Table 1. ANCOVA of intracolumnar profile shape predicted by ecological groups (ecology) with heart position as a covariate (f1 = intracolumnar profile ~ heart position * ecology). Where intracolumnar profile is the x,y coordinates of vertebra position and cumulative relative size as seen in Figure 3. Degrees of freedom (d.f.), sum of squares (SS), mean square (MS), coefficient of determination (R ²), test statistic (F), effect size (Z), and P -value based upon the F statistic (Pr) for each factor are provided

	d.f.	SS	MS	R 2	F	Z	Pr
(f1 = intracolumnar profile ~ heart position * ecology). Where intracolumnar profile is the x,y coordinates of vertebra position and cumulative relative size as seen in Figure 3. Degrees of freedom (d.f.), sum of squares (SS), mean square (MS), coefficient of determination (R 2), test statistic (F), effect size (Z), and P -value based upon the F statistic (Pr) for each factor are provided
Heart position	1	1825.858	1825.858	0.016972	0.670 818	0.264 306	0.412
Ecology	1	14 155.92	14 155.92	0.131 583	5.20 087	1.80 986	0.024
Heart position: ecology	1	15 388.28	15 388.28	0.143 038	5.653 638	1.779 306	0.032
Residuals	28	76 211.41	2721.836	0.708 407
Total	31	107 581.5