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case_images: PMC10896900_02
case_images: Preoperative immune status of patient 1and immune infiltration in adjacent normal tissue of patient 2.
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case_images: The preoperative biopsy specimen of patient 1 with dMMR suggests CD3+T-cell aggregation at the tumor's periphery rather than the center ( Figure 1 ). Postoperative specimens indicate limited CD3+T lymphocyte infiltration in the adjacent normal tissue surrounding the tumor ( Figure 1 ).
case_images: Further postoperative immune status of both patients (panel 2: DAPI, PANCK, CD38, CD8, CD8, MPO, CD4, PD-L1, CD11c, CD14).
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case_images: In patient 1, there is a higher prevalence and proportion of CD20+B-cell aggregation ( Figure 2 ). In randomly selecting three equally sized regions of interest for comparison in two patients, we observe a trend of immune cell clustering in the treated tumors, particularly in areas centered around PD-L1 expression ( Figures 2 ,  3 ).
case_images: Basic immune characteristics of postoperative specimens (panel 1: DAPI, PANCK, PD-L1, CD3, CD20, CD68).
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case_images: While more lymphocytes were seen in the core of tumor center ( Figure 3 ). In randomly selecting three equally sized regions of interest for comparison in two patients, we observe a trend of immune cell clustering in the treated tumors, particularly in areas centered around PD-L1 expression ( Figures 2 ,  3 ).
case_images: Immune infiltration comparison postsurgery between patient 1 and patient 2. Three randomly selected tumor areas of 1 mm2 each were analyzed.
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case_images: After undergoing chemotherapy and combination immunotherapy, patient 2 exhibited a significantly higher density of CD68+macrophages, CD4 + T lymphocytes, and CD11c+ dendritic cells compared with patient 1 ( Figure 4 ). Notably, CD68-positive macrophages, CD4+T lymphocytes, and CD11c +dendritic cells show a relative increase in patient 2 ( Figure 4 ). While no significant differences were observed in other cell types, these findings may suggest an activation of the immune state following treatment and residual tumor lesions possess efficient immune response ( Figure 4 ).