Zodarion modestum
Authors/Creators
Description
Zodarion modestum (Simon)
(Figures 17, 24G–I, 25N, 26N, 27K)
Enyo modesta Simon, 1870: 145 (♂).
Zodarion modestum – Denis 1937: 32, pl. 6, figs 47–48 (♂). – Bosmans 1994: 136, figs 79– 80, 131–132 (♂ ♀).
Examined type material
Lectotype (♂) and paralectotype (♂): UNITED KINGDOM (IBERIA): Gibraltar; MNHN-AR1519, MNHN-AR1520.
Other material examined
SPAIN: 1 ♂; Zahara de los Atunes, Cádiz; 10 m a.s.l.; 9 April 1974; J. Murphy and F. Murphy leg.; wooded hillside; CJFM-677, G7572.686. 1 ♀; idem; 0 m a.s.l.; 14 April 1974; J. Murphy and F. Murphy leg.; sand dunes; CJFM-677, G7572.686. 2 ♀, 1 juv.; labelled as ‘ Málaga, Maro’; 100 m a.s.l.; May – April 1987; J. Murphy and F. Murphy leg.; stones, litter; CJFM-14343, G7572.14989. 1 ♂, 2 ♀; labelled as ‘Málaga, Frigiliana’; 20 m a.s.l.; 20 April 1987; J. Murphy and F. Murphy leg.; stones, litter; CJFM-14558, G7572.12808. 1 ♀; labelled as ‘Granada, Cádiz’; MNHN-AR1522. 3 ♂, 5 juv.; Rio Maitena, Granada; 28 May 2012; S. Pekár and S. Korenko leg.; CMU. 2 ♀, 1 juv.; Facinas, Cádiz; 36.145°N, 5.702°W; 2 December 2021; D. Ortiz and A. Avila leg.; urban grassland; CMU. 1 ♂; around pond of Western outskirt of Mont-Ras, Girona; 41.915°N, 3.141°W; 23 December 2021; D. Ortiz leg.; CMU. 4 ♂, 2 ♀; Casares, Málaga; 36.446°N, 5.279°W; 2 May 2024, S. Pekár and S. Shafaie leg.; CMU.
Diagnosis
Males of Z. modestum can be distinguished from the closely related Z. isabellinum by the absence of an embolar base (vs present; compare Figure 24H and Figure 24B) and the gradually narrowing embolus (vs a more slender embolus; compare Figure 24H and Figure 24B), while females can be distinguished by a sub-trapezoidal epigynal plate with a longitudinal, midline suture (vs epigynal plate sub-rectangular, with a longitudinal, concave median septum; compare Figures 25N, 27K and Figures 25L, 27I).
Description
For a detailed description of the habitus and male palp, refer to Bosmans (1994). Epigyne. (Figure 27K) Sub-trapezoidal epigynal plate, with a longitudinal, midline suture posteriorly. Epigynal plate edges sinuous in shape.
Molecular data
COI mitochondrial barcodes (GenBank accession): PQ119991, PQ119992.
Maximum intraspecific COI divergence (2): 6.4%. Minimum interspecific divergence (to Z. isabellinum): 6.3%. Consensus COI distance to the closest species (Z. isabellinum): 3.4%.
Distribution
Spain, United Kingdom (Gibraltar).
Notes
Files
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- A
- Event date
- 2012-05-28 , 2021-12-02 , 2021-12-23 , 2024-05-02
- Verbatim event date
- 2012-05-28 , 2021-12-02 , 2021-12-23 , 2024-05-02
- Scientific name authorship
- Simon
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Order
- Araneae
- Family
- Zodariidae
- Genus
- Zodarion
- Species
- modestum
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- lectotype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Zodarion modestum (Simon, 1870) sec. Shafaie, Pekár & Ortiz, 2025
References
- Simon E. 1870. Sur les araneides de la famille des Enydes: qui habitent l'Espagne et le Maroc. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquee, Series. 2 (22): 51-54 + 97 - 103 + 142 - 148.
- Denis J. 1937. Contribution a l'etude des araignees du genre Zodarion Walckenaer. Festschrift Embrik Strand. 3: 1-50.
- Bosmans R. 1994. Revision of the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1833 in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic islands (Araneae, Zodariidae). Eos. 69: 115-142.
- Bosmans R, Pantini P, Loverre O, Addante R. 2019. New species and new records of ant-eating spiders from Mediterranean Europe (Araneae: Zodariidae). Arachnol Mitt. 57: 8-20. doi: 10.30963 / aramit 5703.
- Canestrini G. 1868. Nuove aracnidi italiani. Annuario della Societa dei Naturalisti in Modena. 3: 190-206.