Table 2. Morphological comparisons of two new species and related species.
Species Host stromata Perithecia Asci Ascospores Conidiogenous cells Conidia References
O. bidoupensis Larva of Elateridae (Coleoptera) Solitary, solid, cylindrical, yellow, 11.8-22.5 cm long. Immersed, pyriform to lanceolate, brown-yellow, 213.4-405.9 × 74.8-192.4 μm. Hyaline, slender, 116.1-192.7 × 4.8-7.5 μm. Hyaline, filiform, multi-septate. Cone, hyaline, septate, smooth-walled, forming on hyphae, with a hypertrophic base, tapering abruptly into a thin neck, smooth-walled, 13.8-46.4 × 0.42-5.13 μm. Oval or briolette, hyaline, smooth-walled, 2.24-3.61 × 1.49-2.70 μm. This study
O. brunneipunctata Larva of Elateridae (Coleoptera) Solitary, rarely up to 3, simple, 25-90 mm high. Immersed, perithecioid, brown, ovate to pyriform, brown-walled, 270-335 × 110-160 μm. Hyaline, cylindric, capitate, 8-spored, 280-295 × 6-7 μm. Hyaline, filiform, multiseptate breaking into 64 part spores, 4-6 × 1-1.5 μm. Monophialidic, rarely polyphialidic, hyaline, smooth, 5.5-7.5 × 2.5-3.0 μm at the base, up to 15 × 0.5 μm above. Hyaline, aseptate, smooth, spherical 1.5-2.5 μm diam., enveloped by a mucous sheath. Hywel-Jones 1995b; Luangsa-ard et al. 2008
O. cossidarum Larva of Cossidae (Lepidoptera) Solitary, simple, 40-70 mm high. Immersed, red, ovate to phialide, red-walled, 355-454 × 136-171 μm. Hyaline, cylindrical, 8-spored with a thickened apex, 174-221 × 5.7-7 μm. Hyaline, fifiliform, multiseptate,131-153 × 1.8-2.2 μm, breaking into 32 part-spores. - - Hyde et al. 2017
O. furcatosubulata Larva of Elateridae (Coleoptera) Single, solid, yellow to brown, 40-80 mm long, 1.5-2.2 mm wide. Immersed, long ovoid or pyriform, 289.6-405.8 × 87.0-159.2 µm. Hyaline, cylindrical, 138.8-202.5 × 4.3-6.0 μm. Hyaline, filiform, multi-septate, finally breaking into secondary ascospores, 3.7-5.3 × 1.3-2.0 μm. Polyphialidic, forming on conidiophores or side branches, hyaline, with a slender or subulate base, tapering gradually, smooth-walled or verruculose, 3.5-15.8 × 0.9-1.7 μm. Solitary, aseptate, smooth-walled, broadly ellipsoid or ellipsoid, 1.5-2.5 × 1.2-1.9 μm. Wang et al. 2021a
O. houaynhangensis Larva of Coleoptera Solitary, cylindrical, cream, up to 11 cm long and 1.5-2.5 mm in width. Completely immersed, obclavate, 300-450 × 80-170 µm. Cylindrical, 100-250 × 4-7.5 µm. Hyaline, cylindrical, breaking into 32 small truncate part-spores, 4-7 × 1-2 µm. Monophialidic, phialides flasked-shaped with long necks, up to 30 µm long and 2-4 µm in breadth; phialide necks up to 18 μm long and 0.5 µm in breadth. Hyaline, smooth, spherical, 2-3 µm. Crous et al. 2018
O. langbianensis Larva of Coleoptera Solitary, rarely branched, 40-100 mm long. Immersed, ovate or pyriform, 260-400 × 100-190 µm. Cylindrical, with thickened cap, 200-250 × 5.0-6.0 μm. Fliform, multiseptate, articulated in long-chain afer discharging, sometimes breaking into 1-celled part spores, 5-7.5 × 1.3-2 µm. Divergent. Chains, elliptical. Lao et al. 2021
O. sobolifera Cicada nymph (Cicadidae, Hemiptera) Commonly single, rarely fasciculated by twos or threes, arising from head among polster, clavate or cylindric 2-8 cm long, 2-6 mm thick, become hollow after maturity. Rectangularly immersed, ampullaceous 500-600 × 220-260 μm, with somewhat long neck, ostiola somewhat prominent, walls hyaline 8-16 μm thick. Cylindric, 400-470 × 5.6-6.3 μm. Finally breaking into secondary ascospores, truncate at both ends, 6-12 × 1.0-1.3 μm. - Terminal or lateral, ellpsoid or fusiformed, hyaline, 6.5-10.5 × 2.5-4.0 μm. Kobayasi and Shimizu 1963
O. yakusimensis Cicada nymph (Cicadidae, Hemiptera) Very long attaining 14 cm, arising from the apical part between eyes. Wholly embeddèd, narrow ovoid or almost naviculate, 740-800 × 170-230 μm, without protruding ostiola, neck almost destitute, wall 21-23 μm thick, composed of very thin cells. 270-310 × 5 μm. Finally breaking into secondary ascospores, long cylindrical, somewhat attenuated on both sides, terminally truncate, 10-15 × 1 μm. - - Kobayasi and Shimizu 1963
Ophiocordyceps longissima Cicada nymph (Cicadidae, Homoptera) 5-20 cm long, some times much longer. Ovoid to long ovoid, with a short neck, 440-590 × 130-300 µm. 190-350 × 5-6 µm. - - - Sung et al. 2011
O. khonkaenensis Cicada nymph (Hemiptera) Variable in number, solitary to three, 20-30 mm long and 2-3 mm in breath. Immersed, flask shaped, 590-700 × 200-300 µm. Cylindrical, 237.5-337.5 × 5-6 µm. Filiform, 300-360 × 1-1.5 µm readily breaking into 32 part-spores, 7-13 × 1-1.5 µm. Phialidic, hirsutella-like, 5.5-11 × 2-3 µm. Hyaline, fusiform, smoothwalled, 3-5.5 × 1-3 µm. Crous et al. 2019
O. hydrangea Cicada nymph (Cicadidae, Hemiptera) Solitary, the top of the stroma similar to Ophiocordyceps hydrangea, pale pink,1.6-6.4 cm long. - - - Solitary or whorled, ampuliform, smooth-walled, forming on conidiophores or colonies, hyaline, with swollen base, and slender top, 10.6-17.6 µm long, 2.9-4.3 µm wide at the swollen base, and 1.1-2.2 µm wide at the slender top. Hyaline, ovoid or long oval, solitary, 6.8-10.1 × 3.3-4.5 µm. This study