Table 3. A comparison of characters of A. tortuosus sp. nov., A. carnosus, A. corticis, A. homosetus, A. exiguus aquilonius, and A. stricosus.
Characteristics A. tortuosus sp. nov. A. carnosus A. corticis A. homosetus A. exiguus aquilonius A. stricosus
Body length (mm) 55-86 110-340 45-170 116 39-63 72-97
Body width (mm) 2.5-2.8 4.0-9.0 3.0-6.0 5.2 1.9-2.6 2-2.8
Pigment
dorsum Purple brown before clitellum, light purple brown after Dark brown or purple Greenish brown Dark chocolate on anterior, grey on other parts Dark reddish brown No pigment
ventrum Light purple brown before clitellum, no after Dark brown or purple No Grey Light gray on ventrum No pogment
First dorsal pore 13/14 12/13 10/11 or 12/13, usually at 11/12 12/13 6/7 11/12 or 12/13
Clitellum locality XIV–XVI XIV–XVI XIV–XVI, occasionally shorter XIV–XVI XIV–XVI XIV–XVI
Setal formula AA=1.2-2.0AB, ZZ=1.4-2.0ZY -
Spermathecal pores 4 pairs, in 5/6-8/9, 0.25C 4 pairs in 5/6-8/9 or 3 pairs in 6/7-8/9, 0.33C 4 pairs, 5/6-8/9, 0.33C 4 pairs, in 5/6-8/9, 0.25C 4 pairs, 5/6-8/9, ventral, 0.45C 4 pairs, 5/6-8/9, 0.40C
Male pores Middle, round, surrounded by 3-4 rhombic ridges, 0.25C Round or elliptic Small, circular to transverse elliptical di sc,0.24-0.30C Roundish glandular area, about 1.5mm in diameter, 0.25C Round, smooth, slightly elevated with a male aperture inconspicuous on lateral concave area, 0.23-0.30C on a coniform glandular disc surrounded by a round pad, 0.33C
Papillae preclitellum Four pairs of postsetal genital papillae in VI–IX 8 papillae just overhead 8 spermathecal pores, 2 pairs preclitellar arranged on VIII and IX Paired presetal and/or postsetal in some or all, near spermathecal pores Invisible presetal and postsetal, widely paired in 7, 8 and 9, number highly variable Invisible
Papillae postclitellum 2 presetal crescent indented-topped genital papilla medial of male pores 2 paired presetal genital on XVIII and IX, 1 pair postsetal genital on XVIII Present or absent, occasionally one or more near male pore Invisible presetal and postsetal, widely paired in XVII, XVIII and XIX, number highly variable postsetal, single or paired in XVII, XIX and XX
Prostate glands XVII–XXII Well developed XVII–XX, rudimentary or absent XVI–XXI XVI–XX, wrinkled XVI–XX, coarsely lobate
Spermathecae About 2.4mm long, ampulla slender heart-shaped; duct short Ampulla oval or pear-shaped, duct equal to or slightly shorter than ampulla Ampulla ovoid - Ampulla peach-shaped, stalk straight, much shorter than ampulla About 1.6mm long; ampulla heart-shaped, gradually slender duct as long as ampulla
Diverticulum About 2.0mm long, terminal 4/5, swollen, S-shaped twisted seminal chamber One-third to half of ampulla, slender stalk and a wider seminal chamber Blunt ovioid, straight stalk Shorter, seminal chamber ovoid and whitish Shorter, seminal chamber rudimentary or absent, straight or slightly bent As long as main spermathecal axis, slender, terminal 0.4 dilated into a band shaped chamber
Accessory glands 1 stalked accessory gland observed near the ental part of each spermatheca - Stalked, coelomic, bound down to parietes or retained within body wall Invisible round, stalked observed in spermathecal pores and male pores region Invisible