case_images: PMC10272756_01
case_images: Localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Case 1. Radiation-induced LBP: Multiple skin erosions confined to the right breast. On the upper medial quadrant a flaccid blister can be distinguished (*). (C, D) Case 2. Thermal burns-induced LBP: Multiple plaques in the abdomen 6 months after an accidental burn. Note the presence of milia cysts ( ) and a small tense vesicle (*). (E, F) Case 3. LBP induced by Central venous port insertion: Serous and sero-hemorrhagic tense blisters confined to the upper right chest. Note a small protuberance near the scar corresponding to the Port-a-Cath  device. (G) Case 4. Radiation-induced LBP: Presence of erosions and a tense vesicle localized on the right chest (*). (H) Case 5. LBP induced by orthopedic surgery: Tense bullae, erosions and crusting over an erythematous base located predominantly over the surgical scar. (I) Case 6. LBP induced by rosacea: Multiple erosions over an erythematous base on the nasal tip. (J) Case 7. LBP induced by right hemiparesis: Presence of erosions, crusting and post-inflammatory pigmentation on the right lower limb.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_07_fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: A 77-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke with residual right hemiparesis, presented two years later with pruritic papules and blisters restricted to the hemiparetic right lower extremity ( Figure 1J ).
case_images: Histology and immunofluorescence studies of localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Indirect immunofluorescence of radiation-induced LBP: IgG autoantibodies bound to the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of monkey esophagus (A). These IgG autoantibodies also bound to the epidermal side of 1M salt-split-skin BMZ (B). (C-E) Histology and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) of LBP induced by thermal burns. Images show a subepidermal blister with superficial dermal mixed inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils and lymphocytes (C). Direct immunofluorescence showed linear IgG (D) and C3 (E) deposits on the BMZ.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g002.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_02_fimmu-14-1160779-g002.jpg
case_images: f2
case_images: Histology showed a subepidermal blister with a mixed lympho-eosinophilic infiltrate ( Figure 2C ). IgG and C3 along the BMZ ( Figures 2D, E ). IIF and ELISA assays were not performed.
case_images: PMC10272756_02
case_images: Localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Case 1. Radiation-induced LBP: Multiple skin erosions confined to the right breast. On the upper medial quadrant a flaccid blister can be distinguished (*). (C, D) Case 2. Thermal burns-induced LBP: Multiple plaques in the abdomen 6 months after an accidental burn. Note the presence of milia cysts ( ) and a small tense vesicle (*). (E, F) Case 3. LBP induced by Central venous port insertion: Serous and sero-hemorrhagic tense blisters confined to the upper right chest. Note a small protuberance near the scar corresponding to the Port-a-Cath  device. (G) Case 4. Radiation-induced LBP: Presence of erosions and a tense vesicle localized on the right chest (*). (H) Case 5. LBP induced by orthopedic surgery: Tense bullae, erosions and crusting over an erythematous base located predominantly over the surgical scar. (I) Case 6. LBP induced by rosacea: Multiple erosions over an erythematous base on the nasal tip. (J) Case 7. LBP induced by right hemiparesis: Presence of erosions, crusting and post-inflammatory pigmentation on the right lower limb.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_07_fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: A 77-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke with residual right hemiparesis, presented two years later with pruritic papules and blisters restricted to the hemiparetic right lower extremity ( Figure 1J ).
case_images: Histology and immunofluorescence studies of localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Indirect immunofluorescence of radiation-induced LBP: IgG autoantibodies bound to the basement membrane zone (BMZ) of monkey esophagus (A). These IgG autoantibodies also bound to the epidermal side of 1M salt-split-skin BMZ (B). (C-E) Histology and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) of LBP induced by thermal burns. Images show a subepidermal blister with superficial dermal mixed inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils and lymphocytes (C). Direct immunofluorescence showed linear IgG (D) and C3 (E) deposits on the BMZ.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g002.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_02_fimmu-14-1160779-g002.jpg
case_images: f2
case_images: Histology showed a subepidermal blister with a mixed lympho-eosinophilic infiltrate ( Figure 2C ). IgG and C3 along the BMZ ( Figures 2D, E ). IIF and ELISA assays were not performed.
case_images: PMC10272756_03
case_images: Localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Case 1. Radiation-induced LBP: Multiple skin erosions confined to the right breast. On the upper medial quadrant a flaccid blister can be distinguished (*). (C, D) Case 2. Thermal burns-induced LBP: Multiple plaques in the abdomen 6 months after an accidental burn. Note the presence of milia cysts ( ) and a small tense vesicle (*). (E, F) Case 3. LBP induced by Central venous port insertion: Serous and sero-hemorrhagic tense blisters confined to the upper right chest. Note a small protuberance near the scar corresponding to the Port-a-Cath  device. (G) Case 4. Radiation-induced LBP: Presence of erosions and a tense vesicle localized on the right chest (*). (H) Case 5. LBP induced by orthopedic surgery: Tense bullae, erosions and crusting over an erythematous base located predominantly over the surgical scar. (I) Case 6. LBP induced by rosacea: Multiple erosions over an erythematous base on the nasal tip. (J) Case 7. LBP induced by right hemiparesis: Presence of erosions, crusting and post-inflammatory pigmentation on the right lower limb.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_07_fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: A 77-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke with residual right hemiparesis, presented two years later with pruritic papules and blisters restricted to the hemiparetic right lower extremity ( Figure 1J ).
case_images: PMC10272756_04
case_images: Localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Case 1. Radiation-induced LBP: Multiple skin erosions confined to the right breast. On the upper medial quadrant a flaccid blister can be distinguished (*). (C, D) Case 2. Thermal burns-induced LBP: Multiple plaques in the abdomen 6 months after an accidental burn. Note the presence of milia cysts ( ) and a small tense vesicle (*). (E, F) Case 3. LBP induced by Central venous port insertion: Serous and sero-hemorrhagic tense blisters confined to the upper right chest. Note a small protuberance near the scar corresponding to the Port-a-Cath  device. (G) Case 4. Radiation-induced LBP: Presence of erosions and a tense vesicle localized on the right chest (*). (H) Case 5. LBP induced by orthopedic surgery: Tense bullae, erosions and crusting over an erythematous base located predominantly over the surgical scar. (I) Case 6. LBP induced by rosacea: Multiple erosions over an erythematous base on the nasal tip. (J) Case 7. LBP induced by right hemiparesis: Presence of erosions, crusting and post-inflammatory pigmentation on the right lower limb.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_07_fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: A 77-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke with residual right hemiparesis, presented two years later with pruritic papules and blisters restricted to the hemiparetic right lower extremity ( Figure 1J ).
case_images: PMC10272756_05
case_images: Localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Case 1. Radiation-induced LBP: Multiple skin erosions confined to the right breast. On the upper medial quadrant a flaccid blister can be distinguished (*). (C, D) Case 2. Thermal burns-induced LBP: Multiple plaques in the abdomen 6 months after an accidental burn. Note the presence of milia cysts ( ) and a small tense vesicle (*). (E, F) Case 3. LBP induced by Central venous port insertion: Serous and sero-hemorrhagic tense blisters confined to the upper right chest. Note a small protuberance near the scar corresponding to the Port-a-Cath  device. (G) Case 4. Radiation-induced LBP: Presence of erosions and a tense vesicle localized on the right chest (*). (H) Case 5. LBP induced by orthopedic surgery: Tense bullae, erosions and crusting over an erythematous base located predominantly over the surgical scar. (I) Case 6. LBP induced by rosacea: Multiple erosions over an erythematous base on the nasal tip. (J) Case 7. LBP induced by right hemiparesis: Presence of erosions, crusting and post-inflammatory pigmentation on the right lower limb.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_07_fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: A 77-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke with residual right hemiparesis, presented two years later with pruritic papules and blisters restricted to the hemiparetic right lower extremity ( Figure 1J ).
case_images: PMC10272756_06
case_images: Localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Case 1. Radiation-induced LBP: Multiple skin erosions confined to the right breast. On the upper medial quadrant a flaccid blister can be distinguished (*). (C, D) Case 2. Thermal burns-induced LBP: Multiple plaques in the abdomen 6 months after an accidental burn. Note the presence of milia cysts ( ) and a small tense vesicle (*). (E, F) Case 3. LBP induced by Central venous port insertion: Serous and sero-hemorrhagic tense blisters confined to the upper right chest. Note a small protuberance near the scar corresponding to the Port-a-Cath  device. (G) Case 4. Radiation-induced LBP: Presence of erosions and a tense vesicle localized on the right chest (*). (H) Case 5. LBP induced by orthopedic surgery: Tense bullae, erosions and crusting over an erythematous base located predominantly over the surgical scar. (I) Case 6. LBP induced by rosacea: Multiple erosions over an erythematous base on the nasal tip. (J) Case 7. LBP induced by right hemiparesis: Presence of erosions, crusting and post-inflammatory pigmentation on the right lower limb.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_07_fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: A 77-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke with residual right hemiparesis, presented two years later with pruritic papules and blisters restricted to the hemiparetic right lower extremity ( Figure 1J ).
case_images: PMC10272756_07
case_images: Localized bullous pemphigoid (LBP). (A, B) Case 1. Radiation-induced LBP: Multiple skin erosions confined to the right breast. On the upper medial quadrant a flaccid blister can be distinguished (*). (C, D) Case 2. Thermal burns-induced LBP: Multiple plaques in the abdomen 6 months after an accidental burn. Note the presence of milia cysts ( ) and a small tense vesicle (*). (E, F) Case 3. LBP induced by Central venous port insertion: Serous and sero-hemorrhagic tense blisters confined to the upper right chest. Note a small protuberance near the scar corresponding to the Port-a-Cath  device. (G) Case 4. Radiation-induced LBP: Presence of erosions and a tense vesicle localized on the right chest (*). (H) Case 5. LBP induced by orthopedic surgery: Tense bullae, erosions and crusting over an erythematous base located predominantly over the surgical scar. (I) Case 6. LBP induced by rosacea: Multiple erosions over an erythematous base on the nasal tip. (J) Case 7. LBP induced by right hemiparesis: Presence of erosions, crusting and post-inflammatory pigmentation on the right lower limb.
case_images: fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10272756_07_fimmu-14-1160779-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: A 77-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke with residual right hemiparesis, presented two years later with pruritic papules and blisters restricted to the hemiparetic right lower extremity ( Figure 1J ).