case_images: PMC11373578_01
case_images: Changes in bronchoscopy findings during serial treatment of intratracheal metastasis in Case 1. a1-a3 Bronchoscopy findings at the first recurrence. Bronchoscopy shows intratracheal tumor. Histopathological examination of tumor tissue obtained by biopsy shows adenocarcinoma. b1 Bronchoscopy findings at the second recurrence. Bronchoscopy shows recurrent lesions in the membranous portion. First, the stalked tumor lesion was resected using a high-frequency electrosurgical snare. b2, b3 Bronchoscopy findings during the first transbronchial cryoablation. Flexible cryoprobe was applied three times for 30 s each cycle for all recurrent lesions in the visible range. c1 Two months after the first transbronchial cryoablation, bronchoscopy shows recurrence. c2, c3 Bronchoscopy findings during the second transbronchial cryoablation, performed using the same method as in the first procedure. d1 Bronchoscopy at 3 months after the second transbronchial cryoablation shows recurrence. d2 Bronchoscopy findings during the third transbronchial cryoablation. The third transbronchial cryoablation was performed using the same methods as in the first and second procedures. e Five months after the third transbronchial cryoablation, bronchoscopy shows no obvious recurrence.
case_images: res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F01.jpg
case_images: PMC11373578_01_res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F01.jpg
case_images: F1
case_images: An 86-year-old woman underwent bronchial artery embolization and radiotherapy (60 Gy/30 Fr) of intratracheal metastases to treat hemoptysis associated with postoperative recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma, pT2aN0M0 (Fig. 1a1-a3). Bronchoscopy showed recurrent lesions in the membranous portion (Fig. 1b1). The flexible cryoprobe was applied three times for 30 s per cycle to all recurrent lesions in the visible range (Fig. 1b2, b3). Two months after the first transbronchial cryoablation, bronchoscopy showed recurrence (Fig. 1c1). A second transbronchial cryoablation was performed using the same procedure as the initial treatment (Fig. 1c2, c3). A third transbronchial cryoablation was performed using the same procedure as previously (Fig. 1d1, d2). Five months after the third cryoablation, bronchoscopy showed no obvious recurrence (Fig. 1e).
case_images: Contrast-enhanced CT findings at recurrence in Case 1. Sagittal (left) and axial (right) contrast-enhanced CT images show irregular wall thickening in the dorsal trachea with contrast effect and no obvious extra-tracheal invasion of the tumor (arrows).
case_images: res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F02.jpg
case_images: PMC11373578_02_res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F02.jpg
case_images: F2
case_images: After resection of the tumor via a high-frequency electrosurgical snare (Fig. 4a1, a2), a flexible cryoprobe was inserted. One month later, bronchoscopy showed no obvious recurrence (Fig. 4b1, b2).
case_images: Imaging findings at recurrence in Case 2. a Contrast-enhanced CT shows a nodule of diameter 80 mm in the right bronchus intermedius (arrow). b Positron emission tomography-CT shows nodular accumulation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (maximum standardized uptake = 5.8).
case_images: res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F03.jpg
case_images: PMC11373578_02_res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F03.jpg
case_images: F3
case_images: Six months after the surgery, CT revealed a nodule of diameter 8 mm in the right bronchus intermedius (Fig. 3a). Positron emission tomography-CT showed nodular accumulations of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (maximum standardized uptake = 5.8) suggesting recurrence of lung cancer (Fig. 3b).
case_images: PMC11373578_02
case_images: Contrast-enhanced CT findings at recurrence in Case 1. Sagittal (left) and axial (right) contrast-enhanced CT images show irregular wall thickening in the dorsal trachea with contrast effect and no obvious extra-tracheal invasion of the tumor (arrows).
case_images: res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F02.jpg
case_images: PMC11373578_02_res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F02.jpg
case_images: F2
case_images: After resection of the tumor via a high-frequency electrosurgical snare (Fig. 4a1, a2), a flexible cryoprobe was inserted. One month later, bronchoscopy showed no obvious recurrence (Fig. 4b1, b2).
case_images: Imaging findings at recurrence in Case 2. a Contrast-enhanced CT shows a nodule of diameter 80 mm in the right bronchus intermedius (arrow). b Positron emission tomography-CT shows nodular accumulation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (maximum standardized uptake = 5.8).
case_images: res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F03.jpg
case_images: PMC11373578_02_res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F03.jpg
case_images: F3
case_images: Six months after the surgery, CT revealed a nodule of diameter 8 mm in the right bronchus intermedius (Fig. 3a). Positron emission tomography-CT showed nodular accumulations of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (maximum standardized uptake = 5.8) suggesting recurrence of lung cancer (Fig. 3b).
case_images: Changes in bronchoscopy findings during the treatment of intermediate bronchial metastasis in Case 2. a1, a2 Bronchoscopy shows intermediate bronchial tumor at the time of recurrence. Histopathological examination of tumor tissue obtained by biopsy showed squamous cell carcinoma. First, the tumor was resected using a high-frequency electrosurgical snare. a3, a4 Bronchoscopy findings during the transbronchial cryoablation. Flexible cryoprobe was applied three times for 30 s each cycle for recurrent lesions resected in the visible range. b1, b2 Bronchoscopy findings after transbronchial cryoablation. One month after transbronchial cryoablation, bronchoscopy shows no obvious recurrence.
case_images: res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F04.jpg
case_images: PMC11373578_02_res-2024-0103-0009-540299_F04.jpg
case_images: F4
case_images: Bronchoscopy revealed a tumor in the bronchus intermedius (Fig. 4a1). After resection of the tumor via a high-frequency electrosurgical snare (Fig. 4a1, a2), a flexible cryoprobe was inserted. The flexible cryoprobe was applied to all recurrent lesions in the visible range four times for 30 s per cycle (Fig. 4a3, a4). One month later, bronchoscopy showed no obvious recurrence (Fig. 4b1, b2).