case_images: PMC11707204_01
case_images: 3D TTE imaging of VSR. A The 3D TTE image reveals multiple VSR defects located in the apical region of the left ventricle, with the largest defect measuring 17 mm, indicated by red and white arrows. B An En Face view from the 3D TTE modality shows the shape and clear delineation of the three VSR defects, highlighted by three red arrows
case_images: 43044_2024_601_Fig1_HTML.jpg
case_images: PMC11707204_01_43044_2024_601_Fig1_HTML.jpg
case_images: Fig1
case_images: During the TTE examination using 3D imaging, we also identified multiple defects in the apical region of the LV (Figs. 1A and 1B).
case_images: 2D and 3D TTE imaging during and after transcatheter closure of VSR. A The 2D TTE image displays the catheter crossing from the RV to the LV through the VSR defect. B The 2D TTE image shows the ASD device being deployed in the LV and then pulled into the RV to cover the VSR defect. C The 3D TTE evaluation after device deployment confirms that the device is well positioned over the VSR defect, with mild central leakage observed
case_images: 43044_2024_601_Fig2_HTML.jpg
case_images: PMC11707204_01_43044_2024_601_Fig2_HTML.jpg
case_images: Fig2
case_images: We then proceeded with placing a wire and catheter from the RV to the LV through the defect, guided by fluoroscopy and assisted by TTE (Fig. 2A). Subsequently, we inserted an ASD occluder device through the defect (Fig. 2B). Our evaluation showed that the device was well-seated on the defect, with minimal central residual flow (Fig. 2C).