case_images: PMC10875076_01
case_images: Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) of relapsed/refractory anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The first biopsy: (A) Pathological HE image of the patient's right axillary lymph node (100x). (B) Pathological HE image of the patient's right axillary lymph node (200x). The second biopsy: (C) Pathological HE image of the patient's abdomen mass (100x). (D) Pathological HE image of the patient's abdomen mass (200x).
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case_images: The diagnosis of ALCL was confirmed using a right axillary lymph node biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis ( Figure 1 ). The patient was diagnosed with relapsed/refractory ALCL after an abdominal mass biopsy ( Figure 1 ).
case_images: The therapeutic response after anti-CD30 CAR T-cell infusion. (A) Schematic diagrams of CAR construct. The third-generation CAR was composed of a single chain variable fragment (scFv), two costimulatory domains from CD28 and 4-1BB, and CD3zeta chain as activation domain. The scFv was derived from a murine monoclonal antibody against human CD30. Abbreviations: SP, signal peptide; VL, variable L chain; L, linker; VH, variable H chain. (B) The copies of CAR30 transgenes in the peripheral blood detected by ddPCR. (C) Dynamic changes in ferritin after CAR T cell infusion. (D) Dynamic changes in IL-6 after CAR T cell infusion.
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case_images: The structure is as shown in  Figure 2A . CAR30 transgene copy numbers in the peripheral blood was detected by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) ( Figure 2B ). The serum ferritin and interleukin-6 levels were assessed after cell infusion ( Figure 2 ).
case_images: The 18F-FDG PET/CT images of relapsed/refractory ALCL. (A) From left to right: diagnosed as relapsed/refractory ALCL;1 month before ASCT and CAR T-cell therapy;3 months after ASCT and CAR T-cell therapy. (B) The metabolic images of retroperitoneal enlarged lymph nodes during disease recurrence, before ASCT and CAR T-cell treatment and 3 months after treatment (from left to right). (C) The metabolic images of right scapular muscle group during disease recurrence, before ASCT and CAR T-cell treatment and 3 months after treatment (from left to right).
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case_images: PET-CT evaluation 3 months after treatment showed that the retroperitoneal soft tissue focus was significantly reduced or had disappeared ( Figure 3 ). PET-CT assessments at 3, 6, and 12 months after autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) and CAR
case_images: The timeline of disease status and the corresponding clinical treatment.
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case_images: T-cell therapy, the patient was disease-free. The timeline of clinical treatment and disease status is shown in  Figure 4 .