The KXR Framework: Instructional Design for Transformative and Accessible Extended Reality Learning

The KonnectXR (KXR) Instructional Design Framework offers a comprehensive, evidence-based approach to designing transformative and accessible Extended Reality (XR)-based training programs. Developed through a National Science Foundation-funded initiative, the framework integrates andragogical principles with established instructional models - Backward Design and ADDIE - to support immersive, outcome-driven learning. It emphasizes XR’s unique affordances across 360° media, AR, MR, and VR, aligning these with adult learning theories such as experiential, situated, collaborative learning, and Universal Design for Learning (UDL). Tailored for technical education, the KXR Framework offers practical, platform-agnostic guidance for aligning technology, pedagogy, and curriculum design to support accessibility, engagement, and real-world skill development, while remaining broadly applicable across a wide range of disciplines.