case_images: PMC10985175_01
case_images: CT angiogram revealed numerous thrombosis sites. The superior vena cava displayed an area of complete distal thrombosis between the right atrium shedding and the azygos vein cross opening in the superior vena cava, on a length of 2.8 cm, with dilated azygos (red arrow) and hemiazygos veins (blue arrow).
case_images: fsurg-11-1181802-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC10985175_01_fsurg-11-1181802-g001.jpg
case_images: F1
case_images: The superior vena cava displayed an area of complete distal thrombosis proximal to the right limb shedding on a length of 2.8 cm with dilated azygos and hemiazygos veins and the azygos vein cross opening in the superior vena cava above the thrombosis (Figure 1).
case_images: The inferior vena cava (arrow) showed significant decalibration near the L4 vertebral body with no lumen detected.
case_images: fsurg-11-1181802-g002.jpg
case_images: PMC10985175_01_fsurg-11-1181802-g002.jpg
case_images: F2
case_images: Numerous serpiginous venous trajectories (venous collaterals) drain the blood from the lower extremity into the paravertebral veins and through them in the inferior vena cava through the subhepatic and retrohepatic segment (Figure 2).
case_images: PMC10985175_02
case_images: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) with pseudo-aneurysm (arrow) developed on the brachial artery followed by complete thrombosis.
case_images: fsurg-11-1181802-g003.jpg
case_images: PMC10985175_02_fsurg-11-1181802-g003.jpg
case_images: F3
case_images: An AVF fistula was done on the same side as the previous one, between the brachial artery and the cephalic vein, with successful maturation. After the first fistula puncture, a pseudo-aneurysm developed followed by complete thrombosis (Figure 3).
case_images: During surgery, a 4 mm linear lesion was identified on the posterior wall of the post fistula vein in the middle third of the arm (arrow), feeding a 7/3 cm bisacular intramuscular pseudo-aneurysm located posterior to the vein (not visible in the image).
case_images: fsurg-11-1181802-g004.jpg
case_images: PMC10985175_02_fsurg-11-1181802-g004.jpg
case_images: F4
case_images: PMC10985175_03