Table 1. Summary of the main taxonomic proposals for early SANUs (‘condylarths’), Litopterna, and Notopterna. Abbreviations: SF, Superfamily; SO, Suborder
Ameghino (1889) Lydekker (1893) Ameghino (1904a) Ameghino (1906) Schlosser (1911) Scott (1913)
aGelfo et al. (2016) argued that Protolipternidae may be a junior synonym of Didolodontidae,which in turn may be a form of bunodont litoptern.
Ungulata Order Ungulata Order Condylarthra Order Condylarthra Order Ungulata Order Litopterna
Perissodactyla SO Litopterna Fam. Phenacodontidae Fam. Pantostylopidae SO Litopterna Fam. Macraucheniidae
Order Litopterna Fam. Macraucheniidae Fam. Periptychidae Fam. Phenacodontidae Fam. Bunolitopternidae Fam. Proterotheriidae
Fam. Macraucheniidae Fam. Proterotheriidae Fam. Pantolambdidae Fam. Catathleidae Fam. Macraucheniidae Fam. Didolodidae
Fam. Proterotheriidae Fam. Pantostylopidae Fam. Pantolambdidae Fam. Proterotheriidae
Fam. Homalodontotheriidae Order Perissodactyla Fam. Arctocyonidae Fam. Adianthidae
Fam. Macrauchenidae Order Perissodactyla
Subfam. Theosodontinae Fam. Hyracotheriidae
Subfam. Macraucheninae Fam. Palaeotheriidae
Fam. Adiantidae Fam. Macraucheniidae
Fam. Proterotheriidae Fam. Proterotheriidae
Fam. Hyracotheriidae Fam. Adiantidae
Fam. Lophiodontidae
Simpson (1945) Cifelli (1983a) McKenna and Bell (1997) Soria (1989a, 2001) Muizon and Cifelli (2000) Gelfo et al. (2016)
Order Condylartha Order Condylarthra Order Condylarthra Order Condylarthra Order Panameriungulata Panperissodactyla
Fam. Didolodontidae SF Didolodontoidea Fam. Didolodontidae Fam. Didolodontidae Fam. Mioclaenidae Order Panameriungulata
Order Litopterna Fam. Didolodontidae Order Litopterna Order Litopterna Subfam. Kollpaniinae Subfam. Kollpaniinae
Fam. Macraucheniidae Fam. Sparnotheriodontidae Fam. Protolipternidae SO Eolitopterna Fam. Didolodontidae Fam. Didolodontidae?a
Subfam. Macraucheniinae Order Litopterna SF Macrauchenoidea Fam. Anisolambdidae SO Litopterna Order Litopterna
Subfam. Adianthinae Fam. Protolipternidae Fam. Macraucheniidae Fam. Sparnotheriodontidae Fam. Protolipternidae Fam. Didolodontidae? (=
Fam. Proterotheriidae SO Lopholipterna Subfam. Sparnotheriodontinae SO Lopholipterna Fam. Macrauchenidae Protolipternidae)a
Subfam. Polymorphinae SF Macrauchenoidea Subfam. Polymorphinae Fam. Macraucheniidae Fam. Adianthidae Fam. Protolipternidae
Subfam. Proterotheriinae Fam. Macraucheniidae Subfam. Cramaucheniinae Subfam. Macraucheniinae Fam. Proterotheriidae Fam. Anisolambdidae
Subfam. Polymorphinae Subfam. Macraucheniinae Subfam. Cramaucheniinae Fam. Notonychopidae Fam. Sparnotheriodontidae
Subfam. Cramaucheniinae Fam. Notonychopidae Fam. Proterotheriidae Fam. Macraucheniidae
Subfam. Macraucheniinae Fam. Adianthidae Fam. Adianthidae Fam. Proterotheriidae
Fam. Adianthidae Subfam. Indaleciinae Order Notopterna Fam. Adianthidae
SF Proterotherioidea Subfam. Adianthinae Fam. Amilnedwarsiidae Fam. Notonychopidae
Fam. Proterotheriidae SF Proterotherioidea Fam. Indaleciidae
Subfam. Anisolambdinae Fam. Proterotheriidae Fam. Notonychopidae
Subfam. Proterotheriinae Subfam. Anisolambdinae
Subfam. Proterotheriinae