Published March 31, 2025
| Version v1
Journal article
Open
El control humano sobre los procesos biológicos: avances, beneficios y riesgos de la manipulación genética
Creators
- 1. Grupo "Ecology and Survival of Microorganims", Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular Microbiana, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
- 2. Grupo Inoculantes Microbianos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México
- 3. Licenciatura en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México
- 4. Alianzas y Tendencias BUAP
Description
RESUMEN
La manipulación genética ha revolucionado la ciencia biológica, permitiendo un control sin precedentes sobre la vida a nivel molecular. Este avance ha sido clave en la medicina, la agricultura, la microbiología y la biotecnología industrial, con beneficios que van desde la erradicación de enfermedades hasta la producción de cultivos más resistentes. Sin embargo, la capacidad de modificar el ADN también plantea preocupaciones éticas y riesgos potenciales, como la posibilidad de usos indebidos con fines eugenésicos o comerciales. Este manuscrito explora el equilibrio entre el progreso científico y la responsabilidad ética en la manipulación genética, analizando tanto sus aplicaciones beneficiosas como las amenazas que podrían derivarse de un uso irresponsable.
ABSTRACT
Genetic manipulation has revolutionized biological science, enabling unprecedented control over life at the molecular level. This advancement has been pivotal in medicine, agriculture, microbiology, and industrial biotechnology, with benefits ranging from disease eradication to the development of more resilient crops. However, the ability to modify DNA also raises ethical concerns and potential risks, such as the possibility of misuse for eugenic or commercial purposes. This manuscript explores the balance between scientific progress and ethical responsibility in genetic manipulation, analyzing both its beneficial applications and the threats that could arise from irresponsible use.
Files
8) Morales-García et al., 2025.pdf
Files
(605.1 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:bfc4fff07a75bfa37e7ccfe1ac2ddf59
|
605.1 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
Identifiers
- URL
- https://www.aytbuap.mx/aytbuap-1037/el-control-humano-sobre-los-procesos-biol%C3%B3gicos
- Handle
- 20.500.12371/27187
- Other
- https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gyRfaEHPO4T53N5m4zD-BS5wTfseHS4t/view
References
- Prado JV, Ortiz CC, Villa VN. Estrategia de enseñanza de Biología Molecular para la edición genética In Silico: Una experiencia disruptiva. Rev Ciencias Pedagógicas e Innovación. 2023 Jun 28;11(1 SE-Artículos científicos). Disponible en: https://incyt.upse.edu.ec/pedagogia/revistas/index.php/rcpi/article/view/684
- Pons Rafols X. Biología sintética y derecho internacional: débiles consensos ante desafíos inmensos. Rev Española Derecho Int. 2021 Mar 28;73(2):311–36. Disponible en: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27074029
- Ausländer S, Ausländer D, Fussenegger M. Synthetic Biology—The Synthesis of Biology. Angew Chemie Int Ed. 2017 Jun 1;56(23):6396–419. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/anie.201609229?msockid=2fa08a48afb36a8f2b698477ae916bb5
- Aminian-Dehkordi J, Rahimi S, Golzar-Ahmadi M, Singh A, Lopez J, Ledesma-Amaro R, et al. Synthetic biology tools for environmental protection. Biotechnol Adv. 2023;68:108239. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0734975023001465
- Robson Marsden H, Kros A. Self-Assembly of Coiled Coils in Synthetic Biology: Inspiration and Progress. Angew Chemie Int Ed. 2010 Apr 12;49(17):2988–3005. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.200904943?msockid=2fa08a48afb36a8f2b698477ae916bb5
- Gupta RM, Musunuru K. Expanding the genetic editing tool kit: ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR-Cas9. J Clin Invest. 2014 Oct 1;124(10):4154–61. Disponible en: https://www.jci.org/articles/view/72992
- Jacinto F V, Link W, Ferreira BI. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing: From basic research to translational medicine. J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Apr 1;24(7):3766–78. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcmm.14916
- Gostimskaya I. CRISPR–Cas9: A History of Its Discovery and Ethical Considerations of Its Use in Genome Editing. Biochem. 2022;87(8):777–88. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0006297922080090
- Moon S Bin, Kim DY, Ko J-H, Kim Y-S. Recent advances in the CRISPR genome editing tool set. Exp Mol Med. 2019;51(11):1–11. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-019-0339-7
- Cohen SN. DNA cloning: A personal view after 40 years. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2013 Sep 24;110(39):15521–9. Disponible en: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1313397110
- Zheng Y, Li Y, Zhou K, Li T, VanDusen NJ, Hua Y. Precise genome-editing in human diseases: mechanisms, strategies and applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9(1):47. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-024-01750-2
- Paix A, Folkmann A, Goldman DH, Kulaga H, Grzelak MJ, Rasoloson D, et al. Precision genome editing using synthesis-dependent repair of Cas9-induced DNA breaks. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2017 Dec 12;114(50):E10745–54. Disponible en: https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1711979114
- Savić N, Schwank G. Advances in therapeutic CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Transl Res. 2016;168:15–21. Disponible en: https://www.translationalres.com/article/S1931-5244(15)00332-1/fulltext
- Kim D, Alptekin B, Budak H. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in wheat. Funct Integr Genomics. 2018;18(1):31–41. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10142-017-0572-x
- Dunbar CE, High KA, Joung JK, Kohn DB, Ozawa K, Sadelain M. Gene therapy comes of age. Science. 2018 Jan 12;359(6372):eaan4672. Disponible en: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aan4672
- Pixley K V, Falck-Zepeda JB, Giller KE, Glenna LL, Gould F, Mallory-Smith CA, et al. Genome Editing, Gene Drives, and Synthetic Biology: Will They Contribute to Disease-Resistant Crops, and Who Will Benefit? Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2019;57(Volume 57, 2019):165–88. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31150590/
- Zhang X, Lin Y, Wu Q, Wang Y, Chen G-Q. Synthetic Biology and Genome-Editing Tools for Improving PHA Metabolic Engineering. Trends Biotechnol. 2020 Jul 1;38(7):689–700. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167779919302446
- Nawaz T, Gu L, Hu Z, Fahad S, Saud S, Zhou R. Advancements in Synthetic Biology for Enhancing Cyanobacterial Capabilities in Sustainable Plastic Production: A Green Horizon Perspective. Vol. 5, Fuels. 2024. p. 394–438. Disponible en: https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3994/5/3/23
- Xiang L, Li G, Wen L, Su C, Liu Y, Tang H, et al. Biodegradation of aromatic pollutants meets synthetic biology. Synth Syst Biotechnol. 2021;6(3):153–62. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405805X21000338
- Iqbal A, Ping J, Ali S, Zhen G, Kang JZ, Yi PZ, et al. Conservation of endangered species through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Conserv Genet Resour. 2021;13(3):349–57. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12686-021-01204-9
- Fatollahi Arani S, Zeinoddini M. Gene editing: biosecurity challenges and risks. J-Police-Med. 2023 Apr 1;12(1):1–19. Disponible en: https://jpmed.ir/article-1-1171-en.html
- Melin A. Overstatements and Understatements in the Debate on Synthetic Biology, Bioterrorism and Ethics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021;9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.703735
- Li J, Zhao H, Zheng L, An W. Advances in Synthetic Biology and Biosafety Governance. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021;9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.598087
- Sui H, Xu X, Su Y, Gong Z, Yao M, Liu X, et al. Gene therapy for cystic fibrosis: Challenges and prospects. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1015926
- Cideciyan A V, Aleman TS. Gene therapy for young children with congenital blindness. Lancet. 2025 Feb 22;405(10479):601–3. Disponible en: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(25)00232-6/abstract
- Chaytow H, Faller KME, Huang Y-T, Gillingwater TH. Spinal muscular atrophy: From approved therapies to future therapeutic targets for personalized medicine. Cell Reports Med. 2021 Jul 20;2(7). Disponible en: https://www.cell.com/cell-reports-medicine/fulltext/S2666-3791(21)00195-6
- Caddeo A, Romeo S. Precision medicine and nucleotide-based therapeutics to treat steatotic liver disease. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2025 Feb;31(Suppl):S76–93. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39103998/
- Knowles JK, Helbig I, Metcalf CS, Lubbers LS, Isom LL, Demarest S, et al. Precision medicine for genetic epilepsy on the horizon: Recent advances, present challenges, and suggestions for continued progress. Epilepsia. 2022 Oct 1;63(10):2461–75. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/epi.17332
- Sandhu R, Chaudhary N, Bindia, Shams R, Singh K, Pandey VK. A critical review on integrating bio fortification in crops for sustainable agricultural development and nutritional security. J Agric Food Res. 2023;14:100830. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266615432300337X
- Ahmed S. Genetic Modification of Microorganisms: Applications in Industry and Medicine. Front Biotechnol Genet. 2024;1(01):72–87. Disponible en: https://sprcopen.org/FBG/article/view/71
- Kaki SB, Naga Prasad A, Chintagunta AD, Dirisala VR, Sampath Kumar NS, Naidu SJK, et al. Industrial Scale Production of Recombinant Human Insulin using Escherichia coli BL-21. Iran J Sci Technol Trans A Sci. 2022;46(2):373–83. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40995-022-01269-7
- Shams A, Fischer A, Bodnar A, Kliegman M. Perspectives on Genetically Engineered Microorganisms and Their Regulation in the United States. ACS Synth Biol. 2024 May 17;13(5):1412–23. Disponible en: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssynbio.4c00048
- Watson J. Synthetic Biology: State Regulation in the Biomedical Context. Am J Law Med. 2022;48(4):447–68. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37039757/
- Dev SI. Is it morally justified to create disabled designer babies? Jindal Glob Law Rev. 2021;12(2):311–35. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41020-021-00152-7
- Khairatun Hisan U, Romero CB. Designer Babies are No Longer Science Fiction: What are The Ethical Considerations?. Bincang Sains dan Teknol. 2023 Oct 19;2(03 SE-Articles):124–32. Disponible en: https://journal.iistr.org/index.php/BST/article/view/437
- CEYHAN B. Ethical Limits of Academicians in Europe to Genetic Practices and Eugenics: Case Study. Turkiye Klin J Med Ethics-Law Hist. 2024;32(2):116–22. Disponible en: https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/en-ethical-limits-of-academicians-in-europe-to-genetic-practices-and-eugenics-case-study-107617.html
- Kim H, Ho CWL, Ho C-H, Athira PS, Kato K, De Castro L, et al. Genetic discrimination: introducing the Asian perspective to the debate. npj Genomic Med. 2021;6(1):54. Disponible en: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41525-021-00218-4
- Arjunan A, Darnes DR, Sagaser KG, Svenson AB. Addressing Reproductive Healthcare Disparities through Equitable Carrier Screening: Medical Racism and Genetic Discrimination in United States' History Highlights the Needs for Change in Obstetrical Genetics Care. Vol. 12, Societies. 2022. Disponible en: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4698/12/2/33
- Haris M, Muhammad H, Ajmal N, Bashir H. Impacts of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) on Environment and Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review. Trends Anim Plant Sci. 2023;2:9–16. Disponible en: https://trendsaps.com/articles/2-0-9-16.pdf
- Ngongolo K, Mmbando GS. Necessities, environmental impact, and ecological sustainability of genetically modified (GM) crops. Discov Agric. 2025;3(1):29. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44279-025-00180-0
- Turnbull C, Lillemo M, Hvoslef-Eide TAK. Global Regulation of Genetically Modified Crops Amid the Gene Edited Crop Boom – A Review. Front Plant Sci. 2021;12. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.630396
- Mueller NG, Flachs A. Domestication, crop breeding, and genetic modification are fundamentally different processes: implications for seed sovereignty and agrobiodiversity. Agric Human Values. 2022;39(1):455–72. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10460-021-10265-3