case_images: PMC10808341_01
case_images: Series chest HRCT scans during his stay in the hospital and after discharge from the hospital. (A1-A3) scan obtained on illness days 10 showed patchy high-density shadows and a pulmonary air cyst in the right upper lobe. (B1-B3) scan obtained on illness days 17 showed the patchy shadows fused into lobe consolidation shadow and the pneumonia lesion and the air cyst apparently enlarged. (C1-C3) scan obtained on illness days 29 and (D1-D3) scan obtained 2 months after discharged showed the infected lesion in the right upper lobe and the volume of right lung gradually decreased.
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case_images: PMC10808341_01_fcimb-13-1296491-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: C-reactive protein (CRP) (283.91 mg/L) levels, while white blood cell (WBC) count and other parameters were normal. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed patchy high-density shadows and a pulmonary air cyst in the right upper lung (Figures 1A1-A3). On day +8 of admission, an additional chest CT scan showed that the patchy shadows had fused into an enlarged lobe consolidation shadow, and a new left-sided pleural effusion was observed, indicating that the initial treatment was ineffective (Figures 1B1-B3). By day +20 of hospitalization, chest CT scans showed a gradual decrease in the consolidation shadow and volume of the right lung (Figures 1C1-C3). At a follow-up visit 2 months later, chest CT scans revealed that the lesion had been absorbed and both lungs had re-expanded (Figures 1D1-D3). A phylogenetic tree was drawn using BV-BRC, an information system combined with data and tools for bacterial and viral infectious diseases (Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center, version 3.28.9) (Supplementary Figure 1), using closely related Streptomyces species and different strains (published with complete genome sequence) of Streptomyces albireticuli from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database.
case_images: Gram stain of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF), demonstrating gram-positive, filamentous, nonspore-forming bacilli (x1000).
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case_images: PMC10808341_01_fcimb-13-1296491-g002.jpg
case_images: f2
case_images: C-reactive protein (CRP) (283.91 mg/L) levels, while white blood cell (WBC) count and other parameters were normal. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed patchy high-density shadows and a pulmonary air cyst in the right upper lung (Figures 1A1-A3). These organisms developed aerial hyphae, which were clearly visible in the lactophenol cotton blue stain (Figures 2, 3). On day +8 of admission, an additional chest CT scan showed that the patchy shadows had fused into an enlarged lobe consolidation shadow, and a new left-sided pleural effusion was observed, indicating that the initial treatment was ineffective (Figures 1B1-B3). By day +20 of hospitalization, chest CT scans showed a gradual decrease in the consolidation shadow and volume of the right lung (Figures 1C1-C3). At a follow-up visit 2 months later, chest CT scans revealed that the lesion had been absorbed and both lungs had re-expanded (Figures 1D1-D3).
case_images: Laetophcnol cotton lalue stain stain demonstrating thin fast filaments (aerial hyphae) of Streptomyces spp. (x400).
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case_images: PMC10808341_01_fcimb-13-1296491-g003.jpg
case_images: f3
case_images: C-reactive protein (CRP) (283.91 mg/L) levels, while white blood cell (WBC) count and other parameters were normal. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed patchy high-density shadows and a pulmonary air cyst in the right upper lung (Figures 1A1-A3). These organisms developed aerial hyphae, which were clearly visible in the lactophenol cotton blue stain (Figures 2, 3). On day +8 of admission, an additional chest CT scan showed that the patchy shadows had fused into an enlarged lobe consolidation shadow, and a new left-sided pleural effusion was observed, indicating that the initial treatment was ineffective (Figures 1B1-B3). By day +20 of hospitalization, chest CT scans showed a gradual decrease in the consolidation shadow and volume of the right lung (Figures 1C1-C3). At a follow-up visit 2 months later, chest CT scans revealed that the lesion had been absorbed and both lungs had re-expanded (Figures 1D1-D3).
case_images: Blood agar appeared whitish, dry, with wrinkled small colonies biting agar.
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case_images: PMC10808341_01_fcimb-13-1296491-g004.jpg
case_images: f4
case_images: These colonies exhibited velvety texture and developed white aerial hyphae after 72 h of aerobic growth (Figure 4). The Streptomyces albireticuli strain possesses strong-hemolytic activity, which becomes apparent after 72h of cultivation, as shown in Figure 4.