canada.http://toobigtoignore.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Argentina_Pineiro.pdf","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Patagonian scallop (Zygochlamys patagonica) fishery constitutes the first co-management system established in Argentina. Artisanal fishing in Península Valdés with an origin that dates back to more than 3,000 years, practiced using rudimentary techniques and tools by the original Tehuelche settlers. At present, three fishing modalities exist which employ at least 120-130 fishers: beach seining, coastal gathering of mollusks and shellfish diving, all of which require a fishing permit issued by the provincial Fisheries Secretariat. The scallop diving fishery operated with minimum regulations (a size limit and a fishing season) during the 1970-80s and co-existed during a few years with scallop dredgers and trawlers until they were banned because of its impact in the bottom communities. The fleet expanded (to about 40 boats, many unlicensed) in the mid-1990s under a licence system that did not put a cap on effort, until the fishery collapsed in 1995. The fishery remained closed for three years and reopened in 1999, when the provincial fisheries administration created a technical advisory committee with representation of the local fishers’ organization (Asociación de Pescadores Artesanales de Puerto Madryn [APAPM]), scientists from a federal institute (Centro Nacional Patagónico [CENPAT]), and staff from three government branches from the Chubut province: fisheries, tourism and protected areas. The committee recommended the implementation of a limited-entry programme that privileged fishers with a history of participation in the fishery. The new system establishes that permits are granted to boat owners who receive an equal share of the scallop total allowable catch (TAC). The fishery is subject to limited entry (21 permits); entry/exist rules have recently been formalized. Permit holders must be registered, active fishers (physically onboard), with at least three years of residence in the province, and comply with administrative requirements (e.g. tributary, maritime authorizations). Permit holders have exclusive rights for commercial diving for scallops and other molluscs in the San José Gulf. Diving and coastal gathering are the only methods permitted for harvesting molluscs; no industrial fishing is allowed within the gulf.","The scallop management system and the way fishers, scientists and the administration have been cooperating since the creation of the new technical advisory committee with representation of the local fishers’ organization generated a transformative space for actors to create new pathways of change. A provincial registry of artisanal fishers has been established to document participation of all crew members. Scallop harvests are currently regulated through a TAC, a minimum legal size and a season. Scallop surveys are conducted annually with participation of fleet units, scientists and technical staff from the provincial fisheries administration. Results are discussed in joint meetings, and an annual TAC is agreed upon, which is divided up in equal shares among permit holders. While quota shares are formally non-transferable, in practice they are leased under a variety of ad hoc arrangements.",South America,Argentina ,Peninsula Valdes,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1999,Yes,still ongoing,Decades,No,Fisheries,,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change and it directly relates with food (Nexus).,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Peninsula Valdés, whose lands are privately owned and have been traditionally used for sheep ranching, was declared a Protected Natural Area in 2001, including San José Gulf and part of Nuevo Gulf. Organized fishers participated actively in the elaboration of its Management Plan, which led to the listing of Peninsula Valdés as a UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site in 1999. This designation gave an important boost to the tourism industry, bringing thousands of national and foreign tourists, attracted by the spectacular beauty of a practically uninhabited territory and its wild fauna, especially the high concentrations of southern right whales and other marine mammals and birds that breed in the gulfs and coasts. Tourism is currently the third or fourth highest income-generating activity in the province.
The participation of the fishers in the elaboration of the Management Plan increased their entrepreneurial capacity and made them aware of the responsibilities and benefits of operating within a Protected Area. They became conscious that their products deserved to be distinguished for coming from a wild area with unique natural characteristics. Despite numerous attempts to improve marketing, they have not been able to obtain a certification of origin for their products, nor have appropriate marketing mechanisms been promoted by the government.
The local community has learned to appreciate the role of artisanal fishers as providers of good-quality seafood, worthy of a gourmet table. But the increased visibility of artisanal fishers has its other side. There are actors within the tourism sector who do not see artisanal fishers as allies but rather seek to expel them from the Protected Area. The confrontation with some of the local landowners for access to the beaches has been escalating and increasingly intimidating actions have been used against the fishers. Fishers are united in their struggle to defend their right to a decent and safe work but the lack of effective public policies leaves room for such excesses. Although support is emerging from various sectors of the community, the State has not exercised the mediating and facilitating role that it should in order to build forms of mutual collaboration and defend fishers’ legal right to operate within the Protected Area","Some of the current key current challenges: The most pressing challenges are the lack of public policies designed to strengthen artisanal fishing as a productive activity, and that conceptualize the sector as an ally of environmental conservation and the activity as a tourist attraction for the region. Additionally, the State does not act as a mediator in the face of power asymmetries between sectors. Landowners are powerful within Península Valdés, having access to decision-making spaces and great influence over public officers.
The high rotation of government officers does not allow a full appreciation within the State of the realities of artisanal fisheries; nor does it allow the articulation of short, medium and long-term projects as new staff in office tend to start all over from scratch when considering new strategies for the artisanal sector (Source: Piñeiro, M.(2021). Artisanal fishers of Peninsula Valdés, Argentina, confronting asymmetries of power and rights in the management of a Protected Area. In: Kerezi, V. & Chuenpagdee, R. (Eds.) Blue Justice For Small-Scale Fisheries: A Global Scan, Volume 3. TBTI Global Publication Series, St. John's, NL, Canada).
",
Martina Propedo,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,URNR,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,Seeds for livelihood: Crop biodiversity and food production in Ethiopia,doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.03.024,No,"Maintaining diverse plant varieties on farmers' fields, in-situ1 conservation, vis-a-vis storing germplasms in gene banks, is increasingly regarded as an effective way of conservation of plant genetic resources. At the heart of whether in-situ conservation could be pursued as a fruitful strategy of keeping important germplasms alive is whether it generates farm level benefits that are internalized by farmers. This paper assesses the contribution of crop diversity to farm-level productivity using farm-level panel data from the Central Highlands of Ethiopia. The study is conducted in a setting where environmental conditions are difficult due to poor soil quality and challenging weather conditions. Therefore, of special interest is the impact of rainfall abundance on productivity and its interplay with crop biodiversity. ","Farming is one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss. Understanding farmers' incentives to grow diverse varieties and local cultivars are critical to the success of in-situ conservation. in-situ conservation is the conservation of plant materials in surroundings where they have developed their distinctive properties. Since in-situ conservation takes place on farmers' fields, it is viable only if it generates sufficient farm level benefits. Hence, determining the appropriate cost and benefit of keeping species on farmers' fields is an important step in designing in-situ conservation efforts. Assessing the contribution of crop biodiversity to productivity is thus one way of measuring this benefit. The issue is of particular importance in countries like Ethiopia. Ethiopia is characterized by large dependence on rain-fed agriculture, large crop biodiversity and inadequate rainfall. In this environment enhancing agricultural productivity is in an utmost priority in order to achieve food security and reduce the chronic dependence on external food aid.",Africa,Ethiopia,Central Highlands,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2002,No,2005,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Tundra and high mountain habitats, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Individual,Between 10 to 100,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,Changes in primary sector,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This paper finds that increasing the number of crop varieties increases production. This result is stronger when rainfall is lower. Henceforth, this result provides further (and more robust) empirical evidence on the relationship between productivity and crop biodiversity. This indicates that in a challenging production environment, farmers' reliance on crop biodiversity is very important. The productivity analysis was complemented by the study of the determinants of crop biodiversity at the farm level. Results suggest that rainfall and household endowments tend to govern crop diversity decisions. When farmers expect harsher environmental conditions, they use more diversity to reduce the risk of crop loss and maintain the productivity of their agroecosystem. Land tenure security seems to play a very important role in determining farm-level diversity. Policies aiming to strengthen land tenure security may therefore foster in-situ conservation of resources; resources that are crucial to improving the productivity of food crops.","In the context of global migration due to climate change, it seems important to me to take into account the food security of the populations in the affected areas. ",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Small pisciculture of the Arara community (Amazonia),Personal communication during the IPBES second ILK dialogue for the transformative change assessment.,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The aim of the initiative is to develop a new pisciculture farm system in the Arara Community of the Colombian Amazon to produce food for the indigenous peoples living in the community.,"This is an example of a transformative change as indigenous peoples created a new pisciculture farm system with local species to produce seafood. They shifted the way they were traditionally working by harvesting wild species from the Amazon River and due to the declining of abundance of species (e.g. pollution, overfishing by non-indigenous peoples), they created a new Association to develop the pisciculture activity. The indigenous peoples involved in the association (24; 14 men and 10 women) namely produce ""cachama blanca y negra"" and other native species for human consumption. They are also working now to produce subproducts of the species (collagen) for cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medicinal uses. They also use fish paste to use in the elaboration of hamburgueses and nuggets. The pisciculture system is highly productive in terms of revenues for indigenous peoples.",South America,Colombia,Arara Community - Colombian Amazon,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2014,Yes,still ongoing,Years,,Pisciculture ,,"Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"This is an example of a transformative change and it directly relates with food, energy and water (Nexus).","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The indigenous community was able to adapt to the need to produce food and innovate by developing a new method of fish production to produce food for their community and the domestic market. They also developed a storage system for inputs so that they could have regular availability throughout the year. They bring fry from Brazil to introduce into their farming systems, and apply good practices in their production model, such as crop scheduling, pond preparation (sludge removal, fertilization), monthly sampling, food records, and post-harvest management using ice. They produce food for human consumption in various presentations and sizes. They have also developed a water use permit system, cultivation and marketing, and an animal health register.

",n/a,
Martina Propedo,martinapropedo@gmail.com,CA,Transformative Change,UNRN,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-7798,Escalamiento horizontal y profundo de la agroecología: lecciones de dos organizaciones defensoras de la soberanía de semillas en Colombia,DOI: 10.5380/dma.v58i0.81497.,No,"The literature on the scaling up of agroecology focuses on two aspects of this process: the horizontal, which implies an increase in agroecological practices in a greater number of families in increasingly larger areas, and the vertical, with the effective participation of the state and related institutions through public policies to promote agroecology. This article seeks to contribute to the understanding of a third aspect of the scaling up of agroecology in its deepening or rooting in territories, which takes place as peasants continuously (re)assert their identity while defending their livelihoods and ways of life embedded in a local cultural matrix. It proposes that the defense of seeds contributes to the deep scaling up of agroecology, which implies political subjects with social and symbolic practices that are in a continuous re-appropriation of their territories, which in turn contributes to the strengthening of the community organizational fabric.
","The increasing loss of biodiversity for food and agriculture means that plants and animals are more vulnerable to pests and diseases, intensifying our dependence on fewer and fewer species, and making our food security even more fragile. In contrast, native and indigenous seeds, which are constantly harvested, selected, and conserved throughout each agricultural cycle, are better able to adapt to changing conditions in farming systems and are less dependent on external inputs, reducing costs and external dependency.",America,Colombia,"Caldas, Córdoba y Sucre",,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Research grant,,2016,No,2017,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,,The actions taken are robust. The complications they have to face are strong enough to be able to say how they could have been done differently. It is an active and conscious proposal at the forefront of a powerful and articulate system. ,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The research identified individual and group actions aimed at recovering, conserving, and defending seeds. These actions are developed in three dimensions: material, symbolic and political. When the custodians refer to native and creole seeds, we see that they also refer to autonomy, culture, collective work, and resistance. This broadens the understanding of seeds and demonstrates socio-cultural constructions that have a strong symbolic meaning that transcends the biological aspects of seeds. Seeds - in an immaterial sense - are part of people's social and cultural constructions, forming in turn part of a body of symbolism, meanings, and ideas. The defense of seeds, as an aspect of territorial defense, implies the care and protection of one's own, as well as of life itself. In this way, the social reappropriation of territory can deepen the scale of agroecology. 
Obstacles faced by communities include lack of land, unequal market competition, the effects of agrochemicals on health and the environment, natural phenomena such as droughts - perhaps accentuated by climate change - that have intensified in recent years, and the introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). ","This third concept of scaling up agroecology is interesting, but even more important is the relationship between the three aspects in which scaling up must take place in the search for food sovereignty. How horizontal, vertical, and depth scaling should be articulated to implement actions that will last over time and change the course of action. ",
Asmita Sengupta,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment,http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2477-7290,"Forests, trees and LiveLihoods, 2017 voL. 26, no. 1, 65–83 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14Engaging local communities in social learning for inclusive management of native fruit trees in the Central Western Ghats, India",https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14728028.2016.1257398,No,"The study explores the potential participatory research holds for engaging
communities in a socially inclusive learning process that can support
forest management. ","The participation of women and other marginalized groups is often
limited in forest management processes. This is a serious limitation, not only
due to concerns for gender and social equity, but also because
socially excluded, forest-dependent groups hold specific ecological
knowledge, skills and interests that influence prospects for sustainable
forest management. The study actually demonstrates how creating contact zones – where different cultures or groups meet and engage with each other in ways that can reduce conflicts or redress asymmetrical power relations - can facilitate multi-directional information sharing and support collective actions for forest management. In doing so, the study provides us with methods through which we can make forest management more inclusive and hence, transformative in the long run.",Asia,India,Western Ghats/Karnataka,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"GEF, UNEP, Biodiversity International, CGIAR",,2013,No,2014,The study can have lasting changes with regard to forest conservation,,Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Community,I don't know,None,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,,,,,,,,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,,,,None,,,Local community coordination,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Actively putting effort towards creating contact zone through research process can facilitate
multi-directional information sharing and supported collective actions for forest management",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,"Transition to agroecology for improved food security and better living conditions: case study from a family farm in Pinar del Río, Cuba",https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2020.1766635,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","This work examines the impact of agroecological practices on different dimensions of the well-being of small producers in a country experiencing difficulties in terms of economic support and political conflict. It specifically explores the process of agroecological conversion in a family tobacco farm, one of the remaining monocultures in the region. The study aims to identify the reasons that made this change possible and to examine its impact on the family's food security and quality of life.","Family farmers have been identified as key actors in food security, representing the majority of the rural labor force in many countries. At the same time, they are part of a sector that faces constant obstacles limiting their development and the maintenance of their livelihoods. This is a relevant problem in Cuba, where producers are forced to work with fewer resources due to import blockades. This process has been transformative, as the family has made a successful transition from a traditional monoculture system to a diversified one, using sustainable farming techniques that have improved food security, environmental conditions on the farm, and incomes.",North America,Cuba,Pinar del Río,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,I don’t know,,2013,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Family,Up to 10,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,I don´t know,No change,Large positive effect,I don´t know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Concentrated production, Financial flows",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of transformative change, but further steps can be taken to optimize the process (e.g., solving irrigation problems, increasing the number of animals raised with an agroecological approach, increasing the level of commercialization of agroecological products in local markets, etc.). Some of these innovations require inputs that are difficult to access given the country's blockages, so transformations should be accompanied by changes in economic policies and international agreements to create a level playing field.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The results of this work show that agroecological transition is key to improving the livelihoods of family producers, which in turn can contribute to the development of regional and national food security. An important detail that emerges from this experience is that, depending on the context, the results of transformative change can manifest over time. Although changes initially required an investment that reduced family income, in the long run, they allowed for increased profits and enhanced resilience.",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,"Push—pull technology: a conservation agriculture approach for integrated management of insect pests, weeds and soil health in Africa",http://dx.doi.org/10.3763/ijas.2010.0558,No,"This work aims to introduce a new cropping technology called Push-Pull in collaboration with various institutions and through the active participation and training of small-scale producers in sub-Saharan Africa. In the Push-Pull system, two companion plants planted between crops and at the periphery are responsible for attracting pests, reducing dependence on agrochemicals, and allowing diversification of tasks and subsequent improvement of producers' livelihoods.","This technology has proven to be highly effective in improving the profits of low-income producers and has a scaling potential that can affect the livelihoods of millions of people. It is a good example of transformative change because it implements a farmer-to-farmer approach, enabling capacity building, providing autonomy, and consolidating networks that expand opportunities for collaboration, new agricultural activities, and new markets. The major positive results in crop productivity have enabled many families to reach a level of food sufficiency and move away from subsistence farming. One of the initiative pillars is its transfer activities, which allowed the use of massive extension and communication tools and the creation of extremely valuable links with NGOs, foundations, national institutions, donors, and many others.",East africa,"Kenia, Uganda, Tanzania",Sub-Saharan Africa,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1997,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Population size, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,"This is an example of transformative change. However, to increase the reach of this new technology, the methodology needs to be adapted to be applicable in different areas (e.g., in the drier regions of SSA), and the necessary policies to support dissemination, capacity building, and small producers market integration must take place.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Adaptation to socio-cultural contexts, dissemination of information, intersectoral cooperation, and capacity building are fundamental aspects of the success of the transformative change.",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,"Co-innovation in family-farming livestock systems in Rocha, Uruguay: A 3-year learning process",10.1177/0030727017707407,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","This project contributes to the sustainable development of small livestock farms and the well-being of their owners by co-creating a working methodology for the design, implementation, and evaluation of interventions in the territory.","Lack of access to new technologies in family livestock farming is a recognized problem that has led to declining activity in recent years. This project takes a novel systemic approach, involving evaluations at different scales and integrating participatory work. The resulting methodological framework is highly relevant for future application in other systems supporting rural development.",South America,Uruguay,Rocha,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2012,No,2015,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,Between 10 to 100,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Concentrated production, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,"This is an example of transformative change, although more work needs to be done to apply methodological frameworks in similar systems on a larger scale.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Multilevel networks between producers, scientists, civil society organizations, and policy-makers are essential to respond to real needs, design effective action plans and ensure long-term implementation. Working at different scales, monitoring results, disseminating information, and being flexible to adapt strategies to current contexts contribute enormously to the sustainable development of rural areas.",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Experimenting with Participatory Monitoring in Northeast Brazil: The case of AS-PTA's Projeto Paraiba,10.3362/9781780441214.005 ; https://aspta.org.br/programas/programa-paraiba/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The Paraíba Program aims to increase the capacity of all associated organizations to support rural development based on agroecological principles. Sidersky's article works within the program to develop and evaluate participatory models for monitoring and analyzing the impact of sustainable agricultural practices.,"Brazil's rural areas, where most farmers are smallholders, are experiencing severe pressure on scarce natural resources and declining incomes. The work initiated by the program has been important in improving production systems and projecting their future through technological development, social innovation, institutional consolidation, and the creation of networks. The idea that producers, as the custodians of new technologies, should be involved in the whole development process was a novel approach that allowed progress in social sustainability. In an attempt to improve the results and local impact of this work, this change went a step further and introduced participatory monitoring to collect more accurate and relevant data, build capacity and influence regional and national debates on the future of more sustainable agricultural alternatives.",South America,Brazil,Municipalities of Solanea and Remigio,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1996,No,1999,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","One of the main lessons learned was the importance of flexibility in the monitoring systems design, implementation, and evaluation. Progress in multi-stakeholder initiatives requires constant learning and adaptation and is achieved through trial and error, adapting targets and indicators to each case's specific needs and contexts.",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Farmer to Farmer Program,https://www.redinnovagro.in/documentosinnov/Modelo_extension_PCACVFF.pdf ; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00006-3,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Campesino a Campesino initiative aims to develop and implement a highly sustainable extension model in Nicaragua to improve farming systems represented by small, low-income family units. To achieve this, the program prioritizes horizontal transfer, farmer participation throughout the process, and the intervention of trained extension agents.","This is a good example of TC because the initiative aimed to achieve a socio-ecological transformation of the rural environment at a time when integration, empowerment, and the use of extension tools were considered revolutionary innovations. The model has not only made it possible to improve the agricultural system through environmentally friendly practices but has also helped to achieve economic sustainability through the diversification of income sources and resilience and adaptability to extreme situations. Given that improving rural livelihoods is a particularly relevant issue in Latin America, the program's success represents a major step forward in the fight against food insecurity, poverty, and environmental degradation in the least developed countries.",Central America,Nicaragua,National,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1987,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"This is an example of transformative change; however, the initiative has encountered some difficulties due to a lack of communication with the private agricultural sector, resulting in limited access to commercial inputs and larger markets. It is important to find ways of providing economic incentives for change agents and technical support, and to systematize and record information from the program more comprehensively to promote its dissemination.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This program is based on exchanges at various levels (sectors, disciplines, communities, localities). The training of producers to become autonomous managers of their enterprises, constant technical support, collective diagnosis, field experiments, and voluntary participation are pillars of a successful agroecological conversion. Thanks to communication and constant review of theoretical and practical knowledge, strategies developed, emerging needs, and shared reflection, it is possible to optimize and accelerate new technologies and their dissemination.",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,CIFOR-ICRAF projects on cocoa sustainability for smallholder farmers in Côte d'Ivoire,https://www.worldagroforestry.org/project/cocoa-agroforestry-improved-livelihoods-smallholder-farmers-and-resilient-cocoa-landscapes ; https://www.worldagroforestry.org/project/cocoa-livelihoods-resilience-enhancing-resilience-smallholder-cocoa-farmers-cote-divoire ; https://www.worldagroforestry.org/project/cocoa-based-agroforestry-project-remediation-degraded-forest ; and https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.08.010 for context,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Located in south-west Côte d'Ivoire and other cocoa-producing countries (Ghana, Togo, Cameroon), these initiatives aim to promote sustainable cocoa farming, restore degraded landscapes, diversify producers' incomes, and increase their resilience to climate change through agroforestry.","West African countries are among the world's largest producers of cocoa beans. In Côte d'Ivoire, this production accounts for 15% of the country's GDP and the livelihoods of millions of people. However, problems associated with a lack of good agricultural practices threaten the sustainability of the crop and its resilience to climate change. This is particularly relevant as the region is vulnerable to rising temperatures and extreme rainfall, which could exacerbate existing development problems and inequalities. Agroforestry can provide nature-based solutions that reduce this risk. Therefore, initiatives to promote these practices and transfer knowledge and techniques are key to maintaining and increasing production and resilience in rural areas. These inclusive practices are also important to minimize inequalities in the sector, as producer participation in cocoa farming is socially differentiated by gender, age, and ethnicity.",West Africa,"Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Cameroon",National,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2018,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Among countries,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Population size, Changes in primary sector",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of an ongoing TC. The development of various projects and the analysis of their progress and outcomes will reflect the costs, benefits, and impacts of the proposed practices. A recognizable issue to be addressed in the future is the impact of landscape-scale governance in the region.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Adaptive agroecological practices can provide smart solutions to increase productivity and resilience to climate change. They are a good alternative for capacity building, job creation, and the development of new environmentally friendly technologies. Their accessibility can help reduce social inequalities and, in turn, increase the attractiveness of forest ecosystems and develop new value chains for products derived from their management.",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Fome Zero,https://www.un-ilibrary.org/content/books/9789210046411c009/read ; https://www.fao.org/fsnforum/es/resources/fome-zero-programa-hambre-cero-la-experiencia-brasilena,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Launched in Brazil in 2001, the Fome Zero Project was a government strategy that guided key economic and social policies for food security in the country. It took the form of programs and policies to be implemented between 2003 and 2010. Its main objectives were to promote agrarian reform, strengthen family farming and create jobs.","Historically, food and nutrition in Latin America have been portrayed as a constant struggle by rural populations for their rights. The program was one of the first and most comprehensive examples of the implementation of food rights at the national level, with impressive results in reducing poverty and eradicating hunger and malnutrition throughout the country. In six years, it helped lift 14 million Brazilians out of poverty. Thanks to this initiative, Brazil is now an international benchmark in food security policies, rural development, guaranteeing the right to land, promoting gender equality, and supporting family farming. Fome Zero stood out because it brought together numerous programs that mobilized different aspects of the government and focused on organizing public policies to guarantee food security. The program was consolidated as a transformative change and became an example to be followed by other countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia, becoming the internationally recognized Zero Hunger policy and a reference for the United Nations SDG 2.",South America,Brazil,National,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2003,No,2010,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production, Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity",,,"This is an excellent example of a successful TC, which not only enabled Brazil to become one of the few countries to achieve the Millennium Development Goals in less than ten years, but also served as an inspiration to many countries during the food crisis and promoted the discussion of international work agendas beyond 2015. In the future, Latin American countries must have more relevant participation in international debates to achieve equality of norms and standards. To adapt the Plan to different contexts, neighboring countries must come together in cooperation to share knowledge and experiences and adopt strategies to address common challenges.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Fome Zero has shown that nutrition programs must be seen as a cross-cutting policy and that the concept of food security must go far beyond the production and access to food to include issues of food quality, consumer education, and nutritional information. Access to credit and incentive programs for family farmers are essential to transform the livelihoods of the most impoverished rural communities. It has also become clear that food security is as important as producing healthy food and that to achieve a food system that represents both, means of production must become more sustainable. The most valuable lesson is that a struggling country doesn't need to achieve high levels of technological development to eradicate hunger and poverty. What makes a difference is government commitment and action through concrete and targeted regulatory measures.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,"Projects to improve the resilience of impoverished rural communities in Somalia, funded by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)",https://www.ifad.org/en/web/operations/w/country/somalia ; https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb5359en,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","IFAD's work in countries in crisis aims to support the fight against famine, drought, and climate change. The objectives of the various projects include increasing rural incomes and food security, promoting investment mechanisms, and contributing to the country's stabilization. Activities focus on improving the availability of water for irrigation and livestock, reducing gender disparities, and helping beneficiaries participate in strengthening their institutions.","In the early 1990s, Somalia's government and state institutions collapsed, exacerbating social conflicts and problems associated with natural disasters. Today, Somalia is one of the poorest countries in the world, with production insufficient to meet domestic needs, a lack of functional infrastructure, shrinking arable land, and severe drought and malnutrition problems. Access to health, education, security, and employment is also limited. For this reason, IFAD's work is key to reducing communities' vulnerability to climate change, inequality, and food insecurity. These initiatives focus on reducing the gender gap in rural areas, as women in Somalia culturally have a lower social status and less access to education and work. Despite this, women farmers are more likely to adopt climate-smart agricultural practices that have the potential to increase productivity, income, and the resilience of agricultural landscapes. These practices, which also respect traditional customs and knowledge, can help, among others, reduce overgrazing pressure that threatens endemic plant species, restore degraded soils, and use scarce water resources more efficiently. These programs have reached more than 1,700,000 people, and they continue to renew their agendas and update their objectives to take the work into the future. The funding and logistics they provide to design new agricultural programs are a unique opportunity to achieve climate change adaptation and reverse the country's economic situation.",East Africa,Somalia,National,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1980,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Population size, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"These projects are examples of transformative change; however, there is still a long way to go to successfully scale up key innovations in the search for rural sustainability (those related to water use, solar energy, biogas, seed banks, and food storage are particularly important). In addition to generating new ideas, it is important to work with, improve, and disseminate existing good practices. Flexibility, training, and access to credit will be fundamental to achieving this goal. Special attention should be paid to rural women and youth's socio-economic needs and aspirations so they can take their place in decision-making and address household vulnerability.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","IFAD's projects have shown that it is essential to adopt measures that take into account each region's socio-economic conditions. This aspect favors the involvement of women and young people in managing projects from rural areas. Women, in particular, have important and diverse roles in agriculture and are key actors in terms of adapting to climate change. IFAD's work has also made it possible to highlight that all activities aimed at building resilience in these landscapes are highly dependent on water availability and that job creation in these environments plays a fundamental role as it contributes to poverty reduction and facilitates social cohesion. Equally important is the use of local knowledge, information campaigns on malnutrition, and good relations between government and citizens.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Encouraging Green Agricultural Development in the SAGCOT Region of Tanzania,https://live-ncea-ucsb-edu-v01.pantheonsite.io/sites/default/files/2020-07/EncouragingGreenAg.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","SAGCOT Project aims to ""support sustainable agricultural intensification and development in the SAGCOT (Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania) region through generation of policy and investment decision support tools"".",Agriculture is a fundamental component of the Tanzanian economy. Smallholder farmers account for the majority of the rural labor force but have low productivity due to reduced access to technologies. Agricultural activity in this country has a potential that has not yet been fully explored. Initiatives to generate baseline information on which to design guidelines and regulations can help face the problems of poverty and high environmental degradation in the country.,East Africa,Tanzania,Central road that runs from Dar es Salaam to the northern areas of Zambia and Malawi.,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,This is an ongoing process. There is a need to continue thinking about reconciling rural development with the sustainable conservation of natural resources that are important to the economy and the people of Tanzania. This goal can be achieved by integrating public efforts with private capital.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","When combined with social and environmental objectives, private activity can minimize negative impacts on nature and people. A region's growth must be inclusive, supporting small and large farmers while protecting the environment.",,
Lucas Garibaldi; TCA technical support unit,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,"COOPERBIO (Cooperative of Production, Industrialization and Commercialization of biofuels from Brazil)",http://cooperbio.com.br/ ; 10.1007/s10668-011-9314-8; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0961953414000907,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","This initiative aims to bring together farmers and service providers who develop economic activities related to agricultural production chains under organic and biodynamic management based on agroecological principles. Its mission is to strengthen and develop family farming with ""ethical, social and environmental responsibility"".","Biofuels can provide an opportunity to minimize dependence on fossil fuels, with the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These biofuels can be produced in systems that integrate food and energy crops, such as family farms that work for local consumption. Biofuel cooperatives, which emphasize agroecological principles and local markets, represent an alternative system capable of generating more sustainable and socially fair food and biofuel.",South America,Brazil,Rio Grande do Sul,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2005,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity",,,"Although its work on key issues for socioeconomic growth has yielded good results and there is great potential for scaling up, COOPERBIO still doesn't have much influence, mainly because it is relatively new and operates with little government support. This is partly because many farmers, who have had bad experiences, do not share the policies and ideologies of the state government.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","These production systems can fulfill a dual function of promoting small-scale agroindustrial activity without losing the central focus on family farming (subsistence farming and maintaining rural livelihoods). In this way, it is possible to combine the production of biofuels, food, and environmental services, as well as generate employment opportunities, local profits, land decentralization, and a reduction in external inputs.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,"The FARMSCAPE approach to decision support: farmers’, advisers’, researchers’ monitoring, simulation, communication and performance evaluation",https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00025-2,No,"FARMSCAPE (Farmers', Advisers', Researchers', Monitoring, Simulation, Communication And Performance Evaluation) is a participatory research program that initially investigated whether farmers and their advisers could benefit from tools such as simulation models. Its current focus is on facilitating the implementation of commercial delivery systems for the same tools to meet industry demand for access.","Some of the barriers farmers face in making management decisions are related to climate uncertainty, the fragility of available natural resources, and poor access to subsidies. Through farmer group participation, field trials, soil characterization, crop, soil, and climate monitoring, and sessions on the use of simulation models, FARMSCAPE provides a valuable tool to support decision-making.",Oceanía,Australia,Australian north east,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1991,No,2002,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows",,"Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"Although much progress has been made since then, the approach has been criticized for working with a group of producers with only successful experiences.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","A key lesson from this experience and the feedback it received was the recognition of a self-centered scientific stance, more concerned with exploring a particular issue than achieving transformative change. It was also one of the first forays into simulation modeling, which proved to be an extremely valuable source of information to support agricultural activity and is now commonplace in the sector.",,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Māori women leading local sustainable food systems,https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1177180117753168,No,This paper aims to present cases of Maori women who have defined their food system working in community gardens to better understand the manifestations of food sovereignty in practice.,"In addition to enriching the diets of Maori communities, community garden activities support indigenous cultural regeneration and provide a socially relevant response to food insecurity.",Oceania,New Zealand,North Island and South Island ,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of transformative change, but this type of initiative would benefit from and gain greater recognition in the context of democracy within the food system.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Economic, social, and environmental sustainability depends on initiatives that address inequalities, demonstrate self-reliance and encourage community participation, especially among marginalized groups.",,
"Kuang-Chung Lee (Nexus Assessment, Chapter 5.4, LA); Paulina G, Karimova (Nexus Assessment, Chapter 1, fellow)",kclee2000@gmail.com,LA,Nexus,"National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan",,Taiwan Partnership for the Satoyama Initiative - a nation-wide multi-stakeholder approach to sustainable landscape-seascape management,"https://conservation.forest.gov.tw/EN/0002150; https://conservation.forest.gov.tw/EN/0002193; https://conservation.forest.gov.tw/EN/0002214; 	Lee, K.C.; Karimova, P.G.; Chiu, Y.H.; Lin, H.C. 2019. Implementing the Satoyama Initiative for the Benefits of Biodiversity and Human Well-being: Taiwan’s experience. FFTC Agricultural Policy Platform (online publication). Retrieved from: https://www.fftc.org.tw/publications; 	Karimova, P.G. and Lee, K.C. 2019. Realizing society in harmony with nature through the Taiwan Partnership for the Satoyama Initiative. Nottingham University, Taiwan Insight (online publication). Retrieved from: https://taiwaninsight.org/2019/10/09/realising-society-inharmony-with-nature-through-the-taiwan-partnership-for-the-satoyama-initiative/",No,"Taiwan Partnership for the Satoyama Initiative (TPSI) was established in 2015 as an integrated approach to setting up a national strategic framework for promoting the Satoyama Initiative in Taiwan - revitalisation and sustainable management of socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes (SEPLS) nationwide. TPSI responds to the needs for comprehensive cross-sectoral policies and strategic planning; knowledge enhancement and academic studies; capacity building of on-the-ground practitioners; experience sharing and learning from good Satoyama practices. TPSI is supported (institutional and policy support) by the Forestry Bureau, Council of Agriculture, and carried our through the network of its 8 forest district offices + 4 regional exchange bases (TPSI-North, TPSI-South, TPSI-West and TPSI-East). TPSI members (in 2023): >235 organisations: government agencies, research and academia, NGOs and NPOs, community organisations, green enterprises, farms and agro-parks, individuals.","TPSI may be viewed from both Nexus and TC perspectives. From the Nexus perspective, it showcases the ability of various sectors (conservation, agriculture, water resources, disaster risk reduction, etc.), various levels of government (local, municipal, county, national), variuous governannce types (public, private, IPLC and mixed) to work effectively together for SEPL(S) restoration and long-term sustainable management - not in a single location but nationwide as a tighly-knit network of SEPL(S) practitioners. From a TC perspective, TPSI demostrates how policy efforts can effectively align with on-the-ground work by both promoting and learning from practical experiences. As a ""whole of government approach to TC"", Taiwan Ecological Network (TEN) - Taiwan's main conservation policy (https://conservation.forest.gov.tw/EN/0002193) brings together > 20 ministries and government agencies from various sectors (within and outside of the Council of Agriculture) that work on a cross-sectoral multi-stakeholder basis towards TEN's objectives. Also, TPSI demonstrates the power of ""whole of society approach to TC"" - by engaging all interested partners (government agencies, research and academia, NGOs and NPOs, community organisations, green enterprises, farms and agro-parks, individuals), spreading awareness, linking to market and education systems - engaging Taiwanese society as a whole towards nature conservation, sustainable livelihoods and BES-friendly values.",East Asia,"Taiwan, China",Nationwide,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2015,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Services, Industry, services as community-based SEPLS tourism initiatives; indistry - at community scale",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,"Between 100 to 1,000, More than 1000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Slight positive effect,Improved leadership skills in SEPL(S) communities; improved multi-stakeholder partnership and mixed governance in SEPL(S),Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,"Improved marketing skills/ channels/ technologies in SEPL(S) communities; ""poverty reduction"" was marked as ""no change"" as this wan't not an issue in SEPL(S) communities; the ranking of economic consequences is rather miderate as it takes time for this area to improve (we're still working on it): from revitalising SEPL(S) - to setting up eco-friendly production activities - to marketing opportunities (oour current phase) - to visibly improved livelihoods and income.",Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,"""Regulation of ocean acidification"" and ""Regulation of hazards and extreme events"" certaily have positive shifts in our coastal SEPLS - as a result of eco-friendly/ organic farming practices in coastal areas and coral reef checks - but the extent of such changes needs to be evaluated over time.",,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, We're so sorry, but all of the options selected above equally apply to TPSI example.",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, ""Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty"" - maybe this part needs a bit of rephrasing? ""Resilient decision making in the context of uncertainty"" might be more suitable.",,,"Values, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Concentrated production",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"Mainstreaming of values is still a big challenge for TPSI efforts.. As successful and forward-thinking as our efforts are, they are still ""a unique minority"" when compared to the mainstream practices of production and consumption, social institutions and values of general public. This is a task for us to work on - the one that requires time for the tranformation to take place and become a norm.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","For an extensive list of lessons learned, please see: Lee, K.C.; Karimova P.G.; Chiu, Y.H.; and Lin, H.C., Taiwan Partnership for the Satoyama Initiative: Think Global, Adapt National, Act Local (Chapter 1), and Lee, K.C. and Karimova, P.G., Conclusions and Recommendations In: Implementing the Satoyama Initiative for the benefit of biodiversity and human well-being, Lin, K.C. and Lee, K.C. (eds.). 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.fftc.org.tw/publications. TPSI is activiely ongoing today and is still develiping and learning through this process. Cross-sectoral cooperation, multi-stakeholder collaboration, IPLC engagement and leadership, resilient SEPLS (+ development of a unique resilience assessment approach as a monitoring and evaluation tool for TPSI SEPLS, more on this in the link shared in Q.25 below), nationwide capacity-building, knowledge and experience exchange between on-the-ground practitioners, etc. are among the main successful factors of TPSI to date.","Please kindly take a look at our .ppt and presentation about TPSI at ""Transformative Actions for a Nature-positive Society from SATOYAMA Initiative towards 2030"" during ISAP2022 organised by Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES): https://isap.iges.or.jp/2022/en/t11.html",
Meganne NATALI,megannenatali@gmail.com,Review editor,Transformative Change,,,How giving rights over biodiversity to local communities has changed their apprehension of wildlife and led them to play a role of protector of it.,"Nelson F., (ed.), ""Community Rights, Conservation and Contested Land"", Earthscan, 2010; Goodwin H., Santilli R., ""Community-Based Tourism: a success? », International Centre for Responsible Tourism, 11, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK, 2009, <http://www.andamandiscoveries.com/press/press-harold-goodwin.pdf>.",No,Empower local communities in wildlife conservation and reducing incentives to illegally poached animals.,"To me it is an example of transformative change as it has completely modified the perception of wildlife for local communities that previously considered wild animals, notably elephants or wildcats, as adversaries with whom cohabitation maybe difficult. Thus, this hostile conception often led to the killing and to poaching of this animals.
With the devolution of rights organised in the Namibian Constitution, local communities have been encouraged for conservation as they can autonomously organise responsible tourism activities thanks to which they directly receive revenue, without any capture by intermediaries. This example thus offer a great example of a solution to curb illegal wildlife trade, power inequalities and encourage local development, integration of minorities into biodiversity conservation, all leading to a positive transformative change.",Africa,Namibia,Whole country,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,1996,Yes,The Act is still into forced.,Years,"As this devolution of rights appear in the Nature Conservation Ordinance Amendment Act, 1996, it may be difficult to really assess the time-frame where the main changes have occurred.",Sustainable tourism based activities,,Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands,Community,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,"The main environmental consequence of this initiative has been to reduce the killing of animals due to hostile cohabitation and to reduce incentives to poach and to illegally trade endangered species. Thus, this initiative has essentially helped preserving biodiversity conservation.",,,,,,,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Trade, ",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Organizing a definitive devolution of property rights over the fauna and flora
wildlife from the State to local communities appears to be a good way to encourage
their protection and to empower minorities in the overall biodiversity conservation scheme.","Broadly speaking, key messages from community-based natural resources management (CBNRM) approaches developed in African countries can be useful to design a transformative change model that encourage local participation, the empowering of local communities, and the preserving wildlife.",
Asmita,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment,000-0002-2477-7290,"To safeguard tropical Africa's iconic species, let's preserve their close relationship with local communities",https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/2527,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","UNESCO participated in a panel discussion on the sidelines of the One Forest Summit that will provide multiple opportunities to strengthen the world's tropical rainforests, which are home to an extremely rich biodiversity. The panel will highlight the practices, beliefs and values associated with rainforest species by local communities i.e. the intangible cultural heritage. By highlighting the links between people and the 'umbrella' species of tropical rainforests, this approach would safeguard the living heritage and strengthen the conservation of these species.","Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage will lead to transformative change in the realm of biodiversity conservation as it recognises the interconnection between humans and nature, and promotes values that respect biodiversity and the natural environment. Additionally, the endeavour will bring stakeholders such as researchers, local communities, civil societies and educators and generate awareness among citizens regarding the linkages between tropical forests, climate change and biodiversity conservation. ",Africa,Countries within the Congo Basin and Central Africa ,Multiple,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,UNESCO,,2023,Yes,NA,Changes will occur over the coming years,,Foresty,,Tropical rainforests,Among countries,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,The changes that I have indicated are expected from this endeavour. The endeavour is still in its planning stage.,
Asmita,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,ATREE,0000-0002-2477-7290,Developing a green economy in Togo to relieve pressure on the forest and boost incomes,https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/developing-green-economy-togo-relieve-pressure-forest-and-boost-incomes,No,"Beekeeping can protect crops from being trampled by elephant herds (as elephants keep away from beehives) and, thereby, reduce conflicts with human settlements. Since elephant herds pass through Togo’s Fazao-Malfakassa National Park on a regular basis, the endeavour developed beekeeping as one of the three livelihoods to supplement the income of the rural communities while protecting local biodiversity. ",This endeavour was informed by behavioural ecology and addressed both biodiversity conservation and human well-being.,Africa,Togo,Kara Region and Centrale Region Togo,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,India–United Nations Development Partnership Fund ,,2019,No,2022,Years,,Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Claudia Mónica Campos,claudia.monica.campos@gmail.com,LA,Transformative Change,Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Aridas (CONICET),0000-0002-4978-5449,Community monitoring of biodiversity in Colombian forests.,"Martínez, S., González-M. R., Villegas, F. y Hernández-Jaramillo, A. 2018. Bosque seco tropical: Monitoreo comunitario de la biodiversidad, cuenca Arroyo Grande. Bogotá: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo, Fondo Mundial para el Medio Ambiente, Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible.; Arce Plata, M. I., Herrera Varón, Y., Gutiérrez Montoya, C., Londoño Murcia, M. C. 2020. Monitoreo comunitario de la biodiversidad en Montes de María. Bogotá, D. C. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.",No,The goal of the project was to establish a dry forest monitoring program to know the state of biodiversity in scenarios where forests are subjected to different pressures and local communities depend directly or indirectly on forests.,"The construction of a scheme for community monitoring of biodiversity is a process that empowers the community, offers tools that contribute to the generation and analysis of information that allows them to have an adaptive management of their territory and biodiversity. This project shows that a joint construction between local communities and researchers is possible, in which local and scientific knowledge of biodiversity is integrated through participatory encounter and dialogue.",Colombia- South America,Colombia,"Tropical dry forest/Arroyo Grande basin (Bolivar), Cañas river basin (La Guajira), and the Aipe river basin (Huila).",,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2019,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Migration, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,,"It is an ongoing project. To date, it has been possible to implement the first steps of the community monitoring cycle: 1) understand the problem, 2) propose scenarios, objectives and actions, 3) identify the monitoring question and what variables to measure to answer it, 4) define the methodologies monitoring.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The importance of participatory processes for monitoring biodiversity is highlighted.
This work has allowed the scientific community to relate the global concept of Essential Variables of Biodiversity with the reality of the territories at a local scale and begin to test its usefulness for the management of biodiversity by local communities. This collaborative work can be replicated in other territories.
It is important that the community understands the importance of monitoring the selected variables to know how progress is being made towards the objectives they have for their territory and thus actively contribute to decision-making.","The results cannot yet be seen, although we can expect that contact between local people and scientists will increase, which would allow co-producing knowledge to facilitate the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.",
ASMITA SENGUPTA,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment,0000-0002-2477-7290,Combining socioeconomic and biophysical data to identify people-centric restoration opportunities,https://www.nature.com/articles/s44185-023-00012-8,No,Demonstrating a people-centric approach to help policymakers translate global restoration prioritization studies for application to a country-specific context and to identify different socio-environmental conditions restoration programs could consider when siting projects. ,"Restoration activities are often centred around maximising biodiversity and carbon sequestration without any consideration for without any consideration for people's socio-economic and cultural values. Precisely for this reason, they are not effective in practice. The study demonstrates a way to 'overcoming challenges to TC' by demonstrating that policy-makers can devise proper restoration policies more holistically through the analysis of biophysical, socio-economic and land tenure data.",Asia,India,Pan-India,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Not mentioned in the article,,2023,No,2023,NA,This is a conceptual study based on rigorous analysis of secondary data. This is not an intervention/implementation based study.,"Agriculture, Foresty, Energy",,Any ecosystem with restoration potential,Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Asmita Sengupta,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment,0000-0002-2477-7290,Improved household living standards can restore dry tropical forests,https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/btp.12978,No,Demonstrating that durable household materials and fuelwood alternatives can work concomitantly towards poverty alleviation and reduces pressure on forests.,"The study addresses the interlinkages between poverty alleviation and biodiversity conservation. Less pressure on forests, as demonstrated by the study, can also lead to higher carbon sequestration, thereby aiding in climate change mitigation.",Asia,India,"Central Indian Highlands - Madhya Pradesh, Chhattigarh, Maharashtra",,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,NASA,,2018,No,2018,Years,"This study analyses household survey data and remotely sensed measures of forest degradation to show the possible impact of providing fuelwood alternatives and durable household materials on forests. This is not an intervention/implementation study. Hence, the time-frame for changes is not explicit. My understanding is changes would occur over years.",Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",,,,Incentives and capacity building,,,Unsustainable harvesting of forest produce due to lack of options,,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,This study provides an example of 'overcoming challenges to attain a sustainable world' by addressing how poverty alleviation and biodiversity conservation can be addressed concomitantly.,
Satomi Tanaka,stanaka.ncc@xqj.biglobe.ne.jp,External reviewer,Nexus and TC,Nature Conservation Consulting,,"The Terminal Evaluation Survey on the Project for Development of Internationally Standardized Microbial Resources Center to Promote Life Science and Biotechnology, Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), Indonesia, JICA",JICA Library Website: https://libopac.jica.go.jp/images/report/P1000025682.html,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Abbreviations:
BAPPENAS: The Ministry of National Development Planning / Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan 
Nasional
C/Ps:         Counterparts
InaCC:         Indonesian Culture Collection
LIPI:         Indonesian Institute of Sciences / Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
NITE:         National Institute of Technology and Evaluation
NBRC:         NITE, Biological Resource Center
RCB:         Research Center of Biology, LIPI

Goal of the study: 
1.        Terminal Joint Evaluation Survey (questionnaires, interviews, site visits, etc.) by the Indonesian evaluation team members and Japanese team members to;

(1)         Confirm the level of achievements on the Project Purpose, the Overall Goal, the Outputs,
(2)         Confirm the DAC five (5) evaluation criteria: Relevance, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Impact and Sustainability,
(3)         Develop the recommendations and lessons learned to complete the Project by the accomplishments of the Project Purpose and Outputs by the end of the Project Period,
(4)         Compile the results of the survey for development of the draft Joint Terminal Evaluation Survey Report,
(5)         Finalize its report by discussions for the signing by both evaluation team leaders,
(6)         Report the results of the survey to the concerned organizations and persons to the Project.

Goal of the project: 
1.        Overall Goal: 
Microbial resources at InaCC are utilized for sustainable economic development of Indonesia and improvement of quality of life globally in compliance with Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
2.        Project Purpose
Internationally standardized microbial resource center (InaCC) as a core of Biological Resource Center in Indonesia to promote life science research and biotechnology is established.
3.        Outputs
Output 1: 
Functions of microbial resource center (InaCC) in LIPI are developed, to be a national reference collection and to serve as a center for researches, ex-situ conservation, training and sustainable utilization of microbial resources.

Output 2: 
Isolation and identification of new microbial resources originated from Indonesia, which is beneficial to human welfare, food production, agriculture, and environmental restoration is conducted. 

Output 3: 
Soil microorganisms that have beneficial effects on agriculture, ecosystem conservation, and 
environmental restoration are isolated and characterized. 

Output 4: 
Animal gut microbiota are isolated, identified and selected for probiotics.","Transformative change: 
Because the Project was related to the three main objectives, the CBD, for achieving the vision “Living in harmony with nature” by 2050.

Nexus: 
Because the Project was related to the interlinkage between Biodiversity and Food (e.g. There are possibilities to utilize its outcomes/outputs for productions of foods, drinks, medicines, etc.)
",Asia (Southeast Asia),Indonesia,"Project site: Chibinong, Indonesia",,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,ODA,,7-Apr-11,No,6-Apr-16,Please refer the Summary of Impact of the Project described Q-No.10.,"Summary of Impact of the Project (as of the Terminal Evaluation Survey) : 

The Project established a foundation of microbial resource center and transferred technology of isolation and handling of useful microbial resources to Indonesian side. The indicators of the Overall Goal are expected to be achieved in 3 to 5 years after the completion of the Project by the effort of Indonesian partners. The microorganisms isolated and identified by the Project are expected to have high potential to be utilized for agriculture, environment conservation, fishery and many other industries and expected to create the social profits. On the other hand, a remarkable impact of the Project is the awareness raising for values of the microbial resources by Indonesian side. The Indonesian government has recognized the necessity of microbial resource center to promote the utilization of microbial resources for sustainable economic development and improvement of quality of life in Indonesia. For this reason, InaCC building with adequate equipment was constructed by Indonesian government. The Project largely contributed the process of the establishment of the center. It is considered as one of the significant achievement of the Project.
",I don't know,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Target areas: all areas of Indonesia",Country,"Between 10 to 100, Over a million",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know," Marks in ""Large positive effect"" : I believe that if the ABS system is implemented successfully in line with the Nagoya Protocol, CBD, large positive effects would appear. ",Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,"Marks in ""Large positive effect"" : I believe that if the ABS system is implemented successfully in line with the Nagoya Protocol, CBD, large positive effects would appear.",Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,"Marks in ""Large positive effect"" : I believe that if the ABS system is implemented successfully in line with the Nagoya Protocol, CBD, large positive effects would appear.",,,,,,,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,I don´t know,,I am not sure to identify challenges led to overcome in the example.,,,"The inputs, activities and efforts of concerned persons / organizations to the Project for achieving goals and its smooth implementation, etc. 

Inputs by Indonesian side: 
＊Technically excellent and sincere C/Ps/personnel, 
＊Allocation of the necessary budgets for the construction of the InaCC and the Project activities,
＊Working spaces for Japanese Experts etc.

Inputs by Japanese side: 
＊Dispatch of technically excellent and sincere Experts and technical assistances by them,
＊Implementation of various trainings for C/Ps in Japan and other countries, 
＊Site visits to Japan, 
＊Providing of necessary equipment for the Project activities, 
＊Allocation of necessary budgets for the Project activities, etc.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","
1.	Great efforts of the Project members for construction of InaCC

Deputy of BAPPENAS, Chairman, Deputy Chairman for Life Sciences and Principal Secretary of LIPI  visited NBRC to observe the advanced BRC in Japan and they clearly recognized the importance of the microbial resource center in Indonesia. The Japanese experts and RCB-LIPI researchers took a great effort to convince them and coordinate their visit to Japan. As the results of their visit, budgets for construction of InaCC had been secured and InaCC was set up finally. Thus, the Project members’ great effort led to the realization of the construction of InaCC.

2.	Professional network between Japanese Experts/Researchers and Indonesian Researchers

I have heard that Japanese Experts/Researchers have kept long-term research activities with researchers, LIPI before the Project started. I have thought that the results of this professional network building is one of reasons led to the success of the Project.
","I am not sure whether above challenges described in Q-22 have been overcome in the example, but I wish that utilization of the outputs/outcomes of the Project and smooth implementation of the ABS system in line with the Nagoya Protocol, CBD would lead to overcome some of challenges in Indonesia and global level.",
Tom Crowther,tom.crowther@usys.ethz.ch ,Review editor,Transformative Change,ETH Zurich,0000-0001-5674-8913,Restor platform and SEED Biocomplexity Index,Website: https://restor.eco/; Earthshot prize 2021 finalist page: https://earthshotprize.org/winners-finalists/restor/; scientific paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332222002044; press article: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/01/ive-never-said-we-should-plant-a-trillion-trees-what-ecopreneur-thomas-crowther-did-next-aoe  ,,"Restor is accelerating the conservation and restoration of nature for the benefit of people,
biodiversity, and climate. Restor connects people and projects to scientific data, monitoring tools, funding, and each other to increase the impact, scale, and sustainability of these efforts.","This platform gives open access to the global community to state-of-the-art global environmental monitoring and AI technologies, with the ultimate goal to facilitate the redistribution of wealth to indigenous peoples and local communities for the sustainable custodianship of nature. ",Global,Global,Global,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2019,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,The rate of change will increase with the scale at which the platform is used.,"Agriculture, Foresty, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Global,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,Large positive effect,"The above responses are based on Restor's present impacts, although it is likely to have far greater, transformative impacts once it is integrated with the holistic and continuously-updated metric for biodiversity, the SEED Biocomplexity Index (https://seed-index.com/), and embedded in emerging global disclosure frameworks (such as TNFD and SBTN) and biodiversity credit systems, thereby enabling the flow of capital to local communities to protect and restore the natural world.",No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,See 15.b,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,See 15.b,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Population size, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,"This is very much an emerging example, but the combination of Restor (https://restor.eco/) and SEED (https://seed-index.com/) has great potential to enhance the flow of capital to local communities by improving the transparency, insights, and scientific rigour for environmental stewardship at a global scale.",
Oluwakemi  Osunderu,osunderu.oluwakemi@frin.gov.ng,External Reviewer,Transformative Change,Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria,0000-0003-0858-6897,Community Based Medicinal Plant Resource Management Programme For Cancer in Nigeria ,"                                                                                                                                                                                                                       i.	Medicinal and Economic Values of Forest Products in the Treatment of Cancer in Southwest Nigeria: Oluwakemi Osunderu* DOI: 10.19080/JTMP.2017.02.555582. https://juniperpublishers.com/jtmp/volume2-issue2-jtmp.php.",No,Sustainable usage of forest products for the treatment of diseases.,"It is a transformative change because it’s a system-wide reorganization of indigenous local knowledge on nature resources across technological, economic and social factors for treatment and management of diseases leading to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, long-term human well-being and sustainable development.",Africa,Nigeria,"Nasarawa, Bauchi, Edo, Kano, Anambra and Ogun.",Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,,,Public sector,,2018,Yes,2023,Months,Some changes were observed less than a year,"Foresty, Health, Services",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Urban/Semi-urban",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,,Large positive effect,It brought about unity and a sense of trust amongst the factions of indigenous people,I don´t know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Greater interactions between Government/ policy makers and indigenous people,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Increased confidence from end users,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Population size, Urbanization",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"I. More research on the ILK
2. Greater involvement of indigenous people.
3. Legislation on biodiversity should attract stricter fines.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines has led to unsustainable utilization of biodiversity even with good intentions.
2. Public-private approaches have enhanced the trust of indigenous people in government policies.
3. Indigenous people are open to knowledge/ learning on sustainable utilization of biodiversity because they consider it as heritage that must be handed to generations .","Please find below documents from the programme 

Meeting with Traditional Medicine Practitioners from the 6 Geopolitical regions of Nigeria.
 






",
Elaina Weber,elaina.j.w.weber@ntnu.no,External reviewer,Transformative Change,"Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway",0000-0002-3551-930X,FoodSharing Ås,"Website collecting film, FB group, and links: https://www.spireorg.no/foodsharing-arings.html    FoodSharing collaborating with Spire to create high-school content learning modules for transformational change: https://skoleportal.spireorg.no/undervisningsopplegg/foodsharing-et-baerekraftig-matsystem/    Academic article about FoodSharing: https://arken.nmbu.no/studentjournal2021/#/reader","Yes, and the vision is implict","To save food from being wasted and create community around decommodified food. This project builds networks of communities and shifts values as well as mindsets. It opens the mind to food as commons, not commodity, while physically saving food as well. ","FoodSharing was influenced by the work of Karen O'Brien and intentionally designed with the three-spheres concept in mind. It works on the very practical level of saving food and building the social and physical infrastructure to share this food instead (fridges, shelves, Facbook groups and pages, communities of knowledge and practice). At the political/institutional level, it works with the university and municipality, and it politically supports and directs the food waste law in Norway. It also runs an involved value-shifting campaign to teach about food waste and de-commodifying food systems through participation in events, food festivals, university talks, and by creating a module for highschool students to engage with these topics. The school module has been combined with physical food saving, political letter-writing about the food waste law, and engaging critically with environmental values.",Europe,Norway,Viken,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2018,Yes,NA,Days,"This is very difficult to say... the physical 'changes' (i.e. saving food) occurred over days, while institutional shifts occurred over months and mindset shifts occurred over years.","Agriculture, Health, Food systems, alternatives to capitalism, community economies",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,Large positive effect,"Empowerment for personal engagement, community engagement, and sociopolitical and institutional change.",No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,,,,,,,,Producing and consuming food sustainably,,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Local community coordination, Saving food waste",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,"We could have had guidance from similar organizations. Now, we are in the process of creating an official organization in Norway that acts as an umbrella for all Norwegian food sharing and free fridge projects, and helps new projects get started. We will have completed the paperwork for making official the organization by April 2023, and we will have our first  members and leader group at the same time.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Engagement across all sectors is key. We work with shops, the university, the municipality, NGOs and environmental organizations, youth organizations, and national politics and law formation. Keeping touch on the practical part of the project (moving of food around) and the social elements (building community networks that move food around) are essential pieces to continue with. We do not want to work only politically, only practically, or only with value systems - we want continue to shift all of these at once.",,
Oluwakemi Osunderu; TCA technical support unit,osunderu.oluwakemi@frin.gov.ng,External Reviewer,Transformative Change and Nexus,Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN),0000-0003-0858-6897,Air Quality Management Planning for Lagos State,https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099720110142219998/pdf/P1644150e07f52021086e9055ee237327ee.pdf,No,To develop Air Quality Management Planning for Lagos State,"This is an example of both nexus and transformative change as it  aims at identifying and providing an understanding of factors at various scales in human society, at both the individual and collective levels that can be leveraged to bring about transformative change to help achieve the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity and the Sustainable Development Goals.  As a nexus because it studied the links of pollution, climate change, health and sustainability.",Africa,Nigeria,Lagos/Lagos Nigeria,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,,The World Bank Group2021,,2021,No,2022,Years,,"Health, Services, Industry",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Atmosphere",State,Over a million,None,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,No change,,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Trade",,"Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, The state has a ""glass ceiling"" for how far it will support environmental protection measures, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,,The policy makers should have been more involved. There should be more conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life for robust air quality management.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Need for continuous information sharing on environmental protection between the private and public sectors and all tiers of government.,There should be more technological innovations and greater  access to clean technologies in Africa.,
Oluwakemi Osunderu; TCA technical support unit,oaoluwakemi@gmail.com,External Reviewer,Transformative Change,Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN),0000-0003-0858,Livelihood Improvement Family Enterprises Project in the Niger Delta of Nigeria (LIFE-ND).,https://life-nd.org.ng/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Livelihood Improvement Family Enterprises Project in the Niger Delta of Nigeria (LIFE-ND) is to realize a transformed rural economy in which the rural population can derive prosperity and equal benefit. The project development objective is to enhance income, food security and job creation for rural youth and women through agro-enterprise development on sustainable environment basis in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria by using the incubation model. ",Livelihood Improvement Family Enterprises Project in the Niger Delta of Nigeria (LIFE-ND) is working towards a transformed rural economy in which the rural population can derive prosperity and equal benefit in a sustainable manner.,Africa,Nigeria,"Abia, Imo, Delta, Edo,Ondo, Rivers,Bayelsa and Cross River States",Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2019,Yes,2025,Months,Time scales is a range of month to years,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,Financial inclusion has been implemented across different spatiotemporal scales in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria.,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,"The primary target groups are; 38,250 youths aged 17 to 35 years and women headed household with children below 15 years old as incubatees/apprentices that will come out of the incubation system with their own profitable agri-enterprises and decent jobs, and eventually serve as incubators themselves thereby ensuring sustainability of the project.",Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,"The LIFE-ND Project in keeping with the SDGs has ensured that Environmental and Climate Change considerations are mainstreamed into the whole project. Climate Change and environmental sustainability considerations have been ncorporated from the start to the end of all activities and beneficiaries (incubators and incubates) are expected to comply with standards set by the project. The   LIFE-ND aims to address the growing numbers of restive youth by sustainably enhancing incomes and food security, and creating jobs for young rural people and women in the Niger Delta. The project is builingd on the successes of earlier IFAD-supported projects to develop the supply of skilled youth labour, and it will strengthen the capacity of institutions at the state and community levels to work with private sector actors.
LIFE-ND has in its component, Environment and Climate Change resilience and Nutrition. Therefore, agroforestry is considered a support towards nutrition, environment and climate change mainstreaming which is a sub component under the LIFE-ND Project.
Agroforestry provides an option for strengthening climate change resilience, while contributing to food access, income, health, and environmental stability. Agroforestry has potential for supporting nutrition while strengthening the climate change resilience of smallholder farmers in Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Production needs of farmers need not end with just improved yields and profitability alone, it is also important that environmental sustainability, climate resilience and nutrition be factored into the overall production consideration for community food security and improved livelihood.
",,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,Greater  cooperation from policy makers,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",There should be coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholder across disciplines. Indigenous people are adaptive to positive changes if carried along.,The project is on going.,
Pita Verweij,p.a.verweij@uu.nl,Focal point for IPBES at Utrecht University,Not applicable,"Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development",0000-0002-3577-2524,Shaded coffee in Colombia,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101246; https://www.publicatie-online.nl/publicaties/vincent-de-leijster/ (Chapters 5 & 6); https://www.uu.nl/en/news/agroecology-from-promised-land-to-ripening-business,No,Compare the economic and ecological benefits of shaded coffee cultivation with those of coffee monoculture,"Across the watershed of Rio Risaralda, shade trees were planted in coffee field during past projects, involving hundreds of farmers. In the studies of De Leijster et al., the multiple benefits of coffee agroforestry in terms of biodiversity, ecosystem services (carbon sequestration, erosion mitigation, pest control, provisioning of wood & fruits) and income generation have been quantified for a chronosequence of agroforestry coffee farms, with 1–40 years since planting of shade trees. The outcomes show that biodiversity and ecosystem services have increased over time in shaded coffee, without compromising economic revenues for local farmers. Their resilience to the fluctuating world coffee prices has also increased, due to income from shade tree products.",South America,Colombia,Department of Risaralda,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,The scientific studies were funded by the public sector and the tree planting projects in the past by a German development bank (KfW) and a Colombian public sector organisation (CARDER),,2001,No,2021,Years,"The chronosequence for which ecological benefits and economic costs and benefits have been quantified, covers a period of 40 years.","Agriculture, Foresty",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Intensification of coffee production, promotion of monoculture",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,The transformation in this landscape could have been more actively supported by the National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia. This organisation also could have played a role in replicating the model of coffee agroforestry in other regions in Colombia.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Agroforestry improves above-ground carbon, biodiversity, timber volume, erosion mitigation.
Most ecosystem services follow asymptotic rehabilitation trajectories.
Although coffee yield decreased somewhat in comparison to monoculture, the net economic revenues remained stable due to income from co-products and reduced costs.",Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have questions regarding this case. The research was part of a 4-year PhD project in collaboration with Colombian researchers.,
Pita Verweij,p.a.verweij@uu.nl,Focal point for IPBES at Utrecht University,Not applicable,"Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development",0000-0002-3577-2524,Integrating results of participatory mapping (community use zones) in spatial planning regulation in Indonesia,https://www.thecommonsjournal.org/articles/10.18352/ijc.759/,No,Participatory mapping of indigenous community use zones and their subsequent recognition and integration in spatial planning regulation,"It is probably the first documented example of the successful integration of participatory mapping results in spatial planning regulation in the tropics. Recognition of community lands in spatial planning regulation is essential to protect the communities from displacement from their lands due to the expansion of industrial agriculture, mining and infrastructure.",Southeast Asia,Indonesia,"Papua province, Merauke district",,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2006,No,2018,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Regional within country,More than 1000,Up to 10,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,Replicating this example in other regions in Indonesia where the land rights of traditional communities have not yet been recognised.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Participatory mapping can be a powerful tool when integrating its use in the formal spatial planning process,"I am willing to provide more information on this case, if needed. ",
Pita Verweij,p.a.verweij@uu.nl,Focal point for IPBES at Utrecht University,Not applicable,"Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development",0000-0002-3577-2524,Participatory mapping of indigenous community areas in Suriname resulting in the South Suriname Conservation Corridor,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2015.11.004; https://www.uu.nl/en/research/copernicus-institute-of-sustainable-development/south-suriname-conservation-corridor,No,Participatory mapping of indigenous community areas to enable recognition of land rights,The declaration of the South Suriname Conservation Corridor is a substantial achievement for the conservation of this region and recognition of indigenous rights,South America,Suriname,South Suriname,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2012,No,2015,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,Incentives and capacity building,,,Values,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
ASMITA SENGUPTA,asmita.sengupta@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment,0000-0002-2477-7290,Pathways towards people-oriented conservation in a human-dominated  landscape: the network for conserving Central India,https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/26395916.2021.1955745,No,"Landscape-level conservation that maintains biodiversity and livelihoods for local people requires long-term collaborations across local communities, scientists, practitioners and decision-makers. The paper provides an overview of the members of the Network for Conserving Central India (NCCI) that provides a platform for such collaborations in 
a globally important tiger conservation region within a complex social-ecological system","Transformative change with regard to biodiversity conservation ideally would require a long-term network for collaborative production of knowledge, appropriate implementation thereof and monitoring through multi-stakeholder engagement. The paper describes such a network that has stakeholders contributing to different facets of effective conservation - a model that can be emulated (with region-specific modifications) across the world.",Asia,India,Central India,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2014,Yes,NA,Years,,"Foresty, Livelihoods, Wildlife conservation",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,Lack of collaborative production of knowledge,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,"Engagement of local communities to coproduce approaches that can balance conservation, local livelihoods and development is rare even within this network. This is a lacuna that needs to be addressed.",
Janita Gurung,janita.gurung@icimod.org,CLA,Transformative Change,International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD),0000-0003-1053-4412,Transforming the natural resources sector in Nepal through community forestry,https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2021.1917112,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",To determine how the transformative change process occurred in the natural resources sector through the community forestry system in Nepal,Community forestry brought a paradigm shift in natural resource management resulting in significant natural and livelihoods benefits,Asia,Nepal,national,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Combination of public, private and third sector",,1980s,Yes,Community forestry system is still on-going in Nepal,Decades,NA,Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Population size, Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,Women could have been engaged more in the process; communities still perceive their forests as spaces for 'protection' rather than 'use' so a good balance needs to be achieved,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Devolution of forest management from 'central government' to 'local communities' produced significant changes in forest cover; this process was scaled out at the national level,"Although community forestry provided excellent results, it now needs another transformative change as many community forest user groups are dysfunctional and lack vigor due to limited gains from these forests to the communities [https://www.nepalitimes.com/banner/reviving-nepals-community-forestry-success-story]",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Co-management systems of the Palamos crawns,https://www.oppalamos.cat/es/; https://museudelapesca.org/gambadepalamos/pla-gestio-gamba-vermella.html,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","A management plan for the red shrimp fishery, pioneer in the western Mediterranean, is being implemented in Palamós. It is the first initiative of co-management of a trawl fishery, promoted and designed by the local fishermen themselves, with the participation and complicity of the scientific community and administrations. ", The co-management system is a success as it has generated a higher abundance of the species and revenues of fishers since the implementation of the plan.,Europe,Spain,Catalonia,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Private sector,,2013,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,City,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The management plan for this coveted crustacean, promoted by the fishermen themselves and initiated in May 2013, has been extended for another five years by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries after verifying that it has been a success. Fewer shrimp are being caught, but of larger caliber, which increases profits and reduces environmental impacts.

Fishermen detected in 2005 an alarming decrease in catches, as well as in the size of the shrimp, so they promoted a package of measures to reverse the situation. They began to apply them in 2008 and, five years later, a ministerial order made the conditions to be met to fish shrimp with bottom gear a standard. The plan has been a success. Fishermen caught 96 tons of shrimp in 2017, 19 less than in the previous year and 46 less than in 2013. Revenues, however, have grown and last year stood at 3.6 million compared to 3.2 million in 2016. To reduce the impact on the marine substrate, nets have been more selective and only trawls with a minimum opening of 45 millimeters are allowed, although fishermen have gone even further and use 50-millimeter nets.

",n/a.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,World Forum of Fisher Peoples,https://worldfishers.org/about-us/; https://worldfishers.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/WFFP_GA6_REPORT.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The World Forum of Fisher Peoples (WFFP) is a mass-based social movement of small-scale fisher people from across the world by a number of mass-based organisations from the Global South. WFFP was established in  response to the increasing pressure being placed on small-scale fisheries, including habitat destruction, anthropogenic pollution, encroachment on small-scale fishing territories by the large scale fishing fleets, illegal fishing and overfishing. Years later climate change was added to the list of threats that WFFP addresses in its work.","WFFP has 29 member organisations from 23 countries and represents over 10 million fisher people from all over the world. WFFP supports its members to strengthen their organisational capacities, and it advocates for the rights of fisher people to access and manage fisheries resources, for human rights and for the protection of natural biodiversity. WFFP also represents the interests of its constituencies at regional and international levels.

WFFP has built strong alliances and solidarity between fisher peoples across the world (both internally and with other organisations) and succeeded in placing the human rights of fisher peoples on the agenda of UN Conferences of the Parties (Climate Change and Convention on Biological Diversity ), World Commission on Food Security (CFS) and at the level of the UN Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO). Through alliances with other organisations, WFFP was instrumental in advocating for and securing the implementation of the first Global Conference on Small-scale Fisheries, co-hosted by the FAO and co-funded by the Government of Norway.",Asia,India,India,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,1997,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,n/a,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Among countries,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on food, water and energy.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Generating cooperation between SSF around world allowed people involved in the sector to have a common voice at international policy forums, to identify key threats (e.g. Marine Protected Areas and tourism development, displacements due to shrimp farming in mangrove areas, mining activities (both land-based and sea-bed mining), oil-drilling, infrastructure projects (constructions of power plants, large scale harbours and domestic airports, etc.) and to propose  practical solutions for coastal communities.",n/a,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,FoodNected,https://foodnected.org/es/about/; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncWPbDYdXYE,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The object of the project, entitled “Foodnected” (from food and connected) is to connect people and nature around local, fair and sustainable food systems.  The key point is to shorten the distance between producers and consumers as a way of addressing the deficiencies of the prevailing market system that leaves the small producers in a disadvantaged situation. The project, that will influence the agricultural world of Menorca as well as improvements in artisanal fishing in Ibiza and Sicily, is driven by four organisations: Slow Food (with great experience in responsible consumption), LIFE (Low Impact Fishers of Europe), GFN (Global Footprint Network) and GOB with the help of the Mava Foundation.","By bridging the gap between producers and consumers and developing an ethical code of environmental and social values for the way food is produced and consumed, the project addresses the shortcomings of the prevailing market system and reverses the unfair situation faced by small-scale producers. Foodnected aims to facilitate the emergence of short-chain food systems that work for nature and people, both for consumers and for the small-scale producers who depend on them for their livelihoods.",Europe,Europe,Mediterranean,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2021,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,n/a,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Services",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Foodnected is driven by the vision of bringing producers and consumers together through a Community of Practice based on shared values. By bridging the gap between producers and consumers and developing an ethical code of environmental and social values for the way food is produced and consumed, the project addresses the shortcomings of the prevailing market system and reverses the unfair situation faced by small-scale producers.
",Vision: The vision is to unite producers and consumers through a community of practices based on a code of shared environmental and social values.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,La Via Campesina,https://viacampesina.org/es/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","La Via Campesina is an international movement that coordinates organizations of peasants, small and medium-sized producers, rural women, indigenous communities, migrant farm workers, youth and landless laborers. La Via Campesina is a coalition of 182 organizations in 81 countries, representing more than 200 million peasants, who defend family and sustainable agriculture. 
","La Via Campesina launched the concept of food sovereignty at the 1996 World Food Summit. The idea grew and now forms a global grassroots movement promoted by a wide variety of social sectors such as the urban poor, environmental groups, consumer groups, women's associations, fisherfolk, pastoralists and many others. ",Asia,Indonesia,Yakarta,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,1992,Yes,Ongoing,Years,n/a,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)","Across several scales: local, community, city, state, regional, among countries and Global",Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","La Via Campesina launched the concept of food sovereignty at the 1996 World Food Summit. The idea grew and now forms a global grassroots movement promoted by a wide variety of social sectors such as the urban poor, environmental groups, consumer groups, women's associations, fisherfolk, pastoralists and many others.  The initiative continues fighting to deal with transnational companies, capitalism, free trade, and violence to women.
",Vision:  La Via Campesina carries a vision of transforming the food system.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,SoldeCocos,https://soldecocos.org/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The mission is to enhance the environmental and ethnographic heritage of Cadiz and Formentera in order to empower local agents to use this heritage as a tool to promote sustainable and respectful tourism in these fishing villages.,"SOLDECOCOS is focusing its priority action framework on coastal communities and regions linked to the sea, whether or not they are close to it. They defend the action on these areas and their marine basins as a unit of study and work in an integral, inclusive and strategic way. SOLDECOCOS is being committed to the Development of Coastal Communities under the principles of cooperation, integrated management, participatory governance, environmental sustainability and adaptive management. Through the diagnosis for the search of formulas and tools and, acting on the rural and fishing world. The work developed by this initiative has been providing successful implementation of co-management systems and marine protected areas in the South of Spain.",Europe,Spain,Cadiz,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,2017,Yes,ongoing,Years,n/a,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","One of the lessons is that SOLDECOCOS - Society for the Development of Coastal Communities - is formed by young professionals from various scientific and management areas, who have developed their professional work looking for viable solutions to problems of Fisheries, Agriculture and Nature Conservation. The society is designed as a tool from which to materialize ideas, initiatives and projects with two main objectives.

Another lesson from the initiative has been to have a space that allows us to be closer to the projects undertaken, offering advice and counsel on various aspects of the actions undertaken, from possible funding to the day-to-day issues of implementation. For this purpose, it is necessary to maintain a permanent dialogue, as a result of a knowledge of the evolution and development of each action.

Finally, the elaboration of a ""Map of Entities to be favored"", which functions as a meeting channel for the different social agents in the different sectors that are the object of our actions, has been also a key milestone of the initiative.",Vision: to highlight the environmental and ethnographic heritage of Cadiz and Formentera in order to empower local agents to use this heritage as a tool to promote sustainable and respectful tourism in these fishing villages.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Galician (Spain) Shellfisherwomen,"Pita, P., Fernández-Márquez, D., Antelo, M., Macho, G., and Villasante, S. (2019). Social-ecological changes in data-poor S-fisheries: a hidden shellfisheries crisis in Galicia (NW Spain). Mar. Pol. 101, 208–224. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2018.09.018; Marugán-Pintos, B. M. (2004). Y Cogieron ese Tren. Profesionalización de las Mariscadoras Gallegas. A Coruña: Xunta de Galicia, Consellería de Pesca e Asuntos Marítimos; Frangoudes, K., Marugán-Pintos, B., and Pascual-Fernández, J. J. (2008). From open access to co-governance and conservation: the case of women shellfish collectors in Galicia (Spain). Mar. Pol. 32, 223–232. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2007.09.007; Villasante et al. (2021) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.712819/full","Yes, and the vision is implicit","To develop a co-management system to exploit shellfishing resources on foot, namely developed by around 5000 women Galicia, the largest number in the European Union.","It was in 1993 when the Galician government, with fishing powers since 1981, introduced a fundamental transformative change entering into the stabilization phase: a new model for shellfishing, promoting a co-management system between cofradías and fisheries administration, advised by scientists, based on TURFs over a large area and its resources. The new co-management successfully allowed an increase in the volume of catches while, at the same time, women improved their income and social conditions due to the creation of Shellfisheries Associations, moving away from an uncontrolled and marginalized activity, to a professional shellfishing, one that now have to pay taxes to ensure the benefits of the social security system.
Although these changes have been institutionalized within the new governance regime, the shellfishing activity is currently under several anthropogenic and social pressures which are putting at risk the capacity to build resilience. The increasing market pressure due to the high national and international seafood demand is driving shellfishers to harvest Japanese carpet shell (Ruditapes philippinarum), an invasive species with better resistance to deal with environmental changes which has been introduced in the 1980s in Galician bays.",Europe,Spain,Galicia,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,Public sector,,1993,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,n/a,"Fisheries, shellfisheries gathering on foot by women",,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),Community,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Marginalization of women from the management of shellfishing resources",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Shellfish gathering has historically been considered marginal, as a complementary way to increase household incomes and performed without real administrative control. It was characterized by technological backwardness compared to other related activities, reflected in an aging workforce, high feminization, scarce professional and technological training, lack of investment, all which resulted in poor marketing, poor internal cohesion of the sector, and overexploitation of most of shellfish species. During the 1960s–1980s, coinciding with a general increase in the number of shellfishers, market demand, and economic value of shellfish species, the regional administration introduced step-by-step new regulations to rationalize and manage the activity. Although these changes have been institutionalized within the new governance regime, the shellfishing activity is currently under several anthropogenic and social pressures which are putting at risk the capacity to build resilience. The increasing market pressure due to the high national and international seafood demand is driving shellfishers to harvest Japanese carpet shell (Ruditapes philippinarum), an invasive species with better resistance to deal with environmental changes which has been introduced in the 1980s in Galician bays. From an ecological perspective, the health of shellfishing grounds have been affected by a combined and cumulative impacts of overfishing, long-term degradation of key habitats, increasing poaching, IUU (Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated) fishing activities, and growing exposure and sensitivity to extreme events, leading to an increase of vulnerability to social-ecological crisis such as the COVID19 pandemic (Villasante et al., 2021).

From the socio-economic view, the shellfisheries sector has been substantially increasing the volume and value of the Japanese carpet shell, growing from 0.41 thousand tn and €3.7 million in 2001 to 3.3 thousand tn and €30.5 million in 2019 respectively. While increasing landings of the Japanese carpet shell have been positive for shellfishers to deal with the lower resistance of native clams as well as to ensure economic revenues over time, developing a strategy toward a monoculture production by concentrating most landings in a single species can be risky in a rapidly changing environment.

Social drivers such as the intergenerational gap between old shellfish women and the new shellfishers (which included men for the first time), the lack of interest of new generations to get involved in SSF, and current conflicts derived from new and less experienced shellfishers entering the fishery are currently affecting the co-management procedures. Galician shellfisheries are also facing indirect drivers such as loss of local population, increasing tourism and gentrification, impacts of economic crisis, delocalization of companies, and lack of labor opportunities for young people. Under this new scenario, local shellfish producers need to compete in a highly competitive and uncertain global seafood market, facing a higher risk of financial bankruptcy over time.","Vision: Fishing and shellfishing have an important social aspect, constituting a vital source of food, employment, recreation, trade and economic well-being for populations, both for today's and future generations, and therefore, in their regulation, measures must be adopted to guarantee the well-being of fishing communities.
",
gervasio piñeiro,pineiro@agro.uba.ar,LA,Transformative Change,"IFEVA-LART, Facultad de Agronomía, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina and Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay",0000-0003-0184-9797,No-till adoption in Argentina,"Peiretti, R., and J. Dumanski. ""The transformation of agriculture in Argentina through soil conservation."" International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2.1 (2014): 14-20;   García, F. O., Ambroggio, M., Trucco, V., & Pampa, S. F. (2000). No-tillage in the Pampas of Argentina: A success story. Better Crops Int, 14, 24-27.","Yes, and the vision is implicit",No-till adoption by farmers,Becase it implied a profund transformation in the agrcultural systems and in the farmers rationale.,South America,Argentina,Argentina whole country,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,Private sector,,1990,No,2011 aprox,Years,,Agriculture,,"Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,Up to 10,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,XX,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,XX,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,XX,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Changes in private companies building agricultural equipment and machinery",,,Concentrated production,,"The state has a ""glass ceiling"" for how far it will support environmental protection measures, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,dont know,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Farmers learnd that agriculture can be done without plowing the soil, something that was strongly installed in farmers views. And that crops grew evan beter than befor, with strong reductions in erosion and soil health imporvements",,
Xiaona Guo; TCA technical support unit,xiaonaguo2018@gmail.com; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,Fellow,Transformative Change,,,The contribution of Fintech to sustainable development in the digital age: Ant forest and land restoration in China,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105306,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Ecological restoration and sustainable development,,Asia,China,Arid and semi-arid areas in China,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2016,Yes,Don't know,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Energy",,Deserts and xeric shrublands,Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Local community coordination",,"Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,,"Financialisation of nature could be critiziced. The app 'gamifies' positive impacts of green behaviour, using the addictive rewarding game system, without mentioning the afforestation challenges to the users.
Abstraction from the real problem of deforestation to something that has no origin in the country’s historical social and power relations and is detached from the specificity of the area it claims to rescue: https://madeinchinajournal.com/2023/02/14/the-promethean-ant-forest/","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Fernanda Rojas Marchini,fernanda.rojas@pucv.cl,Fellow,Transformative Change,"Assistant Professor, Institute of Geography, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso",https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-6333,Mapu Lahual,"External Links about the reserve:  https://www.iccaconsortium.org/members/asociacion-indigena-mapu-lahual-de-butahuillimapu/   https://laderasur.com/destino/aventura-mapu-lahual-trekking-y-otras-actividades-en-territorios-costeros-ancestrales-de-la-region-de-los-lagos/  https://reservasnaturales.cl/territorio-indigena-mapu-lahual/   Scientific articles:  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11077-007-9053-8  (article published in 2008,when the initiative was beginning)   https://revistas.uv.cl/index.php/rbmo/article/view/3061 ","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Mapu Lahual Indigenous Parks Network works to promote the biodiversity and landscapes of the area through conscious, community-based, low environmental impact tourism. ","The Mapu Lahual IPN is a network with almost 20 years of experience in indigenous and communitarian management of land and biodiversity. Its long-term results demonstrate that Indigenous-led conservation (for the benefit of Indigenous people and non-Indigenous visitors) is a strategy that works in a transformative way; that is, by respecting the rights of Indigenous people that live and depend on nature.",South America,Chile,"Region de Los Lagos, Provincia de Osorno",,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000,Yes,it is not finished,Years,,"Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Services",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Socio-cultural region,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,---,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,----,,,,,,,"Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.), The organization of Indigenous Peoples to manage around 60 thousand hectares of temperate forests.",,,"Financial flows, Market interactions, States, Industrial fisheries; urban consumption of native wood illegally extracted ",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities, Regarding the “Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities,” this initiative has been able to demonstrate that Indigenous management of natural areas is possible, contradicting the state’s approach (an approach that most of the time does not respect Indigenous land rights).",,,"This initiative continues, and while it has presented a few conflicts and tensions among its members, the organization has achieved its functioning. Something that could benefit this organization is a better treatment by the state of Chile, which keeps pushing for a wrong model of development in the area. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The most important lesson is that Indigenous-led conservation (for the benefit of Indigenous people and non-Indigenous visitors) is a strategy that respects the rights of Indigenous people who live and depend on nature. Consequently, this initiative protects nature because it is fundamental to the wellbeing of the network.",,
Fernanda Rojas-Marchini,fernanda.rojas@pucv.cl,Fellow,Transformative Change,"Assistant professor, Institute of Geography, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso",https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-6333,Lof Cayún Panicheo,"https://cochamoaunclick.cl/2022/09/07/lof-cayun-panicheo/    Lof Cayun Panicheo 2020. Área de Conservación Mapuche Len Ko Winkul Mapu. Lof Cayun Panicheo. Cuenca Del Río Puelo, 2020. Observatorio Ciudadano. Available at https://observatorio.cl/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/acm-digital.pdf  ","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Lof Cayun Panicheo is a trans-Andean Mapuche lof that has maintained a deep relationship with land through its ancestral occupation. It maintains an ancestral governance system and ways of life, which have contributed to the conservation of places and nature. The Lof Cayun Panicheo has raised and developed a proposal for the creation of a Mapuche Conservation Area called ""Len Ko Winkul Mapu"" or ""mountain territory of water and cypresses"" of water and cypresses"".  This conservation area seeks to protect and value the ways of life of the valley's inhabitants, maintaining a good life or küme mongen, which is based on the inseparable relationship between the Itrofill mongen (biodiversity) and Mapuche kimün. From there, an integral vision for the management of the territory is proposed, through its own and shared governance, with Mapuche and non-Mapuche inhabitants, and with state agencies in charge of the Protected Wildlife Areas, with which there is overlap, thus raising a conservation proposal that respects the territorial and collective rights of the lof.
","The Lof Cayun Panicheo is a recent initiative with potentially massive long-term consequences for biodiversity and people. It is a concrete strategy to halt the current degradation of biodiversity in Patagonia. As a rights-based initiative, Lof Cayun Panicheo elaborated an ambitious conservation plan to strengthen its resistance to several industrial projects, including hydrodams and salmon farming, as well as the uncontrolled increase in tourism, land privatization, and land grabbing.",South America,Chile,"Region de los Lagos, Provincia de Llanquihue",,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,,"GEF, PNUMA, ILC, TICCA Consortium, Observatorio Ciudadano",,"The Cayun Family has occupied the lands of Rio Puelo since 1916, when they arrived at this river, escaping from both the Chilean and Argentinian states. In 2005, the Lof was legally inscribed, and in 2020, a plan to develop a conservation co-management program was presented to Chilean authorities (CONAF).",Yes,-----,Years,,"Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Services",,Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands,Socio-cultural region,"Between 100 to 1,000",I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,---,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,----,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,----,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Financial flows, Land grabbing and concentration led by financial investors",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity, Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots",,,Something that could benefit this initiative is the state approval of the land recuperation conducted by the Cayún Lof. ,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",The most important lesson is that Indigenous conservation territories (also called “Territories of life” by some Indigenous organizations in Chile) can lead to the transformation towards more just and inclusive models of conservation; models that reconfigure places to nurture life in opposition to destroying life. ,,
Fernanda Rojas Marchini,fernanda.rojas@pucv.cl,Fellow,Transformative Change,"Assistant professor, Institute of Geography, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso",https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-6333,"Lafkenche Act (Ley Lafkenche, N. 20.249)",Documentary on the history of this Act https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gw4WvAW-Vu4   Act https://obtienearchivo.bcn.cl/obtienearchivo?id=repositorio/10221/25431/1/BCN___FINAL___La_Ley_Lafkenche_10_anos_despues_2018.pdf ,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Law No. 20,249 was adopted in 2008 as a result of negotiations with Mapuche-Lafkenche communities that demanded recognition and protection of their territorial rights over the coastline. The Act establishes a mechanism to allocate a Coastal Maritime Space (ECMPO) for the preservation of indigenous uses and customs, which is given in administration to the corresponding communities, as long as there are no rights constituted by third parties in said area.","In this case, indigenous organizations, especially Mapuche Lafkensche Lofs, pushed the state to recognize their rights to coastal zones and in the sea. It took a few years, and several alliances were forged between indigenous peoples and Chilean technicians. The Act needs to be improved, though, but its constitution comes directly from the collective organization of Indigenous peoples. In that sense, it is an example of transformative change led by Indigenous peoples.",South America,Chile ,Chile's Coastal zone,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,None,,2008,Yes,----,Years,---,"Fisheries, Water, Services",,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), The country's entire coastline is eligible for recognition as an ECMPO provided that there is customary use by Indigenous communities.",Also State,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,-----,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,---,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,"Legal recognition and respect of Indigenous sea rights, which lowers or regulates the amount of large scale industrial fisheries, providing positive environmental outcomes",,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Trade, Financial flows, Global Production Networks sustaining large scale fisheries",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity",,,"The Act establishes a mechanism to allocate Coastal Maritime Space (ECMPO) for the preservation of indigenous uses and customs. However, 15 years from its beginning, the act needs to be improved. The limits of the ECMPO, which are established by the state, should be redefined by incorporating the greater involvement of Lafkenche and other Indigenous groups in the management of maritime spaces. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The history of how this Act was passed demonstrates that the legal systems that configure nation states can be transformed by Indigenous people not only to respect their rights (in this case, rights to the sea), but also to ensure a long-term, sustainable management of maritime ecosystems. ",----,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Kuruwiti (KCWA) managed marine area,https://kuruwitukenya.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The CBO Mission is to conserve marine ecosystems and species through providing sustainable solutions in coastal resources Management, thus impacting positively the socio-economic welfare of Kuruwitu local community","Elders who could remember how healthy and productive the sea had been decades ago told their story and KCWA put together a management plan for sustainable fisheries alongside other alternative income generating enterprises. In 2005 they took the unprecedented step of setting aside a 30 hectare Marine Protected Area (MPA). This was the first coral based Locally Managed Marine Area (LMMA) in Kenya. 12 years on, the area has made a remarkable recovery. With fishing prohibited within the MPA, fish have grown in abundance, size and diversity. The area has become a breeding ground, leading to an increase in fish outside the MPA. As such, fishermen see greater catches due to a spillover effect. At the same time, biodiversity has increased dramatically making Kuruwitu a destination for eco-tourism creating jobs for guides, boat captains and rangers.",Africa,Kenya,Kenya,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2003,Yes,Ongoing,Years,n/a,"Fisheries, Tourism",,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,Changes in primary sector,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Creating a sustainable public and private partnership with local actors and economic activities was key to develop the protected area.,"Vision: KCWA is a sustainable, multiple-use community managed marine conservation project on Kenya’s north coast that supports environmental, socio-economic and cultural needs of all stakeholders.
",
Sebastian Villasante; TCA technical support unit,sebastian.villasante@usc.es; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Ocean Clean Up,https://theoceancleanup.com/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Ocean Cleanup, a non-profit organization, is developing and scaling technologies to rid the world’s oceans of plastic. The aim is to put ourselves out of business once the oceans are clean by 2040.","The Ocean Cleanup Project's Interceptor is a system designed to collect plastic waste from rivers before it reaches the ocean. It consists of a floating barrier that directs the plastic waste towards a conveyor belt, which then lifts the waste out of the water and into a storage unit on shore. The system is powered by solar panels and is designed to operate 24/7 with minimal supervision. The Interceptor is capable of collecting up to 100,000 kg of plastic waste per day, depending on the size of the river and the amount of plastic waste in it. The waste is then sorted and recycled or disposed of properly. The project was founded by Boyan Slat in 2013, with the goal of cleaning up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a massive area of ocean that has become a dumping ground for plastic waste. While the Interceptor system is not designed to clean up the Garbage Patch directly, it aims to prevent more plastic waste from entering the ocean by intercepting it before it reaches the open sea.The Interceptor system has already been deployed in several rivers around the world, including the Klang River in Malaysia, the Cengkareng Drain in Indonesia, and the Rio Ozama in the Dominican Republic. The project aims to deploy more Interceptors in other rivers in the future to help tackle the global plastic pollution crisis.",Europe,The Netherlands,The Netherlands,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2013,Yes,Ongoing,Years,no,Fisheries,,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Global coordination",,"Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy. However, the initiative has partnered up with Coca Cola in 2021 to clean rivers in France, which could be perceived as greenwashing depending on how the project was conducted: https://www.coca-cola.com/fr/fr/media-center/the-ocean-cleanup-the-coca-cola-company-annoncent-nouveau-partenariat","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This is the largest initiative in clean up the ocean in history.  Every year, millions of tons of plastic enter the oceans, of which the majority spills out from rivers. A portion of this plastic travels to ocean garbage patches, where it gets caught in a vortex of circulating currents alongside plastic from other sources. If no action is taken, plastic will increasingly impact our ecosystems, health, and economies. The main lesson is that it is possible to develop a global action to have large impacts on our quality of life if technologies, scientists and NGOs jointly advance to tackle critical societal challenges.",Vision: Our aim is to have removed 90% of floating ocean plastic by 2040. We plan to do this by cleaning up the legacy plastic – the plastic already floating in the ocean – and by stopping the sources of plastic flowing into our oceans.,
Sebastian Villasante; TCA technical support unit,sebastian.villasante@usc.es; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CLA,Transformative Change, University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Palau's National Marine Sanctuary ,https://sdgs.un.org/partnerships/palau-national-marine-sanctuary; https://picrc.org/picrcpage/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/PICRC-COS-PNMS-Report-2019DEC-FINAL-WEB-1.pdf,No,"The PNMS is one of the largest no-take marine protected areas (MPAs) in the world, covering 475,077 km2; 38 km2 for every Palauan citizen. On January 1, 2020, the Palau National Marine Sanctuary (PNMS) went into effect, closing 80% of Palau’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) to all forms of extractive activities including all types of fishing.  The remaining 20% of Palau’s EEZ is designated as a Domestic Fishing Zone (DFZ) that will support food security and bringing more economic benefits to the people of Palau. ","In response to global recognition of imminent danger to our oceans and our planet, President Tommy E. Remengesau, Jr. signed into law the Palau National Marine Sanctuary Act (PNMS). This new law is one of the World’s most ambitious ocean conservation initiatives to date aimed at not only protecting Palau’s marine resources, but also at protecting the world’s tuna stocks. This law will, after a four year transition, 1) create a no-take Marine Sanctuary (approx. 500,000 square kilometers) covering 80% of Palau’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), in which no fishing or any extraction of natural resources will occur and 2) create a Domestic Fishing Zone covering approximately 20% of Palau’s EEZ in which traditional and domestic fishing activities will be allowed to provide fish solely for Palau’s food security and the domestic market. A total of 794 vertebrate animal species have been reported for the PNMS, including 565 teleost fishes, 60 sharks and rays, 27 marine mammals, 20 seabirds, and 7 reptiles; which are now better protected.
",Oceania,Palau,Palau,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Public sector,,2015,Yes,ongoing,Years,n/a,"Fisheries, Services, Tourism",,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy. However, since then, the Palau Government seems to be backsliding with a proposal to expand fishing in the sanctuary from 20% to 50%: https://www.voanews.com/a/palau-divided-over-government-proposal-to-ease-restrictions-on-fishing/7832434.html","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Successful implementation of the PNMS legislation will depend on active engagement of the public and stakeholders to cultivate support, build human dimensions into decision making, and avoid or address conflicts. Effective engagement enables co- development of adaptive governance, monitoring, and management processes. The PNMS legislation is ultimately for and about the people of Palau, who have a rich cultural heritage anchored in the ocean. Exemplifying Palau’s connection to its natural resources and the traditional commitment to managing those resources for the security of future generations, the PNMS affirms the enduring traditional value of ocean stewardship and associated cultural identity.

The PNMS can provide a strong example for the rest of the world, yielding long-term conservation benefits for the region and charting a course that others can follow. The PNMS is a strategic solution at a crucial moment to ever-increasing threats from global climate change and declining local and regional fisheries. As the world struggles to find pathways to sustainable development, the PNMS story offers a ray of hope—the potential for a small island or a large ocean state to shape its future. By engaging Palauans’ ancestral ties to their open ocean, the PNMS offers the opportunity to strengthen cultural identity and add depth to a Pacific voice increasingly audible around the world.
","Vision: the vision of the Palau National Marine Sanctuary is to ensure the long-term sustainability and health of Palau's marine environment, while also promoting economic growth and development in the country.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park,https://www2.gbrmpa.gov.au/about-us; https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/mar/17/great-barrier-reef-hit-by-sixth-mass-bleaching-event-leading-coral-scientist-says,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","We are Australia’s reef management agency, leading a global effort to preserve and protect one of the planet’s most significant natural wonders: the Great Barrier Reef.

","The Great Barrier Reef is recognised as one of the world’s best managed coral reef ecosystems. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest and best known coral reef ecosystem in the world. Its reefs, almost 3000 in total, represent about 10 per cent of all the coral reef areas in the world. It supports an amazing variety of biodiversity, providing a home to thousands of coral and other invertebrate species, bony fish, sharks, rays, marine mammals, marine turtles, sea snakes, as well as algae and other marine plants. According to a report by Deloitte Access Economics, tourism at the Great Barrier Reef alone is a $6.4 billion a year industry, providing 64,000 jobs.
",Oceania,Australia,Australia,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,1975,Yes,no,Decades,no,"Fisheries, Services, tourism",,"Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",State,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Trade, Market interactions",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The future of our coral reefs is at risk. In late 2020, the International Union for Conservation of Nature upgraded the health rating of this important and valuable ecosystem from 'significant concern' to 'critical', the worst conservation rating. The management of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park considers climate change the main threat to the reef, since an increase in sea temperature of just one degree produces stress reactions in corals and triggers the expulsion of microalgae that They live inside polyps. Back-to-back coral bleaching events caused by a warming climate are jeopardising their survival.In early 2022, the Great Barrier Reef experienced massive coral bleaching caused by warming waters, the sixth since 1998. More than 70 aboriginal communities and inhabitants of the Torres Strait have their ancestral territories on the reef.

",Vision:  to ensure the Great Barrier Reef continues to improve on its Outstanding Universal Value every decade between now and 2050 to be a natural wonder for each successive generation.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Galapagos Marine Reserve ,https://www.darwinfoundation.org/en/research;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X12001388;https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0228094;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6R50Lms2ko;https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/17/chinese-fishing-armada-plundered-waters-around-galapagos-data-shows; http://areasprotegidas.ambiente.gob.ec/en/areas-protegidas/galapagos-marine-reserve,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Galapagos Marine Reserve is one of the largest and most biologically diverse marine protected areas (MPAs) in the world. The MPA covers 133,000 square kilometers (51,352 square miles), surrounding the Galapagos Islands in the eastern Pacific Ocean, about 1,000 kilometers (600 miles) off Ecuador’s coast.The marine reserve is home to a wide range of species: whales, dolphins, albatrosses, sharks, sea lions, penguins, fur seals, rays, cormorants, marine iguanas, sea turtles, and tropical fishes. More than 2,900 marine species have been monitored, according to the Galapagos National Park Administration.","Since its creation, the GMR has contributed to the conservation of the marine species and ecosystems of the Eastern Tropical Pacific, being key to the economy and food security of the human population living in Galapagos. Commercial fishing is allowed in some areas of the reserve. The lobster and sea cucumber fisheries are important sources of income to the local population, and fishermen from Ecuador regularly travel to the area in search of dorado, shark, and tuna.More than 100,000 people visit the Galapagos every year. Tourists are attracted to the clear water and the opportunity to interact with the archipelago’s unique wildlife. Some areas of the reserve allow sport fishing and other activities, such as snorkeling, scuba diving, boating, and whale watching. Divers are drawn by the large populations of rays, hammerhead sharks, and whale sharks.In November 2021 the Government of Ecuador announced the expansion of the reserve by 50%, adding 23,000 sq mi (60,000 km2) to protect submarine mountains northeast of the islands as the Hermandad Marine Reserve. It will connect with the protected area around Cocos Island.Migratory corridors are particularly important around a remote island group like the Galápagos, where international fishing fleets from China and other countries prowl the waters just outside of protected areas. However, protecting an ecosystem as diverse and remote as the Galápagos goes well beyond restricting industrial fishing. Many other human-caused threats such as climate change and plastic pollution challenge the success of the Galápagos Marine Reserve, and the impacts of climate change grow every day. The greatest challenge to the future success of the Galápagos Marine Reserve may be climate change. The productivity and abundance of endemic species (found nowhere else) in the Galápagos depends on the upwelling of the Equatorial Undercurrent off the west coast of the archipelago. This area is particularly vulnerable to changing temperatures due to El Niño events and climate change.",South America,Ecuador,Galapagos,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Funded by public, private and third sectors",,1998,Yes,ongoing,Decades,n/a,"Fisheries, Services, tourism",,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Concentrated production",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Almost a quarter of a century after the creation of the GMR, there is scientific evidence that demonstrates that various Galapagos marine-coastal species, both commercial and protected, have benefited from the protection offered by the reserve against illegal and incidental fishing by national and foreign fishing fleets. In this regard, it has been scientifically proven that the catches of commercial tuna species per net set almost doubled in the areas surrounding the GMR, thanks to a spillover effect. This phenomenon occurs when species migrate from an area where they have been protected, with the aim of allowing them to grow and/or reproduce, to an area where they are allowed to be caught, once they have reached a greater number or size. However, this effect is diluted as they move away from the GMR. Despite these achievements, the current size of the GMR has not been sufficient for the conservation of highly migratory marine species, and those that feed beyond protected waters. Prior to the creation of the GMR, knowledge on the conservation status of key migratory marine species was very limited. However, we now know that out of a list of more than 20 threatened species belonging to this group, more than half have worsened in conservation status since 1998, according to the IUCN Red List.
IUCN Red List. Only one species, the olive ridley turtle, has improved its conservation status.
In addition, the Galápagos Marine Reserve faces a number of environmental threats. The most pressing threats to the GMR come from over-fishing and illegal fishing. Some animals are always illegal to hunt in the Galápagos. The legal local sea cucumber and lobster fisheries are heavily depleted and may be close to collapse. This poses dire consequences for the oversubscribed fishing sector in Galápagos, likely causing local fishermen to turn increasingly to illegal practices, such as shark finning, overfishing of tuna, and illegal export of sea cucumbers.
",,
Sebastian Villasante; TCA technical support unit,sebastian.villasante@usc.es; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,"The ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River, China","https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202302/03/WS63dc6086a31057c47ebacb07.html#:~:text=To%20restore%20the%20biodiversity%20along,1%2C%202021;https://www.cell.com/the-innovation/fulltext/S2666-6758(22)00031-5?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2666675822000315%3Fshowall%3Dtrue; https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/12/2088","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Yangtze River, reputed as the mother river of the Chinese nation, is one of the most famous rivers in the world for having the most abundant aquatic creatures. From Qinghai in northwest China to the coastal city of Shanghai, it flows through 11 provinces and municipalities, and enters into the East China Sea at Chongming Island. There are more than 4,300 kinds of aquatic life living in the river, with over 430 kinds of fish species, 170 of which are rare. As a cradle of freshwater fisheries, the Yangtze River serves as the original breeding ground of numerous economic fish and the world’s most important freshwater biological gene bank. The implementation of the 10-year fishing ban compensation policy in the Yangtze River basin -the largest river in China- is the first practice of the river ecological compensation project in the country, which has a milestone value to protect China’s ecological sustainability and boost green development.","The overall catch decline during the periods of habitat degradation and overfishing was found to be about 350,000 tons in a comparison of differences between 2002. A rough estimation suggests that habitat degradation likely contributed to about 70% (based on the catch difference between 1954 and 1978) of the total decline and overfishing the remaining 30% (the catch difference between 1978 and 2002). The contribution of overfishing could be even less than 30% if taking into account the effects of chemical pollutants, which were exacerbated after the re-form and open-up policy. Therefore, it is foreseeable that the implementation of Ten Year Fishing Ban (TYFB) will at most lead to a recovery rate of 30% of aquatic animal resources; for example, a fish catch of around 160,000 tons can probably be expected after the termination of TYFB in 2031.A 10-year fishing ban in the key waters of China's Yangtze River basin has achieved solid progress in ecological conservation, with aquatic bioresources gradually recovering. In addition, the current key results of the TYFB compensation policy are threefold. (1) Policy implementation has significantly raised retired households’ livelihood capital index; (2) The households livelihood capital coupling coordination degree has significantly improved, and the capital structure has transitioned from imbalanced to coordinated; and (3) Households’ livelihood capital exhibits a high mobility, and the gap between rich and poor has been narrowed. ",China,China,China,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2021,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",State,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy. However, more recent scientific articles have pointed to some of the plan's drawbacks and difficulties: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01444-3; https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adi6580","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The 10-year ban in the Yangtze River basin is a long-term systematic project, and the implementation of relevant policies is not that easy. The fishing ban cannot be achieved by the fishery authority alone, and joint efforts from other relevant departments are crucial. Based on preliminary results (Wang et al. 2022 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X22009074#s0070) there was a trend of increase in maturity but decrease in complexity. This indicated that a flood phase connection scheme will not fit with the “ten-year fishing ban” policy, and may even lead to food web simplification in sluice-controlled lakes. Because there is the market demand for wild fish and shrimp from the Yangtze River, it is still difficult for people to resist the temptation of earning more money. The government has begun to strike a severe blow on illegal operations as well as the processing and sales of illegal catch, thus cutting the chain of illegal fishing in the Yangtze River. The resettlement of nearly 300,000 fishermen, most of whom are up in years, less educated, and have no other skills apart from fishing, presents another severe challenge. With the compensation funds, some fishermen have bought houses, moved their families to urban areas, or opened up small businesses; others have built up fish ponds to develop ecological farming to meet the rising demand for freshwater fish after the strict and long-lasting ban was put in place.

",Vision: The ban on fishing is a key action to reverse the deterioration of the ecological environment and is of great significance for the protection of the river and the green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The indigenous community of Rama of the Rama Cay Coast in the Caribbean region of Nicaragua,https://nicaraguainvestiga.com/reportajes/98183-los-rama-un-pueblo-indigena-de-nicaragua-profundamente-ligado-al-bosque/;https://aquadocs.org/handle/1834/36039; https://www.icsf.net/resources/el-caso-de-la-comunidad-indigena-rama-de-rama-cay-en-la-costa-caribe-nicaraguense/;https://revistas.uraccan.edu.ni/index.php/Interculturalidad/article/view/786,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The study aims to show the importance of the Rama Indigenous People in the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua in managing the commons sustainably over time.,"Traditional knowledge is the basis for fishing, harvesting marine products and other economic and subsistence activities of the Rama indigenous people.Fishing is the most important self-consumption and commercial activity for the Rama and a great source of protein, both freshwater and saltwater fish are used for this purpose. Fishing in its various forms in Rama Cay is practiced by both women and men, young and elder people. Nets, harpoons and lines with hooks are used; the use of nets and harpoons is more common among men. All men, women, and youth have their own fishing line and hooks.
",Central America,Nicaragua,Nicaragua,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Both public and private sectors,,Around 1700s; but in 2009 the Government of Nicaragua recognized the legal status of their territories,Yes,ongoing,Centuries,Around 1700s; and in 2009 the Government of Nicaragua recognized the legal status of their territories,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures,,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","In practice, Nicaraguan constitutional and legal norms are not always applied, and instead the indigenous peoples of the Caribbean Coast suffer systematic discrimination in the enjoyment of their rights. In the case of community and artisanal fishing, they are left aside in the face of the state's prioritization of industrial fishing. Geographic isolation, cultural differences, mainly linguistic and religious, as well as the lack of knowledge of their rights as citizens, the political system and public administration, make these peoples and communities an impoverished, disempowered and particularly vulnerable social sector.

In addition to being an activity of self-consumption for the Rama people, fishing is also an important commercial activity, mainly for the women who sell a large part of their catch within the communities and in the city of Bluefields. It is important to point out that a major disadvantage faced by the Rama in developing their commercialization activities for fishing, agriculture and forestry is the lack of constant and public transportation in the Territory, which has made them dependent on intermediary traders who buy their products at very low prices. In the case of fishing, in particular, they also lack refrigerated storage units or a stockpile to prevent the fish from deteriorating and to make direct marketing viable.
",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,0000-0001-6296-4479,,Traditional resource management of the Kuna indigenous peoples ,https://www.raco.cat/index.php/Periferia/article/download/144998/196818;http://base.d-p-h.info/es/fiches/dph/fiche-dph-8356.html,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The traditional resource management of the Kuna people of Panama is based on the interconnections of their worldviews.,"
The Kuna Yala Community is one of the five indigenous comarcas existing in the Republic of Panama. Located in the northeast of the country, its administration is subject to its own spatial regime established in Law 20 of January 31, 1957. The Panamanian government recognizes the right of the Kuna people over their lands and their traditional culture. 
The sea is the reality that surrounds them after they are supplied with the fruits of ""Mother Earth"". In it they fish, dive for lobsters, admire the river floods, watch the dolphins jump, and perceive mermaids and devils. At the table, fish accompanies farm products. It provides 80% of the animal proteins in the Kuna diet. In terms of fishing, most of the traditional fishing practices in the Kuna Yala region are based on the Kuna cosmovision of the mainland, and on the fishing practices that the Kuna people used to carry out in the rivers. Traditional Kuna fishing has a low environmental impact. They generally use small boats (canoes) made of wood in coastal areas no more than twelve to fifteen miles away, within what is known as the territorial sea. The catch is generally oriented to supply local consumption, extracting moderate quantities of fish, shellfish, mollusks and crustaceans. The Kuna obtain most of the animal protein they consume from these systems.

",Central America,Panama,Panama,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,Around 100 years ago they settled in the coast; the special legal status has been recognized in 1957,Yes,ongoing,Century,,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, Tourism",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Financial insecurity",,,"This is an example of a transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","It seems that domestic waste, river flooding and global warming seem to be the causes of the progressive decline of coral cover in the region.The taboos, songs and attitudes of management and use of nature are rapidly being replaced by the mercantilist logic that turns everything into a ""product"" and, therefore, marketable. The push comes from outside the indigenous society, but the Kuna participate, by action and omission, in the squandering of resources for money. Despite this, the Kuna people have responded by defending their natural, linguistic and cultural resources through their own institutional and self-governance initiatives. 
",,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Tsleil-Waututh Nation and the Pacific Salmon ,https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-00154-4; https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/71/2/186/6028542?login=false,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The aim is to show the importance of the indigenous peoples in managing salmon in British Columbia (Canada).,"Indigenous management systems promoted the sustained productivity of precolonial salmon fisheries, which likely rivaled early colonial commercial fisheries in their scale. A recent study highlights the success of the Tsleil-Waututh approach to fishing as the abundance of salmon in Burrard Inlet remained stable over at least 1,000 years (Morin et al. 2021; https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-00154-4). These systems were rooted in traditional laws, cultural and spiritual beliefs, and management practices that promoted sustained abundance and access to wild salmon by limiting the risks of overharvest and population collapse. Indigenous salmon management practices offer lessons and options for fostering resilient salmon fisheries as socioecological systems. Salmon possess biological traits that confer a remarkable ability to cope and recover from change. However, salmon are a part of a rapidly evolving socioecological system that has, at times, shown low resilience as evidenced by collapsed populations and fisheries. Stories of Indigenous mismanagement or periods of scarcity, and contemporary examples of dysfunctional cogovernance do suggest the importance of not overeulogizing Indigenous management. However, from an empirical perspective, Indigenous salmon fisheries persisted for thousands of years, which speaks to their overall long-term resilience.",North America,Canada,Canada,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,"When the first salmon canneries appeared on the BC coast in the 1870s, Indigenous peoples had already built flourishing economies based on salmon. ",Yes,n/a,Centuries,,Fisheries,,Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Structural transition",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of a current transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","In Canada (and the United States), Indigenous management of Pacific salmon was painfully and intentionally disrupted beginning in the mid-nineteenth century and replaced by colonial government authority. This transformation fundamentally altered the scales, methods, and locations of salmon harvesting, stripping rights and jurisdiction from Indigenous people and beginning a struggle for access and governance authority that continues to this day. However, many modern salmon fisheries are struggling to provide sustainable social, economic, and ecological benefits; for example, in Canada, the number of commercial licenses has decreased, catches have crashed, and many salmon populations face conservation risks. Despite the destructive impacts of colonization, Indigenous culture and knowledge are resurgent in Canada and the United States. Salmon remain integral to the food security, cultural practices, health, and economy of Indigenous peoples. Although different legal and societal circumstances have contributed to this resurgence across North America, Indigenous communities are increasingly responsible for the management of fisheries, and stewardship of lands and natural resources within their homelands. Amid this ongoing transformation there is increasing recognition that Indigenous knowledge and management systems can contribute to restoring the productivity and resilience of aquatic ecosystems and fisheries.",Vision: Tsleil-Waututh’s community vision is to be able to eat marine food from their territory and practice ceremonies in clear water. Long term stewardship goals include restoration of Burrard Inlet in an effort to achieve this community vision.,
Timothée Fouqueray,timothee.fouqueray@uqo.ca,Fellow,Transformative Change,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,0000-0003-4773-4733,COVID bike lanes,https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2024399118; https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01441647.2021.1914900,No,"Examine the available evidence about the impact of the pandemic on cycling in various cities and countries of Europe, the Americas, and Australia","Biking makes people and environment healthier (eg., less noise or chemical pollution). Providing safe biking infrastructure is crucial policy to increase cycling, but was not fully implemented in pre-COVID times. With COVID, cities hastened the development of bike lanes, inducing a total shift in urban transportation. This is transformative because of the systemic change in how people move around town, with positive impacts on biodiversity and people. It is also relevant as a nexus, because it was indirectly induced by a biologic agent (COVID).",Europe; America; Oceania,"USA, Australia, France, Spain, Germany, United Kingdom, Norway, Belgium, Mexico, The Netherlands, Portugal, Colombia",Multiple,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2019,Yes,NA,Months,"Interesting time scale as developing urban bike lanes happened in months, where it was expected to take years before COVID.","Health, Energy, Services, Transportation",,Urban/Semi-urban,City,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",,,,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Current patterns in human movement and migration, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","1) Faced with unusual conditions, people learn quickly how to adapt. 
2) Faced with ununsual conditions and bottom-up demand, local policies are rapidly adopted.","Once reached a ""critical mass"" of bikers, cities have maintained and expanded the network of bike lanes developed during COVID. It is an interesting example of a social/collective tipping point.",
Timothée Fouqueray,timothee.fouqueray@uqo.ca,Fellow,Transformative Change,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,0000-0003-4773-4733,Meteo AND climate journal on French television ,https://www.rfi.fr/en/france/20230314-french-tv-transforms-weather-forecasts-to-include-climate-change-context; https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/le-journal-meteo-de-france-televisions-se-transforme-pour-donner-plus-de-place-au-changement-climatique-8704838,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","State TV channels France 2 and France 3 changed their daily weather forecasts into ""weather and climate bulletins"" to raise awareness about climate change.","The weather bulletin has always been the most popular program on French TV. Transforming ""weather bulletins"" into ""weather AND climate bulletins"" therefore has a tremendous impact on raising awareness on climate change. It contributes to make climate change more concrete in the daily-life of millions of citizens. It also reflects on the progress made in public media regarding the urge to tackle climate change.",Europe,France,France,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2023,Yes,NA,Decades,"Decades, because the weather forecast was born along with TV in France, but it all shifted in the last few years with awareness raising through IPCC reports.",Services,,"NA, it concerns peoples' representation of climate change",State,Over a million,None,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,Large positive effect,Increase people's comprehension of climate change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don´t know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,Climate bulletins could have started earlier.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Still too recent to learn lessons IMO,"This example seems focused on climate change, but importantly, each weather and climate bulletin includes a Q&A part. There now is a ""We answer your question"" period where climate experts develops on television viewers' questions. While many questions relate to water or warmth issues, a lot of them also consider biodiversity and ES issues, for instance on agricultural production or on coastland biodiversity.",
Nazifa Rafa; TCA technical support unit,nazifa.rafa@post.auw.edu.bd; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,Fellow,Nexus,University of Cambridge,0000-0003-0595-8253,Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring,"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_Spring; https://www.acs.org/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/rachel-carson-silent-spring.html#:~:text=Silent%20Spring%3A%20A%20Change%20in%20Perspective,-In%20Silent%20Spring&text=Silent%20Spring%20seeded%20important%20new,environment%2C%20but%20through%20food%20chains.",No,Bringing environmental concerns associated with using pesticides to the attention of the American public,"It was monumental in leading the restriction on DDT, gave birth to modern ecofeminism movement, etc",America,USA,N/A,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,I don’t know,,1960-1970,Yes,N/A,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Industry",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), I don´t know",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Population size, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Concentrated production",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Nazifa Rafa,nazifa.rafa@post.auw.edu.bd,Fellow,Nexus,University of Cambridge ,0000-0003-0595-8253,Creation of the IPCC,https://www.ipcc.ch/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Provide comprehensive assessments of the state of scientific, technical and socio-economic knowledge on climate change, its causes, potential impacts and response strategies","Assessment reports: Led to the establishment of the UNFCCC, supported with material for Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, etc",Global,Global,HQ in Geneva,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Opponent/resistant,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,Voluntary contributions from member states and other agencies,,1980-1990,Yes,N/A,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",,,,"Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Population size, Urbanization",,"Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Karen O'Brien,karen.obrien@sosgeo.uio.no,Co-chair,Transformative Change,University of Oslo,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2448-0665,Regenerating the Commons: Nashulai Maasai Conservancy,https://www.nashulai.com/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Nashulai Maasai Conservancy is an indigenous-owned and run conservancy located in the Maasai Mara, one of the world’s most biodiverse ecosystems. It was created and is governed and managed by Maasai people. The Conservancy covers a 1,214-hectare triangle that serves as a critical migratory corridor for wildlife from the Mara and the Serengeti and it is home to 3,000 people. The Conservancy represents a mixed-use commons where people and wildlife can thrive together. Since it was created in 2016, the area has experienced a remarkable return of wildlife, including threatened and endangered species, and livelihood opportunities have been created for Maasai families.  The Conservancy has initiated numerous successful community development projects, and the model has inspired other initiatives.","This is a new model of conservation that is community-based and recognizes the wisdom and power of Indigenous and local knowledge to protect wildlife and ecosystems. It began as a collaboration across eight villages that came together to agree on conservation practices and regulations on their land, including the removal of 25 km of fencing. They have also initiated programs to promote traditional land-use practices, establish agricultural cooperatives, enhance water security through river restoration, educate girls, and end gender-based violence and discrimination. They have also established a Ranger Patrol Program to monitor wildlife, providing livelihoods for locals, including former poachers. Their initiative and mission to conserve wildlife, preserve culture, and reverse poverty has been supported through crowd funding and grants. This model represents a paradigm shift that supports community resilience, self-determination, and regenerative sustainability. In contrast to traditional approaches to conservation run by outside organizations, the Nashulai Maasai Conservancy is an Indigenous paradigm that ensures that communities directly reap the benefits of conservation. It is based on values such as co-existence, dignity, inclusivity, self-determination, empowerment, and human rights.  It is a model that can be replicated and scaled in different contexts, and it is rapidly becoming a transformational movement. Communities from across southern Kenya and northern Tanzania are joining Nashulai to create what will become the longest connected wildlife corridor in East Africa. The Nashulai Cultural Training Institute already works with communities around the world who want to learn from this model. The Institute aims to be a leading knowledge and capacity development hub in Kenya for indigenous led approaches to ecosystem and social well-being.
",Africa,Kenya,Maasai Mara,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,"Initially self funded, then crowd funding (Avaaz) then private funders, then some philanthropic donors",,2010-2023,Yes,Not finished,Years,"Wildlife reappeared quickly once the fences were removed and land and soils were cared for. Significant grassland regeneration within 12-18 months, and return of herbivores.",Pastoralism,,Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,"Self-determination, trust, social capital, and collective efficacy",Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Create viable alternatives and opportunities for a regenerative economy in response to nexus of issues.,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,Community action and innovation,,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination, Land use",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Fortress approaches to conservation, poverty reduction",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This is an example of a transformative approach to community-based conservation. It challenges traditional models of conservation funding in several ways. First, the community itself initiated it and found the resources for the conservancy through crowd funding, in contrast to relying on NGOs and government donations. Second, it emphasizes the community’s relationship to land based on the and what happens to life on the land, rather than merely the size of the conservancy. Third, it extends conservation beyond conservancies. Although conservancies receive much attention, they represent only a small percent of the land. Nashulai mobilized communities in the region and worked with them based on principles of trust. It can be considered a small initiative with a big impact. Their approach enables people to stay on their land, recognizing that human and social capital is on the land, and that coexistence is necessary and possible. Finally, Nashulai pursues alternative models in all aspects of its work, from training guards to educating young. Based on values, trust, and the principle of co-existence, it represents a next-generation model that is creating and enabling an ecosystem for sustainability.

",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework,https://www.cbd.int/article/cop15-final-text-kunming-montreal-gbf-221222,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted in December 2022 after COP15, seeks to respond to mounting scientific evidence that the world's biodiversity is deteriorating at an unprecedented rate. Among other things, it aims to improve the ecological integrity of natural ecosystems, conserve at least 30% of land and marine areas by 2030, reduce the risk of the spread of pathogens by recognizing the importance of the One Health approach, and increase funding to achieve the Framework's ambitions.","The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework was developed based on lessons from the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, including the Aichi Targets and other relevant multilateral environmental agreements. The work is results-oriented and focuses on adapting, designing, and monitoring strategies and policies at different levels. Governments from 196 countries will promote urgent action focused on transforming our society's relationship with biological diversity, engaging the highest representatives, and seeking to make the shared vision of living in harmony with nature a reality by 2050.",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Will start in the future,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Services",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges",,,"This is an example of transformative change underway; however, to ensure its success and to avoid the lack of results of previous initiatives, it will be essential to build capacity, provide adequate financial resources and transfer technologies, and emphasize the evaluation, reformulation, and follow-up of actions. These aspects will be especially relevant in developing countries.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This agreement should be seen as a starting point for all participating governments. Cooperation across conventions, a focus on human rights, and the collective efforts of the public at all levels will be critical to advancing the successful implementation of the Framework.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Marine Stewardship Council initiatives channeled through the Ocean Stewardship Fund,https://www.msc.org/media-centre/news-opinion/news/2023/04/12/100-million-dollar-goal-to-scale-up-sustainable-fishing ; https://www.msc.org/what-we-are-doing/our-collective-impact/ocean-stewardship-fund,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Fund research and help fisheries cope with the pressures facing the oceans, including climate change, overfishing, habitat destruction, and poor fisheries management.","The MSC will contribute more than $100 million to a range of initiatives to support the transition to sustainable fisheries, particularly for small-scale and artisanal fishers in developing regions. Some of the projects funded will assess the risks of climate change to wild capture fisheries and develop management tools to prevent overfishing.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"While these initiatives are essential to the implementation of measures, consumer engagement is equally important to their success. Buying fish from sustainable fisheries drives the market and motivates retailers to improve and become certified.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","37% of the world's population live in coastal communities where entire families often work in the fishing industry, and women make up the majority of workers in ancillary seafood industries such as processing and marketing. The MSC believes that, through joint action by fishermen, scientists, and industry, the ocean can be conserved and its resources harvested at the same time. As the world's population grows, sustainable fisheries are vital to ensuring food security and livelihoods for millions of people around the world.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,The United Nations Ocean Decade,https://oceandecade.org/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","In 2017, the United Nations General Assembly declared the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). Under the vision of ""the science we need for the ocean we want,"" a revolution in ocean science is envisioned, bringing together scientists, resource providers, governments, businesses and industry, philanthropic foundations, etc., to generate scientific knowledge and develop partnerships that support a functional, productive and resilient ocean. The Ocean Decade is the framework in which diverse stakeholders co-design and deliver the solution-oriented research needed for a sustainable ocean in support of the 2030 Agenda.","The Ocean Decade initiative focuses on developing transformative ocean science solutions for sustainable development that connect people to our oceans. Its goals include reducing ocean pollution and increasing the resilience of marine ecosystems, the production of a sustainable ocean economy, access to information and technology, and communication for societal appreciation and connection. In its quest to change our relationship with the ocean, the work of the Ocean Decade will ensure that its contributions to human well-being, culture, and sustainable development are understood.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Services",,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Concentrated production, Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of transformative change underway. The Ocean Decade Implementation Plan identifies several key challenges to be addressed through various programs, strategies, contributions, and calls for proposals. Solutions must address, among other things, gaps in knowledge, lack of necessary infrastructure, and changes in people's behavior and perceptions of the ocean. These actions will not be achieved without an emphasis on capacity building and the removal of barriers to geographic, generational, and gender diversity.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","The Alliance for the Implementation of the Ocean Decade Strategies has been established to stimulate the program and is a key step in mobilizing and scaling up commitments of financial resources to achieve the proposed goals. Partner networks can serve as examples to catalyze action, share solutions and influence different sectors. Equally important are the development of tools for digital representation of the ocean (ocean maps that allow exploration of past, present, and future ocean conditions) and actions to improve the global ocean observing system so that all interested parties have access to timely and actionable data and information.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar ,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,The Blue Carbon Explorer,https://www.planet.com/pulse/the-nature-conservancy-and-planet-collaborate-to-map-blue-carbon/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Blue Carbon Explorer is a Google Earth Engine application developed by The Nature Conservancy that provides detailed maps of mangroves and seagrasses to help governments assess the extent and health of these natural resources. Specifically, the goal is to map blue carbon around the world using satellite data. This tool integrates data from satellite and drone imagery, including PlanetScope and SkySat imagery from Planet, to visualize and identify key areas for restoration and protection, helping to prioritize conservation and management efforts.","The marshes, mangroves, and seagrasses that make up blue carbon stocks are some of the most important ecosystems in the world, providing multiple benefits such as food security, livelihoods, protection against natural climate change, and habitat for endangered species. Coastal ecosystems can store up to 5 times more carbon than forests, so initiatives to strengthen the protection and management of these reservoirs are critical. This tool provides new information with unprecedented scale and precision.",Global,"Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belice, Dominican Rep., Granada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Santa Lucía, Sant Vicent and  Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago","Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Caribbean countries",,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Will start in the future,,Fisheries,,"Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Among countries,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,"This is an example of transformative change underway that will advance a science-based, equitable, and sustainable transition. Mangrove restoration must be complemented by investments in climate change mitigation strategies and policies, as well as support for sustainable livelihoods and biodiversity. To improve and apply this tool, it is essential to build capacity and engage local communities and government leaders.",,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","High-resolution data was particularly important for making decisions about specific areas of restoration sites, including tight spaces within large mangrove habitats, and for visualizing their interactions in great detail. This will be key to restoring priority areas that are unlikely to recover naturally. In addition, big data could provide the means to bring blue carbon resources to market.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,The FAOSTAT Macro Indicators database,https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/MK ; https://www.fao.org/3/cc5253en/cc5253en.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The database provides national and regional macroeconomic indicators covering, among others, the total economy, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, manufacturing, and the agricultural sub-industry. It is responsible for publishing time series for national accounts variables, including gross domestic product and agricultural value-added, and proposes additional indicators such as gross national income per capita.","The database contains statistics for 218 countries and territories, covering the period from 1970 to 2021. Because of its length, it provides valuable information on fluctuations in global value added in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. Indicators such as gross domestic product per capita are important because they allow comparisons of economic development between countries, taking into account differences in population size, and reflecting the extent to which economic growth is explained by production. The information provided by the database also makes it possible to monitor investment trends over time. These data are valuable for conducting detailed analyses of the opportunities and challenges for promoting sustainable economic development in the productive sector of different countries.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Urbanization, Concentrated production",,"Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Concentration of wealth, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,This is an example of an innovative tool being used around the world to achieve transformative change at different scales.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Global goals such as improving agricultural productivity through new product and process technologies, particularly in developing countries, can affect multiple dimensions of human well-being (nutrition, health, education, etc.) while promoting economic growth. The successful application of sustainability strategies requires methodologies to assess their feasibility in different contexts. Macroeconomic indicator databases are a key tool for advancing these analyses toward policy design and informed decision-making.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,FutureAgriculture,http://www.futureagriculture.eu/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",FutureAgriculture is an EU-funded project led by the Max Planck Institute in collaboration with other European organizations. Its goal is to increase agricultural productivity through plant engineering and the design of new metabolic pathways that replace natural photorespiration to overcome deficiencies and support increased photosynthetic rate and yield. The expected result is an increase in plant growth and biomass yield under different environmental conditions.,This project seeks to provide a solution to the problem of limited land capacity for agricultural expansion and the increased demand for food in the next thirty years when the world population is expected to reach 10 billion people. It seeks to make more efficient use of available natural resources to improve crop productivity: the use of synthetic biology and computational techniques to improve photosynthetic capacity and generate biomass is a novel approach that will help increase the sustainability of food production and enable photosynthetic processes to cope with stressful situations associated with climate change.,Global,"Germany, United Kingdom, Israel","Alemania, Londres, Israel",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Will start in the future,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Among countries,None,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Population size, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is an example of transformative change underway. However, carbon metabolism is a complex system, and the lack of information on some components makes it difficult to design and predict. Future improvements will depend on the appropriate use of multiple engineering strategies that will allow us to achieve even greater goals.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Optimization of agricultural practices benefits from the integration of multiple research disciplines, including computational biology, chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, and plant physiology, as well as industrial translation. When the ability to test promising pathways in vitro and in vivo is limited, the support of predictive computational models is critical. These models can be continuously improved by integrating information from different experiments and assays.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Developing Capacity to Reduce Food Loss and Waste in Thailand,https://www.fao.org/3/cc4736en/cc4736en.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The objective of this project is to reduce losses and waste in the food industry in Thailand by studying the causes behind the small and medium enterprises' processing and distribution operations. The findings will inform effective interventions for MSMEs and retailers throughout the country.,"Food loss and waste are problems with both economic and environmental consequences, especially in developing countries. Despite this, their management is not considered a priority, and companies often do not quantify the food lost in their operations or wasted at retail, nor the impacts on profitability and the environment. This effect is particularly relevant in Thailand as MSMEs account for approximately 91% of food processing. Therefore, addressing the problem requires understanding why these losses occur to make those responsible aware of their economic value and to work with them on strategic actions to reduce them. The work was comprehensive, collecting qualitative data from 195 MSMEs in 66 provinces and different processing sub-sectors. The information was used to train a group of 25 enterprises, resulting in better quality products with longer shelf-life. In addition, the project's findings served as the basis for a draft policy and technical manual to support further capacity development for MSMEs. In the long term, these improvements are expected to further increase economic returns, promote the availability of quality local food, and help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from landfills.",Asia,Thailand,66 provinces in Thailand,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,No,2022,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity",,,"This is an example of transformative change supported by multiple sectors and facilitated by the Thai government. In order to extend its application to other regions, it is necessary to involve the highest levels of government in policy development and create an enabling environment to support food loss reduction initiatives.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Companies of different sizes can contribute their knowledge of their problems and limitations to work on optimizing operations. The participants' experience has shown that simple technologies (thermometers, moisture meters, package sealers, freezers to improve the storage of perishable products) allow the identification of loss points without great difficulty, but with important differences in the results. These changes not only improve the quality of the products but also increase income and can positively contribute to reducing environmental impact by using by-products to compost fields or feed animals.",,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Forest and Farm Facility Initiative for Climate-Resilient Landscapes and Improved Livelihoods 2018-2022,https://www.fao.org/3/i7231e/i7231e.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The goal of the Forest and Farm Facility is to empower agricultural and forestry producers for sustainable development, poverty reduction, and climate action, contributing to the 2030 Agenda and its goals and the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Its activities will strengthen the capacity of producers and their organizations, deepen their participation in innovative government processes, and promote landscape-scale climate solutions with more inclusive and sustainable economic opportunities.","1.5 billion agricultural and forestry producers supply about 80 percent of the food in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, managing 500 million family farms. These producers also make up a large proportion of the poorest rural communities. FFF focuses on producers' potential, especially of the organizations that bring together smallholders, rural women's groups, local communities, and indigenous peoples. Its goals include greater participation in policy initiatives through actions that reduce the gender gap and involve young people in policy processes and monitoring. It also aims to support governments in developing multisectoral cooperation mechanisms and representative protocols. Activities will build the technical capacity of organizations to make them more profitable while expanding their service delivery to a greater number of members, especially marginalized groups. In turn, they will forge concrete links with programs and investments at the landscape and climate change scales and ensure producers secure tenure and participatory land plans.",Global,"Bolivia, the Gambia, Guatemala, Kenya, Liberia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Vietnam and Zambia","Bolivia, the Gambia, Guatemala, Kenya, Liberia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Vietnam and Zambia",,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,No,2022,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Among countries,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Population size, Concentrated production",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures",,,"This is an example of successful transformation. FFF has reached more than 400 organizations in 10 partner countries, with regional and global programs reaching more than 40 million people. Documented successes in poverty reduction, political influence, increased tenure security, better prices for producers, and business development have been achieved in ways that reflect greater participation by women and an emphasis on youth participation. FFF's work with government institutions and regional, national, and global partners has mobilized more than US$130 million to support the activities of farmers' organizations.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Producers are stronger and more capable when organized, yet their formal and informal groups are often not recognized by the private sector. Intersectoral cooperation is key to building networks that can effectively engage with governments, provide technical assistance, generate knowledge, and monitor results.",,
gervasio piñeiro,pineiro@agro.uba.ar,LA,Transformative Change,"Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICEt, Universidad de la Republica.",0000-0003-0184-9797,Service Crops adoption in Argentina,http://cultivosdeservicios.agro.uba.ar/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Promote adoption of service crops un croplands of argentina,"It was transformative in the sense that farmers changes teir way of thinking agricutural practices, and adopted the ecosystem services concept and linked it to applicable agricultural practices that can be perfomred to improve agroecosystems sustinability.",America,Argentina,argentina,,,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,on going,Years,,Agriculture,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands",Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,Concentrated production,,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,not sure,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Agrculture can be done using a diferent aporach, incluiding a new rationale asociated to imporving biodiversity and ecosytem services through clear actions. Promoting and showing a clear link between ecosystem degradation and agricultural practices and offering a possible alternative based on proces based technologies, such as service crops.",,
Fernanda Rojas-Marchini,fernanda.rojas@pucv.cl ,Fellow,Transformative Change,"Assistant professor, Institute of Geography, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso",https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-6333,Community conservation in Valparaiso-Viña del Mar,https://www.terram.cl/tag/parque-natural-kan-kan/  https://www.facebook.com/redparquecabriteria/,No,"We are a network of community organizations linked to the Cabritería Creek in the municipality of Valparaiso. Our goal is to protect and regenerate the creek, involving the communities that live nearby. ","The network that has been configured to protect the forests in the creeks of Valparaiso and Viña del Mar is a clear example of how local communities organize and conduct regenerative practices in ways that are not exclusive to large international or local NGOs, and that also do not exclude communities. This network offers a path for transformative change, one that goes beyond fortress conservation.",America,Chile,Valparaiso,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,--,Years,"It is not easy to measure this, but the organizations conformed as a response to the fire of 2014.","Foresty, Water",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,,,--,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,,---,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,--,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation",,,,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Local community coordination, States",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,"This case illustrates the potential of community organizations that organize to recover creeks. However, they do so without the support of the state and in a country where most of the land is privately owned. More significant incentives to persuade private land owners and greater involvement of the state, which could support local organizations such as these networks, can provide a means to escalate this model.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",This is an example of community organizations that focus on regeneration instead of the current hegemonic approach of fortress conservation. The main lesson is that conservation can and must shift to emphasize regeneration of ecosystems.,--,
Saul Cunningham,saul.cunningham@anu.edu.au,LA,Transformative Change,Australian National University,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-6893,"Indigenous Protected Areas program, Australia",https://www.dcceew.gov.au/environment/land/indigenous-protected-areas,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Returning many land management rights to indigenous communities, after a long period of colonial oppression. The areas are managed for nature conservation benefits as well as for the benefit of local indigenous communities","Indigenous Protected Areas now account for 50% of the Australian nature reserve system (87 million hectares), although the first was declared as recently as the late 1990's. They are transformative in social terms (given that indigenous Australian's were driven off most of their land during colonisation) and in terms of nature conservation (studies show they have been successful in species conservation terms, e.g. Schuster et al 2019 Environmental Science & Policy, 101,pp 1-6,",Oceania,Australia,many locations both land and sea,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,1990-2000,Yes,on going,Years,better to think of the change (relative to the alternatives) as ongoing,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,I don´t know,,,Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge),,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,i have included this because I understand we need to strengthen ILK content. The IPA system is widely admired in Australia and seems to have succeeded with relatively little resistance. It should be acknowledged that it represents a great step forward in the context of modern Australia. Of course indigenous people could quite justifiably argue that the IPA mechanism is only a minor redress for the extreme negative impacts of colonisation.,
Björn-Ola Linnér; TCA technical support unit,Bjorn-ola.linner@liu.se; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,LA,Transformative Change,Linköping University,0000-0001-9910-3779,Gobal demographic transformation,"https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf, https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.2225683, https://doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2015.33, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW",No,"population growth rates for various reasons health, environmental impact and gender equality etc.","Population growth rates can serve as an example of global transformative change. It would provide some numbers to satisfy the quantification as well as addressing the population issue. First, the exponential grow over the past century has certainly transformed the world.  The ‘Day of Eight Billion’ was marked on November 15, 2022. Yet the pace is slowing. In the medium variant, the global population is projected to grow to around 8.5 billion in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050, and 10.4 billion in 2100 in the UN’s middle scenario . However, secondly, historically dramatic falling population growth also provide an example of transformative change.  The population growth rate has decreased ever since the 1960s, a trend that has been increasingly apparent in recent decades. The world population grow rate was 2.1 percent per year in the late 1960s. In 2020, the growth rate had fallen below one percent, but still adding 78 million people in 2022.   and is expected to continue to fall to a negative numbers at the end of the century. This demographic transformation will happen differently across the world, of course. More than half of the population increase up until 2050 will occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. If is bound to fundamentally change the world’s societies as fewer people of productive age will support an aging population. 

The UN population projections depends on several uncertain factors. They hinge on  estimates of the range of plausible future trends in fertility, mortality and international migration in different places around the world, as well as ‘optimistic’ assumptions about the progress of socio-economic development, health, and gender equality.  The scenarios may change due to warming world, increased geopolitical conflicts or slowed socio-economic progress for poorer regions. will affect these assumptions.

The literature on the drivers of the population transition is rich, is not in full agreement, and reveals some important cultural variations. Nevertheless, it typically emphasises improved levels of income, human security, maternal and child health, education, gender equality, access to contraceptives and to some extent coercive policies in some countries in the case of PR China’s one-child policy. 



 
",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1970-1980,Yes,not finished,Decades,,Health,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,,"the demographic transition in itself does not create positive environmental effects, but lessens one stressor that may enforce drivers of biodiversity loss, such as land use, consumption etc.",,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Population size, Migration, Human capital, Structural transition",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Concentration of wealth, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,"Population growth is sometimes presented as an example of necessary change towards population growth control to ensure sustainability, which has not been found to be accurate in most of the scientific literature on the subject.",I remain neutral,That large scale global transformation of a problem that many thought was unstoppable and leading to a global catastrophe. ,,
Jinlong Liu,liujinlong@ruc.edu.cn,LA,Transformative Change,Renmin University of China,0000-0002-0228-0865,Forest Chief Scheme of China,"Li, H., Jia, R., Renn, O., & Xu, T. (2022). Managing Risks Arising from Conservation Complexities of Forests: Insights from China’s “Chief Scheme” Practice. Sustainability, 14(9), 5042. ",No,"to explain how forest Chief scheme initated, scaled up, institutionalized and its outcome.",Focus of forest management transformed from production to combining of production and protection.,Asia,China,Jiangxi/An hui province,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,I donot know.,Years,"The forest chief scheme was invented in a small town and scaled up to the nationalwide, however quite different in appraoches, measures, and outcomes among regions.",Foresty,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Country,Over a million,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,,,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,"Values, Financial flows",,Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions,,,"Top authorities in a particular level such province, prefecture, and counties should be presented at a case required multisectorial collaboration.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",how to scale up the policy which support implementation of Forest chief schames?,,
Oleksandr Karasov,oleksa.karasov@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,University of Helsinki,0000-0001-6121-4625,Great Green Wall initiative,https://www.unccd.int/our-work/ggwi,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",To combat climate change and desertification and address food insecurity and poverty,"It restored land quality and created many new economic opportunities; 20 million hectares have been restored and 350,000 jobs created (2020), transforming in this way environment and life in the participating countries (while each country has its own goals and achievements)",Africa," Algeria, Burkina Faso, Benin, Chad, Cape Verde, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, The Gambia and Tunisia",International,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,"It consists of hundreds of the projects funded separately and, therefore, time scales vary","Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Services, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Among countries,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,I don´t know,,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Coordination between Great Green Wall countries and donors is weak; better financial management is required,,
Liu Jinlong; TCA technical support unit,liujinlong@ruc.edu.cn; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,LA,Transformative Change,Renmin University of China,0000-0002-0228-0865,Eco-cilvilization: ideology induced transformative change.,"Hanson, A. (2019). Ecological civilization in the People’s Republic of China: values, action, and future needs. ","Yes, and the vision is implicit",interprit how idiology of eco-cilivation translated into actions for sustainable development in China.,"Idiology - long term planning - 5 years planning, action, etc. leads to foundemental change in China on evironmental management.",Asia,China,Across China.,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,2050,Years,long term,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,,No change,Slight negative effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,,,,,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,Values,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,,Ecological civilization is also a political concept that has been seen as having drawbacks and may be questioned as to its attributes in terms of transformative potential when used to exercise environmental diplomatic influence.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Oleksandr Karasov,oleksa.karasov@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,University of Helsinki,0000-0001-6121-4625,Wetlands restoration worldwide,"https://www.iucn-uk-peatlandprogramme.org/projects-map  and many other links depending on country (Nordic, Baltic countries, USA and Canada)","Yes, and the vision is implicit",Goal is to restore peatlands to their original hydrological and ecological conditions to mitigate climate change (natural peatlands act as carbon sink) and provide habitat,This is the paradigm shift of peatland management and nature-related values: instead of draining peatlands for peat production and agricultural purposes peatlands are being increasingly restored. This change is global and unprecedented,Global,"USA, Canada, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Letonia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany, Denmark",International,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1970-1980,Yes,Not finished,Decades,Time scales vary depending on the project,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Energy, Industry",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs",Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,,,Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Chaning attitudes towards natural ecosystems, largely disturbed by people, can be rapid, so peatland management practices were completely changed during the last decades (30-50 years)",,
Oleksandr Karasov,oleksa.karasov@gmail.com,Fellow,Transformative Change,University of Helsinki,0000-0001-6121-4625,Urban greening paradigm,https://urbanrambles.org/background/a-brief-history-of-rus-in-urbe-1307 and many others,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Improve quality of life in the cities, regulate urban climate (cooling greenery effect), improve aesthetical values of neighbourhoods, improve health conditions of urban dwellers, etc.","Urban greening is a specimen of the transformation of urban management and planning practices over the last decades; developing green infrastructure is intrinsically connected with blue infrastructure, public transport management, etc. ",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,1990-2000,Yes,Not finished,Decades,Time scales depend on particular city,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Services",,I don´t know,City,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,,,"Values, Urbanization",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Nature-based solutions are often more effective than purely artificial ones,,
Oleksandr Karasov,oleksa.karasov@gmail.com ,Fellow,Transformative Change,University of Helsinki,0000-0001-6121-4625,Social media and digitalisation of people-nature relationships,https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-019-00672-1 unilever.com/news/news-search/2023/how-social-media-is-helping-people-make-the-switch-to-sustainability/ and many others,No,To use digital technologies (social media) to regulate people-nature relationships,"Social media transformed the way people interact with nature; they regulate popularity of touristic locations (Instagram effect), promote nature-based tourism, may raise awareness on sustainability unilever.com/news/news-search/2023/how-social-media-is-helping-people-make-the-switch-to-sustainability/",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Not finished,Decades,,Services,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,,I don´t know,,,,I don´t know,,,"Values, Migration, Urbanization",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentration of wealth, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Social media are powerful tools to be used to manage touristic flows and shift values of nature,,
Lyla Mehta ,L.Mehta@ids.ac.uk,LA,Transformative Change,"Institute of Development studies, Uk ",,Building transboundary hybrid in the Sundarbans around indigenous saline-tolerant paddy resilient to flash floods and cyclones.,https://steps-centre.org/blog/rebuilding-same-or-rebuilding-different-critical-questions-in-the-aftermath-of-cyclone-amphan/ https://event.pollen2020.exordo.com/session/140/when-the-boat-is-sinking-tales-of-uncertainty-resilience-and-transformation-through-visual-stories-and-narratives  https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/sunderbans-puts-high-hopes-on-salt-tolerant-varieties-of-paddy/article35305904.ece https://tapestry-project.org/2021/07/26/roundtable-sundarbans-without-boundaries/ https://tapestry-project.org/2021/08/16/printing-the-calamity/  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xixJX8VpvrA https://www.dhakatribune.com/tribune-climate/2022/08/04/possibilities-of-participatory-visual-research-methods  https://bulletin.ids.ac.uk/index.php/idsbo/article/view/3184  https://tapestry-project.org/2022/01/25/participatory-visual-methods-glimpses-from-the-field/  https://tapestry-project.org/2021/06/10/faced-with-devastating-cyclones-how-are-women-in-coastal-bangladesh-building-resilience/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","
To advocate the implicit knowledge of the Sundarbans island communities through indigenous and place appropriate transformative initiatives in saline tolerant food production in a geographically vulnerable terrain faced with rapidly intensifying climate shocks.
","Building community-led transboundary alliances to critically examine how transformation works through different forms of geographical knowledge production about culture, place, environment and Indigenous peoples. And exploring how the socially differentiated power relations and the politics of transformative knowledge production play out in the project’s push for a more plural knowledge frame which offers democratic space for complementing the dominant knowledge with the implicit understanding of those bearing the brunt of climate change.",Asia,India and Bangladesh,Bangladesh Sundarbans and Indian Sundarbans ,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,Yes,na ,Years,,Agriculture,,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Among countries,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"The project could have spent more time with embedding its people-centric action research initiatives and providing more support to the bottom-up alliances. Unfortunately, COVID took two years of the project time and the climate shocks due to back-to-back cyclones during the project period also took time for people to bounce back and start rebuilding. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","A gradual change observed in the TAPESTRY research site is to move from community based to community-owned and led means of growing the salinity tolerant rice. The local farmers have discovered over 50 indigenous seeds that used to be grown in Sundarbans before the advent of HYV of seeds through the Green Revolution. The farmers’ cooperative is trying to decrease its dependency on outside actors (both state and non-state) and become self-reliant by having community-owned seed banks and salinity testing centres.

The political, social and economic power dynamics of development, including the vested role of no state and state actors in advocating neoliberalism, will continue to be constants and perhaps will intensify in the climate change frontiers. But community-led transformative initiatives bolstered by people’s movement and alliances with their bottom-up approaches provide a people’s counterpoint for an alternate route to transformation with its promise of being just, equitable, and the potential for scaling up and out.

TAPESTRY project has been able to open up the knowledge exchange pathway among academia, civil society and practitioners between India and Bangladesh Sundarbans. to learn from each other about transformative initiatives and more importantly what works and what does not. This is one of the major legacies that the project has left behind - in seeing Sundarbans not through two different nation-states but as a single continuous ecosystem.
",,
Lyla Mehta,L.Mehta@ids.ac.uk,LA,Transformative Change,institute of development studies ,will provide later ,"Mangrove ecologies, biodiversity and pastoralism in western India ","https://tapestry-project.org/2022/12/15/photo-story-the-changing-face-of-pastoralism-in-kutch/ https://tapestry-project.org/2020/11/10/how-do-we-study-mangrove-ecology-with-pastoralists-in-kachchh/   https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022AGUFMSY11B..01O/abstract  Empowering marginalised communities, BBC Storyworks (sponsored by the International Science Council), November 2021: (over 800,000 views) https://stories.council.science/unlocking-science-empowering-marginalised-communities/ ","Yes, and the vision is implicit","*Mainstream conservation debates within Gujarat often blame herding and grazing practices for the denudation of mangroves. In scientific and policy discourses in Kutch, Gujarat (Western India) the dependence of pastoral and fishing communities on mangroves is cited as one of the major threats to the survival of mangrove habitats. Scientists argue that overgrazing, 'unscientific grazing patterns' (camels browsing on leaves and damaging the tree) and cutting are responsible for the destruction of mangroves. By contrast, herders vehemently oppose this discourse and talk of the synergistic relationship between the camel and the mangroves or cheria as it is commonly known in Kutch.  Our work in Kutch mapped out some of these contestations at the micro and macro levels. Our initiative took place at a crucial juncture when camel rearing is said to be witnessing a revival. The kharai camel, a threatened indigenous species of camel that can swim, has been recognised as a distinct breed (2015) by the Government of India. To protect the kharai, the camel breeders association (KUUMS) and Sahjeevan have partnered with dairy cooperatives to mainstream camel milk production and supply. To sustain this network of milk collection, it is important that conservation of traditional grazing routes is restored and existing natural resources base, i.e. fodder resources and waterscape, including mangroves habitats on which kharai breed are dependent, is protected. The underlying hope was that this mainstreaming will lead to the achievement of twin goals: preservation of the kharai-mangroves co-existence as well as livelihood improvement bringing wider benefits to the pastoral community. Thus, this initiative is critical for the revival of pastoralism especially since mainstream development and conservation debates have denigrated pastoralists and their livelihoods for several decades (see Mehta 2005; Mehta and Srivastava 2019). Drawing on the project’s line of inquiry, we asked: how these bottom-up initiatives are conceptualised, contested and negotiated? What is their potential for triggering transformative capacity? What are the trade-offs and synergies in the process?; and what are the implications for equity, socio-cultural and environmental justice? ","Through interdisciplinary work, we were able to challenge dominant cause-effect narratives about socio-environment relations that also structured power relations. Work on mangrove cover in Kutch combined natural science (remote sensing and participatory mapping), with social science (oral history, interviews) and arts-based approaches to understand pastoral camel herders’ perceptions on mangroves and grazing patterns. This helped to challenge existing entrenched views on the negative effects of camel grazing on mangrove health and thereby counter and reframe narratives that have denigrated pastoralism. the co-produced knowledge bringing together scientific and herder perpectives validated herder grazing practices and also demonstrated that camel/ mangrove relations are synergistic and that grazing can help biodiversity , not undermie it. ",Asia,India ,"kutch, gujarat ",Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,No,2022,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water",,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,Between 10 to 100,None,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Structural transition, States",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"We lost considerable time due to the covid pandemic and hence work on alliance building beyond the local context (scaling up and out) could not be pursued. Series of interactions between state, industry actors, NGOs and pastoralists could have facilitated a deliberative pathway beyond the local context and also helped in strengthening the counternarrative on pastoralism in Kutch.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","ecologists and scientists learnt the value of working together with local communities and also on the importance of sociological and anthropological engagement with ILK.  Pastoralists gained scientific insights and data to validate their grazing routes and relationships with coastal resources such as mangroves.  1.	There is no singular imaginary of transformation. Transformation is plural and needs to be seen as a contested process of radical change for seeking alternative futures. 
2.	Transformation as a process is better facilitated when it is bottom-up, spatially and gender just and contributes to agency and livelihoods enhancement. It is important to centre the voices of local communities while being attendant to heterogeneous power relations within and across communities. Intergenerational aspects are often overlooked and it’s important to focus on the agency and voice of youth.
","this is done in a bit of a hurry, more information can be provided later also from other colleagues in the TAPESTRY project https://tapestry-project.org/",
Catherine Sabinot,catherine.sabinot@ird.fr,LA,Transformative Change,French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development,orcid.org/0000-0001-5136-1517,"Inclusion of indigenous and local knowledge and actors in management of protected areas: Article 8j, CBD, 1992 and/or its impacts", https://www.cbd.int/traditional/ + Various scientific papers,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","While the first protected areas aimed to put nature under a bell, in particular by expelling local communities, with the Rio Convention in 1992, the signatory States recognized that ""biodiversity"" should be understood as ""nature"" as well as ""culture"". In fact, a new orientation to the strategy of biodiversity conservation is born through article 8J of the Convention, which takes a broad cultural dimension. It is stated that the multiple cultural perceptions of nature must be taken into account to ensure its conservation. Article 8J of the Convention on Biodiversity states that "" Each contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate: Subject to national legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge innovations and practices "". 20 years after the Stockolm conference and the MAP program of UNESCO, which has as a specificity, very original at the time of its creation, to promote sustainable development (designated at the time under the term of ""eco-development""), to reconcile a good conservation of the environment and the continuation of the human activities which are deployed there, Article 8J of the Convention on Biodiversity discusses the conservation and use of available natural resources and recognize the role of indigenous knowledge in this dynamic.","The new idea that has emerged with Article 8j is that of relying on and drawing inspiration directly from indigenous communities, who cohabit with biodiversity. Thus, in order to save biological diversity, each contracting Party shall respect and preserve cultural diversity. It is no more only a question of biodiversity, but a question of biodiversity and culture. This article 8j marks a turning point because even today, during the creation of protected areas and the reflection on their management, the actors, notably the indigenous communities, appeal to this article. Its use was sometimes made to give good conscience to the decision makers but it (8J from this convention and others in the same way) is also (more and more?) used by indigenous people to negotiate and remind institutions, the State and others, of the need to recognize the knowledge of indigenous people and their role in management. The change has not been radical in all parts of the world, nor has it been constant/consistent (although excluding people from protected areas is less common, it is still sometimes the choice done). Nevertheless, it has in many places instituted a deep change in values as well as in institutions, leading to a better preservation of human-nature relations. And this kind of article is now notably used by intigenous to defend their rights (expected or unexpected effect?)",Global,Global,Global,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,I don’t know,,1990-2000,Yes,still ongoing,Decades," The change has not been radical in all parts of the world, nor has it been consistent.","Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.), I don´t know",Among countries,"More than 1000, I don't know","More than 1000, I don't know",Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,,,Assessing the number of people or the type of habitat impacted or the economic consequences is very subjective. I'm not comfortable with that,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,,Assessing the number of people or the type of habitat impacted or the economic consequences is very subjective. I'm not comfortable with that,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,For each line we could assess that there were positive and negative consequences but we have only one way to answer. It is sometimes too general from my understanding and it can lead to caricatural analyses (especially in figures). So we have to be very careful in using some answers.,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",,,,"International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","This has contributed to opening up a path of management of protected areas that considers local populations (does not exclude them), that also considers the value of their knowledge and expertise. This has opened up a path, but the recognition of these ways of seeing the world and of this expertise is still not unanimous, especially on the part of some scientists.
","As a synthesis of my previous comments.
We have to be very careful with the traitment of the database beause from my understanding it is very complicated for each of us to evaluate/give a note to the major impacts of TC. ""I don't know"" is the most real and honnest answer that I can often give. For example, assessing the number of people or the type of habitat impacted or the economic consequences is very subjective. Sometimes, there is a combination of positive and negative impacts in the same area and we cannot make this point or in any case it is subjective. I'm not comfortable but I don’t know really how we could do without having a longer questionnaire....The important thing is at least to be very careful when using these data, to be very nuanced.

",
Helen Wheeler,helen.wheeler@aru.ac.uk,LA,Transformative Change,Anglia Ruskin University,0000-0002-9820-5818,Designation of Ivvavik National Park in Canada,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivvavik_National_Park  ;  https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/community.27990367.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Protect important caribou calving grounds and nature area from development (oil and gas). Recognise Indigenous land rights,It addresses equity and nature conservation/sustainability and reflects fundamental values shifts toward recognising land rights of Indigenous peoples which allowed Indigenous peoples to protect land,America,Canada,Northwest Territories,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,I don’t know,,1980-1990,Yes,NA,Decades,No clear start date but reflects and shift in values to include greater recognition of Indigenous land rights,"Energy, Industry",,"Tundra and high mountain habitats, Permafrost/glacial habitats",Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight negative effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Pre-emptive action, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,Changes in primary sector,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Red Iberoamericana de Pesca Artesanal de Pequeña Escala,"https://www.wwf.org.mx/?376815/Nace-la-primera-Red-Iberoamericana-de-Pesca-Artesanal; https://pescadodeconil.com/nace-la-primera-red-iberoamericana-de-pesca-artesanal-de-pequena-escala/#:~:text=Nace%20la%20primera%20RED%20IBEROAMERICANA%20DE%20PESCA%20ARTESANAL%20DE%20PEQUE%C3%91A%20ESCALA,-May%2024%2C%202022&text=Conil%2C%2012%20de%20mayo%20de,regi%C3%B3n%20latinoamericana%2C%20Espa%C3%B1a%20y%20Portugal.","Yes, and the vision is explicit",,"More than 20 million artisanal fishers a from all over Latin America, Spain and Portugal join the new Ibero-American Artisanal Fishing Network in order to amplify the progresses already been made by the co-management systems of diverse SSF in Spain.",America,Spain,Multiple Iberoamerican countries,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Community,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight negative effect,,,,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Changes in primary sector, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,This is an example of a transformative change and address interlinks between Nexus elements.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",Developing fisheries co-management systems over time have proven to be good examples of transformative changes in small-scale fisheries. Generating spaces for co-production of knowledge between actors and across countries led the opportunity develop a common vision and strategic actions towards desirable changes.,"Goal: The network has been created to become a loudspeaker for artisanal fishing in international forums and to address the many challenges facing the sector in order to achieve environmentally and socially sustainable fishing.More than 20 million artisanal fishers a from all over Latin America, Spain and Portugal join the new Ibero-American Artisanal Fishing Network.",
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The EU Common Fisheries Policy,https://oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu/policy/common-fisheries-policy-cfp_en,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Goal: The CFP is a set of rules for sustainably managing European fishing fleets and conserving fish stocks.,"This is an example of transformative change because the EU fisheries policy has enabled the regulation of access to marine resources on the continent, as well as developed the basis for managing fishing fleets inside and outside the EU. It has also allowed the design of a regulatory framework to economically support the fishing and aquaculture sector.",Europe,Belgium,Brussels,,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Public sector,,1980-1990,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",State,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,,,,,,,,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",,,"Migration, Human capital, Changes in primary sector",,"Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,N/A-this is an example of a transformative change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","It’s clear that the reforms have brought progress over time, in particular in the Atlantic Ocean, but not in the Mediterranean (Med) which continues under high level of overexploited stocks. The indicators provided in the STECF-Ad hoc-23-01 report show that in the NE Atlantic (both EU and non-EU waters), stock status has significantly improved since 2003 but that many stocks are still overexploited. Among the stocks which are fully assessed, the proportion of overexploited stocks has decreased from around 74% (2003-2008) to 26% in 2021. In the Med A large majority of the stocks remain overexploited (in 2021, 41 out of 57 stocks (72%) were overfished). In terms of fishing pressure, in the NE Atlantic EU waters, the model-based indicator of fishing pressure (F/FMSY, based on 57 stocks with appropriate information) shows a gradual downward trend over the period 2003-2021. STECF observes a decreasing trend in the proportion of overexploited stocks from 2019 to 2020 but STECF is not in the position to assess whether this change reflects a temporary decrease in fishing pressure, or whether this is a longer- term positive trend.
The data also shows that policymakers are still setting too many catch limits above the levels recommended by scientists, with decision-making suffering from a short-term approach and lower ambition than the policy requires. A long-term perspective – one of the key aims of the 2014 CFP – often took a back seat to immediate political expediency. For example, fisheries ministers continued to set excessive catch limits on the basis that they were a “compromise” between short- and long-term aims or were necessary for unexplained economic reasons. A fair standard of living is only one of the mandatory socio-economic objectives included in the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) which the study found to be often overlooked in practice. In one of the most worrying results of the study (between 2012 and 2018), the fleets of 15 Member States recorded net negative profits. While it is common for businesses to experience occasional losses, it is highly unlikely that operations would continue with such results. A lack of public communication on the scientific basis for European Commission proposals on management measures such as catch limits, and the rationale for legislators’ subsequent decisions, too often prevented scrutiny of decision-making by stakeholders and EU institutions, and undermined trust in the process. Jointly managed stocks require more complex decision-making than stocks that are managed by one entity. That increases the need for collaborative improvements, especially in the wake of the UK’s departure from the EU. A positive finding from the analysis was a marked decrease in the number of cases of non-compliance with the CFP (between 2013 and 2018) as vessel inspections increased, indicating that continued investment in fleet monitoring and control is necessary.

","Some of key references to follow the results of the CFP over time: 
1) https://stecf.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reports/cfp-monitoring/-/asset_publisher/oz5O/document/id/58227533?inheritRedirect=false&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fstecf.jrc.ec.europa.eu%2Freports%2Fcfp-monitoring%3Fp_p_id%3D101_INSTANCE_oz5O%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26p_p_col_id%3Dcolumn-2%26p_p_col_pos%3D1%26p_p_col_count%3D2
2) https://oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu/policy/common-fisheries-policy-cfp_en#publications
3) Da Rocha et al. (2012) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X12000425
4) Prellezo, R., Villasante, S. (2023) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X22004845
5) Villasante, S., Sumaila, R. (2010) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X0900181X
6) Guillen, J. et al. (2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X18309400
7) Carpenter et al. (2016) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X15003206",
Catherine Sabinot,catherine.sabinot@ird.fr,LA,Transformative Change,French National French Research Institute for Sustainable Development,orcid.org/0000-0001-5136-1517,Whanganui River Claims Settlement (New-Zealand),http://www.wrmtb.co.nz/new_updates/Ruruku_Whakatupua_Te_Mana_o_Te_Awa_Tupua_Signed5August%202014.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Rights given to nature > Holistic values (indigenous) according to a river and legally recognition // Goal: To give a legal personality to Nature for a better protection of the Whanganui river and a concret recognition of the relationship between indigenous people and the river

>> New Zealand’s decision to adopt a law, the 2017 Whanganui River Claims Settlement Ac which recognises ""Te Awa Tupua"" as a legal subject, with legal personality, is an unprecedented development among developed countries. This development provides lawyers with a new legislative model and could have a sensible impact on New Zealand’s case law as well as on comparative environmental law.",It is the first time that a Government pushed by indigenous communities has given a legal personality to Nature (ie Whanganui River ) ,Oceania,New-Zealand,Whanganui River  / Te Awa Tupua,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,2017,Years,,Water,,Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater,State,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,,,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",,,,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,,,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",1- Indigenous knowledge and norms can be recognized 2. Rules (at local and national level) can legally be changed and adjusted.,A few year after the Ganges has obtained the same legal status,
Chinwe IFEJIKA SPERANZA,chinwe.ifejika.speranza@unibe.ch,LA,Transformative Change,"University of Bern, Switzerland",0000-0003-1927-7635,Water resources users association; water user groups,https://doi:10.1659/0276-4741(2002)022[0332:PARWUC]2.0.CO;2; https://doi:10.1080/0966369X.2018.1502163; https://doi:10.1080/19376812.2016.1253485; https://doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6699-3_4; https://doi:10.1659/0276-4741(2005)025[0163:AAMSTM]2.0.CO;2; https://doi:10.1080/23311932.2020.1834667; https://doi:10.1080/23311932.2020.1834667; https://doi:10.1080/23322039.2021.1882763; https://doi:10.1080/14728028.2022.2059790; https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00138; https://doi:10.3389/fenvs.2018.00138; https://doi:10.1080/26395916.2021.1946593; https://doi:10.1659/0276-4741(2000)020[0010:MCOSWR]2.0.CO;2,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","To promote collaborative water management at local levels to support local livelihoods but with trade-offs for biodiversity and people downstream. Through WRUAs members improve their access to water, their local environment but unorganised water users downstream and wildlife still have less water in the river. ","Local persons formed water groups, which were later integrated into local water resources users associations that are part of a multi-level governance framework hence institutionalised in the water governance framework of Kenya; WRUAs reduced conflicts between water users. Local water groups triggered environmental awareness and actions (tree planting) among members.",Africa,Kenya,Mount Kenya region,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1970-1980,Yes,Still on-going,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Finance, Other",Social development/self-help groups,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Regional within country,More than 1000,More than 1000,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Those users downstream have not benefitted.,,,Yes,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"Water groups became members of WRUAs, which is part of the multi-level governance structure.",Integrating local actors into water management partially failed in the downstream areas.,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,No,,"Migration, Local community coordination, States",,"Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Policy-related challenges",,,,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Lynne Shannon,lynne.shannon@uct.ac.za,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Cape Town,0000-0001-7842-0636,Heart Energy Achieving Real Transformation (H.E.A.R.T.) -for the White Lions of Timbavati,https://animaltalkafrica.co.za/heart-energy-white-lions/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The HEART Energy vision is for a transformed world where nature thrives and humans live in harmony with nature, achieved through alignment of human-nature energy fields. Actors can be all people, as all people have the ability to ""tune in"" to nature. This example focuses specifically on the Star Lions (the White Lions of Timbavati) and re-establishing a functioning and healthy ecosystem by restoring balance through the top predators of the area, namely the White Lions","This is best summarised by what is on the HEART website: ""By working with our Heart Energy, we listen, then act to Achieve Real Transformation.""",Africa,South Africa,"Timbavati (Lions, near Kruger National Park)",Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Months,Time scale is short (months) onwards to years,"Agriculture, Water, Health",,"Temperate grasslands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,,"Although monoculture is being opposed (citrus orchards that drain the rivers of water needed for the ecosystem (humans and nature), and although rural developments are being opposed, the positive outcomes (social upliftment, organic crops, community (human) health and well being, are being improved, and the land is recovering in the parts already rehabilitated. Thus, positives way outweigh any negatives","no, communities were part of (are part of) the vision and the process",no,Yes,"the process is collaborative, co-developed with local communities, targets behavioural change of individuals, involves youth and elders of the community, and codesigns positive nature-human outcomes and the actions to get us there",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"engagement with municipal, regional and national government structures around land (ecosystem) use and management",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Engages with local views and values (local communities) as well as with all interested parties (conservationists, animal practitioners, managers) all of whom bring their own views and act in ways emanating from, and reflecting these","Values, Population size, Urbanization, Concentrated production, Local community coordination, States",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Wijnand Boonstra,wijnand.boonstra@geo.uu.se,LA,Transformative Change,Uppsala University,0000-0002-1191-0574,Horsedriven agriculture,https://www.somehowhopeful.com; https://www.draftanimalpower.org,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","A world where food is produced with renewable labor sources (draft animals), with a slower pace of work, more opportunities for people to do work that is meaningful and attuned to living nature. Actors that have this vision include small scale farmers and movements worldwide that work with draft animals",It is an attempt to revisit and improve technologies that humans have relied on before the large scale use of fossil fuels. The attempt is to transform back. (retro-innovation),Global,Sweden,Uppsala,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,None,,1960-1970,Yes,It is ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Individual,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,,"Dark sides can be that the work should not become excessive, i.e. attention needs to be paid to safe and healthy work conditions for people and draft animals",,Rhetoric about the example is that the people using draft animals are either backward or romantics longing for a rural idyll and that the option is never useful for feeding the global population,Yes,It changes the practices involved in food production. And the people involved also pay a lot attention to communicating and teaching knowledge about working with draft animals.,It can also be deemed unsuccessful because it practice is still limited.,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",No information available to me,,The discourse and structures of agribusiness,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,See comments above about what the movement tries to accomplish in terms of nature management and community development,"Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sevil Acar,sevil.acar@boun.edu.tr,LA,Transformative Change,Bogazici University,0000-0001-5535-8673,European Green Deal (EGD),https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","It is about transforming the EU into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, ensuring:

no net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050
economic growth decoupled from resource use
no person and no place left behind

The main actor is the European Commission.
","The EGD identifies climate change and environmental degradation as existential threats to Europe and the world. That's why it wants to transform the EU industry, agriculture, and all other sectors as well as the society.",Europe,"Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden",EU regions,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,no,Years,"With the EGD, the European Commission has adopted a set of proposals to make the EU's climate, energy, transport and taxation policies fit for reducing net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels. ","Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,I don´t know,Among countries,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,"The EGD pledges to ‘leave no one behind.’ The Just Transition Mechanism (JTM) of the EGD is a key tool to ensure that the transition towards a climate-neutral economy happens in a fair way, leaving no one behind. It provides targeted support to help mobilise around €55 billion over the period 2021-2027 in the most affected regions, to alleviate the socio-economic impact of the transition.",I don´t know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,"The EGD ignores “the historical unevenness of Europe’s contribution to ecological breakdown as being inseparably twinned with its colonial legacies abroad and how such legacies are reproduced through a universal approach to a ‘green’ transition” (Almeida et al. 2023). As such, the EGD is criticized as it builds on “colonial and neo-colonial motivations viewing peripheral countries and societies as policy deficient, climatically unambitious and in need of ‘capacity-building’ for sustainability and development” (Almeida et al. 2023). ",Equity goals in regards to colonialism/post-colonialism & in regards to centre-periphery economic relations,I don't know,Yes,Policy and regulations are at the heart of the transformation. Knowledge-based solutions are welcome. Technology and digitalization are seen as tools of transformation.,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,All the above-mentioned structures are relevant for the EGD.,,"Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,,"Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Structural transition, Financial flows",,"Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"It is ongoing, hence I don't know.",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Sebastian Villasante; TCA technical support unit,sebastian.villasante@usc.es;  ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Acknowledgement of Traditional Owner rights of Blue Mud Bay ,"https://www.nlc.org.au/fishing-aboriginal-waters/bmbhistory#:~:text=In%202008%20the%20High%20Court,tidal%20waters%20overlying%20their%20land.","Yes, and the vision is implicit",The Northern Territory Government is delivering for Aboriginal Territorians by supporting Traditional Owners to realise their aspirations by capitalising on the social and economic potential of their ancestral lands and waters.,"This case set a historic precedent in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is about the appropriate form of a determination of native title, with the essential issue being whether the native title holders of parts of Blue Mud Bay in Arnhem Land could exclude fishermen and others from the waters of the determination area.",Oceania,Australia,Northern Territory,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1960-1970,Yes,ongoing,Decades,"Native Title was granted in 2008 to the Yolngu, also known as the 'Blue Mud Bay case'","Fisheries, Other",Tourism,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,"The Blue Mud Bay decision from the High Court stands as one of the most significant affirmations of Indigenous legal rights in recent Australian history. The High Court majority refrained from spelling out in comprehensive terms what legal entitlements the traditional owners hold over the intertidal zone.[20] But they left no doubt over the strength of the right to exclude others, as both fee simple grant holders and also as beneficiaries of the criminal trespass provision in section 70 of the ALRA.The decision creates a strong bargaining position for coastal Aboriginal people in the NT from which to negotiate joint participation ‘in the management and development of a sustainable fishing industry – including the protection of fishing stocks, protection of sacred sites and participation in enterprises’.[21] To access the rich natural resources of the intertidal zone on Aboriginal country, commercial fishers must now talk with the traditional owners about the terms and conditions on which that can occur. The High Court’s decision gives Australia the opportunity, belatedly, to catch up with Canada and New Zealand in building co-operative structures between government, business and Indigenous peoples in commercial fisheries.[22]More broadly, across nearly 50% of the NT landmass where the ALRA has restored country to traditional ownership, the Blue Mud Bay majority affirms the strength of the property rights that have been granted. They are ‘for almost all practical purposes, the equivalent of full ownership of the land’.[23] Legally and constitutionally, this marks an important line in the sand in any future debate, negotiation, litigation and legislation about the operation of Commonwealth and NT laws on and near Aboriginal land.",I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I do not know.,I am not aware of that.,I do not know.,No information available to me,,,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,Yes,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,No.,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,Yes,"Indigenous management of coastal waters has now been extended so that Blue Mud Bay is incorporated into the South East Arnhem Land Indigenous Protected Area: an area of 20,000km squared and consisting of the 20 Aboriginal clans.","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Structural transition",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures",,No,"This is an example of a current transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy. However, there have been recent tensions around fishing rights: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-10-08/nt-blue-mud-bay-simmering-tensions/101513814",I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4480,Universal Declaration for the Rights of Mother Earth,"https://www.garn.org/universal-declaration-for-the-rights-of-mother-earth/; https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.18772/22018020541.10; https://www.eldis.org/document/A59434#:~:text=declares%20that%20ME%20and%20all,to%20be%20free%20from%20contamination","Yes, and the vision is implicit","This Universal Declaration of the Rights of Mother Earth, and call on the General Assembly of the United Nation to adopt it, as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations of the world, and to the end that every individual and institution takes responsibility for promoting through teaching, education, and consciousness raising, respect for the rights recognized in this Declaration and ensure through prompt and progressive measures and mechanisms, national and international, their universal and effective recognition and observance among all peoples and States in the world","The Declaration affirms that to guarantee human rights it is necessary to recognize and defend the rights of Mother Earth and all beings in her and that there are existing cultures, practices and laws that do so.",Global,Global,Global,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,Not known.,No,Not known.,Yes,By creating a an indivisible new relationship between humans and Mother Earth.,Not known.,Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people,No information available to me,,,"Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,,"Values, Structural transition, Global coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,It is still ongoing.,,I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4480,Draft agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (UN High Seas Treaty),https://www.un.org/bbnj/sites/www.un.org.bbnj/files/draft_agreement_advanced_unedited_for_posting_v1.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The objective of this Agreement is to ensure the long-term conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction through effective implementation of the relevant provisions of the Convention and further international cooperation and coordination.
",This treaty for the first time facilitates the implementation of conservation-based marine protection in the high seas,Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Will start in the future,Changes are currently being implemented,"Fisheries, Energy, Industry, Other",Tourism,High sea,Global,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,Changes are currently being implemented,"General principles promote sustainability, equity, integration. ecosystem resilience, plural values, fairness, etc",In principle no.,Yes,"By ensuring the long-term conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction through effective implementation of the relevant provisions of the Convention and further international cooperation and coordination.
",No,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"By promoting the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of marine genetic resources of areas beyond national jurisdiction.
",No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,,"Structural transition, Global coordination",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,This is an example of a change with high transformative potential,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Keziah Mayer,17626668@sun.ac.za,No role,Transformative Change,,keziahmayer@gmail.com,Malama Maunalua,https://www.malamamaunalua.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The vision is ""A Maunalua Bay where marine life is abundant, the water is clean and clear, and people take kuleana in caring for the Bay."" It is about taking a stewardship role in the bay, for the benefit of nature and society. It is a community-based, non-profit stewardship organization made up of permanent staff and volunteers.","They consider the Bay to be one of the cultural and environmental treasures of Hawaiʻi. For the last few decades the government did not do enough to stop the degradation of the bay and cultural values associated with it. The local community thus stepped up to restore the bay and in doing so reinstituted cultural values and developed greater social cohesion, capital and resilience. They are integrating the social and ecological, by restoration activities driven by science, education and community outreach. This is a great model for local, place-based, community-driven, grassroots environmental stewardship, which can lead to a few transformative changes. For the volunteers and community members it can lead to inner transformation of values towards nature and human-nature connectivity (scale deep). It can be a model for community based natural resource management and thus modularity and polycentric governance, which can then be replicated elsewhere (scale out). The NPO is also currently affiliated with other organisations including government and other community based organisations, this can allow for a protective space for experimentation, i.e. a protected niche or proto-regime, which can then make changes to the greater system or regime.",America,USA,Hawai'i,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,"They have a diverse list of grantors that make up private, public and third sector.",2000-2010,Yes,not finished,Years,,"Fisheries, Water",,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I am not aware of any dark sides or groups that have lost out.,Not that I am aware of.,Not that I am aware of.,Yes,"The actions include activities to restore the watershed functioning and address its main issue which is runoff. They have done this through free rainwater assessments of public and private properties, sharing information about runoff mitigation related resources and opportunities that homeowners can take part in, and restoring the Koko Head District Park rain garden.

Transformation of nearshore activities include: 
1. Huki (large-scale, organized community events to “pull” or remove IAA at select plots)
2. Adopt-a-Plot (individuals trained to steward – huki and monitor – personal plots)
3. Sea Urchin Seeding and Biocontrol
4. Seagrass Transplanting

There is also an ""adopt a coral"" initiative for the reef. which helps fund the outlplanting of locally sourced, thermally resilient corals in the reef. You can adopt different species or even a whole reef.

They also conduct field research to collect data to help inform our work and help with modeling both on land and the water.

Education and outreach- We work with students, volunteers, and the public by:
1. Presenting educational lessons in K-12 schools during the school year
2. Participating in various annual outreach events and community expos
3. Hosting the first of its kind Maunalua Bay Watershed camp for middle school students
4. Offering outreach internships

",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"The case successfully works/partners with their local schools, the state of Hawai'i City and county of Honolulu, bank of Hawa'i, Hawai'i state department of Health, Hawai'i state department of land and natural resources.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,Through outreach and education- Participating in various annual outreach events and community expos. ,"Values, Urbanization, Local community coordination",,"Values, Urbanization, Local community coordination",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,0000-0001-6296-4480,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,Co-managment of the Kosterhavet MPA for the benefit of local livelihoods and environmental protection,https://ieep.eu/news/balancing-rural-development-and-nature-conservation-lessons-from-kosterhavet-marine-national-park/; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780081026984000162; https://fishfocus.co.uk/co-management-in-sweden-fishers-and-conservationists-join-forces/; https://irp.cdn-website.com/53007095/files/uploaded/Presentation_Andrea_Morf.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Vision: sustainable local fisheries,"The MPA was created in 2009 to protect habitats and species, in the area of Northern Bohuslän which had a long tradition of prawn fishery. Initially, the move triggered a sharp conflict between conservation interests and local fishers, who feared they would lose their way of life and source of income. However, all the interested parties – local authorities, conservationists and fishers -realised they had to work together to find a viable solution. Stakeholders joined forces to develop a sustainable co-management model for marine resources that would allow sustainable prawn fishing in the marine national park",Europe,Sweden,Kosterhavets,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not known,Not known,No,Yes,"Building cooperative arrangements between fishers helped to have higher level of trust, cohesion, transparency and better status of fishery resources and revenues",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",Yes,"Building cooperative arrangements between fishers helped to have higher level of trust, cohesion, transparency and better status of fishery resources and revenues",,Cross-sectoral cooperation,Yes,"Building cooperative arrangements between fishers helped to have higher level of trust, cohesion, transparency and better status of fishery resources and revenues","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Structural transition",,"Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Policy-related challenges",,No,"This is an example of a current transformative change with positive consequences on climate change, food, water and energy. Building cooperative arrangements between fishers helped to have higher level of trust, cohesion, transparency and better status of fishery resources and revenues","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4480,Co-management of Torre Guaceto Marine Protected Area,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780081026984000174,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The main aims of MPAs are to provide zones where fish can reproduce and grow; to protect critical habitats from damage by certain fishing methods; to conserve biodiversity and eventually, to protect predators at the top of the food chain, which increase the ecological stability of coastal environments.","The Torre Guaceto Marine Protected Area (2279 ha, south-eastern Italy) includes a multi-use area of 1885 ha that is employed for small-scale fishing. Its fishery rules were elaborated with a participation process involving resident fishermen. An innovative management strategy was adopted for local fishermen and tourism. As a result, the income generated inside the MPA is twice as much as in neighboring waters. This strategy encouraged a shift from high-volume, low-value to low-volume, high-value tourism, which creates livelihood opportunities for residents, and causes a lower environmental impact. These achievements have been enabled by synergies among the fishery, tourism and agricultural sector, which were promoted by a motivated and proactive managing body and the grassroots organisation Slow Food.",Europe,Italy,Apulia,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,1990-2000,Yes,still ongoing,Decades,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,I don't know,Between 10 to 100,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not known.,Not,Not known.,No information available to me,"But, see the objectives of the MPA",Not,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably",Yes,"Through many meetings with the local fishers the consortium members have agreed on criteria, which are now the key elements of the regulation governing fishing in the Torre Guaceto MPA. In particular, these rules concern the types of fishing gear allowed (more restrictive than the general rules) and the frequency of fishing (only once a week). The regulation also identifies no-take and nursery areas, and limits the number of fishers who have access to the reserve. As a result, fishers in the local community feel highly privileged.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"As part of the process of raising awareness, fishers are regularly involved in ecosystem services and weekly monitoring. This has made it possible to manage the reserve in ways that respond rapidly to changes in the actual current fish stocks.
","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Structural transition",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,Not known.,"The experience of Torre Guaceto suggests that with an ambitious
governance strategy that employs multiple incentives, synergies can be
realised between conservation objectives and the economic interests of
the local community. A strong leadership is essential for all of this to
happen.",I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Transform high seas management to build climate resilience in marine seafood supply,"Cheung, W. W. L., Jones, M. C., Lam, V. W. Y., D Miller, D., Ota, Y., Teh, L., & Sumaila, U. R. (2017). Transform high seas management to build climate resilience in marine seafood supply. Fish and Fisheries, 18(2), 254-263. doi:10.1111/faf.12177","Yes, and the vision is implicit","Closing the high seas to fishing could increase fish catches in coastal waters by 10 percent, helping people, especially the most vulnerable, cope with the expected losses of fish due to climate change","It establishes a model for the analysis of key species under climate change, with transformative change measures, such as the closure of offshore activities in the oceans",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,High sea,Country,Over a million,"Between 100 to 1,000",Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"No, indeed by closing the high seas to fishing or cooperatively managing its fisheries, we project that catches in exclusive economic zones (EEZs) would likely increase by around 10% by 2050 relative to 2000 under climate change (representative concentration pathway 4.5 and 8.5), compensating for the expected losses (around −6%) from ‘business-as-usual’. ",It is still expected to be applied in practice.,Yes,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,The examples radically proposes a new regime system to recover high sea fisheries,Not known.,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,"The example illustrates a new way of considering how closing the high sea can help to tackle climate change and, indirectly, allowing coastal communities to exploit their marine resources.","Values, Structural transition, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on marine systems, but emphasis on food and climate change","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Building climate resilience and social equity of global fisheries,"Prellezo, R., Da-Rocha, J.M., Palomares, M.L.D. et al. Building climate resilience, social sustainability and equity in global fisheries. npj Ocean Sustain 2, 10 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44183-023-00017-7","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The vision attempts to build climate resilience, sustainability and social equity in global fisheries. It aims to the internalisation of shadow prices for harvested fishes calculated through their blue carbon content, while economic efficiency is obtained by allowing the trade of CO2e allowances. ","The paper proposes the internalisation of shadow prices for harvested fishes calculated through their blue carbon content, while economic efficiency is obtained by allowing the trade of CO2e allowances. This scheme provides the global economy with an alternative for the fisheries sector, which grapples with the complexity to find alternatives to reallocate invested capital. It also induces reducing (over)fishing and contributes to build climate resilience and a more equitable distribution of income from the oceans. The internalisation of the climate effect of fisheries (considering only the blue carbon) would imply a 22%-increase in the average ex-vessel prices worldwide if 2050 climate targets are considered.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,More than 1000,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"No, but the proposal is pending to be operationalized.","No, the study concludes that the inclusion of the fishing industry in a carbon trading scheme, considering in a non-exclusive way the blue carbon concept, induces a more climate-resilient, socially efficient and equitably balanced fishing activity.",No,Yes,The example implies a profound change of the way how global fisheries are managed,No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"The Paris Agreement adopted by the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference (PA) targets limiting global warming to 1.5–2 °C relative to the preindustrial level to avoid an irreversible loss in human wellbeing. Article 6 of the PA establishes provisions for engaging in international cooperation through carbon market mechanisms, to support the achievement of nationally determined contributions. By using CO2 permit markets towards a market-based solutions (MBS) scheme to implement blue carbon climate targets for global fisheries. The scheme creates a scarcity value for the right to not sequester blue carbon, generating an asset of carbon sequestration allowances based on historical landings, which are considered initial allowances.",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The MBS scheme of this paper builds a supply curve which represents the willingness to reduce fishing, derived from the shadow prices created by entering fisheries into a carbon trade mechanism. It is based on an economic logic of inducing a scarcity value for the right to fish, creating an asset in the form of carbon allowances. This shadow price comes from imposing a price on the fishing fleet’s 'de facto' blue carbon initial allowances, calculated as the carbon stored in the fish landed over time. That is, an explicit opportunity cost of fishing from the climate targets perspective is created, although any other trade-off could be considered (e.g. nutritional properties of food or any other ecosystem service).","Values, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Market interactions",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Concentration of wealth, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No," This is an example of a transformative change focused on food, climate change and health","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Fishing transformations,https://saras-institute.org/fishing-transformations/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The project created two visions by the actors involved in the initiatives of small-scale fisheries in Uruguay:
1) ""Lo indivisible de lo colectivo"": By 2050, cooperation networks between local actors and short marketing circuits characterise artisanal fishing in Uruguay. Aquatic ecosystems (seas, rivers, lagoons) are healthy, abundant and diverse, surrounded by native vegetation and fauna: indispensable scenarios for the upbringing of future children. Healthy and local food, traditional practices, the use of natural materials and the exchange of information are elements valued by fishermen and diners alike. Time has gained space in the kitchens, and consequently fish consumption has increased on Uruguayan tables. The safety and efficiency of the fishing activity has been improved thanks to the incorporation of accessible technologies. The regulatory framework is adaptive and has opened up new opportunities for artisanal fishing and fishing tourism.
2) ""El “maracanazo” de la pesca artesanal"": Uruguay, 2050. Artisanal fishing is part of a healthy, diverse and sustainable food system, where the circular economy is present in all stages and products. Thanks to the transmission of knowledge from fishers and fisherwomen to children and society in general, artisanal fishing has gained visibility and is an important component of the country's culture and identity. Multiple festivals in different localities of the territory commemorate the day of artisanal fishing in Uruguay. Men and women of artisanal fishing have adopted selective fishing methods and processing has been improved, favouring product quality and good environmental practices. Gastronomy and artisanal fisheries have forged a relationship of trust based on the exchange of information, product quality and commitments on both sides. The institutional framework is efficient and in line with local needs. Artisanal fisheries are managed as a socio-ecological system, where local and traditional knowledge is complemented by technical and scientific knowledge for the management of fishery resources.","Context-specific and solution-oriented collaborative environments, also known as transformative spaces, provide an ideal setting for building inspirational visions which in turn are compasses to articulate and encourage actions in the present toward shaping desired futures. The collective creation of visions –as images or stories– allow for the identification of common goals, the critical appraisal of change strategies and their implications (both rationally and emotionally) as well as the identification and imagination of alternatives –all of which help enhance collective agency. Besides, such visions make opportunities for change more visible or transparent to other actors beyond such spaces  and can lead to alignment in terms of values and goals –necessary for systems-level change. Yet, thinking creatively about the future and beyond dominant –western– ideas of progress and development is challenging, and human cognition restrictions bound possible imaginaries, especially those beyond the status-quo. Sustainability transformations represent not just cognitive or technical but also creative challenges. Leveraging the imaginative and disruptive capacity of artistic and design practicesthe arts paves the way to spark and democratize creativity within such transformative spaces, enable the integration of diverse knowledges and forms of evidence  while allowing participants to explore not only what needs to be created, but also what needs to be dismantled. The example showcases the process of co-producing a series of desirable, plural, and meaningful future visions for small-scale fisheries in Uruguay, framed in a food system perspective. Our results are embedded in a transdisciplinary process aimed at co-creating a transformative space that involves leaders of sustainability initiatives of the local food system, researchers from diverse disciplines, and artists. We describe the process of co-creating visions during a visioning workshop based on an art-based method (Collaging Futures).",America,Uruguay,Uruguay,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"No, but the transformative space is still underway.",No.,There are no marginalised groups in the example.,Yes,"Creating a new transformative space is helping small-scale fishers to co-create a new vision about the future of the activity. Each actor in the system is responsible for, and essential to, sustaining the networks of work and collaboration that connect and make visible fishermen and fisherwomen, chefs, authorities, citizens and diners. Gastronomy has facilitated a paradigm shift in the kitchens and diets of uruguayans.",No,,No information available to me,No,No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"In the new vision and values, gastronomy has facilitated a paradigm shift in Uruguayan kitchens and diets. The consumption of animal protein is more balanced, having a favourable impact on the nutrition of children and adults and on the sustainability of the land and sea. The change in mentality was made possible thanks to hard work in schools and homes aimed at changing eating habits, mainly in children and early childhood.","Values, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No.,"This is an example of a transformative change focused on food, climate change and health
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,,,A sea change on the African coast? ,"Cinner, J. E., & McClanahan, T. R. (2015). A sea change on the african coast? preliminary social and ecological outcomes of a governance transformation in kenyan fisheries. Global Environmental Change, 30, 133-139. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.10.003","Yes, and the vision is implicit","In 2006, the Kenyan government introduced co-management legislation that allowed 33 pilot coastal communities to develop and enforce local bylaws regarding the use of and access to fisheries. These bylaws can include banning certain gears, restricting access of non-members to fishing grounds, and prohibiting fishing in delineated areas, such as no-take marine reserves","The performance of 18 marine reserves where co-management-based measures were implemented, and their biomass was studied. Early results from Kenya's transformation toward more participatory resource governance suggest that, over time, co-management can result in significant positive outcomes for both people and ecosystems. These outcomes are not, however, uniform. Only well complied with reserves demonstrated improvements in fish biomass or coral cover. Likewise, not all resource users perceived benefits from co-management, but after 6 years, virtually no resource users felt that it was detrimental to their livelihood.",Africa,Kenya,Kenya,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2000-2010,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No,"No, indeed the example is helping marginalized groups (fishers and mama karangas) to improve the chances of achieving social–ecological sustainability.","Not, after just 6 years, there were virtually no resource users who felt that the new governance arrangement was detrimental to their livelihood",Yes,"The development of 18 community-based marine reserves represents a substantial (8%) unforeseen complement to Kenya's national marine reserve system (totaling 54.3 km2). This effort by communities to close fishing grounds on their own accord represents a substantial shift in the discourse about marine reserves in many Kenyan coastal communities. Kenya's history of government controlled marine reserves has been riddled with conflict. Indeed, the last attempt by the government to develop a national marine reserve on the south coast was abandoned due to protests that turned violent.",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"These co-management arrangements represent a major governance shift from a previously de facto open-access governance regime. These governance changes in Kenya, which were associated with a constitutional reform, provided a rare opportunity to address key questions about how transformations in fisheries governance can impact both people and ecosystem.",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"A key and surprising finding from this study is that initial perceptions among resource users that the co-management process created winners (those that benefited from co-management) and losers (those who felt it was detrimental to their livelihood) changed dramatically over time: after 6 years, there were virtually no resource users who felt that co-management was detrimental to their livelihood. The mechanisms behind this shift are unclear. It is plausible that the co-management losers were marginalized and forced out, but qualitative discussions with resource users and BMU leaders did not reveal support for this explanation. It is more likely that, after the co-management process played out for several years, resource users were better able to navigate the policy change such that it did not detract from their livelihood. However, it is important to note that this research focused on the preliminary outcomes, and these perceptions may change again with time.","Values, Changes in primary sector",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,This is an example of a transformative change focused on food.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Pesca en Verde,https://www.usc.gal/pescaenverde/es/inicio,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We provide consumers with information on the impact that fishery products have on the environment, while at the same time adding value to the products that incorporate the brand, favoring their sale in today's competitive market.","The mark is a tool to promote fishery products, in particular fresh fish, to indicate the carbon footprint and energy return rate adapted to the specific characteristics of the fishing sector. The mark involves identifying and quantifying both the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated and the energy consumed in the extractive activities of fishing vessels, port operations and distribution. The tool aimed to increase the competitiveness of products and their profitability for producers and companies, as well as the identification by consumers of those products with the best values in different environmental indicators, all of which contribute to increasing the value of those products that incorporate the guarantee mark. 
The mark also contributed to increase the sustainability of fishery resources and the societal awareness about the importance of consuming sustainable and healthy seafood products.

",Europe,Spain,Galicia,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Health, Energy",,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No.,,"No, the examples showcases positive outcomes on fishery resources and well-being of coastal fishers",Yes,"Fishers changed the fishing practices after the implementation of the certification, by fishing more sustainably, as they do not need to go to fishing high number of hours due to the higher value of species.",No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,"The example included the change of the social norms of fishers in the ports, but also the perception of society in relation to the low environmental  impacts of seafood products.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The example completely changed the beliefs and perceptions of fishers,  the administration as well as the society. Seafood products certified by Pesca en Verde now demonstrate that they have low ecological footprint and a high nutritional value for human health.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,Not applied.,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, climate change and health.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Nashulai Maasai Conservancy,https://www.equatorinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Nashulai-Case-Study-English-FNL.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Nashulai Maasai Conservancy is one of the first indigenous-managed conservancies in East Africa. Within the Republic of Kenya, the initiative represents a new model for conservation that responds to threats of species loss, cultural extinction, increasing poverty, and climate change. The conservancy was founded by the Maasai people, whose ancestors have inhabited the land for thousands of years and is led and managed by them. Among other things, the Nashulai communities are working to improve gender equality in education and leadership.","The Nashulai Maasai Conservancy is part of a region in the Republic of Kenya that is rich in biodiversity and serves as a corridor to the Serengeti for the migration of millions of mammals. Indigenous Maasai communities have lived there in balance with nature for thousands of years and have a historical and cultural connection to the region. However, they are not recognized by some outside conservation organizations that have pressured them to leave their land. This displacement has threatened their livelihoods and the transmission and continuation of indigenous conservation traditions and practices. To protect their land in the face of increasing poverty and climate change uncertainty, Maasai communities in Nashulai established one of the first indigenous conservation areas in East Africa. The goal of the Nashulai Maasai Conservancy is to restore the balance between people, wildlife, and livestock by reviving indigenous knowledge and combining it with new technologies. Since its inception, Nashulai communities have seen a remarkable return of wildlife, including threatened and endangered species.",Africa,Kenya,Nashulai,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health",,Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands,Socio-cultural region,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"The new conservation model has enabled, among other things, the return, birth, and monitoring of wildlife; the delivery of food rations to thousands of people; the prevention of human-wildlife conflict; the launch of the first program to train female rangers; the establishment of community gardens; the cleaning of rivers and planting of trees; the sexual and reproductive education of hundreds of girls; and the development of e-learning courses to share knowledge.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"Nashulai Maasai Conservancy is an official Community-Based Organization (CBO) with the Kenyan government. The initiative has political influence at the local and national levels. For example, it holds positions in regional Maasai-led associations supported by Kenya's Cabinet Secretary for Environment and Forestry. These associations include representatives from Maasai communities, ministries, conservation organizations, tourism companies, and educational institutions. The initiative also collaborates with national and regional wildlife conservation associations, where Nashulai representatives regularly participate in joint meetings and make policy recommendations. In addition, Nashulai has contributed to global assessments of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES).",,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"The initiative seeks to repair the damage these communities have suffered over the years from the displacement and commercialization of their lands, reducing natural habitat, replacing ancestral practices with less sustainable ones, overusing and degrading the land, depriving them of the economic benefits from tourism, and excluding women and girls from socioeconomic decision-making processes at the family, clan, community, and national levels.","Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Financial insecurity",,"This is an example of a successful and ongoing transformative case. The model has already been adopted by other community-based protected areas, and Nashulai has become a training center for rangers and staff. The initiative is committed to further expanding the model. The organization has planned strategic income generation programs to ensure sustainable funding.",,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The transformation of the European anchovy fishery," Beckensteiner, J.,  Villasante, S., Charles, A., Petitgas, P., Le Grand, C., Thébaud, O. (2023) Resilience for whom and according to what criteria? A systemic approach of adaptations to changes in the Bay of Biscay anchovy fishery. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (under review)",No,Not applicable,"The system has undergone important transformations following a closure of the fishery from 2005 to 2010. While the anchovy stock has recovered, the fishery system has not returned to its pre-collapse status. An overall reduction in the number of vessels targeting anchovy was observed in the three fleets with regional variability. The main two ports for French pelagic trawlers dependent on anchovy, La Turballe and Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, demonstrated completely different adaptation trajectories. In La Turballe, fishers mentioned trying new gear such as bottom trawl to target new fish and diversify their species portfolio (e.g., squids, sardines, European hake, seabass, albacore). In Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, the second most important French port of pelagic trawlers, most vessels were scrapped thanks to national decommissioning schemes – most of the time, this coincided with ship-owners reaching their retirement age. In Galicia (Spain), one of the most important region for the anchovy fishery in the country, behaviors were different. A temporary conversion was often observed in the construction industry, but with professionals coming back in the fishery once the stock had recovered, in the 2010s. In the Basque country, fishers mostly switched target species, for mackerel and bluefin tuna in particular but a gradual change in vessel performance and size (higher average gross tonnage by vessel) has been perceived over the last three decades.

The bay of Biscay anchovy used to be a valuable small pelagic resource with higher price per kilogram landed (about 2€ /kg) compared to other small pelagic fish around the world subject to reduction fisheries (fish oil and fishmeal). Market disruptions resulting from the stock collapse and the fishery moratorium are examined in Figures 8 and 9. Anchovy prices responded very dynamically to the fishery crisis. From 2000 to 2006 when anchovy supply decreased, prices rose consequently (over 300%). Exceptionally high prices were observed in 2006 in both countries (with an average at around 6 €/kg during the period 2005-2009). Indeed, the fishery reopened for a couple of weeks in 2006 and anchovy prices reached a historical maximum of 11.3 €/kg in the Basque country and was even reported being as high as 14 €/kg in France. After the crisis, the system shifted to a new regime; real prices came back to their levels of the early 2000s in France from 2010 to 2016, but continued falling in Spain, and remained lower than average after 2017 in both countries.

Overall, imports of fresh products by Spain decreased over the period, while imports of preserved anchovies saw a marked increase, reaching 10,000 tons in 2021. Responses to our survey highlighted two phenomena that explain this increase in canned product imports. First, Spanish industries established long-term contracts with new import sources. Second, Spanish industries delocalized their production activities, particularly in Morocco: 80% of the anchovy (the largest anchovy, <30 ind./kg) remains in the factories of the Basque Country and Cantabria; the rest of the anchovy (the smallest anchovy, >45 ind./kg) goes to Morocco, and small processing plants had to close, bigger ones were relocated in Morocco because labor cost is five times cheaper there.

Such retrospective analysis can serve as a basis for understanding the long-term responses to important changes in fisheries social-ecological systems, and identifying the role of governance mechanisms in supporting adaptations that maintain sustainable fishery systems in the face of future shocks. 
",Europe,Spain and France,Bay of Biscay,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Decades,,Fisheries,,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),Among countries,More than 1000,More than 1000,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,,I don't know,I don´t know,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,No change,No change,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,,"Yes, I add here again the main winners and losers of the fishery transformation. An overall reduction in the number of vessels targeting anchovy was observed in the three fleets with regional variability. The main two ports for French pelagic trawlers dependent on anchovy, La Turballe and Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, demonstrated completely different adaptation trajectories. In La Turballe, fishers mentioned trying new gear such as bottom trawl to target new fish and diversify their species portfolio (e.g., squids, sardines, European hake, seabass, albacore). In Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, the second most important French port of pelagic trawlers, most vessels were scrapped thanks to national decommissioning schemes – most of the time, this coincided with ship-owners reaching their retirement age. In Galicia (Spain), one of the most important region for the anchovy fishery in the country, behaviors were different. A temporary conversion was often observed in the construction industry, but with professionals coming back in the fishery once the stock had recovered, in the 2010s. In the Basque country, fishers mostly switched target species, for mackerel and bluefin tuna in particular but a gradual change in vessel performance and size (higher average gross tonnage by vessel) has been perceived over the last three decades.

The bay of Biscay anchovy used to be a valuable small pelagic resource with higher price per kilogram landed (about 2€ /kg) compared to other small pelagic fish around the world subject to reduction fisheries (fish oil and fishmeal). Market disruptions resulting from the stock collapse and the fishery moratorium are examined in Figures 8 and 9. Anchovy prices responded very dynamically to the fishery crisis. From 2000 to 2006 when anchovy supply decreased, prices rose consequently (over 300%). Exceptionally high prices were observed in 2006 in both countries (with an average at around 6 €/kg during the period 2005-2009). Indeed, the fishery reopened for a couple of weeks in 2006 and anchovy prices reached a historical maximum of 11.3 €/kg in the Basque country and was even reported being as high as 14 €/kg in France. After the crisis, the system shifted to a new regime; real prices came back to their levels of the early 2000s in France from 2010 to 2016, but continued falling in Spain, and remained lower than average after 2017 in both countries.

Overall, imports of fresh products by Spain decreased over the period, while imports of preserved anchovies saw a marked increase, reaching 10,000 tons in 2021. Responses to our survey highlighted two phenomena that explain this increase in canned product imports. First, Spanish industries established long-term contracts with new import sources. Second, Spanish industries delocalized their production activities, particularly in Morocco: 80% of the anchovy (the largest anchovy, <30 ind./kg) remains in the factories of the Basque Country and Cantabria; the rest of the anchovy (the smallest anchovy, >45 ind./kg) goes to Morocco, and small processing plants had to close, bigger ones were relocated in Morocco because labor cost is five times cheaper there.
","Yes. In this shared stock fishery, research surveys, evaluation methods and recommendations from French and Spanish scientists are critical to TAC recommendations. The timing of the TAC recommendation is decisive but is susceptible of creating inequalities among countries' fleets due to the marked seasonality in the fishery.",No.,Yes,"Regarding stock response, while stock abundance would usually be considered a key performance metric to measure stock recovery, our survey shows that we also need to consider the condition of fish and fish size distribution, as these are important characteristics for the fishery, in terms of both fishing operations and fish prices. Thus, despite restored biological abundance, the anchovy biomass in the Bay of Biscay has not recovered the characteristics that made its harvesting economically viable pre-collapse. An overall reduction in the number of vessels targeting anchovy was observed in the three fleets with regional variability. The strongest negative impact was for the French pelagic trawlers with a decrease of about 70% of the fleet according to stakeholder’s perceptions. The combination of the change in the biological resource with a loss of market access is perceived as the main cause of the downfall, leading (sometimes) to scrapping vessels, with the assistance in some cases of emergency Community measures (Council Regulation  EC No. 2370/2002). The basque purse seiner fleet reduced its size by 40 % from 2001 to 2009. However, public aids were available for the renewal of fishing vessels until 2004 (Council Regulation EC No. 2798/1999) as well as. 

In terms of fleet adaptation strategies, specific changes were observed  according to gear, location and ports . Beyond changes in the number of boats, fishing activity has also been transformed (e.g., season, targeted species, gear), especially for French purse seiners for which total effort targeting anchovy remained low after the crisis, as most vessels switched main target species. For example, the purse seiner fleet located in Douarnenez, Brittany grew (in particular via the sale of vessels sold from the Saint-Jean de Luz area, in the South of France) and intensified their effort on sardine with ensuing pressure on a stock which has also been impacted by environmental change in recent years. The main two ports for French pelagic trawlers dependent on anchovy, La Turballe and Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, demonstrated completely different adaptation trajectories. In La Turballe, fishers mentioned trying new gear such as bottom trawl to target new fish and diversify their species portfolio (e.g., squids, sardines, European hake, seabass, albacore). In Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, the second most important French port of pelagic trawlers, most vessels were scrapped thanks to national decommissioning schemes – most of the time, this coincided with ship-owners reaching their retirement age. 

In Galicia (Spain), one of the most important region for the anchovy fishery in the country, behaviors were different. A temporary conversion was often observed in the construction industry, but with professionals coming back in the fishery once the stock had recovered, in the 2010s. In the Basque country, fishers mostly switched target species, for mackerel and bluefin tuna in particular but a gradual change in vessel performance and size (higher average gross tonnage by vessel) has been perceived over the last three decades. While there was also a reduction in the Spanish purse seiner fleet, it seems that there were fewer scrapped boats overall and Spanish fishing industries seem to have been more robust to changes.


",,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,N/A,"The anchovy catches in the Bay of Biscay  declined from almost 85,000 tons in the mid-60s to less than 4,500 tons in 1982 after two subsequent drastic declines. Following a similar pattern already reported for other species under the Common Fisheries Policy, TACs started to be exceeded with the development of the pelagic trawler fleet in France. Although setting TACs above those advised by the ICES does not necessarily mean that stocks are being overfished, ICES advised to reduce the TAC for the anchovy to 10,000 tons in 1989. Besides, the scientists advised to reduce fishing mortality on juveniles from 1993 to 1999, as well as close a fishing area with high abundance of 1-year anchovy off the mouth of the river Gironde. But the TAC was kept between 30,000 and 33,000 tons. Despite historically low levels of catches, the TAC was not changed. This illustrates  an apparent mismatch at the time between the general scientific advice which tried to significantly reduce the fishing mortality and political decisions regarding management which demonstrated a certain inertia towards TAC modification. Over the same period, the anchovy stock experienced large inter-annual fluctuations in abundance mainly caused by recruitment variability, driven by environmental factors. Recruitment was low from 2001, and in 2005 was classified as a recruitment failure year. While the stock had started to decline from 2000 onwards, it collapsed by 2005 due to its extremely poor condition, due to this combination of successive recruitment failures and changes in environmental conditions.In response, a fishing moratorium was established from June 2005 to 2010. With respect to stock assessment and advisory processes, while inertia in management decision-making had been observed before the moratorium (the harvest control rule was fixed), the fishery has evolved towards a more effective science-based management. The fishery was reopened in 2010 and the moratorium triggered a change in the management scheme with the development of a long-term management plan and TAC set according to Harvest Control Rules (HCR). From 2010 to 2014, the TAC was established for the period between July 1st and June 30th the following year, based on the current year spring surveys and assessment. This plan was based on a precautionary approach with a Blim set to 21,000 tons. The management plan was revised in 2014: there were important changes in the assessment methodology with the inclusion of a recruitment index from JUVENA  allowing to move the management calendar from July-June to January-December. The STECF noted that changing the management period to January–December reduced the biological risks of the stock falling below Blim and reduced the probability of fishery closure. The information on recruits entering the population in the management year reduces the probability of fishery closure by ~25%, as well as led to a small increase in the quantity and stability of catches (~15%), compared with the management period from July–June.",None,No information available to me,,"Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Market interactions",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,"An overall reduction in the number of vessels targeting anchovy was observed in the three fleets with regional variability. The main two ports for French pelagic trawlers dependent on anchovy, La Turballe and Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, demonstrated completely different adaptation trajectories. In La Turballe, fishers mentioned trying new gear such as bottom trawl to target new fish and diversify their species portfolio (e.g., squids, sardines, European hake, seabass, albacore). In Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie, the second most important French port of pelagic trawlers, most vessels were scrapped thanks to national decommissioning schemes – most of the time, this coincided with ship-owners reaching their retirement age. In Galicia (Spain), one of the most important region for the anchovy fishery in the country, behaviors were different. A temporary conversion was often observed in the construction industry, but with professionals coming back in the fishery once the stock had recovered, in the 2010s. In the Basque country, fishers mostly switched target species, for mackerel and bluefin tuna in particular but a gradual change in vessel performance and size (higher average gross tonnage by vessel) has been perceived over the last three decades.

The bay of Biscay anchovy used to be a valuable small pelagic resource with higher price per kilogram landed (about 2€ /kg) compared to other small pelagic fish around the world subject to reduction fisheries (fish oil and fishmeal). Market disruptions resulting from the stock collapse and the fishery moratorium are examined in Figures 8 and 9. Anchovy prices responded very dynamically to the fishery crisis. From 2000 to 2006 when anchovy supply decreased, prices rose consequently (over 300%). Exceptionally high prices were observed in 2006 in both countries (with an average at around 6 €/kg during the period 2005-2009). Indeed, the fishery reopened for a couple of weeks in 2006 and anchovy prices reached a historical maximum of 11.3 €/kg in the Basque country and was even reported being as high as 14 €/kg in France. After the crisis, the system shifted to a new regime; real prices came back to their levels of the early 2000s in France from 2010 to 2016, but continued falling in Spain, and remained lower than average after 2017 in both countries.

Overall, imports of fresh products by Spain decreased over the period, while imports of preserved anchovies saw a marked increase, reaching 10,000 tons in 2021. Responses to our survey highlighted two phenomena that explain this increase in canned product imports. First, Spanish industries established long-term contracts with new import sources. Second, Spanish industries delocalized their production activities, particularly in Morocco: 80% of the anchovy (the largest anchovy, <30 ind./kg) remains in the factories of the Basque Country and Cantabria; the rest of the anchovy (the smallest anchovy, >45 ind./kg) goes to Morocco, and small processing plants had to close, bigger ones were relocated in Morocco because labor cost is five times cheaper there.
","To our knowledge, only few studies have evaluated the social and economic outcomes of a moratorium considering the entire fishery SES, including the processing industries and markets. The anchovy fishery SES thus appears as an insightful example of the short- and long-term socioeconomic negative impacts that could emanate from a fishery closure. Indeed, management measures here have focused on reducing fishing effort and rebuilding the stock biomass, but did not consider the market and processing industries, which have faced severe economic and social challenges. Besides, in this fishery, the quality of the fish (size, fat content) and its catchability (mix) are primordial for the market but are not yet taken into account in scientific evaluations and TAC recommendations. Given their importance for the sustainability of the SES, one could argue that stock-based management advice better account for fish condition. Furthermore, unable to pursue anchovy, French purse seiners turned to sardines, pelagic trawlers turned to albacore and sea bass, while Spanish purse seiners compensated essentially with mackerel and tuna. These fisheries have been affected by this fishing effort displacement, especially, sea bass. Further coordination of the anchovy TAC setting with the development of long-term management plans for other pelagic fish, taking into account the dynamics of these different components of the pelagic system, seem key to meet the objectives of ecosystem-based fisheries management. While, in this case study, fishers who have resisted to the crisis seem to have diversified their catch portfolio (at least the Spanish purse seiners and the French pelagic trawlers) and become more multi-species dependent. Preserving the fish resource within its biological limits has had long-lasting cascading effects in the fishing fleets, the sector and international markets. Social and economic indicators can help understand the global responses of the system. The governance objectives of this system may include resilience for some components while accompanying strategic transformation in other components. The identification of strategic socio-economic objectives for the SES, and their alignment with the management objectives set for managing the fisheries, seem indispensable in order to sustain resilient fisheries systems and assess management performance within an integrated policy framework.
","No, this is something to avoid",,,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Mujeres y ambiente,https://www.equatorinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Mujeres-y-Ambiente-Case-Study-Spanish-r1.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Mujeres y Ambiente is a group of 8 women of different ages and interests who have come together to improve conditions in people's homes. Through their actions, they seek to empower themselves while creating skills and income opportunities that improve the family economy by sustainably using resources.","The group, whose origins lie in concern for the environment and mitigation of climate change, has been fundamental in preserving the traditional knowledge of local communities and applying environmentally friendly agricultural practices. There is a major problem with water scarcity, soil degradation, low yields, lack of seeds, and overgrazing in the region. These reasons have led the group to learn the use of new technologies to help solve these problems. In addition, they have played a key role in empowering women. Due to migration in search of work, regional communities are mainly represented by women, who must take the lead in finding better conditions for their homes. The group's work has also made it possible to create job and training opportunities that were particularly affected by the pandemic, which led to the closure of local markets and educational tourism. Most importantly, their actions have led them to develop initiatives such as a project on access and benefit sharing, one of the first global experiences of full compliance with the Nagoya Protocol in the cosmetics industry.",America,Mexico,Querétaro,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Health, Industry",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,Between 10 to 100,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"Activities around environmental issues focus on the dynamic use of degraded land and local biodiversity, including the establishment of nurseries to produce valuable native plants. Tasks include growing and harvesting vegetables, seeds, and medicinal and aromatic plants through practices that do not disrupt or contaminate the structure and functioning of the environment. Animal and honey production is also a priority. People interested in natural resource management and responsible production techniques are actively trained, and sustainable land management with a watershed approach has been achieved. The group seeks to help communities in degraded areas, some of which fall within the Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands Biodiversity Hotspot. Thanks to support from these initiatives, new projects have been launched that address family nutrition by promoting bio-intensive vegetable gardens, vermiculture and water purification, and microenterprise creation and development. Training has also enabled the creation of jobs for women community promoters and cooks.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"The work of Mujeres y Ambiente has influenced policy at the national level through its participation in the Nagoya Protocol project. The initiative was supported and implemented by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in Mexico in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT) and funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). Mujeres y Ambiente's work supports the implementation of several multilateral agreements that promote natural resource conservation and sustainable development, including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,"The group's vision and the message behind all its initiatives aim to promote women's participation in activities related to the care and use of their natural heritage and fair and local trade. For example, their efforts have led to the creation of a local beauty and cosmetics brand that offers a wide range of products based on sustainability principles. The goal is to achieve an economic return that will allow participants to improve their quality of life and maintain a united community that cares for its natural resources and local knowledge. All decisions are made collectively by the members of the organization, but the goal is to grow beyond the group by sustaining and creating new agreements among people, communities, public and private institutions, and other organizations.","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,No,"This is an example of successful transformative change. The group's work has inspired other communities to replicate the experience and receive training. These connections are leading to communities being integrated into broader value chains based on biodiversity and its sustainable use. The benefits are already showing up as business opportunities, jobs, research, technology transfer, and capacity building. However, to continue this successful outcome, more workspace and adequate facilities with the capacity to construct job-creating microenterprises are essential.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante ,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The European Union’s Public Fishing Access Agreements in Africa,"Le Manach F, Chaboud C, Copeland D, Cury P, Gascuel D, Kleisner KM, et al. (2013) European Union’s Public Fishing Access Agreements in Developing Countries. PLoS ONE 8(11): e79899. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079899; Pauly D, Belhabib D, Blomeyer R, Cheung WWL, Cisneros-Montemayor AM, et al.. (2013) China’s distant-water fisheries in the 21st century. Fish and Fisheries doi: 10.1111/faf.12032; Kaczynski VM, Fluharty DL (2002) European policies in West Africa: who benefits from fisheries agreements? Marine Policy 26: 75–93; Le Manach F, Andriamahefazafy M, Harper S, Harris A, Hosch G, et al. (2013) Who gets what? Developing a more equitable framework for EU fishing agreements. Marine Policy 38: 257–266; Gascuel D, Zeller D, Taleb Sidi MO, Pauly D (2007) Reconstructed catches in the Mauritanian EEZ. In: Zeller D, Pauly D, editors. Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for key countries and regions (1950–2005). Vancouver (Canada): Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia. 105–119; Gascuel D, Labrosse P, Meissa B, Taleb Sidi MO, Guénette S (2007) Decline of demersal resources in North-West Africa: an analysis of Mauritanian trawl survey data over the last 25 years. African Journal of Marine Sciences 29: 331–345; Le Manach F, Gough C, Harris A, Humber F, Harper S, et al. (2012) Unreported fishing, hungry people and political turmoil: the recipe for a food security crisis in Madagascar? Marine Policy 36: 218–225; https://adf-magazine.com/2023/03/six-west-african-countries-account-for-20-of-worlds-illegally-caught-fish/",No,N/A,"The number of European public fishing access agreements steeply increased after the implementation of the Common Fisheries Policy in 1983, from two during the 1980–1983 period (Senegal and Guinea-Bissau) to 16 in 1991. Subsequently, their numbers have mostly oscillated between 12 and 16. Since 2010, however, the total number of agreements steadily decreased to nine, notably because of difficulties to approve (e.g., Morocco, Micronesia) or renew some of them (e.g., Mauritius, Senegal), but also due to political instability (e.g., agreement with Guinea suspended in 2009). Their number is currently increasing again, as evidenced by the recent number of renewals and hints about new agreements being negotiated. EU has subsidized these agreements at an average of 75% of their cost (financial contribution agreed upon in the agreements), while private European business interests paid the equivalent of 1.5% of the value of the fish that was eventually landed. This raises questions of fisheries benefit-sharing and resource-use equity that the EU has the potential to address during the nearly completed reform of its Common Fisheries Policy.
 (Le Manach et al. (2013) https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0079899#s3.

As a result of the historical presence of the EU fishing fleet and the new activities of the Chinese fleets recently, West Africa now is considered the world’s epicenter for IUU fishing, which steals an estimated $2.3 billion to $9.4 billion annually from local governments. The continent loses $11.5 billion annually to illegal fishing, according to the Financial Transparency Coalition.",Africa,"Cabo Verde, Ivory Coast, Sao Tomé e Principe, Gabon, Cook Islands, Seychelles, Mauritius, Madagascar, Morocco, Senegal and The Gambia","The EU has currently 13 SFPAs protocols in force with third countries  10 tuna agreements: Cabo Verde, Ivory Coast, Sao Tomé e Principe, Gabon, Cook Islands, Seychelles, Mauritius, Madagascar, Senegal and The Gambia (with a hake component for the last two) 3 mixed agreements: Greenland, Mauritania and  Guinea-Bissau",Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,,Public sector,,1980-1990,Yes,Several agreements are still ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,"Between 100 to 1,000",Over a million,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,No change,Large negative effect,I don't know,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,I don't know,,Large negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,I don't know,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,I don't know,,n/a.,"Yes. The coastal region of West Africa has long been considered one of the most fertile fishing regions on the planet. As such, in many of the region's coastal communities, fishing stands out as a vital component of the surrounding ecosystem critical to the economic activities of the citizens. However, recurrent overfishing by illegal foreign vessels is not only hampering the area's sources of income and food security. Over the past few years, the widespread plundering of local fishing grounds by foreign trawlers engaged in illegal fishing continues unabated, leaving indelible marks on the communities. Considering the implications, the current fishing crisis, which has reached monumental proportions, is fast becoming a regional tragedy that must be addressed, otherwise prosperity in West Africa could be elusive. All this at the expense of the local population, leading not only to greater inequity in access to marine resources, but also forcing men or even entire families to emigrate, especially to European countries. Merem et al. (2019) http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.food.20190901.01.html","Although the official objetive is to promote sustainable fisheries in Africa, the reality is that fishery cooperation agreements with the Sub-Saharan West African coastal states are considered by the European Union as purely commercial deals that are designed to maximize access to coastal state fishery resources, secure employment for European harvesting and processing industries and supply European seafood consumption markets at the lowest possible cost. Kaczynski and Fluharty (2002) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X01000392",Yes,See description below.,"Although there were improvements in some aspects of these agreements (through clauses related to monitoring, local processing, and employment of local crew), the main objective of these agreements remains the same: extract fishery resources to mostly export to rich countries, with negative consequences on marine biodiversity, livelihoods and nutritional diets based on seafood for the population of Africa.","Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,,"The EU's lack of vision to really develop sustainable and equitable fisheries in Africa, and the use of fisheries agreements as a cooperation mechanism when in reality it has been nothing more than an instrument to access Africa's marine resources at low cost.
","Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Yes, EU view that they can access fishery resources in Africa to satisfy the EU demand of marine protein, while this protein is critical for the nutrition, diet and development of coastal populations in Africa.","Migration, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,The ones identified in Q23a. All of these challenges have been exacerbating the current unsustainable practices of fishing within and outside the EEZ of African countries.,"Over the past few years, the EU has reiterated its wish to fish more sustainably and equitably  but also to expand its network of tuna agreements with African, Caribbean and Pacific countries. Sizeable improvements have already been achieved since the first agreements, for example, through clauses related to monitoring, local processing, and employment of local crew. Most of these improvements occurred with the shift from ‘fishing agreements’ to ‘fisheries partnership agreements’ in 2004. However, much remains to be done with the creation of ‘sustainable fisheries agreements’ in the context of the 2012–2014 reform of the Common Fisheries Policy. If the EU intends to honor its stated goals, it needs to ensure that its fishing agreements (and subsequent EU fleet behaviour) are equitable, fair, enforced, and do not jeopardize the health of fish resources, or artificially channel benefits towards EU industrial beneficiaries. 

Currently, about 20% of illegally caught fish worldwide comes from waters near The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Senegal and Sierra Leone. This is because of the presence of the Chinese fleet, the new actor coming to these waters during the last decade, which is transforming not only the African waters but also the global fisheries sector. Most of the fish are caught by vessels from China, which commands the world’s largest distant-water fishing fleet and holds the world’s worst illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing record.","No, this is something to avoid",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,"Building climate resilience, social sustainability and equity  in global fisheries","Prellezo, R., Da-Rocha, J.M., Palomares, M.L.D. et al. Building climate resilience, social sustainability and equity in global fisheries. npj Ocean Sustain 2, 10 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44183-023-00017-7","Yes, and the vision is explicit","Although the Paris Agreement establishes targets to limit global warming -including carbon market mechanisms-, little research has been done on developing operational tools to achieve them. To cover this gap, the authors use CO2 permit markets towards a market-based solutions (MBS) scheme to implement blue carbon climate targets for global fisheries. The scheme creates a scarcity value for the right to not sequester blue carbon, generating an asset of carbon sequestration allowances based on historical landings which are considered as initial allowances. The authors use the scheme to identify fishing activities that could be reduced because they are biologically negative, economically inefficient, and socially unequitable. The paper computes the annual willingness to sequester carbon considering CO2e trading price for 2022 and the social cost of carbon dioxide (SC-CO2), for years 2025, 2030 and 2050. The application of the MBS scheme will result in 0.122 Gt CO2e sequestered or US$66 billion of potential benefits per year when considering 2050 SC-CO2. The latter also implies that if CO2e trading prices reach the 2050 social cost of carbon, around 75% of the landings worldwide would be more valuable as carbon than as foodstuff in the market. The findings provide the global economy and policy makers with an alternative for the fisheries sector, which grapples with the complexity to find alternatives to reallocate invested capital. They also provide a potential solution to make climate resilience, social sustainability and equity of global fisheries real, scientific and practical for a wide range of social-ecological and political contexts.
","Although the Paris Agreement establishes targets to limit global warming -including carbon market mechanisms-, little research has been done on developing operational tools to achieve them. To cover this gap, we use CO2 permit markets towards a market-based solutions (MBS) scheme to implement blue carbon climate targets for global fisheries. The scheme creates a scarcity value for the right to not sequester blue carbon, generating an asset of carbon sequestration allowances based on historical landings which are considered as initial allowances. We use the scheme to identify fishing activities that could be reduced because they are biologically negative, economically inefficient, and socially unequitable. We compute the annual willingness to sequester carbon considering CO2e trading price for 2022 and the social cost of carbon dioxide (SC-CO2), for years 2025, 2030 and 2050. The application of the MBS scheme will result in 0.122 Gt CO2e sequestered or US$66 billion of potential benefits per year when considering 2050 SC-CO2. The latter also implies that if CO2e trading prices reach the 2050 social cost of carbon, around 75% of the landings worldwide would be more valuable as carbon than as foodstuff in the market. Our findings provide the global economy and policy makers with an alternative for the fisheries sector, which grapples with the complexity to find alternatives to reallocate invested capital. They also provide a potential solution to make climate resilience, social sustainability and equity of global fisheries real, scientific and practical for a wide range of social-ecological and political contexts.
",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,Research grant,"This research belongs to the EQUALSEA (Transformative adaptation towards ocean equity) project, under the European Horizon 2020 Program, ERC Consolidator (Grant Agreement # 101002784) funded by the European Research Council.",2010-2023,Yes,Still not in force,Will start in the future,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,More than 1000,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,"Beyond efficiency, economic inequalities are among the most pressing challenges of our times. Furthermore, disagreement over the equity principles persists. Therefore, in this paper we test whether the Market Based Solution (MBS) proposed suggests distributional effects of the ocean benefits, by describing the countries favoured or not, and computing the overall equity change of these benefits before and after implementing the MBS. The paper shows how it is possible to reallocate fishing activities with a social and/or market(s) negative balance. Therefore, the study concludes that the inclusion of the fishing industry in a carbon trading scheme, considering in a non-exclusive way the blue carbon concept, induces a more climate resilient, socially efficient, and equitably balanced fishing activity.
",n/a,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"This paper focuses on the fish carbon mechanism: the uptake of atmospheric carbon into the ocean facilitated by marine vertebrates and the transport of carbon from the ocean surface to deep waters and sediments. Marine vertebrates store carbon in the ocean as biomass throughout their natural lifetimes, with larger individuals storing proportionally greater amounts over prolonged timescales. The work presented here concentrates on the full biomass carbon storage of all marine fishes (i.e., blue carbon).
Little research has been done in developing universal operational tools to reach the benefits of achieving the PA climate targets. This paper addresses this issue, showing how the provisions of the PA can be stepped up by using a Market Based Solution (MBS), that is, the opportunity cost of producing one ecosystem service (food provisioning) through its effect on carbon sequestration (climate regulation)13. The MBS scheme of this paper builds a supply curve which represents willingness to reduce fishing, derived from the shadow prices created by entering fisheries into a carbon trade mechanism. It is based on an economic logic of inducing a scarcity value for the right to fish, creating an asset in the form of carbon allowances. This shadow price comes from imposing a price to the fishing fleet’s “de facto” blue carbon initial allowances, calculated as the carbon stored in the fish landed over time. That is, an explicit opportunity cost of fishing from the climate targets perspective is created, although any other trade-off could be considered (e.g., nutritional properties of food or any other ecosystem service). This work builds on computing the fish withdrawal price at which fishing fleets have neutral decisions on whether to fish or to trade their blue carbon allowances. For first sale prices lower than the withdrawal price, fishing fleets will decide not to go fishing, but rather, trade their carbon allowances in the market. The reverse is true for first sale prices higher than the withdrawal price.
",n/a,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The paper proposes the internalisation of shadow prices for harvested fishes calculated through their blue carbon content, while economic efficiency is obtained by allowing the trade of CO2e allowances. This scheme provides the global economy with an alternative for the fisheries sector, which grapples with the complexity to find alternatives to reallocate invested capital. It also induces reducing (over)fishing and contributes to build climate resilience and a more equitable distribution of income from the oceans. The internalisation of the climate effect of fisheries (considering only the blue carbon) would imply a 22%-increase of the average ex-vessel prices worldwide if 2050 climate targets are considered.
","Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production, States, Global coordination",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Other",Impacts of climate change ,N/A,This is a new transformative change recently proposed but still not in force.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Illuminating Hidden Harvest of Small-Scale Fisheries,https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cc4576en,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Illuminating Hidden Harvests is a global initiative of FAO, Duke University, and WorldFish to generate and disseminate new evidence about the benefits, interactions and impacts of small-scale fisheries to inform policy and practice. The initiative helps to inform all levels of policy-making processes and contributes to empowering fishing communities, their organizations, and advocates to make a strong case for productive, sustainable and equitable small-scale fisheries.","In many instances, small-scale fishery activities are informal and not counted. And because small-scale fisheries are diverse and dispersed, fully measuring their contributions is difficult. Often, information on small-scale fisheries (such as catch, employment, nutritional contribution, and governance arrangements) is not included nor disaggregated in official statistics—neither is it explicitly accounted for when designing national, regional, and global policies. As long as data on small-scale fisheries remains “hidden”, they will continue to be marginalized in policy-making processes, decision making and management. The study ""Illuminating Hidden Harvests: the contributions of small-scale fisheries to sustainable development"" uncovers the contributions and impacts of small-scale fisheries through a multidisciplinary approach to data collection and analysis. The study provides information that quantifies and improves understanding of the crucial role of small-scale fisheries in the areas of food security and nutrition, sustainable livelihoods, poverty eradication and healthy ecosystems. The study shows that small-scale fisheries account for at least 40 percent
of the global catch from capture fisheries and provide employment across the value chain for an estimated 60.2 million people, about 90 percent of the total number employed in fisheries globally. The economic value of these fisheries, however, is only a part of their importance: for example, nearly 53 million additional people were estimated to be engaged in subsistence activities in 2016. Rightly considered from a holistic and integrated perspective, small-scale fisheries define the livelihoods, nutrition and culture of a substantial and diverse segment of humankind.",Global,Global,Global,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Potentially yes, the study provides for the first time new estimates of the contribution of SSF to global employment, catches and nutrition. However, there are still important aspects which have not been fully covered such as power imbalances between users in coastal communities (e.g. fishers and women, Indigenous peoples)","Not explicitly. The study does not provide estimates or analysis about the sustainability (status of fish stocks harvested by SSF) and recognitional, procedural, and distributional equity SSF.",n/a.,Yes,"In the way that SSF have been able to generate a change towards sustainable fishing practices, in particular by using co-management systems.",n/a,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,The IHH initiative supports the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication and progress towards the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.,n/a,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,"The study provides new insights about the real importance of SSF globally, and it is helping substantially to change the view of SSF as an activity with low economic, social and cultural importance.","Values, Changes in primary sector, States",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,n/a,"This is an example of a change with high transformative potential, with focus on food, health and climate change.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Small-Scale Fisheries Academy,"https://www.mundusmaris.org/index.php/en/projects/proj2019/2255-1pilot-en, S. Jentoft et al. (eds.), Blue Justice, MARE Publication Series 26, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89624-9_32, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.730396/full, https://www.mundusmaris.org/index.php/en/projects/2021/2572-v2v-oct21, https://www.mundusmaris.org/index.php/en/projects/2021/2529-casa-en, https://www.mundusmaris.org/index.php/en/projects/2022/2677-ssf-summit-en, https://www.mundusmaris.org/index.php/en/projects/2022/2678-malta-en, https://www.mundusmaris.org/index.php/en/projects/2022/2705-capetown-en, https://www.mundusmaris.org/index.php/en/projects/2022/2671-stage-en","Yes, and the vision is explicit","To provide scientific and relevant indigenous knowledge and encourage artistic expression about the sea in order to promote its restoration, conservation and sustainable use, to further the study, understanding and respect of aquatic ecosystems and associated biological and cultural diversity.

","This is a case with transformative potential because it is using diverse artistic expressions to make small-scale fisheries visible and relevant for coastal communities around the world andd helping (i) to encourage and promote the valuation of fishing communities' social capital and cultural heritage in pursuit of sustainable relations with the sea and the coast, including through exhibitions and other forms of communication; (ii) to encourage artistic expression in response to scientific knowledge reflecting diverse ways of 'knowing' and articulating such knowledge, (iii) to encourage the development of didactic tools for education and self-training, and (iv) to promote a better recognition of indigenous knowledge in the pursuit of the transition towards sustainability by encouraging active collaboration between researcher, artists, teachers, students and local communities.
",Global,Global,Global,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,"They are scientists, artists, school teachers, concerned parents from different regions of the world, joining forces to promote transitions towards sustainability values and practices as well as human and dignified lives.",Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,Over a million,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,,n/a,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Other",Yes,In the way that social norms (rules that define acceptable and appropriate actions within a given group or community) are guiding fishers towards sustainable practices in coastal communities by using art and education.,n/a,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,"They are scientists, artists, school teachers, concerned parents from different regions of the world, joining forces to promote transitions towards sustainability values and practices as well as human and dignified lives for people who work on small-scale fisheries","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector",,"Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Other",Marginalization of small-scale fisheries in educational systems,n/a,This is an example of a change with high transformative potential on food for people who depend on small-scale fishing activities.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The fish meal and oil industry,"Failler P., Binet T. (2010). Les Pêcheurs migrants sénégalais : réfugiés climatiques et écologiques. Hommes Migrations 1284, 98–111. doi: 10.4000/hommesmigrations.1250;Corten A., Braham C. B., Sadegh A. S. (2017). The development of a fishmeal industry in Mauritania and its impact on the regional stocks of sardinella and other small pelagics in Northwest Africa. Fish. Res. 186, 328–336. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.10.009;Cashion, T. et al. (2016) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/faf.12209;https://www.cffacape.org/news-blog/fishmeal-and-fish-oil-production-in-west-africa-destroys-the-regions-resources-to-the-benefit-of-foreign-countries;https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.871911/full",No,n/a,"As the agriculture and aquaculture industries increase their demand for fishmeal and fish oil, it has become a growing market for fisheries. In fact, seven of the world’s top ten fisheries (by volume) target forage—also known as low trophic level—fish, 90 percent of which are processed into fishmeal and fish oil. Over the six decades from 1950 to 2010, 27% or ~20 million t per year, on average, of global commercial marine landings were directed to uses other than direct human consumption. Unsurprisingly, the two countries (Peru and Chile) that have the world’s largest single-species reduction fishery utilizing Peruvian anchoveta are also the largest producers of fish for fishmeal, making South America the world’s leading fishmeal producing region. In addition, catches of small pelagics are becoming an increasingly large share of the total catch from 2009 to 201810 in West Africa (in particular in Mauritania, Senegal and the Gambia). In West Africa, there is an increased pressure on small pelagic stocks, including the over-exploited sardinella, due to the expansion of the fishmeal and fish oil industry across the region. To get one kilo of fishmeal, more than 5 kgs of small pelagics are needed. Some artisanal fishermen sell their catches to the factories because they can obtain a better price. In the Senegal fishing town Kayar, an enquiry from the NGO natural Justice showed that a fishmeal factory is buying the basket of fish at 5000 FCFA, multiplying by five the price women fish processors paid before. According to locals, the installation of the fishmeal plants in Kayar has led to several hundred women artisanal fish processors losing their job. Food security is also affected: as the FAO report underscores, in 2020 in Senegal, the gap in fish demand was estimated at about 150,000 tonnes. This industry is further endangering local populations, as the discharge of waste waters and smoke are causing respiratory problems and skin diseases. The consumer market for small pelagic fish is also absorbing less and less pelagic fish to the benefit of industrial processing (unfit for consumption), which is constantly growing. The primary consequence of this is an overall drop in the consumption of small pelagic fish per person in most of the countries.",Global,Global,Global,,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1980-1990,Yes,still ongoing,Years,n/a,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Other",Aquaculture,"Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Country,More than 1000,Over a million,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,I don't know,,Large negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Large negative effect,I don't know,,"Yes. Harvesting key species for the functioning of marine ecosystems (called keystone species) is not only reducing the resilience of coastal ecosystems but also the livelihoods  of million of people in the planet. Conversely, the main beneficiaries are companies localized in the developed world who harvest the species for not human consumption, namely destined to feed agriculture and aquaculture industries.","Yes, the sustainability of forage fish stocks, specially in developing countries of South America and West Africa, have been declining due to the impacts of distant fishing fleet from rich nations on coastal communities. Concentration of fishing rights in multinational companies to harvest these forage species have been also growing, generating a higher inequality in the distribution of resources' benefits, where small-scale fishers are  the main losers. ","Yes. The official rhetoric is that the industry is basically producing food, while the real outcomes are quite different, negatively affecting people from the developing world.",Yes,n/a,"The practices that have been failed are the harvest of marine ecosystems for not human consumption, the opacity of the industry in reporting basic data such as production and trade, and its impact on the communities where it is located.","Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,n/a,"Policies and laws to regulate the fish meal and oil industry were not sufficiently effective not only in including the sustainability of forage fish stocks in the objectives of the industry, but also in defining appropriate ecological, economic, social and institutional indicators to adequately monitor the activity.",Cross-sectoral cooperation,Yes,"In the essential way that society needs to reconsider the fact that small pelagics which are destined to the fish meal and oil industry, have been recently included in the top 7 categories of most nutrient-rich animal-source foods.","Migration, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Global coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",n/a,"Basically to consider small pelagics as key sources of nutritional value for the health of people in developing countries. Indeed, Golden, C. D. et al. (2021) Nature (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03917-1) recently documented that the top 7 categories of most nutrient-rich animal-source foods are all aquatic foods, including pelagic fishes, bivalves (clams, mussels and oysters), cephalopods and salmonids.
","This is an undesirable global example a transformative change for food, climate and health.","No, this is something to avoid",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Porto de Muiños - Algae commercialization,https://www.portomuinos.com/nosotros/#historia,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",We dive into the underwater forests to understand them and get algae to take their place in the daily diet.,"The presence of algae on the coast of Galicia has traditionally been seen as a problem not only for the development of shellfishing and artisanal fishing, but also for tourists visiting the beaches. The company has been able to convert the previously wasted seaweed into a seafood product for human consumption with high nutritional value.  Harvesting of seaweed is manual, regulated and sustainable with underwater dives in authorized areas. Its proteins are of high biological quality, as they contain all the essential amino acids; their caloric and fat content is very low; they are low in calories but full of flavor and essential nutrients; the rich fiber content of seaweed helps regulate cholesterol and prevents constipation. Seaweed are also a great source of vitamins, especially B1 and B12 (necessary for the proper functioning of the nervous system), provitamin A (promotes tanning and cares for eyesight) and vitamin E (antioxidant).",Europe,Spain,"A Coruña, Galicia",,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,1990-2000,Yes,Still ongoing,Years,No,Fisheries,n/a,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"No, indeed the example has also positive impacts on both the sustainability of shellfishing resources and women who depend on them, as the manual collection of seaweed generated a complementary income to them apart from fishing.",No,Yes,In the w,n/a,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"In the way that national and regional governments adopted new laws, management and financial plans to develop the activity in Galicia and Spain.",n/a,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,"In the sense of changing the perception of algae as a problem for the development of shellfishing, artisanal fishing, and also for tourists visiting the beaches, to one focused more on the use of algae as food for human consumption with high nutritional values instead of directly throwing them away.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,n/a,"This is an example of a transformative change with focus on food, health and climate change.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,Fishing agreements of Indigenous peoples in the Colombian Amazon,https://elcampesino.co/acuerdos-indigenas-garantizan-la-pesca-sostenible-en-el-amazonas/; https://hemeroteca.unad.edu.co/index.php/riaa/article/view/2029/3796#figures,No,n/a,"In The Tarapoto lagoons live around 176 species of fish, 244 birds, 30 reptiles, 56 amphibians, and 76 mammals, making it the main source of food for 22 indigenous communities of the Tikuna, Cocama and Yagua ethnic groups, and supporting a human population of more than 7,000 people living in the communities surrounding the system. Fishing is the second most important economic activity for indigenous households and contributes 24% of their income. However, this activity has been affected by factors such as population growth and the introduction of new fishing technologies. This has generated conflicts in the use of the resource and fish scarcity. For this reason, it was essential that the communities exercise their own territorial control mechanisms to address the problems of fisheries governance.

Through collective workshops, which promoted participation and reflection on environmental care from indigenous ancestral knowledge; the study identified that the inhabitants have had 4 agreements since 2016 to protect this water basin. First, the management of the fishing resource, which establishes the species and quantities allowed for extraction, the closed periods, and the control of the commercialization of alevins and ornamentals. Second, on fishing gear, which regulates the use of nets, fishing elements according to the water cycle and prohibits the use of toxic elements and firearms for the activity. Third, the entrance to the lake, which regulates the speed of transit through the lakes and the entrance of fishing boats according to their type; and fourth, the management of the lake and the flooded forest, which regulates forestry extraction.

In relation to the fulfillment of the program's objectives, it was found that the agreements have contributed to the recovery of the lake's environmental quality and fishery resources. A reduction in the time dedicated to fishing activities was also reported, as well as a greater possibility of success of fishing activities with traditional fishing gears. Similarly, the fishing agreement also generated a better situation of ecosystems and more effective control over their territory, better organization for collective decision making, and proper management of nature tourism. The agreements also make it possible to control activities such as timber extraction, deforestation, and even illicit crops that have a direct impact on the ecosystem.
However, the guard's authorities do not have the administrative capacity to manage financial resources or to keep the monitoring system active, so the presence of external resources (e.g. NGOs) and actors becomes important to guarantee the operability and continuity of the territory's own management process, creating a figure of external dependence in local governance.  

",America,Colombia,Amazon,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me.,Not available to me.," During its evolution, the survival and evolution of the fishing agreements evidenced the tendency of the community to adopt hybrid systems of territorial management, which, although they were built in a participatory manner, also present a high content of western thinking based on planning, control, supervision and external sanction; elements that are foreign to the management system of the local population.",Yes,"The group of watchmen act as environmental promoters and local researchers, monitoring and promoting fishing agreements with the rest of the community that uses the lake's resources. Monitoring activities are carried out through a rotating shift system that operates on a floating raft located at the entrance of the Tarapoto largo and Tarapoto redondo lakes, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Monitoring is complemented with daytime and nighttime tours of the main lakes to raise awareness and educate the population to voluntarily comply with the agreements and promote artisanal fishing practices typical of the indigenous culture. Regarding control functions, a record of infractions is kept, the most frequent being the use of unregulated mesh; until 2016 compliance with the agreements was subject to the will of the users, given that the watchmen do not have the competence to apply sanctions or other corrective measures, an aspect that during the first years of the program constituted a limiting factor for the effectiveness of control and weakened the process due to the lack of local authority over the various users of the resource; to date the agreements are mandatory and must be endorsed by the national fisheries authority.
",n/a,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"Four groups of agreements or rules were established, aimed at solving the main problems:
-Management of the fishing resource: they establish the species and quantities allowed for extraction, the closed periods and the control to the commercialization of fry and ornamentals.
-Fishing gear: regulate the use of nets and fishing gear according to the hydrological cycle; prohibit the use of toxic elements and firearms.
-Entry to the lake: they establish the speed of transit through the lakes and the entry of fishing boats according to their type; they prohibit the entry of commercial fishing boats.
-Management of the lake and flooded forest: establish measures on the special management of the system; regulate forest extraction.
In June 2016, the fishing agreements have been recognized by the National Authority of Aquaculture and Fisheries (AUNAP) and obtained a resolution as mandatory regulations within the country, initiating a new stage for the region's fisheries governance.
 ",n/a,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"Fishing agreements developed by indigenous peoples were found to act as institutions that regulate and optimize the use of open access commons, and consolidate fisheries governance capacity in indigenous territories.","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,n/a,"This is an example of a positive transformative change for food, health and climate change","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The quiet revolution of aquaculture value chain in Bangladesh,"Terry, G. 2013. Literature review on gender issues in aquaculture value chains and in fish consumption in Southern Bangladesh. Dhaka, Bangladesh: WorldFish (unpublished). Barman, B.K. 2001. Women in small-scale aquaculture in North-West Bangladesh. Gender, Technology and Development 5(2):267–287; Apu, N.A. 2014. Farmed fish value chain development in Bangladesh: Situation analysis and trends.WorldFish/ILRI Project Report. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848616312236?casa_token=FHANZed2Dy4AAAAA:15_cO82nWCW2VmMnPc68bcwL5hI3TuabTxJqww0GTdx9kiis1if1pViTzSxu2whkVu3y9dhh4jo",No,n/a,"This study focuses on the transformation of aquaculture in Bangladesh, a dynamic sector that has been driven by investments of hundreds of thousands of mainly small actors in the fish value chain. Investments that have bolstered the diversification beyond the production of carps, into production of new commercial species, raising yields and then reducing the price of consumed fish over time. 
Fish farmers are more evenly distributed spatially than other value chain actors. From the perspective of average household operated aquaculture land (pond surface), the average farm size in our study zones changed little over the decade, even as the total population of them nearly doubled. The fish wholesale segment has been expanding rapidly. This occurred with a proliferation, especially during the 2000s, of rural fish wholesale markets, and an increase in fish wholesale markets in cities such as Dhaka. Fish trader numbers more than doubled across the four zones, from 14,800 in 2004 to 31,300 in 2014. 
The first (and ongoing) technology change linked to the first product cycle step (moving from niche to commodity) is the shift from capture of wild fish stocks from open waters, to their production in ponds under controlled conditions. the small and medium commercial farms that now dominate aquaculture output are making a transition from the traditional production technologies toward intensification – first by labor and then by productive capital (such as formulated feed and medicines and some equipment such as aeration).
In Bangladesh mainly over the past 15 years, the value chain for farmed fish has commercialized, and it has “lengthened” geographically. This is a typical trend in transformation and modernization of food supply chains, with concomitant inter-province market integration and reduction of transaction costs. Farmers have shifted from trapping wild fish on their farms or buying locally available wild seed in the early 1990s, to stocking hatchery-produced seed in the 2000s. By 2011, 98% of fish seed was produced by private hatcheries.
Hired labor use has increased along with the overall need for labor. Whereas in the early 1990s aquaculture used little household labor as compared to crop or livestock cultivation, commercial forms of aquaculture in Bangladesh now generate higher average demand for hired labor per unit area of land than paddy cultivation, due in part to the long fish cropping cycles and more yield and input use to manage. There has been rapid capital deepening in the form of investments by hundreds of thousands of actors in the fish value chain; apparent in a great jump in feed use, investment in equipment and pond construction, and investments in mills, hatcheries and vehicles. These investments have been made by, and provided opportunities for, a multitude of smallholder farmers and small and medium enterprises throughout the chain. This growth has been oriented toward the domestic market, as very little of Bangladesh's farmed fin-fish is exported.
",Asia,Bangladesh,Bangladesh,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,still ongoing,Years,,Other,Aquaculture,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Community,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,See my comments in relation to women involved in the value chain in Q17.,"Yes, there are still some goals compromised which need to be addressed. 

Sustainability aspects: General preventive measures to restoring biodiversity in enhanced fish production are underway in Bangladesh. Bangladesh has a more limited intensive system of fish culture than other big producing countries, so its potential impact on the environment would be smaller. The lack of adequate labour and technology in hatcheries; the practice of fish processing in the city markets; and inadequate waste management at wholesale markets; are largely responsible for the waste problem in the aquaculture sector. Waste management in aquaculture is not a major issue but the industrial wastewater that contaminates inland surface waters used for fisheries and aquaculture is a major concern. The issue of discharge of wastewater is included in the application for an environmental clearance certificate; existing industrial units must include the location of an effluent treatment plant and its design.

In addition,  the input acquisition supply chain for feed manufacture stretches over long distances. Most dried fish, one of the main ingredients in fish feed, is sourced from marine fisheries in coastal districts of Bangladesh but increasingly also imported from India and further afield, as is soy (another key ingredient). Meat and bone meals, important protein sources for feed, are sourced from the European Union. Much of the equipment utilized in the value chain (e.g. feed milling machines, vehicles, pumps, cold chain equipment) is imported, mainly from East and Southeast Asia, as are chemicals. Moreover, in contrast to the common image of the rural fish market being dominated by small rural brokers, the market has shifted to rural sourcing by large wholesalers based in towns and secondary cities. two-thirds of the marketed volume goes to large wholesalers; again that differs between the North with 68% and the average of the other zones at 54%. Three-quarters of the sales to large wholesalers are affected locally (in the village, union, or upazila). By contrast, local rural brokers have a mere 5% share of the market. Just over a decade earlier fish farmers usually sold their fish to local traders or fish collectors.
Use of medicines and other chemicals, including lime, antibiotics, salt, fungicides, insecticides, and feed additives such as vitamins have increased in line with higher stocking densities and feed use. This has occurred as the incidence of disease has increased and better management has been necessary to maintain water quality within the parameters required for fish survival and growth.

Gender aspects:

In Bangladesh, much of the visible work is carried out by men in both aquaculture and capture fisheries. Female participation is almost absent in large aquaculture government and privately owned farms or fish hatcheries. Despite the benefits which come from women’s participation in aquaculture, it is still much lower than men’s, because of the socio-cultural context. While women’s involvement in managing homestead ponds has given them a stronger voice in household decisions, their empowerment has been limited. A common view emerging from the literature is that small-scale aquaculture is suitable for women because ‘it is largely a homestead-based activity that integrates well with prevailing cultural norms’. aquaculture is often seen as an entry point for supporting women’s empowerment precisely because it does not challenge gender norms. While this approach has had some successes, it has not facilitated strategic transformation in rural women’s status, for instance through enabling married women to control, or at least to have an equal say in, productive assets such as ponds.

",Not information available to me.,Yes,"The great majority of these innovative changes have been driven by small and medium enterprises. These changes can be categorized as “immanent development”, that is, development unplanned and undirected by government or NGOs, arising mainly from private household, firm, and community choices, driven by changes in demand, technology, communications, and infrastructure, and abetted by propitious policies. ",n/a,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Policy has played some role in facilitating this growth, in particular through early investments in fish seed production, as well in electricity and road infrastructure in rural areas. A laissez faire policy in terms of crop choice has also been important. However, the direct influence of government and NGOs in “causing” this quiet revolution has been relatively minor in comparison with the investments of millions of farm households and small and medium enterprises. Policies and investments that support a broad enabling environment for a wide variety of businesses (e.g. rural infrastructure development and minimization of regulatory constraints to enterprise start up and growth) will generally be of greater importance than those that aim to solve sector or segment specific problems.
",,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"This study focuses on the transformation of aquaculture in Bangladesh, a dynamic sector that has been driven by investments of hundreds of thousands of mainly small actors in the fish value chain. Investments that have bolstered the diversification beyond the production of carps, into production of new commercial species, raising yields and then reducing the price of consumed fish over time. Investments and changes allowed people to change their views and perceive aquaculture as an activity with high potential for well-being.

","Population size, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,This is an example of a case with transformative potential currently underway related to food (Nexus).,I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,"University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain",0000-0001-6296-4479,The role of innovation in transforming towards community-based marine resource management in Solomon Islands,"Béné C, Belal E, Baba MO, Ovie S, Raji A, Malasha I, Njaya F, Andi MN, Russell A and Neiland A. 2009. Power struggle, dispute and alliance over local resources: Analyzing ‘democratic’ decentralization of natural resources through the lenses of Africa Inland Fisheries. World Development 37:1935–50;Cinner JE, McClanahan TR, MacNeil MA, Graham NAJ, Daw TM, Mukminin A, Feary DA, Rabearisoa AL, Wamukota A, Jiddawi N et al. 2012. Comanagement of coral reef social-ecological systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109:5219–22;https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378014001356#sec0055; Solomon Islands Community Based Coastal and Marine Resource Management Strategy 2021 - 2025 https://www.fisheries.gov.sb/mfmr-docs/cbrm/cbrm%20_strategy.pdf; ","Yes, and the vision is explicit","Marine and coastal resources are healthy, resilient and are managed in a sustainable way that contributes to the socio-economic needs and food security of all Solomon Islanders.","Sustaining inshore marine resources is central to the Solomon Islands government strategy to ensure food security in the face of rapid population growth, climate change and resource degradation. The Solomon Islands National Strategy for the Management of Inshore Fisheries and Marine Resources (2010) identified community-based adaptive resource co-management (CBRM) as central to achieving their ambition of sustainable and secure inshore fisheries and aquatic resources by 2020.

Solomon Islands communities have a customary tenure and governance system, where tribes and clans have ownership of the land and the sea, and communities are governed by a tribal chiefs or community leaders. Access to resources is granted to the wider community (to different degrees) by resource owners. There is widespread agreement among researchers that the tenure system and associated rules are socially motivated to reaffirm or assert power relationships and claims on resources, and did not develop as a result of resource scarcity or the need or intent to manage resources sustainably, which is recognised as a necessary pre-requisite for CBRM.

The CBRM system that is developed is often a hybrid model, based on customary sea tenure boundaries and traditional governance institutions which are modified using contemporary fisheries and resource management tools and ideas based on addressing future food security needs and/or meeting conservation goals. All active communities analyzed have moved backward and forward between phases of transformative changes, deciding on rules and governance structures, implementing and testing these, then redefining them in response to gathering more information or changing conditions. 

The strategic opportunistic approach taken by these young entrepreneurs is an example of how strong agency can help communities navigate change and help to transform social-ecological system. From the five case study sites in Solomon Islands the study shows there is no blueprint to the CBRM institutionalisation processes that occur. It clearly depends on the community context. The processes are not linear journeys and there are periods of rapid change and stability or stagnation. The case studies revealed that sustained institutionalisation and active support of CBRM depended on the types of events that happened at the beginning of the process. The subsequent series of events taken to maintain active support were also important. These events, which can be divided into three component types, were collectively essential for building active support for CBRM within a community: a) Using governance structures and decision-making processes that were perceived to be legitimate through the eyes of the community were both particularly significant b) Spending time garnering support for the CBRM idea through community-facilitated participatory and inclusive awareness raising and dialogue was important for initiating support for CBRM, and c) Selecting and adapting rules appropriate to the situation, respecting ownership of resources and involving the whole community in rule enforcement improved compliance and the acceptance of rules in the community.

Legitimacy, support for idea and rules in use seem important for building active support and creating an environment in which CBRM can have longevity and become normalised, and produce perceived benefits to a community. None of the communities have reached and maintained high levels of active support for CBRM without substantial contributions from all three components.

It seems reasonable to conclude that building transformative capacity for CBRM management systems requires innovation in both governance and management. Such innovations are a bricolage of existing ideas that are recombined for a specific context. In the case of Solomon Islands the innovations in governance used the existing governance system of traditional tenure, leadership and community committees, but hybridised it with new governance approaches, such as seeking formal and legal recognition, building partnerships with conservation NGOs and government, and initiating socio-political change through youth empowerment.
",Oceania,Salomon Islands,Salomon Islands,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,still ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,"Sustainability:

In discussions during the historical context part of the innovation histories focus groups, no community had explicitly recognised an ecological problem with marine resources or necessarily attributed it directly to overharvesting. Communities spoke of there being lower fish and invertebrate catches over time and certain species disappearing from catches. However, when probed about why this was and why they did not address it at the time, it was often attributed to natural variation and a belief that marine resources would ‘come back’, or that fish and invertebrates were ‘hiding’ and ‘frightened’ of spearfishing or nets. This is consistent with other research in Solomon Islands where while local ecological knowledge is very high, key life history attributes that relate to resource replacement processes are largely lacking. However, more research is needed to fully understand this issue.

Equity:

Communities tended to match CBRM to a social problem. For example, in a given community, in the ten years prior to adoption of CBRM, negative social activities such as youth drinking alcohol and causing trouble had become a concern for the community and the leaders. The leaders made a decision to address the effect youth behaviour was having on community cohesion, through encouraging youth to engage in healthy social activities. They converted an area of communal land to a sports field and engaged youth in church activities through providing instruments to start a band. When the youth group visited a neighbouring community for church activities, they dived in their kastom taboo area to harvest fish and invertebrates for the feast, and witnessed an abundance of marine resources in comparison to their own reefs. When they returned to their community and proposed to community leaders they close their community reef, the leaders actively supported the youth primarily because they felt it was a positive step for creating a socially cohesive community, with a strong youth leadership. People from within and outside some communities had started fishing using nets, while others still used pole and line methods. This was perceived as being inequitable given fish were not being shared among the community as it was in the past. The community leaders decided this inequity was a big enough problem to speak to the whole community, who then made a decision together to ban netting to everyone.

Gender:

CBRM aims for high levels of resource-user participation in decision-making and in managing resources. In practice, however, different social groups experience collaborative management approaches differently. The processes and outcomes of collaborative management can preferentially benefit or disadvantage certain sectors of society and can also exacerbate existing power imbalances and lead to elite capture in which public resources are managed in a way that benefit a few individuals of superior social status to the detriment of the larger population. They may also inadvertently exclude or marginalize women (or other groups) from decision-making processes and from the resources they rely upon. Good practices and gender-inclusive facilitation to reach women, men and other groups in societies may increase the likelihood that benefits are equitable and that women and men are more empowered, though they do not guarantee it.
",No information available to me.,Yes,"In all communities with marine closure rules in use  support for the idea of CBRM was solidified and maintained when the community saw the promised beneficial outcomes from the periodic harvest of their closed areas. All communities said that after ‘seeing’ the amount of resources inside the closed area after the reef had been closed, support for the idea within the community grew. In each community the periodic harvest has had direct financial benefits to individuals and the community (e.g. has paid for local church and school activities) as well as indirect benefits (e.g. visiting and paying students come to the community).
",No.,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"Only one community from 5 analyzed took some actions throughout the CBRM process to deliberately change rules instead of solely relying on rules crafted in the initial stages of CBRM. Rule changes occurred in response to perceived ecological or social change. The CBRM community leader, a charismatic member of the community who was appointed to the role by the chief and elders of the main land/reef owning tribe in the community, said they adapted the rules (what to harvest, and roughly how much should be harvested) to perceived changes in size and abundance of target species within the closed areas, and as support for the CBRM idea in the community shifted. However, management decisions were also made in response to economic or social circumstances. A recent example was associated with the lifting of the Government-led bêche de mer moratorium for three months in 2013. Given the high value of bêche de mer, and thus a high risk of poaching on their closed reef, the CBRM leader decided to open the reef to allow community members to harvest bêche de mer for three days. Agreement and support from the reef owners has been a crucial first step for CBRM to progress.

The ability to enforce rules within the community has been problematic and infringement occurs in all communities. Communities are more likely to enforce CBRM rules with people outside their community than with people they know within their communities. Awareness raising and dialogue are often required as part of the preparation for community-led resource management. CBRM appears to require more than a simple transfer of ideas – follow up, facilitation and participation is of key importance. Initial enthusiasm for CBRM ideas appears to require follow-up and regular awareness sessions and dialogue discussions, with the whole community and conducted by the community.The community awareness groups acted as ‘knowledge brokers’ or ‘sense-makers’ for the community by making links between the marine ecological issues and broader community issues and social and economic benefits.

",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"it is important to note that how CBRM information is expressed, or in some cases ‘sold’ to communities by any external agent (e.g. NGOs, researchers, government) can be influential and have implications for the process and adoption of CBRM. It can introduce particular hopes or expectations, and ways of thinking about CBRM and marine resource management benefits and costs. For example, others have found that over-emphasising a ‘win-win’ scenario and economic benefits of closing areas, can lead to lowered levels of support if expectations are not met or there are inequity in benefits within communities.
","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,This is an example with transformative potential related to food (Nexus),"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Keziah mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Cairngorms Connect,http://cairngormsconnect.org.uk/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Cairngorms Connect is a partnership of neighbouring land managers, committed to a bold and ambitious 200-year vision to enhance habitats, species and ecological processes across a vast area within the Cairngorms National Park. The vision for habitat restoration is unparalleled in its scope, scale and timeframe, in the UK. The milestones over the next 200 years chart their plans to restore native woodlands to their natural limits, including high-altitude montane woodland; to restore peatlands, wetlands and rivers and to build support and understanding locally, nationally and internationally.","The collaboration of local landowners and their aim for transformation of their collective land. Cairngorms Connect are undertaking habitat restoration at a landscape level, with great results. Activities include alien vegetation removal, deer management, peatland and floodplain restoration, and new native woodland planted. And they monitor the outcomes of their management, so they - and others - can learn from their work.",Europe,United Kingdom,Cairngorms National Park.,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,not finished,Centuries,,Foresty,There was not necessarily a,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs",Community,Between 10 to 100,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I do not think there is a dark side as the land was previously managed and owned by the same people. Cairgorms Connect is now just a promise to restore the land as a collaborative landscape scale effort and rewild it.,no.,Not that I am aware of.,Yes,"Through its practices, Cairngorms Connect aims to enhance habitats, species and ecological processes across a vast area within the Cairngorms National Park. Their practices include and are not limited to rewilding and introduction of native species, community-based ecosystem restoration, maintaining wildlife corridors, encouraging pollinators, land conservation, conserving/protecting species, restoring ecosystem services, alien invasive removal.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"It partners with a few institutions like ""Cairngorms National Park Authority (CNPA)"", ""Endangered Landscapes Programme (ELP)"", ""Forestry and Land Scotland"" and ""NatureScot"". Their objectives are aligned with those of the CNPA, and they work closely with the Park staff to help inform their delivery on the ground. They also have deliverables for their funders, the ELP.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The group of land managers came up with a shared vision for the land, based on a shared desired vision for the future of their collective land. Their vision is for the next 200 years as change like this takes time. But they have also come up with milestones to work towards during this time. ""Our vision for habitat restoration is unparalleled in its scope, scale and timeframe, in the UK. Our milestones over the next 200 years chart our plans to restore native woodlands to their natural limits, including high-altitude montane woodland; to restore peatlands, wetlands and rivers and to build support and understanding locally, nationally and internationally.""","Values, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Wildlife Credits Namibia,https://youtu.be/TrFXdoEo8ew,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","WILDLIFE CREDITS has the implicit vision of the future where wildlife thrives and people prosper. This vision is shared with the Namibian government whose Constitution enshrines the protection of wildlife with legislation that empowers local communities. There are 86 registered conservancies in Namibia, and one in four rural Namibians lives in a conservancy where they are partners in conservation and community development. The communities in these conservancies that protect, conserve and preserve wildlife, share this vision of a thriving wildlife and of people prospering. They are then the beneficiaries of wildlife credits.","Communities that historically are in conflict with wildlife, due to living in such close proximity to wildlife, are now incentivized to protect wildlife, while being able to better protect their own homes, cattle and crops. They are now able to receive direct benefits for their actions and results.",Africa,Namibia,Across all of Namibia,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,not finished,Years,,Other,Tourism,Deserts and xeric shrublands,Country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Not that I am aware of. However, I could see problems arising with how performance is measured which could result in unfair distribution of funds.",not that I am aware of.,not that I am aware of.,Yes,"Wildlife Credits generates funds from local, national, and international sources based on independently verified conservation performance by communal conservancies. This additional income stream is a joint venture between conservancies, tour operators, conservation groups and the international community, raising funds for wildlife and habitat from conservation performance payments. The first phase of Wildlife Credits has begun in Namibia, based on monitoring sightings of iconic wildlife species at tourist lodges.",,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,Other,"there is competition for space and resources. Traditional wildlife migration routes are pressured by encroaching human settlements. The need for access to resources such as grazing and water also creates conflict, and this is exacerbated by drought.",Financial insecurity,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Highline Park,https://www.thehighline.org/about/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The High Line Network wants to transform underutilized infrastructure into new urban landscapes that are brimming with biodiversity. They want nature to be available even to people who dwell in the middle of a mega city. They want these spaces to be were families and friends meet up and interact with their community, do art, eat and celebrate life.","Uses abandoned built infrastructure, transforming it into green infrastructure that is integral to the lives of thousands. They have taken abandoned spaces which could be an eye sore at best and a place for criminal activities at worst, and instead made it a vibrant place for community gathering and celebration. And this idea is spreading and taking over other abandoned infrastructure in order to transform it into gardens and community areas.",America,USA,New York,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,not finished,Years,,I don't know,,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,"The highline park has many initiatives:
1. Youth Empowerment: A paid employment opportunity for local youth  focused on skills-building and leadership development through civic engagement, public programs, and strategic partnerships on the park and throughout the city.
2. Embedding equity
A digital planning guide designed to help park organizations address inequities caused by infrastructural racism, and shape public spaces that bring social, environmental, and economic benefits to our communities.
3. neighbour to neighbour wellness
A series of mobility and wellness programs designed in collaboration with local community-based organizations serving aging populations.
4. Sharing our assets
We collaborate with public school teachers for 10 weeks or more, guiding students through hands-on S.T.E.A.A.M. (Science, Technology, Engineering, Architecture, Art & Activism, and Math) projects that incorporate art, horticulture, history, and public space.
5. extending the highline network
Comprised of infrastructure reuse projects and the people who help them come to life, High Line Network projects transform underutilized infrastructure into new urban landscapes.
6. Families
The High Line is a place to grow (and not just for plants). Children and adults alike enjoy music, dance, storytelling, and other creative experiences.
7. Art Performances
Experience a new perspective on space, creativity, and ideas through bold and one-of-a-kind performances.
8. Gardens
Our gardens are diverse and ever-changing, with more than fifteen distinct planting zones and 150,000 plants.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,They are in partnership with New York City's Parks and Recreation Department. They also reuse and revitalize abandoned city infrastructure.,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,"Values, Population size, Urbanization",,Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Jerneja Penca,jerneja.penca@zrs-kp.si,LA,Transformative Change,ZRS Koper,0000-0002-2817-3443,Concha de la costa,https://conchadelacosta.com/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","About Mussel picking, formed by producers, about respectful use of the sea for human food production",Seeks to counter the dominant market forces in how seafood is produced and consumed; aims at a recognition of a close intreplay between humans and the ocean,Europe,Spain,Malaga,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,/,Decades,"years AND decades, for consumers years, for the oceans decades, depends on what change is observed",Fisheries,,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),Other,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,-,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,/,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,,,,No information available to me,Change in marketing,,Producing and consuming food sustainably,Yes,Marketing forces,,Other,Yes,Perception of local food,Market interactions,,Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism),,,,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Jerneja Penca,jerneja.penca@zrs-kp.si,LA,Transformative Change,ZRS,0000-0002-2817-3443,Golion seafood,https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40152-021-00222-5,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Sustainable catch well marketed and properly paid for brings benefits to people and the ecosystem,Changes the dominant market structure and principles,Europe,France,France,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,/,Years,/,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Other,"Between 10 to 100, Between 100 to 1,000",Up to 10,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,/,I don´t know,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,/,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,,,,Yes,Producers organised themeselves to accomplish structural change by creating a PO of small scale fishers.,,Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems,Yes,producer organisation - better representation,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,Preference to small-scale,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Concentrated production, Trade, Market interactions, States, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,,.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Jerneja penca,jerneja.penca@zrs-kp.si,LA,Transformative Change,ZRS KOper,0000-0002-2817-3443,Eat the lionfish  initiative,https://labmaf.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/LabMAF-full_report-final.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Healthy oceans, human needs for food satisfied",Adjusts to the change in the ecosystem - creates a market for invasive species,Asia,Lebanon,Lebanon,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,/,Decades,"ongoing, probably never over",Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Other,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,/,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,/,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,,,,,Yes,increasing fishing effort,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,No,/,"None, Incentives and capacity building",Yes,Eating invasive species can be good,"Values, Population size, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,/,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Jerneja Penca,jerneja.penca@zrs-kp.si,LA,Transformative Change,ZRS,0000-0002-2817-3443,Club Blue Artisanal,https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40152-021-00222-5,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Fair pay for wellbeing and healthy seas through collaboration,It puts into a place a new structure that transcends previous failures in the markets,Africa,Tunisia,Tunisian coast,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Other,NGOs and private,2010-2023,Yes,/,Decades,/,Fisheries,,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),Other,"Between 100 to 1,000",Up to 10,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,/,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,,,,Yes,It uses markets to change the consumers and production patterns,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably",Yes,"Through markets; Tunisian fishermen are providing identifiable, traceable and quality-controlled SSF products to certified restaurants, including to Sicily, Italy.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,Fair pay and equitable access to a resource,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Trade, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentration of wealth, Policy-related challenges",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Jerneja penca,jerneja.penca@zrs-kp.si,LA,Transformative Change,ZRS,0000-0002-2817-3443,High Level Panel for a SUstainable Ocean Economy,https://oceanpanel.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","""100% sustainable ocean""",I am not sure if it is,Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Other,"piublic, private (incl.NGOs)",2010-2023,Yes,/,Centuries,"comittments by 2030, and by 2050","Fisheries, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry, Other","transport, mining","Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Global,None,None,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,to be seen,to be seen,"not yet, to be observed",No information available to me,not clear,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,International comittment is adopted,,None,No information available to me,Perhaps those by countries' leaders,"Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Concentrated production, Trade, Financial flows, Market interactions, States, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, The state has a ""glass ceiling"" for how far it will support environmental protection measures, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,Action should follow,"No, this is something to avoid",,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,GreenPop,https://greenpop.org/annual-reports/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","OUR VISION A Treevolution – a world where people and nature thrive together. OUR MISSION We’re on a mission to plant trees, green communities and empower environmental stewards across Sub-Saharan Africa. This is the GreenPop initiative vision.","After completed a short personal project to plant 1000 trees in under-greened areas in Cape Town, Misha, his partner Lauren and their friend Jeremy realised that there was an ongoing need for an organisation which connects people to the planet, each other and themselves and decided to focus all of their energy on making it a reality. And, Greenpop was born. Today, Greenpop has a focus on sustainable urban greening and forest restoration projects, spread environmental awareness, and activate people to become environmental stewards across Sub-Saharan Africa. They have grants, special donors, public donations, pledge donors which make their projects possible. They protect and restore ecosystems through forest reforation, environmental awareness, urban greening and food gardening.  Greenpop has projects across Sub-Saharan Africa. We currently have active projects in the following locations: Cape Town, WC, South Africa. Overberg, WC, South Africa. Garden Route, WC, South Africa. Hogsback, EC, South Africa. Mulanje, Malawi. And closed projects in the following locations: Livingstone, Zambia. Magombera, Tanzania.",Africa,"South Africa, Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi","Cape Town, WC, South Africa. Overberg, WC, South Africa. Garden Route, WC, South Africa. Hogsback, EC, South Africa. Mulanje, Malawi. Livingstone, Zambia. Magombera, Tanzania.",Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,There are many locations involved that have been reforested/greened/gardened. This is a donor funded project to find places suitable for these activities and then to undertake them. I don't know what economic sector this will then fall under.,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Temperate grasslands, Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Urban/Semi-urban",Among countries,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,"On-going restoration work at Platbos has ensured most of the degraded sections and edges have been replanted with indigenous seedlings, allowing a diversity of species to reclaim these degraded sections over time. They have hosted 11 reforestation festivals with a total of more than 7000 participants and 110 000 indigenous seedlings planted in this time. Collaborations have developed between neighbouring properties and the Platbos Reserve over the past few years, and so the Uilenkraal project has now become a partnership that includes 4 different properties: Platbos Forest Reserve, Bodhi Khaya Nature Retreat, Blomerus, and Kleinbos. This has allowed the opportunity to scale the restoration work here towards a landscape approach, rather than focusing on a single property. Through collaborative partnerships and sound scientific research, this project aims to restore areas that were historically forests and ensure their continued protection and survival.","Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,No information available to me,,,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,"Greenpop and reforest fest is on a mission to plant trees, green communities and empower environmental stewards across Sub-Saharan Africa. Participants join the reforestation fesitval as there is a shared view that humans have degraded many landscapes and that ther is an active obligation to repair the damage done and then it it be so that wild creatures may come back and have more space and resources to roam. There is also a worldview that restoring the land is a cause for celebration. During the weekend there are many talks and workshops available to the participants- these talks have a human-nature focus and include but are not limited to: sustainable foraging, cooking with wild foods, communication with nature. They also provide yoga and breathwork classes so that the participants can be more mindful and relaxed. There is an understanding that these spaces can be shared between nature, wildlife and humans.",Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,example provided by Keziah Mayer,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Reforest Fest,https://greenpop.org/reforest-fest-2023/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",OUR VISION: A Treevolution – a world where people and nature thrive together. This is the vision held by the parent initiative- GreenPop.,"The mission at Greenpop and for the Reforest Fest is to get active and not anxious about the state of the planet. By being part of a movement, and taking on the daily grind of creating a place of bright green mindset, you’re able to get yourself into a place of feeling connected with community, seeing what’s possible with collective action and experiencing the many landscape-based projects that have seen huge success. Reforest Fest is an annual restoration celebration that brings people together to plant thousands of trees while enjoying a celebration for all ages in nature. It’s a festival for everyone, grandparents to toddlers. Restoring landscapes is fundamentally about people as much as it is about trees. It starts with connection, shared love and appreciation, and a decision to bravely start something new, often small. But through nurture, directed growth, intentional cultivation, compassion, and dedication, it can flourish into something profound and impactful. Both for our planet and future generations, we foster hope, whatever may come.
Where creativity meets participation, people congregate to enjoy in the diverse array of entertainment with interactive art & theatre for the whole family – all whilst having a blast getting active for the environment, by planting indigenous trees in degraded landscapes. It brings joy, celebration and a sense of community into restoration of landscapes. There have been incredible results. Just recently, in 2023, a camera trap footage, from the Platbos Forest Reserve, captured one of the elusive and majestic Cape Leopards, within the forest that is undergoing restoration activities. in the 11 years its been active (as of 2023) more than 7000 people have participated in the reforestation festival, 16 species of indigenous plants have been planted, 6 people have permanent employment at the UIilenkraal Valley Restoration Project, with 105k trees planted.",Africa,South Africa,Gansbaai,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Days,Indigenous plants are planted over the space of a long weekend. They are then left to grow and enter natural competition with other plants and animals for resources.,Agriculture,,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Temperate grasslands",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,"On-going restoration work at Platbos has ensured most of the degraded sections and edges have been replanted with indigenous seedlings, allowing a diversity of species to reclaim these degraded sections over time. They have hosted 11 reforestation festivals with a total of more than 7000 participants and 110 000 indigenous seedlings planted in this time. Collaborations have developed between neighbouring properties and the Platbos Reserve over the past few years, and so the Uilenkraal project has now become a partnership that includes 4 different properties: Platbos Forest Reserve, Bodhi Khaya Nature Retreat, Blomerus, and Kleinbos. This has allowed the opportunity to scale the restoration work here towards a landscape approach, rather than focusing on a single property. Through collaborative partnerships and sound scientific research, this project aims to restore areas that were historically forests and ensure their continued protection and survival.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",No information available to me,,,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,"Greenpop and reforest fest is on a mission to plant trees, green communities and empower environmental stewards across Sub-Saharan Africa. Participants join the reforestation fesitval as there is a shared view that humans have degraded many landscapes and that ther is an active obligation to repair the damage done and then it it be so that wild creatures may come back and have more space and resources to roam. There is also a worldview that restoring the land is a cause for celebration. During the weekend there are many talks and workshops available to the participants- these talks have a human-nature focus and include but are not limited to: sustainable foraging, cooking with wild foods, communication with nature. They also provide yoga and breathwork classes so that the participants can be more mindful and relaxed. There is an understanding that these spaces can be shared between nature, wildlife and humans.",Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Tompkins Conservation,http://www.tompkinsconservation.org/vision_and_values.htm,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The vision is for Wilderness to be ever present, ever vibrant, ever cared for. National parks provide durable protection for the planet’s fast-disappearing wildlands. But they also have the power to nurture our well-being and restore our ties to something greater than ourselves. Our vision for a vast network of parks on land and at sea promotes climate stability, restores biological corridors, and provides habitat for native species. Globally proven economic drivers, parks also provide lasting benefits to local communities. This vision is shared between Doug and Kris Tompkins and their initiative Tompkins conservation. ","Tompkins Conservation, founded by Douglas and Kristine Tompkins, is dedicated to conserving and restoring Chile and Argentina’s wild beauty and biodiversity by creating national parks, restoring wildlife, inspiring activism and ecological agriculture, and fostering economic prosperity as a consequence of conservation. Tompkins works to create ecologically grounded local economies; local, renewable energy production; thoughtful, place-appropriate architecture and design; and meaningful work for individuals and communities. Over the past 25 years, Tompkins Conservation has invested $345 million in extensive protected areas in Argentina and Chile through its local affiliate Conservación Patagónica. To date, Tompkins has created six national parks, with five more currently in progress. The initiative is transforming the landscape to be more wild, biodiverse, and resilient. They are building networks that can allow for faster and deeper changes for the SES. They are affiliated with other organizations (like government bodies and other community-based or private organizations), this can allow for a protective space for experimentation, i.e. a protected niche or proto-regime, which can then make changes to the greater system or regime.  This initiative stepped up to restore natural areas and in doing so reinstituted cultural values and values for nature. The initiative has increased employment in the area and thus also increased standards of living. They are integrating the social and ecological, through restoration activities driven by science, education, and community outreach.  This is a great model for place-based environmental stewardship, which can lead to a few transformative changes.  For the stakeholders and community members it can lead to an inner transformation of values towards nature and human-nature connectivity (scale deep).  It can be a model for stewardship of natural areas which can then be replicated elsewhere (scale out).  They are treating the SES as an intertwined, complex adaptive system, as opposed to more reductionist methods.",America,Chile and Argentina,Patagonia,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Other",National parks,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,"For three decades, They’ve been creating parklands, protecting and restoring wildlife, promoting regenerative agriculture, and proving that national parks are economic drivers for local communities.
The results speak for themselves: nearly 15 million acres protected, rebounding wildlife populations, and growing economic opportunities in park gateway communities.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,"They collaborate and work with government. Tompkins Conservation, The Pew Charitable Trusts, and the Government of Chile announce an agreement to create an innovative fund—called “Route of Parks: Protecting Patagonia Forever”—to ensure the future conservation of the region’s national parks and strengthen the surrounding communities.",,Cross-sectoral cooperation,Yes,"Douglas Tompkins spent decades interacting with leading thinkers in ecological philosophy, technology criticism, agroecology, conservation biology, and activism. He became convinced that there is no chance to reverse the current ecosocial crisis without a deep, systemic critique of the industrial-growth economy and the worldview behind it. Doug and Kris Tompkins’s long friendship with the philosopher Arne Naess also influenced their thinking, and by extension, the activities of Tompkins Conservation.",Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Communities Currencies Programs,https://grassrootseconomics.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We see a world where communities are in control of their own financial instruments as an essential ingredient for economic liberty and empowerment.


","The program implemented community currency programs in over 45 locations across Kenya and assisted with 2 in South Africa and helped more than 60,000 small businesses, churches and schools take an active role in their own economy and development
",Africa,Kenya,45 communities,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance",,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"In principle, there are no dark sides published in the scientific and grey literature of the example.",No,n/a,Yes,"It shows that the circulation of Sarafu, a digital community currency in Kenya, during the COVID-19 pandemic, has been useful in geographically benefited peopole and involved diverse users. Local institutions acted as hubs, with early adopters and women being pivotal.",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Community Inclusion Currencies (CICs) have been piloted as alternative financial systems, studied and adapted into various contexts but haven’t yet been fully adopted into larger-scale institutions or state application. These CICs has the capacity to foster positive changes in policies and laws. ",no,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The humanitarian sector has gone through a major shift toward injection of cash into vulnerable communities as its core modality. On this trajectory toward direct currency injection, something new has happened: namely the empowerment of communities to create their own local currencies, a tool known as Complementary Currency systems.","Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Financial flows, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,n/a,This is an example of a change with high transformative potential.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Raven Indigenous Impact Fund,https://ravencapitalpartners.ca/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Raven Indigenous Impact Fund(s) invest in early and growth stage Indigenous companies that are helping to build a renewed and sustainable Indigenous economy in Canada and the United States. At the heart of the investing practice is bringing Indigenous integrity into all aspects of our work. The unique approach works by incorporating Indigenous ways of knowing into our process.

They bring Indigenous-led patient capital to invest with innovative, scalable, purpose driven Indigenous social enterprises. They take an active, hands-on approach that leverages our entrepreneurial and stage expertise. At Raven, they partner with entrepreneurs to increase their chance of success by applying our extensive operational knowledge and providing capacity building and market access support through out extensive domestic and global networks.  ",It is a new innovative financial product committed to Indigenous-led equity investments in mission-driven and innovative indigenous enterprises to help build a renewed and sustainable Indigenous economy in Canada and the US. ,America,Canada and USA,Canada and the US,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,no,"Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry, Other","Technology, fashion","Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,In principle not.,We were not able to find available information.,We were not able to find available information.,Yes,"These funds allow Indigenous peoples to develo their own initiatives, gaining higher economic autonomy",no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,In providing new infrastructures and opportunities to mantain/improve quality of life of Indigenous peoples.,No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"Raven Indigenous Capital Partners is an Indigenous led and owned social finance intermediary that is committed to developing purpose-driven investment platforms that enable investors to vote with their dollars in favour of building a vibrant Indigenous economy.

","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,This a good example with high transformative potential,n/a,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,,"Changing urban mobility - the case of Pontevedra, Spain",https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/1/249; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041202100475X#b0080,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The urban center is becoming increasingly friendly and sustainable, improving the quality of life of their inhabitants and moving towards universal accessibility. 
","Pontevedra in Spain, a city of around 100 thousand inhabitants, stands out as a successful  implementation of emission reduction in the transport sector in the Global North. The city removed surface parking and calmed traffic across the city, limiting speeds to 30 km/h, adapting the pavement to slower speeds, and reducing traffic segregation with priority to pedestrians and cyclists and introducing roundabouts. The town developed walking maps similar to metro maps to help people move quickly and promote active mobility. The impact of  reduced mobility externalities, such as traffic, noise and pollution, has been immense and aligned with a solid public acceptance of the measures and improvement of the city's economy and vitality. Pontevedra succeeded in changing the urban landscape, converting the car to a guest in the city and not the main actor, increasing city liveability, revitalising the economy and affecting positively local population dynamics, and in reversing population loss of the previous decades. ",Europe,Spain,Pontevedra,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Energy, Other",Transport (vehicles),Urban/Semi-urban,City,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,There are no dark sides in the example. ,Not available to me.,Not available to me.,Yes,"The elements that created enabling conditions of this change were the political courage of the mayor, technical and expert assistance to convert the whole city into a reduced traffic zone, the involvement of citizens in decision-making and the design of specific solutions with intense workshops to adapt lifestyle and downgrade private cars in the priority of city space use. ",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,The new solutions developed by the municipality led to new social norms and policies.,No,Other,Yes,The example changed the values of the population towards a more sustainable and friendly city of their inhabitants.,"Values, Urbanization",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",The key challenge was to solve how to develop sustainable and health cities for the population.,No,This is an example of transformative changes in urban cities,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Curitiba’s Bus Rapid Transit System,"Gandara J M and Mills A S 2016 Successful master plan implementation in Curitiba, Brazil, and its positive effects on urban tourism Travel and Tourism Research Association 2009 36;https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2081/meta;https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.3141/2193-03;",No,I did not find the vision for this initiative," In the 1970s, at a time of rapid urban expansion, city planners in Curitiba decided to prioritize meeting the population's mobility needs over individual motorized transport. The city's development followed a master plan, which had five key principles¡: (i) change the radial urban growth trend to a linear one through integrated land use, road network, and transport strategy; (ii) reduce congestion in the city centre and preserve its historical buildings and neighbourhoods with legislation and economic incentives; (iii) control and manage demographical development; (iv) support urban development with economic measures; and (v) improve infrastructures. The benefits had become manifest: While being the city with the highest number of cars per capita amongst major Brazilian cities, Curitiba also has the highest share of commuters using public transport (75% on weekdays) and its fuel consumption is 30% lower than in eight comparable Brazilian cities. Curitiba also preserved green spaces with an environmental program that greatly increased the number of parks and forested areas within the city.Curitiba also preserved green spaces with an environmental program that greatly increased the number of parks and forested areas within the city. Now, Curitiba, the world's cradle for bus rapid transit (BRT), is an affluent city in Brazil.",America,Brazil,Brazil,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,1970-1980,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,No,Other,Urban transport,Urban/Semi-urban,City,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Not available to me.,Not available to me.,"Despite its initial popularity, ridership trended downwards in the 2000s due to unpleasant passenger experiences caused by delays and unpredictable timetables. To resolve this complex problem, the city government implemented gradual changes. First, it set clear and achievable goals centred on improving the passenger experience and promoting environmental sustainability. Second, the city focused on small wins rather than being over-ambitious. Suitable technical solutions were found to different issues. The successful implementation of each stage laid the groundwork for the project’s ultimate success. Lastly, the city involved citizens in improving system service quality. For example, it provided green incentives to low-income passengers to promote ridership, social inclusion and environmental protection.",Yes,"In the 1970s, when Curitiba had only 400,000 inhabitants, plans for implementing a light rail transit (LRT) system were prepared. The idea was aborted due to LRT’s high capital costs. ",No,"Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,"The IPPUC (Institute for Research and Urban Planning of Curitiba) conceived a trunk-and-feeder bus system. This bus system was gradually upgraded until reaching the status of the first full BRT system in the world.

","In 1980, with the implementation of the east-west corridor, Curitiba consolidated the basis for the RIT. A single flat fare enabled a cross subsidy between short and long displacements by allowing users to interchange between trunk and feeding services at terminals and tube stations. In 1990, a series of legal arrangements between the State of Paraná and the City of Curitiba empowered URBS (Urban Development Authority of Curitiba) to plan and manage all the transportation modes within the Curitiba metropolitan area.

The intelligent transport system combined the URBS’s operations centre and other data sources, such as video detectors and a surveillance system, to develop a dynamic traffic plan that evolved with the traffic. The operations centre monitored the city’s fleet of 2,500 buses in real time through on-board computers, GPS modules and sensors, which collected information including bus location, adherence to schedules and estimated travel time, sending it back to the operations centre each minute. The system also identified areas prone to congestion and proposed alternative routes using predictive algorithms. Any route changes would be communicated to drivers through a message panel installed in the buses. All data transmitted to the operations centre were stored as open data in its database for research purposes.",Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,Over the years Curitiba has been demonstrating to the world its potential to produce creative and relatively low-cost solutions for urban mobility.,"Population size, Urbanization, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Other","Faced with demographic pressure and an ever-increasing number of cars, Curitiba is stepping up its efforts to retain its image as the Brazilian leader in terms of sustainable cities and the fight against climate change.",No.,"This is an example of a transformative change. The success of Curitiba derives from a mix of political leadership, innovation, pragmatism, technocracy, and continuity.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Public policy to reduce food loss and waste,"Albizzati, Paola Federica, Davide Tonini, Charlotte Boyer Chammard, and Thomas Fruergaard Astrup. 2019. ‘Valorisation of Surplus Food in the French Retail Sector: Environmental and Economic Impacts’. Waste Management 90 (May): 141–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.04.034;;Corréard, Valère. 2023. ‘Label anti-gaspi : “Valoriser les bons élèves auprès des consommateurs”’. L’info durable. 22 January 2023. https://www.linfodurable.fr/entreprises/valoriser-les-bons-eleves-aupres-des-consommateurs-36471;Agence de la transition écologique [ADEME]. 2018. ‘IAA témoins : moins de gaspillage alimentaire pour plus de performance’. La librairie ADEME. 2018. https://librairie.ademe.fr/consommer-autrement/897-iaa-temoins-moins-de-gaspillage-alimentaire-pour-plus-de-performance.html.",No,Not available to me at the time of writing,"This strategy led to nonlinear reductions in food loss and waste and feedback that can enable positive tipping points. Overall, France’s strategy achieved a rapid reduction in food waste and loss and created positive international feedback. For instance, a reduction of 18% of food waste was measured at 20 agroindustrial test sites during 9 months in 2018 (Agence de la transition écologique. In the distribution sector, a 7000 ton increase in food donations between 2016-2018 was measured by the Fédération française des banques alimentaires (FFBA). Moreover, France served as a pioneer in this policy field and had a role model effect on Finland, Sweden, Peru and Malaysia introducing similar national policies. 
",Europe,France,France,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Other,"France’s combined strategy consists of private initiatives by large retailers (e.g. Carrefour, having 20% market share) and NGOs (e.g. Phenix), but also a national political pact to fight food waste. ",1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, Energy, Services, Industry",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Research shows that such private initiatives can create positive political feedback by increasing the public salience of the food loss and waste issue and the demand for more stringent public food waste regulation,Yes,"The French law to fight food waste was initially focused on retailers. Although they are only directly responsible for 5% of food waste, retailers connect production and consumption and thus can have feedback effects in both directions of the food supply chain. Retailers' central role in the supply chain can therefore be considered a strategic intervention to trigger nonlinear change in the area of food loss and waste reduction.",no,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"When it was first introduced in 1998, the French national law to fight food waste only included tax incentives for supermarkets that donate food. But since 2016 it has become a regulatory instrument, and supermarkets that fail to donate their food can be penalised.",No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",No information available to me,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,This is an example of a transformative change focused on food and climate change,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The  Danish Plant-based Fund ,https://plantefonden.lbst.dk/;https://foodnationdenmark.com/news/denmark-invests-over-eur-90-million-in-fund-for-development-of-plant-based-foods/;https://gfieurope.org/blog/denmark-publishes-worlds-first-national-action-plan-for-plant-based-foods/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Plantefondens vision er, at plantebaserede fødevarer skal spille en betydningsfuld rolle
til gavn for fødevareerhvervets udviklingog for menneskers og klodens sundhed [The Plant Foundation's vision is for plant-based foods to play a significant role in the development of the food industry and the health of people and the planet].","The Danish Parliament unanimously passed a law to create the Fund for Plant-based Foods of DKK 675 million (over EUR 90 million). The aim of the fund is to increase the availability of plant-based options for Danish consumers and to make Denmark a leader in plant-based food production. Plant-based foods are more sustainable and environmentally friendly than animal-based foods, and they are often more nutritious as well. The Danish plant-based fund is an example of a recent policy change that takes a packaging approach and integrates measures along the supply chain by focusing on the opportunities of food system transformation. The new policy involves funds for plant-based food product development and marketing, plant-based eco-schemes that pay premiums to farmers who grow plant protein crops for human consumption.",Europe,Denmark,Denmark,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The program promotes environmental technologies targeting innovations in plant-based food processing facilities and a strategy and projects to develop ""green proteins,"" particularly proteins produced from fermentation and cultured meat. It also includes an action plan to promote plant-based foods and dietary shifts (e.g., via nudging in public canteens, restaurants, supermarkets, etc.). The establishment of the fund involved deliberation among key (partially opposing) stakeholder groups, such as environmental NGOs and farmer associations, and inputs from scientists focusing stakeholders’ attention on the opportunities of shifts towards plant-based food.
",No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"Production-focused policies that target farmers should be smartly combined and sequenced with policies along the entire supply-chain that foster demand-side shifts and provide a clear signal for a growing plant-based food market. Such measures can include public procurement standards, innovation subsidies for the development and scaling of alternatives to animal products, nudges in supermarkets and restaurants but also consumer-sided price instruments, such as tax reductions on plant-based foods or new pricing instruments for emission-intensive food products. ",No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The fund will support projects that will increase the farmers’ and companies’ interests in producing more plant-based foods, not only for the benefit of Danes, but also abroad. Denmark exports more food than Danes themselves consume, and the new, innovative plant-based products are likely to become a part of these exports.This news once again illustrates the pioneering spirit of Danish agriculture and food production, with the courage to explore and develop pathways to a more sustainable food production. Most notable is the unanimous agreement to effectuate this law and the deep involvement and support from the Danish parliamentarians to drive the shift towards a food system with less climate impact.","Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,No,"This is an example of a change with high transformative potential focused on food, health and climate change
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Galapagos Genetic Code ,https://www.galapagosscience.org/the-most-ambitious-citizen-science-project-developed-to-catalog-biodiversity-in-galapagos/#,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Galapagos Science Center seeks to be the leading research center in Latin America that promotes the conservation of the Galapagos and its fragile ecosystems. We support the sustainable development of iconic and native species, ecosystem goods and services, and the local population through interdisciplinary science achieved through an integrated approach to research, experiential education, and community outreach.","The most ambitious citizen science project developed to catalog biodiversity in Galapagos.The aim is to catalogue the biodiversity of the Galapagos Islands using genetic barcoding techniques through the eyes and hands of local people. The capacities created and technologies employed remain on the Islands for the future.The project’s goal is to catalogue the biodiversity of the Galapagos Islands by training and employing local people, who lost their jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic, in genetic barcode techniques.",America,Ecuador,Galapagos,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Yes,Years,,"Fisheries, Water, Services, Finance, Other",Technology,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"74 Galapagueños (45% women) employed by the project to contribute to citizen science activities and four additional people employed at a later stage. Since its launch, the project has become a diverse community that focusses on learning about the biodiversity of Galapagos and scientific knowledge, engaging local people with the conservation of the islands and their community. Despite the remoteness of the Islands, technology has allowed us to integrate a team of 84 people who worked from cities in six different locations: Isabela, Santa Cruz, San Cristóbal, Quito, California and England.
After the pandemic, four more citizen scientists were hired for laboratory analysis work.",Not available to me,Yes,The Barcode Galapagos project is driven by people who believe in the importance of science and research to better implement conservation strategies and support local communities. Involving local people by using citizen science was new for the monitoring of biodiversity in the Galapagos Islands,No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,The citizen science developed by the local inhabitants was in cluded in the monitoring program of the biodiversity in the islands,No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,By including the local knowledge of the local people in the monitoring of the biodiversity. Local people feels part of the system to preserve biodiversity of the islands,"Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",Technology,"Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,This is an example with high transformative potential to be replicated in other sites with lack of labour opportunities by people/communities impacted by a social-ecological and abrupt shock (e.g. COVID-19).,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Transformers,https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762,No,Not described.,"A Transformer is a type of machine learning model, it's an architecture of neural networks and a variant of transformer models architecture are introduced like BERT, GPT-2, GPT3, etc for several tasks that are built on the top of the transformer model. This study ushered in a new era of artificial intelligence. Transformers operate on an assembly of two deep neural networks, one for encoding and one for decoding. The leap in the quality of natural language understanding has been astonishing, to the point that solutions that a few years ago might have seemed futuristic (e.g. Siri, Alexia) now seem incredibly precarious.The goal of the article was to improve the aumatic translation between languages, and neither the authors nor Google foresaw the impact it would have in the future. The Transformer was a major breakthrough in the field of natural language processing, and has since become one of the most widely used architectures for tasks such as language translation, language modeling, and question answering. However, the Transformer's impact extends beyond natural language processing, and it has also been applied to tasks such as image generation and speech recognition.",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,Funded by Google,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,Technology - Artificial intelligence,Other,Global,Over a million,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,"Yes. The Center for Humane Technology (https://www.humanetech.com/podcast/the-ai-dilemma) highlights several aspects that could generate undesirable consequences on different groups of our societies. For example, they state the following key problems and challenges:

1) Half of AI researchers believe there's a 10% or greater chance that humans will go extinct from their inability to control AI. When we invent a new technology, we uncover a new class of responsibility. If that technology confers power, it will start a race - and if we don’t coordinate, the race will end in tragedy.

2) Humanity’s ‘First Contact’ moment with AI was social media - and humanity lost. We still haven’t fixed the misalignment caused by broken business models that encourage maximum engagement. Large language models (LLM) are humanity’s ‘Second Contact’ moment, and we’re poised to make the same mistakes.
‍
3) Guardrails you may assume exist actually don’t. AI companies are quickly deploying their work to the public instead of testing it safely over time. AI chatbots have been added to platforms children use, like Snapchat. Safety researchers are in short supply, and most of the research that’s happening is driven by for-profit interests instead of academia.
‍‍
4) The media hasn’t been covering AI advances in a way that allows you to truly see what’s at stake. We want to help the media better understand these issues. Cheating on your homework with AI or stealing copyrighted art for AI-generated images are just small examples of the systemic challenges that are ahead. Corporations are caught in an arms race to deploy their new technologies and get market dominance as fast as possible. In turn, the narratives they present are shaped to be more about innovation and less about potential threats. We should put the onus on the makers of AI - rather than on citizens - to prove its danger.","Most probably yes, as there are potential unintended consequences of the use of these tools in terms of property rights (high tech companies potentially creating monopolies, for what purposes is being used, the energy used to run these technologies, etc.)","Yes. For instance, we heart about the arrival of GPT-4, OpenAI’s latest large language model (LLM) release. GPT-4 surpasses its predecessor in terms of reliability, creativity, and ability to process intricate instructions. It can handle more nuanced prompts compared to previous releases, and is multimodal, meaning it was trained on both images and text. We don’t yet understand its capabilities - yet it has already been deployed to the public.

",Yes,The deployment of these new innovative technologies has been growing exponentially.,No,Other,Yes,"Public policy is an essential part of the solution in the movement toward humane technology. When policies focus on humane technology, they push tech companies to design and build products that are better for our well-being. For example, California recently passed the CA Kids Code which mandates that platforms design their products to ensure kids’ privacy and safety by default.

",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"In multiple ways. For example, social media platforms – like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok – are financially incentivized to amplify the most engaging content. This leads to an overrepresentation of fake news, disinformation, and divisive content. The cumulative impact on our information environment over the past 10+ years has increased polarization, election interference, legislative lockup, and other manipulative practices that undermine democracies world-wide. Engagement-driven platforms, especially Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and increasingly TikTok, have become critical communication infrastructure, shaping civic discourse and journalism. But these platforms don’t support nuanced conversations that are capable of representing and integrating multiple opposing viewpoints –  one of the central promises and values of democracy. Instead, they optimize for engagement, which systematically degrades our shared understanding:","Values, Human capital, Global coordination, Other",Technology,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Concentration of wealth, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",No,No,This is an example of a change with high transformative potential by using new technologies.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Urgenda Foundation v. State of the Netherlands,https://climatecasechart.com/non-us-case/urgenda-foundation-v-kingdom-of-the-netherlands/;https://www.nationalgeographic.com.es/mundo-ng/urgenda-fallo-historico-contra-cambio-climatico-holanda_15169; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_the_Netherlands_v._Urgenda_Foundation ,No,Not described,"State of the Netherlands v. Urgenda Foundation (Dutch: De Staat der Nederlanden v. Stichting Urgenda) was a court case heard by the Supreme Court of the Netherlands in 2019 related to government efforts to curtail carbon dioxide emissions. The case was brought against the Dutch government in 2013, arguing the government, by not meeting a minimum carbon dioxide emission-reduction goal established by scientists to avert harmful climate change, was endangering the human rights of Dutch citizens as set by national and European Union laws. The initial ruling in 2015, requiring the government to meet an emissions goal of 25% reduction from 1990 levels by 2020, was upheld through the Supreme Court on appeals, affirming that reduction in emissions was necessary for the Dutch government to protect human rights. It is the first such tort case taken against a government challenging climate change aspects based on a human rights foundation, and the first such successful climate justice case.",Europe,The Netherlands,The Netherlands,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry, Other",All economic sectors,Other,State,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,"The consequences are not estimated yet, but here we provide insights about their likely potential impacts ",I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,"The consequences are not estimated yet, but here we provide insights about their likely potential impacts ",Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Probably yes, while adopting the Court resolution by the Netherlands goverment would follow Paris Agreement targets, some economic sectors would potentially lose revenues/jobs due to the transitions towards those targets. ","Without the resolution of the Court stating that the state has a duty to take climate change mitigation measures due to the “severity of the consequences of climate change and the great risk of climate change occurring”, most vulnerable people and nature contributions to people within the The Netherlands would be compromised.",No,Yes," On 11 December 1997 in Kyoto, Japan, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change adopted a protocol that would lay the foundation for subsequent international agreements to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Years later, each summit (Montreal, Copenhagen, Cancun, Durban, through Paris and the latest convention in Madrid) expanded the commitments of the signatory countries to reduce their carbon footprint. So much for the theory. In many cases, however, theory and reality are quite different. In practice, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned in November 2019 that only 20% of the 184 countries that had committed to cut plans in the Paris Agreement were on track.  Even the Paris Agreement, signed by 195 countries in 2015 to limit global warming to 2°C by the end of the century, dubbed 'the first binding one', has ""fine print"" that clarifies that it is a hybrid framework agreement between ""general binding agreements and binding contributions at the national level"".",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,"The original 2015 ruling against the Netherlands was heralded worldwide as the first successful tort action against a government to address climate change to protect human rights, an area otherwise known as climate justice.  The ruling on the Netherlands case led to similar climate justice lawsuits in other countries, including Belgium, France, Ireland, Germany, New Zealand, Britain, Switzerland and Norway.

On Oct 9, 2018, the Hague Court of Appeal upheld the District Court's ruling, concluding that by failing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 25% by end-2020, the Dutch government is acting unlawfully in contravention of its duty of care under Articles 2 and 8 of the ECHR. The court recognized Urgenda’s claim under Article 2 of the ECHR, which protects a right to life, and Article 8 of the ECHR, which protects the right to private life, family life, home, and correspondence. The court determined that the Dutch government has an obligation under the ECHR to protect these rights from the real threat of climate change. The court rejected the government’s argument that the lower court decision constitutes “an order to create legislation” or violation of trias politica and the role of courts under the Dutch constitution. In response to these appeals, the court affirmed its obligation to apply provisions with direct effect of treaties to which the Netherlands is party, including Articles 2 and 8 of the ECHR. Further, the court found nothing in Article 193 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union that prohibits a member state from taking more ambitious climate action than the E.U. as a whole, nor that adaptation measures can compensate for the government’s duty of care to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, nor that the global nature of the problem excuses the Dutch government from action.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"A Dutch environmental group, the Urgenda Foundation, and 900 Dutch citizens sued the Dutch government to require it to do more to prevent global climate change. The court in the Hague ordered the Dutch state to limit GHG emissions to 25% below 1990 levels by 2020, finding the government’s existing pledge to reduce emissions by 17% insufficient to meet the state’s fair contribution toward the UN goal of keeping global temperature increases within two degrees Celsius of pre-industrial conditions. The court concluded that the state has a duty to take climate change mitigation measures due to the “severity of the consequences of climate change and the great risk of climate change occurring.” In reaching this conclusion, the court cited (without directly applying) Article 21 of the Dutch Constitution; EU emissions reduction targets; principles under the European Convention on Human Rights; the “no harm” principle of international law; the doctrine of hazardous negligence; the principle of fairness, the precautionary principle, and the sustainability principle embodied in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change; and the principle of a high protection level, the precautionary principle, and the prevention principle embodied in the European climate policy. The court did not specify how the government should meet the reduction mandate, but offered several suggestions, including emissions trading or tax measures. This is the first decision by any court in the world ordering states to limit greenhouse gas emissions for reasons other than statutory mandates.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, States",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential on food, climate change and health.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Akvo Caddisfly,https://akvo.org/our-vision-and-mission/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",We believe in the potential of data and technology to transform sustainable development worldwide.,"This is an accurate, reliable, gives instant quantitative results, less expensive (expected to retail at $75 without the phone and mapping system), reagent is readily available in the market to monitor water quality. No need of technical expertise.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"Akvo Flow helps you to capture, clean and monitor reliable data on water quality anywhere, regardless of internet connection, it can be visualised your data and easily share dynamic dashboards online. Akvo RSR is an online data platform where all planning, monitoring, evaluation and learning (PMEL) processes come together.",No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"The deployment of the kit helps governments to improve their policies/laws to manage water, climate change and agriculture.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The kit helps communities and people under water stress (e.g. contamination, etc.) to change their views and hope to have water available for agriculture (e.g. farmers) and consumption. The kit also helps reducing health problems (e.g. diarrea, etc.) of poor people which affect several aspects of quality of life such as school attendance, presence at work, among others. ","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential on food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust,http://maasaiwilderness.org/aboutus/; https://www.equatorinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/case_1370356385.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",The Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust (MWCT) works to protect the legendary ecosystems and astounding biodiversity of East Africa through conservation that directly benefits local Maasai communities.,"Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust preserves the wilderness, wildlife and cultural heritage of the AmboseliTsavo ecosystem – an important migration corridor between
two national parks. The organization of Maasai communities has mitigated unsustainable practices such as overgrazing and water-intensive farming and introduced alternative
livelihood options, including ecotourism. The community benefits from lease payments for conservancy zones, watershed protection, and the provision of ecotourism services. Ecotourism revenue funds community health and education programmes, including scholarships, teacher salaries and clean water. An innovative programme called ‘Wildlife Pays’ compensates Maasai herders on a quarterly basis for losses due to wildlife predation in exchange for their participation in conservation activities. An innovative partnership model with the Kenya Wildlife Service has allowed for both local livelihood improvements and extensive wildlife monitoring to improve the protection of threatened species.",Africa,Kenya,Kenya,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,"Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust (MWCT) was established in 2000 by the Maasai of Kuku Group Ranch as a grassroots conservation trust. The trust focuses on the Maasai landscape and the communities of Kenya's Chyulu Hills, which are set within the Amboseli-Tsavo region of southern Kenya.","Agriculture, Water, Services, Other",Tourism,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"The trust has experienced a great deal of success to date, and is well
positioned to not only sustain its operations, but to expand them.
The diversity of economic development and revenue-generating
activities pursued by the trust ensures that financing of ongoing
conservation efforts is secured in the short- to medium-term.
Perhaps most central in terms of organizational sustainability
will be continuing to ensure that benefits from the trust and from
its programs reach the community and are perceived by the local
population as positively impacting their lives.Special emphasis has been placed by the trust on working to ensure
the full and active engagement and participation of women in
conservation and natural resource management activities. As one
example, the first female community rangers were employed in
2011, which has engaged local women in the monitoring of wildlife.
Additionally, four of the ten Advisory Board members are women
from the Kuku Group Ranch community. This may not seem overly
significant, but is in fact a relatively progressive achievement in the
context of Maasai traditions. Roughly 46 per cent of the teachers
employed by MWCT are women, with 25 per cent of those coming
from within the Maasai community.",Not available to me,Yes,"The trust supports a number of conservation activities and maintains a conservation department that employs more than 100 local Maasai people. Conservation activities are divided into four
main areas: the conservancy program, the ‘Wildlife Pays’ program,
predator monitoring, and community wildlife rangers. In support of
these and other efforts, the trust has also constructed the Chyulu
Conservation and Research Centre, where it undertakes knowledge
management, research and information exchange activities. Another
activity, currently in the exploratory phase, is the development of
payment for ecosystem services (PES) schemes around forest and
water conservation.
The conservancy program: MWCT has developed a model for a
network of land conservancy zones that aims to maintain ecosystem
services on community-owned lands between the two national
parks. This will entail the protection of standing forest, grassland,
and wetlands, among other key landscape features, which entails
local landholders foregoing the use of the land for livestock. The
cornerstone of the trust approach is the negotiation of lease
payments for conservancy zones. To date, the group has negotiated
and secured two such management deals to protect a grassland
habitat reserve and a critical wetland, totalling 12,000 acres, both
of which lie within the migration corridor between the two national
parks. These deals allow the community to be compensated for
their stewardship of the local ecosystem, funding the creation of
alternative livelihood options, which has been important in a cattle-
dependent local economy that increasingly suffers from the impacts
of prolonged droughts. Within its education program, the
trust supports 20 local primary schools and one secondary school,
serving a total of 7,000 students. The trust operates these schools in
partnership with the Kenyan government, which provides support in
the form of schoolhouse construction, employment of teachers, and
the provision of stationery. ",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"An innovative governance arrangement and strategic partnerships have been central to the stability of the trust since its creation in 2000. MWCT is governed by a 13-member Board of Trustees, which includes ten Kenyans, including representatives of the local Maasai
community, and three international members (from Italy, Spain
and USA respectively). The Board of Trustees plays an advisory role and guides the Trustees
in setting goals and coming up with strategies to achieve them. A Development Committee, appointed by the community, consists of six Maasai men and four Maasai women. The Development Committee advises the Board on the most pressing needs of the community. Another Advisory Board is comprised of six community- elected officials along with the Trust’s President.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"In each of its programs, Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust (MWCT) is demonstrating effective and creative solutions that protect local ecosystems and support a model
for delivering long-term benefits for rural communities. Strong
community approval for MWCT benefit-sharing arrangements
represents a key social component of the initiative’s stability and
long-term sustainability. The trust holds itself to a high level of
accountability to the community it serves, notably including how
revenues flow into the community. The vast majority of direct benefits
are paid in the form of new employment, whether in the community
ranger program, at the Chyulu Conservation and Research Centre, or
within the education and healthcare programs.","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential on food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Terrastories,https://terrastories.app/how-it-works/#methodology,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Terrastories is a geostorytelling application built to enable Indigenous and other local communities to locate and map their own oral storytelling traditions about places of significant meaning or value to them.,"Terrastories is an application for communities to map, protect, and share stories about their land. It can be used by individuals or communities who want to connect audio or video content to places on a map. It is designed to be user-friendly and fun to interact with, allowing community members to freely explore without needing any technical background.
Terrastories began when a team of geographers from the Amazon Conservation Team and software developers from Ruby for Good decided to start building Terrastories to help a community in South America map their place-based oral histories. The Matawai Maroons of Suriname, a community of formerly enslaved Africans who fled into the forests over three centuries ago and reside there today, wanted to map oral histories about when their ancestors first arrived in these lands. The community leaders were interested in having a tool that helps the young people get to know these places, their history, their culture, and who they are as a people. ",America,"Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela",Amazon,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,No,Yes,The use of the tool helps Indigenous peoples to maintain their knowledge over time and space,No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Other",Yes,"Community members can add places and stories through a user-friendly interface, and make decisions about designating certain stories as private or restricted. Terrastories works both online and offline, so that remote communities can access the application entirely without needing internet connectivity.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,By enabling Indigenous and other local communities to locate and map their own oral storytelling traditions about places of significant meaning or value to them.,"Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for Indigenous peoples, and focused on land, food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Native Land,https://native-land.ca/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We strive to map Indigenous lands in a way that changes, challenges, and improves the way people see history and the present day. We hope to strengthen the spiritual bonds that people have with the land, its people, and its meaning.","Native Land Digital has a wide range of impacts on individuals, classrooms, and others who view and interact with our map and associated content. We provide a Teacher’s Guide, Territory Acknowledgement Generator, a blog, and other content in an effort to widen this impact along the lines of our missions.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"Native Land is an app to help map Indigenous territories, treaties, and languages.

",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,"For Native Land Digital, what they are mapping is more than just a flat picture. The land itself is sacred, and it is not easy to draw lines that divide it up into chunks that delineate who “owns” different parts of land. In reality, they know that the land is not something to be exploited and “owned”, but something to be honoured and treasured. However, because of the complexities of history, the kind of mapping they undertake is an important exercise, insofar as it brings an awareness of the real lived history of Indigenous peoples and nations in a long era of colonialism.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"By improving the relationship of people, Indigenous and non-Indigenous, with the land around them and with the real history and sacredness of that land. This involves acknowledging and righting the wrongs of history, and also involves a personal journey through the importance of connecting with the earth, its creatures, and its teachings.","Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for Indigenous peoples, and focused on land, food, climate change and health.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Guardians of the waters,https://www.guardians-of-the-waters.com/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",A journey about women protecting water in Brazil,"It is about grassroots groups led by women who protect water and have been facing attacks from governments and large companies in Brazil. These groups propose ways of living in harmony with nature, and other alternatives that avoid the depletion of natural resources.",America,Brazil,Brazil,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Water",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"Yes, violence became more directed to specific targets, with an increase of deaths against young black people, indigenous peoples, and an increase in violence against LGBTQIA+ communities . There was also an increase in attacks against the environment, with increase in deforestation in Brazil’s largest biomes, causing water scarcity, as well as water pollution due to intensive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. It is important that funding reaches the most affected groups, who, besides suffering most directly the effects of water scarcity and pollution, also provide efficient alternatives",No,Yes,By showcasing the fight of women towards protecting water.,No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Defenders, especially women defenders, are essential in upholding rights in communities when development projects are being implemented, making them crucial stakeholders during negotiations as they can reduce the gaps on how we manage water .",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"Defenders play a central role for better policies and accountability. Specifically, women rights defenders are pivotal in addressing discrimination and inequality and advancing civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including in the context of prevention, peace and security and sustainable development. However, these defenders who are key to a more inclusive development are systemically attacked. Worldwide, between 2015 and 2019, 1.323 defenders were assassinated, 70% in Latin America, and Brazil had the second largest number of assassinations in this period, 174. And women human rights defenders (WHRD) suffered specific and heightened forms of attack . These attacks come not only from the agenda and defense of rights that they propose, but also because by engaging in public spaces they challenge social roles imposed on women . It is important to mention that many of these attacks are not registered, and often the available data does not dive sufficiently deep into the intersectionality of gender, race, and other factors","Values, Changes in primary sector",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for women focused on water.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Namati,https://namati.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","A vision of a global movement of people who advance social and environmental justice by knowing, using, and shaping the law.","Advance social and environmental justice by building a movement of people who know, use, and shape the law. Power and wealth are extremely concentrated. Authoritarianism and nativism have gained ground, and we are speeding towards environmental collapse. Namati and members of the Grassroots Justice Network advance social and environmental justice by building a movement of people who know, use, and shape the law. Namati convenes the Grassroots Justice Network—over 2,500 groups and 10,000 individuals from every part of the world. Members are learning from one another, advocating together, and joining forces to bring justice everywhere.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,Law,Other,Individual,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"Yes. Families from discriminated minority groups have obtained critical ID documents for the first time. Communities overburdened by pollution have persuaded factories and mines to comply with environmental regulations. Forest dwellers have protected hundreds of thousands of acres of rainforest from unlawful destruction. Patients have prevailed upon their health facilities to install running water and provide private exam rooms to ensure dignified care. Building on this grassroots experience, movements in each of those countries have envisioned, demanded, and won dozens of systemic changes, including, in Sierra Leone, one of the world’s most progressive laws on land and environmental justice; in Myanmar, legal recognition of the customary land rights of ethnic minorities; and in Mozambique, a nationwide-system for ensuring community participation in the governance of healthcare.",No,Yes,"Justice is critical to sustainable development. The collective advocacy was instrumental in securing the inclusion of access to justice – what is known as Goal 16 – in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. On the heels of that win, the Network launched the Justice For All (JFA) campaign to turn the groundbreaking commitment into results.",,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",Yes,"For example, between 2012 and 2021, Namati partnered with the Centre for Policy Research to study the dynamics between written environmental regulations and actual implementation of these regulations. This was aimed at understanding the capacity for enforcement and the underlying political economy of environmental regulation in India.",,"Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"Their work is led by people who often have firsthand experience with the injustices they fight. Paralegals, who have always constituted the majority of our people, come from the communities with whom they work.","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, States",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for vulnerable people, and focused on justice and environmental problems.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante; TCA technical support unit,sebastian.villasante@usc.es;  ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,China one-child policy,"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2126838/#:~:text=The%20policy%20has%20been%20beneficial,only%20children%20in%20the%20cities; https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:41083696; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-child_policy#Background;https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6a81314.html",No,No,"The initiative was a population planning initiative in China implemented between 1979 and 2015 to curb the country's population growth by restricting many families to a single child. The program had wide-ranging social, cultural, economic, and demographic effects, although the contribution of one-child restrictions to the broader program has been the subject of controversy.",Asia,China,China,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Public sector,,1980-1990,No,2015,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry, Other",The population in the whole country,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Temperate grasslands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large negative effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,"There is great debate surrounding the demographic impact of China’s population control policies, especially the one-birth restrictions, which ended only recently.China's population control policies have also been recognized as being effective. This ‘effectiveness’ is based on the estimations that hundreds of millions of births had been ‘averted’ and the penalty of “above-quota-births” was found reducing births in rural China. Chinese scholars campaigned to scrap the one-child policy for more than a decade, on the grounds that the country’s total fertility rate was worryingly behind the replacement rate. In the 1970s, the total fertility rate (births per woman) fell from 5.8 in 1970 to 2.75 in 1979. In the 1980s, the rate hovered above the replacement level of 2.1 that would allow the population to replace itself, but since the 1990s, it has declined to below the replacement level. The 2010 and 2020 censuses yielded total fertility rates of 1.18 and 1.30 respectively. This further fell to an alarming 1.15 in 2021, according to figures from the National Bureau of Statistics.
By 2050, some analysts predict one in four people in China will be retired and the working population will have shrunk by 10%, with huge economic and social implications.
","The population control program had wide-ranging social effects, particularly for Chinese women. Patriarchal attitudes and a cultural preference for sons led to the abandonment of unwanted infant girls, some of whom died and others of whom were adopted abroad.Over time, this skewed the country's sex ratio toward men and created a generation of ""missing women"".However, the policy also resulted in greater workforce participation by women who would otherwise have been occupied with childrearing, and some girls received greater familial investment in their education.In 2014, for example, The Economist labeled the ‘China one-child policy’ as the fourth largest ‘action’ to slow global warming, estimated at 1.3bn tonnes of CO2. In addition, some studies (https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0195925509000250) show that population has the largest potential effect on environmental impact, followed by urbanisation level, industrialisation level, GDP per capita and energy intensity. Hence, China's One Child Policy, which restrains rapid population growth, has been an effective way of reducing the country's environmental impact. However, due to the difference in growth rates, GDP per capita had a higher effect on the environmental impact, contributing to 38% of its increase (while population's contribution was at 32%). The rapid decrease in energy intensity was the main factor restraining the increase in China's environmental impact but recently it has also been rising. Against this background, the future of the country looks bleak unless a change in human behaviour towards more ecologically sensitive economic choices occurs. ","China's population control policies have also been recognized as being effective. This ‘effectiveness’ is based on the estimations that hundreds of millions of births had been ‘averted’  and the penalty of “above-quota-births” was found reducing births in rural China. The one-child policy has been challenged for violating a human right to determine the size of one's own proper family. According to a 1968 proclamation of the International Conference on Human Rights, ""Parents have a basic human right to determine freely and responsibly the number and the spacing of their children. A long-term experiment in a county in Shanxi, in which the family planning law was suspended, also suggested that families would not have many more children even if the law were abolished. A 2003 review of the policy-making process behind the adoption of the one-child policy shows that less intrusive options, including those that emphasized delay and spacing of births, were known but not fully considered by China's political leaders.",Yes,"The urban population in the cities was acceptive of the policy, given the already crowded circumstances in urban areas. Incentives offered by the state also were effective to make the urban population compliant with the newly-introduced family planning. Families that signed the single-child pledge and met the requirements of having only one child were given access to housing and daycare, while non-compliant ones would receive penalties. Examples are obstructing the parents' careers and delaying the payment of their salaries.

The rural population was more resistant to the policy: and variations upon the policy were permitted. Mothers of a daughter in several rural provinces were allowed to have a single additional child (a ""1.5-child"" policy) and families in remote areas a second or third child.After collective co-ops were dismantled and decollectivization took place, children became more valued by their parents, as a source of agricultural production, and as a source of the care required by ageing parents. Due to the inherently patrilocal nature of marriage, it was expected that daughters would leave their parents and contribute labor to their husbands' households. The consequent preference for sons came into conflict with the one-child policy and government enforcement of this policy. ",No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Other",Yes,"Implementation of the policy was handled at the national level primarily by the National Population and Family Planning Commission and at the provincial and local level by specialized commissions.Officials used pervasive propaganda campaigns to promote the program and encourage compliance. The strictness with which it was enforced varied by period, region, and social status. In some cases, women were forced to use contraception, receive abortions, and undergo sterilization. Families who violated the policy faced large fines and other penalties.",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,Some analysis suggest that the population control policies implemented from 1979 have no significant demographic effect compared to a looser operationalization of population control and economic development. An important lesson for other countries that are planning to introduce population controls: the stricter controls might not be the effective one.,"Population size, Changes in primary sector",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Policy-related challenges, Other",Population growth,The challenge which was not able to be overcome is how the population in China has increased the level of consumption of natural resources.,"This is an example with high transformative potential on food, health and climate change. However, this policy has had negative effects on population and gender rights in China.","No, this is something to avoid",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Rainforest Foundation Fund,https://rainforestfoundation.org/;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest_Foundation_Fund,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The mission of the Rainforest Foundation is to support Indigenous and traditional peoples of the world’s rainforests in their efforts to protect their environment and uphold their rights by assisting them in: a) Securing and controlling the natural resources necessary for their long term well being and managing these resources in ways which do not harm their environment, violate their culture or compromise their future; and​ b) Developing the means to protect their individual and collective rights and to obtain, shape and control basic services from the state.","The Rainforest Fund supports projects that defend indigenous people's rights to their lands and to live in a healthy environment. The Fund assists rainforest indigenous communities by helping them achieve official demarcation of their territories and then ensuring they are able to effectively defend their communities from violations of their rights including illegal logging, mining, other land invasions, and social disenfranchisement/denial of their rights as citizens.",America,"Brazil, Guyana, Peru and Panama","Brazil, Guyana, Peru and Panama",,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"In January 1990 the fund's first campaign came under fire by the French edition of 'Rolling Stone' magazine in an article that mentioned the failings of Dutilleux's previous work in the rainforest and criticized the organization for holding lavish fundraising banquets.[16]

The 'Rolling Stone' article was used as the basis for a documentary by Granada Television's 'World in Action' program. The show, called 'Sting and the Indians', was re-broadcast in the United States on the A&E cable network hosted by Bill Kurtis.[17]

The primary claim of both was that the project in Brazil was misrepresenting the facts to donors, as some of the Kayapo's traditional land was already ""protected"" within the Xingu National Park. In fact, the Xingu Park is actually a large indigenous-controlled area, the first in Brazil, so it is an indigenous territory, not a national ""park"". Moreover, the Fund's initial project supported demarcation of the Mengkragnoti Area, which is right next to/contiguous with the Xingu Park, and did not demarcate the park itself.

In 2002, 2003, and 2004 the US branch of the organization was given zero stars out of four by Charity Navigator, primarily because only 43-60% of funds during those years were spent on programs on the ground.[18] For example, in 2008 the US Foundation had total revenues of $1.27 Million of which only $404,000 went to 'Project Payments' according to the Foundation's very own 2008 IRS tax filings. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest_Foundation_Fund#Criticisms
",Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"In partnership with Indigenous peoples to protect vital rainforest ecosystems and address the climate crisis. They provide support to Indigenous communities and organizations to secure their rights to their traditional lands and livelihoods. As an organization, RFUS prides itself on being nimble and flexible, engaging with their partners over the long term on initiatives based on their priorities and aspirations. 
",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"RFUS supports partners to advocate for national and international policy change as it relates to Indigenous peoples’ rights, forest protection and restoration, natural resource management, climate action, and biodiversity preservation. RFUS also works with Indigenous peoples to obtain legal representation to secure land rights, settle disputes, and seek justice for human rights violations perpetrated against environmental defenders.

",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"They help Indigenous peoples to maintain territories/lands, as forests protected by Indigenous peoples play a vital role in capturing carbon, crucial in our fight against climate change.
","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities, Other",Violation of Indigenous rights and costums,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for Indigenous peoples, and focused on land, food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Cool Earth,https://www.coolearth.org/es/annual-reports/; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cool_Earth#History,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We prevent rainforest destruction by supporting the Indigenous peoples and local communities who rely on and live in the rainforest. They have the longest and best track record at keeping the rainforest standing, allowing it to remain a carbon sink.","Cool Earth is a UK-based international NGO that funds Indigenous communities to protect endangered rainforests in order to combat the climate crisis and protect ecosystems. The charity is associated with long term partnerships with Indigenous villages, unconditional cash transfers and advocating for basic income as an effective conservation strategy. It shares many of its methods and values with organisations and networks like Give Directly and the Basic Income Earth Network",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Energy",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The provision of resources for these areas enables the building of sustainable livelihoods, better schools, better clinics and the empowerment of partner villages to monitor their forest and secure it from illegal logging.",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"Since 2008, alongside their community-led projects they have provided over £2m in unconditional cash transfer payments to communities in the rainforest. They started with one village in the Amazon, and now work with 30 across Peru and Papua New Guinea on cash transfers alone. This is the most innovative programme of work, and it’s fair and scalable. Cash brings freedom for people to conceive their own future development.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"This programme is not about payments for ecosystem services and rainforest-derived carbon credits, which do not put the rights of people living in the rainforest first.
Rainforest Labs provide infrastructure, technology, and data to local people so that they can continue to protect their livelihoods and forest.","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life, Other",Violation of Indigenous and vulnerable groups rights ,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for Indigenous peoples and vulnerable groups,  focused on land, food andd climate change.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Genome Human Project,https://www.genome.gov/about-nhgri/NHGRI-Vision-and-Mission;https://www.nature.com/articles/526029a; https://www.nature.com/articles/s41576-020-0275-3,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","To improve the health of all humans through advances in genomics research.

","The Human Genome Project (HGP) is one of the greatest scientific feats in history. The project was a voyage of biological discovery led by an international group of researchers looking to comprehensively study all of the DNA (known as a genome) of a select set of organisms. Launched in October 1990 and completed in April 2003, the Human Genome Project’s signature accomplishment – generating the first sequence of the human genome – provided fundamental information about the human blueprint, which has since accelerated the study of human biology and improved the practice of medicine. Whether an individual develops disease as a function of environmental exposure also depends on the type of exposure, the amount of the exposure, and the timing of the exposure with regard to a person's age and stage of development. Thanks to research like the Human Genome Project, we can precisely measure genetic variability between individuals. However, right now we cannot measure exposure to environmental agents with the same precision.Our goal is to achieve this same precision in measuring environmental influences and the bodys' response to these factors",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,Other,All  of them indirectly,Other,Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"AS the human genome project drives steadily forward, the vast new effort to delineate all three billion chemical building blocks of humanity's genetic makeup is arousing alarm, derision and outright fury among an increasingly activist segment of the biomedical community. The critics argue that the human genome project has been sold on hype and glitter, rather than its scientific merits, and that it will drain talent, money and life from smaller, worthier biomedical efforts. https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/05/science/great-15-year-project-to-decipher-genes-stirs-opposition.html","Although now staunchly behind the genome project, scientists at the health institutes initially scorned the whole notion. The idea for a huge DNA analysis project first arose at Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore laboratories, the Energy Department's national weapon research centers. Scientists there were trying to determine whether the offspring of the survivors of the Hiroshima bomb had mutations in their DNA as a result of their parents' exposure to radiation.
",,Yes,"Environmental health is the field of science that studies how the environment influences human biology and the risk of developing disease. In this context, environmental exposure means chemicals such as metals and solvents, and biological agents such as toxins released from mold and bacteria, that are contaminants of the natural environment of air, water, and soil. It also encompasses lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity. For most common diseases, such as obesity, asthma, and neurodegenerative disease, environmental exposures represent an important factor contributing to the development and progression of disease.",,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Other",Yes,"Our human genome is part of what makes each of us unique. Because of the DNA studies which were part of HGP, we have begun to develop a process called “DNA fingerprinting.” By comparing DNA samples, one from an individual and another collected, we have another method of identifying people who may have committed a crime. As the science behind this process continues to improve, our systems of criminal justice can become more effective.",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,"As we get to know more about the human body, we can understand how to manage and cure various conditions. Even genetic conditions could be treated, and even cured, because of the work conducted by the Human Genome Project. Understanding our genetic profile means doctors could diagnose conditions were more certainty, even if they are rare. This would lead to more early detection incidents. Over time, the prognosis rate would increase.","Values, Other",Genes and environmental interactions,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,This is an example with high transformative potential for Humanity.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Maya Pedal,http://www.mayapedal.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","To support the basic family economy by supplying Bicimáquinas, being an effective alternative for rural development in Guatemala.
","Maya Pedal is an NGO based in San Andrés Itzapa, a small town in central Guatemala, that recycles bicycle parts to build machines that simplify various tasks and have transformed the lives of communities where electricity does not reach. They are ""bicimáquinas"": adaptations of bicycle parts that solve a problem or facilitate a previously difficult task. intermediate technology between the artisanal and the industrial that increases productivity and family income without interrupting or modifying too much the way people relate to each other in the community.

""Bicimáquinas"" extract water, shuck corn, wash clothes, manufacture thermal tiles, transport passengers or materials, prepare milkshakes or pulp coffee, among other tasks. They are made of wood, concrete, metal and, of course, bicycle parts. 

Bike technology, says Maya Pedal's manifesto, has a number of very attractive advantages: it is accessible, it does not pollute and it promotes physical exercise that promotes health and minimizes stress.

",America,Guatemala,Guatemala,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Energy, Services, Finance",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,,No,Yes,"Bicimáquinas are pedal-powered machines that allow the user to carry out different activities without the need for electricity. These machines are handcrafted in Maya Pedal's workshop located in Guatemala.
",,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"The bicimáquinas are open source creations, that is, anyone can access their instructions for use and replicate them according to their needs. This factor has been key for Carlos Marroquín's invention to be replicated in countries such as Mexico, Tanzania, India and Brazil.
",No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,"They use used bicycle parts to build Bicimáquinas that they give to individuals and groups at subsidized prices. They support small self-sustainable projects in order to preserve or improve the environment, health, productivity and economy of rural families.
","Values, Changes in primary sector",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Solar sister,https://solarsister.org/about-us/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Solar Sister envisions a more prosperous world powered by women entrepreneurs.,"Everyone should have access to clean energy. In sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 600 million people have no access to electricity and over 700 million must rely on harmful fuels, it’s women who bear the huge burden of this energy poverty and who disproportionately shoulder the harmful effects of climate change.

Solar Sister believes women are a key part of the solution to the clean energy challenge. This is why we invest in women’s enterprise in off-grid communities. They see the opportunity to empower women and to reach those who aren’t reached by business-as-usual energy models. Centering local women in a rapidly growing clean energy sector is essential to eradicating poverty and achieving sustainable solutions to climate change and a host of development issues. 

The program achieved these impacts: Over 4.3 million people reached with clean energy products; More than 9,900 local women entrepreneurs; Generated over $300 Million of economic benefit in off-grid communities, and Mitigated over 1,300,000 Metric Tonnes of C02e emissions.",Africa,"Nigeria, Kenya",Africa,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Energy",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"Providing a grassroots solution to a global energy crisis, Solar Sister combines the breakthrough potential of clean energy technology with a deliberately women-centered direct sales network. Solar Sister has built a network of more than 4,500 women entrepreneurs who earn income while bringing access to clean energy technologies to more than 3.5M people in Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda.

In the long term, Solar Sister provides livelihoods and energy access in rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa – breaking the cycle of poverty by creating economic opportunities for women entrepreneurs and access to energy for the women, their families, and their off-grid communities.",No,Yes,"Working in rural Africa, Solar Sister recruits, trains and supports women to become Solar Sister Entrepreneurs. The women build sustainable businesses selling solar lamps, mobile phone chargers and fuel efficient cook stoves",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Using their natural networks of family, friends and neighbors to provide the most effective distribution channel to rural and hard to reach customers the women earn much needed income to support their families and provide a vital service to their communities",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes," Access to clean energy and simple light has profound benefits including improved education, health and economic outcomes.","Values, Human capital, Structural transition",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential on food, climate change and health.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Living tongues,https://livingtongues.org/our-mission/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The mission of the Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages is to promote the documentation, maintenance, preservation, and revitalization of endangered languages worldwide through linguist-aided, community-driven multimedia language documentation projects.","They  worked in over 100 endangered language communities worldwide between 2005 and 2019. We provided free online workshops to over 200 language activists in 25+ countries in 2020-2023. We have helped communities build hundreds of Living Dictionaries through mentorship, technical assistance and data curation.",Global,Global,Global,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Other,Culture,I don´t know,Community,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The research teams document endangered languages and cultural practices, publish scientific studies, run digital training workshops to empower language activists, and collaborate with communities to create language resources that will serve as a basis for language revitalization. One of the institute's projects involves training indigenous youth who are not native speakers of their communities' traditional languages to record and document their elders' languages, in order to improve documentation of those languages and to ""build pride"" among speakers. ",No,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",Yes,"Living Dictionaries are collaborative multimedia web tools that can help languages survive for generations to come. Ideal for maintaining indigenous as well as diaspora languages, Living Dictionaries are never out-of-print, infinitely expandable resources. They go well beyond a static print dictionary, combining language data with digital audio recordings of speakers and other multimedia. Living Dictionaries address the urgent need to provide comprehensive, freely accessible tech tools for community activists and linguists engaged in grassroots conservation efforts and revitalization programs around the world.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"Mantaining languagues through capacity building and powerful tools are good instruments to conserve culture of Indigenous peoples and local communities, and their relationships with nature.","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for indigenous peoples and local communities on food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,AKTEA,https://akteaplatform.eu/que-hacemos/?lang=es,No,No,They are a network of women in fisheries who work collectively for the formal recognition of women’s role in the sector and to ensure access for women of fishing communities to decision-making at European and national level.,Europe,"Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
""",Multiple countries,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"Yes. The network aimed to create a network of women in fisheries who work collectively for the formal recognition of women’s role in the sector and to ensure access for women of fishing communities to decision-making at European and national level.

",No,Yes,"Since 2006, AKTEA has been acting at European and national level to gain recognition for the role of women in fisheries and aquaculture and to achieve gender equality in these sectors. AKTEA’s other priorities include gaining  access for women to  decision-making processes within fisheries management at EU level (Advisory Councils) and within national fishers’ organisations, access to vocational training,  and of course the defence of small scale fisheries and fishing communities in general.

",,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"AKTEA wants  to make the role of women in fisheries  visible and recognized; employment statistics in the fisheries to reflect gender; women to have access to decision-making on fisheries management and coastal development; enhanced visibility of coastal and inland fishing communities and women’s contributions to these communities; and a greater exchange of experiences and sharing of knowledge.

",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"AKTEA is the European network of fisherwomen’s organisations in Europe. Its name derives from the Goddess of Hellenic mythology symbolising the shore, which is the spring of the fisheries-based livelihood for European women in Small Scale Fisheries (SSF).

AKTEA is the result of a three year programme of exchanges of experiences between fisherwomen from different EU Member States on their contributions to fisheries and aquaculture. Exchanges focused on the role of women in the private sphere (fisheries enterprises) and public sphere (organisations and collective’s actions). Following this amazing experience, a number of women’s organisations decided to maintain this transnational dynamic by establishing AKTEA to continue their action. In 2006,","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Policy-related challenges, Other",Invisibilization of women in the EU fisheries sector,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for women and local communities on food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Aponiente,https://www.aponiente.com/,No,No,"Because this chef offers a unique and different reinterpretation of 21st century seafood cuisine by combining sustainable local seafood and art. In 2007, Angel León (Chef) developed a machine to clarify broths through seaweed called ""Clarimax"". Two years later, he became the first chef in the world to develop plankton as an ingredient for human consumption.",Europe,Spain,Cadiz,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"The chef developed new menus by combining traditions, sustainable and local seafood combined with creativity and imagination, highlighting the improtance of emotions when eating seafood.",No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,By showing that chefs are transformative actors through the use of restaurants to promote only sustainable and local seafood.,No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,By creating a new way to only consume sustainable and local seafood products,"Values, Changes in primary sector",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for and local communities on food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,La Patrona,https://algaslapatrona.com/en/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","La Patrona brings you one of the most nutritious and tasty foods, premium quality seaweed from the Galician estuaries. Harvested with care to ensure minimum impact on the environment and to guarantee sustainability.

","This new small enteprise started to comercialize seaweed which have been historically not use in coastal ecosystems. Organic, vegan, seasonal are now available all year round depending on their variety, and strongly rich in minerals and vitamins. These are some of the many qualities of seaweeds. Since the success of the commercialization in traditional markets, the supermarket Alcampo since 2019  the company's seaweed has been available in the fishmongers' shops.",Europe,Spain,Vilagarcia,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,These sustainable and healthy product are mainly harvested by women and also commercialized by women too.,No,Yes,The supply of these products to the population create new ways of using seaweeds in different plates for kids and families.,No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"Th creation of he La Patrona company (small enterprise) allowed the population to use seaweeds for consumption, when seaweeda have been traditionally wasted in coastal ecosystems.",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,"Due to the higher supply of seaweeds in traditional markets and supermarkets, these sustainable and healthy products are now accessible for the population.","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for women and local communities on food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Green wave,https://www.greenwave.org/; information also from the database of the seeds for a good anthropocene,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","They are developing and promoting a new form of marine aquaculture which they call “3D Ocean Farming”. This method consists of using the whole ocean column to create a controlled ecosystem that produce a variety of marine food products at the same time, including kelp, mussels, oysters, and clams.","This method consists of using the whole ocean column to create a controlled ecosystem that produce a variety of marine food products at the same time, including kelp, mussels, oysters, and clams.This method is low input, high density, and easily replicated. The set-up consists of rope scaffolding, hurricane-proof anchors, and cages submerged into offshore waters, and it essentially creates a diverse and functioning coastal ecosystem (the fancy scientific word for this is Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture).  Sugar kelp, the type of seaweed grown by GreenWave, is also high in vitamin C, K, iron, calcium, iodine, and magnesium. And humans aren’t the only ones who can benefit from consuming it. Livestock produce methane emissions (a gas that’s damaging due to its effectiveness at trapping heat) equivalent to 7 gigatonnes of CO2 per year, similar to a year of transport emissions. Including seaweed in the diet of cows can help reduce their methane emissions by as much as 82%, with sustainable results and no effect on dairy taste. As if that all weren’t enough, non-food grade farmed seaweed can also be turned into straws, paper, and bioplastic packaging.

 ",America,"Canada, USA",Canada and the US,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Other",shellfishing and aquaculture,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"The Director of the Green Wave was calls the method 3D farming, or using the whole water column for a multi-layered farm of seaweed, oysters, scallops, and mussels. Because it sits vertically, below the surface, it can produce a large harvest with a small footprint—all without needing any fresh water, fertiliser, or antibiotics. And GreenWave says it’s accessible to anyone with 20 acres, a boat, and US$20-50k to start their own farm.",No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Since its inception and thanks to its positive impact on its environment, GreenWave’s model has also been called regenerative or restorative ocean farming. The multitude of crops grown mimics the diversity of ocean reefs, where species work together to support ecosystems. Not only does the polyculture help with underwater “reforestation” as they put it, oysters can improve water quality by removing nitrogen and thus potentially help reduce dead zones. Seaweed can also help as it draws both nitrogen and carbon out of the water as it grows. It’s rich in nutrients, protein, and fibre, ultimately providing a healthy addition to diets – although, like with any food, moderation is key.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"Helping regenerative farmers get started is GreenWave’s long-term objective: their ten-year goal is to help 10,000 ocean farmers with training, tools, and support. There are over 7,000 people on the waiting list, they say, and they have requests to start farms in over 100 countries. Their training ranges from low-touch (webinars and online toolkits) to high-touch (farmer hotlines, hands-on training, and a Farmer Support and Buyer Network).","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector",,"Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential for  local communities on food, climate change and health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Revive & Restore,https://reviverestore.org/; Redford et al 2013 Synthetic Biology and Conservation of Nature: Wicked Problems and Wicked Solutions PloS Biology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001530;https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/revive-restore-2012 ,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Our vision is to revive biodiversity and restore ecosystems for millennia to come.,"Revive and Restore is a NGO that aims to promote the use of rapidly advancing genomic technology for biological conservation and rewilding by enhancing the genetic diversity of small populations, and they hope resurrecting extinct species or de-extinction.The DNA of many extinct animals is often preserved and their genomes can be reconstructed, and may be able to be combined with that of their close relatives to produce novel organisms that reinvent previously extinct organisms, with the hope that these animals can than establish self-sustaining populations, that recreate key ecological functions.",Global,USA,USA,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Urban/Semi-urban",City,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,"Revive & Restore has caused controversy. In particular, Brand's work in de-extinction has been characterized as ""playing god"" and criticized for taking time and money away from traditional conservation efforts. In addition, many are concerned by the concept of cloning, even in the context of conservation. The topic of de-extinction made media headlines numerous times during the 2010s. In March 2013, Revive & Restore hosted a TED conference called TEDxDeExtinction in collaboration with National Geographic to publicize the conversation on de-extinction. A series of speakers with experience in history and technology related to de-extinction delivered talks discussing how de-extinction would work and why they felt it could become a necessity. Supporters largely saw de-extinction as a way to make up for past mistakes that drove species like the passenger pigeon to extinction while revitalizing ecosystems. On the other hand, critics claimed that de-extinction was inadequate because it would not address many human activities that continue to drive species toward extinction.

Additionally, skeptics such as Stuart Pimm, a conservation biology researcher, worried that species created through de-extinction could actually end up harming a habitat more than helping it. Because the organisms created through de-extinction are not genetically identical to the extinct ones, he suggests it will be hard for an animal to adopt the exact niches that were once done by the extinct species, especially without parents or a herd teaching them social behaviors. Additionally, the ecosystems that those organisms are being introduced into may have already evolved to exist without them. Because of that, introducing new organisms may disrupt the balance evolved in their absence. Lastly, Susan Clayton, a researcher of conservation psychology, among other critics, suggested that if extinction suddenly seems like a reversible process, it may decrease support for conservation because people may believe that they have no responsibility in any further extinctions. For critics like Pimm and Clayton, the risks of de-extinction may outweigh the benefits. 

Although there is a potential risk, as of 2020 Revive & Restore continues to present their ideas at annual international science conferences such as the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, which calls itself a global authority on the measures needed to safeguard the planet.

https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/revive-restore-2012",See comments to Q 17-18," A recent scientific paper (Is It Time for Synthetic Biodiversity Conservation?),argues that:
The field of synthetic biology, which is capable of altering natural genomes with extremely precise editing, might offer the potential to resolve some intractable conservation problems (e.g., invasive species or pathogens). However, it is our opinion that there has been insufficient engagement by the conservation community with practitioners of synthetic biology. We contend that rapid, large-scale engagement of these two communities is urgently needed to avoid unintended and deleterious ecological consequences.  Others disagree, some conservations worry that a focus on de-extinction will reduce the availability of resources from other conservation activities.  Well known conservation biologist Paul Ehrlich has criticized de-extinction –saying that De-extinction seems far-fetched, financially problematic, and extremely unlikely to succeed.",Yes,"To help mitigate inbreeding depression for two endangered species, the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) and Przewalski's horse (Equus ferus przewalskii), Revive & Restore facilitates on-going efforts to clone individuals from historic cell lines stored at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Frozen Zoo. On December 10, 2020, the world's first cloned black-footed ferret was born. This ferret, named Elizabeth Ann, marked the first time a U.S. endangered species was successfully cloned",No,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"Revive & Restore has created a “Genetic Rescue Toolkit” for wildlife conservation – a suite of biotechnology tools adapted from human medicine and commercial agriculture that can improve wildlife conservation outcomes. The toolkit includes biobanking and cell culturing, genetic sequencing, and advanced reproductive technologies, such as cloning. The toolkit complements traditional conservation practices, such as captive breeding and habitat restoration",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,Developing the clonation of species could potentially lead to the recovery of extincted species.,"Values, Migration, Urbanization, Structural transition, Other",Clonation of species,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Other",Biotechnology,No,"This is an example with transformative potential, focusing on food and climate change.",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Federacion Española de Banco de Alimentos,https://www.fesbal.org.es/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Promote, encourage and coordinate the Food Banks associated in the fight against hunger, poverty and food waste through its use and distribution among the neediest people, in addition to other social functions.",The example is able to promote the cooperation between public and private institutions and the civil society to provide food to people who are vulnerable or poor. The example is also able to provide food by reducing waste of food and energy during the program.,Europe,Spain,Spain,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone)",Individual,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"Food banks have prevented 400,000 tons of food from being wasted in the last five years. There is no information about gender to me, but most of the food distributed by the program is destined to marginalized peoples",Not available to me,Yes,"According to 2019 data, the Food Banks associated with FESBAL served 1,050,684 people annually through 7,216 charitable entities--distributed throughout Spain--which received the food directly from the banks and, subsequently, are responsible for distributing it among the most disadvantaged people. In the last five years, there has been a 70% increase in the distribution of food to beneficiary organizations. Since the economic crisis began, the number of people attending the charities supported by FESBAL has been increasing, from 834,400 beneficiaries in 2007 to more than 1.05 million beneficiaries in 2019.10 While in 2018, Spain's food banks had served 1.2 million people.

",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"
Because of covid, FESBAL had to change the way it operates. Instead of physically collecting food, they now ask for financial donations through their website and at checkout counters in stores and supermarkets. Hundreds of volunteers have been deployed there to provide information about the campaign. With the donation of money the entity is responsible for buying the food and then distributing it to nearly 8,000 collaborating social entities.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,By creating a network of people volunteering to share food for vulnerable peoples.,"Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Trade, Financial flows, Market interactions, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Other",Increasing poverty in Spain,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential, focusing on food and climate change.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Kenyan non-motorized transport plan,https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/blogpost/kenya-prioritizes-non-motorized-transport-enhance-road-safety; https://cdkn.org/project/project-non-motorised-transport-in-nairobi-kenya,No,No,"Road crash accidents are the leading cause of youth mortality in Africa. Globally, Africa accounts for about 25% of the number of road crash victims, while the continent has barely 2% of the world's vehicle fleet. Nairobi is one of Africa’s fastest growing megacities, with a population of over four million inhabitants. In Nairobi 2.27 million trips per day are made by walking, and 55,000 by cycling. Many people walk and cycle to work, largely due to low-income levels and a lack of available alternatives. Pedestrians and cyclists are faced with several challenges in their NMT journey: from traffic accidents, lack of green spaces and pollution, to muggings, congestion, a lack of footpaths and cycle lanes, and encroachment upon their designated lanes. The majority of these challenges are safety- or infrastructure-related. NMT users account for 66.3% of traffic fatalities in Nairobi. Pedestrians are the
most vulnerable road users, accounting for 64.5% of fatalities in Nairobi, and cyclists account for 1.8% of these fatalities. 88.3% of all fatalities are males. Further investigations reveal that 10 roads in Nairobi account for 55.5% of all fatalities. Private cars, followed by Public Service Vehicles (PSVs), are leading causes of accidents, many of which occur on Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Factors that contribute to these accidents include speeding, careless driving and careless pedestrian crossing, lack of pedestrian crossings and poor lighting, among others.Over 3,000 Kenyans die on our roads every year, the majority
of whom are young people between the ages of 20 and 44.6. In Nairobi, pedestrians account for 64.5% of all traffic fatalities, translating into an estimated 320 pedestrians dying annually. Road accidents cost our economy in excess of $50 million annually.

With this new program, more than 80 kilometres of pedestrian walkways and bicycle paths have been constructed in Eldoret under two Bank-funded programmes. As a result, non-motorized transport infrastructure has inspired many residents in Eldoret to walk or cycle, thereby contributing to improving their health. Walking and cycling paths are one part of the infrastructure improvements. With key non-motorized transport milestones that have improved the living conditions of over 6.5 million urban residents across the country.",Africa,Kenya,Kenya,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,Tranport,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"Yes, the growing number of private cars increases the CO2 emissions and  the risk of people dying when walking. Nairobi has seen a number of women take up cycling as a means of transport and physical activity. A number of cycling groups, such as Dada Rides, Spin Queens and Critical Mass Nairobi, have strong female leadership, and they are challenging the stereotypes related to women and cycling. ",Not available to me,Yes,"Increasing NMT infrastructure linking NMT users to neighborhoods and major employment zones, as well as providing access to essential services in order to establish a network of NMT (Agencies: Nairobi Metropolitan Services (NMS), Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA), Kenya National Highways Authority (KenHA), is helping to reduce the traffic fatalities in Nairobi. ",No,"Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,"The development of the non-motorized transport program is helping to avoid people to lose their lives on road accidents. The government has made notable strides in implementing the policy in order to improve the walking and cycling environment and catalyse investment in non-motorized transport. In Nairobi county, the government allocated 20 per cent of its road construction budget towards non-motorized transport infrastructure. It is now mandatory that all new and improved roads have non-motorized transport components.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The government and the population are improving their vision of the benefits of non-motorized transport, generating less pollution and greater benefits for people's health.","Urbanization, Structural transition, Other",Transportation and pollution,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,No,"This is an example of high transformative potential focused on urban systems, transports and human health.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Ocean Mind,https://www.oceanmind.global/oceanmind-history,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Using satellites and artificial intelligence we help authorities enforce more effectively and industry work more responsibly.,"OceanMind’s work has benefitted more than 20 countries, global supply chains, and thousands of workers around the world in helping to fight to Ilegal fishing. Their programmes cover every ocean basin, spanning millions of square kilometres of protected ocean, and actively monitoring tens of thousands of vessels.

",Global,USA,USA,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"Yes, fighting to remove IUU fishing activities is key to ensure ocean sustainability and wellbeing of people, in particular in developing countries where coastal communties highly depend on the ocean.",No,Yes,"Their work has shown demonstrable improvements in fisheries compliance over the past 6 years, particularly around UK overseas territories, Costa Rica, and in Thailand.  They helped governments reform their fisheries enforcement practices, increasing deterrence and therefore regulatory compliance. Increased compliance leads to reduced impacts from human activity, providing space for the ocean to recover, and healthier oceans lead to improved human wellbeing across the whole planet.",No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,By complying with international and national regulations to erradicate IUU practices in hte ocean.,No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,Generating alliances between countries to remove IUU is changing the way societies are perceiving this illegal activities.,Other,Ilegal activities in the ocean,"Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential focused on the oceans, food, climate change and human health.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,WildEye,https://wildeyeconservation.org/;https://www.resolve.ngo/blog/WildEyes-AI-offers-an-alternative-solution-to-Switzerlands-wolf-debate.htm#,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Our goal is to use technology to give back to the planet from which we have taken so much.,"WildEyes™AI is a tiny camera system that is powered by artificial intelligence and can recognize predators the moment they get too close to livestock or residential areas. The device can be easily and discreetly attached to a tree and the moment it recognizes animals, it sends a message to the nearest farmer or park ranger. This early warning system enables rangers to take immediate action, thus protecting both a village’s livestock and native predators. For example, over the past two decades, Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) has become a major cause of population declines of these iconic mammals in Asia and Africa. Crop raiding by elephants threatens community livelihoods, food security, and human fatalities, often prompting retaliatory killings of endangered elephants. This conflict stresses the most marginalized rural communities, for example, causing over $10 million in crop and property damage annually in Sri Lanka and $600,000 worth of crop damage in Tanzania in 2019. A scalable solution to this challenge requires a low-cost technology to detect elephants and transmit alerts to wildlife managers and communities to prevent conflict situations before they occur. ",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Industry, Other",Artificial technology,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,The example helps to monitor poaching activities ,Not available to me,,"The AI detector can also be used to advance the management of species populations (e.g. in tropical forests in Africa and Asia). Current monitoring approaches rely on radio-telemetry, field observations, and aerial surveys and are resource intensive; their limitations are much more pronounced in dense forested environments where the majority of African forest elephants and Asian elephants reside. To retrieve and process data from the field creates a lag time between event and detection, ranging from weeks to months. A network of cameras running the CVEDIA detector strategically positioned within predators home ranges can autonomously detect them 24/7 with high accuracy and near real-time notification capabilities, an affordable alternative to traditional surveys or to support existing monitoring efforts.",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,The AI system helping to improve monitoring and management systems.,No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"WildEyes™AI is being rolled out to prevent for example iconic species such as elephants from raiding local farmland and has applications for preventing livestock depredation by snow leopards, bears, and wolves in the Himalayas, illegal logging in the tropics, and detecting the start of wildfires.","Values, Population size, Migration, Human capital, Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential focused on the conservation of species, food, and rights of nature.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Climate Bonds ,https://www.climatebonds.net/about/what-we-do,No,No,"The Climate Bonds Standard and Certification Scheme is a labelling scheme for bonds and loans. Rigorous scientific criteria ensure that bonds and loans with Certification, are consistent with the 1.5oC warming limit in the Paris Agreement. The Scheme is used globally by bond issuers, governments, investors and the financial markets to prioritise investments which genuinely contribute to addressing climate change.

",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,I don´t know,Global,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,"Progress thus far does not match the needed pace and depth of transformation. It has been essentially limited to reframing (such as addressing climate-related financial risk), repackaging (as seen in the case of green bonds) and disclosure (with the establishment of the TCFD and similar initiatives), and has not yet led to a significant reallocation of financial capital at global scale. But, the potential exists for swift and nonlinear changes that can drive transformative shifts within and beyond the financial sector. In this way, the financial system can be an enabler of positive tipping points in other sectoral systems, in the ‘real economy’, and may itself exhibit tipping point behaviours.",Not available to me,"The Green Bond market is developing rapidly and in advance of widely accepted standards for use of proceeds, project evaluation and ongoing reporting, the lack of clarity on what qualifies as a green investment can lead to missed opportunities for both issuers and investors. It runs the risk of key asset classes being under or misrepresented in green bond issuance. Offering investors a quality green investment product will require the right information and tools to deliver this.

",Yes,"The Climate Bonds Standard and Certification Scheme is a labelling scheme for bonds and loans. Rigorous scientific criteria ensure that bonds and loans with Certification, are consistent with the 1.5oC warming limit in the Paris Agreement. The Scheme is used globally by bond issuers, governments, investors and the financial markets to prioritise investments which genuinely contribute to addressing climate change.

",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"The structural expansion of the Climate Bonds Standard and Certification Scheme now allows for certification of non-financial corporates (i.e., Corporates providing goods and services in the real economy), assets and sustainability-linked debt instruments. Essentially, those corporates that are aligned with 1.5-degree pathways or will be by 2030 will be eligible for certification.This includes those whose emissions are already ‘near zero’ and those that are not, so long as the corporate has suitably Ambitious Performance Targets and Credible Transition Plans for the delivery of those Targets, i.e., it is undergoing an ambitious and credible Transition. ",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,,"Values, Human capital, Structural transition, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity, Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential  focused on finance and climate 
",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Orange Bonds Initiative,https://iixglobal.com/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",The OBI’s mission is to empower 100 million women and girls worldwide through the unlocking of US$10 billion by 2030. ,"Orange Bonds are cross-cutting assets that recognise 
women can be a solution to a range of issues, including 
environmental, development, peace and socio-economic.i In 
developing nations, women often engage in climate-sensitive 
livelihoods, placing them at the intersection of climate risks and 
natural disasters. In response, the OBI has woven a gender 
perspective into sustainable financing, presenting a strategic 
approach to help tackle climate action and foster resilient, 
sustainable livelihoods. This comprehensive strategy involves 
investments geared towards advancing financial equity, 
bolstering sustainable agriculture, facilitating clean energy 
production, enhancing access to water and sanitation, and 
spearheading affordable housing development",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,I don´t know,Individual,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"The Refugee Impact Bond is the latest bond to be labelled 
‘Orange’. The initiative directs funding to the Near East 
Foundation (NEF), which aims to implement a program focused 
on women vocational training, entrepreneurship, and resiliencebuilding among Syrian refugees and individuals in their host 
communities in Jordan and Lebanon. This effort addresses the 
challenges arising from an unprecedented wave of forced 
migration, caused by a combination of conflict and climate-related crises.",Not available to me,Yes,"The Orange Movement™ is committed to fostering global gender equality, advancing sustainability, diversity, equity, and inclusion. Recognizing that women and gender minorities constitute over 50% of the world’s population, we seek to unlock their potential to drive transformative changes, accelerating progress in climate action, sustainable peace, and economic stability. 
",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"The Orange Bond Initiative™ commits to adopting an inclusive approach when designing the
guiding principles, standards, transactions, and certification tools. We do this by ensuring a
diversity of views are solicited and represented across regions – including the Global South
and the 99%1 – and across stakeholder groups – civil society, private sector, and public sector. The Initiative aims to empower women, girls, the LGBTQI+ community, and other groups thatface gender-based discrimination limiting their ability to participate fully and meaningfully in  all spheres of life – economic, social, political, and environmental.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"To qualify as an Orange Bond, issuers are expected to align with three overarching Principles:(1) Gender-Positive Capital Allocation; (2) Gender-Lens Capacity and Diversity in Leadership;and (3) Transparency in the Investment Process and Reporting.
","Values, Population size, Migration, Urbanization, Human capital, Changes in primary sector",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example with high transformative potential focused on finance and women.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Green Belt Movement,https://www.greenbeltmovement.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","A values-driven society of people who consciously work for continued improvement of their livelihoods and a greener, cleaner world.

","Despite these and numerous other hurdles along the way, the Green Belt Movement persevered and, to date, hundreds of thousands of women have become involved and over 5,000 nurseries have been established. More than 51 million trees have been planted—on farms, in schools and churches, along rivers, and in the countryside.",Africa,Kenya,Kenya,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1970-1980,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Individual,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"Prior to the Green Belt Movement's founding, specifically during the 1970s, there was a restricted political opportunity structure within Kenya because the government at the time was very politically repressive. The Kenyan government was dominated by men and their patriarchal and repressive views, which created many issues for women. Many women throughout Kenya were struggling with feeding their families, getting access to natural resources (water, wood). Moreover, many Kenyan women didn't have any form of legal protection or say when it came to the politics in Kenya. Women were so repressed and treated so poorly that they weren't allowed to be in government or sit in on political meetings. Eventually changes within Kenya and its government occurred. The Green Belt Movement specifically played an essential role in changing the ways women were treated, excluded from, and used in Kenya. Through Maathai's attitude, persistence, and efforts, the movement gained a large amount of traction in Kenya and throughout the world. ",Not available to me,Yes,"Maathai and the GBM connected the marginalisation of women and poverty to environmental degradation and promoted a grassroots approach to development by empowering women to control the environment. Their intention is to ensure that women have independent sources of income and also to conserve the environment through sustainable resource management.

",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Other",Yes,"GBM joined others to call for the release of political prisoners, multi-party politics and democratic space. More recently for the new constitution in Kenya, GBM made significant contributions to the sections on land and the environment, and individual and environmental rights. . Since 2009, GBM has extended its Civic & Environmental Education Seminars to include capacity building on climate change mitigation and adaptation. More than 70 extension officers have trained thousands of community members on climate change to enable their more effective engagement. As a result of GBM's programmes, there are over 4,000 community groups across Kenya and hundreds of thousands of women in rural Kenya have lifted their families out of poverty.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The movement allowed women to provide multiple benefits such as to educate populations on the inter-relationship of environment and other issues, such as food production and health; to curb rural migration to urban centers for better prospects, and to promote environmental education. To promote soil conservation.","Values, Migration, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Other",Deforestation,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity",,No,"This is a transformative example with high positive impacts on women, climate change, food and health ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Digital Democracy,https://www.digital-democracy.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Digital Democracy’s mission is to work in solidarity with frontline communities to use technology to defend their rights and fight climate change. As technology becomes cheaper and more accessible, we believe it can and should be used to bring more voices to the table. Digital Democracy helps our partners achieve transformative change and works toward a world where all people can participate in decisions that govern their lives.","Digital Democracy supports communities who are working to defend their human and environmental rights, but who lack the tools to do so. Their local partners represent marginalized communities worldwide, including Indigenous Peoples and ethnic minorities, whose human rights are most severely impacted by environmental abuse. They train partners to use basic digital tools to gather, share, and manage information about environmental and human rights infractions.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,"Technology Access: Ensuring that communities in remote areas have access to the necessary technology remains a challenge.
Cultural Sensitivity: Any technology introduced must be culturally sensitive and adaptable to the local context.
Sustainability: Maintaining the longevity of their projects is critical, so Digital Democracy focuses on training and empowering local users to manage and continue the work independently.",Yes,"1) Mapping: One of their key projects is ""Mapping"", an open-source mapping tool designed for indigenous communities. Mapping enables these communities to document, monitor, and share information about their land and resources without needing constant Internet access.
2) Earth Defenders Toolkit: An initiative to provide a set of tools and resources for indigenous communities to monitor, analyze, and act on threats to their land.
3) Remote Trainings: Due to the often remote locations of partner communities, Digital Democracy has developed a methodology for remote training and support, ensuring communities can effectively use the tools provided.",No,Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people,Yes,"Digital Democracy's tools have been used for land titling processes, conservation efforts, and legal actions against illegal activities like logging and mining.
They have also been instrumental in humanitarian crises, helping to document human rights abuses and environmental disasters.
The data collected through Digital Democracy's tools have helped influence policy decisions and bring international attention to issues faced by indigenous peoples.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"While they have a particular focus on indigenous communities, their work extends to any marginalized group that can benefit from increased access to digital tools.","Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is a transformative example with high positive impacts on Indigenous peoples, women, climate change, food and health
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,FishForEver,https://rare.org/program/fish-forever/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The program's aim is to empower coastal communities in the developing world to restore and protect their marine resources, which are often critically depleted due to overfishing and destructive fishing practices.","Fish Forever is a global network of over 100 staff, 150 local partners, 1,700 coastal communities, 160,000 fishers, over 150 mayors and local government leaders, and dedicated donors and partners working together to guarantee the future of our coastal seas.
""Fish Forever"" is a global initiative spearheaded by Rare, a conservation organization, in partnership with the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) and the University of California Santa Barbara's Sustainable Fisheries Group. Since its inception, Fish Forever has launched projects in several countries, including Brazil, the Philippines, Indonesia, Mozambique, and Belize. Key successes reported by the program include: a) Recovery of fish stocks in managed areas, b) Increased fisher income due to more sustainable practices and better management, c) Heightened community engagement in conservation and fisheries management, d) Legal recognition of managed areas and fisher rights.

Fish Forever continues to expand its reach and refine its approach, contributing to the global effort to achieve sustainable fisheries and marine conservation, thus ensuring food security and economic prosperity for some of the world's most vulnerable coastal populations.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"Recognizing the role of women in fisheries and community development, the program promotes gender equity by ensuring that women are included in decision-making processes.
Ensuring that the program is inclusive, particularly of women and minority groups who may not traditionally have a voice in fisheries management, is a constant challenge.

",,Yes,"Fish Forever uses a data-driven approach to manage fisheries, collecting and analyzing data on fish stocks and human dynamics to inform decision-making.Fish Forever invests in capacity building at the community level, training local leaders and fishers in sustainable practices, enforcement, and monitoring of marine areas.

",no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"The program supports local governance of marine resources, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and helping to implement policies that support sustainable fisheries management.

",no,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"The program also employs a behavior change strategy known as ""Pride campaigns,"" which are designed to shift community perceptions and behaviors toward more sustainable practices by fostering a sense of pride and ownership over local marine resources.

","Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Structural transition, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,no,"This is a transformative example with high positive impacts on Indigenous peoples, women, coastal communities, climate change, food and health
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Tamar,https://www.tamar.org.br/interna.php?cod=63,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Projeto Tamar Foundation has been operating on the Brazilian coast since the 1980s with the mission of promoting the recovery of sea turtles through research, conservation and social inclusion activities.","The Projeto TAMAR (TAMAR Project) is a Brazilian conservation initiative that aims to protect sea turtles from extinction in the Brazilian coastline. TAMAR stands for ""TArtarugas MARinhas,"" which means ""marine turtles"" in Portuguese. Projeto TAMAR has achieved remarkable success over the years:

-Protection: It has protected over 1,100 kilometers of Brazilian beaches where turtles nest.
-Hatchlings Released: The project has released over 35 million sea turtle hatchlings into the Atlantic Ocean.
-Species Recovery: Contributed to the recovery of some sea turtle populations that were on the brink of extinction.
-Community Development: It has provided numerous jobs and training to local communities, fostering economic development alongside conservation.

The success and longevity of Projeto TAMAR have made it a model for global conservation efforts. It has received numerous awards and recognitions for its work in marine biodiversity conservation. In conclusion, Projeto TAMAR's comprehensive approach, which balances scientific research with community engagement and policy advocacy, provides a blueprint for how to run effective wildlife conservation programs that have a lasting impact.",America,Brazil,Brazil,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1980-1990,Yes,ongoing,Decades,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Projeto TAMAR continues to face challenges such as environmental pollution, illegal poaching, habitat destruction, and the impacts of climate change. The project's ongoing efforts aim to address these issues through science-based adaptive management, policy advocacy, and sustained community engagement.","Projeto TAMAR works to protect five species of sea turtles found in Brazil, all of which are threatened or endangered:

Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta)
Leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)
Green turtle (Chelonia mydas)
Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Olive Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea)","Despite its successes, Projeto TAMAR faces challenges similar to other conservation programs, such as climate change impacts, habitat loss due to coastal development, pollution, and accidental capture in fishing gear.

Projeto TAMAR stands out as an example of how long-term, community-based conservation efforts can lead to the recovery of endangered species while providing social and economic benefits to local communities. The project's integrative approach combines rigorous scientific methodology with community education and involvement, serving as a model for other conservation initiatives around the world.",Yes,"Scientific monitoring of turtle nesting, and research into the life cycles and migration routes of sea turtles. Direct protection of beaches to provide safe nesting areas for turtles, often involving night patrols during the nesting season.",no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"Treatment and rehabilitation for injured or sick turtles, often in collaboration with aquariums and veterinary institutions.
Environmental Education: Education centers at Projeto TAMAR bases provide information and educational programs to visitors and local communities, raising awareness about sea turtle conservation.",no,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"Employment of local residents, which helps integrate the project into the community and ensures local support for turtle conservation.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination, States",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,no,This is a transformative example with high positive impacts on turtles conservation.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Managed Access Program,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X22002391;https://belize.wcs.org/Initiatives/Managed-Access-Program.aspx,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",To promote sustainable fishing and secure the rights of fishers while ensuring the long-term health of fish stocks.,"The Managed Access Program was initiated as a pilot project in 2011 and expanded to include all of Belize's territorial waters by 2016. It was designed to promote sustainable fishing and secure the rights of fishers while ensuring the long-term health of fish stocks.The Managed Access Program has led to several positive outcomes, including:

Improved compliance with fishing regulations.
Increased data on fish catch and effort, leading to better management decisions.
Reduction in illegal fishing activities.
Enhanced stewardship of marine resources by fishers.
Empowerment of local communities through participation in fisheries governance.

",America,Belize,Belize,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,"Despite these successes, the program faces challenges including:

Ensuring the inclusivity of all stakeholders in the management process.
Balancing the ecological goals with the economic needs of fishers.
Maintaining funding and support for continuous monitoring and enforcement.
Adapting to external pressures such as climate change, which can impact fish populations and habitats.",Yes,"Fishers contribute to data collection efforts, providing catch data that help inform management decisions. Monitoring and scientific assessments are integral to ensuring that fish stocks remain within sustainable levels.Part of the strategy includes the implementation and enforcement of no-take zones, where fishing is prohibited. These zones help replenish fish stocks and contribute to marine biodiversity.",no,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"The program provides fishers with secure, tradable fishing rights within designated areas. These rights are intended to incentivize conservation and stewardship, as fishers have a vested interest in the health of the fisheries from which they derive their livelihoods.",no,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The program operates on a co-management basis, engaging fishers and local communities in the decision-making process. This includes participation in committees and contribution to the management and enforcement of regulations.

","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,no,"This is a transformative example with high positive impacts on the oceans, food and climate change.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Blue Ventures,https://blueventures.org/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Restoring ocean life by putting fishers first
","Blue Ventures adopts a holistic approach to marine conservation that integrates sustainable livelihood initiatives with community health and education services, underpinning all of this with rigorous scientific research.Blue Ventures' impact in Madagascar has been considerable:

Marine Conservation: They have helped to establish the largest locally managed marine area in the Indian Ocean.
Fisheries Recovery: Their work with temporary fishery closures has led to significant increases in octopus yields and fisher incomes.
Livelihood Diversification: The promotion of aquaculture provides additional income to traditional fishing, reducing pressure on overfished stocks.
Health Services: The community health program has reached thousands of people with family planning and other health services.
Replication: The Blue Ventures model has been replicated in other coastal regions around the world.

In 2003, we started with one community in southwest Madagascar. Today, we’re working in 15 countries across the tropics, supporting more than 650 communities in the protection of more than 21,000km2 of vital ocean habitat and impacting the lives of more than 770,000 people.",Africa,"Belize, Cabo Verde, Comoros, The Gambia, Guinnesa-Bissau, Kenya, India, Indonesia, Madagascar, Mozambique, Phillippines, Senegal, Somalia, Tanzania, Timor-leste",Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,"Despite its successes, Blue Ventures faces ongoing challenges such as:

Climate Change: The effects of climate change threaten to undermine marine conservation efforts and the livelihoods of coastal communities.
Scaling Up: Expanding the reach of successful conservation strategies while maintaining the quality of engagement and outcomes.
Funding: Ensuring long-term financial sustainability for conservation initiatives is an ongoing challenge.",Yes,"The organization conducts scientific research to monitor the impacts of their conservation efforts, both on biodiversity and on human well-being.Environmental education is a key component of their work, aiming to build awareness and cultivate a new generation of conservation leaders.



",no,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Blue Ventures supports the creation and management of LMMAs, where communities are directly involved in managing their marine resources. They have pioneered this approach in Madagascar, leading to a national network of LMMAs.The organization works with local fishers to develop sustainable fishing practices. This includes the establishment of temporary octopus fishery closures, which has become a successful model for boosting fisheries productivity and income.

",no,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"Understanding that population health affects conservation outcomes, Blue Ventures has integrated community health services into their conservation work, providing family planning and other basic health services.

","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,no,"This is a transformative example with high positive impacts on the oceans, food and climate change.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Mision Tiburon,https://www.misiontiburon.org/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",They envision oceans where sharks are no longer threatened by human activities and can fulfill their ecological roles to maintain the balance of marine ecosystems.,"The organization has made significant strides in shark conservation. Their work has helped to increase protection for several shark species and has fostered a greater appreciation for these animals among the population.

",America,Costa Rica,Costa Rica,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea",Country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,"Misión Tiburón often faces challenges such as illegal fishing practices, lack of enforcement of existing marine protection laws, and the need for more comprehensive and cohesive management of marine resources.",Yes,"Through photo-identification and satellite tracking, they study the migratory patterns of whale sharks to improve conservation strategies.",no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes," This project led to the creation of a ""Shark Sanctuary"" in the Golfo Dulce of Costa Rica, which is critical for the protection of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks.This project led to the creation of a ""Shark Sanctuary"" in the Golfo Dulce of Costa Rica, which is critical for the protection of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks.Misión Tiburón advocates for improved shark protection policies both locally in Costa Rica and internationally.
They have been instrumental in getting shark species like the Scalloped Hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) listed on CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species), which helps regulate their international trade.",no,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"The organization has made significant strides in shark conservation. Their work has helped to increase protection for several shark species and has fostered a greater appreciation for these animals among the population.

","Values, Changes in primary sector, States",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,no,"This is a transformative example with high positive impacts on the oceans and climate change.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Movement Against DDT ,https://www.epa.gov/ingredients-used-pesticide-products/ddt-brief-history-and-status,No,no,"DDT is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochlorine, originally developed as an insecticide. It became infamous for its environmental impacts, which led to a massive movement against its use.It was widely used during World War II to protect troops and civilians from malaria, typhus, and other diseases spread by insects. After the war, DDT became widely used in agriculture. The book ""Silent Spring"" by Rachel Carson, published in 1962, was instrumental in raising public awareness. Carson detailed how DDT entered the food chain and accumulated in the fatty tissues of animals, including humans, and caused cancer and genetic damage. A significant part of the book was dedicated to documenting the detrimental effects of DDT on birds, including bald eagles, whose eggshells were thinned, leading to reproductive problems.Silent Spring"" provoked a public outcry that led to policy changes. It is often credited with launching the modern environmental movement.
In the years following its publication, a grassroots movement demanding the regulation and ban of DDT began to take shape. Civic groups, environmental organizations, and concerned citizens were at the forefront of the movement. In 1972, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a cancellation order for DDT based on its adverse environmental effects, such as those to wildlife, as well as potential human health risks.

",America,USA,USA,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,,,,None,,1970-1980,No,1972,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,not available to me,not available to me,not available to me,Yes,The movement against DDT is considered a major victory for the environmental movement and has had a lasting impact on how pesticides are regulated.,no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"It led to the establishment of rigorous scientific assessments for the approval of pesticides and the consideration of ecological impacts in the regulatory process.
",no,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"The movement also inspired further actions and policies to protect the environment, including the formation of regulatory bodies like the EPA and the passing of environmental laws such as the Endangered Species Act.","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",no,,"This is a transformative example with positive impacts on agriculture, food and human health ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479, Algorithmic Justice League,https://www.ajl.org/; https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/12/19/federal-study-confirms-racial-bias-many-facial-recognition-systems-casts-doubt-their-expanding-use/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The AJL's mission is to raise public awareness about the impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) on civil rights and to empower individuals with the tools to fight bias in algorithms. The organization aims to foster equitable and accountable AI, ensuring that AI systems are inclusive and just.

","The Algorithmic Justice League is an organization that combines art and research to illuminate the social implications and harms of artificial intelligence. The AJL conducts and supports research that exposes biases within AI and develops practices for accountability during the design, development, and deployment stages of AI systems. Buolamwini's own research, which uncovered the inaccuracy of facial recognition software—especially when identifying women and people of color—led to the influential paper ""Gender Shades."" This research became a seminal work in the field, highlighting the need for more inclusive and ethical AI.


",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",2010-2023,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoiing,Years,,Other,Artificial Technology,Other,Individual,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"#CodedBias: This is an initiative that accompanies the documentary ""Coded Bias,"" which follows Buolamwini's journey as she explores the fallout of her discovery of racial bias in facial recognition algorithms.",Not available to me,Yes,"The work of AJL has contributed to heightened scrutiny of AI technologies by the media, public, and legislators. It has influenced companies like IBM, Amazon, and Microsoft in their decisions to either halt or reassess their facial recognition technologies, particularly with regards to law enforcement applications.",no,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",Yes,"AJL aims to educate the public about the social implications of AI through talks, workshops, and a variety of outreach activities. They provide resources for people to learn about the ethical considerations of AI and the importance of integrating fairness and justice in machine learning algorithms.

",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The Algorithmic Justice League is a vital player in the movement towards more ethical and fair AI systems, championing the cause of marginalized groups and pushing for necessary reforms in the tech industry.




","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentration of wealth, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,no,This is a transformative example with positive impacts on artificial technology,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Pachamama - Ecuador Constitution,https://www.oas.org/juridico/pdfs/mesicic4_ecu_const.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The object of legal protection of nature is the legal protection of life over and above economic interests or utilitarian concepts, and is an expression of an ethic validated by law in which the conservation of biological diversity prevails for its value per se.","""Pachamama"" is a term that comes from the indigenous Quechua language, traditionally meaning ""Mother Earth"" or ""World Mother."" It has a profound spiritual significance for many Andean indigenous peoples, embodying the concept of an all-providing, nurturing, and life-sustaining mother that presides over planting and harvesting. Respect for Pachamama is central to the Andean way of life, interwoven with local practices, rituals, and cosmology.

In the context of Ecuador, Pachamama gained significant legal and political prominence when the country's constitution was rewritten in 2008. Ecuador was the first nation to recognize the Rights of Nature, or Pachamama, in its constitution.",America,Ecuador,Ecuador,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,,No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",Yes,"Since the constitutional change, there have been cases in Ecuador where nature's legal rights have been upheld. One notable instance was a lawsuit to protect the Vilcabamba River against excessive dredging that was argued to be destabilizing the river's ecosystem. The court's decision to rule in favor of the river's rights was groundbreaking, affirming the practical enforceability of nature's constitutional rights.The constitutional rights of nature have influenced Ecuador's environmental policies. Laws and policies are being created and interpreted with consideration for nature's rights. Development, resource extraction, and other environmental decisions must now take into account the potential infringements on these rights.



",,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The codification of Pachamama's rights represents a legal acknowledgment of indigenous peoples' worldviews and spiritual relationship with the Earth. It reflects a paradigm shift towards a more holistic and ecocentric approach to the environment.

","Values, Human capital, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity",,No,"This is a transformative example with positive impacts on rights for nature. 
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Seafood Watch de Monterey Bay Aquarium,https://www.seafoodwatch.org/about-us/our-strategy,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We support the vision of a global seafood industry that’s environmentally sustainable, socially responsible, and economically viable.

","Seafood Watch is a sustainable seafood advisory list, and has influenced similar programs around the world. It is best known for developing science-based seafood recommendations that consumers, chefs, and business professionals use to inform their seafood purchasing decisions. The organization's recommendations focus on the North American market, suggesting what seafood is a green ""Best Choice"", yellow ""Good Alternative"", or a red ""Avoid"". The ""Avoid"" category is for seafood which is overfished or fished or farmed in ways that harm other marine life or the environment. Health alerts for fish with high levels of contaminants (e.g. mercury, dioxins, PCBs) are also noted, although they may appear in any category.

They guide large-scale retailers and foodservice companies to commit to serving sustainable seafood, which in turn pushes producers and resource managers of red-rated seafood to improve their practices so that they can sell their products in the United States.

",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Other",Aquaculture,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Industry organizations have pushed back against Seafood Watch's efforts. After publication of a sustainable sushi guide, the National Fisheries Institute, a seafood industry trade group, wrote on its blog that the guides were ""confusing and contradictory"", adding that they did not fully take into account the economic, environmental and social aspects of seafood sustainability.

",Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"Seafood Watch recommendations are grounded in science and reflect the most current information available on the sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture operations. The program's team of scientists analyzes data and research to assess the health and management of fish populations, as well as the environmental impacts of fishing and fish farming.

To make its science-based recommendations more accessible, Seafood Watch has a mobile app that allows users to check the sustainability of their seafood choices on the go.

",no,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"Seafood Watch publishes consumer guides that categorize seafood commonly found in the marketplace as ""Best Choices,"" ""Good Alternatives,"" or ""Avoid."" These guides are region-specific, reflecting the different seafood options available in different parts of the United States. 

The program also has an impact on policy by engaging in advocacy work to support sustainable seafood legislation and by providing stakeholders with a reliable source of information for decision-making.

",,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,The Seafood Watch program has played a significant role in increasing consumer awareness and driving demand for sustainable seafood. It is considered a trusted source of information for consumers looking to make environmentally responsible seafood choices.,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Trade, Market interactions",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,no,"This is a transformative example with high transformative potential on value chains, oceans and food","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Sustainable Fisheries Partnership ,https://sustainablefish.org/about-us/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","We believe that everyone should have access to seafood that is produced sustainably.
","To achieve these goals,they engage retailers, brands, and foodservice companies to drive actions through their seafood supply chains to rebuild depleted fish stocks, reduce the environmental impacts of fishing and fish farming, protect ocean biodiversity, address social issues in fishing, and advance economic opportunities for fishers and their communities worldwide. SFP works directly with seafood companies, influencing them to undertake improvements in their supply chains and to source their seafood products responsibly. The organization does not work with fisheries or farms directly but rather supports and guides the industry to engage in improvement efforts. The Sustainable Fisheries Partnership is unique in its approach by focusing on engaging and catalyzing the seafood industry to drive changes in policy and practice through market forces rather than direct advocacy or consumer campaigns. Their work has been instrumental in many of the successes seen in the sustainability of global seafood markets.




",Global,Global ,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"There are still some challenges that the SFP is dealing with. For example, seafood supply chains are often long and complex, making it difficult to trace products and ensure that sustainability standards are maintained from catch to consumer. Ensuring that fisheries comply with sustainable practices can be challenging, particularly where enforcement is weak. Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing is a persistent problem that undermines conservation efforts.

Fishers and aquaculture operations may face economic pressures to prioritize short-term gains over long-term sustainability. Changing these practices requires economic incentives and support systems that enable the transition to sustainability.

","The Sustainable Fisheries Partnership (SFP) does not specifically emphasize ""gender"" as a standalone program area on their public-facing resources. ",Not available to me,Yes,"SFP provides a range of resources, including FishSource, an online database providing information on the status of fish stocks and the environmental performance of fisheries. This allows companies to make more informed decisions about their sourcing.

",No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"While the SFP's main strategy does not focus on advocacy, their work helps inform policies by providing data and insights derived from their improvement projects and industry engagement.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Through partnerships and collaborations, SFP engages with multiple stakeholders, including seafood companies, retailers, producers, and other non-governmental organizations, to push for sustainable practices across the industry.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Trade, Local community coordination",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,"This is a transformative example with high transformative potential on value chains, oceans and food
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sophie Weider,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,No role,Transformative Change,McGill University,,Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve,"1. Olsson, P., Folke, C., and Hahn, T. (2004). Social-ecological transformation for ecosystem management: the development of adaptive co-management of a wetland landscape in southern Sweden. Ecology and Society 9(4):2. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss4/art2/print.pdf    2. Hahn, T., Olsson, P., Folke, C., and Johansson, K. (2006). Trust-building, knowledge generation and organizational innovations: the role of a bridging organization for adaptive co-management of a wetland landscape around Kristianstad, Sweden. Human Ecology 34:573–592. DOI 10.1007/s10745-006-9035-z http://www.springerlink.com/content/2348l27jx1874t82/fulltext.pdf     3. Olsson, P., et al. 2006. Shooting the rapids: Navigating transitions to adaptive governance of social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 11(1):18 http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol11/iss1/art18/.    4. Schultz, L., C. Folke, and P. Olsson. 2007. Enhancing ecosystem management through social-ecological inventories: lessons from Kristianstads Vattenrike, Sweden. Environmental Conservation 34(2):140-152.    5. Olsson, P., C. Folke, V. Galaz, T. Hahn and L. Schultz. (2007). Enhancing the Fit through Adaptive Co-management: Creating and Maintaining Bridging Functions for Matching Scales in the Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve, Sweden. Ecology and Society 12 (1): 28. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol12/iss1/art28/    6. Olsson, P. 2007. The Role of Vision in Framing Adaptive Co-Management Processes: Lessons from Kristianstads Vattenrike ,SouthernSweden. In: Armitage, D., F. Berkes and N. Doubleday (editors). Adaptive Co-Management: Collaboration, Learning, and Multi-level Governance. Chapter 14: 268-285. UBC Press, Vancouver.    7. Hahn, T., L. Schultz, C. Folke and P. Olsson. (2008). “Social networks as sources of resilience in social-ecological systems.” Pages 119-149 in: Norberg, J. and G. Cumming (eds.), Complexity theory for a Sustainable Future, Columbia University Press. http://cup.columbia.edu/book/978-0-231-13460-6/complexity-theory-for-a-sustainable-future    8. Hahn, T. (2011). Self-organized governance networks for ecosystem management: who is accountable? Ecology and Society 16(2):18 http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol16/iss2/art18/    9. Tuvendal, M., & Elmqvist, T. (2011). Ecosystem Services Linking Social and Ecological Systems: River Brownification and the Response of Downstream Stakeholders. Ecology and Society, 16(4). doi:10.5751/ES-04456-160421    10. Johannessen, Å., and T. Hahn. (2013). Social learning towards a more adaptive paradigm? Reducing flood risk in Kristianstad municipality, Sweden. Global Environmental Change 23:372–381, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.07.009    11. Schultz, L., Folke, C., Österblom, Ö., Olsson, P. Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital. In press, June 2015, PNAS","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Biosphere Office Kristianstads is working to conserve and restore the drainage basin of River Helge å so that it can provide ecosystem services of both biological and social value. Ecosystem services generated from the Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve that will provide value for people include agricultural food production, buffering against floods, recreational services, and educational services. Additionally, the reserve will provide habitat for more than 700 nationally red-listed species. ","The Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve was established in response to environmental change (ie eutrophication and pollution of the water river basin). The key actors realized that the wetlands at the river basin were created as a result of agricultural practices and that they provide many beneficial ecosystem services such as habitat provision and water filtration. In this way, the landscape was understood as created by and significant to both people and nature. The reserve is managed under an adaptive governance approach which conceptualizes landscapes as complex social-ecological systems. The reserve is managed by a municipal organization in collaboration with diverse interests and has acted to connect previously disconnected actors such as local farmers and conservationists. The Ecomuseum Kristianstads Vattenrike was created as an on-site educational center to bring together education, cultural heritage, nature conservation, and research. Through fostering local connection with the river basin and mobilizing stewardship of the ecosystem, the Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve is transforming the local human-nature relationship to one of mutualism. ",Europe,Sweden,Skåne,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Increased agricultural production,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,Active management of 1660 ha of wetland and grassland habitats. Public education and involvement. ,,Other,Yes,Yes,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,Yes,The municipal organization managing the reserve actively sought to include diverse perspectives and actors in  decision making and in management of the area.,Urbanization,,"Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Lea Vadez,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,No role,Transformative Change,McGill University,,Net Zero Water and Energy home,http://www.builderonline.com/land/development/texas-modular-home-will-run-on-rainwater-and-sunshine-alone_o?utm_source=newsletter&utm_content=Brief&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=BBU_101215+(1)&he=8ed70c301bced0cb36b02688cc72479008f723f9,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","This project aims to install self sufficient  modular homes in Texas. This is a project conducted by research teams at the University of Texas in Austin and Germany's Technische Universitat Munchen, with the help of students. The house model aims to be water independent, as well as monitor water usage to increase public conciousness on this issue. ","This is an attempt at transformative change as it aims to foster long term resilient resource use. Furthermore, this project aims to decrease spending on water, which may amount to considerable savings for lower income households.",America,United States,Texas,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Other,The University of Texas at Austin (UT) and Technische Universität München (TUM),2010-2023,No,2015,Will start in the future,,Water,,Other,Individual,None,None,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Savings on water bills.,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,"Although this home design may be more independent in water use, the increast cost to construct these homes may make them inaccessible for some.","Certain consideration for decreased water bills was considered, but the project has a more technical approach than a social approach. ",The project has not yet been implemented. ,Yes,"By adding a real-time water counting system, the home design fosters awareness regarding water usage. ",,Other,Yes,The project aims to improve individual infrastructure.,Lack of follow up after sustainable architecture award has meant that this sustainable design has not been implemented. ,Pre-emptive action,No,,Urbanization,,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,Lack of follow up after the sustainable architecture award has meant that this design has not been implemented. ,,I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Plastic Bank,https://plasticbank.com/about,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",A future where we invest in our relationship with Earth and all life on this planet ,"Plastic Bank's approach is innovative in that it treats plastic waste as a currency. Individuals can collect plastic waste and bring it to one of Plastic Bank's recycling centers, which they call ""branches."" At these branches, the plastic is weighed and exchanged for digital tokens. The digital tokens can then be used to purchase goods, services, or even insurance or cell phone charging minutes. This system provides an incentive for individuals to collect plastic waste and helps reduce the amount of plastic that ends up in the ocean.
 The proprietary blockchain-secured platform records every transaction and gives traceability to your impact — all uniquely assigned to your business. The enterprise operates primarily in countries with a high rate of plastic pollution and poverty, such as Haiti, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, and Egypt.




",America,Canada,Vancouver,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"The innovative approach of Plastic Bank has garnered international recognition and numerous awards for social entrepreneurship and sustainability. The organization is often cited as a leading example of how social enterprise can create environmental, social, and economic value.
 

",A future where we invest in our relationship with Earth and all life on this planet ,"While Plastic Bank's model offers an innovative solution to the dual challenges of plastic pollution and poverty, they face operational challenges such as the logistics of collecting and recycling plastic in developing countries, ensuring the long-term sustainability of their branches, and scaling up their impact to deal with the enormous scale of global plastic pollution.
",Yes,"To ensure transparency and security, Plastic Bank uses blockchain technology to manage the transactions. This means that when individuals hand over the collected plastic, the digital tokens they receive in exchange are recorded in a blockchain, providing a secure and transparent ledger. This helps prevent fraud and corruption, which is particularly important in countries where such challenges are prevalent.

",No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,no,"Plastic Bank has partnered with various companies and organizations to scale its impact. Companies can become ""Plastic Neutral"" by offsetting their plastic footprint through Plastic Bank, effectively purchasing the collected plastic for recycling or re-use in their products. These partnerships not only help fund the program but also encourage corporations to take responsibility for their plastic use and support a circular economy.
","Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Plastic Bank's activities have a significant environmental impact. By turning plastic waste into a valuable resource, they provide a direct incentive for people to collect and properly dispose of plastic, preventing it from entering the ocean where it can cause serious harm to marine life and ecosystems.

","Values, Changes in primary sector, Other",Blockchain,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is a transformative example with high transformative potential on technology, oceans and food
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,FishChoice,https://fishchoice.com/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",FishChoice creates online tools that power progress on sustainable seafood.,"The seafood industry has an enormous impact on ocean health, but companies can’t take action without information that is accessible, comprehensible, and trustworthy.  FishChoice provides an online platform that enables commercial seafood buyers to access up-to-date information on suppliers and products that meet sustainability standards. This platform is freely accessible and serves as a resource for businesses to make informed purchasing decisions.

FishChoice hosts a large directory of seafood suppliers that provide products ranging from wild-caught to farmed seafood. The suppliers in the directory have environmental claims that are backed by the certifications or ratings from the partnered sustainability organizations.

FishChoice finds new ways to solve persistent information challenges in the sustainable seafood movement. By speaking the languages of business and conservation, we turn information into action by making it clear and easy to access online. And they deliver information that can be trusted so that businesses and NGOs can make decisions based on  (credible) data.

",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Other",Seafood value chains,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me," FishChoice offers tools such as the ""My FishChoice"" personal dashboard, where users can save favorite products, suppliers, and get personalized recommendations. They also provide resources such as guides, reports, and newsletters to keep businesses informed about sustainability in the seafood industry.","FishChoice, like any program aimed at transforming a complex industry, faces challenges such as ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the sustainability information, keeping up with changes in certification standards, and scaling its impact to cover more of the global seafood market.

",Yes,FishChoice provides an online platform that enables commercial seafood buyers to access up-to-date information on suppliers and products that meet sustainability standards. This platform is freely accessible and serves as a resource for businesses to make informed purchasing decisions.,No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes, The program supports broader sustainability goals by incentivizing best practices in fisheries and aquaculture and by helping shift market demand towards environmentally responsible products.,No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"FishChoice fosters a community of practice among seafood professionals who are committed to sustainability, providing them with a space to share knowledge, experiences, and best practices.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows, Market interactions, Global coordination",,"Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is a transformative example with high transformative potential on technology, oceans and value chains.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Natural Park of the Cies Islands,"https://illasatlanticas.gal/es; Fernández, E.; Barañano, C.; Alejo, I.; Barreiro, R.; Bellas, J.; Besada, V.; Calviño-Cancela, M.; Cordero-Rivera, A.; González, A.; Méndez, G.; Navarro, L.; Piñeiro-Corbeira, C.; Planas, M.; Prego, R.; Ramil, F; Saborido, F.; Sánchez, J.M.; Troncoso, J.S.; A; Velando, A; Villasante, S. 2020. Islas Cíes: un ecosistema en la frontera. Ed. Concello de Vigo. Vigo. 240 páginas",No,No,"The islands are an important breeding ground for several species of birds, including the yellow-legged gull, the European shag, and the common guillemot, among others. The clear waters around the islands are home to a variety of marine life, including many species of fish, cephalopods, and other invertebrates.

Studies carried out in this case demonstrate a continuous fishing activity on the islands for more than 2000 years and which continues today, maintaining the exceptional natural values of the islands. This model of resource use is a key example of cultural interest that makes the Cíes Islands an example of a tradition of human settlement and use of the sea that is representative of human interaction with the environment, in an environment that is vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures such as the impact of climate change.
",Europe,Galicia,Galicia,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,"Fisheries, Other",shellfishing and recreational fishing,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,"One of the challenges facing the park is the pressure from tourism and the impact of introduced plant species. There are ongoing efforts to manage tourism sustainably and to restore native vegetation where it has been compromised.

",Yes,"The management of the national park allowed traditional activities to continue developing (small-scale and shellfisheries, tourism).",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The exceptional values of the Cies Islands generate a new way of the societal perception about its beauty and contribution to people. The Cíes Islands have also been an inspiration in culture and myth. Stories tell of pirates and Romans, and the ruins of a settlement and a monastery can still be seen on Monteagudo.

","Values, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,This is an example with high transformative potential on protected areas and oceans,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Campaña Uno Menos,"Plata, M. I. (1994). Reproductive rights as human rights: the Colombian case. Human Rights of Women, 515-31.",No,No,"While the ""Campaña Uno Menos"" specifically does not appear in the prominent records or major historical overviews of Colombian family planning efforts, the initiatives outlined above collectively represent a comprehensive and sustained campaign to reduce Colombia's population growth by promoting the concept of smaller families. This multifaceted approach, involving legal, social, economic, and health strategies, was critical in achieving the demographic changes seen in Colombia during the 20th century.
In 1993, Colombia's Constitutional Court ruled that family planning was a constitutional right, which further solidified the government's commitment to providing family planning services. By the late 20th century, these efforts had a tangible impact. Colombia’s total fertility rate decreased from more than 6 children per woman in the 1960s to around 2.4 by the end of the 1990s.

",America,Colombia,Colombia,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,1960-1970,No,1990s,Decades,,Other,Population growth,I don´t know,Individual,Over a million,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,"The Catholic Church, which had significant influence in Colombia, was generally opposed to artificial birth control methods. The government and NGOs had to navigate this by sometimes focusing on promoting natural family planning methods and emphasizing responsible parenthood within the context of religious values.

","Economic policies were also used to indirectly encourage smaller families. This included improving the economic status of women through education and employment opportunities, as it is well documented that as women's education and income levels rise, fertility rates tend to fall.

","Profamilia, a Colombian NGO established in 1965, became a leading organization in promoting family planning. It worked in collaboration with the government and international partners, providing a range of services, including education, contraception, and reproductive health care.",Yes,"Public campaigns utilizing radio, television, and print media were essential components of the strategy to promote smaller family sizes. These campaigns aimed to shift public opinion and behavior regarding family planning by highlighting the benefits of smaller families.In response to the population growth, the Colombian government began to establish programs to provide education on family planning and access to contraceptives. These efforts were initially limited but began to expand significantly in the 1970s and 1980s.



","I am not sure. 

","Promoting adaptive governance and management, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"In 1993, Colombia's Constitutional Court ruled that family planning was a constitutional right, which further solidified the government's commitment to providing family planning services. Family planning was integrated into the national public health system, making services more widely available. This integration included the distribution of birth control and educational programs about their use.


",I am not sure.,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",No information available to me,,"Population size, Urbanization",,Current patterns in human movement and migration,,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential, but it was namely focused on trying to control the population growth in the country. However, no detailed information is available to showcase other impacts on nature contributions to people.",I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The National Population Policy (India),https://main.mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/26953755641410949469%20%281%29.pdf; https://www.jstor.org/stable/44002793,No,No,"

The National Population Policy (NPP) 2000 of India was a significant policy initiative aimed at stabilizing the population by 2045 through a variety of strategic interventions. It was developed in the context of India's high population growth at the time and its impact on the environment, economy, and overall development of the country.The results of the NPP 2000 over the years have been mixed, with some targets being met while others remained challenging. 

India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has declined significantly since the policy's implementation. While the goal was to achieve a TFR of 2.1 by 2010, this target was not met until later. As of the latest updates, many states have reached or even gone below the replacement fertility rate, but some populous states still have higher rates.
The rate of population growth has decreased over the years, but India’s population is still growing and is projected to surpass China’s population, if it hasn't already by the time of your inquiry. 

There has been a substantial reduction in Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) from the levels at the time of the policy's inception, yet it is still higher than the policy's target of achieving an MMR of 100 per 100,000 live births. Significant progress has been made in reducing Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Under-Five Mortality Rate, but again, the targets set for 2010 were not fully met by that year and progress continues.

The rate of population growth has decreased over the years, but India’s population is still growing and already surpassed China’s population. While India has made considerable progress in several areas outlined by the NPP 2000, the full realization of its objectives is an ongoing process. The policy laid the groundwork for a comprehensive approach to population stabilization, but the results indicate that sustained effort and innovative strategies are required to address the multifaceted challenges of population growth and demographic transition.

As family sizes began to reduce, there was a correlated trend in urbanization with associated environmental impacts such as increased pollution and habitat loss. Reduced population pressure in rural areas was intended to lessen the encroachment on forests and wildlife, helping in biodiversity conservation efforts. However, the efficacy of this has been variable across different regions.

While the NPP 2000 made strides in various areas, the diversity of India's population and the varying levels of development across states have led to uneven impacts. The policy also faced challenges such as implementation gaps, funding constraints, and the need for coordination across various sectors. The ultimate success of the NPP in creating sustainable social, environmental, and economic outcomes continues to depend on ongoing efforts and adaptive strategies in response to emerging challenges and trends.










",Asia,India,India,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",All,Other,Individual,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight negative effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,Not available to me,"The policy emphasized education, particularly for girls, and India has made strides in increasing enrollment rates. However, dropout rates, especially at the secondary level, and education quality, remain areas of concern. There have been improvements in women's empowerment and gender equality, including increased female literacy rates and participation in the workforce, although disparities persist.

With a significant emphasis on the education and empowerment of women, there has been some progress in gender parity, although this remains an area where further efforts are needed.

As sterilisation scandals abound, a consensus is emerging for a shift away from sterilisation towards a larger ""basket"" of contraceptive choices and concomitant improvements in service delivery. That such a shift needs to take place is clear, but precisely how it is to come about, and who gets to determine what is in the basket of choices are questions that deserve greater attention.","Population stabilization efforts are still uneven across different states and regions, with cultural, educational, and economic factors playing a significant role.
Quality of healthcare, particularly in rural and impoverished areas, remains inadequate for the needs of a growing population.
The policy faced challenges in implementation, especially with regard to coordinating among various governmental and non-governmental sectors. 

Unusual emphasis has been placed on family planning programs to reduce the population growth rate in India. The results of this initiative have not been good. India's economic system is mired in poverty and illiteracy. India has a female illiteracy rate of 60.61 percent and an overall illiteracy rate of 47.69 percent. In such a situation, relying too much on family planning methods has not worked. Due to unfavorable circumstances, the family planning program has not been entirely successful. Earlier, it was necessary to take supportive steps and create awareness in the socio-economic field. They can mention India's neighbours China and Sri Lanka in this context. The people of these two states are low-income; but among them, the education rate is improved, and awareness of the norm of a small family is widely present. Naturally, the population growth rate in these two countries has slowed down from 1.5 percent to 1.4 percent (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359186187_A_Critical_Analysis_and_Evaluation_of_National_Population_Policy).
",Yes,"The infrastructure for delivering reproductive health services has expanded with increased institutional deliveries, although access and quality of care vary greatly across regions.
The promotion of small family norms and the spread of contraceptive use have seen success, with a notable increase in the usage of modern contraceptive methods.",I am not sure.,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Other",Yes,"The policy's emphasis on a target-free approach has helped in reducing the coercion in family planning programs that was witnessed in earlier decades.
Initiatives such as the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and later the Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) were launched to promote institutional deliveries and reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.
The integration of family planning services with other health services, especially after the launch of the National Health Mission (NHM), has been a crucial step in policy implementation.",,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No information available to me,,Population size,,"Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Other",Population growth,I am not sure,"This is an example of a transformative potential on population growth, but it was namely focused on trying to control the population growth in the country. However, no detailed information is available to showcase other impacts on nature contributions to people.
",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,United Nations Population Fund,https://www.unfpa.org/about-us; https://www.unfpa.org/annual-report,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Ensuring rights and choices for all,"UNFPA is the world's largest multilateral source of funding for population and reproductive health programs. The organization scaled up its humanitarian support to provide life-saving services to over 30 million women and young people in 60 emergencies around the world. UNFPA sounded the alarm over stagnating progress in reducing maternal death in 133 countries during the period from 2016 to 2020. 2022 also saw remarkable signs of progress. Perhaps most notably, the human population reached 8 billion, the result of historic advances in medicine, science, nutrition, public health and more. Many countries made strides in protecting reproductive health and rights; a historic international agreement called for accountability in addressing climate change; and the global chorus of communities calling for racial, gender and reproductive justice gathered momentum. UNFPA was able to deepen in its support for women-led, youth-led and feminist community organizations and social enterprises. Additionally, progress was made in integrating sexual and reproductive health into national policies and development frameworks, and in the scale-up of interventions to address harmful gender and social norms. Some 6.4 million marginalized adolescent girls were empowered through UNFPA-supported programmes, and youth-led initiatives to prevent maternal mortality, end unmet need for family planning and end gender-based violence were supported in 88 countries. The main results in 2002 were 13.3 million
unintended pregnancies were prevented; 30,800 maternal deaths were averted; 111,425
girls were saved from female genital mutilation; 3.7 million unsafe abortions were prevented, 6.4 millon marginalized girls were reached by life-skills programmes, and 1.4 million safe deliveries were assisted in 39 humanitarian crisis-affected countries (https://www.unfpa.org/annual-report)",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,1960-1970,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,Other,All,Other,Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"By promoting the rights of women and girls, including their right to sexual and reproductive health, UNFPA has contributed to the advancement of gender equality. This includes efforts to end child marriage, female genital mutilation, and other practices harmful to women and girls. UNFPA has advocated for the education of girls and boys, which is pivotal in elevating the role of women in society, reducing fertility rates, and increasing economic productivity. Education is also crucial for informed decision-making about health, family size, and participation in society. Through its programming and partnerships, UNFPA has sought to prevent and respond to gender-based violence by reinforcing legal frameworks, supporting survivor services, and changing social norms.




",Not available to me,Yes,No,"By promoting gender equality and advocating for women's rights, UNFPA directly influences social structures. It supports women's access to education and employment, contributing to greater gender parity in various aspects of society.","Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"UNFPA has contributed to strengthening health systems, particularly in developing countries, ensuring better access to healthcare, which has broad social benefits beyond reproductive health. The agency also assists countries in collecting demographic data, which is critical for creating informed policies across social sectors including health, education, employment, and social protection.

",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"UNFPA's core mission is to ensure that every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe, and every young person's potential is fulfilled. This has profound social implications, improving health outcomes and empowering individuals, particularly women, in their personal and social lives.","Population size, Human capital",,"Financial insecurity, Current patterns in human movement and migration, Other",Population growth,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential on population growth.. However, no detailed information is available to showcase other impacts on nature contributions to people.
",I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The National Family Planning Programme (Nigeria),https://www.fp2030.org/nigeria/; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK236398/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","By the end of 2030, Nigeria envisions a country where everyone, including adolescents, young people, populations affected by the crisis, and other vulnerable populations, can make informed choices, have equitable and affordable access to quality family planning, and participate as equals in society’s development.

","With more than 175 million people, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. With an annual population growth rate of 3.2 percent and a total fertility rate of 5.5, Nigeria is projected to be the third most populous country behind India and China by 2050.

Despite being Africa's largest economy and with considerable donor investment in the health sector, Nigeria's health indicators remain among the poorest in the world.The National Family Planning Programme in Nigeria is a critical component of the country's public health policy, designed to address its high fertility rates and the associated implications for health, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. 

There has been some progress in maternal and child health indicators, with family planning contributing to lower rates of maternal mortality by reducing the number of high-risk pregnancies.There's potential for increased economic productivity as family planning can result in higher women's participation in the workforce.

Despite its goals, the programme faces significant challenges. Misinformation, cultural barriers, religious opposition, logistical hurdles, and financial constraints can impede the delivery of family planning services. The social, economic, and environmental results are not automatic; they require concerted efforts across different sectors of government and society, as well as a commitment to addressing underlying socio-economic issues.







",Africa,Nigeria,Nigeria,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,All,Other,Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,"The program contributes indirectly to more sustainable use of natural resources by helping to slow the population growth rate.There's potential for increased economic productivity as family planning can result in higher women's participation in the workforce.



","The programme aspires to contribute to poverty reduction by allowing families to plan and invest more in each child's health and education, though actual results are mixed and heavily influenced by broader economic conditions.

",Yes,"There has been some progress in maternal and child health indicators, with family planning contributing to lower rates of maternal mortality by reducing the number of high-risk pregnancies.

",No,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"Family planning programs have aimed to empower women by giving them greater control over their reproductive health, though cultural and religious factors sometimes limit these outcomes.

",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,"While family planning programs can help reduce the rate of population growth, the anticipated economic and environmental benefits depend on broader policy frameworks that support sustainable development, inclusive economic growth, and environmental conservation. Furthermore, the programme's social impact, particularly on women's empowerment, can be limited without addressing broader gender inequality issues within society.","Population size, Urbanization, Human capital",,"Financial insecurity, Current patterns in human movement and migration, Other",Population growth,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential on population growth. However, no detailed information is available to showcase other impacts on nature contributions to people.
",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The National Family Planning (Indonesia),"https://www.fp2030.org/indonesia/#:~:text=The%20vision%20of,sub%E2%80%91national%20levels; Utomo, B., Sucahya, P.K., Romadlona, N.A. et al. The impact of family planning on maternal mortality in Indonesia: what future contribution can be expected?. Popul Health Metrics 19, 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-020-00245-w.",No,No,"The National Family Planning Programme in Indonesia, known as the ""Program Keluarga Berencana"" (PKB), is a government-led initiative that has been recognized globally for its role in transforming the country's demographic landscape. The program was launched in 1970 and is one of the oldest and most successful family planning programs in the world.

The program has been crucial in lowering Indonesia's fertility rate from around 5.6 births per woman in the 1970s to around 2.3 births by the early 2000s. By providing access to family planning services and information, the program has contributed to reductions in maternal and child mortality rates.It is estimated that between 523,885 and 663,146 maternal deaths were averted from 1970 to 2017 due to contraceptive use, a 37.5–43.1% reduction.If the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) were to rise from 63% in 2017 to 70% in 2030 and unmet need for family planning were to fall to from 10 to 7%, an additional 34,621–37,186 maternal deaths would be averted, an 18.9–20.0% reduction.



",Asia,Indonesia,Indonesia,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,1970-1980,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,I don´t know,Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Despite its successes, the program faces challenges such as ensuring equitable access to family planning across diverse and widespread island communities, adapting to changing demographic patterns such as urbanization, and addressing the needs of a growing young population.

","It has helped empower Indonesian women by giving them greater control over their reproductive health, which has allowed for more participation in the workforce and education.

","PKB has been considered an essential factor in promoting economic development through the creation of a more sustainable population growth rate.

",Yes,"Family planning has helped create a more manageable growth rate of the labor force, facilitating better job matching and potentially higher wages.",no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"Family planning has helped create a more manageable growth rate of the labor force, facilitating better job matching and potentially higher wages.",no,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,Reduced pressure on natural resources due to slower population growth has been an important factor in sustainable development efforts.Lower population growth rates can contribute to reduced carbon emissions and help mitigate the impacts of climate change in the long term.,"Population size, Human capital",,"Financial insecurity, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,no,"This is an example of a transformative potential on population growth. However, no detailed information is available to showcase other impacts on nature contributions to people.
",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The National Family Planning Program (Brazil),"Brasil. Presidência da República. Lei 9.263, de 12 de janeiro de 1996. Regula o § 7º do art. 226 da Constituição Federal, que trata do planejamento familiar, estabelece penalidades e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da República Federal do Brasil, Brasília, DF; 1996.",No,No," The Brazilian constitution of 1988 established health as a universal right and duty of the state, paving the way for more comprehensive family planning services. According to federal law 9.263/96, family planning is a right of all citizens and is characterised by a set of fertility regulation actions that guarantee equal rights to the constitution, limitation or increase of offspring by women, men or couples. In other words, family planning means granting families the right to have as many children as they wish, at the time that suits them best and with all the necessary assistance to fully guarantee it. Since the implementation of family planning policies, Brazil has seen a significant drop in its fertility rate, which is now around the replacement level. There has been a noticeable improvement in maternal health outcomes, partly due to better family planning. 
",America,Brazil,Brazil,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,Opción 9,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,Other,Country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Despite its successes, the program still faces challenges such as disparities in access between urban and rural areas, the need for continued education about contraceptive options, and resistance from certain conservative and religious groups. Since the implementation of family planning policies, Brazil has seen a significant drop in its fertility rate, which is now around the replacement level.

","Greater access to family planning has empowered women in Brazil, enabling them to make more informed decisions about their reproductive lives.",Not available to me,Yes,"The Brazilian government, through the Unified Health System (SUS), is the main provider of family planning services. Services are delivered at various levels, including federal, state, and municipal. Primary healthcare units (PHUs) are the frontline providers.

",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"In 1996, the ""Family Planning Law"" (Law No. 9,263) was enacted, which provided the legal support for the establishment of the National Family Planning Program. This law emphasizes voluntary participation, informed choice, and the provision of a variety of contraceptive options.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,,"Population size, Migration, Urbanization, Human capital",,Other,Population growth,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential on population growth. However, no detailed information is available to showcase other impacts on nature contributions to people.
",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Saildrones,"Koutantou, Kalliopi, Philip Brunner, and Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo, ""Validation of NASA Sea Surface Temperature Satellite Products Using Saildrone Data,"" in Remote Sensing, vol 15, 2023, no. 9: 2277. doi.org-10.3390-rs15092277;Mayer, Larry: Uncrewed surface systems facilitating a new era of global ocean exploration. International Hydrographic Review (29(1)), 42-55 (2023). https://doi.org/10.58440/ihr-29-a05;Zhang, Chidong, Gregory R. Foltz, Andy M. Chiodi, Calvin W. Mordy, Catherine R. Edwards, Christian Meinig, Dongxiao Zhang, Edoardo Mazza, Edward D. Cokelet, Eugene F. Burger, Francis Bringas, Gustavo J. Goni, Hristina G. Hristova, Hyun-Sook Kim, Joaquin A. Trinanes, Jun A. Zhang, Kathleen E. Bailey, Kevin M. O’Brien, Maria Morales-Caez, Noah Lawrence-Slavas, Richard Jenkins, Shuyi S. Chen, and Xingchao Chen. ""Hurricane Observations by Uncrewed Systems"", Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (published online ahead of print 2023), doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0327.1;Thomas M. Evans, Lars G. Rudstam, Suresh A. Sethi, David M. Warner, S. Dale Hanson, Benjamin Turschak, Steven A. Farha, Andrew R. Barnard, Daniel L. Yule, Mark R. DuFour, Timothy P. O’Brien, Kevin N. McDonnell, James M. Watkins, Scott R. Koproski, Susan E. Wells, Patricia M. Dieter, Erik Kocher, James J. Roberts, Steven A. Senczyszyn, Peter C. Esselman, Fish avoidance of ships during acoustic surveys tested with quiet uncrewed surface vessels, Fisheries Research, Volume 267, 2023, 106817, ISSN 0165-7836, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106817; https://www.saildrone.com/; Preston, C., Yamahara, K., Pargett, D., Weinstock, C., Birch, J., Roman, B., Jensen, S., Connon, B., Jenkins, R., Ryan, J., & Scholin, C. (2023). Autonomous eDNA collection using an uncrewed surface vessel over a 4200-km transect of the eastern Pacific Ocean. Environmental DNA, 00, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/edn3.468",No,No,"Saildrone, Inc. is a United States company based in Alameda, California, that designs, manufacturers, and operates a fleet of unmanned/uncrewed surface vehicles (USVs), or ocean drones, known as ""saildrones"". Saildrone is the world leader in providing ocean data solutions with uncrewed surface vehicles, offering unrivaled payload, range, and reliability. Saildrone vehicles have sailed almost 1,000,000 nautical miles and spent almost 25,000 days at sea collecting data that provides unprecedented intelligence for climate, mapping, and maritime security applications.Saildrone's technology presents a transformative approach to ocean observation, which offers broad economic efficiencies, enhances safety and knowledge in societal terms, and contributes to ecological understanding and conservation.

",Europe,California,California,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"Data from Saildrones is invaluable for scientists studying climate change. Understanding the interplay between the oceans and the atmosphere can lead to better models and predictions, which are essential for developing strategies to mitigate ecological impacts. Since Saildrones are wind-powered and solar-powered for their instrumentation, they have a minimal carbon footprint compared to traditional fossil fuel-powered ships.",No,Yes,"By improving weather forecasting and maritime surveillance, Saildrones can contribute to reducing the risk of maritime accidents, which has a direct social benefit. It provides critical data on oceanic conditions, which is essential for understanding ecosystems. They help track acidification, temperature changes, and fish populations, among other ecological indicators. ",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"By providing more affordable data collection options, Saildrone helps stretch research budgets further, enabling more extensive and frequent studies which would otherwise be financially unfeasible.Saildrone's data can help in sustainable fishery management, leading to the preservation of fish stocks and the livelihoods of communities dependent on fishing.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Saildrone missions have the potential to engage the public and educate people about ocean science and climate issues, which is increasingly important in fostering a society that is knowledgeable about environmental stewardship.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Other",Technology,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential on technology, food and climate change
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,CoralVita,https://www.coralvita.co/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Restoring our dying coral reefs,"Coral Vita is an innovative social enterprise focused on restoring dying coral reefs, which are vital ecosystems crucial to the health of the ocean. The company operates on the cutting edge of coral restoration science and technology. Coral Vita creates high-tech coral farms that incorporate breakthrough methods to restore reefs in the most effective way possible. The scientific team has partnered with leading marine institutes, utilizing techniques to grow coral up to 50x faster while boosting their resiliency against the warming and acidifying oceans that threaten their survival. They then outplant these corals back into degraded reefs, bringing them back to life. Coral Vita’s land-based farms not only supply corals for restoration projects, but also function as education centers for local communities as well as eco-tourism attractions. They can also scale to make a significant ecological difference, with a single farm able to grow millions of resilient corals for distribution around a region.
",Global,Bahamas,Bahamas,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,Reefs act as natural barriers that protect shorelines from erosion and storm surges. Maintaining these structures helps to preserve property values and can reduce the economic impact of storm damage. Coral Vita uses advanced techniques like micro-fragmentation and assisted evolution to grow corals up to 50 times faster than they would in the wild. This accelerates the restoration process and helps reefs to recover more quickly.,,Yes,"Healthy coral reefs contribute to robust fish populations by providing essential habitats. Coral Vita’s work can help sustain and improve local fisheries, which are an economic lifeline for many coastal communities.",,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Coral Vita not only works on restoring reefs but also focuses on educating the public about the importance of coral ecosystems. They provide a platform for community engagement and education, which is essential for long-term conservation efforts.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"In many regions, the health of coral reefs is directly tied to the cultural and social identity of the inhabitants. Coral Vita’s model includes working with local communities, fostering a sense of ownership, and empowering them to protect their natural resources.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Global coordination",,"Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential on technology, food and climate change
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,From Sea to Street,https://equalsea.eu/ongoing-projects/from-sea-to-street/,No,No,"“From Sea to Street” is a citizen science initiative that investigates which emotions murals in public spaces evoke in the viewer and how this affects people’s connection to the ocean and the seas. This initiative addresses critical ocean challenges such as pollution, climate change, and the loss of important marine resources. The goal is to better understand and strengthen people’s relationship with the ocean and the seas through street art.
In collaboration with artists, tour guides, marine institutions and all lovers of the sea, an interdisciplinary team of young scientists will curate a transnational collection of murals with ocean and marine themes in three European countries: Spain, Latvia and the Netherlands. Murals, striking works of art painted directly on walls, represent an art form that resonates in numerous European cities. These creations have the potential to evoke emotions, educate, inspire and illuminate crucial issues, and often represent intricate relationships between humanity and the environment. The “From Sea to Street” initiative recognizes the potential of murals to bridge the gap between urban populations and the coastal and marine environment.

",Global,Spain,Spain,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Other",Oceans,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",City,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"Murals, striking works of art painted directly on walls, represent an art form that resonates in numerous European cities. These creations have the potential to evoke emotions, educate, inspire and illuminate crucial issues, and often represent intricate relationships between humanity and the environment. The “From Sea to Street” initiative recognizes the potential of murals to bridge the gap between urban populations and the coastal and marine environment.

",No,Yes,"Murals, striking works of art painted directly on walls, represent an art form that resonates in numerous European cities. These creations have the potential to evoke emotions, educate, inspire and illuminate crucial issues, and often represent intricate relationships between humanity and the environment. The “From Sea to Street” initiative recognizes the potential of murals to bridge the gap between urban populations and the coastal and marine environment.

",,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"Linking street art with ocean through citizen science can help policy makers to better understand the importance of the oceans for society, and act accordingly by taking policy decisions to protect both the oceans and culture.",,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,Street art can serve as a platform for social commentary and awareness. It can draw attention to important issues and spark conversations within the community. Street art can also encourage community engagement and involvement.,"Values, Changes in primary sector",,Other,Preserving street art,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential on art, food and climate change.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Global Polio Eradication Initiative,https://polioeradication.org/; https://www.nytimes.com/es/2022/08/19/espanol/polio-casos-vacuna.html,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The goal of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative is to ensure that no child anywhere will ever again be paralysed by any form of poliovirus.

","The Global Polio Eradication Initiative is a public-private partnership led by national governments with six core partners - the World Health Organization (WHO), Rotary International, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Its goal is to eradicate polio worldwide. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative is an initiative created in 1988, just after the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate the disease poliomyelitis; led by the World Health Organization, it is the largest international public health initiative in history.

Cases began to drop dramatically and are down 99%, with most countries having zero cases. An estimated 20 million children have been prevented from getting polio since the GPEI was launched. When Nigeria was declared free of wild poliovirus in 2020, it was a major achievement: it had been one of the last few countries where the disease had clung on. Wild poliovirus remains endemic in only two countries: Afghanistan and Pakistan. Afghanistan and Pakistan have proven more difficult because of their nomadic populations, rugged terrain and the unfounded notion that the vaccine is a Western tool to sterilize the population.





",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Public sector,,1980-1990,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health",,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Other",Individual,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"The key findings from this study demonstrate the important role that gender power relations play in the success of global health programs. Without careful consideration of gender, global health programs may fail to meet their required targets or further reinforce gender inequality.https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2021/the-impact-of-gender-on-the-global-polio-eradication-initiative-key-findings

","Polioviruses grow in the intestinal system and are shed through feces. The infection typically spreads in areas with poor water and sewage sanitation; wild poliovirus is found in this type of environment and puts unvaccinated people at risk.  The study found that gender power dynamics played an important role at home and in the community, in the workplace, and in the GPEI organization itself. The impacts in these areas affected the successful execution of the GPEI’s aim to eradicate polio through vaccination.

The initiative has created awareness and protocols for the proper disposal of medical waste generated by immunization campaigns, reducing potential environmental contamination.Polio vaccines require a cold chain to remain effective, which has driven improvements in energy-efficient vaccine storage and transport. This has broader benefits for other temperature-sensitive vaccines and medical supplies.By reducing the need for wild habitat encroachment (which can occur when communities spread in search of treatment or unaffected areas), the containment of polio indirectly aids in the protection of biodiversity.

Key findings regarding the role that gender played in the GPEI include:

The effect of gender on who receives the vaccine: In some contexts, including within Ethiopia and regions of India, and Afghanistan, the health of boys was prioritized over girls and more boys received the vaccine. In other contexts, however, misconceptions about the vaccine, such as that it would cause sterility in boys, caused more girls than boys to receive the vaccine.

The effect of gender on the successful administration of the vaccine: In many contexts, male polio workers were not allowed to enter households, creating a need to recruit and train female workers who could access homes in conservative areas to administer the vaccine. This increased the number of households reached, but also left areas that are unsafe for women or where women are not allowed to go unreached and thus unvaccinated.

The impact of having females as front-line workers on the community: The use of females as front-line workers delivering the vaccine resulted in the empowerment of women in communities where employment for women was limited, and for many, this was their first opportunity to gain employment in their lives. Female workers were also more likely to be trusted by communities. They were also were able to help other women in the households they visited by raising awareness on other health issues such as intimate partner violence.

The effect of gender at work: Having more female front-line health care workers changed the dynamics of program teams. Since all-male teams were limited in their ability to effectively reach households, there was a need for mixed gendered teams that included both men and women. This maximized access to the communities and in some situations, helped ensure safety of female workers.

The effect of gender on the organization of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative: While women were increasingly engaged for front-line worker positions, there was not a similar emphasis on promoting women to leadership roles, particularly at the global level. This has been reflected in the leadership of the GPEI globally and within countries.
","Vaccine-derived polio has become more common because the oral vaccine in use now protects only against types 1 and 3 of the virus. In 2016, encouraged by the apparent eradication of the type 2 virus, the WHO removed it from the oral vaccine. That move left the world increasingly vulnerable to outbreaks of residual type 2 virus. At the same time, global health organizations shifted from maintaining agile teams that could quickly quell outbreaks to strengthening overall health care systems. Regions struggling to contain polio often have other public health problems, such as poor nutrition, access to clean water, and other infectious disease outbreaks. But responding to a polio outbreak — or other infectious diseases like COVID-19 or monkeypox — requires specific teams and programs, said Kimberly M. Thompson, a health care economist whose work focuses on eradication. of polio.The WHO has missed that goal for decades, “but there is no accountability for performance,” Thompson said. Likewise, countries that receive polio funds rarely take responsibility for diverting the money to other programs, he added. As a result of the dismantlement of outbreak control teams, the vaccine response to polio has often been slow and ineffective. https://www.nytimes.com/es/2022/08/19/espanol/polio-casos-vacuna.html.

A new study (completed 196 interviews globally and within each partner country; 74.5% of respondents were male and 25.5% were female) shows that male polio workers were not allowed to enter many households in conservative communities which created demand for female vaccinators. This changed the dynamics of front-line program teams and workplaces and empowered many women to enter the workplace for the first time. However, some faced challenges with safety and balancing obligations at home. Women were less likely to receive promotions to managerial or supervisory roles; this was also reflected at the global level. Some described how this lack of diverse management and leadership negatively affected the quality of program planning, delivery and limited accountability. 

Kalbarczyk, A., Rao, A., Adebayo, A. et al. The influence of gender dynamics on polio eradication efforts at the community, workplace, and organizational level. glob health res policy 6, 19 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-021-00203-5",Yes,"The program has been a model for community mobilization in public health. Volunteers and local health workers have played key roles in reaching even the most remote and underprivileged communities.GPEI has increased public education and awareness about vaccines and has reduced vaccine hesitancy in many regions. The initiative has empowered women, many of whom are frontline workers and health educators, contributing to gender equity in the workforce.",no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems, Other",Yes,"The infrastructure developed for polio immunization has been used for other health services, including the delivery of Vitamin A supplements and the monitoring of other diseases like Ebola and COVID-19. Political instability and conflict in the remaining endemic regions pose significant barriers to polio eradication.While rare, vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks have occurred, challenging eradication efforts and highlighting the need for vigilant surveillance and immunization even in non-endemic countries.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"GPEI has supported the mass mobilization of vaccination campaigns worldwide, utilizing innovations like the bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) which targets the remaining two strains of polio.","Values, Population size",,Other,Polio,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential on health,  food and climate change.
",I remain neutral,,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,CST,,WildEast,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jul/14/farmers-wildeast-hatch-plan-return-area-size-dorset-wild-nature-east-anglia,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We want the East to become one of the world's biggest and best nature reserves, enriching our lives, and restoring our wild(er) hearts. (East Anglia UK).","This group has observed the decline of the area, in terms of biodiversity and wild land: ""Wildlife lies shattered and fragmented. The last 50 years have seen precipitous declines across all species, from wildflowers and insects to mammals and birds"". In response to this, they want individuals and groups to work individually within their own capacity to pledge land to wildlife: ""If every backyard, schoolyard, farmyard and industrial yard can save a bit of space for nature, we can realise this mission together. Here at WildEast, we want to return 250,000 hectares of land to nature and radically change how it is seen. We must slow, stop and reverse the alarming ecological declines that are happening on our watch. This is a mission statement that urgently needs your support (and that bit at the end of your garden).
IT’S A MISSION THAT NEEDS YOU TO JUST LEAVE A LITTLE LAND TO DO ITS OWN THING. NO MOWING. NO PLOUGHING. NO FLOWERBEDS (UNLESS THEY ARE WILD). JUST LONG GRASSES, DANDELIONS AND THE INSECTS, BIRDS AND ANIMALS THAT WILL MAKE IT THEIR HOME."" In this way, individuals are doing a small act within their capacity but together it adds up to so much more land being available to wildlife. it is a co-ordinated and collaborative response by individuals to a slow moving wicked problem.",Europe,United Kingdom,East England,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,"their vision as written on their website: THE GREAT RECOVERY 2020 - 2070 250,000 hectares return to nature  1,250,000 people from across the region committing to join our movement. …people, for nature, forever  A sustainable recovery in numbers for all at risk species across the region  The reintroduction of several key species.  The WildEast educational program being adopted into our national schools curriculum.  A profound shift away from a cheap often low quality meat diet towards a more eco-restorative high welfare replacement.  A region that is the first in the UK to be free of ‘one use’ plastic products.  Where everyone in the WildEast feels like they are a part of one of the world’s greatest conservation initiatives, where animals of all kinds live as wild, happy and free to roam as we ourselves are accustomed to being.",Other,"WildEast has created a digital ‘Map of Dreams’ which allows anyone to pledge land. Day by day, year by year, we can all work together until we have returned 20% of the region to nature. Scientific research supports WildEast's long term ambition to return 20% to nature over 50 years. ","Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I am aware of ,Not that I am aware of ,Not that I am aware of ,Yes,"This case asks people to leave a little land to do its own thing. No mowing. No Ploughing. No Flowerbeds (unless they are wild). Just long grasses, dandelions and the insects, birds and animals that will make it their home. The case believes if every backyard, schoolyard, farmyard and industrial yard can save a bit of space for nature, that the decline of biodiversity and wildlife would slow down and that co-existed can be attempted.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"The case get different individuals and groups to pledge bits of their land to wildlife: schools, industrial yards, government property, etc. 

Train operator, Greater Anglia, has joined the WildEast movement, pledging over 6,400 square metres of rail station – the equivalent of five Olympic-sized swimming pools - land to help the region’s wildlife.
The new partnership will see all 56 station gardens across the rail network in East Anglia added to WildEast’s ‘map of dreams’ which is tracking the amount of land pledged to help meet WildEast’s target of giving 20% of the region back to nature by 2050. 

The University of East Anglia has been instrumental in our ability to research and implement our wildlife goals on owned, donated and acquired land. 

",,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"This case believes that humans have caused issues like biodiversity loss, climate change and related crises through our industrial and consumeristic behaviours and that to begin addressing these crises we must rewild the land. Rewilding is the common goal and mission: ""Here at WildEast, we want to return 250,000 hectares of land to nature and radically change how it is seen. We must slow, stop and reverse the alarming ecological declines that are happening on our watch. This is a mission statement that urgently needs your support (and that bit at the end of your garden).

It’s a mission that needs you to just leave a little land to do its own thing. No mowing. No Ploughing. No Flowerbeds (unless they are wild). Just long grasses, dandelions and the insects, birds and animals that will make it their home. 

If every backyard, schoolyard, farmyard and industrial yard can save a bit of space for nature, we can realise this mission together.’""","Values, Population size, Urbanization",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,CST,,Mayombe Forest Transfrontier Protected Area,https://tfcaportal.org/node/438,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Sustainable management of the Mayombe forest ecosystems, for protecting biodiversity of global importance, and for enhancing socio-economic development, a culture of peace and cooperation in a trans-boundary and post-conflict zone, and beyond.","From the IUCN strategic plan: 
""Despite its ecological importance, the Mayombe
forest, and especially its southern part, was
subjected to decades of intensive degradation,
through unsustainable utilization of the natural
resources, and enjoys only very little protection.
Most of the local communities in the Mayombe forest
area rely mainly on subsistence cultivation, smallscale husbandry, anarchic logging, poaching and
fishing for their livelihood. Significant differences in
the levels of degradation of adjacent components of
the Mayombe forest ecosystems and the existence
of transboundary issues resulted with the conclusion
that cooperation between the countries that share
the Mayombe forest, through stakeholders’
engagement, is essential for enabling the protection,
sustainable management and rehabilitation of its
ecosystems’ integrity and biodiversity, and as a
basis to enable sustainable economic development
and poverty alleviation, throughout the region.""

By working together to conserve a shared resource that spans the countries' boundaries, Angola, Congo, Gabon and the DRC will not only bring about cross-border conservation but will also contribute to political and economic stability in the region. This initiative is twofold: protecting the rich and significant biodiversity of the forest and to alleviate poverty through sustainable alternative livelihoods in contrast to the current unsustainable utilisation of the forest’s natural resources. There is hope that a transfrontier initiative will serve to build medium and long-term sustainable socio-economic welfare of resident communities, and also contribute to peace and stability in the region.",Africa,"Angola, Congo, Gabon and the DRC ",Mayombe Forest,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Public sector,Funding has been approved by the GEF: GEF funding is provided by participating donor countries and made available to developing countries and countries with economies in transition to meet the objectives of international environmental conventions and agreements.,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Months,,Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Among countries,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"I cannot find information on this, so I don't know.","I cannot find information on this, so I don't know.","I cannot find information on this, so I don't know.",No information available to me,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"Engaging with laws:
In order to create the essential enabling conditions for the establishing and effective management of the
TPA, through stakeholders’ engagement and regional cooperation, the governments would need to address
the relevant country-level legislation and policy gaps, as well as to harmonize the related legislation and
policies between them. Related sensitization and capacity building of the juridical systems, relevant
government officials, management staff, key stakeholders, and the general public, is also essential.
A comparative and critical review of the existing legal and policy frameworks related to biodiversity
conservation and natural resources management in Angola, Congo and DRC, was elaborated through the
initial phase of the Mayombe Transfrontier Project. The study provides an analysis of the main countrylevel gaps in the existing legal and policy frameworks and recommendations for legislation and policies
harmonization, as related to the creation and integrated management of the Mayombe forest TPA27.
SO1.1. Legislation and policies harmonized at the regional level, and identified country-level gaps complemented, as essential to enable the joint creation and effective integrated management of the Mayombe forest TPA",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No information available to me,,"Values, Population size, Other","More than half of the families engage in the unsustainable practice of slash-and-burn-based household cultivation for subsistence and small scale local commercial use. Local residents live off the unsustainable use and continuous depletion of the same natural resources that their survival depends upon. Human-wildlife conflict, in particular elephant damages to crops which aggravates poverty and risks human life, is intensified with the increasing forest degradation. Urban development and infrastructure construction for an expanding population, combined with poor waste management, aggravate degradation of the forest, land and waterbodies. Commercial interests for the extraction of timber and minerals, such as petroleum, quartzite and gold, often over-ride conservation considerations, as well as jeopardize the communities' well-being. Roads and infrastructure constructed for logging and mining operations, with clearing of large forest patches and with employees brought in from outside the forest area, increase the pressure on the forest and natural resources, and negatively impact local communities. Source: https://www.berggorilla.org/en/journal/issues/journal-61-22020/article-view/the-struggle-for-survival-in-the-maiombe-forest-continues/","Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Other",collaboration between countries that have histories of conflict,,,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Trees for Life,https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/dec/14/rewilding-how-trees-for-life-are-renewing-the-highlands and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0pJuQkQStQ,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Trees for Life vision is
of a revitalised wild forest in the Scottish Highlands, providing space for wildlife to flourish and communities to thrive. Ar N-Aisling Tha Trees for Life a coimhead air adhart gu coilltean ùr ‘s fiadhaich air feadh a’ Ghàidhealtachd – àite nàdarrach airson fiadh-bheatha agus coimhearsnachdan a’ shoirbhich.","This project wants to reverse loss of ecosystems and biodiversity in the Scottish Highlands as well as encourage and support the co-existence and habitation of humans and wildlife. It is trying to achieve this transformative change through a few initiatives- making its trans- and multi- disciplinary, collaborative and adaptive. ",Europe,United Kingdom,Highlands,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don´t know,I don´t know,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I am aware of.,Not that I am aware of.,Not that I am aware of.,Yes,"Trees for Life is rewilding the Scottish Highlands. Below are several of our ongoing projects which will help us to achieve this mission.
proposal for Affric Highlands coalition of land owners and communities
Caledonian Pine wood recovery and active management
red squirrel reintroduction
Proposal to relocate beavers to this area
feasibility study for the reintroduction of lynx to the area
wild seed collection project
planting trees
encouraging and supporting bringing people closer to nature ",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"Trees for Life works with a broad range of organisations to deliver forest restoration and rewilding in the Scottish Highlands. We work with these organisations to increase knowledge and understanding about forest restoration and to influence policy, approaches and attitudes about rewilding.
 

Alliance for Scotland’s Rainforest
A voluntary partnership of more than 20 organisations that are all committed to collaborative action for the benefit of the rainforest.

https://savingscotlandsrainforest.org.uk/

Rewilding Europe
As part of the Rewilding Europe network, we learn from the many exciting and innovative projects taking place across the continent and share our experience in Scotland of forest restoration and species translocations.

https://rewildingeurope.com/

Scottish Environment Link
As members of Scottish Environment Link we network with other environmental organisations and help to influence the Scottish Government. We contribute our practical experience of forest restoration so that any proposed changes will really make a difference.

http://www.scotlink.org/

Scottish Forestry
Scottish Forestry is the Scottish Government agency responsible for forestry policy, support and regulations. They provide support through collaboration and sharing information in our Caledonian Pinewood Recovery Project.

https://forestry.gov.scot/

NatureScot
As Scotland’s nature agency, we collaborate with NatureScot to improve the country for nature. They are partners in our Caledonian Pinewood Recovery Project and fund our work on mountain woodland restoration through their Biodiversity Challenge Fund.

https://www.nature.scot/

Scottish Rewilding Alliance
We are founder members of the Scottish Rewilding Alliance, a network of over 20 organisations working to rewild land and sea in Scotland.  The Alliance is ensuring better understanding about the benefits of rewilding in Scotland and how government, landowners and the wider public can help make it happen.

https://www.rewild.scot/

Stop Climate Chaos Scotland
Stop Climate Chaos Scotland is a diverse coalition of over 50 civil society organisations in Scotland, including Trees for Life, campaigning together on climate change.

https://www.stopclimatechaos.scot/

Woodland Trust Scotland
We work closely with Woodland Trust Scotland to encourage landowners to restore forest on their land. We collaborate closely to ensure that landowners and crofters have the support they need and Woodland Trust Scotland are partners in our Caledonian Pinewood Recovery Project

https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/about-us/where-we-work/scotland/",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"There is a shared vision where wildlife is encouraged to flourish and communities to thrive. And the mission unites them : to rewild the Scottish Highlands by enabling the restoration of the globally unique Caledonian Forest which once covered much of Scotland. Integral to our success is the involvement of people. 

Our values
Our values are at the core of our mission to rewild the Scottish Highlands, informing decisions large and small from the day-to-day running of our office to major conservation projects. We have shared these values so that our supporters, volunteers and partners can gain a deeper understanding of what drives Trees for Life.

1. We are groundbreaking
We are an ambitious charity with a big mission. For over 25 years we have sought to bring innovation to conservation, and we continue to strive for new and ground-breaking ways to rewild the Scottish Highlands.

2. We are collaborative
We are an open, friendly and cooperative organisation. We welcome and encourage collaborative working with other organisations, land owners and the wider community. We believe we can always achieve more through teamwork.

3. We are pragmatic
We seek prudent, sustainable solutions in everything we do. We are always mindful of our duty to our supporters, our volunteers, our staff and above all to Scotland’s wild forest. Seeking a pragmatic approach safeguards our organisation and the work we undertake.","Values, Population size, Urbanization",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sophie Weider,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,No role,Transformative Change,McGill University,,Melbourne Australia’s Renewable Energy Plan,"https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2016/jun/10/climate-change-melbourne-renewable-energy-project-provides-global-blueprint https://goodanthropocenes.net/2017/05/12/melbourne-australia-a-model-for-how-cities-can-lead-the-energy-transition/, http://www.delwp.vic.gov.au/energy/renewable-energy/victorias-renewable-energy-roadmap/government-renewable-energy-purchasing, and https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/business/sustainable-business/mrep/Pages/melbourne-renewable-energy-project.aspx","Yes, and the vision is explicit","In 2017, fourteen major institutions operating in the city of Melbourne formed a constortium that signed a longterm purchase agreement to purchase a  88GWh of their electricity per year from a 39-turbine windfarm at Crowlands, near Ararat, owned and operated by Pacific Hydro. The members of the cortium include the city of Melbourne, Australia Post, National Australia Bank, the University of Melbourne, and Zoos Victoria. It is estimated that the project will reduce Melbourne's carbon emissions by 138,600 tonnes per year. Because the windfarm generates more energy than the purchasing group requires, it will provide additional renewable energy for the market, as well as secure long-term price certainity in the face of increased energy costs. In this way, the initative will benefit climate mitigation measures as well as the wellbeing of people in Melbourne. A second stage of the intiative began in 2020, in which 110GWh of wind power energy, produced primarily by Yaloak South Wind Farm, will be used to power fourteen shopping centres, nine office buildings, seven educational campuses, and four manufacturing facilities across greater Melbourne over a period of 10 years. ",The Melbourne Renewable Energy Project is transformative in that it creates an unlikely partnership among prominent institutions from all over the city. The cooperation of the members of the consortium allows for a much larger investment and therefore a large-scale transition towards renewable energy in the city. The intiative secures a long-term market for renewable energy production that is essential for  the development of large-scale projects. This project is supported by the C40 Cities Climate Leadership group and may act as blue-print for other cities seeking to transitio,Oceania,Australia,Victoria,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Energy,,Other,City,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,,,Other,Yes,The project was intiated and supported by local government and major institutions. The project  aims to improve renewable energy infastructure.,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,No,,Local community coordination,,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sophie Weider,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,No role,Transformative Change,McGill University,,Common Ground,"http://www.theguardian.com/society/2007/dec/19/communities.voluntarysector, https://www.commonground.org.uk/what-we-do/","Yes, and the vision is implicit","Common Ground is a charitable organization seeking to inspire people to connect with their local area. Their vision is to mobilize people to take environmental action by encouraging them to reflect on their relationship with their surroundings and imagine positive futures that could be created from these spaces. Common Ground does this through running workshops in schools and other community spaces about creating art about the specialness of their local environment. The organization also commissions local artists to express that which makes their surroundings unique. Through this work, Common Ground hopes to foster a common connection to place and empower communities to express their perspectives and take action in imaginative and inclusive ways. ","Common Ground is an example of an attempt at transformative change because it seeks to transform the relationships people have with their environment to become more reflective and compassionate. Through doing this, the organization is working to bridge the false devision between nature and people which has allowed people to mistreat their environment. The organization hopes to build community so as to create space for meaningful environmental action. ",Europe,United Kingdom,Dorset,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1980-1990,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,Other,Education and community engagement,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,Common Ground seeks to encourage sustainable behaviour and environmental stewardship by fostering community connection to place.,,Other,Yes,Common Ground engages people in schools and other community institutions through creative workshops. They seek to empower community members to  ,,I don´t know,Yes,Common Ground seeks to use creative  and inclusive practices to empower people to share their perspectives of a positive future. ,Local community coordination,,Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sophie Weider,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,No role,Transformative Change,McGill University,,Fog Collection Project ,"Calderón, M., P. Cereceda, H. Larrain, P. Osses, L. Pérez, and M. Ibáñez. 2010. Alto Patache fog oasis in the Atacama Desert: Geographical basis for a sustainable development program. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Fog, Fog Collection and Dew, 25–30 July 2010, Münster, 202–206.  Carter, V., R.S. Schemenauer, P. Osses, and H. Streeter. 2007. The Atacama Desert fog collection project at Falda Verde, Chile. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Fog, Fog Collection and Dew, 22–27 July 2007, La Serena, 391–394.  Larrain H, Velasquez F, Espejo R, Pinto R, Cereceda P, Osses P, Schemenauer RS. Fog measurements at the site “Falda Verde” north of Chañaral compared with other fog stations of Chile. Atmospheric Research. 2002;64:273–284. doi: 10.1016/S0169-8095(02)00098-4.  For a review of this technology, see Klemm et al. (2012) Fog as a Fresh-Water Resource: Overview ","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Alto Patache fog oasis is a conservation area created to protect a unique desert ecosystem in Northern Chile. The site is home to a diversity of plant and animal species that survive mainly on water from fog and dew. The oasis ecosystem is threatened by desiccation due to climate change and contamination from nearby mining and industrial processing activity. The site's protection is vital as several species in the oasis show a high degree of endemism, such that they are vulnerable to extinction. The site also provides space for academic research and environmental education. ",The Alto Patache fog oasis is an attempt at transformative change because it seeks to conserve a significant and vulnerable ecosystem while allowing for the environment to continue to provide value for local people. ,America,Chile,Tarapacá,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,Academic institutions,Deserts and xeric shrublands,State,More than 1000,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,The Alto Patache fog oasis seeks to involve multiple actors in the protection of a vulnerable ecosystem and engage people in learning about the desert environment through educational programs. ,,Other,Yes,"The Alto Patache coastal fog oasis is a State protected area. It was endowed by the State of Tarapacá, Chile to the Atacama Desert Center (ADC) of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. ",,Cross-sectoral cooperation,No,,Concentrated production,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,,,I remain neutral,,,
Sophie Weider,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,No role,Transformative Change,McGill University,,The Massive Small Collective,"https://www.amazon.com/Massive-Small-Operating-Programme-Urbanism/dp/0956860001, https://massivesmall.org/","Yes, and the vision is implicit","The Massive Small Collective is an organization that works to support bottom-up iniatives in cities and advocates for policies that will enable these initatives to succeed. The organization operates under the theory that by developing structural rules for urban development based on an understanding of cities as complex systems, government and citizens can collaborate to create cities that are adaptive and prepared for the challenges of the future.","The Massive Small Collective seeks to transform systems of urban development to become less top-down and more supportive of citizen engagement and action. Through this work, Massive Small Collective is working to ensure local voices are heard in the development of sustainable and climate-resilient cities. ",Europe,United Kingdom,London,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Services,,Urban/Semi-urban,City,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Not that I know of,Yes,The Massive Small Collective takes an innovative approach to urban development which fosters community led initatives working to improve the sustainability and adaptive capacity of cities.,,Other,Yes,The Massive Small Collective engages with municipal government to advocate for policies that act to enable and support citizen initatives.,,Other,Yes,The Massive Small Collective works to engage local citizens and encourage them to share their ideas for  the sustainable development of their city.,Urbanization,,"Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Other",,,,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Conservation and restoration of the mangrove ecosystem in The Gambia through the REDD+ mechanism,A Masters Thesis conducted and written by Line Hedevang Nielsen shows the positive effect of mangroves on the biodiversity of zooplankton in our Mangrove and Restoration Project in The Gambia. AND https://thepoint.gm/africa/gambia/national-news/gambia-mangrove-redd-project-holds-awareness-forum-for-local-authorities,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The project’s climate, community and biodiversity objectives therefore are:
1) To contribute to mitigation of climate change through removal of carbon from the atmosphere through mangrove growth and avoidance of emissions through avoided deforestation and degradation of mangrove habitats.
2) To improve livelihoods in the mangrove-dependent communities in the Gambia through increased job opportunities, improvement and increase of available natural resources and overall increase in well-being.
3) Improve environmental conditions, restore ecological services and enhancing biodiversity through restoration of wetlands including mangrove planting and avoided mangrove degradation and deforestation.

This vision is shared between the REDD+ and Verified Carbon Standard project members: Government of Gambia through the Department of Parks and Wildlife Management (DPWM) (who also holds the Project Ownership). The project is implemented by DPWM and the three Gambian NGO’s Sahel Wetlands Concern (SWC), West African Bird Study Association (WABSA) and Kombo Foni Forestry Association (KOMFFORA). Ørsted Nature Based Solutions is another project proponent.","The project is initiated by the Government of The Gambia to secure the long-term sustainability and maintenance of the mangrove reforestation and avoided degradation activities through the certification and selling of carbon credits. It aims to generate greenhouse gas emission removals and reductions through mangrove reforestation and avoided degradation, including wetland restoration and conservation activities. Reforestation will as a start be the main component of the project. Reforestation of degraded mangrove areas will take place in selected locations considering the ecological conditions and with the involvement of local communities, government, departments and NGO’s. The project is designed to actively engage communities in rehabilitation and maintenance activities to ensure ownership and alignment with community preferences as well as contributing to community development. The project also seeks to improve biodiversity.
Generally, the mangrove dependent communities (Approximately 80% of Gambia’s population) and those living adjacent to mangroves are characterized by a rural environment where the most common land use activities are traditional forms of land use, livestock, and agricultural activities (mainly rice cultivation). Human activities such as collection of wood for fuels, infrastructural changes and other anthropogenic activities are important drivers of mangrove degradation in The Gambia, and mangrove restoration activities should and will therefore be addressed in a manner that both contribute to mitigation of climate change, improving livelihoods of the mangrove-dependent communities and increasing the biodiversity conditions.
I believe this is an attempt at transformative change, as the Mangrove social ecological system (SES) of The Gambia was deteriorating: the ecosystem was degrading which thus had a negative impact on the contributions of the ecosystem to the community. In order to stop this in its tracks, the project aims to restore and conserve mangroves in The Gambia. The project will then mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration and storage, enhance biodiversity and have positive rural livelihood effects, including enhanced oyster collection, fishing and fiscal revenues to the participating communities. 

The transformation will be a a more sustainable relation ship with people and nature- where people dont just take from nature but also give back and conserve the limited resource- this transformation is done through a systems approach where scientists and communities, who are empowered through the project, work together to shift the workings of the SES.
",Africa,Gambia,Mangrove ecosystems across the entire country,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Other,The project makes use of the REDD+ financial mechanism.,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Foresty, Fisheries",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I am aware of. I could not find information on this.,Not that I am aware of. I could not find information on this.,Not that I am aware of. I could not find information on this.,Yes,"In the Grouped project, the activity consists of planting mangrove trees in degraded
mangrove habitat where the mangrove ecosystem is either partly damaged or completely
deforested. The species of mangrove trees to be planted depends on availability and the
ecological conditions in the specific area (salinity, tidal regime, mangrove species already
present and so forth). The species chosen will always consist of species native to The Gambia. There is also the  re-establishing the natural vegetation of the areas ( and, where necessary, altering the hydrology to re-establish the hydrology of the once intact mangrove ecosystem. This can include activities such as digging canals and altering roads and dams.
In this project, there is also an Avoiding Unplanned Deforestation and/or Degradation category thats includes activities that reduce net GHG emissions by stopping mangrove deforestation and/or degradation of degraded to mature mangrove forests that would have occurred in the mangrove forest configuration. Project activities will commence in a later phase of this project and could include the development of alternative activities such as the improvement of agricultural practices, promotion of sustainable agriculture and fisheries and strengthening of technical, financial and material capacities of conservation services. Overall, project activities conserving tidal wetlands are to protect at risk wetlands, maintain or improve water quality, improve water management on drained wetlands, recharge sediment to avoid drowning of coastal wetlands and creating accommodation space for wetlands migrating with sea level rise. These activities can be carried out by establishing conservation easements, community supported management agreements, establishing protective government regulations, and preventing disruption of water and/ o r sediment supply to wetland areas. ",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",Yes,"The project is implemented by the the Gambian Department of Parks and Wildlife Management (DPWM), Sahel Wetlands Concern (NGO), Kombo Foni Forestry Association (KOMFORRA)  (NGO), West African Birds Study Association (WABSA) (NGO) and the Danish green energy major Ørsted. The project collaborates closely with more than 50 communities adjacent to the mangrove areas who are also the key beneficiaries of the project.  
The project makes use of the REDD+ mechanism.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,,"Population size, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Nsombou Abalghe-Dzal Association (NADA) ,https://nadagabon.org/docs/our-mission/ ,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Community-driven, national-scale actions with global impacts that improve human well-being by conserving the traditional ecological knowledge and ecosystems on which we all depend. 
This vision is held by the NADA team: NADA’s origins come from the Community Wildlife Project Gabon launched by the Poulsen Lab at Duke University in 2015, when a team of paraecologists – local community members employed as researchers and community organizers – were trained to conduct wildlife inventories in the forests of their villages (see publications for the results of their work). Their teacher – then and still – was Alex Ebang Mbélé, a Gabonese researcher, conservation leader, environmental educator and community facilitator with 3 masters. At the end of 2018, Alex went to Duke to plan the second phase of the project, and returned to Gabon with a new collaborator: Graden Froese, PhD student at Duke and Canadian social-ecological researcher who has been based in Gabon since 2016 having previously worked in Southeast Asia. ","Nsombou Abalghe-Dzal Association's mission is: Sustainable and equitable governance and management of ancestral lands and biocultural diversity, established and maintained by Gabonese Indigenous Peoples and local communities.

Ancestral lands across the tropics are home to many heritage sites and natural resources such as bushmeat, fish and non-timber forest products that are key to the food, financial, and cultural security of Indigenous Peoples and local communities. But global changes in markets, climate, and extractive industries increasingly harm the land and animals, and in turn the well-being of communities.

And the people who most rely on and know best bushmeat and all resources – rural hunters and their communities – are routinely excluded from genuine engagement in research, policy and wildlife management. Faced with these realities, the time for action is urgent.

An outsider-driven agenda will never be socially sustainable, nor will it enable decolonial ways for western actors to engage appropriately in conservation. Innovative and inclusive interventions are needed for community self-determination, and community self-determination is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable governance and management of ancestral lands and resources.

When this work is led from within, it represents the possibility of truly just and transformative conservation of all biocultural diversity.

NADA currently works with 10 villages actively engaging in actions beyond data collection. 4 of the 10 villages NADA works closely with have begun the process of autonomous wildlife management. With individuals and entire communities acting as integral members of the NADA team, this innovative approach is successfully seeing rural communities setting their own environmental agendas and defining their own visions of sustainability. Some inspiring results include:
1. Villages creating a suite of hunting rules and sanctions, including electing management bureaus and holding regular community-wide meetings.
2. Each village determining its own specific rules including conservation reserves where hunted is banned; spatial rotation of hunting with open and closed areas changing over time; limits on the numbers of animals hunted and frequency of hunts; banning outsiders from hunting.
3.Villages reinforcing their rules with community patrols, and conduct outreach and collaboration with neighboring villages, local authorities, and logging companies.
4. The village that hunted the most at the beginning of the data collection created the most in-depth management system, a suite of nine rules, and reduced their hunting more than any other, by almost 50% – around 750 animals a year.
ommunity wildlife management on this scale is a novel initiative nationally in Gabon, in line with the country’s global leadership for a sustainable planet. NADA is working increasingly closely with Gabonese decision-makers, and through this collaboration is seeing an increase in community participation in national environmental frameworks.

Conserving thousands of animals like this represent not just a win for biodiversity but is vital for a healthy ecosystem both locally and globally. For example, many large tree species rely on hunted mammals to disperse their seeds, and conserving these animals enables the forest to regenerate over time and continue to sequester enormous amounts of carbon, fighting climate change.

Further, as the world increasingly recognizes the ethical and pragmatic importance of indigenous and local peoples stewardship of earth, NADA’s interventions from the local to the global provide tangible ripple effects for other initiatives to learn and grow from, just as NADA has from them.

As always, NADA conducts research with the aim of informing, facilitating and achieving truly just and transformative conservation.",Africa,Gabon,"Ogooué-Ivindo province, near the town of Makokou and the UNESCO World Heritage site Ivindo National Park",,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Months,,Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Yes,"Each village determining its own specific rules including conservation reserves where hunted is banned; spatial rotation of hunting with open and closed areas changing over time; limits on the numbers of animals hunted and frequency of hunts; banning outsiders from hunting.

Villages reinforcing their rules with community patrols, and conduct outreach and collaboration with neighboring villages, local authorities, and logging companies.

The village that hunted the most at the beginning of the data collection created the most in-depth management system, a suite of nine rules, and reduced their hunting more than any other, by almost 50% – around 750 animals a year.
",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably",Yes,"The 10 communities have each developed their own sets of policies, management plans and rules for their community to abide by. ",,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The values that connect NADA and its 10 communities are Community | Progress | Sustainability | Equity. 
They are also united through a shared mission and vision:
Our Mission #
Sustainable and equitable governance and management of ancestral lands and biocultural diversity, established and maintained by Gabonese Indigenous Peoples and local communities.

Our Vision #
Community-driven, national-scale actions with global impacts that improve human well-being by conserving the traditional ecological knowledge and ecosystems on which we all depend.","Values, Population size, Local community coordination",,"Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,,It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Raising Coral,https://www.raisingcoral.org/mission-vision,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","OUR MISSION
We have the vision to reestablish Costa Rican reefs with a holistic approach to sustain the health of the reef ecosystems and the people that depend on them.   Restoring reefs naturally brings people into a symbiotic partnership with ocean life, which has sustained us for thousands of years.

OUR VISION
Costa Rica is a Central American leader in restoring reefs in a way that makes the ecosystems and people more resilient to current and future environmental threats.  

This vision and mission statement is shared with the Raising Coral Team and their collaborators.","From raising coral website and 2022 executive summary:

""Although Central America has coral reefs along both coasts, we began our work on the Pacific side of Costa Rica.  The reefs here are built by a handful of coral species, but they are important because they support a high biodiversity of marine life. They are also proving to be resilient to climate change, so we want to culture these survivors for restoring reefs that can withstand future warming.  Raising Coral is the first major project to restore the Pacific reefs of Central America.""

They follow and promote proven scientific methods for coral propogation and planting in oder to accelerate the natural recovery of damaged reefs. Local communities are allies to Raising Coral's work. Raising Coral conducts awareness and education activities, as well as train coral gardeners wo support them in the cultivation of corals and restoration of reefs- this work contributes to communities income and their connection with nature.

They believe that local communities will feel a stronger pull to steward nature if their connection to nature was stronger and so they are trying to facilitate this connectivity. They are also trying to transform a degrading seascape into a thriving, sustainable and resilient ecosystem. By tackling both these fronts they are aiming for a resilient, sustainable and healthy social ecological system.",America,Costa Rica,Pacific Coast or Costa Rica,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Yes,"Restoration activities and impacts:
1. creating of underwater nurseries for the growth of corals.
2. Coral planting on selected reefs
3. monitoring of environmental conditins, coral health and ecosystem changes in nurseries and restoration sites.

Community activites and impacts:
1. training: coral gardeners, government personnel and the communiyt
2. technical contribution to the protocol for the restoration of reefs and coral communities in Costa Rica, and to guide the coral gardeners.
3. co-creating the documentary ""Simbiosis""
4.installing an educational snorkeling trail",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"creating alliances through the agreement with the Naional System of Conservation Areas. And the developed a project using MARS reef stars where locals were paid to make hexagonal shaped structures which support the growth of corals.
Working with International instruments, funds and grants, like adapta2+, GIZ and Adaptation Fund.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"Raising Coral has made their views and values explicit and transparent. These values unite the team and their collaborators through a set of shared principles:
""WE RESPECT:

1. The right of our fellow human beings and non-human species to have clean water, nutritious food and an overall healthy environment, which allows the satisfaction of the basic needs met to live a full and dignified life.

2. The knowledge, concerns and interests of local communities, as long as they are within the national and international legal framework.

3.  The right of people to have different points of view derived from their personal beliefs and ideas. 

4. Actions to identify, reduce, and repair human impacts on our oceans, especially those that threaten the existence of coral reef ecosystems. 

5.  The ""do no harm"" principle

      a) We encourage actions that improve both ecosystem health and human livelihoods.

      b) We evaluate all our activities to ensure we avoid harming organisms, ecosystems and human populations.

6. Partnerships with individuals, groups-businesses and other entities that share our values and principles over economic profit or commercial advantage.

VALUES & PRINCIPLES:

Integrity & Consistency: 

Integrity is our cardinal value, a precursor to the trust that society places in any person or organization practicing ecological restoration. For us, congruence between proposed objectives and transparent verifiable actions is a clear sign of integrity. 

Education & Inclusion: 

The fate of coral reefs will depend largely on our ability to educate and raise awareness among current and future generations. Our commitment is to provide information in a concise and transparent manner to all sectors of society. 

Optimism & Commitment: 

An optimistic yet pragmatic attitude towards the current and projected state of coastal marine ecosystems must prevail in all coral restoration efforts. We strive to take and encourage actions that will improve the health of reefs and associated communities.

Cooperation & Openness:

Dialogue and cooperation between different sectors and key stakeholders maximizes the social and ecological benefits of ecological restoration. We value joint action that fosters critical thinking, creativity and mutual respect as key attributes of any restoration and/or conservation effort.""","Population size, Concentrated production",,"Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Pollinator Pathway,https://www.pollinator-pathway.org/_files/ugd/7bd21d_d58129c1dc8841b19f4313a3d520e41e.pdf AND https://www.pollinator-pathway.org/articles AND https://www.pollinator-pathway.org/scientific-studies,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Vision: A world that celebrates and supports
connected, healthy habitats for native
pollinators.
Mission: To inspire, educate and support diverse
communities working together to restore
and connect habitat for native pollinators.

This is shared by volunteers and members of the Pollinator Pathway initiative","With the ecological crisis, and the deteriorating habit and numbers of poollinators, a group of individuals who cared grouped together to come up with an idea to combat this decline in their community. It worked well so the idea spread and now there is a whole database of pollinator pathway initiatives that have spread across the US. 

This movement is built upon a shared vision for increasing and connecting pollinator habitat. Hundreds of Pollinator Pathway gardens have been established in just a few years. It encourages people to rethink their space -- whether that is a lawn, local park, school ground, container garden, or window box. It is an opportunity for connection and local action-to connect with your neighbors, your land trust, garden club, or nature center. By reconnecting our landscape for pollinators, and reaching across town and state lines to connect pathways, we can have a lasting impact.

The project thus provides a space for collaboration among strangers to have an impact that is greater than the sum of its parts. This initiative has been taken up by many communities and thus expanded in spatial scale.",America,USA,Communities all across the country,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Other,"the initiative establish pollinator-friendly habitat and food sources for bees, butterflies, hummingbirds and other pollinating insects and wildlife along a series of continuous corridors. This will be road verges, volunteer gardens, open fields, traffic circles, school and municipal gardens, etc. It thus does not really involve a sector.",Urban/Semi-urban,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Not that I am aware of or can find information on.,Yes,Volunteers plant pollinator friendly indigenous vegetation in open spaces.,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,"The initiative engages with municipal ordinances, Regulations & Policies in order for volunteers to easily navigate the policy landscape pertaining to pollinator pathways in their areas.eg: (from website)
""Municipal Ordinances & Resolutions
Some towns have enacted ordinances and policies that benefit pollinators by banning the use of pesticides and other chemicals while others have passed policies and resolutions  adopting, and urging their residents to adopt, pollinator-friendly practices. Municipalities who lead by example can be instrumental in changing the way their residents approach lawn and yard care. Listed below are the actions taken by different towns, please consider asking your town to pass a similar ordinance or resolution to help  create healthier and more welcoming habitat for pollinators and people alike!
Here is a map of municipalities that have passed pesticide restrictions more stringent than those of their state government. (see on website at: https://www.pollinator-pathway.org/ordinances-and-resolutions)
If your town, county, or state has legislation that should be listed, please let us know by emailing info@pollinator-pathway.org.""

​",,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,Yes,"The initiative has goals to guide their actions. Their 2/3 goal is to inspire people:

Goal 2: Inspire- Create a collaborative network where ideas are shared, trust is built and
change can happen.
*Strategies
• Provide communities with tools for reaching across boundaries
to start and continue conversations about protecting and restoring biodiversity. We will expand beyond our base in the Northeast
and reach out to empower communities in other regions. We will
continue to build relationships with those doing similar work.
• Project a positive message framed around local action to neighbors, municipalities, business interests, states, and all conservation-minded organizations. We will provide ideas for keeping it
simple, affordable, and fun.
• Celebrate community actions. We will hold quarterly themed conferences, pursue media coverage, and develop regional partnership
opportunities to learn from each other. ","Values, Population size, Urbanization",,"Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Keziah Mayer,keziahmayer@gmail.com,No role,Transformative Change,Centre for Sustainability Transitions,,Rewild Europe,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tvJ-TRiHYBA AND https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rewilding_Europe,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","From the rewilding Europe website:
""Our mission
We want to demonstrate the benefits of wilder nature through the rewilding of diverse European landscapes, and to inspire and enable others to engage in rewilding by providing tools and practical expertise.
Our vision
Wild nature is valued and treated as an essential element of a prosperous and healthy society, with far more space provided for wildlife and natural processes.
Our goal
Rewilding is being practiced at scale across Europe. The application of rewilding principles, models and tools is delivering measurable, demonstrable, and sustained benefits for nature and people. With many actors we create a Europe that is richer in nature and more resilient to climate change.""","The current trend and status quo in Europe is decreasing diversity and abundance of wildlife and wild spaces. This initiative aims to rewild European landscapes at landscape scales across the whole of Europe through collaborative, localized, place-based, landscape scale projects. This initiative promotes and facilitates, through many activities, the uptake and success of rewilding initiatives. They are creating conditions for th empowerment of local communities who want to rewild their landscapes, and then society works in collaboration with scientists, activities and practitioners to bring their personal visions of the area to life. These cases make use of systems approaches to rewild their areas- which are adaptive managed.",Europe,"Germany, Italy, Romania, and Bulgaria, Spain, Portugal, Scotland, Sweden, Croatia, Ukraine, Moldova, Poland","Danube Delta, Velebit Mountains, Swedish laplands, Iberian highlands, Affric Highlands, Oder Delta, Rhodope Mountains, Greater Coa Valley, Southern Carpathians, Central Apennines",,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Among countries,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I could find no information on this aspect,I could find no information on this aspect,I could find no information on this aspect,Yes,"The initiative engages in rewilding practices like reintroduction of species to ecosystems, ecosystem rehabilitation and conservation and removal of alien invasive species.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"From the wikipedia page:
Rewilding Europe uses a number of tools to support its activities.

European Rewilding Network
European Rewilding Network (ERN) is an online network set up to connect areas in the continent where rewilding efforts are taking place, including both the core Rewilding Europe locations as well as many other sites with externally run projects. Promoting the sharing of knowledge and experience between the many projects and locations is a main goal of the network. The tools ERN uses are Online Seminars (webinars) held quarterly on various rewilding topics. ERN forum, open and free to all members, this online platform is used to post questions and information, interact at any time, and view previous webinars on a wide range of rewilding-related topics. ERN Bridge, is a virtual bridge set up in hopes to close the gap between the needs of the vast numbers of rewilding initiatives with students and volunteers searching to gain experience by working in nature conservation and rewilding. Direct access to Rewilding Europe Capital (REC), Europe's first ‘rewilding enterprise’ funding facility that provides financial loans to new and existing business that catalyse, support and achieve positive environmental and socio-economic outcomes that support rewilding in Europe. ERN members are eligible for a direct access to European Wildlife Bank, a tool designed to facilitate the reintroduction and restocking of herbivores to rewilding areas across the European continent.

Rewilding Europe Capital
Rewilding Europe Capital (REC) is the first ‘rewilding enterprise’ funding facility that provides financial loans to new and existing business that catalyse, support and achieve positive environmental and socio-economic outcomes that support rewilding in Europe.

European Investment Bank provided Rewilding Europe Capital with a 6 million euro loan finance contract. It is the first project of the “Bank on Nature Initiative”, set up by the European Commission. The signing ceremony took place in the Berlaymont Building, headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels. REC forms part of the enterprise component of Rewilding Europe, which is working to build a business case for wild nature in Europe. REC was established to positively stimulate enterprise economies connected to natural landscapes and their wildlife. REC achieves this by providing commercial business loans to businesses that can: positively address negative socio-economic impacts caused by rural land abandonment; directly and indirectly support rewilding processes and activities in Europe and to those which deliver economic returns from nature and wildlife related sectors that also work to conserve natural landscapes, capital and rural cultures and heritage connected to them. By 2018 Rewilding Europe in total loaned out to 18 enterprises the sum of 520,000 euros.

European Wildlife Bank
European Wildlife Bank (EWB) a tool Rewilding Europe uses to help bring back more natural numbers of the original native herbivores in our rewilding areas. These big grazers and browsers play key roles for the natural functioning of Europe's ecosystems. Tauros cattle, native horses and European bison are an example of the species involved in the European Wildlife Bank. European Wildlife Bank developed a database for all the animals in the bank. This includes information on births and deaths in all relevant areas across Europe, the start and end dates of contracts, the yearly availability of animals, and the demand for animals from new rewilding areas. By 2018 Rewilding Europe signed 16 contracts with partner organisations in nine countries.

Rewilding Europe policy work
Titled ""Making Space for Rewilding: Creating an enabling policy environment"" is a policy brief written by Paul Jepson, Course Director at the School of Geography and Environment at the University of Oxford and Frans Schepers, Managing Director of Rewilding Europe. The brief was written with the aim to make rewilding widely acceptable and recognizable as an innovative conservation method. The brief communicates that rewilding as such represents a growing movement in Europe and has attained scientific, practical and media presence. The interviews have been conducted with ten experts from the field of EU nature and legislation and in rewilding to explore the opportunities to create a policy environment which would support fuller expression of rewilding visions and principles.

With the help of this brief, Rewilding Europe works on getting support on enabling environment for rewilding in its nature conservation and land-use policies. Four main targets to be implemented in the EU policy are: 1) recognizing rewilding as a new conservation approach emerging from the inter-disciplinary conservation science interacting with currents in culture and society, 2) positions rewilding as a complimentary approach with the potential to extend the scope and impact of the EU nature policy in a cost-effective manner, supporting better implementation of the Nature Directives and 3) undertakings to support and invest in rewilding initiatives and studies and engage in dialogue with the rewilding movement in preparation for the 2030 biodiversity strategy.

In March 2017, a coalition of five organisations kicked off a new initiative to promote and strengthen the EU ecological restoration agenda. By signing a Memorandum of Understanding, Rewilding Europe, BirdLife Europe,and Central Asia, WWF European Policy Office, the European Environmental Bureau and the German Institute for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), launched this 3-year initiative funded by WWF Netherlands. The overall aim of the project is to strengthen the EU restoration agenda and ensure that specific actions are taken to create a coherent ecological network in Europe, by promoting and using rewilding principles.

Similarly, in 2020, the WWF, The Rivers Trust, The Nature Conservancy, The European Rivers Network, Rewilding Europe, Wetlands International Europe, and The World Fish Migration Foundation have formed a coalition to restore Europe's rivers and streams to their natural state",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"on their website under rewildin un action- people engagement:
""People engagement
Effective communication is essential when it comes to changing people’s ways of thinking, building public support, creating positive attitudes and engaging with stakeholders as we work towards a wilder Europe. To this end, Rewilding Europe has always placed great emphasis on reaching out, creating dialogues and involving people from all strands of society. We have now reached out to almost a billion people since we began operating in 2011.

Today our initiative continues to generate a lot of attention, with rewilding as an innovative conservation approach resonating with and inspiring people of all ages and backgrounds.

Podcast series
A new rewild podcast series is to take listeners on an inspiring audio journey across Europe, meeting many of the passionate people and inspiring initiatives currently enabling nature recovery on the continent.

A collaboration between Rewilding Europe and series presenter James Shooter – travelling photographer and filmmaker – “The Rewild Podcast” will bring each of Rewilding Europe’s rewilding landscapes to life, as well as taking an in-depth look at the work of many other leading European rewilding organisations, including members of the European Rewilding Network.

Impact Stories
The European rewilding movement has come a long way since Rewilding Europe was founded in 2011. Over the course of the last decade, rewilding has had an increasingly beneficial impact on landscapes and lives across Europe. A 5-part series of impact feature stories comprises a range of insightful stories, maps and infographics that illustrate how the impact of rewilding has grown.

On the big screen
Films are a great way to showcase our work to the widest possible audiences. We currently work on a new series of short films to showcase and upscale rewilding. The series is produced by White Fox Pictures and supported by Hogan Lovells. New episodes will be broadcast at Rewilding Europe’s YouTube Channel.

Also, on a regular base, broadcasters invite Rewilding Europe to engage in TV productions and documentaries. We have acted on a number of these requests, resulting in several reportages and news items, including a collaboration with National Geographic that led to a 6-part primetime TV series, called Europe’s New Wild.""","Values, Population size, Urbanization",,"Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Green Commons,https://www.groenemient.nl/; and personal communications with people living in the green village ,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Groene Mient is a residents' initiative in The Hague and our mission is to realize a special social-ecological housing project. Important principles of the residential project to be realized are: social diversity and space for individuality, living together in solidarity,
ecologically responsible living, affordable, accessible and flexible living.","The social-ecological housing project Groene Mient consists of 33 (private) sustainable homes on a plot of land of 7,600 m2 on the Mient in the Vruchtenbuurt in The Hague, in a green environment and close to the sea. The shared social and ecological values   ​​of the Groene Mient Association are the guiding principles of the joint housing project. The residential project is designed according to a joint architectural design, but within this each home differs from each other according to the wishes of the individual households. The houses surround a communal ecological garden, which also includes a communal building as a meeting space. Self-sufficiency of energy, use of non-fossil fuels, innovative technology, natural and sustainable materials, reuse of materials and water, and accessible and flexible homes are important parts of the construction of the residential project.Together with the residents of Groene Mient, architect Francois Verhoeven created a beautiful design for the communal space of Groene Mient, which was then realized with self-construction by the residents.

Mainly ecological and recycled materials were used for construction. The main material used is hempcrete. It is a completely natural mixture of hemp shavings, hydrated lime, minerals and water. It is a champion of CO2 absorption and purifies the indoor climate of the building. It is a unique, natural and recyclable building material. It is breathable, it does not burn and does not rot. The old beams from the school building that previously stood at this location were used for the roof, and a door from the school is also given a new purpose in the pavilion.",Europe,Netherlands,The Hague,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Individual,Between 10 to 100,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,No,Not available to me,Yes," Groene Mient realized the following measures:
-Use rainwater: collect it from the roofs and let it slowly filter in the communal garden (wadies).
-Lighting: (energy-efficient) outdoor lighting.
-Greenery/soil: valuable existing greenery has been inventoried and preserved. Mixing of fertile soil and poor sand during soil/demolition work has also been prevented.
-Materials/paving: as much permeable paving as possible for parking spaces and paths.
-Reuse: during the demolition of the former school building, the materials that were suitable for reuse in the residential project were selected.",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Groene Mient is the first CPO (Collective Private Commissioning) in The Hague that has realized such a large social and ecological housing project in The Hague.

",No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"Realizing the connection and the shared social and ecological values ​​are the guiding principles of the joint housing project. This will be expressed in innovative architecture and in the use of sustainable materials and technology. But also in communal (outdoor) spaces, such as a communal ecological green garden. Self-sufficiency of energy, reuse of materials and water and food from the neighborhood, accessibility and flexibility are an important goal. In this way we want to meet the challenges of the future.","Values, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food and climate change in cities.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Nordic Sàmi Convention,https://www.samediggi.fi/sami-info/?lang=en,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The preamble states that ""that the Saami people has its own culture culture, its own society, its own history, its own traditions, its own language, its own livelihoods and its own visions of the future""","The Sámi are the only indigenous people of the European Union. Peoples in independent countries are regarded as indigenous if they are descended from the populations which inhabited the country, or a geographical region to which the country belongs, at the time of conquest or colonisation or the establishment of present state boundaries and if they identify themselves as indigenous and retain, irrespective of their legal status, some or all of their own social, economic, cultural and political institutions. They are living in harmony with Mother Earth during the last 11,000 years. 

However, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the rights of Indigenous Peoples reviewed the human rights situation of the Sami in Norway, Sweden and Finland in 2016 on the basis of information received during her visit to the Sápmi region, including a conference organized by the Sámi Parliamentary Council in Bierke / Hemavan, Sweden, in August 2015. Its report is also based on independent investigations. The report emphasizes that the three states do not meet their stated objectives of guaranteeing the human rights of the Sami people.



",Europe,Finland,"Finland, Norway, Sweden",,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Finance",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,"The negotiations on the Nordic Sámi Convention ended in January 2017. The Convention includes a total of 46 articles, all of which include Nordic joint approaches to safeguard and strengthen Sami rights. The convention includes provisions related to self-determination, non-discrimination, Sami governance (including Sami parliaments and their relationship to the state), rights to land, water and livelihoods, languages, education and culture.

The agreement has been criticized by legal experts and Sami organizations of the Sámi and is currently being considered by the three Sami parliaments and the governments of Finland, Norway and Sweden. The Sami parliaments of the three countries and the national parliaments will have to give their consent to the convention before it can enter into force.",Yes,"The objective of this Convention is to affirm and strengthen such rights of the Saami
people that are necessary to secure and develop its language, its culture, its livelihoods and
society, with the smallest possible interference of the national borders",No,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,Yes,"The negotiations on the Nordic Sámi Convention ended in January 2017. The Convention includes a total of 46 articles, all of which include Nordic joint approaches to safeguard and strengthen Sami rights. The convention includes provisions related to self-determination, non-discrimination, Sami governance (including Sami parliaments and their relationship to the state), rights to land, water and livelihoods, languages, education and culture.

The agreement has been criticized by legal experts and Sami organizations of the Sámi and is currently being considered by the three Sami parliaments and the governments of Finland, Norway and Sweden. The Sami parliaments of the three countries and the national parliaments will have to give their consent to the convention before it can enter into force.
",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"An important cross-border initiative of the Sami people has been the effort to develop a Nordic Sámi Convention with the aim of safeguarding and developing the autonomous bodies, livelihoods, culture, languages and way of life of the Sami population with the lowest possible interference of the imposition of national borders. The states shall show due respect for the Saami people’s conceptions of law, legal traditions and customs.
","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,Other,Lack/low recognition of Sàmi peoples' rights,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, water, climate change  and health for Indigenous peoples
",I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Mulleres Salgadas,https://mulleressalgadas.es/; and personal knowledge of people working on the example based on our research,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The main objective of the association is to improve the situation of Galician women workers in seafaring and related activities, paying special attention to the low presence of women in management and decision-making positions.","Mulleres Salgadas has become the first and only Galician regional association of women in the fishing sector. Its pioneering and unifying character of the feelings of the mulleres do mar has transcended its initial scope, the result of a latent need of the sector to recognise and value women's work at sea.

The association encompasses all the trades and professions of the sea, which gives Mulleres Salgadas a plural character, as well as claiming, with explicit mention in its statutes, to be a feminist organisation.

They are more than 1. 500 Mulleres Salgadas members, individually or through their guilds (Cambados, Vilanova de Arousa, A Illa de Arousa, Aguiño, Cabo de Cruz, A Pobra do Caramiñal, Rianxo), companies, mussel associations (Amegrove, Aspromeri, A Banqueiro, Omega), cultural associations (Guimatur), cooperatives (Ría de Arousa shellfish cooperative) or the Consello Regulador do Mexillón de Galicia.",Europe,Spain,Galicia,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone),Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"Mulleres Salgadas has become the first and only Galician regional association of women in the fishing sector. Its pioneering and unifying character of the feelings of the mulleres do mar has transcended its initial scope, the result of a latent need of the sector to recognise and value women's work in the sea.",No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,They are engaged in academic and institutional forums to make their reivindications recognized,No,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The work of women of the sea has been historically invisible and under-recognised. To put an end to this injustice, Mulleres Salgadas (salty women) was born in 2016.","Values, Human capital",,"Financial insecurity, Other",Women invisibilization,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change in the oceans
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,SnowChange,http://www.snowchange.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Snowchange works to protect, document and revive the traditional knowledge and vital ecosystems of the circumpolar Arctic and Boreal North with a network of local and Indigenous Peoples ","Snowchange is a network and scientific organisation dedicated to documenting and preserving traditional ways of life and knowledge of indigenous cultures specifically in the Circumpolar North but also across the world. Snowchange works with local communities to gather powerful stories with the aim to influence international climate and indigenous policies. The organisation won the Worldwide Fund for Nature in 2002.

",Europe,Finland,Finland,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Energy, Services",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"Through its work they have contributed to the Snowchange Landscape Rewilding Program, which seeks to conserve intact ecosystems and restore habitats that have been disturbed by industrial land use, mining, forestry and hydroelectric projects.
The main actions have been:
-The conservation of Kivisuo, an intact natural peatland of over 1,517 acres that harbors a rich biodiversity and natural carbon.  
-The restoration of the Kissapuro River, one of the main streams of Lake Jukajärvi, habitat of endemic mammals, fish, amphibians and birds.
-The conservation of the transboundary Njauddâm river basin, located on the northern border of Finland and Norway, which is home to the Skolt Sámi people.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"In late 2010s and 2020s Snowchange achieved significant new goals. The Puruvesi winter seining was included into the national registry of intangible traditional culture in November 2017. In May 2017 we moved ahead to purchase the first lands for Snowchange – the Linnunsuo IBA re-wilding area (with a loan from Re-Wilding Europe). This 110 hectare wetland became a strict IUCN protected area in November 2017. In 2018 the Landscape Rewilding Programme was initiated across Finland to restore lost lands and marshmires. By 2021 it had grown to cover over 2800 hectares of 55 sites across the country, including Saami sites, positively influencing 31,000 hectares.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No information available to me,"Over the past 20 years of existence they have won several awards for traditions, sustainability, preservation of traditional villages and lifestyles, restoration of habitats at so on. For example in January 2016 our work in the Jukajoki watershed was awarded the “Best National Award 2015” by the Austrian Energy Globe Foundation. In 2021 Snowchange won one of the world’s most appreciated recognitions, the St. Andrews Prize for the Environment. Additionally Snowchange staff was recognized with the Tällberg Global Leadership Prize in November 2021.","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change of Indigenous peoples.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Ethic Ocean,https://www.ethic-ocean.org/accueil/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","All stakeholders, ocean users, are responsible and collaborate to find solutions that allow the oceans and their resources to be used responsibly, with less impact on the oceans, ecosystems and the communities that depend on them.

","Because catering, collective and commercial, constitutes, through its purchasing volumes, its number of guests and its link with the upstream supply chain, an important lever for changing production and consumption methods in order to change behavior towards more sustainable practices.",Europe,France,France,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The NGO develops several actions such as the The Ethic Ocean application which helps you consume seafood (fish, crustaceans, molluscs) while preserving resources; Recipes proposed by the Chefs of the Sea Crew (winners and finalists of the Olivier Roellinger competition, for the preservation of sea resources ), and Collaborative and free application that encourages consumers to eat differently.",,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"They have developed a  Guide intended for suppliers and distributors to help them implement a suitable control plan to combat illegal fishing, as part of their supply. ",No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,They create a higher awarness about sustainable seafood ,"Values, Changes in primary sector",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Ecotúnidos,https://foode.eu/sustainable-small-scale-fishery-in-school-canteens/; https://accedacris.ulpgc.es/bitstream/10553/123337/1/Pascual-Fernandez%20et%20al.%202021_MARE%20Inclusive%20blue%20growth%20and%20gastronomy.pdf; personal knowledge of the iniative.,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Sustainable small scale fishery in school canteens
","After years of research on the value chain of local small-scale fisheries in the Canary Islands, it was found that these only provide around 17% of the consumption of fresh and frozen fish in the Archipelago while, at the same time, 2.5 times this quantity is exported. Large imports provide around 83% of local consumption. Better use of local caches can be realized. This nonsense can be exemplified in the consumption of fish in most school canteens. Despite being on an island, most schools in Tenerife consume frozen fish from anywhere in the world. A pilot project to change the situation begun to be implemented in 2018 with the support of a fishers Producer Organization (Islatuna, with over 70 boats) and other stakeholders coordinated by the University of La Laguna under the project Macarofood. It involved school managers and cooks, fishers, researchers and institutions, trying to define together new ways to process and distribute the fish. Prestigious chefs developed recipes with local fish, trained the cooks and ten schools (2000 pupils) begun to receive fish, processed to facilitate the consumption (skipjack tuna and other fishes, refrigerated/speed-frozen) with lower prices than the imports. The pilot has been a success.

 ",Europe,Spain,Canary Islands,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone),Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"Better use of local caches can be realized. This nonsense can be exemplified in the consumption of fish in most school canteens. Despite being on an island, most schools in Tenerife consume frozen fish from anywhere in the world. A pilot project to change the situation begun to be implemented in 2018 with the support of a fishers Producer Organization (Islatuna, with over 70 boats) and other stakeholders coordinated by the University of La Laguna under the project Macarofood. It involved school managers and cooks, fishers, researchers and institutions, trying to define together new ways to process and distribute the fish. Prestigious chefs developed recipes with local fish, trained the cooks and ten schools (2000 pupils) begun to receive fish, processed to facilitate the consumption (skipjack tuna and other fishes, refrigerated/speed-frozen) with lower prices than the imports. The pilot has been a success.",No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"In the Canary Islands the school canteens under direct management (no catering) are part of 5 nutrition plans: none integrates the consumption of seafood products. The 
 verweight/obesity rate of school-age children in the Canary Islands is over 44%, one of the highest  in Spain
",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"In order to change the views of fish by young generations, recipes developed for schools by a renowned chef and recipe books involving restaurants","Changes in primary sector, Financial flows",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Empesca`t,https://empescat.cat/qui-som/; and personal knowledge of the initiative,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Arts Menores Costa Brava is an association created by a group of artisanal fishermen from L'Escala and Estartit, who are passionate about our trade and want to share this passion with all of you.","In Catalonia, in 2010, on the initiative of the then director of the Montgrí, Illes Medes and Baix Ter Natural Park, a project (Proyecto Sepia) was started in collaboration with the artisanal fishermen of l'Escala and l'Estartit, to recover the traditional artisanal fishing practice of cuttlefish with pots, which was being lost, and branches of ""galleran"" (Ruscus aculeatus) were installed to encourage their reproduction. Between 2014 and 2015, the initiative was extended with the installation of cuttlefish hatcheries in the Bay of Roses to encourage the reproduction of cuttlefish and squid eggs that were caught in the trammel nets under the concept of ""returning to the sea if we want to continue receiving from the sea"". While a line of ""cuttlefish"" are left at shallow depths so that they can be visited by schools and bathers. Talks about the project and informative videos are organised (http://www.projectesepia.com/projecte.php).The product receives added value as a sustainable product obtained by committed and responsible artisanal fishermen, which is marketed through a short marketing circuit of the artisanal fishermen themselves (https://empescat.cat/), managed and certified by the association of small-scale fishing gear of the Costa Brava. Subsequently, in 2020, the co-management committee for cuttlefish in the bays of Rosas and Pals was set up, which follows the model of the Cuttlefish Project and has extended the installation of cuttlefish traps in the Bay of Rosas, and manages the resource, the census and permit for cuttlefish fishing boats, establishes technical measures to regulate the use of pots and trammel nets, and decides the closed seasons with the participation of fishermen, scientists, the public administration and NGOs.",Europe,Spain,Spain,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"The product receives added value as a sustainable product obtained by committed and responsible artisanal fishermen, which is marketed through a short marketing circuit of the artisanal fishermen themselves (https://empescat.cat/), managed and certified by the association of small-scale fishing gear of the Costa Brava",,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"What led us to create the Empézcate brand was the precarious situation of our trade, as until now the only thing we could do was to go fishing and take the fish to the auction, where intermediaries bought the product from us at wholesale prices, which meant that to maintain our profits we had to catch many more kilos, requiring larger boats and an increased fishing effort, which increased the impact on the environment. This has changed, as the Arts Menors Costa Brava association has managed to sell the product duly marked with traceability labels, so that it can be distributed directly to selected catering establishments.",No,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"Arts Menores Costa Brava is an association created by a group of artisanal fishermen from L'Escala and Estartit, who are passionate about our trade and want to share this passion with the society
","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Gabriela Guevara-Cue & Paulina Aldunce ,gabrielaguevara@ug.uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad de Chile,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-4988   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-9333,Hydroculture Program,"Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T». La version más actualizada de esta base de datos se encuentra en esta ubicación: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T","Yes, and the vision is explicit","This is an educational campaign for water care in the Colina commune, a project developed by groups and communities of the commune organized by Angloamerican, which is born from the “Dialogues for Development” within the framework of the “Agricultural Group and Resilience to Change Climate”, organized by Angloamerican, to promote greater awareness and encourage practices that help confront problems such as drought and water scarcity in Colina from a community perspective, through unconventional daily practices and easily accessible technology aimed at contributing to conservation , reuse and better use of water.The search for joint strategies that benefit the community and have a positive impact on the use of water, which is a very scarce resource whose lack in quantity and quality affects the lives of all members of the community. This vision is shared by the associated community and the company that participates with them. ","The relationship between the private company and the organized community has experienced a substantial transformation, particularly in the context of water resource assessment and the promotion of sustainable production practices.",America,Chile,"Chicureo, Metropolitan Region",,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,No,2021,Months,,"Agriculture, Water",,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Food securuty,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No,No,No that i know of,Yes,The joint work of the private company and the community is a significant and transformative change in the mode of relationships and functioning of the local social system,No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",No information available to me,,No,Incentives and capacity building,No information available to me,,"Values, Human capital, Local community coordination",,Other,Public-private relationship for sustainability,no,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Gabriela Guevara-Cue   Paulina Aldunce,gabrielaguevara@ug.uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad de Chile,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-4988   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-9333,Designation of a part of a basin as a natural sanctuary,"Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T». La version más actualizada de esta base de datos se encuentra en esta ubicación: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T ","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Estero Derecho Agricultural Community, in collaboration with the University of La Serena and CEAZA, successfully lobbied for the designation of their lands as a Nature Sanctuary by the State, with the aim of preserving the sources of water that supply the population and the community. The APR committee has played a key role in this effort, resulting in the protection of water sources and the provision of training and environmental awareness education to community leaders and residents in the Cordillera ","The innovation in question pertains to a novel approach for the preservation and management of natural resources, particularly water and biodiversity. This innovation has the potential to significantly alter the relationships and modes of interaction between communities, academic institutions, and the government.",America,Chile,"Pisco Elqui, Coquimbo Region",,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water",,Urban/Semi-urban,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don´t know,,no,I don't Know,no,Yes,Joint work between the community and the academy to achieve the structural change that implies the designation of a protected natural area and the involvement of the state in this implies a series of innovative practices,no,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"To designate the area as a sanctuary, it has been necessary to modify on the ground modes of relationships and management, as well as institutional laws and structures",no,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,,"Values, Structural transition",,Policy-related challenges,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Gabriela Guevara Cue     Paulina Aldunce ,Gabrielaguevara@ug.uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,,,Voluntary Watershed Management Agreement,"Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T». La version más actualizada de esta base de datos se encuentra en esta ubicación: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Board of Directors of a non profit organization has been informed of the existence of a state program known as the Voluntary Basin Management Agreement. This program is designed to promote clean production and sustainable development in regions with productive activities, through agreements and commitments between companies, public organizations, and other organizations (Cognitive domain). As the request was made for APR to participate in an agreement that was already in operation without its involvement, CORFO has included its leaders and participated in the agreement, which involves various actors and serves as a reflection on water governance. The participating institutions in this agreement include municipalities, INFOR, Celulosa Arauco, CONAF, and other organizations (Relational Domain).","Due to the involvement of participants in an innovative endeavor and the formulation of novel management approaches, the association proved to be a noteworthy undertaking.",America,Chile,Ránquil,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,Public sector,,2000-2010,No,2022,Months,,"Agriculture, Water",,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,no,no that i know,no that i know,No information available to me,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",No information available to me,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",,,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Gabriela Guevara-Cue,Gabrielaguevara@ug.uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad de Chile,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-4988   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-9333,Association for ecological restoration and conservation: planting of native species,"Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T». La version más actualizada de esta base de datos se encuentra en esta ubicación: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T .","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The non-governmental organization TNC provided support to the inhabitants of the micro-watershed, which purchases approximately 60 thousand hectares, begin a replanting process to protect the watershed. The main objective of this initiative is to contribute to the sustainable management of the drinking water supply basin. Among its activities, the creation of a fund that guarantees money flows to finance conservation actions in the basin stands out. Its administration is in charge of the Chaihuín APR Committee and the initiative is added to a UNDP subsidy program that significantly modifies the way of administering and managing the protection and restoration of the micro-basin ","This initiative constitutes a transformative change that significantly affects social systems and how different actors interact, aimed at the common goal of preserving and protecting native species.",America,Chile,Chaihuin,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water",,Urban/Semi-urban,State,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,,,,Yes,"participatory evaluation processes reflected in a manual that addresses 7 areas. This manual was disseminated and delivered to around 150 people, leaders and members of various APRs. Collectively, it provided technical training and new approaches for APR members and an action manual.",no,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",No information available to me,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,,"Values, Human capital, Structural transition",,"Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,no,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Yuki Yoshida,yoshida.yuki@nies.go.jp,LA,Transformative Change,"National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan",0000-0003-3787-6092,Economy for the Common Good,https://www.ecogood.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The economy serves the Common Good and no longer simply the accumulation of money and capital. Inequalities in income, wealth and power are kept to a minimum. Consumption of natural resources remains within the regenerative capacity of natural ecosystems and planetary boundaries. Current and future generations enjoy equal opportunities.

Creative business activity leads to innovative solutions for the Common Good. It develops in different types of organizations within reasonable sizes. The companies cooperate intelligently and contribute to resilient structures.

Living in dignity is possible for all people in a common good economy. Work is meaningful and takes place in a multitude of arenas such as private businesses, publicly-owned enterprises, cooperatives, the commons, at home and in volunteer services.

Freedom takes on a deeper meaning. Not only can people shape their own lives, but also collectively design the economic, financial and commercial order. Personal, inner development receives the same attention as the outer environment. People are freed from the unhealthy compulsion to constantly consume, accumulate capital and grow economically.",It endeavors to alter the structure of the economy. ,Global,Global ,Global,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,-,I don´t know,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry, I don't know",,I don´t know,Global,"More than 1000, I don't know",None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large positive effect,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,Alters how economic entities are evaluated,,Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems,Yes,"It attempts to alter the econommy via new evaluation criteria, informing consumers, and informing economic policies ",,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,ECG has a clear set of guiding values and vision of a better economy (for the common good),"Values, Financial flows, Market interactions",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce,paldunce@uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),Interactive Knowledge Center (Centro Interactivo de los Conocimientos),https://www.youtube.com/@MIM_museo/videos; https://www.13c.cl/programas/factor-de-cambio/capitulos/jardin-adriana-hoffmann-programa-del-mim-de-restauracion; https://mim.cl/; chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://mim.cl/content/uploads/memoria-2022.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","It is a set of museums and spaces for an interactive, innovative and playful experience to get closer to science, art and nature. It contributes to training people with critical and transformative thinking, through sustainable management, with a focus on gender equality and inclusion. The entire community of workers, together with various external collaborators, such as local authorities, NGOs and artists, share the vision that to generate transformative change, significant experiences are required that empower people of all ages to be agents of change and transform society to meet challenges such as the current climate emergency","In 23 years, this institution has constantly sought innovation in its practices. Currently it has incorporated the intersection between art, science and nature as a key element. This last pillar has gained great importance and generated a project that includes the ecological rehabilitation of the park that surrounds the center, recovering 5 hectares of soil that has been planted with various native flora species, thus providing habitat for animals and fungi, in one of the most vulnerable areas of the capital. All of this with the purpose of reconnect the community with the country's natural heritage, reflecting, and putting into practice the regeneration of the natural environment and also of our common life.

Stimulating dialogue between scientists and artists expands the limits of knowledge, experimentation and imagination. And the conjunction of sciences and arts provide a context rich in content and relationships to understand our environment, and return to a more harmonious relationship with nature and with people.

Museums are more than spaces where the history of a country, works of art or scientific phenomena are exhibited, they are places connected with reality, with their communities, attentive to social transformations, which encourage reflection and conversation.

The Interactive Knowledge Center is today a space that invites reflection, but not only to diagnose, but mainly to act. It is a moment in history when we no longer only promote “learning by doing,” but also “doing to learn.”",America,Chile,"La Granja, Santiago",,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,It is still ongoing,Years,"The transformative impact of the actions of the Interactive Knowledge Center is manifested on various scales, from the first impacts of the ecological rehabilitation actions, the call for immediate climate action among visitors, to the awakening of scientific, technological, artistic and social vocations  in different generations of people.","Agriculture, Foresty, Health, Energy, Other",Technology,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,,No change,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,,No negative impacts have been identified,"No, we are constantly working towards community integration and improving sustainability practices.","There are groups that have benefited more immediately than others. Accessibility to the spaces of the Interactive Knowledge Center still needs to be improved, but various actions are also being developed that seek to reach marginalized groups, bringing the experiences of this space to other communities and other places in the country.",Yes,"The actions aim to change behavior in people of all ages, but especially involve young people and children, who are motivated to replicate part of the non-formal education experiences lived here, in their closest environments and to lead reflection and debate in everyday life.",,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,"The Interactive Knowledge Center is part of the Ministry of Cultures, Arts and Heritage of Chile and is currently in agreement with the General Secretary of the Government to promote citizen participation and the work of social leaders.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,"The initiatives of the Interactive Knowledge Center have recently sought to rescue knowledge and practices of various indigenous peoples of the region, as well as other cultures that have approached their relationship with nature in a sustainable and conscious manner. Likewise, it seeks to make visible the knowledge of local rural communities, which are often not recognized by the predominant knowledge models.","Values, Urbanization, Concentrated production",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce; Fernanda Haverbeck ,paldunce@uchile.cl; fernanda.flores@uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),"Creation of ""EcoRinconada"" an environmental organization from grassroots","Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T https://www.cr2.cl/datos-acciones-transformacion/Proyecto Fondecyt 1220937","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The EcoRinconada association comprises individuals, coming together to lead initiatives that seek to transform the community's interaction with their environment, particularly in the context of drought. Their goals include increasing awareness of the issue, fostering environmental care, and advocating responsible water use. They establish collaborative networks with key entities in the region, such as schools, health centers, and private companies, to effectively pursue their goals. Additionally, they execute diverse projects, such as conducting environmental education workshops in the community and schools, implementing a biofilter project in schools to repurpose gray water for a school greenhouse, forming the children's ecological organization ""Aucologistas"" to champion environmental protection, promoting ecological markets for the exchange and purchase of eco-friendly products, and engaging in the cleaning and protection of the sclerophyllous forest in the area.","
First, because it attempts to change the belief that institutions should make the changes and promotes that communities and residents organize themselves to protect the environment. Second, it educates and disseminates knowledge about climate change. Third, it carries out practical actions, such as biofilters in schools, ecological markets, or forest clean-ups.",America,Chile,"Rinconada de los Andes, Valparaiso Region, Aconcagua Valley",Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Months,"Within the desired changes, there are those that take days (forest cleaning) and others years (increasing environmental awareness and care)","Foresty, Water, Health","Educational, Enviromental ","Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,"Social consequences: develop of a networking between actor in the territory: schools, health centers, Private companies",No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,No change,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"By fostering collaborative relationships among public and private actors in the territory; promoting environmental care through education workshops and specific actions such as forest cleaning and implementing biofilters in schools; and establishing an environmental organization within their commune.
",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Other",Yes,"By creating fresh collaborations among individuals and organizations of all ages within the commune, promoting novel approaches to greywater care and utilization, and advocating for environmental care and protection of forest
",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,"By promoting collaboration and the active involvement of individuals from the territory, encouraging them to implement actions at the local level. They also disseminate a vision of climate change and emphasize the necessity of committed actions to protect nature.","Values, Concentrated production",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce; Fernanda Haverbeck ,paldunce@uchile.cl; fernanda.flores@uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),"Formation of ""APR Chile"" a national organization of Community Organization for Rural Drinking Water","Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T https://www.cr2.cl/datos-acciones-transformacion/     Proyecto Fondecyt 1220937","Yes, and the vision is explicit","“APR Chile” is composed by leaders from APRs at the local level, which are organizations that deliver water services in rural areas across the country. Their objective is ensuring and improving access to water for rural residents, given the challenges of insufficient drinking water infrastructure and drought. The establishment of APR Chile, a previously nonexistent structure, has facilitated new connections among local APRs and external decision-makers at the national level. Currently, APR Chile aim to influence legislative changes based on local insights. This organizational process has not only addressed challenges but also served as a platform for learning, sharing experiences and collaborative problem-solving.","This example has significantly contributed to transformative change by establishing a new relationship between local and national levels in the context of accesibility to freshwater. APR Chile is seeking legislative and institutional reforms within the water governance system to provide freshwater in rural areas. Members of the national APR organization guide their efforts based on values such as collaboration, the exchange of experiences, and a collective approach to problem-solving. APR Chile is dedicated to advocating for water access as a fundamental human right. ",America,Chile,Chile,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Other,the organization is funded by its own members and water users ,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Water, Health, Services",,Other,Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,I don´t know,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"Establishing a novel collaborative relationship among local organizations to influence public policies in the area, and creating a learning and experience-sharing platform for organizations managing access to freshwater in rural zones.",No,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"By developing proposals from a pertinent and local perspective about rural drinking water management at the national level. Furthermore, by establishing a new unified institutional framework for organizations providing rural water services that can engage in dialogue with authorities to advocate for their rights and needs, and the social value of their work.",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,By organizing communities to manage freshwater access through collaboration and collective benefits. Empowering rural drinking water services as key stakeholders in decision-making and the development of public policies regulating the sector.,"Values, Urbanization, Market interactions",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity, Other",Equality access to freshwater in rural areas,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce; Fernanda Haverbeck ,paldunce@uchile.cl; fernanda.flores@uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),"Conservation of wetlands ecosystems through the protection of their conservation objects via a National Wetland Protection Plan, Chile","Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T https://www.cr2.cl/datos-acciones-transformacion/Proyecto Fondecyt 1220937","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The vision of the National Wetland Protection Plan is contribute to stopping the deterioration of wetlands and preserving their rich biodiversity. This vision is promoting by the Local and National levels of Environmental Minister.The Plan consider wetlands as ecosystems with a large social and environmental value, due to their provide fundamental services and benefits for the life in the Earth. Specifically, wetlands provide freshwater, food, and resources; also, they controlle the floodings and are the recharge of suterranian water; and last, wetlands are the termporary or permanent home of flora and fauna. In addition, as innovations, the plan offers legal assistance and information, enabling private individuals and civil society to independently develop their own protection initiatives, and the elaboration of the plan was a participatory process that involved local communities. Finally, in the context of Climate Change, protect and promote te conservation of this ecosystem could help to reduce the impacts of floodings because of extreme precipitation.","Preserving wetlands from the effects of human activity is crucial for safeguarding biodiversity in these ecosystems. This example contributes to wetland conservation by recognizing the importance of their ecosystem function, including the provision of water resources, the creation of habitats for flora and fauna, and the containment of water during floods, among other aspects. The protection process is carried out collaboratively, involving the public sector, the private sector, and civil society organizations, establishing collaborative working relationships among these stakeholders. Up to this moment (2023) this iniciative has protected 3 new wetlands in the Atacama region.",America,Chile,Chile,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,No,2022,Years,,I don't know,,"Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,By facilitating and promoting the participation of the private sector and civil society in the protection of wetlands.,No,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",Yes,"Building collaboration among the public sector, private sector, and civil society to enhance wetland protection through their designation as protected areas. ",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,By recognizing the value of wetland ecosystems on the natural control of flooding and understanding the importance of wetland protections for safeguarding biodiversity and life in the areas.,"Urbanization, Market interactions",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce; Fernanda Haverbeck ,paldunce@uchile.cl; fernanda.flores@uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),"Formation of the Aconcagua Valley Multi-Actor Working Group for Water Management, Valparaiso, Chile","Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T https://www.cr2.cl/datos-acciones-transformacion/  Proyecto Fondecyt 1220937","Yes, and the vision is explicit","This initiative was implemented by the local government of Aconcagua Valley. The main objective is to understand the challenges and formulate collective proposals to enhance water management in the Valley. The vision of this initiative is that, in a drought context, territorial actors need to collaborate from a multi-stakeholder perspective, involving participants from the public and private sectors, as well as civil society. This collaborative approach aims to collectively find solutions to water-related issues by creating a shared space.","This example is transformative as it fosters collaborative relationships among diverse stakeholders and interests concerning the utilization and management of water in the Aconcagua Valley. Simultaneously, it formulates collective proposals to address this issue comprehensively. Ultimately, this forum emerges as a potential model for a new institutional framework for the integrated management of the Aconcagua Valley watershed, particularly within the context of climate change.",America,Chile,"Aconcagua Valley, Valparaiso Region",,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Industry",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,By fostering collaborative relationships among public and private actors in the territory,No,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting adaptive governance and management",Yes,"By promoting collaborative work between local actors from the public and private sectors to enhance and find solutions for better water management in a context of drought.
",No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"by adopting a multi-stakeholder perspective that involves participants from the public and private sectors, as well as civil society, to collectively address water-related issues by establishing a collaborative space.","Concentrated production, Market interactions",,Policy-related challenges,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce; Fernanda Haverbeck ,paldunce@uchile.cl; fernanda.flores@uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),"Environmental education and dissemination about the impacts of extreme precipitation in Pan de Azúcar National Park, Atacama, Chile","Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T https://www.cr2.cl/datos-acciones-transformacion/     Proyecto Fondecyt 1220937","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The park rangers of Pan de Azúcar National Park share the vision that promoting education about natural and evolutionary phenomena, such as alluvions resulting from extreme precipitation, is crucial for enhancing people’s comprehension of ecosystems and the importance of protecting them. By incorporating new tourist routes, trekking, and informational points about alluvions to illustrate their impacts on ecosystems and human life, park rangers educate visitors about the dynamism and cycles of the Atacama Desert Ecosystems and the effects of Climate Change on them. This environmental education aims to deepen people's understanding of human impacts on nature and advocate for the protection of the environment","This example is transformative because it is educatively leveraging the impacts of extreme rainfall, a result of climate change, to raise awareness about the effects of alluvial events on human life and ecosystems. Simultaneously, it advocates for the conservation of these ecosystems.",America,Chile,"Pan de Azucar National Park, Atacama Region",,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,Tourism,Deserts and xeric shrublands,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"By promoting environmental education to visitors of the national park, with a specific emphasis on natural and evolutionary phenomena such as alluvions resulting from extreme precipitation. As examples, they create new trekking routes, viewpoints, and conduct talks about these events for visitors.",No,Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people,Yes,"By developing new programs that promote environmental education, which is necessary to disseminate knowledge about climate change and empower inhabitants with the agency to bring about transformatio",No,None,Yes,By disseminating environmental education that promotes a deep understanding among people of the impacts humans have on nature and advocates for the protection of the environment. ,"Values, Urbanization",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce; Fernanda Haverbeck; TCA technical support unit,paldunce@uchile.cl; fernanda.flores@uchile.cl; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),"Incorporation of a watershed perspective executive guidelines in the National Forestry Corporation (CONAF), Chile","Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T https://www.cr2.cl/datos-acciones-transformacion/     Proyecto Fondecyt 1220937","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The primary role of the National Forestry Corporation (CONAF) in Chile is to manage forestry policies throughout the country, including natural reserves, parks, and forested areas. Currently, CONAF is focused on incorporating new executive guidelines with a ""watershed perspective."" This approach signifies a comprehensive and macro vision in implementing protective measures for the forest to yield better results. The vision involves recognizing the ecological role of the forest and actively working to preserve it. Specifically, this vision is improving the development of actions to protect the sclerophyllous forest in the Aconcagua Valley.","The transformation in this example is the incorporation of a watershed perspective into forest policy management, enabling local and integrated actions within the Aconcagua Valley watershed. This enhances the development of initiatives for the protection of the sclerophyllous forest",America,Chile,"Aconcagua Valley, Valparaiso Region",,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,By incorporating and strategically planning new actions to safeguard natural reserves and forests.,No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management",Yes,By improving existing and creating new local policies and infrastructures to implement a watershed perspective that promotes the protection of the sclerophyllous forest. This will also foster collaborative efforts among stakeholders in the region and the Aconcagua Valley.,No,None,Yes,"Because it promotes a connected vision of ecosystem services in the region. This perspective involves thinking in an integrated manner when planning actions in the Valley, emphasizing the protection of ecosystems for their crucial role in preserving human life. Simultaneously, it underscores the imperative of considering the impacts of human actions on ecosystems.","Values, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,The initiative has faced protests from Indigenous Peoples in the area: https://news.mongabay.com/2022/11/dam-construction-ignites-indigenous-youth-movement-in-southern-chile/,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Paulina Aldunce; Fernanda Haverbeck ,paldunce@uchile.cl and fernanda.flores@uchile.cl,CA,Transformative Change,University of Chile,0000-0002-1159-9333 (Paulina); 0000-0003-0510-7045 (Fernanda),Testing and searching for more resistant and sustainable crops with the aim of providing an alternative for small-scale family farming and culture on risk of disappearing due to drought,"Aldunce, P., Guevara, G. & Muñoz, F. (2022). Base de datos acciones de transformación. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/RC94T https://www.cr2.cl/datos-acciones-transformacion/     Proyecto Fondecyt 1220937","Yes, and the vision is explicit","An individual, without any financial assistance from either public or private sources, is actively searching and experimenting with the cultivation of buckwheat in the Aconcagua Valley. Buckwheat, a seed not traditionally grown in the area, demands less water than the typically cultivated crop. This person is deeply concerned about the future of small farmers in the context of drought exacerbated by climate change. 
In pursuit of adaptive solutions, her goal is to find an alternative for small farmers, mitigating job loss, avoiding the massive installation of solar panels in fertile lands, and safeguarding the longstanding family tradition of land farming. She is actively working to shift forward the rigid mindset of farmers towards a more flexible and adaptive approach. Furthermore, this strategy aligns with sustainability goals, particularly in addressing water scarcity.
","This example has the potential to be transformative. Firstly, it could enable a shift in farmers' beliefs, transitioning from a perspective of hopelessness to a vision where they can be agents of change in the face of the imminent disappearance of family farming. Secondly, the initiative is grounded in values such as sustainability, collaboration, and the exploration of alternatives for families with a farming tradition impacted by drought.",America,Chile,"LlayLLay, Aconcagua Valley, Valparaiso Region",Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,None,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,Between 10 to 100,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,By implementing new crops that are more resistant to drought and fostering a shift away from the non-innovative behavior of traditional farmers.,No,Producing and consuming food sustainably,No,,No,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,"Because this example is actively seeking sustainable alternatives for farmers in the context of drought. Furthermore, it recognizes the value of agricultural tradition as both a livelihood and an identity for the regions. Additionally, it aims to shift the perception from ""there is nothing to do"" to ""we can find a solution together."" This initiative is rooted in values such as collaboration, sustainability, and solidarity.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Dead in the water? Sustainability and direct seafood sales in Sweden.,"Gillette, M. B., & Vesterberg, V. (2022). Dead in the water? Sustainability and direct seafood sales in Sweden. Journal of Rural Studies, 89, 248–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.12.004","Yes, and the vision is explicit",Selling direct seafood by fishers to consumers,"They propose a new approach to reach sustainable development of the Swedish Smallscale fisheries, using Direct Marketing as a central tool for transformative change in the consumer-producer relationship. The findings reveal that fishers who sell directly confront social and economic challenges and operate at a small scale, which calls into question claims made in policy documents, reports, and the media about the relationship between direct sales and sustainable development. At the same time, the operations realise sustainability visions promoted by the global alternative food movement: they strengthen non-fishers' support for small-scale producers, transmit knowledge and concern about fish and marine environments, and facilitate some consumption outside the corporate-industrial food system. For the practice to contribute meaningfully to supporting small-scale fisheries, coastal communities and sustainable consumption, direct seafood sales must be repositioned in thicker social and institutional arrangements that can spread laterally and be networked.",Europe,Sweden,"East coast, Northern Baltic coast and West coast",Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,"This research was funded by grant 2018-00251 from Formas, the Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development",2010-2023,No,2020,Years,,Fisheries,,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"The gender implications of Direct Marketing (DM) participation also deserve further scrutiny. Schlosberg and Craven found that women were more active in sustainable materialist movements than men, a result they link to gendered practices of caring. Does gender affect the choice to buy fish directly from the fisher, and if so, how and to what extent? How gender is implicated in operating a DM concern also merits further attention. Gustavsson, studying coastal fisheries in the UK, found that direct seafood sales often occurs within families, with women performing the labour related to processing and marketing (2021). She argues that calls for fishers to “add value” to catches through such practices have gendered consequences. While we do not see strong evidence of a similar pattern in Sweden, gender's influence on DM should be studied further.",Not available to me,Yes,By directly marketing seafood from fishers to consumers ,No,"Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Although Swedish and EU authorities claim they want SSF to do direct sales, the assistance they provide is through limited, short-term projects. Rather than cash infusions, policymakers and officials should invest in developing long-term, local support if they want Direct Maraketing (DM) to promote SSF, environmental sustainability, and sustainable rural development.In the absence of concrete measures to institutionalise DM as an everyday mode of food provisioning – which necessarily affects the business-as-usual economy – proposing DM as a viable way forward for struggling SSF merely devolves responsibility for the sector's survival to individual fishers.",No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,"Swedish and EU authorities, scholars, and activists have articulated sustainability visions and goals related to direct sales of fish and seafood, small-scale fisheries, and coastal communities. ",Values,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,"This is an example of a change with transformative potential on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Low Impact Fisheries in Europe,https://lifeplatform.eu/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We are the united voice of the Low Impact Fishers of Europe.
","There is strength in unity, and the strength of LIFE is that it can unite its members to develop common solutions to common problems, calling on the generational skills, talent and experience of thousands of fishers to contribute to the sustainable development of the sector.",Europe,Europe,Europe,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Among countries,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,"The LIFE platform was established as a single, strong and inclusive voice to represent the interests of small-scale low impact fishermen and women across Europe in the spirit of the Common Declaration signed at the 2012 European Artisanal Fishermen’s Congress. Its mission is to achieve conditions in which fishing is performed in a sustainable manner and small-scale low impact fishermen and women in Europe can maximise their social and economic viability. LIFE enables European small-scale low impact fishermen and women to develop and communicate collective positions and to influence the development and implementation of policies and legislation, including the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). ",Not available to me,Yes,"By providing strong and effective representation for committed small-scale fishers, and by giving a voice and support to their associations at local, regional and European level, LIFE is being part of the necessary systemic change. LIFE works at EU level, at regional sea-basin level (Baltic and North Sea, North and South Atlantic and Mediterranean and Black Sea), and at the water-face by supporting our members on the ground.  LIFE engages directly with EU institutions, regional fisheries management bodies (GFCM, ICCAT), Regional Advisory Committees and national governments.
",No,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,,No,"Incentives and capacity building, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes," LIFE members are organisations that have pledged to support LIFE’s mission and the Common Declaration. LIFE represents fishermen and women that use low impact gear in terms of selectivity and impact on marine habitats. They work on their own vessels and are committed to ensuring the sustainability of their activities by respecting the rules or, where such rules are absent or insufficient, by applying self-imposed measures to protect the fisheries resources and the environment. They maintain a strong social, cultural and economic link with their communities. Fishers engaging in destructive fishing methods that exert a harmful impact on the environment, are non-selective or catch undersized fish will not be represented by LIFE These methods will be decided on a Member State basis.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination, States",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Growing green money? Mapping community currencies for sustainable development,"Seyfang, G., & Longhurst, N. (2013). Growing green money? Mapping community currencies for sustainable development. Ecological Economics, 86, 65–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.11.003","Yes, and the vision is explicit",To develop a new currency system within the current monetary system,"The need for more socially, economically and environmentally sustainable systems of finance and exchange has never been more evident than it is at present- this study is an example of how it can be done by changing the way 'money' is prcieved.",Global,Global,Global,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,"The Leverhulme Trust: Harnessing Grassroots Innovations: Comple- mentary Currencies and Sustainability, project ref F/00 204/AM",1970-1980,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,The world economy,Other,Global,Over a million,Between 10 to 100,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It dissects how people trade with currencies and how that practice could be tweeked or changed,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It evaluates the current economic system ,No,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No information available to me,,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,No,"This is a transformative example with high transformative potential on technology, agriculture and value chains.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Challenges for the degrowth transition: The debate about wellbeing,"Büchs, M., & Koch, M. (2019). Challenges for the degrowth transition: The debate about wellbeing. Futures, 105, 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2018.09.002","Yes, and the vision is explicit",To improve the political feasibility of degrowth it is important to better understand these structural obstacles and develop arguments and strategies to address them. ,Because to improve the political feasibility of degrowth it is important to better understand these structural obstacles and develop arguments and strategies to address them,Global,Global,Global,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,FORMAS (Swedish Research Council FORMAS) project The New Urban Challenge? Models of Sustainable Welfare in Swedish Metropolitan Cities (grant no. 2016-00340),2010-2023,No,n.a,Years,,Other,The world economy,Other,Global,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,The whole study relies on the practice of degrowth,No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It evaluates the current economic system ,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"It explores how and if, people are willing to tap into thesystem of degrowth ","Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Societal Transformations and Governance Challenges of Coastal Small-Scale Fisheries in the Northern Baltic Sea.,"Salmi, P., Arias-Schreiber, M., Svels, K. (2023). Societal Transformations and Governance Challenges of Coastal Small-Scale Fisheries in the Northern Baltic Sea. In: Partelow, S., Hadjimichael, M., Hornidge, AK. (eds) Ocean Governance. MARE Publication Series, vol 25. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20740-2_13","Yes, and the vision is explicit",Transformations in Small-Scale Fisheries in the Northern Baltic Sea,It shows how transformative change has been present in history and how it's now being threatened or maginalized by a global governance.,Europe,"Sweden, Finland","Swedish east coast, Finnish south west coast",Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,"Germany Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS)			",Before 1900,Yes,ongoing,Centuries,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,More than 1000,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,"Since this is an example of change that has happened over time and in both directions, the effect will be positive as well as negative.",No change,I don´t know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,"Since this is an example of change that has happened over time and in both directions, the effect will be positive as well as negative.",No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It uses interactive governance theory to compare experiences on Finnish and Swedish small-scale fisheries governance in relation to societal change.,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It uses interactive governance theory to compare experiences on Finnish and Swedish small-scale fisheries governance in relation to societal change.,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Ecoxarxe's social currencies: A network of alternative exchanges with a shared vision,"Balaguer Rasillo, X. Alternative economies, digital innovation and commoning in grassroots organisations: Analysing degrowth currencies in the Spanish region of Catalonia. Env Pol Gov. 2021; 31: 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1910","Yes, and the vision is explicit",Developing forms of social currency and social debt,It focuses on the CIC (Catalan Integral Cooperative) which is a social currency incentiving social transformative change,Europe,Spain,Catalonia,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,Other,Crowdfunding,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Other,All economic sectors,Other,Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It dissects how people trade with currencies and how that practice could be tweeked or changed,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It evaluates the current economic system ,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No information available to me,,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Degrowth and the Blue Belt: Rethinking marine conservation in the British Overseas Territories,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105290,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Blue Belt can be used as opportunities to reconcile the UK's colonial relationships with the territories, to build local capacity, and resilience.",It calls on the theoretical framework of degrowth to provide a conservation framework for ensuring a just transition from neoliberal forms of governance that places local well-being and welfare needs,Europe,"United Kingdom, Brittish Overseas Terretories",United Kingdom,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,Funded by the Northumbria university ,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Other",Tourism,Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans,Country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,No information available to me,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",No information available to me,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",No information available to me,,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,No,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Swimming upstream: community economies for a different coastal rural development in Sweden,https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00770-0,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",The initiative aims at a more equitable system for limiting the access to fishing resources—and a reduction in fisheries landings that will simultaneously foster the wellbeing of coastal communities and respect for the marine environment.,It gives an example to how community economics might transform a local community from a struggling one to a sustainable one.,Europe,Sweden,Swedish baltic sea,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,Open access funding was provided by the University of Gothenburg. Funded by the FORMAS project “Att fiska efter lösningar: samhällsekonomi och hållbar kustutveckling i Sverige” (FORMAS grant number 2018-0025).,2010-2023,No,2019,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It dissects how people trade with currencies and how that practice could be tweeked or changed,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It evaluates the current economic system ,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No,,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change in the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Thorupstrand Kystfiskerlaug- Danish Cooperative,https://www.thorupstrandfisk.dk/fiskersamfundet/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit", Our hope is that more people gain more knowledge about how different types of fishing affect the marine environment and how we can ensure sustainable fishing for future generations.,"Collective action against privatized fishing quotas, allowing for small scale fishers to still operate sustainably in Danish waters. They also link producers and consumers, strengthening the position of locally fished seafood and enhancing the relationship of trust between fishers and local population.",Europe,Denmark,Thorupstrand,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Other,"Collective action against privatized fishing quotas, allowing for small scale fishers to still operate sustainably in Danish waters. They also link producers and consumers, strengthening the position of locally fished seafood and enhancing the relationship of trust between fishers and local population.",2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It focuses on community strength and local engagement for sustainable practices within fisheries,no,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It critizises the CFP and the ITQ-system ,no,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No,,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,‘Re-grabbing’ marine resources: a blue degrowth agenda for the resurgence of small-scale fisheries in Malta,https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00769-7,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We illustrate how neoliberal policies, lauded and promoted as part of a national blue growth strategy, are suffocating and marginalising small-scale fishing communities by concentrating fishing opportunities into fewer, larger corporate hands, and by a hegemonic anti-small scale fishing narrative that seeks to replace traditional fishing with the ‘darlings of the new blue economy’, aquaculture and coastal tourism.","It states that degrowth points to a direct shift away from the forces of privatisation and accumulation by capitalisation, through innovative ways of fisheries management that could sustain local economies.",Europe,Malta,Malta,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,No,2019,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,It focuses on community strength and local engagement for sustainable practices within fisheries,no,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",No information available to me,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No information available to me,,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,"First Nations sovereignty, Environmental Justice, and Degrowth in Northwest BC, Canada",https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.04.017,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","This paper presents an overview of Northwest Coast and Interior First Nations peoples anti-colonial struggles in British Columbia, Canada and demonstrates how First Nations struggles in BC for environmental defense, sovereignty, and traditional culture and governance deeply interweave shared objectives with both Environmental Justice and Degrowth.","This is an example where the transformative change has gone in both ways, first towards upscaling of the economy and marginalisation of the local population and then in the oposite direction. ",America,Canada,British Columbia,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,Promoter,,,,Research grant,The original research was supported by a National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant.,Opción 9,No,2019,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Other",Hunting,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,More than 1000,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It connects with indigenous practices,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It deals with structural discrimination,no,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,It taps into how indigenous practices are viewed and valued,"Trade, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism)",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from Indigenous peoples","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Sea Change,https://www.gu.se/en/research/sea-change,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",The aim is to contribute to an ‘ecosystem-based approach’ relationship between EU citizens and the sea.,The aim is to contribute to an ‘ecosystem-based approach’ relationship between EU citizens and the sea,Europe,Sweden,Sweden,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Research grant,Project funded by the European Commission within the Horizon 2020 Programme (2014-2020),Opción 9,No,2019,Decades,,"Fisheries, Other",all economic sectors,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,,,No information available to me,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",No information available to me,,,Pre-emptive action,Yes,The initiative investigates how the way people view the ocean can change with the use of AI,Human capital,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,no,"""This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
""","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The ecological significance of the overview effect_ Environmental attitudes and behaviours in astronauts,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101454,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",this study applied interpretive phenomenological analysis and utilized the Environmental Attitudes Inventory measures to qualitatively demonstrate that the overview effect contains an unanticipated and distinguishable ecological significance that has the ability to markedly influence post-spaceflight environmental attitudes and behaviours.,Using experience based learning to increase environmental awareness,Europe,Hungary,Budapest,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,None,,Opción 9,Yes,2020,I don´t know,Minutes,Other,All economic sectors,Other,Global,Between 10 to 100,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,No,,,Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people,No,,,Pre-emptive action,Yes,The study evaluates how astronauts are affected in their way of viewing natural resources on earth ,None,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Fostering ocean empathy through future scenarios,10.1002/pan3.10253,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",We investigate whether future scenarios can promote greater empathy for the oceans.,Enhanced knowledge and change in behaviour and personal decision making,America,Canada,Vancouver,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,,Opción 9,No,2020,I don´t know,Minutes,Other,"Tourism, coasts","Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,The study explores how future scenarios might be an incentive to change current practices,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people",No,,,Pre-emptive action,Yes,"Future scenarios are all about views, how they are produced, kept and changed over time. ",Human capital,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,UltiMat,https://ultimatultuna.github.io/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",We are a forum that works for sustainable food consumption and production in different ways.,"On their webpage, they state that ""Together we order and distribute environmentally friendly food, without middlemen, from farmers in and close to Uppsala. We are also a forum for discussions and activities focusing on sustainable food."" ",Europe,Sweden,Uppsala,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Other,Cooperative membership,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"This initiative highly affects and influence consumer behaviour, changing their daily practice.",,Producing and consuming food sustainably,Yes,UltiMat is challenging the structures around food production and consumption. All the way from national and EU politics to the daily life of the consumer,,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,Acting collectively to change the system of food production and consumption and the relationship in between. ,Urbanization,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,no,"This is a transformative example with positive impacts on agriculture, food and human health ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Integrating degrowth and efficiency perspectives enables an emission-neutral food system by 2100,https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-022-00500-3,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We present first the intellectual origins of degrowth, to explain how such a paradigm understands the question of sustainability.","They show that a structural, qualitative food system transformation can achieve a steady-state food system economy that is net GHG-neutral by 2100 while improving nutritional outcomes. ",Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Research grant,,Opción 9,No,2020,Decades,,"Agriculture, Fisheries",All economic sectors,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,None,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,n.a,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,n.a,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,n.a,"Values, Structural transition, Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,No,"This is an example of a potential transformative change on the economy, food, health and climate change
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström; TCA technical support unit,sebastian.villasante@usc.es; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Universal basic income in Finland,https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/social-sector/our-insights/an-experiment-to-inform-universal-basic-income,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","An experiment to inform universal basic income
",This is an example of how a state can transform the way of prioritizing effort in order to gain transformation in the society as a whole. ,Europe,Finland,Finland,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Consultancy,Public sector,Governmental,2010-2023,No,2019,Years,,Other,Urban,Urban/Semi-urban,City,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It interfears with the way that a state supports it citizens ,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It interfears with the way that a state supports it citizens ,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,It challenges they way society views people in need of more financial support,"Values, Structural transition, Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change. However, the trial having now come to an end, the Finnish Prime Minister now saying the case is closed and Parties don't support the idea anymore: https://www.euractiv.com/section/economy-jobs/interview/finnish-finance-minister-case-closed-for-universal-basic-income/","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,From governing behaviour to transformative change: A typology of household energy initiatives in Switzerland,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301421519301910,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Based on a study of fifty initiatives aimed at reducing energy usage among Swiss households, the study uncover what representations of change and forms of engagement are put forward by these initiatives, and the related policy implications.",This study involves representations of change based on recognizing the social embeddedness of practices and socio-technical systems.,Europe,Switzerland,Switzerland,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,No,I do not know,Years,,Other,Urban,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,It explores new ways of efficient energy supply ,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",No,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",No,,"Urbanization, Global coordination",,"The state has a ""glass ceiling"" for how far it will support environmental protection measures, Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,no,"This is an example of a potential transformative change on the economy and energy 
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Buen Vivir: Today’s tomorrow,doi:10.1057/dev.2011.86,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Eduardo Gudynas looks at the main trends of the discourse around Buen Vivir in South America. He looks at the rich and multiple discourses around Buen Vivir, as a political platform for different visions of alternatives to developmen","The term 'Buen Vivir' describe alternatives to development focused on the good life in a broad sense, it promotes societal transformation rooted in local communities",America,"Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela",South America,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,No,2011,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"It explores how, through an ecology of practices and knowledges, transformation encompasses a series of interconnected dimensions.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,It explores the way ecological practice interfears with the structures of modern society ,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,The whole philosophy of buen vivir is grounded in the worldview of the community ,"Structural transition, Trade, Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change of Indigenous peoples.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Sweet Lantern,https://energylivinglab.com/departments/sweet-lantern/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Kosters Trädgårdar is a place for cultivation, a place to eat, a place to buy plants, freshly baked bread and a place to experience art and music. We work on a small scale, understandably and ecologically.
",Coordination is key in the participative governance as we follow the principles of self-managed organisations.,Europe,Switzerland,Switzerland,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,Yes,no,Years,,Agriculture,Tourism,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,Not fully available,,Producing and consuming food sustainably,Yes,Not fully available,,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,Not fully available,Urbanization,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,no,"This is a transformative example with positive impacts on agriculture, food and human health ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Kosters Trädgårdar (Koster Gardens),https://kosterstradgardar.se/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Kosters Trädgårdar is a place for cultivation, a place to eat, a place to buy plants, freshly baked bread and a place to experience art and music. We work on a small scale, understandably and ecologically.
",The way that they use the flow of tourists and other visitors to the remote islands on the Swedish west coast to influence peoples behaviour and decision making long after their visit. ,Europe,Sweden,Koster islands,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Research grant,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Services, Other",Tourism,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,Not fully available,,Producing and consuming food sustainably,Yes,Not fully available,,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,Not fully available,Urbanization,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,no,"This is a transformative example with positive impacts on agriculture, food and human health ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Ultuna Permakultur,https://www.ultunapermakultur.com/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Ultuna Permaculture works actively to develop and realize concepts that redefine what the city can be.,"By using a participatory approach characterised by holisitc management, they really transform the way that people engage in their local food system. ",Europe,Sweden,Uppsala,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Other,Crowfunding,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,"Between 100 to 1,000",None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,No full information,,Producing and consuming food sustainably,Yes,No full information,,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,No full information,Urbanization,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,no,"This is a transformative example with positive impacts on agriculture, food and human health ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,NORDGEN,https://www.nordgen.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Our mission is to preserve and promote sustainable use of the diversity of domestic animals, forests and plants that are important to Nordic agriculture.
","They make conservation plans for endangered native farm animal breeds and work for genetically strong and resilient forests. They also participate in countless projects related to genetic resources at both Nordic, European and international levels and bring together industry people in the Nordic countries.",Europe,"Finland, Norway and Sweden",All nordic countries,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Other",Aquaculture,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Among countries,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,No complete information to provide brief description,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management",Yes,No complete information to provide brief description,,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,No complete information to provide brief description,Local community coordination,,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans and agriculture
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Njord,https://www.njordnb.se/om-njord,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The purpose of the brand is to promote the association and it's members interests by promoting their products and services under the brand profile of Njord.

","It transforms the way people, producers and consumers, interact with and value the natural resources in the coastal areas of Sweden. Shaping a new and well informed consumer behaviour. ",Europe,Sweden,Bohuslän,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,Other,Crowfunding,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries",Tourism,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.), Other",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,,"No complete information to provide brief description
",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"No complete information to provide brief description
",,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"No complete information to provide brief description
",Local community coordination,,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans and agriculture
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Peaceful Heart Network ,https://peacefulheart.se/about-us,No,no,They're guided by the conviction that social and political stability depends on resolving trauma within as many people as possible in an affected community,Global,Global,Global,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Other,All,Other,Global,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,,,,,,,,None,,,,Pre-emptive action,,,Local community coordination,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,no,This is an example of a transformative potential on human health ,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Nordic seafarm,https://nordicseafarm.com/about/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",,Nordic SeaFarm is at forefront of democratizing seaweed by growing high value species at massive scale in the ocean.,Europe,Sweden,Bohuslän,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Research grant,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Other,Aquaculture,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,,,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",,,,Cross-sectoral cooperation,,,Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry,,"Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food and health  from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante/Embla Ekström,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Cultural ecosystem services provided by the Baltic Sea marine environment.,"Ahtiainen, H., Liski, E., Pouta, E., Soini, K., Bertram, C., Rehdanz, K., Pakalniete, K., & Meyerhof, J. (2019). Cultural ecosystem services provided by the Baltic Sea marine environment. Ambio, 48(11), 1350–1361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01239-1","Yes, and the vision is explicit","This paper applies the concept of cultural ecosystem services (CES) to reveal the diverse benefits the Baltic Sea provides to human well-being.The results emphasize the importance of considering recreation, landscapes and habitats in conservation policies, while acknowledging that all CES are perceived as important by some population groups.",Using the CES as a tool to strenghten the human-nature relationships might be one of the keys to transformative change.,Europe,"Germany, Finland and Latvia","Germany, Finland and Latvia",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Research grant,"Open access funding was provided by Natural Resources Institute Finland. The BONUS BALTICAPP (Art 185) was founded jointly by the EU, the academy of Finland and Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany.",2010-2023,Yes,2019,Years,,Fisheries,,"Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,No information available to me,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",No information available to me,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,No information available to me,,Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge),,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,no,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and climate change from the oceans.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Klamath River Renewal Project,https://klamathrenewal.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The project aims to remove four dams built by PacifiCorp between the early 1900s and 1960s, restore flooded lands, and implement measures to restore the health of the Klamath River and the communities that depend on it.","The Klamath River is connected to the health of the communities, businesses, and surrounding environment, sustaining livelihoods and cultural identities. The dams have transformed one of the West's most important watersheds: they provide power, albeit harming salmon populations and indigenous tribes that have lived off fishing for thousands of years. In addition to Native Americans, the Klamath Basin, which covers more than 9 million acres, is home to farmers, ranchers, loggers, miners, and fishermen. Its natural contributions are relevant to the agricultural industry, recreational activities, and national wildlife refuges. As conditions of the river deteriorated, citizens of the Klamath Basin took legal action to protect their families, communities, environment, and livelihoods. Restoring the Klamath Basin by removing the dams is critical for the future of one of the continent's largest rivers and the people who depend on it. This work is part of a larger movement to advocate for dam removal across the country and allow us to learn more about the impacts of infrastructure projects on the natural environment.",America,United States,From the volcanic Cascades of Southern Oregon to the Pacific Ocean in California,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Will start in the future,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Energy",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Deserts and xeric shrublands",Community,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"The project leads to conflicting opinions among environmentalists, academics, ranchers, and recreationists. The former point to the damage the dams have caused to the natural environment and the health of indigenous people, and the latter two see the project as a threat to their livelihoods. In the past, droughts have sparked controversy over whether the water should be used for irrigation, to support farmers and their families, or to protect endangered fish species. On that occasion, decisions at the government level favored farmers, leading to one of the largest fish kills in the region's history and fueling the anti-dam activist movement.",No information available to me.,No information available to me.,Yes,"Actions began with the transfer of dam licenses by PacifiCorp to the NGO in charge of the project. The next steps will be dismantling the hydroelectric facilities and the restoration of the river by the company Resource Environmental Solutions. The destruction of the first dam was completed this year, and the other three will follow in 2024 after carrying out a reduction of the reservoirs. Scientists will monitor the river once it is released.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"The project has the support of governments, tribal nations, irrigators, fishermen, and conservation groups. The company that placed the dams, PacifiCorp, agreed to remove them under terms that provide cost protection rather than investing in improvements to comply with federal regulations. This decision has also been confirmed by public commissions of California and Oregon.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The initiative works under a common mission in which the stakeholders of the Basin collaborate to revitalize it by seeking practical solutions, hoping that greater numbers of fish will benefit all sectors: agriculture, tribes, tourism, recreation, conservation interests, recreational fishers, and commercial, the local economy and the ecosystem as a whole.","Values, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Green Revolution,"Gibbon, P. (2005). Human Development Report 2005, The commodity question: new thinking on old problems. Human Development Report Office (HDRO), United Nations Development Programme https://hdr. undp.org/system/files/documents/hdr2005gibbonpeter13pdf.pdf;Farina, E. M. M. Q., Gutman, G. E., Lavarello, P. J., Nunes, R., & Reardon, T. (2005). Private and public milk standards in Argentina and Brazil. Food Policy, 30(3), 302–315;De Schutter, O. (2017). The political economy of food systems reform. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 44(4), 705–731;Alston, J. M., & Pardey, P. G. (2014). Agriculture in the Global Economy. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 28(1), 121–146;T. M. Lenton, D.I. Armstrong McKay, S. Loriani, J.F. Abrams, S.J. Lade, J.F. Donges, M. Milkoreit, T. Powell, S.R. Smith, C. Zimm, J.E. Buxton, E. Bailey, L. Laybourn, A. Ghadiali, J.G. Dyke (eds), 2023, The Global Tipping Points Report 2023. University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.",No,n/a,"The ‘Green Revolution’ describes initiatives launched in 1965-1966 that aimed to enhance agricultural production and ensure food security in the face of a growing world population. These included the introduction and widespread adoption of new agricultural technologies and practices such as high-yield crop varieties, synthetic fertilisers and pesticides, the expansion of irrigated land, and mechanisation. The Green Revolution also had a strong
political dimension. Governments made boosting agricultural production a priority and coupled public policies supporting farmers with technology development to address hunger and malnutrition with great success. Yields grew substantially in the subsequent
decades, resulting in nonlinear increases in agricultural productivity.
In the 50 years since the beginning of the Green Revolution, the global population doubled from 3.5 billion to 7 billion people, while cultivated land expanded by a mere 12 per cent.The Green Revolution stands as an example of a tipping point in the transformation of the food system. It revolutionised agricultural practices, boosted productivity and alleviated hunger and poverty on a global scale. However, it also demonstrates how tipping points can lead to suboptimal ‘shallower’ and unintended consequences that are not compatible with safe and just Earth system boundaries.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,Promoter,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",,,,Public sector,,1960-1970,Yes,n/a,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Global,Over a million,Over a million,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large  positive effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,,Large negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I dont know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,"Substantial subsidies directed towards major grain producers have resulted in the availability of large quantities of low-cost feed inputs for meat production. Increasing use of new technologies and fertilisers also led to growing demand for capital and ultimately created more market concentration. Large retailers had an increasing preference for
sourcing from prominent wholesalers and processing firms, resulting in ‘mutually reinforcing dual consolidation’. These self-reinforcing feedback mechanisms contributed to the concentration of power and resources within food production and
distribution chains as global supply chains expanded. In turn, larger market players could exercise increasing political influence, shaping the way agricultural subsidies were tailored to specific types of producers, products and production methods.","The Green Revolution  comprised a set of initiatives launched in 1965-1966 with the aim of enhancing agricultural production and ensuring food security in the face of a growing world
population. This concerted effort demonstrated remarkable success in reducing malnutrition and hunger, though it also led to inequalities and unintended consequences that remain important today.While the Green Revolution brought about nonlinear increases in productivity, it also raised concerns about its sustainability. Since 1990, the rate of agricultural productivity growth has notably slowed, suggesting the possibility of reaching a plateau in productivity in high- and middle-income countries. Widespread use of synthetic inputs and the focus on monoculture farming has led to environmental degradation, soil erosion, loss of biodiversity and increased vulnerability to pests and diseases.
Increasingly subsidised food production, which did not internalise external costs, also led to increased food waste and loss and allowed widespread adoption of diets that are inconsistent with human and planetary health. ","Increasing use of new technologies and fertilisers also led to growing demand for capital and ultimately created more market concentration. Large retailers had an increasing preference for sourcing from prominent wholesalers and processing firms, resulting in ""mutually reinforcing dual consolidation"". These self-reinforcing feedback mechanisms contributed to the concentration of power and resources within food production and distribution chains as global supply chains expanded. In turn, larger market players could exercise increasing political influence, shaping the way agricultural subsidies were tailored to specific types of producers, products, and production methods. 
",Yes,"The Green Revolution had broad implications for the food system. It sparked a transformation in farming practices, from traditional subsistence farming to intensive, industrialised agriculture, dominated by economies of scale. This was accompanied by
changes in land use patterns, water management strategies and consolidation of agricultural supply chains. The Green Revolution served as a catalyst for innovation in agricultural research and development, and led to the establishment of dedicated
institutions and funding mechanisms for research and innovation.",,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"The Green Revolution served as a catalyst for innovation in agricultural research
and development, and led to the establishment of dedicated
institutions and funding mechanisms for research and innovation.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The Green Revolution had broad implications for the food system. It sparked a transformation in farming practices, from traditional subsistence farming to intensive, industrialised agriculture, dominated by economies of scale.","Changes in primary sector, Structural transition, population size",,"Financial insecurity, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food and agriculture systems. It revolutionised agricultural practices, boosted productivity and alleviated hunger and poverty
on a global scale. However, it also demonstrates how changes can lead to unintended consequences that are not compatible with safe and just Earth system boundaries.
",I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Community Conservation Banks (COCOBA).,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llKmvY8tOyg; https://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/server/api/core/bitstreams/442dfe59-e8d4-476c-a204-e6ad7665a249/content#page=1.13; https://fzs.org/en/projects/tanzania/serengeti-ecosystem/community-conservation-banks/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The goal is to collaborate with Tanzanian communities to overcome economic and social challenges.  We do this through a working partnership that directs resources toward sustainable projects in the areas of Education, Health, Water and Women's Empowerment.

","COCOBA, or Community Conservation Banking, is a microfinance initiative started in 2009 designed to teach Maasai women to open small, environmentally-friendly businesses. The initial training will help the women learn to create a COCOBA saving and lending group and how to run it, ensuring the sustainability of the groups. From there, a third of the women will have beadwork training, a third will learn bee-keeping, and a third will learn leather tanning.A well-funded and supported program by the Frankfurt Zoological Society, developed and run in collaboration with Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA) and the Tanzanian Government. Providing adequate and needed support to the communities living in proximity to the protected areas can deliver both conservation and community livelihood outcomes, by
reducing the communities’ livestock and crop loss to wildlife, providing alternative local
sources of income while conserving wildlife.",Africa,Tanzania,Tanzania,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health, Other",Education,"Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,"Yes, the example explicitly promotes the support to women in rural communities",No,Yes,"
",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Other",Yes,"Community groups (15 persons per group) were established after sensitization and registered in the District Social Development Department. The COCOBA members are then trained on financial matters, such as financial management books, payment vouchers, cash box, and a shares book, shares ledger and social fund ledger. Meetings are typically held once per week to contribute member’s shares and social fund and receive conservation education especially on how to deal with problematic wild animals in their areas. The FZS provides loans for  individuals to undertake conservation-friendly projects such as beekeeping, but requires advanced interest for a business loan. Under the program, the members are not allowed to be involved in poaching, bush meat business, or environmentally destructive activities like charcoal burning. Currently, there are 124 groups with a grand total share of TZS 1.8 billion (approximately $ 782,000).",,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,By developing new ways of financial systems for rural communities,"Changes in primary sector, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and education focused on women in Africa
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,French strategy and law to reduce food loss and waste,"Melchior, G., & Garot, G. (2019). Evaluation de la loi n° 2016-138 du 11 février 2016 relative à la lutte contre le gaspillage alimentaire. Rapport d’information déposé en application de l’article 145-7 du Règlement par la commission des affaires économiques. Rapport n°2025. https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/15/rapports/cion- eco/l15b2025_rapport-information.pdfhttps://global-tipping-points.org/ (page 38, box 4.3.8)","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The main objective of the pact is to cut food waste by 50 per cent between 2013 and 2025, implying a five per cent reduction annually and was initially focused on retailers.","France’s strategy comprises private initiatives by large retailers (e.g. supermarket chain Carrefour, which has a 20%market share) and NGOs (e.g. Phenix), but also a national political pact to fight food waste. This strategy led to nonlinear reductions in food loss and waste, and feedback that can enable positive changes. Overall, France’s strategy achieved a rapid reduction in food waste and loss and garnered positive international feedback. For
instance, a food waste reduction of 18 per cent was measured at 20 agroindustrial test sites during nine months in 2018. In the distribution sector, a 7,000-ton increase in food donations between 2016 and 2018 was measured by the French Federation of Food Banks. Moreover, France served as a pioneer in this policy field and had a role model effect on Finland, Sweden, Peru and Malaysia, who all introduced similar policies (Melchior and Garot, 2019). ",Europe,France,France,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",State,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The main objective of the pact is to cut food waste by 50 per cent between 2013 and 2025, implying a five per cent reduction annually and was initially focused on retailers. Although they are only directly responsible for five per cent of food waste, retailers connect production and consumption and thus can have feedback effects in both directions. Retailers' central role in the supply chain can therefore be considered a strategic intervention to trigger nonlinear change in the area of food loss and waste
reduction",,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"When it was first introduced in 1998, the national law to fight food
waste only included tax incentives for supermarkets that donated
food (Corréard, 2023), but since 2016 it has become a regulatory
instrument, and supermarkets that fail to donate their food can be
penalised. This evolution of the pact was partially made possible
by the emergence of various private initiatives between 1998 and
2016, among others Too Good To Go (TGTG).",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"France’s strategy comprises private initiatives by large retailers
(e.g. supermarket chain Carrefour, which has a 20 per cent
market share) and NGOs (e.g. Phenix), but also a national political
pact to fight food waste. This strategy led to nonlinear reductions
in food loss and waste, and feedback that can enable positive
changes.","Changes in primary sector, Trade, Financial flows",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food and climate change
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The International Small Group and Tree Planting Programme (TIST),https://www.tist.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",The program harnesses the power of small groups who choose to unite for a common purpose and a better life. Farmers are valued as local experts who know first-hand the impact of deforestation and drought.   ,"TIST encourages Small Groups of subsistence farmers in countries such as Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, and India to reverse the devastating effects of deforestation, drought, and famine. Since 1999, TIST participants have been identifying local sustainable development goals that include tree planting and sustainable agriculture. TIST creates a communication and administrative structure that also addresses health (including HIV/AIDS), education, and nutrition. TIST expects to provide long-term revenue for the Small Group participants through the sale of greenhouse gas credits (GHG).",Global,"Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, and India","Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, and India",Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Foresty,,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"TIST encourages Small Groups of subsistence farmers in countries such as Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, and India to reverse the devastating effects of deforestation, drought, and famine. Since 1999, TIST participants have been identifying local sustainable development goals that include tree planting and sustainable agriculture. TIST creates a communication and administrative structure that also addresses health (including HIV/AIDS), education, and nutrition. TIST expects to provide long-term revenue for the Small Group participants through the sale of greenhouse gas credits (GHG).",,"Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"TIST’s organisational structure is inherently scalable, and designed
to facilitate sharing experience, information and training, both
vertically and horizontally. Coupled with a culture of learning by
doing, this means that best practices and innovations, including
for other regenerative farming practices, can be spread rapidly. Rotating leadership throughout the programme structure, with equal leadership for women
and men, facilitates social capital which further enhances the
programme outcomes, including ensuring economic
empowerment for participants (both male and female)which in turn enables
greater investment in farming, education and health.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"IST members have planted more than 23m trees and own the rights to
verified carbon credits generated by measuring their growth. Small
incentive payments are made until trees are large enough to qualify
for carbon credit verification, and these appear sufficient to offset
the opportunity cost of committing to tree planting. Once planted, trees provide multiple co-benefits to farmers  including fuelwood, animal fodder, fruit or nut crops, shade, and soil stabilisation. These benefits generate strong social-ecological reinforcing feedbacks,
providing motivation for trees to be maintained over many years.
The greening impact of TIST tree-planting is visible at landscape
scales, and can be seen to extend beyond individual tree-groves to
neighbouring land, potentially strengthening these feedbacks. Regular meetings, training and visits by extension officers to measure tree-growth ensure accountability and
transparency, and generate strong social feedbacks.","Values, Changes in primary sector",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,N/A,"This is an example of a transformative change on forestry, health and education focused on India and Africa
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Vegetable Ackerdemie,https://www.acker.co/gemueseackerdemie/Programminformationen,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Our vision is a society that values ​​nature and natural foods. This change begins today. Here. Now. At school.,"The VegetableAckerdemie is primarily an educational program for grades 3 to 6. Younger and older age groups also work with us, but the caveat is that we have currently developed our educational materials for the 3rd to 6th grade curricula. In the VegetableAckerdemie, children learn where the food on our plates comes from - on the school's own arable land, together with their teachers.

The children experience directly how a seed becomes a crunchy carrot. Together they take responsibility for their fields and understand the impact of their actions. In the field, they understand natural connections, look beyond their own horizons and actively explore their natural surroundings.  The non-linear spread of the GemüseAckerdemie, a non-profit organisation that focuses on establishing school gardens, fostering cooking skills, and dietary shifts in schools around Germany, Austria and Switzerland is an example
for creating such reinforcing feedbacks. This rapidly growing project diffuses social norms, sustainable food knowledge, gardening and cooking capacities among children, parents and cooks in the schools
and beyond.",Europe,"Germany, Austria and Switzerland ","Germany, Austria and Switzerland ",,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"With the teaching materials, one can easily integrate the vegetable farming campaign into the school year in accordance with the curriculum. On the learning platform everyone will find exciting exercises, detailed background knowledge and much more help.",,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"The sustainable program is designed to be developed in any interested school.The vegetable farming campaign also raises awareness among students of the effects of their own actions. The program changes how children and young people perceive the environment, plants and the weather.

",,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,"At Acker e. V. , the association behind the VegetableAckerdemie, we live a social and appreciative relationship. In everyday working life, they value sustainable means of transport and a balanced diet.","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a transformative change on food, health and education focused on children.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Dulce Gómez Carella,dsgomez@unrn.edu.ar,CA,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro,,Forest growth in Costa Rica,https://www.thecooldown.com/outdoors/costa-rica-deforestation-recovery/ ; https://earth.org/how-costa-rica-reversed-deforestation/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The reforestation initiative found motivation in the fight against the climate crisis and the promotion of ecotourism, one of the country's main sources of income, which thrives on the strong connection of the population to nature. It was based on establishing regulations and incentives for farmers to participate in the reforestation process.","In a very short period, the initiative has made it possible to reverse the loss of between half and a third of the country's total forest cover, restoring an ecosystem that is home to hundreds of thousands of plant and animal species. This success is the result of a combination of government programs, actions by the rural sector, and public mobilization, and represents an atypical example concerning the rest of the tropics, where deforestation rates continue to rise.",America,Costa Rica,Costa Rica’s various regions,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Government incentives for reforestation in the 1980s were successful, so there are many 30-40-year-old secondary forests, but also many commercial monoculture and timber forests. Recent government policies are hurting progress as those secondary forests are being cut down due to the development boom.
The country has a coordinated system of protected areas that helps private reserves plan and create corridors, but the environmental situation of rivers and chemical agriculture is complicated. Tourist activities such as snorkeling are still advertised even though reefs have been dead from chemical runoff for years.",Not that I am aware of,Not that I am aware of,Yes,"Incentives include an average of $64 per hectare per year for forest protection. Under the program, farmers are responsible for reforesting areas of their land. To date, 7 million trees have been planted.",,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"The government pushed for a ban on deforestation and introduced a Payments for Environmental Services program, which pays farmers to adopt environmentally friendly practices. The government's plan, funded primarily by a tax on fossil fuels, has paid landowners $500 million over the past 20 years.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,"Costa Rica has a long-standing commitment to its environmental policies, which, combined with the promotion of behaviors that respect the environment and human rights and the climb of tourism, have allowed the success of this change.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Yuki Yoshida,yoshida.yuki@nies.go.jp,LA,Transformative Change,"National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan",0000-0003-3787-6092, Sado Island Agriculture in Harmony with Endangered Japanese Crested Ibis,https://www.fao.org/agroecology/database/detail/en/c/1039622/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Harmonious co-existence of humans (and their rice production) and birds.,"The bird was practically extinct, due to perceptions of it as a pest for trampling on rice paddies, as well as being hunted for its meat and feather. The transformative change was of embracing the bird, saving it from extinction (first in captivity, and then by preparing habitat by aligning agricultural practices e.g. reducing chemicals that were killing the life in paddies ibis birds fed on, putting aside fallow land as feeding ground); putting in place policies e.g. subsidies and rice branding to support and highlight co-existence of the farmers and birds, and shifting the views of the communities (incl. through education and knowedge co-production, having children count the number of species in the rice paddies) so that they were adored and became a source of pride.",Asia,Japan,Niigata,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,-,Years,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Slight negative effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,,"Not all farmers changed their practices with the initiative, so this may have caused tentions and/or left them behind. I have no documented or personal evidencebase of this.",Not that I know of.,Not that I know of. ,Yes,Primarily: agroecological practices.,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,Primarily: government-led branding and certification (of practices and products); introduction of biodiversity education. Later: certification as FAO Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS),,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,Education; instilling pride in harmonious co-existence with the Ibis bird: altering of how people view and relate to the bird.,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Trade",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns","Lock-in of conventional, harmful agricultural practices",,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sevil Acar,sevil.acar@bogazici.edu.tr,LA,Transformative Change,Bogazici University,0000-0001-5535-8673,Biodiversity and forest restoration in Costa Rica,https://www.earthrestorationservice.org/forest-restoration-costa-rica,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The country reversed its forest loss, created a system of protected areas, developed environmental laws and generated economic revenues from ecotourism.","The country reversed its forest loss, created a system of protected areas, developed environmental laws and generated economic revenues from ecotourism.",America,Costa Rica,Country level,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Foresty,,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Country,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests,,,,I don´t know,,,I don´t know,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sevil Acar,sevil.acar@bogazici.edu.tr,LA,Transformative Change,Bogazici University,0000-0001-5535-8673,Rights of Rivers in New Zealand,https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/geoj.12238,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","""A landmark political decision recognising the legal personhood of a river provides insights into how legal pluralism may evolve and how relationships with non-human nature may be recognised into the future. The decision in respect of the Whanganui River in Aotearoa/New Zealand, although not a legal precedent, has resulted in a new and vital Māori/Pākehā legal arrangement, which, in addressing the injustices of the country's colonial history, may also address environmental challenges such as resource exploitation"" (Charpleix, 2017)","The recognition of the legal personhood of the Whanganui River by the dominant legal system and the creation of the Waitangi Tribunal (New Zealand Legislation, 2014).",Oceania,New Zealand,Whanganui River,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,It continues,I don´t know,,Water,,Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater,Regional within country,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,,,,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,,,Changes in primary sector,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sevil Acar,sevil.acar@boun.edu.tr,LA,Transformative Change,Bogazici University,0000-0001-5535-8673,Women’s cooperatives of argan oil production in Morocco, https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2018.1542596,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Empowerment of women. Community-based business involving women's cooperatives. 

Actors: local non-profit organisations, international organizations, government.

","Key areas of impact are gender equity, income distribution, biodiversity, and culture conservation; that's why it is transformative.",Africa,Morocco,e Atlas Mountains,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Other,"""the National Initiative for Human Development (INDH)—a ‘reign-long’ partnership between the state, international investors, and Moroccan non-profit organisations""",2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,I don´t know,,"Foresty, Industry",,"Deserts and xeric shrublands, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",,,,"International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",,,I don´t know,,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Concentration of wealth",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Claudia Mónica Campos/Sevil Acar,claudia.monica.campos@gmail.com/sevil.acar@boun.edu.tr,LA,Transformative Change,"Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas/Bogazici University	",0000-0002-4978-5449/0000-0001-5535-8673,Fridays for Future,"Wallis, H, and Loy, L. S. 2021. What drives pro-environmental activism of young people? A survey study on the Fridays For Future movement. Journal of Environmental Psychology 74: 101581; Soßdorf, A. and Burgi, V.  2022. “Listen to the science!”—The role of scientific knowledge for the Fridays for Future movement. Frontiers in Communication. DOI 10.3389/fcomm.2022.983929;  Svensson, A. and Wahlström, M. (2023) Climate change or what? Prognostic framing by Fridays for Future protesters, Social Movement Studies 22:1, 1-22. DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2021.1988913;  Fritz, L., Hansmann, R., Dalimier, B. and Binder, C. R. 2023. Perceived impacts of the Fridays for Future climate movement on environmental concern and behaviour in Switzerland. Sustainability Science 18:2219–2244 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01348-7; https://fridaysforfuture.org/","Yes, and the vision is explicit","Fridays For Future is a youth-led and -organised movement that began in August 2018, after 15-year-old Greta Thunberg and other young activists sat in front of the Swedish parliament every schoolday for three weeks, to protest against the lack of action on the climate crisis. They created the hashtag #FridaysForFuture, and encouraged other young people all over the world to join them. This marked the beginning of the global school strike for climate./Climate change is a major threat for intergenerational justice, as young people will experience stronger consequences of climate change in their future adult lives than older people are facing todayis. Their claim is to imple­ment the Paris agreement 2015, in which many countries set the goal to limit global warming to a maximum of 1.5 degrees. School students are the largest group of FFF protesters (14–19 years). In countries of the Global South, the FFF groups’ visions of the future are supported by scientific, ancestral and territorial knowledge. They also project an imagined alternative future that is based on the dreams and values of the communities that they represent.  ","The FFF movement received a lot of media attention, public awareness and support, and promoted stronger societal debates on sustainability. The movement emphasizes the need for urgent political action in regard to climate policies. The shift from viewing young people only as consumers towards paying attention to their role as active citizens could have unlocked a range of collective powerful drivers of pro-environmental actions. People reported increased awareness and motivation; environmentally positive changes were most frequent in private sphere behaviours, particularly in the domains of mobility, consumption and waste, whereas few changes in public sphere behaviour were reported. /Their call for action sparked an international awakening, with students and activists uniting around the globe to protest outside their local parliaments and city halls. The goal of the movement is to put moral pressure on policymakers, to make them listen to the scientists, and then to take forceful action to limit global warming.	",Global,Global,All countries,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,," Agriculture, Energy, Industry	",,Other,Global,Over a million,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,"In Peru, there is a strong agency and aim of activists to create their own movement based on Peru’s social realities instead of using a ‘copy-paste’-model of the Global North. Activists employ a strong social justice frame through frame bridging and alliance-building with indigenous and other movements. The historical context of colonialism and unequal North-South relations plays an important role for their framing activities. Further research about FFF in Latin America and about transnational movements in general should take post- or decolonial perspectives as a starting point in order to overcome the Eurocentrism in academic studies and to highlight the diversity within transnational movements.",This example compromises sustainability goals. ,"Yes. For example, the energy transition hailed by the movement would involve the unsustainable exploitation of minerals, such as copper and lithium, in countries in Africa and South America.",Yes,"The movement demands top-down system development, highlighting the responsibility of government institutions for dealing with the climate crisis within the current system.",The real policy impact was only limited.,I don´t know,No information available to me,"The more radical civic system change frame, envisioning collective action by civil society to
achieve systemic change, is articulated by a smaller but vital faction of European climate
protesters.",,"Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,"The example engages with a global sustainability vision, ","Values, Structural transition, Global coordination, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Market interactions",,"Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"The movement should include other knowledge sustems besides scientific knowledge. Furthermore, it should consider the environmental consequences that the energy transition implies for countries where extractive mining is practiced.",It is ongoing and is unclear,,,
Maria Elena Zaccagnini,mzaccag@gmail.com,Review editor,Transformative Change,INTA (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria) Argentina,,Cuidadores de la Casa Común,https://cuidadoresdelacasacomun.org/sitio/    https://www.instagram.com/cuidadorescasacomun ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Se14PnASXgo   https://www.facebook.com/cuidadoresdelacasacomun/?locale=es_LA ; https://youtu.be/IWxMFlV19c0?si=_B_BiQx6PI1HZid_                    https://youtu.be/qF5PxFPexNs?si=QBUwoJ6v_IpAYPcz                 https://youtu.be/HF_6SsZaLEI?si=xUU7YQDrfCdbJLid               https://youtu.be/xebwm2Ohdz0?si=e5CR0alEr1G94TnR               https://youtu.be/x9e3-aQTS9U?si=sAdJsqnV3SjbIM5z               https://youtu.be/Go-F9jMaxes?si=CWC0AitSA3gI-fvR     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Se14PnASXgo    https://youtu.be/C0oJk2wLmQs?si=-xaJ9NDWJlyDVpy0      https://youtu.be/_7YGtWK03DY     https://www.unoentrerios.com.ar/mas-200-cuidadores-la-casa-comun-se-reunieron-parana-n2733113.html    https://aica.org/noticia-el-proyecto-cuidadores-de-la-casa-comn-presente-en-ciudad    https://vientosur.unla.edu.ar/index.php/cuidadores-y-cuidadoras-de-la-casa-comun/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","CCC generate new conditions of integration for young people in low-income neighborhoods through training and the generation of decent work opportunities in activities linked to the care of the Common Home, inspired in the Encyclic Laudato Si.","There are numerous concrete and real experiences that changed the quality of life of many young people and their view of their relationship with nature and way of making a living through careful life style. Likewise, in some cases it has generated incidences in the implementation of public policies. The scope of the project involves 20 Provinces, >110 ground communities and 4000 young people.",America,Argentina,Argentina whole Country,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,"Drugs dealers, informal illegal organizations",Other,"there are a combination of funding sources, depending the region, could be both public and private, but also and primarily third sector.  ",2010-2023,Yes,it is not finished,Years,"There is a great diversity of projects, some with immediate potential impacts and others that can take years, or even decades, however, ""years"" perhaps represents the majority of the projects composing the CCC program.","Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Other","Environmental sustainability, residues management,  recycling textile and plastic residues, community tourism, among others ","Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",Country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,"all points include variability between slightly and large positive effects, due to the diversity of enables conditions in the wide array or projects composing CCC",Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,"as in point 13a, the diversity of projects composing CCC, the score of slight or large could oscillate in some economic criteria. ",Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,There were no evidences that showed contrasting results between losses or gains among people and nature. ,"yes, as projects move forward, new challenges emerge that amplify equity and sustainability goals.","yes, no doubt. Because this project is based on the premise of listening the voice of the silenced and marginalized, it obviously shows the gap between the official discourse and reality, and this projects try to reduce as much as possible. ",Yes,"The movement's motto is ""work + spirituality = revolution."" To this end, it organizes its actions into various lines of work, which allow this objective to be progressively achieved. These axes include comprehensive education, community strengthening, and the promotion of encounters between people and their territories from a perspective of care.    Throughout the experience, various lines of work have been developed, namely: Earth Care (afforestation, reforestation, Agroecology, organic food production, compost production, maintenance and creation of green spaces), Water Care (water bioremediation, riverbank cleaning), Recycling (recycling of glass, textiles, plastic, paper, cans and polluting elements), Sustainable Construction (ecological production of self-sustainable houses and construction works), Sustainable Construction (ecological production of self-sustainable houses and construction works). Community Tourism, Healthy Eating, Environmental Promotion.  In all of them, specific training practices linked to the work area and transversal training are implemented that underpins in the attitudinal, spiritual and procedural aspects, the values that sustain community coexistence, the harmonious relationship of people with each other, and with the environment and allow progress towards full social integration in access to rights.","Although there were no failed attempts, there were projects that were discontinued for various reasons, but despite that, there were incipient transformation processes in people","Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"The projects generate an impact on the public agenda, for example, the Community Tourism Law in the Province of Entre Ríos, or the presentation of the land access project in the Argentine National Congress between 2021-2023, The presentation of a national Project on bioconstruction, and the presentation of the bill on universal basic income. In addition, a strong interaction between people and 36 local governments was developed for those project of the Program that required sustainability through strengthen municipal linkage. .",non applicable,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The different projects that compose the CCC program have the common characteristic of awakening in communities/individuals the power and effectiveness of the work of the “discarded”, and of its possibilities of change based on the actions of care for the common home.","Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry, Concentrated production, Market interactions",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"Although the Common Home Caretakers Project has not been a failure, there are threatening factors that can jeopardize some actions, and they are: illegal drug trafficking businesses, policies of perverse incentives in the use of resources, reduction of inclusion policies for education and health, excessive deregulation of the market and the absence of the State in essential issues.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Xiao Sun,sunxiao@caas.cn,CA,Transformative Change,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-6712,Digital Twins technology serves as a valuable tool for land and resource management and biodiversity conservation,https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-45725-x,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","
The vision of Digital Twins Technology in natural resource management, biodiversity conservation, agriculture, and related fields involves creating virtual representations of ecosystems, wildlife habitats, and agricultural processes. These digital twins enable real-time monitoring, analysis, and simulation, facilitating proactive decision-making and optimization strategies. In natural resource management, digital twins aid in sustainable land use planning, water resource management, and forest conservation. For biodiversity conservation, they assist in tracking wildlife populations, monitoring habitat changes, and predicting environmental impacts. In agriculture, digital twins optimize crop management, irrigation systems, and soil health, improving productivity and sustainability. Actors driving this vision include environmental agencies, conservation organizations, agricultural enterprises, technology companies, and research institutions. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and data-driven insights, Digital Twins Technology aims to enhance the resilience and efficiency of natural ecosystems, conserve biodiversity, and promote sustainable agriculture practices for a more sustainable planet.","Digital Twins Technology is revolutionary for agricultural monitoring, water resource management, and biodiversity conservation, etc. because it offers real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and simulation capabilities. By creating virtual replicas of ecosystems, agricultural processes, or water systems, it enables proactive decision-making and optimization strategies. Its transformative potential lies in enhancing the resilience, efficiency, and sustainability of natural ecosystems and agricultural systems amid environmental changes and biodiversity loss. Through data-driven approaches and interdisciplinary collaboration, Digital Twins Technology empowers stakeholders to effectively and timely understand and address environmental challenges, optimize resource allocation, and promote sustainable practices. ",Asia,China,Beijing,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,Promoter,,Opponent/resistant,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1970-1980,Yes,No,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Energy, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Regional within country,More than 1000,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,No,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,"The beneficiaries of Digital Twins Technology include industries like transportation and urban planning, benefiting from optimized processes and decision-making. Environmental and natural agencies and conservation organizations benefit from improved resource management and biodiversity conservation. Farmers benefit from optimized crop management and sustainable agricultural practices. However, the potential drawbacks may arise in terms of privacy concerns for individuals, particularly regarding data collection and monitoring. Additionally, traditional industries may face challenges in adapting to the digital transformation brought by the digital twins.","The application of Digital Twins Technology in agriculture and natural resource management may exacerbate social inequities by favoring large-scale, tech-savvy operations over smaller, traditional ones. Additionally, overreliance on digital solutions may marginalize rural communities with limited access to technology. ",There is no significant gap.,Yes,"Digital Twins Technology is applied in agriculture through real-time monitoring of crops, soil conditions, and weather, optimizing irrigation and fertilization, predicting crop yield, and enhancing pest management.",,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,Digital Twins Technology impacts laws or institutions by requiring updated regulations to address data privacy and security concerns. It necessitates institutional adaptations to integrate digital twins into decision-making processes across various sectors.,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",No information available to me,,"Population size, Migration, Urbanization",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Policy-related challenges, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Patrick Huntjens,patrick.huntjens@inholland.nl,LA,Transformative Change,Maastricht University & Inholland University of Applied Sciences,,"Transformation to a Sustainable, Healthy and Just Food System in the Netherlands ",https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202307.1539/v2,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Natural Social Contract: which is defined as the collective power of societies, people and nature for dealing with the polycrisis of the 21st century (including deepening inequalities and ecological crises) through collective agreements (at multiple governance levels) among members of a society to cooperate with one another and abide by certain rules or norms targeted at sustainability, equity and justice, with the associated rights and duties of care for the environment and the well-being of others (including future generations and all
life on this planet). This involves adopting a different worldview (eco-centric or Earth-centric instead of anthropocentric), a different view of humanity (homo ecologicus/florens instead of homo economicus), and different economies and cultures (regenerative/post-growth/wellbeing economies and cultures instead of linear ones). Natural Social Contracts are different in each country and context; but essentially, they comprise the web of relationships that bind together disparate citizens, communities, institutions and governments into a just and sustainable society. ","This case-study describes how the Transformation Flower Approach (as described in TCA Chapter 3 Cluster System Approaches) as a phase model is used along four phases of enacting transformative change towards a sustainable, healthy and just food system in the Netherlands. The case-study illustrates the multi-level governance challenge as well as the co-evolutionary nature of governance (forms of steering that are mindful about (multi-level and multi-dimensional) interaction effects between interventions or options for change, as well as interaction effects between transformative pathways (e.g. on climate, water, agriculture and biodiversity). This case-study provides an evidence-based, context-specific analysis of transformative change in the making and captures a (radical) transformation of a food system with the highest environmental footprint and biodiversity loss in the world. 
 To provide some context for this empirical illustration, critical reviews of the agri-food system (e.g. NewForesight and Commonland 2017; Godfray et al. 2010; SAPEA 2020, Huntjens, 2021, Aarts and Leeuwis, 2023) speak to the need for fundamental change, or a transformation, to a sustainable, healthy and just system. The current system is characterized by a dominant focus on production and efficiency, producing as much food per square meter as possible at the lowest possible cost for the producer, thereby compromising sustainability, justice and healthfulness. Moreover, value creation is limited to financial profit maximization and cost driven development (Huntjens, 2021). Technology (e.g. pesticides and artificial fertilizer) is used to make natural ‘production factors’ (i.e. water, soil, plants and animals) manageable in order to match a low cost price within an international competitive trade model.",Europe,The Netherlands,"Multi-level governance from global local, with focus on the Netherlands",Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Research grant,,Opción 9,Yes,ongoing,Decades,Potential transformative pathways are described for the period 2024-2040,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Finance",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Country,More than 1000,"Between 100 to 1,000",Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,,Unknown,Unknown,Yes,"Engagement with farming practices and agricultural cooperatives, governments and environmental NGOs and other stakeholders targeted at participatory analysis of leverage points, collaborative learning and co-creation of options for transformative change ",No,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably",Yes,"The Transformation Flower Approach is a Theory of Change for leveraging change towards multiple value creation and institutional change, and this approach includes six analytical dimensions, including formal institutional, informal institutional, social, economic, ecological and technological dimensions.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"This research takes a specific focus by examining the role of stakeholders’
values. The underlying theory of change is rooted in sociological and psychological
research, which has shown that specific values and broader value systems guide the
way in which people give meaning to phenomena and events and pre-structure
courses of action.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,This study provides an evidence-based and context-specific overview of potential transformative pathways in the Dutch food system,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Fisheries subsidies reform in China,https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2300688120#sec-2,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",n/a,"China is also the largest user of harmful fishing subsidies.By 1992, China had become the world’s largest fishing nation (24). But as the decade of the 1990s came to a close, broad signs of overexploitation began to emerge, prompting an abrupt about-face in fisheries management objectives (24, 25). In 2000, the CPC announced a “negative growth” strategy, essentially signaling an end to the decade of rapid growth and development. Today, China remains the world’s largest fish-producing nation, producing 15% of global catch (8) and prosecuted by the world’s largest domestic marine capture fleet . In 2016, China implemented a wide-ranging fuel subsidy reform as part of its 13th 5-y Plan. The reform reduced subsidies broadly, committed to a gradual reduction over the upcoming 5-y period, and targeted specific harmful gear by enhancing incentives to exit. Reducing harmful fuel subsidies and increasing beneficial vessel retirement subsidies had a significant impact on fleet capacity. ",Asia,China,China,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,No,Yes,Years,,Fisheries,,"Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Among countries,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,"Conservation gains from reduced fleet capacity could be eroded by increased capacity utilization and/or the transition to a fleet of newer, bigger, and more technically efficient vessels. ","The analysis demonstrates that China’s reform of its fuel subsidy program reduced fleet capacity. But such reforms are only a first step toward sustainable fisheries. The end goal of subsidy removal is surely to reduce fishing mortality in overharvested fisheries. But fleet capacity is only one of many factors determining fishing mortality, such as capacity utilization and the technical efficiency of vessels. If the desire is to rebuild fisheries and/or hold them at sustainable levels, managers must either control fishing mortality directly (e.g., through a total allowable catch and enforced individual quotas) or regulate capacity utilization.",The study suggests that the relationship between subsidies and sustainable fisheries is nuanced rather than simple and that the elimination of subsidies should be viewed within the institutional and regulatory context at hand rather than viewed as a panacea for fisheries sustainability challenges worldwide.,Yes,The removal of subsidies helped to reduced the number of fishing vessels in China,No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"In 2016, China implemented a nationwide reform to its fuel subsidy program, in part due to the new agenda for “Ecological Civilization” as well as intense international pressure to reform its fisheries subsidies out of overfishing concerns. Reforms to the fuel subsidy program were designed to address several issues that compromised capacity reduction and resource conservation objectives, including the following: i) Fuel subsidies propped up revenues of marginal fishermen, incentivizing them to remain in the fleet; ii) fuel subsidies became capitalized into power quota prices, inhibiting the effectiveness of the buyback program; and iii) fuel subsidies kept ecologically harmful gear types (e.g., trawlers) in the fishery, impeding rebuilding plans.",No,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,Yes,"By 2014, Chinese fisheries managers found themselves juggling multiple objectives in the face of a large domestic fleet, declines in abundance of major target species, and fluctuating fuel and fish prices. As the Communist Party of China promoted the “Ecological Civilization” objective for the 2016–2020 5-y Plan, Chinese fisheries policymakers were compelled to confront the fact that subsidizing fuel conflicted with other new ecological goals, particularly those focused on reducing the fleet size and harmful gear use in the East China Sea fleet.",Changes in primary sector,,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,"This is an example of a case with transformative potential of the fisheries sector in China
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP),"Cochran, L. & Tamiru, Y. 2016. Ethiopia’s productive safety net program: power, politics and practice. Journal of International Development, 28(5): 649–665; Pernechele, V., Fontes, F., Baborska, R., Nkuingoua, J., Pan, X. & Tuyishime, C. 2021. Public expenditure on food and agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: trends, challenges and priorities. Rome, FAO.  https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4492en",No,n/a,"While the PSNP is a social safety net scheme, it also encompasses agriculture and rural development. Through the Household Asset Building Program (HABP), PSNP beneficiaries are provided with employment so that they can attain sustainable food security and ‘graduate’ from the programme. These complementary interventions include microcredit for agricultural inputs, and technical support for productive investments in irrigation, terracing, and livestock fattening. The PSNP is implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and usually equals over half of the Ministry’s budget. Since its inception in 2005, with the objective of achieving sustainable food security for chronic and transitory food insecure households in rural Ethiopia, the PSNP has provided timely and predictable food and cash transfers to smooth consumption over the lean season, thereby preventing the distress sale of assets. A combination of food and cash is provided, often in return for labour on public works programmes. These are usually labour-intensive projects, such as road rehabilitation, soil conservation, and reforestation, which benefit the community in terms of improved soil fertility and land productivity, access to market infrastructure, drinking water and irrigation structures, education and health centres. The PSNP has been strongly supported by donors since its launch, and the government however is gradually increasing its contribution. It has demonstrated the benefits and long-term cost savings of a wide, predictable and sustained safety net scheme that enhances the population’s resilience to shocks, rather than relying on ad hoc humanitarian and emergency responses. In light of this success, social protection schemes in Ethiopia are being scaled up to include more beneficiaries with diverse needs. Since 2017, the PSNP started to include urban households among its beneficiaries. The programme’s budget also increased in 2015/16 in response to the worst drought in decades, which affected nearly 10 million Ethiopians. Ethiopia’s Safety Net program is the second largest in Africa (after South Africa) and is one of the largest safety net programs in the world. In 2015, more than seven million people had been supported by it, a figure that is expected to expand in the coming years, potentially reaching ten million people.",Africa,Ethiopia,Ethiopia,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,no,Years,,Agriculture,,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",State,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,"One of the core principles of the Safety Net is fair and transparent client selection. n all of the communities, current clients and graduates voiced concern regarding the lack of transparency and clarity about client selection and graduation. This concern is common throughout Ethiopia for both clients and community-based governmental workers, particularly why and how graduation occurs.Some interviewees expressed concern that the selection process, described in the Manual as ‘community-based targeting’, was unfair, and that in reality there was no community involvement, which the Manual outlines as the ‘participatory approach’.Cochran, L. & Tamiru, Y. 2016. Ethiopia’s productive safety net program: power, politics and practice. Journal of International Development, 28(5): 649–665.","Client selection is supposed to be determined as separate groups within the community, which independently draft lists of who ought to be Safety Net clients, are compiled, compared and discussed before developing the final list. Notices and lists are to be posted a week in advance of public meetings, for discussion of the content. In practice, however, none of these activities take place and there is no participation of community members at all. Instead, community leaders selected the clients, who informed the governmental staff who implemented the program. Cochran, L. & Tamiru, Y. 2016. Ethiopia’s productive safety net program: power, politics and practice. Journal of International Development, 28(5): 649–665.","A national evaluation of the Safety Net indicates that the experiences in these communities are common and that the appeals mechanisms are generally ineffective. A government-funded audit of the appeals mechanism in 2014 suggested that Appeals Committees exist but do not function well. The cited reasons include partial participation of members, limited capacity, no standardized appeal process or management system, lack of monitoring and follow-up, no fixed meetings, overlapping responsibilities of members, lack of record keeping, on the-spot solutions of appeals, lack of posting appeal results and “quota based PSNP clients graduation causing early graduation without accumulating required asset [sic]"". Cochran, L. & Tamiru, Y. 2016. Ethiopia’s productive safety net program: power, politics and practice. Journal of International Development, 28(5): 649–665. The PSNP faces consistent capacity issues in the form of long delays in delivering transfers, high staff turnovers, and low staff wages. The PSNP often struggles to deliver timely transfers, with the average transfer taking six to twelve weeks. Even when targeting is done well, the lack of timely implementation means the PSNP is failing on one of its core principles. https://reachalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/ReachProject-Ethiopia-Final.pdf",Yes,"The Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) was officially launched in February 2005.
The PSNP has been lauded as an “international flagship program both in its scope and in its part­nership approach” to respond to chronic food instability.",No,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Planning for the PSNP’s successful reach and implementation requires a comprehensive, but appropriately flexible Programme Implementation Manual (PIM), drafted by a team of government officials and development partners (i.e., donors, NGOs, academic/research partners). Coordination in the PSNP’s operation, led by the strong central government, taps into the community and institu­ tional knowledge at the kebele level to accurately reach the hardest to reach. Flexibility in targeting and transfer type (i.e., food, cash, or both) facili­ tates the PIM priority of guaranteeing timely and adequate transfers to the most food­insecure people. Multilevel appeals structures further en­ gage the targeted communities to ensure buy­in and confidence in the program. The program’s success is magnified through linkages with other government programs and has seen effective implementation in new, urban environments with the PSNP. https://reachalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/ReachProject-Ethiopia-Final.pdf",No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,,Changes in primary sector,,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example of a case with transformative potential of food and financial insecurity in Ethiopia.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The reallocation of Indonesia' gasoline and diesel subsidies,https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline?q=library/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline-and-diesel,No,n/a,"The reallocation of Indonesia’s fuel subsidies has been a major step forward in improving public expenditure. Most sources agree that redirecting funds to productive capacity represents an excellent investment in Indonesia’s citizens and economic development—and that the previous fuel subsidies were costly, unfair and bad for the environment.Although subsidy savings were reinvested in many areas of importance for Indonesia’s development, one area that appears to have been overlooked is the energy sector. The national plan for expanding power generation iscurrently heavily reliant on coal, despite its local and global
social and environmental costs.",Asia,Indonesia,Indonesia,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,No,2015,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",Education,I don´t know,State,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,"Experts felt that the government had spent too little time and effort on public
consultations about the policy change. Public knowledge—for example, about the new
fuel pricing system or development programs receiving additional funds—was thought
to be highly limited.https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline?q=library/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline-and-diesel","Despite over a decade of debate about Indonesia’s fossil fuel subsidies and robust evidence that the policies are objectively unfair—with the majority of benefits flowing to the rich instead of the poor—there is still a need to share information and promote discussion on the basic rationale for reform. Although subsidy savings were reinvested in many areas
of importance for Indonesia’s development, one area that appears to have been overlooked is the energy sector. The national plan for expanding power generation is currently heavily reliant on coal, despite its local and global social and environmental costs. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline?q=library/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline-and-diesel","Some experts  argued that no attempts were made to improve transparency or public participation in the sectors receiving additional funds. In particular, concerns were expressed about infrastructure investment across central, district and provincial governments, including the capacity of regional governments to use funds and to be accountable for delivering on responsibilities https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline?q=library/financing-development-fossil-fuel-subsidies-reallocation-indonesias-gasoline-and-diesel",Yes,"The reallocation of Indonesia’s fuel subsidies has been a major step forward in improving public expenditure. Most sources agree that redirecting funds to productive capacity represents an excellent investment in Indonesia’s citizens and economic development—and that the previous fuel subsidies were costly, unfair and bad for the environment.",n/a,Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems,Yes,"At the very end of December 2014, Indonesia introduced major reforms to its fossil fuel subsidies: removing subsidies to gasoline, except for distribution costs outside of the central islands of Java, Bali and Madura and introducing a “fixed” subsidy of IDR 1,000
per litre for diesel. At the same time, world oil prices plummeted. Together, these changes led to massive fiscal savings, equal to IDR 211 trillion (US$ 15.6 billion): over 10 per cent of state expenditure. ",,Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies,No information available to me,n/a,"Changes in primary sector, Financial flows",,"Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas.",,n/a,This is an example with transformative potential of subsidy reform,I remain neutral,,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,"The fisheries co-management in Lake Victoria, Kenya",https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lre.12095?saml_referrer;https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40152-020-00195-x,"Yes, and the vision is implicit", Not available,"The lake has experienced some of the most extreme ecological perturbations and negative impacts over the past century from a variety of interlinked anthropogenic activities, including population growth, intense fishing, increased land cultivation, introduction of exotic species, industrial pollution, eutrophication and, more recently, climate change.  Nile perch is by far the highest valued species in the lake’s fishery, supporting a multi- million dollar export industry that provides the three East African countries with about US $350 million in export earnings per year. Prior to the late 1990s, Lake Victoria fisheries management was conducted through centralized state-controlled fisheries authorities, with little or no provision for involving fisheries stakeholders in the fishery decision-making processIn Lake Victoria, agreement among the riparian governments (Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania), development partners (European Union and World Bank) and the regional Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization (LVFO) led to the production of government guidelines for the establishment and operations of the locally organized Beach Management Units (BMUs). Co-management in Lake Victoria was instigated and implemented from the highest tiers of government, influenced by donors and external partners over international food safety concerns of exported Nile perch. This drove a process that relied on existing formal institutional structures as provided by the Fisheries Act and associated regulations. The process appeared to have largely ignored the realities of the informal institutions of fishing. Although adoption of the lake fisheries co-management program was viewed as a good option for regulating the exploitation of the fishery, catch and effort continue to expand on Lake Victoria, leading to concerns about the ability of the co-management program to manage this valuable fishery in a sustainable manner. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40152-020-00195-x#Sec3 ; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lre.12095?saml_referrer",Africa,Kenya,Kenya,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2000-2010,Yes,no,Years,,Fisheries,,"Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",State,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,I don't know,," Before colonization, predating 1900, clan elders and local leaders (chiefs, sub-chiefs and village heads) controlled access to and use of fisheries by decree, determining when fishing could be done, where it was allowed and who could do it. The local leaders were very influential in fisheries management then. Following adoption of the co-management model in Lake Victoria, the local leaders seem to have lost this influence. From a review of co-management documents (BMU guidelines, regulations and the Fisheries Act), it was noted that local leaders have not been allocated any roles in co-management. Overall demand for fish during the pre-colonial period was limited by low density of the riparian population, and fishing gears comprising mainly inshore deployment of nets and baskets, although this could have localized impact on stocks. ","As currently constituted, the government still holds most decision-making powers that structure co-management, with fisheries management retaining the character of a traditional top–down approach. Fisher folk’s participation is largely a formalized action aimed at implementing externally crafted rules.  The creation of BMUs has not systematically ensured the success of co-management of Lake Victoria fisheries. BMUs are involved in activities that have high potential for social sustainability, but have been either unable or unwilling to undertake their core functions related to enforcement and compliance with fishing rules.","As currently constituted, the government still holds most decision-making powers that structure co-management, with fisheries management retaining the character of a traditional top–down approach. Fisher folk’s participation is largely a formalized action aimed at implementing externally crafted rules.  For the fisheries of Lake Victoria (Kenya), the introduction of co-management established Beach Management Units (BMUs) on a model of participatory decision-making. Unsurprisingly, given global experiences of institutions for resource users’ participation in co-management, the structures established across Lake Victoria (Kenya) have not resulted in effective participation of fisher folk. From the evidence, it can be concluded that institutions and the interactions between them are important for the social–ecological structure of that co-management. The formal and informal institutions interact in ways that are not complementary, undermining the ambitions of fisheries co-management. Informal rules shape fisheries practices at the beach level. For instance, corruption undermines enforcement of fisheries rules with outcomes that are socially and ecologically damaging https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40152-020-00195-x",Yes,"The BMU regulations were first presented to the Lake Victoria (Kenya) riparian fisheries officers and later to fisher folk representatives (BMU chairpersons and secretaries), local leaders, researchers and local and national NGOs at workshops organized by the government. Government organized training of extension staff, NGOs, faith-based organizations (FBOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) on co-management principles. The NGOs and FBOs have a history of working with fisher folk by providing training, credit and development of alternative income-generating activities.
From the findings, it was established that the historical administrative structures at the local level consisting of chiefs, sub-chiefs, and village heads played a key role in determining how fisher folk participated in the development of co-management local institutions. The local leaders were powerful and influential in fisheries management prior to co-management, and in most cases, they were obeyed without questioning. They determined who, when, where, and how fishing was done. The local administrative structures provided a link between the government and fisher folk during co-management development. However, during co-management implementation, the local administration seems to have lost fisheries management power. Instead, implementation of fisheries rules within co-management at the beach level is undertaken by the BMUs, while local leaders handle social disputes within their locations. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40152-020-00195-x#Sec3",,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"The changes in fisheries governance in Lake Victoria has been a major undertaking. In Kenya, this created 283 BMUs comprising over 40,000 crew and other stakeholders. The BMUs were designed to enable participation of fisher folk in management decisions through local democratic structures. The former fisheries institution mandated through the Fisheries Act of 1989 was managed by local fisheries officers, with powers of enforcement for breaches of fishery regulations. This has been replaced by the Fisheries Management and Development Act, 2016 that devolves fisheries compliance and enforcement to the BMUs. It is clear that the creation of the BMUs was a process driven by the riparian governments in consultation with, and possibly driven by, powerful external actors, also representing economic and consumer interests beyond the region. The new formal structures and implementing institutions were directly influenced by existing and historical government-led fisheries management. Ahttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40152-020-00195-x",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The influence of fisher folk in crafting fisheries management rules seems to have been minor. There was no evidence that the management rules included any degree of co-design with users of the resource, but a firm depiction of government as the higher authority and adjudicator of what was included in fisheries management rules. This influences the way the rules are viewed by fisher folk, although they are required to comply with fisheries regulations of the Fisheries Act. Nonetheless, fisher folk seemed to have a larger influence on whether fisheries rules would be implemented or not, and outcome of co-management. From observations at the four beaches studied, it was evident that although the government expected fisher folk to implement fisheries rules, observed practice in all four BMUs were contravening government fisheries rules, most clearly seen through the increased use of illegal fishing gears and methods.","Values, Changes in primary sector",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,This is an example with transformative potential with unintended consequences for food security and fisheries in Kenya,I remain neutral,,,
Xiao Sun,sunxiao@caas.cn,CA,Transformative Change,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-6712,Big data support environmental conservation and sustainability,https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15870-0,"Yes, and the vision is explicit, Yes, and the vision is implicit","Big data reveals new, stark pictures of the state of our environments. It also
reveals ‘bright spots’ amongst the broad pattern of decline and—crucially—the
key conditions for these cases. Big data analyses could benefit the planet if
tightly coupled with ongoing sustainability efforts.","Significant advances in data growth in the bio-geophysical sciences have
allowed scientists to discover, analyse and understand environmental changes at micro to global scales, and separate out what is human-driven. Big data also assumes a pivotal role in biodiversity conservation, natural resource utilization, and spatial planning by integrating extensive datasets encompassing species distribution, geographic and biophysical factors, socioeconomic indicators, and more. ",Global,"Australia, Canada, USA, and China",Tibetan Plateau,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,None,Both public and private sectors,None,1980-1990,Yes,No,Decades,No,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Energy",None,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Socio-cultural region,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,None,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"While big data promises efficiency and innovation, it often exacerbates social inequality by widening the digital divide and marginalizing vulnerable groups.","Big data technology may exacerbate social inequality, leading to the widening of the digital divide. Those lacking access to technology and digital skills may become marginalized, losing opportunities to participate in the digital economy, thereby deepening social divisions.",No,Yes,"
Big data enhances ecological conservation by enabling precise monitoring of environmental changes, predicting ecosystem dynamics, and optimizing resource management. Through data-driven insights, conservationists can identify areas at risk, track habitat loss, and mitigate human impacts on ecosystems. Moreover, big data facilitates collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders, fostering evidence-based decision-making and promoting sustainable practices. ","Overall, this is a successful transformation.","Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,Big data technology is vital to engage national- and international-level decision-makers in government and industry in the generation of global datasets to ensure they are able to be used by all to make effective decisions.,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"
The collection, analysis, and utilization of data may be influenced by different cultures and values, leading to value conflicts regarding privacy rights, individual freedoms, and public interests. Additionally, the application of big data may impact people's perceptions and attitudes towards societal and personal issues, subsequently affecting their beliefs and ideologies.","Migration, Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Policy-related challenges",,No,"Big data technology enables transformative change in ecological and biodiversity conservation through advanced data analytics, real-time monitoring, and predictive modeling. It enhances understanding of ecosystem dynamics, identifies habitat threats, and informs conservation strategies. Additionally, big data facilitates collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders, fostering evidence-based decision-making and promoting sustainable practices. ","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Xiao Sun,sunxiao@caas.cn,CA,Transformative Change,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-6712,Leveraging Machine Learning for Environmental Protection,https://dida.do/blog/machine-learning-for-environmental-protection,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","
Machine learning holds vast prospects in ecological conservation. For instance, analyzing satellite data enables monitoring of forest cover changes and ecosystem health. Image recognition technology facilitates automatic species identification and tracking of wildlife populations and migration patterns. Predictive models allow for the forecasting of natural disaster risks and biodiversity hotspots.","Machine learning can handle large-scale, complex ecological data, helping to identify and analyze key changes and trends in ecosystems, providing more accurate information support for conservation decisions. Using machine learning algorithms, real-time monitoring and prediction of the ecological environment can be achieved, enabling timely detection of issues and implementation of appropriate measures to enhance responsiveness to ecosystem needs.",Europe,Germany,Berlin,Opponent/resistant,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,None,Both public and private sectors,None,1980-1990,Yes,No,Months,"Generally speaking, research and technological developments in the field of machine learning are highly active, with new algorithms, models, and tools constantly emerging.","Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",None,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,None,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Overreliance on technology may overlook indigenous wisdom and encroach on natural habitats, harming biodiversity and local communities.","Reliance solely on technological solutions may neglect broader sustainability considerations, such as ecosystem resilience and community and residents' well-being, leading to potential long-term environmental harm. ",No,Yes,"
Machine learning, with its powerful data processing and analytical capabilities, offers various possibilities for innovation, behavior, and action practices in ecological conservation, driving conservation efforts towards more intelligent and effective directions.",None,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",No,None,None,"Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The development and deployment of machine learning algorithms can be influenced by ethical considerations and societal values, shaping the direction and impact of environmental protection initiatives. By integrating diverse perspectives and considerations into its processes, machine learning can contribute to transformative change in how we understand, manage, and conserve the environment.","Urbanization, Changes in primary sector, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",None,"Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",None,No,"
Facilitating interdisciplinary and cross-industry collaboration, attracting expertise and perspectives from diverse fields, to collectively advance the development and application of machine learning technology.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Zhou Yuchen,zhouyuchen@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,Beijing Normal University,,Qiandao Lake Watershed Water Resources and Ecological Environment Protection Project (Part of Shan-Shui Initiative),https://zrzyt.zj.gov.cn/art/2024/1/3/art_1289955_59025504.html https://www.decadeonrestoration.org/shan-shui-initiative,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Reducing pollutants into the lake, improving the water ecosystem, enhancing the stability of the water ecosystem, and improving the upstream and downstream coordinated management capacity of the basin are some of the goals to ensure the water quality and security of Qiandao Lake.","This project belongs to Shan-Shui Initiative, which dovetails with national land use plans, work at the landscape or watershed scale, include agricultural and urban areas as well as natural ecosystems, and seek to boost multiple local industries. All include goals for biodiversity.",Asia,China,Zhejiang,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,not finished (by 2030),Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight negative effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,Buildings in the ecologically sensitive sites were forced to dismantled (within 20 meters beyond the 108-meter elevation shoreline),,,Yes,"1. The amount of pollutants entering the lake has been reduced through the systematic process of ""reduction of the source, interception during the process, treatment in the end"". Example: The source: Management of non-point source pollution from agriculture sector, reduce the use of fertilizer and pesticide. Upgrade of sewage treatment facilities to reduce domestic waste. 2. Use of technology: Monitor the algae in water bodies and build ecological shores. 3. Imporve of livelihood: Using blockchain technology for the sale of ecologically protected agricultural products to enhance livelihoods. 4.Use blockchain technology for the sale of agricultural products after ecologically protectedto enhance livelihoods",,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,formation of a work group with departments from upstream areas during the project,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,,"Population size, Urbanization, Changes in primary sector",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Duan Xiaoyu,202221051165@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,Beijing Normal University Faculty of Geographical Science,,sponge city,https://www.ccdi.gov.cn/toutiaon/202206/t20220628_201852.html ; https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-04/29/content_5687999.htm ; https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2015-11/06/content_5005610.htm,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Sponge city is a new generation of urban stormwater management concept. It refers to the city can be like a sponge, in adapting to environmental changes and dealing with natural disasters caused by rain and other aspects of good flexibility, can also be called ' hydroelastic city '. The international general term is ' low impact development rainwater system construction '.When it rains, it absorbs water, stores water, seeps water, and purifies water. When needed, the stored water is released and utilized to realize the free migration of rainwater in the city. Starting from ecosystem services, it is the core of sponge city to build water ecological infrastructure through cross-scale construction and combine various specific technologies to build water ecological infrastructure.","As the innovation and development of rainwater utilization theory, sponge city is the enrichment and improvement of water control ideas in the new era. It can alleviate urban waterlogging from the source, reduce urban runoff pollution load, save water resources, protect and improve urban ecological environment. Under the new situation, sponge city is an innovative performance to promote the construction of green buildings, the development of low-carbon cities, and the formation of smart cities. It is an organic combination of modern green new technologies and social, environmental, human and other factors under the background of the new era.",Asia,China,Hangzhou,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,still ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Services, Industry, Other",building industry,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans",City,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,"The green space as a filter, the road above the wastewater containing heavy metals and various harmful substances, all left to the green space, the plant and biodiversity has a certain damage",no,no,Yes,"Shenzhen Guangming New Town Park is a huge ' sponge ' in the new district. In addition to the permeable pavement, there are many vegetation ditches. In the large park covering an area of 500,000 square meters, there is no drainage pipeline buried. Instead, it is replaced by a vegetation grass ditch built according to the mountain situation, which can collect rainwater and reuse it.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"The ' Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Sponge City ' is clear. Through the construction of sponge city, the impact of urban development and construction on the ecological environment is minimized, and 70 % of the rainfall is consumed and utilized locally. By 2020, more than 20 % of the urban built-up area will meet the target requirements ; by 2030, more than 80 % of the urban built-up area will meet the target requirements.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Green building construction, low carbon city development, smart city",Urbanization,,Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Zhou Yihan,202231051077@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,Beijing Normal University Faculty of Geographical Science,,Green Roofs,https://news.sohu.com/a/650797601_121124712,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Green roof refers to laying soil and plants on the surface of a house roof, rather than traditional wooden tiles or tiles. They not only add a unique appearance to the roof, but also provide a range of practical functions. For example, green roofs can emit heat during warm months, reducing indoor cooling costs; In cold seasons, they serve as additional insulation layers, reducing energy consumption and saving heating costs. It can reduce roof runoff by about 65%, improve surrounding humidity conditions, prevent water from gathering near the foundation, and help reduce the risk of flooding. By planting plant varieties suitable for the local climate, green roofs can also improve biodiversity and attract pollinators, promoting ecological balance. And it can also add unique aesthetic charm to the living environment, becoming a habitat for bees and other pollinators.","Establishing green roofs can lower local temperatures, save energy costs, and reduce urban rainwater runoff, which has many benefits in alleviating the urban heat island effect.",Global,Global,global,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,Before 1900,Yes,It's not finished.,Years,,"Foresty, Health",,Urban/Semi-urban,Community,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I think it's not.,I think it's not.,,Yes,"Since the construction of the rooftop garden, the operating costs of the Chicago City Hall have decreased due to the strong heat absorption ability of concrete surfaces in the past, especially after being coated with asphalt paint. As a result, the temperature of the building surface increases, and the cost of air conditioning also increases accordingly. But a rooftop garden can alleviate this situation. In summer, this garden helps keep the building cool through a layer of damp materials. In winter, rooftop gardens also serve as insulation to keep warm and warm. Meanwhile, the long-standing sewage problem that has plagued Chicago has also been brought under control. Previously, due to rainstorm, the sewer from Chicago to Michigan often flooded, but the soil in the roof garden can absorb part of the precipitation, and the drainage pressure of the sewer can be reduced.",I think it's a successful attempt.,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,"This example combines with infrastructure to establish green roofs in some government buildings or public places, helping to improve the urban heat island effect.",I think it's a successful attempt.,I don´t know,Yes,"In terms of perception, it can bring aesthetic enjoyment to people.","Population size, Urbanization, Human capital",,Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes,,I think it's a successful attempt.,Call for more public participation in environmental governance through other forms of public participation in environmental protection.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Liu Liwei,202311998042@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,Beijing Normal University,,intelligent water conservancy system,https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9/24564748?fr=ge_ala，https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Pr4y1W7u7/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click&vd_source=b43d982eda64f4cd1fff0f9b0f6ee397,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Smart water conservancy is the innovative application of advanced concepts and high-tech in the water conservancy industry, represented by smart cities, in the construction of a smart society. It is a comprehensive application of technologies such as cloud computing, big data, the Internet of Things, and sensors.In recent years, with the strong guidance of the country, the concept of smart water conservancy has emerged in response to the times. Applying advanced science and technology to the water conservancy industry, ultimately achieving the beautiful vision of &#34;cloud as the carrier, interconnected perception, promoting benefits and eliminating harm, and promoting harmony between people and water;.","Firstly, it introduces advanced technologies such as modern information technology and big data analysis, improving the efficiency and refinement of water resource management; Secondly, the system focuses on ecological environment protection, and through scientific regulation of water resource utilization, it helps to maintain ecological balance; The most important thing is that intelligent water conservancy systems conform to the concept of sustainable development, promote coordinated development of economy, society, and ecology, and make substantial changes to traditional water conservancy management models. These characteristics together constitute the important significance of intelligent water conservancy systems as an attempt to reform.",Asia,China,Zhejiang,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,It may take more than five years or even longer to achieve full coverage and operation.,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Energy",,Urban/Semi-urban,City,Over a million,Over a million,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight negative effect,No change,I don't know,,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,no,no,,Yes,"The project of smart water conservancy system construction is closely related to practical application. Through practice, the feasibility and effectiveness of the technology can be verified, practical issues can be addressed, personnel capabilities can be enhanced, and feedback can be collected to improve the system. Practical experience can also be used to promote the application of smart water conservancy systems.",,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No information available to me,,"Population size, Urbanization",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Guoliang Zhu,201911051121@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,"Faculty of Geography, Beijing Normal University",,Panda Guardian,https://gongyi.weibo.com/r/229405,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Panda Guardian is a social ecological protection public welfare action jointly launched by Weibo and China Green Foundation. Participating users can cultivate virtual bamboo through interaction on Weibo. According to the planting situation of virtual bamboo online, combined with the natural conditions of panda habitat, Weibo will donate corresponding funds, and together with China Green Foundation, under the guidance of Shaanxi Forestry Department, plant real bamboo in the Qinling Mountains and other places, so as to alleviate the problem of &#34;fragmentation&#34; of panda habitat and promote the natural ecological construction in the Qinling Mountains and other places. Through this action, the threshold for public participation in public welfare is lowered and a platform for social participation in ecological protection is built.","This project allows more people to participate in the protection of this precious animal through online mini-games. Online games not only mobilize the enthusiasm of the public to participate in the protection of giant pandas, but also provide a convenient channel for ordinary people to directly participate in biodiversity protection. Public participation in biodiversity conservation can be achieved through the path of user participation - network construction - enterprise donation.",Asia,China,"Qinling region, Shaanxi Province",Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant",enterprise,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,It have not finished.,Decades,,Foresty,,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands",State,More than 1000,More than 1000,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,,no,no,no,Yes,"Through the efforts of the participants, on April 15, 2018, the event organizer fulfilled its promise to users and planted the first batch of native bamboo species in the Qinling wild panda habitat in Shaanxi province.",no,Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people,,,,None,,,Urbanization,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Chen Peiyuan,202121051123@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,"Faculty of Geography Science, BNU",,Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the Amazon (PPCDAm),https://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/bra167018.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The program was created in response to the long history of deforestation and destruction of the Amazon rainforest, as well as a series of actions and policies that have been adopted to promote the sustainable development of the region and protect the integrity of the ecosystem.","The Amazon rainforest is one of the most significant ecosystems on Earth, playing a crucial role in global climate regulation and biodiversity conservation. By addressing deforestation in the Amazon region, the PPCDAm aims to have a transformative impact on a vast geographical area with global environmental implications. The PPCDAm involves coordination and collaboration across various sectors, including government agencies, environmental organizations, indigenous communities, and the private sector. This multisectoral approach recognizes the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic issues and seeks to address them comprehensively.",America,Brazil,Amazon rainforest region,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,not finished yet.,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Country,Over a million,More than 1000,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,,"While the PPCDAm aims to achieve positive outcomes in terms of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services, it also entails trade-offs and potential negative impacts on certain social groups, particularly those reliant on deforestation for livelihoods. Balancing these interests requires careful consideration of equity, justice, and sustainability in conservation and development policies and practices.","Since the Amazon region is populated by predominantly native communities and indigenous peoples, it is important to take social equity into account when implementing conservation measures. However, strict protection policies may have a negative impact on the livelihoods and economic activities of some communities, thereby increasing the risk of social inequity.",,Yes,"The PPCDAm encourages the adoption of sustainable land use practices among stakeholders in the Amazon region. This includes promoting agroforestry, sustainable agriculture, and reduced-impact logging techniques that minimize the environmental footprint while supporting local livelihoods.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"PPCDAm has established a regular monitoring and assessment mechanism, utilizing advanced technological tools such as satellite remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) to monitor changes in forest cover, logging activities and ecosystem status. These data and information provide a scientific basis for decision makers and help to adjust policies and actions in a timely manner to achieve conservation goals.  The PPCDAm has received extensive support from the international community, including financial support and technical assistance from international organizations, developed countries and civil society institutions. This international cooperation and financial support has provided important support for the advancement of the protection program, promoting technical innovation and experience exchange.",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",,"PPCDAm integrates scientific research and expertise into its planning and decision-making processes. Scientists and researchers contribute valuable knowledge on biodiversity, ecosystem services, climate change, and deforestation dynamics, which informs the development of evidence-based policies and strategies.","Urbanization, Concentrated production, Trade",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Yiming Hou,202331051062@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,"Faculty of Geographical Science,BNU",,Intelligent ecological compensation,https://www.sohu.com/a/379085200_657931,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The vision centers around the integration of advanced technology, particularly artificial intelligence, with ecological conservation efforts in China. The actors involved in this vision include government agencies, environmental organizations, research institutions, and technology companies. Through the application of artificial intelligence, these stakeholders aim to revolutionize ecological conservation practices, enhance biodiversity monitoring, and mitigate environmental degradation. This vision emphasizes the synergy between cutting-edge technology and environmental protection, highlighting the potential for technological innovation to address complex ecological challenges while promoting sustainable development.","I believe this is an example of an attempt at transformative change because it represents a fundamental shift in the approach to ecological conservation. By integrating advanced technology, particularly artificial intelligence, into conservation efforts, stakeholders aim to revolutionize the way environmental challenges are addressed. This approach goes beyond traditional conservation methods and introduces innovative solutions that have the potential to significantly impact biodiversity monitoring, environmental management, and sustainable development.",Asia,China,Gansu province,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Industry",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",City,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,,"In this example, while integrating artificial intelligence and advanced technology brings benefits for ecological conservation, it also poses potential drawbacks. Government agencies and tech firms gain the most, with improved efficiency in environmental monitoring and management. However, some communities and environmental groups may lose power, facing increased intervention. Overreliance on technology may also lead to misunderstandings of ecosystems, risking biodiversity.",There is no such situation in this example.,"Yes, there may be a gap between the official rhetoric about this example and the outcomes on the ground, particularly from the perspective of marginalized and silenced groups.",Yes,"This case engages with practices by integrating advanced technology, particularly artificial intelligence, into ecological conservation efforts. Stakeholders actively seek to revolutionize traditional approaches to environmental protection by leveraging innovative technologies such as AI-based monitoring systems and big data analytics. Additionally, collaborative initiatives among government agencies, environmental organizations, research institutions, and technology companies demonstrate a collective effort to address complex ecological challenges through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation.","If seen as unsuccessful, the failure of this initiative could be attributed to an over-reliance on technology without considering broader conservation strategies. Additionally, insufficient community engagement and the neglect of socio-economic disparities might have hindered its success.","Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,"This case interacts with structures mainly through policies, institutions, and infrastructure. Government policies shape ecological conservation efforts, providing guidelines for stakeholders. Institutions oversee and coordinate initiatives, offering expertise and resources. Infrastructure, like monitoring systems, facilitates practical conservation practices. These structures support stakeholders in engaging effectively in ecological conservation.","If this example is deemed unsuccessful in achieving transformative change, structural factors contributing to its failure might include inadequate policy support, institutional resistance, insufficient infrastructure, and limited stakeholder engagement. These deficiencies could have hindered progress and prevented effective implementation of transformative initiatives.","Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Underlying worldviews on the human-nature relationship may shape conservation approaches. Individual beliefs about technology, government roles, and societal responsibilities in environmental stewardship also impact conservation strategies.","Values, Population size, Changes in primary sector",,"Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,Inadequate involvement of key stakeholders or marginalized groups in decision-making processes could have undermined the success of transformative initiatives.,"Develop comprehensive policy frameworks, including incentive measures and institutional reforms, to promote sustainable development and ecological conservation.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Wang Yijin,202011051037@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,"Beijing Normal University,Faculty of Geographical Science",,Ecological Technological Innovation in Biodiversity Conservation: A Case Study of Barking Riverside,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.01.013,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The vision for the Barking Riverside brownfield landscaping project is to create a sustainable and biodiverse community development alongside the River Thames in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. This vision is shared by Barking Riverside Ltd, a public-private partnership, along with key stakeholders such as local authorities, ecologists, landscape architects, and the government body responsible for the natural environment. It aims to conserve the multifunctional ecosystem services of the brownfield site, including greenspace access, stormwater storage, and biodiversity, while incorporating urban green infrastructure (UGI) into master planning. Through collaborative efforts, the project seeks to maximize biodiversity, ensure sustainability, and enhance resilience within the new community, while reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting sustainable practices.","This project is an example of an attempt at transformative change because it challenges traditional urban development norms by repurposing a brownfield site into a sustainable community. By integrating urban green infrastructure (UGI) and prioritizing biodiversity, it seeks to shift the paradigm towards more environmentally conscious practices. Collaborative efforts among stakeholders foster inclusive decision-making processes, promoting sustainability and resilience. Overall, it aims not only to rejuvenate a derelict area but also to inspire broader shifts in urban planning approaches towards greater ecological sensitivity and community engagement.",Europe,UK,The location of the Barking Riverside brownfield landscaping project is within the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham.,,Opponent/resistant,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Services, Industry",,Urban/Semi-urban,City,More than 1000,"Between 100 to 1,000",No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,"Yes, there might be dark sides to this example in terms of benefits and losses for different social groups as well as biodiversity outcomes. While certain social groups or stakeholders may benefit from the project, others, especially marginalized communities, could experience negative consequences such as land dispossession or environmental degradation. Additionally, despite efforts to promote biodiversity, there could be unintended ecological impacts leading to biodiversity loss in some areas. Therefore, it is essential to conduct thorough assessments to identify and mitigate potential adverse effects on both social groups and biodiversity.","es, while the project aimed for sustainability and biodiversity conservation, there may have been compromises in terms of equity, especially regarding displacement of marginalized communities and potential environmental impacts during construction.","Yes, there might be a gap between the official rhetoric and outcomes on the ground, particularly concerning marginalized and silenced groups. Despite the official discourse emphasizing positive impacts, marginalized communities may experience adverse effects, such as displacement or environmental injustices. This disparity highlights the importance of addressing the concerns and perspectives of marginalized groups in policy implementation and decision-making processes.",Yes,"The case engages with practices through the utilization of scientific and technological approaches. For instance, it involves habitat restoration through ecological techniques, decision support using artificial intelligence, and employs advanced monitoring and assessment tools to evaluate the project&#39;s impact. These practices, utilizing scientific and technological advancements, aim to foster sustainability and biodiversity conservation.","The failure could be attributed to ineffective application of scientific methods and technological solutions. For instance, if ecological restoration techniques were not properly implemented, or if the utilization of artificial intelligence lacked community-centered approaches, the transformative efforts might have faltered. Improper integration or misunderstanding of scientific principles might have hindered the desired outcomes. Addressing these shortcomings and ensuring a robust scientific and technological foundation is essential for successful transformative change.","Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,"The case engages with structures through the integration of scientific research and technological innovation into policy frameworks and institutional practices. It involves the development of laws and regulations that promote sustainable practices and biodiversity conservation. Additionally, institutional reforms are implemented to align with the principles of inclusive governance and adaptive management. Infrastructure projects are designed with a focus on sustainability, incorporating ecological principles and utilizing advanced technologies for monitoring and management. Overall, these engagements with structures aim to create a conducive environment for transformative change by leveraging scientific knowledge and technological advancements.","The failure of transformative change in this example may be attributed to structural changes such as inadequate policy implementation, institutional resistance to change, and insufficient integration of scientific findings into decision-making processes. Policy frameworks may lack enforcement mechanisms or fail to address underlying social and economic disparities, hindering effective implementation. Institutional inertia or vested interests may impede necessary reforms, leading to suboptimal outcomes. Moreover, if scientific evidence is not effectively communicated or utilized in policy formulation and implementation, it can undermine the effectiveness of interventions aimed at transformative change.","Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Yes, the example engages with views to create transformative change by challenging existing worldviews, values, and perceptions. It promotes a shift towards a more sustainable and ecologically conscious mindset, emphasizing the intrinsic value of biodiversity and the interconnectedness of human well-being with nature. Through educational initiatives, public awareness campaigns, and stakeholder engagement, the case aims to reshape beliefs and attitudes towards environmental conservation and sustainable development. By fostering a deeper understanding of the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services, it seeks to inspire individuals and communities to adopt pro-environmental behaviors and advocate for policies that prioritize ecological integrity and social equity.","Values, Structural transition, Local community coordination",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions",,"Some of the challenges that couldn&#39;t be overcome might involve structural constraints such as neoliberal policy frameworks, financial insecurity, and inadequate policy and institutional support for redirecting capital towards biodiversity action. These structural issues often hinder transformative efforts despite technological advancements in ecological sciences and other fields.","To achieve transformative change, a more integrated approach could have been adopted, leveraging advancements in scientific technologies such as ecological modeling, remote sensing, and data analytics. Additionally, fostering stronger interdisciplinary collaborations and community engagement could have facilitated a more holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities, leading to more effective strategies. Moreover, addressing underlying structural constraints through policy reforms and institutional restructuring could have created a more conducive environment for transformative actions.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Liu Ziwen,201831051058@mail.bnu.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,Beijing Normal University,,Guarding wild animals with animal tracking technology,https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020292,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","On May 1,2023, China 's new ' Wildlife Protection Law ' was officially implemented. Strengthening the protection of wild animals is of great significance for maintaining biodiversity and promoting the construction of ecological civilization. Over the years, high-tech means such as intelligent monitoring systems, far-infrared cameras, big data + Internet of Things, and species artificial intelligence identification have provided a strong guarantee for China 's wildlife protection work and promoted the stability of wildlife populations and the restoration of ecological balance.","In animal tracking research, the traditional method is to identify a single animal through the accumulation of human experience. But when it comes to wildlife protection, we can 't label thousands of golden monkeys. Sometimes we use DNA recognition, such as obtaining animal hair and feces, which can be detected at the next encounter. However, this requires identification in the laboratory, which is very cumbersome and cannot meet the requirements of real-time identification. At this point, artificial intelligence is needed to help.",Africa,China,"Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Beijing",,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Services",,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",City,"Between 100 to 1,000",Between 10 to 100,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,,May potentially damage the natural ecological environment.,,Yes,"By utilizing cutting-edge technologies such as IoT perception, big data, and intelligent machine vision, this platform can establish an individual recognition model with body posture, gait, color, and fur patterns as the main recognition elements. At the same time, artificial intelligence biological individual recognition is carried out on static images, dynamic image data, etc. Based on the image data recognition box, the image range of suspected Northeast tiger, Northeast leopard, and prey individuals is selected, and the individual recognition results, individual recognition similarity, etc. are annotated in real time.",The technological means are not advanced and accurate enough.,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",No,"Infrared cameras are commonly used methods for wildlife investigation. When wild animals enter the auxiliary area of the infrared camera, the camera will trigger the photography or video recording function through the infrared sensing module to obtain information about local wild animals.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",No,,"Urbanization, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Inadequate policies and institutions and their misalignment to redirect capital to biodiversity actions, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Tianci Gu,gutc@cug.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,"China University of Geosciences, School of Geography and Information Engineering, Department of Geography",0000-0001-9466-5545,Green Urbanism: Transforming Cityscapes for Sustainable Living,https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/18723; https://journals.openedition.org/sapiens/1057,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The vision of Green Urbanism: Transforming Cityscapes for Sustainable Living is about creating cities that are environmentally sustainable, socially inclusive, and economically viable. This vision is shared by a broad range of actors including city planners, architects, environmentalists, policymakers, and community groups. They envision urban environments where the infrastructure and living spaces are designed to reduce carbon footprints, promote energy efficiency, and enhance urban biodiversity. The goal is to transform cities into spaces that support the well-being of all residents, while actively mitigating the impacts of climate change and environmental degradation. This collective vision focuses on integrating green spaces, sustainable transportation systems, energy-efficient buildings, and innovative technologies to create a harmonious balance between urban development and environmental stewardship.","1. **Holistic Approach:** It adopts a comprehensive approach to urban development that intersects various sectors—energy, water, waste management, transportation, and housing—with sustainability at its core. This integrated approach is crucial for addressing the multifaceted challenges of urban areas comprehensively.  2. **Innovation and Technology:** The use of innovative technologies and sustainable practices, such as energy-efficient buildings, renewable energy sources, and green transportation systems, signifies a shift away from traditional, unsustainable urban development models towards more resilient and adaptive cities.  3. **Behavioral and Cultural Shift:** By redesigning urban spaces to be more sustainable, it encourages a shift in both individual and collective behaviors and values towards environmental stewardship and community well-being. This cultural and behavioral shift is a key aspect of transformative change, as it underlies the sustainability of any technological or infrastructural advancement.  4. **Scalability and Replicability:** The principles of green urbanism are not limited to specific locations but can be adapted and implemented across different urban contexts globally. This scalability and the potential for replication make it a powerful example of how localized initiatives can contribute to global sustainability goals.  5. **Stakeholder Engagement:** The vision incorporates a wide array of stakeholders, including governments, businesses, civil society, and local communities, in the planning and implementation process. This multi-stakeholder approach ensures that the transformative change is inclusive, catering to the needs and aspirations of diverse groups and thereby increasing the likelihood of successful implementation and long-term sustainability.  Overall, &#34;Green Urbanism: Transforming Cityscapes for Sustainable Living&#34; represents a proactive and strategic effort to redefine urban living for the 21st century and beyond, marking it as a significant attempt at transformative change.",Asia,China,Hubei,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Energy, Services, Industry",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,,,"From the perspective of marginalized groups, the following concerns and challenges may arise:  （1）Displacement and Gentrification: Green urbanism projects can sometimes lead to increased property values, which may displace low-income residents and communities of color. （2）Access to Green Spaces: Marginalized groups may have limited access to green spaces and other amenities created through green urbanism initiatives due to factors such as location, cost, or safety concerns. （3）Participation and Decision-Making: Marginalized groups may be underrepresented in the planning and decision-making processes related to green urbanism projects, leading to their needs and perspectives being overlooked. （4）Environmental Justice: Green urbanism initiatives should not exacerbate existing environmental injustices, such as air pollution or lack of access to clean water, which disproportionately affect marginalized communities.",Yes,"Implements principles of green urbanism in city planning and design, such as mixed-use development, compact neighborhoods, and accessible public transportation. Promotes the integration of green infrastructure, such as parks, green roofs, and permeable pavements, to mitigate urban heat island effects and improve air quality. Encourages the adoption of energy-efficient building practices and technologies, such as LED lighting, smart grids, and passive solar design. Promotes the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services",Yes,"Institutional Arrangements:  Establishes institutional structures and mechanisms to facilitate coordination and collaboration among government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), academic institutions, and private sector actors involved in urban development. Creates platforms for dialogue and decision-making that involve diverse stakeholders, including residents, community groups, businesses, and policymakers. Financial Mechanisms and Investments:  Mobilizes financial resources and investment capital to support the implementation of green urbanism projects, including public-private partnerships, green bonds, and sustainable investment funds. Develops innovative financing mechanisms, such as tax incentives, subsidies, and grants, to incentivize sustainable practices and technologies in urban development.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Incorporates diverse stakeholder views and perspectives into the planning, design, and implementation of green urbanism initiatives, including those of residents, businesses, civil society organizations, and local authorities. Facilitates dialogue and collaboration among stakeholders to address differing viewpoints, interests, and priorities, fostering consensus-building and collective decision-making processes.","Urbanization, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Structural transition",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,"1. Equity and Social Justice Focus: Place a stronger emphasis on addressing social disparities and promoting social justice in urban development initiatives. This can include targeted policies and interventions that prioritize the needs of marginalized and silenced groups, ensuring their full participation and benefit in the transformation process.  2. Community-Driven Development: Adopt a more bottom-up approach that empowers local communities to take the lead in shaping the green urbanism agenda. Provide capacity-building support and resources to community organizations to facilitate their active participation in decision-making, planning, and implementation processes.  3. Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Foster greater collaboration and integration of diverse disciplines, such as urban planning, architecture, social sciences, and environmental sciences, to ensure a comprehensive and holistic approach in addressing environmental, social, and economic challenges. Break down silos and promote interdisciplinary research, education, and practice.  4. Policy Innovation: Explore innovative policy instruments and mechanisms to incentivize sustainable practices and behaviors. This can include the introduction of progressive regulations, financial incentives, and market mechanisms that reward sustainability performance and create an enabling environment for transformative change.  5. Long-Term Vision and Planning: Develop a long-term vision for sustainable urbanism that transcends political cycles and short-term objectives. This includes adopting comprehensive and strategic urban planning frameworks that guide decision-making, investments, and infrastructure development over the long term.  6. Global Cooperation and Knowledge Exchange: Promote international cooperation and knowledge exchange to learn from successful experiences and adapt best practices to local contexts. Collaboration between cities and regions can facilitate sharing of lessons learned, technologies, and policies, accelerating the pace of transformative change.  7. Monitoring and Evaluation: Establish robust monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to assess the progress and impacts of green urbanism initiatives. Regularly review and adjust strategies based on data and feedback to ensure continuous improvement and effectiveness.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Tianci Gu; TCA technical support unit,gutc@cug.edu.cn; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,No role,Transformative Change,"China University of Geosciences, School of Geography and Information Engineering, Department of Geography",0000-0001-9466-5545,The Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project,https://academic.oup.com/nsr/article/10/7/nwad033/7049969; https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P003540,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","The project is about reversing the severe ecological damage caused by thousands of years of agricultural practices on the Loess Plateau. It aims to restore the ecosystem, increase agricultural production, and improve the livelihoods of the local population.","The Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project exemplifies transformative change because it represents a comprehensive shift in environmental management and socio-economic development. It&#39;s not just about ecological restoration; it&#39;s a fundamental rethinking of the relationship between people and the environment. The project involves multiple actors, from government bodies to local communities, all working towards a shared vision of sustainability. By combining policy reform, community engagement, and large-scale environmental rehabilitation, the project seeks to create a model for sustainable living that can be replicated elsewhere. This holistic approach, aiming to balance ecological integrity with human well-being, is what makes it a powerful example of transformative change.",Asia,China,Hubei,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Public sector,,1990-2000,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Foresty, Water, Services",,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Regional within country,Over a million,"Between 100 to 1,000",Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,"The Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project, while largely successful, did have some unintended consequences. The project’s large-scale changes to land management practices, such as banning tree cutting and free-range grazing, significantly impacted local farmers and herders. These groups faced restrictions on traditional livelihood practices, which may have led to short-term economic hardships as they adapted to new methods of sustainable farming and livestock management.  Additionally, the project’s focus on certain tree planting and terracing methods to combat erosion and increase agricultural productivity may have inadvertently affected local biodiversity. Monoculture plantations can lead to a decrease in habitat diversity, which is crucial for a wide range of species. However, the project also aimed to improve biodiversity outcomes by restoring vegetation cover and reducing soil erosion, which can benefit the overall ecosystem in the long term.","The Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project, while largely successful in its environmental restoration and economic development goals, did face challenges related to equity and sustainability. The implementation of policies such as banning tree cutting, planting on steep slopes, and free-range grazing of livestock, although ecologically beneficial, had significant social implications. These restrictions impacted the traditional livelihoods of local farmers and herders, many of whom were already among the poorest in China. While the project aimed to increase agricultural production and incomes, the immediate effect of these policies was to limit the economic activities of the local population. This raised concerns about the balance between environmental sustainability and the short-term economic welfare of the communities directly affected by the project&#39;s stringent conservation measures.","While the Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project has been celebrated for its ecological achievements, there is evidence suggesting a gap between the official rhetoric and the actual outcomes, particularly for marginalized and silenced groups. The project’s policies, such as the ban on tree cutting and free-range grazing, have led to significant improvements in ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration and soil conservation. However, these policies have also altered traditional livelihoods, with the reduction of farmland and the expansion of forest and grassland areas. This has potentially marginalized local farmers and herders, who have seen their way of life and income sources constrained. The project underscores the complex interplay between environmental goals and social equity, highlighting the need for inclusive approaches that consider the voices and needs of all community members, especially those most vulnerable to policy changes.",Yes,"The Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project engaged with practices by radically restructuring local land use and involving villagers in the process. It identified ecologically destabilizing practices and established new land management policies, such as banning agriculture on steep slopes, tree cutting, and unmanaged grazing. The project also created water-harvesting structures, promoted continuous vegetative cover, and implemented large-scale reforestation and grasslands regeneration, along with the use of agro-forestry methods. This participatory approach aimed to ensure that the project’s ecological goals were met while also addressing the needs and practices of the local communities.",,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"The Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project engages with practices primarily through the transformation of land management and agricultural techniques to combat severe soil erosion. It introduced sustainable practices such as terracing, tree planting, and controlled grazing, which were integrated with traditional farming methods. This approach not only improved ecological conditions but also aimed to enhance agricultural productivity and local livelihoods. By involving local communities in these practices, the project sought to ensure long-term sustainability and ownership of the land restoration efforts. The shift towards sustainable practices represents a significant engagement with both traditional and innovative agricultural methods to achieve environmental restoration goals.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,,"Population size, Concentrated production, Local community coordination",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,"While the Loess Plateau Watershed Rehabilitation Project has been largely successful, it faced significant challenges that could have led to failure if not properly addressed. These included unsustainable farming practices, massive environmental degradation, and widespread poverty due to high population pressures. Additionally, the project had to overcome the historical context of soil erosion that had been exacerbated by deforestation and inappropriate agricultural practices. The success of the project hinged on reversing these practices through policy changes, community engagement, and sustainable land management. If these challenges were insurmountable, they could have jeopardized the project&#39;s goals of increasing agricultural production, incomes, and achieving ecological restoration.","1. Integrating Local Knowledge: Engaging local communities more deeply to incorporate traditional ecological knowledge could enhance project outcomes. 2. Adaptive Management: Implementing a flexible management strategy that can respond to changing conditions and new information could lead to more resilient systems. 3. Cross-Sector Collaboration: Encouraging collaboration across different sectors and disciplines to foster innovation and address complex challenges holistically. 4. Capacity Building: Strengthening the capabilities of local institutions and individuals to manage resources sustainably and adapt to environmental changes. However, the LPP has also been presented as a prime example of the basic contradictions in China's discourse and practice of ecological modernization: https://kuey.net/index.php/kuey/article/view/5242","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Ling Zhang,lingzhang@stu.pku.edu.cn,No role,Transformative Change,"School of Urban Planing and Design, Peking university",,Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program(CCFP),video:http://www.iswc.cas.cn/xwdt/dsp/202012/t20201203_5807840.html,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",address immediate environmental challenges like soil erosion and desertification; address immediate environmental challenges like soil erosion and desertification,"The project tackles the root causes of soil erosion and land degradation by changing land-use practices. Instead of merely addressing the symptoms, such as planting trees on eroded lands without altering underlying agricultural practices, it transforms the very nature of land use, aiming for a sustainable balance between agricultural productivity and environmental conservation.",Asia,China,"The Loess Plateau; The Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River;The Upper Reaches of the Yellow River: Southern China such as Yuannan, Guangxi Provinces",,,,,,,,,,,,"Promoter, Opponent/resistant","Promoter, Opponent/resistant",Promoter,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,,Both public and private sectors,,1990-2000,Yes,ongoing,I don´t know,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Tundra and high mountain habitats, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Urban/Semi-urban",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight negative effect,"there are some negative effects that have not been fully vertified. (1) biodiversity impacts. projects tend to plant monocultures, may lead to a reduction in biodiversity.(2)hydrological cycle impacts: large-scale tress planting activities may alter regional hydrological characteristics, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.",Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Slight negative effect,No change,Slight negative effect,"althought the government has provided compensatory measures, some farmers may face econimic hardship due to the loss of traditional agricultural land.",Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,"Yes, there are some negative effects that have not been fully vertified. (1) biodiversity impacts. projects tend to plant monocultures, may lead to a reduction in biodiversity.(2)hydrological cycle impacts: large-scale tress planting activities may alter regional hydrological characteristics, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.althought the government has provided compensatory measures, some farmers may face econimic hardship due to the loss of traditional agricultural land.","In the short term, some farmers and local landowners faced economic hardships due to the loss of agricultural land, which was their primary source of income.the poorest rural populations who had limited land resources and less access to alternative livelihoods or compensation mechanisms, potentially faced the most significant hardships.","Yes, marginalized groups at some places were facing challenges that are often overlooked in official narratives",Yes,"The core activity involves planting trees and planting grasses, to stabilize soil. the government provides grain and financial compensation to farmers who agree to convert their agricultural land into forest or grassland.",Insufficient Consideration for Local Ecology and Biodiversity;,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests",No,"The project was initiated as part of a national policy directive, demonstrating a top-down approach characteristic of China&#39;s governance structure. It needs Inter-governmental Coordination, the project required coordination among various levels of government, from central to local.",The predominantly top-down governance structure of the project sometimes resulted in a lack of local engagement and ownership.,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,Valuing Ecological Health over Immediate Economic Gains.the project promotes a long-term vision of ecological health and sustainability over short-term economic gains from farming.,"Human capital, Concentrated production, Trade",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Policy-related challenges",,"The critical challenge was that the project&#39;s emphasis on fast-growing monocultures, which, while effective for quick forest cover increase and economic returns, did not always support the long-term goal of biodiversity restoration and ecological resilience.","Instead of focusing on fast-growing monocultures, the project could have prioritized planting a diverse mix of native species to restore natural ecosystems more effectively. his approach would enhance biodiversity, improve ecosystem services, and increase resilience to pests, diseases, and climate change.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Duanxiaoyu; TCA technical support unit,202221051165@mail.bnu.edu.cn; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,No role,Transformative Change,Beijing Normal University,,ant forest,https://www.antgroup.com/esg/lowcarbon,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","In response to the role of climate change, the case relys on platform capabilities and scientific and technological forces to enhance the public 's green low-carbon awareness in various aspects such as clothing, food, housing and transportation, from awareness to action to habits, and help the green transformation and development of society and the construction of beautiful China.","In the five years since its launch in 2016, Ant Forest has encouraged users to save carbon emissions by walking instead of driving, paying water, electricity and coal online, and buying tickets online through the ' Internet + universal compulsory tree planting ' model. It has driven more than 613 million people to participate in low-carbon life, generating more than 20 million tons of ' green energy ', participating in ecological restoration work in 11 provinces across the country, and planting a total of 326 million trees, of which more than 100 million in Gansu and Inner Mongolia.",Asia,China,"Gansu, Inner Mongolia, etc",Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Foresty, Other",wild animals sector,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands",Regional within country,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,I don't know,,no,no,no,Yes,"The carbon emissions saved by users ' walking instead of driving, paying water, electricity and coal online, and purchasing tickets online will be calculated as virtual ' green energy ', which is used to raise a virtual tree in the mobile phone. After the virtual tree grows, Alipay Ant Forest and Public Welfare Partners will plant a real tree on the earth, or guard the corresponding area of the protected area to cultivate and motivate users ' low-carbon environmental behavior.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"The office of the National Greening Committee and the China Greening Foundation have officially signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Ant Financial Services Group on "" Internet + National Compulsory Tree Planting, "" and the Alipay Ant Forest Tree Planting Model has been formally incorporated into the national compulsory tree planting system.",,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,"Relying on platform capabilities and scientific and technological strength, we will enhance the public 's awareness of green and low-carbon in various aspects such as clothing, food, housing and transportation. From awareness to action to habits, we will help the green transformation and development of society and the construction of beautiful China, and make efforts to achieve biodiversity protection, dual-carbon goals and climate action vision.","Values, Population size, Urbanization, Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge)",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Socio-psychological lock-ins across individuals and/or collectives/communities",,,"Ant Forest app received from UNEP the Champions of the Earth award, however this case could be nuanced:
Financialisation of nature could be critiziced
The app 'gamifies' positive impacts of green behaviour, using the addictive rewarding game system, without mentioning the afforestation challenges to the users
""Abstraction from the real problem of deforestation to something that has no origin in the country’s historical social and power relations and is detached from the specificity of the area it claims to rescue""
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Empatheater ,https://www.empatheatre.com/about,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","This is a space for reflexive deep listening in society over a public concern, that contributes to participatory justice in decision making, meaning making and solidarity building across societal spheres.","Empatheatre is a research-based, theatre-making methodology that emerged from friendship and solidarity between artists, academic researchers and responsive citizens. The process begins with extensive action-based research in which co-participants and key partners work to identify matters of concern and a pressing central question. Complex problems in unequal societies require careful yet rigorous explorations of different ways of knowing, being and doing. When popular and political debates are polarised and filled with judgements, entangled livelihoods and marginalised voices are often ignored. It’s why we believe that creative and empathetic methods can facilitate multiple forms of listening to and sharing knowledge across diverse publics. Empatheatre is one such method. Emerging from the South African context, Empatheatre has, over the past five years, developed innovative new ways of constructing social spaces for equitable public dialogue. Creating an amphitheatre for empathy that embraces rather than shies away from complex entanglements in society. 
",Africa,South Africa,South Africa,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,Art which is transversally used to visibilize problems of marginalized people,Other,Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No,No,No,Yes,"Empatheatre allows us to amplify a chorus of voices, particularly those of marginalised groups, with and for our non-academic research partners, in powerful and validating ways. It allows for collaborative exploration of research findings and their implications, with diverse publics; in this way it can help to bridge the divide between multiple research disciplines, policy forums and the wider society. ",No,Other,Yes,"Deconstruction needs to particularly target structures that incorporate colonial modernist views, this example shows new ways to construct inclusive forms of expressions to connect marginalized peoples",No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,"Empatheatre has, over the past five years, developed innovative new ways of constructing social spaces for equitable public dialogue. Creating an amphitheatre for empathy that embraces rather than shies away from complex entanglements in society. 
",Values,,Conforming actions that create a hold on habits and institutions over social life,,No,"This is an example with transformative potential related to marginalized people and sustainability goals
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Blue Ventures Conservation,https://blueventures.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/BV-2022-Annual-Report.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Our vision is a world where traditional fishers have better livelihoods and improved food security, and where healthy oceans teem with life for generations to come.","To rebuild fisheries and restore ocean life at scale, they build long-term relationships with like-minded partners who are already working closely with coastal communities. They provide training, technical assistance, data systems, mentoring and funding to help  partners to restore fish populations, create healthy ocean environments and improve the livelihoods of traditional fishers. Together they design, scale, strengthen and sustain fisheries management and governance at the community level.Over the past 12 months (2021-2022), the number of people reached by the work rose by more than 13 per cent, surpassing three-quarters of a million for the first time. Ocean waters protected within Locally-managed Marine Areas (LMMAs) increased by almost five per cent to nearly 16,800km2. This last metric was marginally short of the ambitious target, primarily due to pandemic-related limitations to the field operations.",Global,Global,Global,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Fisheries,,"Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Community,Over a million,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"They have built and strengthened alliances to amplify the voices of communities, mobilise wider civil society and inspire policy dialogue with governments. ",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems",Yes,"The best way to protect nature is to protect the human rights of those who live among it and depend upon it. We have emphasised the centrality of human rights and advocated for recognising tenure rights for Indigenous peoples and local communities as fundamental to sustainable conservation success in the 30 by 30 goal of the Post- 2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and beyond.While we recognise the critical importance of increasing ocean protection, we believe that only a community-led approach will succeed in delivering sustainable fisheries, vibrant oceans, and better food security for coastal communities at scale.",No,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"The founding mission and values stand for empowerment and community mobilisation. Despite holding these values uppermost in what we do, they acknowledge that injustices and inequalities have, and do, occur in their work, its organisation and the sector.","Human capital, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,No,This is an example with transformative potential related for sustainable oceans and people,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Helen Wheeler,helen.wheeler@aru.ac.uk,LA,Transformative Change,Anglia Ruskin University, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-5818,Snowchange-international Indigenous policy and research transformation,http://www.snowchange.org/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","The snowchange coorperative has developed since prior to 2001. Some key aspects of the vision are advancement of Indigenous traditions and culture, supporting Indigenous rights, climate justice as well as restoration of land. As an international project it supports multiple visions with these overarching themes.","The way in which Indigenous people's are involved in this initiative is transformative compared to what came before. Prior to 2000, and onwards research and conservation has often been ""helicopter science/conservation"". ",Global,"Finland, New Zealand, Russia, Greenland, USA, UK, Canada, Sweden, Taiwan, Australia, New Zealand",Many,Promoter,Promoter,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,"Unsure of role of Local and Regional government, but could reach out and ask if this was a key case study",Both public and private sectors,"Public, private and third sector",2000-2010,Yes,NA,Decades,,"Foresty, Fisheries, Water",Where economic included subsistence economies,"Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tundra and high mountain habitats",Other,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,None are known by this author,None are known by this author,Not know,Yes,Scientist and conservationist behaviour towards Indigenous people and Indigenous knowledge,NA,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,Engages scientific and conservation institutions to transform practice,NA,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,Shifting views on how science and conservation should be done and the potential for partnerships between outside scientists and Indigenous peoples.,"Values, Structural transition, Local community coordination, Global coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Neoliberal (re)structuring of state policies, including liberalization and austerity, Concentration of wealth, Spatial, temporal and functional misfits between jurisdictional and biophysical boundaries that create blindspots, Policy-related challenges, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Convention des Entreprises pour le Climat.,https://cec-impact.org/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Make the shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy irresistible by 2030,"This French initiative started in France in 2021 and is about to be expended to French-speaking countries (Belgium, Switzerland, French Pacific Islands) & english speaking countries (UK). This unique journey for company leaders is wishing to accelerate their ecological transition and move their business model toward regenerative approach. The Climate Enterprise Convention (CEC) selected 150 businesses employing a total of more than 250,000 people. In recruiting these 150 businesses, we did our best to put together a panel that represents the entire French business landscape, and whose diversity would add both strength and depth to the project. The businesses chosen come from all regions of France, are of all sizes, work in a wide range of sectors and are at very different stages in their transition journeys. Altogether, they represent 250,000 staff members and generate a total revenue of €50 billion. They came together with three aims: firstly, to spark collective intelligence and gear up to take their organisations in a new, environmentally appropriate direction; secondly, to inspire their sectors and regions; and thirdly, to involve politicians and institutions in a co-construction approach.",Europe,France,France,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Services, Industry, Other",Retail,I don´t know,Regional within country,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The example is changing the way business enterprises are adopting actions towards regenerative economies. It is often said that when you are an entrepreneur, business leader or decision-maker, you’re on your own. The CEC created a collective of more than 300 decision- makers, two per company, all equal and all committed.",,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"Hyper-rationalisation tends to create organisations structured as perfect pyramids, with an expectation that the solution will be found at the top. The manager’s job is then to chop it up into tasks and allocate it to the lower levels. We do not have time to hope that, or wait for the day when, the people at the top of the pyramids, who incidentally are paralysed by contradictory pressures, are seized by a perfect knowledge and understanding of environmental science. Given the vastness of the task at hand, this is in fact impossible. The initiative has therefore involved decision-makers who are already in the process of rethinking their own pyramid in a collective intelligence process to boost the desire and the energy to enact change in their organisations. https://cec-impact.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/CEC-Event-Report.pdf",No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,"Culturally, we expect decision-makers to have an aura of confidence and project a vision, certainty and solutions. But can this mask really hold for long in the face of an existential threat that we know we don’t fully understand, and for which no one has a magic solution? The CEC has created a climate of safety, allowing for vulnerability, in which leaders can say: “I don’t know”, “I’m lost”, I’m angry” or “I’m scared”. Being allowed to say these things creates the space that frees up the energy to act. 

In the world as viewed by Milton Friedman, a company’s only responsibility is to maximise the value it creates for its shareholders, without contravening the rules of fair competition. In the world that began with the Paris Agreement, the aim has changed: it is to strike a balance between people, planet and profit. In the world guided by the planetary boundaries, there can be no people without the biosphere and no profit without people. https://cec-impact.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/CEC-Event-Report.pdf","Values, Changes in primary sector, Structural transition",,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Financial insecurity, Market and risk-based approaches that make it difficult to progress biodiversity conservation and restoration measures or agendas., Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with transformative potential related to regenerative economies.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Business for Nature,https://www.businessfornature.org/about,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Our priorities are to: 
1. Provide the courage, comfort, and technical expertise to governments so that they adopt, implement and enforce ambitious policies that help create a nature-positive economy 

2. Scale and speed up business action by strengthening, clarifying and amplifying why and how companies should act now 

3. Drive ambitious national implementation of the Global Biodiversity Framework by embedding the role of business in the CBD National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) and sharing learnings across regions","More than 400 business and finance institutions from 52 countries helped convince governments at the UNI Biodiversity COP15 to adopt requires for all large businesses and financial institutions to assess and disclose their risks, impacts, and dependencies on nature. Make it mandatory.",Global,USA,USA,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry, Other",Tourism,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Other",City,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,By shifting the practices of business towards nature based,,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",No information available to me,,,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"One of the objectives as a coalition is to scale and speed up business action on nature by strengthening, clarifying and amplifying why and how companies should act now on nature.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is a global example with transformative potential related to the private sector applied to 12 economic sectors.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Bank for Nature,https://bankofnature.eco/about/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We’re designing a safer alternative path through nature-building financial stewardship and a new economic human-nature partnership
","Bank of Nature is more than a metaphor to change the world. There are many details about the specifics of what Nature as Bank would look like: key 'big ides: nature is a bank; endgame sustainability, humans are nature, a good Anthropocene, thinking at scale, sufficiency, sacrifice, conflicts of interest,safe alternative path, make more nature. It is an initiative to create a two-way human-nature partnership, to define endgame sustainability, build climate security, and cultivate human and non-human dignity",America,USA,USA,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,Finance,,Other,Country,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"By inventing fiduciary finance, Bank of Nature is going to use fiduciary money to do what it isn’t doing right now. That’s stewardship: fixing climate, and other global pandemics, and paying for endgame sustainability.

",,"Producing and consuming food sustainably, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",No information available to me,,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,The creation of history’s first planet-scale proxy for nature is the channel for that stewardship with the single focus: Address planet-scale crises regardless of a growth motive.,"Values, Financial flows, Market interactions",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity",,No,"This is a global example with transformative potential related to the financial sector 
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,A Compass for Just and Regenerative Business,https://www.forumforthefuture.org/just-and-regenerative-business,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Creates a 'compass' for business to take a just and regenerative approach to unlocking transformative action, defines just/regenerative, introduces navigation guide, draws out implications of this approach.","The Business Transformation Compass is a navigation guide for businesses working to adopt a just and regenerative mindset. It’s designed to help businesses identify and shift their current mindset in relation to the four common mindsets we observe: risk mitigation, zero harm, do good and just and regenerative. Since they were founded in 1996, they’ve been working in partnership with business, governments and civil society to accelerate the shift towards a just and regenerative future in which both people and the planet thrive.
That’s why Forum is focused on enabling systemic and urgent action in three potentially game-changing areas. They’re in the business of change - what it means, how to do it, and how to make it last, and are setting our sights on transforming how people and organisations think about, produce, consume and value both food and energy, and on reimagining the purpose of business in our society and economy",Europe,United Kingdom,United Kingdom,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,,"Agriculture, Energy",,I don´t know,Country,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"Forum for the Future is a leading international sustainability organisation running out of offices in the UK, US, India and Singapore. Since they were founded in 1996, they’ve been working in partnership with business, governments and civil society to accelerate the shift towards a just and regenerative future in which both people and the planet thrive.",No,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",No information available to me,No,No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,"By 2030, Forum has helped to enable a deep and urgent transition: 
1) of our food system to enable equitable access to nutrition for all whilst securing sustainable livelihoods for producers and restoring nature. We will work to enable a socially just and ecologically safe transition to a system in which food is produced and consumed in a way that is safe, affordable, nutritious and sustainable for all. A future-fit food system will optimise for people and the planet, balancing health and nutritional outcomes with restoration of the ecosystems and farming livelihoods on which we all depend. This will be underpinned by both climate mitigation and adaptation practices, with a focus on mainstreaming regenerative agriculture, enhancing resilience and transforming the supply chains that deliver key commodities from plant to plate, crop to cup.
2) to renewable energy that is ecologically safe, socially just and resets the goals of the energy production system. We will work to shift to a system that: is radically decarbonised and resilient in a rapidly changing world; depends wholly on renewables and/or other carbon-neutral sources; actively engages those who produce, trade and consume energy in the sector’s development; prioritises universal energy access by providing affordable, reliable, ecologically safe and human-rights respecting energy.
3) in the role of business to drive a just and regenerative economy. We will work with business leaders and other change actors in the market system to shift how and why business operates. We are looking to reset business as a driver of a just and regenerative economy in which people and the planet take priority.","Values, Changes in primary sector, States",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is a global example with transformative potential related to the business sector
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Eternal Mycofood,https://www.eternal.bio/mycofood,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","From day one, we knew exactly what we wanted to achieve: make food with high-nutritional value protein accesible for everyone. It’s a mission that starts with the production of Eternal Mycofood at a large scale but continues beyond that towards the decentralization of its manufacturing, to reach every corner of the planet.","In a world already focused on replacing or bringing alternatives to animal-based proteins, Eternal Mycofood appears as a new option where nutrition, high-quality food, and the environment are the top priorities. Mycofood provides a complete food for human nutrition, offering an excellent source of protein within a context that fulfills dietary requirements when combined with carbohydrates. It has a higher protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score than beef, soy and wheat gluten.

",America,Argentina,Argentina,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",Also the private and public (university) sector,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Other",Among countries,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available for me,Not available for me,Not available for me,Yes,"100% animal-free fungal base product with an excellent nutritional profile. It has a balanced composition that contains high-quality proteins, mostly unsaturated fatty acids, fiber, vitamins and minerals.

",,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,"Eternal has created innovative technology to enable healthy nutrition in long-term spaced missions. The prototype, no larger than a kitchen appliance, can be modularly introduced into habitats, and spacecrafts. In addition to small modular systems, they are producing the same high-quality nutritious ingredient on an industrial scale.",No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,"In a world already focused on replacing or bringing alternatives to animal-based proteins, Eternal Mycofood appears as a new option where nutrition, high-quality food, and the environment are the top priorities. They don’t want to focus only on the 375 million vegetarians and vegans around the globe. They want Eternal Mycofood to be the standard for every human being.","Values, Changes in primary sector, Local community coordination, States, Global coordination",,"Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,"This is an example with large transformative potential related to the food sector.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Ram Pandit,ram.pandit@uwa.edu.au,LA,Transformative Change,The University of Western Australia,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4053-5694,Natural Capital Accounting for The Mining Sector: Beenup Site Pilot Case Study,https://www.bhp.com/-/media/documents/environment/2023/230502_bhpbeenuppilotcasestudynaturalcapitalaccountingreport.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",private sector and local communities,It shows transformation of landscape in a nature positive way,Oceania,Australia,Western Australia,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,Private sector,,1990-2000,Yes,2019,Decades,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Industry",,"Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs",Community,More than 1000,Between 10 to 100,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight negative effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,No change,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,,Initially it was a sand mine that was supposed to last 25 years. The mine closed due to technical problems within two years. This has initiated divergent views between local communities and the mine owner (BHP). Through consultative process over time both social and environmental conditions changed.,No,No,Yes,"Beenup case study is considered to be the first case of natural capital accounting for mining sector. Through the development of NCA, this case study provides foundations for the methodological innovations in developing NCA for mine sites.",It is not an unsuccessful attempt.,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,"Initially creation of the mine site (excavation), but later turning them into wetlands",not applicable,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, Pre-emptive action, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,consideration of views and values of local communities.,"Changes in primary sector, Financial flows, Local community coordination",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures",,not applicable,This is a pioneering example. Future endeavours will help to develop alternative ways of doing things as knowledge develops over time.,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Janita Gurung,janitagurung@gmail.com,CLA,Transformative Change,ICIMOD,0000-0003-1053-4412,"Circular and Ecological Economy, Japan",https://www.env.go.jp/content/000175165.pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","A self-reliant and decentralized society wherein each local community solves its own challenges self-reliantly through continuous creation of enterprises using local resources and improving the environment, economy, and the society (""local SDGs enterprises""), while making best use of its unique characteristics to network with other communities and help each other. (Source: White Paper of Japan)",It engages local communities as actors to bring about change through their systems,Asia,Japan,Various,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Academia,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,I don´t know,City,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,NA,NA,NA,Yes,Engages local communities and private sector to make changes in the way they work,NA,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Other",No,,,I don´t know,Yes,That resources are not infinite and hence we need to live sustainably,"Values, Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Janita Gurung; TCA technical support unit,janitagurung@gmail.com; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,CLA,Transformative Change,ICIMOD,0000-0003-1053-44120000-0003-1053-4412,A community comes together to save a life-giving forest,https://news.mongabay.com/2022/05/in-bangladesh-a-community-comes-together-to-save-a-life-giving-forest/;  https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=21082,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Local communities worked to conserve their once-rich forests especially to secure their water sources and other forest resources,"This demonstrates how local communities made deliberate changes to reverse the trend of deforestation by banning hunting, providing alternative livelihoods to forest destroyers, and instilling a sense of ownership of their forests",Asia,Bangladesh,Chittagong Hill Tracts,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Other,Community-raised funds,1990-2000,Yes,NA,Decades,,"Foresty, Water",,Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests,Community,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I do not know,Not that I know of,I don't think so,Yes,Local communities changed the way they treated their forest by reducing logging and instead protecting and guarding their forest,NA,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"Communities established a common forest protection committee that both contributed to forest restoration and conservation, and setting up a revolving loan fund that helped communities with livelihoods improvement",Not applicable,Incentives and capacity building,Yes,It changed the way in which communities viewed their forest from one that they could unsustainably extract from into a thriving living forest that saved their water sources,Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,Not applicable,Recent conflict in the area may have hindered the initiative: https://thediplomat.com/2024/09/clashes-erupt-in-bangladeshs-chittagong-hill-tracts/,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Janita Gurung,janitagurung@gmail.com,CLA,Transformative Change,ICIMOD,0000-0003-1053-44120000-0003-1053-4412,Agroecology of knowledges through participatory maize breeding,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.07.012,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Peasant movements organize an agroecology of knowledges to improve agricultural science and rebuild collective identities and reclaim autonomy,It is a counter-hegemonic engagement with modern agronomic science,Europe,France,not known,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Other,I don't know,1980-1990,Yes,ongoing,Decades,,Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,Not known,Not known,Not known,Yes,It engaged farmers through agroecological principles,None,Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation,No information available to me,,,I don´t know,No information available to me,,I don´t know,,"Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Nego,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Climate resilience through agroecological practices  ,https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00006-3,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","With the assistance of 19 NGOs and 45 teams of farmers and technicians, 833 farmers measured key agroecological indicators on 880 paired plots under the same topographic conditions in Nicaragua. These paired observations covered 181 smallholder communities from the south to the north of Nicaragua. The motivation behind these observations was to aid in the agricultural recovery after Hurricane Mitch and to assess if Movimiento Campesino a Campesino farms were progressing towards higher levels of sustainability. Participants believed it was crucial to rebuild agriculture in a participatory and sustainable manner and that the study could help define and identify local capacities.","At the time of the study, there was a pressing need for researchers and farmers to identify practices that were moving away from sustainability and validate those that were moving towards more sustainable systems. However, due to economic constraints, few participatory approaches attempted to assess the real impact of alternative practices. Developing reliable indicators of sustainability for interested farmers has been a key concern in monitoring the impact of sustainable land management systems. In October 1998, Hurricane Mitch, one of the five strongest hurricanes of the 20th century in the Caribbean, hit Central America, causing at least US$ 6.7 billion in damage to infrastructure and industry. This extreme ecological disruption provided Movimiento Campesino a Campesino with the opportunity to evaluate a decade of practices. The study revealed that biodiverse agroecological farms, including agroforestry, contour farming, and cover cropping, retained 20–40 percent more topsoil, suffered less erosion, and experienced lower economic losses than neighboring farms practicing conventional monocultures, allowing them to recover faster. ",America,Nicaragua,Pacific region of Nicaragua,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,No,1999,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Regional within country,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not that I'm aware of,Not that I'm aware of,Not that I'm aware of,Yes,The study used basic agroecological indicators to compare the resilience levels of 'sustainable' farms with neighboring 'conventional' farms (without such practices) in a large storm-affected area. The farming practices commonly found in Movimiento Campesino a Campesino include a wide range of soil conservation and agroecological management practices that have been tested and promoted by smallholder farmers in Central America for more than 20 years. The observation and measurement methods used in the study were a combination of simple field techniques commonly used by farmers and methods for agroecological assessment used to teach agroecology.,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,"At first, around 30 NGOs were invited to take part in the study. Following a presentation of the idea and basic concepts at a general meeting, 19 NGOs agreed to participate. Researchers then met with NGO technicians to develop a unique set of field methods and select research areas. Each technician chose two promoters to form a three-person field research team. Each NGO formed between one and five teams of farmers and technicians. Forty-five teams of farmers and technicians underwent training in potential research areas during on-farm workshops.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"This research was driven by the intention to assist in the agricultural recovery efforts following Hurricane Mitch. The participants believed that it was crucial to reconstruct Nicaragua's agriculture collaboratively and sustainably and that the study could aid in defining and identifying local capabilities. Considering the frequent occurrence of natural disasters in Central America, collaborative and sustainable reconstruction should be a top priority for relief and development endeavors. The findings validate the existence of promising methods and human resources for this purpose.","Values, Other",Natural disasters,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Financial insecurity, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Devecitech,https://devecitech.com/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",We are bringing you to the smart and renewable cities of the future. ,"ENLİL is a smart vertical axis wind turbine project that transforms highways into renewable energy sources by using the dynamics of the city. It also provides comfort and safety to the city thanks to the build-in sensors and an intelligent platform. By placing the hybrid vertical axis wind turbine (including a solar panel on top of it) on highways, ‘’Metrobus-lines’’ and other transportation lines as well as high-rise residences , ENLIL will generate energy by using the winds created by the vehicles aswell as the natural winds. It will also measure the city’s temperature, humidity, wind and CO2 by using the the build-in sensors and the IOT platform. The measurements made by ENLIL will be used on the carbon footprint map to provide the comfort of the city and it will also contribute to the safety of the city by providing information to possible earthquakes in Istanbul with the earthquake monitoring station.",Europe,Netherlands,Netherlands,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Energy,,Urban/Semi-urban,City,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,ENLİL is a smart vertical axis wind turbine project that transforms highways into renewable energy sources by using the dynamics of the city. It also provides comfort and safety to the city thanks to the build-in sensors and an intelligent platform.,,"Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"By placing the hybrid vertical axis wind turbine (including a solar panel on top of it) on highways, ‘’Metrobus-lines’’ and other transportation lines as well as high-rise residences , ENLIL will generate energy by using the winds created by the vehicles as well as the natural winds.It will also measure the city’s temperature, humidity, wind and CO2 by using the the build-in sensors and the IOT platform.  The measurements made by ENLIL will be used on the carbon footprint map to provide the comfort of the city and it will also contribute to the safety of the city by providing information to  possible earthquakes in Istanbul with the earthquake monitoring station.  A",No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,It provides a new way of using wind to generate energy ,"Values, Changes in primary sector",,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,No,"This is an example with transformative potential related to the energy sector.
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,The Coalition for Digital Environmental Sustainability,https://www.codes.global/about-us,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Digitalization has the potential to help transform society and business models to a more sustainable and equitable world but only if there is a conscious and deliberate effort to steer it in that direction. This Action Plan offers a vision on three systemic shifts needed to achieve this goal together with a set of 9 Impact Initiatives to spark immediate collective action and multi-stakeholder collaboration.,"Digitalization can be harnessed—and redirected—as a force for sustainable development. To get there will require three major “shifts” from business-as-usual. An assessment in 2020 found 70 per cent of 169 targets base-lining the world’s sustainability goals can be positively influenced using digital technology applications. This requires facilitating collective action that can lead to systemic transformation and to removal of barriers and perverse incentives that undermine the adoption or scaling of digital technologies for sustainability.

To date, CODES is the only entity of its scale and credibility to undertake and progress this mandate, and is uniquely positioned to facilitate this work. CODES offers an inclusive trans-national platform backed by the impartiality of the UN, where key global stakeholders across governments, private sector, academia, and civil society convene and align to forge the collective action needed to make digitalization itself sustainable and to harness digital innovations for sustainability. https://sustainabilitydigitalage.org/featured/codes-action-plan-for-a-sustainable-planet-in-the-digital-age/",Global,Canada,Montreal,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,,Promoter,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance, Industry",,Other,Global,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes," CODES aims to steer the use of digital technologies toward accelerating environmentally and socially sustainable development. Over the last year, CODES has grown into a community of over a 1000 individuals and organizations that have worked to co-create an “Action Plan for a Sustainable Planet in the Digital Age”. The CODES Action Plan offers a clear vision on #DigitalSustainability and a set of nine catalytic Impact Initiatives that will spark systems-level transformational change to integrate environmental sustainability as a key value and outcome of the digital revolution.",No,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Other",Yes,"The Coalition for Digital Environmental Sustainability (CODES), is an international multi-stakeholder
alliance created in March 2021 in response to the UN Secretary General’s Roadmap for Digital
Cooperation. CODES’ purpose is to advance digital sustainability, understood as the design,
development, deployment and regulation of digital technologies to accelerate environmentally and
socially sustainable development while mitigating risks and unintended consequences.2
 CODES is
specifically striving to reorient and prioritize the application of digital technologies to meet the 2030
sustainable development agenda and to achieve the multiple global environmental agreements
that have been adopted by UN Member States. The founding co-champions of CODES include the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP),
the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the International Science Council, the German
Environment Agency, the Kenya Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Future Earth, and Sustainability
in the Digital Age. The co-champions act as the Secretariat for CODES in close coordination and
cooperation with the Office of the Secretary General’s Envoy on Technology.",,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,,Other,Digitalization,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,No,This is an example of a transformative potential of an initiative related to technology,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Nuru,https://nuruinternational.org/why-nuru/our-history/,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","A world without cycles of unjust poverty where resilience and hope are cultivated in the most marginalized communities.

","
Nuru creates and connect organizations that cultivate community-led, independent agribusinesses in fragile, conflict-impacted communities. They equip these communities to capitalize on their collective strengths and opportunities through approaches that achieve lasting hope. They are committed to building resilience by helping communities unlock their economic potential and journey from extreme poverty to prosperity.Since 2008, they have built local organizations that create sustainable agribusinesses, equipping communities to build their resilience and track toward prosperity. Nuru has been addressing extreme poverty at its roots since day one. Through the generosity of Nuru donors, Nuru has scaled its efforts to reach over 320,000 people through 294 agribusinesses in five countries in Africa.

",Africa,"Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria.","Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria.",Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Water, Health, Energy, Services, Finance",,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The Nuru Model is a locally-led, market-based approach to rural poverty alleviation. Nuru focuses on smallholder farmer entrepreneurs in areas highly vulnerable to food insecurity, instability, and climate change. They customize and tailor our livelihood and agribusiness strategies to increase food production and economic potential, ensuring lasting impact for generations.",,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"They create and connect organizations that cultivate community-led, independent agribusinesses in fragile, conflict-impacted communities. They equip these communities to capitalize on their collective strengths and opportunities through approaches that achieve lasting hope. ",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,They are committed to building resilience by helping communities unlock their economic potential and journey from extreme poverty to prosperity.,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism, Financial insecurity, Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,No,"This is an example of a transformative potential of an initiative related to poverty and women in Africa
","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Global Artificial Intelligence Ethics and Governance Observatory,https://www.unesco.org/ethics-ai/en,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","A platform for knowledge, expert insights, and good practices on the ethics and governance of artificial intelligence
","The aim of the Observatory is to provide a global resource for policymakers, regulators, academics, the private sector and civil society to find solutions to the most pressing challenges posed by Artificial Intelligence. The Observatory showcases information about the readiness of countries to adopt AI ethically and responsibly. It also hosts the AI Ethics and Governance Lab, which gathers contributions, impactful research, toolkits and good practices across a range of issues related to AI ethics, governance, responsible innovation, standards, institutional capacities, generative AI, and neurotechnologies. With its unique mandate, UNESCO has led the international effort to ensure that science and technology develop with strong ethical guardrails for decades. UNESCO’s work on AI ethics and governance stems from the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, which was adopted by 193 countries in 2021. 

Be it on genetic research, climate change, or scientific research, UNESCO has delivered global standards to maximize the benefits of the scientific discoveries, while minimizing the downside risks, ensuring they contribute to a more inclusive, sustainable, and peaceful world. It has also identified frontier challenges in areas such as the ethics of neurotechnology, on climate engineering, and the internet of things.

",Global,USA,New York,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Public sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Other,Technology,Other,Global,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"The Observatory showcases information about the readiness of countries to adopt AI ethically and responsibly. It also hosts the AI Ethics and Governance Lab, which gathers contributions, impactful research, toolkits and good practices across a range of issues related to AI ethics, governance, responsible innovation, standards, institutional capacities, generative AI, and neurotechnologies The Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM) is a key tool to support Member States in their implementation of the UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI. By providing detailed and comprehensive insights into different dimensions of AI readiness, it helps highlight any institutional and regulatory gaps and enables UNESCO to tailor support for governments to fill those gaps, in order to ensure an ethical AI ecosystem in line with the Recommendation. ",,"Promoting adaptive governance and management, Other",Yes,"The Recommendation mandated UNESCO to produce tools to assist Member States, including the Readiness Assessment Methodology, a tool for governments to build a comprehensive picture of how prepared they are to implement AI ethically and responsibly for all their citizens.

",No,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,"Getting AI governance right is one of the most consequential challenges of our time, calling for mutual learning based on the lessons and good practices emerging from the different jurisdictions around the world.The rapid rise in artificial intelligence (AI) has created many opportunities globally, from facilitating healthcare diagnoses to enabling human connections through social media and creating labour efficiencies through automated tasks.

However, these rapid changes also raise profound ethical concerns. These arise from the potential AI systems have to embed biases, contribute to climate degradation, threaten human rights and more. Such risks associated with AI have already begun to compound on top of existing inequalities, resulting in further harm to already marginalised groups.

",Other,Technology,Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies,,No,This is an example of a transformative potential of an initiative related to technologies and ethics,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Miles Richardson,m.richardson@derby.ac.uk,LA,Transformative Change,University of Derby,0000-0002-7223-7053,Green Minds,https://greenmindsplymouth.com/; https://greenmindsplymouth.com/knowledge-hub/resources/progress-report-2022; https://www.plymouth.gov.uk/green-minds,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","Green Minds aims to put nature at the heart of our decision making and inspire a new wave of citywide investment in nature based solutions.

This means fundamentally challenging our existing attitudes and behaviours towards nature: how we think about it; how we engage with it; how we work with it.

Working in partnership Green Minds will

Inspire people to connect with nature through delivering rewilding and nature-based projects on the ground that increase habitats and species diversity
Experiment with different delivery and management approaches that support community stewardship and green enterprise, creating ‘green mindsets’
Use science and creative digital tools to make nature visible and exciting
Evaluate our impact and communicate what we learn in innovative and creative ways",Incorporates a systems approach and transformation change theory in the form of the pathway to nature connectedness.,Europe,United Kingdom,Devon,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,Opción 9,Yes,n/a,Years,,Other,Local Government,Urban/Semi-urban,City,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,Yes,Systems approach and pathways to nature connectedness,,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,See report https://greenmindsplymouth.com/knowledge-hub/resources/progress-report-2022,,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,Uses pathways to nature connectedness,Values,,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Affects and emotions and how they interact with cognitive views have been neglected in relation to social and environmental transformative change processes, Policy-related challenges",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Sebastian Villasante,sebastian.villasante@usc.es,CLA,Transformative Change,University of Santiago de Compostela,0000-0001-6296-4479,Vaxa Technologies,https://www.vaxa.life/technology; https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/remove-carbon-emissions,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","We’re revolutionizing the production of sustainable food and nutrition


","Vaxa Technologies has developed a patented technology for the sustainable indoor cultivation of microalgae for production of omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and colorants. The companys process is designed to improve yield while reducing production costs, resulting in top-quality food ingredients with outstanding organoleptic and functional properties for an exceptional user experience.
Vaxa technologies uses carbon emissions from the Hellisheid power plant in Iceland to help grow microalgae for use as food or supplements. Aquaculture that abosorbs CO2 could be a significant step toward decreasing the enormous carbon footprint of food production. ",Europe,Iceland,Iceland,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,Promoter,Opponent/resistant,,,Private sector,,2010-2023,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,"Fisheries, Energy, Other",Algae,Other,City,More than 1000,None,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,No change,No change,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,Not available to me,Not available to me,Not available to me,Yes,"Vaxa Technologies has developed a patented technology for the sustainable indoor cultivation of microalgae for production of omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and colorants. The companys process is designed to improve yield while reducing production costs, resulting in top-quality food ingredients with outstanding organoleptic and functional properties for an exceptional user experience.
",,"Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Promoting sustainable governance and management of seascapes, oceans and marine systems, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production, Improving the sustainability of economic and financial systems",Yes,"They provide hatcheries and fisheries with a year-round supply of fresh, live microalgae that provides higher yields, improves juvenile immune systems, and boosts Omega-3.They also create a new category of protein-rich and Omega-3 products for people, including nutrition supplements, natural colorants, and protein drop-ins for meat substitutes.

",No,Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty,Yes,"The technology platform is specially designed to leverage the clean, natural outputs of a geothermal plant in Iceland, allowing us to grow microalgae indoors, completely independent of the weather conditions outside. They are creating a new category of protein-rich and Omega-3 products for people, including nutrition supplements, natural colorants, and protein drop-ins for meat substitutes.

","Values, Structural transition",,"Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,No,This is an example with transformative potential for food and climate change,I remain neutral,,,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Nego,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Recycling and controlling pests through polycultures,"Xie, J., Hu, L., Tang, J., Wu, X., Li, N., Yuan, Y., ... & Chen, X. (2011). Ecological mechanisms underlying the sustainability of the agricultural heritage rice–fish coculture system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(50), E1381-E1387.","Yes, and the vision is explicit","The Food and Agriculture Organization, the United Nations Development Program, and the Global Environment Facility have created a program called ""Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems"" (GIAHS) to preserve traditional farming methods. One of these systems is the rice-fish co-cropping system, which has been practiced by farmers in the southern province of Zhejiang, China for over 1,200 years. This study aimed to evaluate the ecosystem stability of the rice-fish system and how it is maintained, assuming that it results from mutually beneficial relationships between rice and fish. The study took place at the GIAHS pilot site of the rice-fish system in China.","The heavy use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides over extended periods can harm the environment. Modern agriculture needs to reconsider traditional farming systems, which have historically contributed to global food and livelihood security. These systems reflect successful adaptation to various environments and are rich in biodiversity. However, many traditional farming methods are disappearing. Rice-fish co-culture is seen as a sustainable form of agriculture because it maximizes the benefits of limited land and water resources while using fewer chemical inputs. It also produces carbohydrate and protein products and conserves biodiversity. Although the value of rice-fish co-culture has been recognized, the ecological mechanisms underlying the system have not been thoroughly studied. The findings of this work offer unique insights into how positive interactions and complementary resource use between species create emergent ecosystem properties. They also demonstrate how modern agricultural systems could be enhanced by leveraging synergies between species.",Asia,China,South Zhejiang Province,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2000-2010,No,2010,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries",,"Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",State,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,No change,Slight positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,No change,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,"The quantity and stability of rice yield in rice-fish co-culture were assessed by surveying farmers' fields in southern Zhejiang Province, China, in 31 randomly selected villages. The same fields were surveyed each year, and farming activities during the rice growing season were recorded in each field. These experiments documented that a mutually beneficial relationship develops between rice and fish in co-culture: fish reduce rice pests, and rice benefits fish by moderating the aquatic environment. This positive relationship between rice and fish reduces the need for pesticides.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably",Yes,"To preserve traditional farming systems, the Food and Agriculture Organisation, the United Nations Development Programme and the Global Environment Facility launched joint actions in 2005 (http://www.fao.org /nr/giahs/giahs-home/en/).",,"Cross-sectoral cooperation, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,This work recognizes that traditional farming systems have long contributed to food and livelihood security around the world and that their ecological legacy can help develop new sustainable agriculture.,"Values, Changes in primary sector, Concentrated production",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentrations of power associated with current dominant economic systems (capitalism), Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Nego,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Synergies through diversification and integration  ,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106358; https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851996738.0109,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Agroforestry systems that include deep rooting trees can capture nutrients lost beyond the roots of annual crops (Buresh et al. 2004), improve the soil water balance for crops and grasslands, and improve animal welfare. Globally, biological nitrogen fixation by pulses in intercropping systems or rotations generates close to USD 10 million savings in nitrogen fertilizers every year (FAO 2016) while contributing to soil health, climate change mitigation and adaptation. It has been shown that countries where there is greater crop diversity also support more agricultural employment (Garibaldi and Pérez-Méndez 2018).","Nitrogen fixation by deep-rooted plants can enhance soil nutrient cycling, biological productivity, and water quality by improving nutrient sequestration and reducing fertilizer costs. Perennial crops provide these benefits year-round, unlike annual crops, and diversifying fields helps prevent the accumulation of agricultural pests and diseases. Since various crops require different practices at different times of the year, this also creates job opportunities in diverse areas such as tourism and beekeeping.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,I don´t know,It is a conceptually explained change made up of different initiatives that have been underway for some time.,"Agriculture, Foresty",,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Global,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,Yes,"Agricultural diversification can include practices such as intercropping, crop rotation, fallow or cover crops.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",No information available to me,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation",Yes,"Agriculture occupies about half of the world's land area and employs a third of the world's labor force. Diversification can bring benefits not only in terms of job creation and optimizing resource use, but also in reducing the environmental impacts typically associated with conventional agriculture.","Values, Human capital, Changes in primary sector",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity",,,"It is important to conduct further research on the uptake of nutrients from the sides as well as from the top, and to explore the effects of various nutrients beyond just nitrogen. A comprehensive approach is needed to assess the impact of these practices on productivity and other social factors. Additionally, there should be a focus on developing policies that encourage agricultural diversity and the generation of rural employment.","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Nego,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Food system transitions: Unión Trabajadores de la Tierra,"Tittonell, P. (2023). A Systems Approach to Agroecology. Springer Nature.","Yes, and the vision is explicit","Agroecological transitions have the potential to transform the food system. One example is the Unión Trabajadores de la Tierra (UTT), a social movement in Argentina that emerged after the 2001 economic crisis. UTT, based in Buenos Aires, brings together rural workers from the interior and neighboring countries. It showcases a model of community-supported agriculture where producers actively participate in decision-making about their land, traditional knowledge is valued, and environmentally friendly agricultural practices are promoted. Currently, UTT has 412 points of sale in 20 provinces, with 40% of the producers owning small farms and 60% cultivating communal land around urban areas.","The initiative began as an innovation by social organizations without government intervention. It was based on trust, mutual relationships, and healthy food production. Its success, despite the country's politically unstable environment, demonstrates that creating strong and self-sufficient social movements, as well as training and learning, are key to generating such bottom-up initiatives. These initiatives are independent of the administrative structures that govern the norm. In a context of insecurity and unemployment in both rural and industrial sectors, the UTT has provided opportunities for people without property to access previously unused farmland for subsistence, small-scale market production, and the adoption of agroecological practices. The movement's benefits extend to the entire community, as the outlets that have emerged offer products at much lower prices than supermarkets. This is thanks in part to a business model that prioritizes producers in the distribution of profits.",America,Argentina,20 Argentine provinces,,Promoter,,,,,Promoter,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,2000-2010,Yes,Ongoing,Years,,Agriculture,,"Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,More than 1000,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,"The movement encompasses a variety of social initiatives aimed at integrating exchange markets and reclaiming abandoned or under-utilized land. The UTT focuses on capacity building and the development of agroecological practices, including minimal or no use of pesticides in production. The workers directly sell their products in different neighborhoods without involving intermediaries. Under this business model, 60% of the profits go to the producers, 20% to transport, and the remaining 20% to the organization.",,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",No,"The UTT, which currently represents approximately 70% of registered family farms in Argentina, initially focused on providing housing for landless families and negotiating access to land with local authorities. The movement operates as a self-contained system, providing guidelines for activities and interactions, while prioritizing autonomy from existing policies and not seeking government assistance.",,"Incentives and capacity building, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty",Yes,"The UTT, mobilized through political activism, currently comprises over 20,000 peasant families and is dedicated to ""producing healthy food for the poorest"".","Values, Human capital, Financial flows",,"Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Concentration of wealth, Financial insecurity",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Lucas Garibaldi,lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar,Co-chair,Transformative Change,Universidad Nacional de Río Nego,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-4049,Circularity through crop-livestock integration   ,https://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/scpi-home/managing-ecosystems/integrated-crop-livestock-systems/icls-how/en/,"Yes, and the vision is implicit","Nutrient cycling accounts for 51% of the economic value of all non-provisioning ecosystem services, and integrating livestock plays a large role in this crop–livestock systems as it promotes recycling of organic materials by using manure for composting or directly as fertilizer, and crop residues and by-products as livestock feed. About 15 % of the nitrogen applied to crops comes from livestock manure, highlighting synergies resulting from crop–livestock integration (FAO 2017).  ","The integration of crops and livestock is considered a step towards sustainable agricultural production by cycling organic matter and nutrients. Crop residues provide organic matter and nutrients suitable for livestock, which in turn offer a source of income and contribute to nutrient cycling and energy production. These integrated systems can enhance land use, lower livestock feeding costs, and lead to improvements in crop yields.",Global,Global,Global,,Promoter,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,None,,Opción 9,Yes,Ongoing,Years,"The case illustrates a concept (crop-livestock integration) rather than an initiative, so information on the starting year is not available.",Agriculture,,"Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.)",Community,I don't know,None,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,No change,I don't know,I don't know,,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,I don´t know,Large  positive effect,Large  positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,No change,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,,,,Yes,"Fallow land, intercropping (e.g., legumes), and crop rotation with animals are farming practices that help reduce soil erosion, provide forage for livestock, and harvest leached nutrients, among other benefits.",,"Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Producing and consuming food sustainably, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",No information available to me,"To ensure the long-term sustainability of these systems, external sources of nutrients will still be necessary, potentially requiring the development of infrastructure to promote sustainable land use.",,I don´t know,Yes,"These systems aim to enhance animal products and increase producer incomes by adding value to crop residues, especially legumes.","Values, Human capital",,Unsustainable production and consumption patterns,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Janita Gurung,janitagurung@gmail.com,CLA,Transformative Change,ICIMOD,0000-0003-1053-4412,EU Water Framework Directive,https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/water/water-framework-directive_en; https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CONSLEG:2000L0060:20011216:EN:PDF,"Yes, and the vision is implicit",Ensuring good qualitative and quantitative health and on ensuring that there is enough water to support wildlife at the same time as human needs,It uses a transboundary approach that brings many countries together to achieve a shared vision on water resource governance for wildlife and humans,Europe,European Union Member States,Nation-wide,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Intergovernmental organization (i.e. EU Parliament & Council),Public sector,,2000-2010,Yes,NA,Years,,"Agriculture, Fisheries, Water, Health, Energy, Industry",,I don´t know,Among countries,Over a million,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,Yes,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity",Yes,,,"International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",No information available to me,,I don´t know,,Policy-related challenges,,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Janita Gurung,janitagurung@gmail.com,CLA,Transformative Change,ICIMOD,0000-0003-1053-4412,The Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation,https://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/; chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://bhutantrustfund.bt/public/images/files/1705399753A%20Decade%20of%20Transforation%20(2010-2020).pdf,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Environmental conservation for Bhutan's prosperity,It is the world's first environmental trust fund that ensures sustainable long-term financing for nature,Asia,Bhutan,national,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Promoter,,,,,,Promoter,Trust Fund,"Third sector (e.g., NGOs, charities, social enterprises, voluntary & community organisations)",,1990-2000,Yes,NA,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Energy, Services, Industry",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater",Country,More than 1000,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,No change,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,No change,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,Yes,,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Integrating multiple uses for sustainable forests, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Improving freshwater management, protection and connectivity, Building sustainable cities that address critical needs while conserving nature, restoring biodiversity, maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services, Promoting sustainable energy and infrastructure projects and production",Yes,,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies",Yes,,"Values, Migration, Urbanization, Changes and tradeoffs within urbanization and industry",,"Misalignment between institutional arrangements and broader cultures, Policy-related challenges, Technological innovations/Lack of or limited access to clean technologies, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns, Current patterns in human movement and migration",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Janita Gurung,janitagurung@gmail.com,CLA,Transformative Change,ICIMOD,0000-0003-1053-4412,IPBES,https://www.ipbes.net/; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378021000406?casa_token=I8-XsQw0L6wAAAAA:TjhHUWcsypjlGVoeybC2-pQ3OR6lIRln-HHmf5ULAEWQogku9jpuLRIL-R0HTOF52aeTLJtg,"Yes, and the vision is explicit","A world where biodiversity is valued, protected, and sustainably managed for the benefit of both current and future generations, in a manner that promote equity, social inclusion, and informed decision-making",It brings scientists together at the global scale to provide credible scientific evidence and raise awareness on biodiversity loss and nature's decline so that this information has policy relevance.,Global,All,All,,,,Promoter,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,Both public and private sectors,,2010-2023,Yes,NA,Years,,"Agriculture, Foresty, Fisheries, Water, Energy",,"Tropical and subtropical dry and humid forests, Temperate and boreal forests and woodlands, Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub, Tundra and high mountain habitats, Tropical and subtropical savannas and grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Wetlands – fens, mires, bogs, Urban/Semi-urban, Cultivated areas (incl. cropping, intensive livestock farming, extensive grazing etc.), Permafrost/glacial habitats, Inland surface waters and water bodies/freshwater, Shelf ecosystems (neritic and intertidal/littoral zone), Open ocean pelagic systems (euphotic zone), High sea, Deep-Sea, Coastal areas intensively used for multiple purposes by humans, Marine areas (mangroves, coral reefs etc.)",Global,Over a million,None,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don´t know,I don't know,,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,,,,,Yes,,,"Promoting inclusive governance approaches through stakeholder engagement and the inclusion of indigenous peoples and local communities to ensure equity and participation, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes",Yes,,,"Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Laws/regulations and implementation of public policies, International instruments (e.g., conventions, UN resolutions, declarations, etc.)",Yes,,"Traditional technologies (Indigenous and local knowledge), Global coordination",,"Lack of coordination between knowledge and innovation stakeholders, including limited coordination and cooperation of researchers across disciplines",,,,"Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,
Karina Benessaiah; TCA technical support unit,kbenessa@uoguelph.ca; ipbes-tsu-transformative-change@umontpellier.fr,LA,Transformative Change,University of Guelph,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9959-554X,Patagonia shift to not for profit company and its role in changing supply chains,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.108076; https://www.bcorporation.net/en-us/find-a-b-corp/company/patagonia-inc/; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.182,"Yes, and the vision is explicit",Company shifted it's purpose in 2018 explicitly stating that the planet is it's shareholder. Shifting it's profit for environmental protection,Example how a large company shifted it's governance to ensure that social and environmental goals - including sustainable supply chains- would be maintained. Shift from for profit model to non profil model. US (not for profit) company that operates in several countries (stores and factories),Global,Global,Global,Promoter,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Promoter,,,,,Private sector,,1973,Yes,Ongoing,Decades,Existed since 1973 but gradually changed its governance model. Became a B-corp and then in 2018 became a Purpose Trust - where profits are invested to protect nature. Have projects in partnerships with indigenous communities and plays a role in circular economy,Other,Conservation; Changing production and consumption,I don´t know,Global,Over a million,I don't know,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Large positive effect,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,,I don't know,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don´t know,Large positive effect,I don't know,,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,I don't know,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,Large positive effect,I don't know,Large positive effect,I don't know,Slight positive effect,Slight positive effect,I don't know,,I don't know,"Yes, Patagonia invested in many projects to support indigenous and local communities",I don't know,Yes,Support changes in supply chains; supports recycling and reusing,,"Enabling integrative governance to ensure policy coherence and effectiveness, Practicing informed governance for nature and nature’s contributions to people, Promoting adaptive governance and management, Conserving, effectively managing and sustainably using terrestrial landscapes, Producing textiles sustainabiy",Yes,Shifted its governance and funding structure,,"Incentives and capacity building, Cross-sectoral cooperation, Decision making in the context of resilience and uncertainty, Other",Yes,Change consumer's perspectives; change private sector perspectives,"Values, Changes in private sector, Financial flows",,"Power inequalities and associated dominant values of materialism,Views of biodiversity as separate from humans and as such, to be controlled, managed and exploited, Unsustainable production and consumption patterns",,,"This is a global example with transformative potential related to the financial sector. However, there have been poor working conditions in fa actory in Sri Lanka for some of the brand's clothing. Patagonia is still extracting value from nature and transforming it into wealth and citizens are misled into thinking that more sales will save the planet: https://blog.bio-ressources.com/2023/08/11/patagonia-a-not-so-ethical-brand/
https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2022/10/4/patagonias-profitable-philanthropist-cant-fix-the-planet","Yes, I want such an example to motivate others",,,