case_images: PMC11222329_01
case_images: Retinal and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of patient 1. (A,B) Before and after four injections of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI). (C) Before the first injection. (D) One month after the first injection, the macular edema (ME) completely resolved. (E) Three months after the first injection, the ME recurred, and the second injection was prescribed. (F) Two months after the second injection, the ME completely resolved. (G) Three months after the second injection, ME recurred, and the third injection was prescribed. (H) Two months after the third injection, the ME completely resolved. (I) Three months after the third injection, macular injection recurred, and the fourth injection was prescribed. (J) OCT image of the last visit. The macula remained fluid-free for nine months after the fourth injection, until the last visit.
case_images: fmed-11-1362108-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC11222329_01_fmed-11-1362108-g001.jpg
case_images: fig1
case_images: Funduscopic examination, fundus photographs, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scan (Figure 1) showed severe ME with tortuous retinal veins, scattered retinal hemorrhagic, and CWSs in the posterior pole with no obvious non-perfusion area or neovascularization.
case_images: PMC11222329_02
case_images: Retinal and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of patient 2. (A,B) Retinal and OCT images on presentation. Flame-like disc hemorrhages as well as "dot and blot" hemorrhages over the whole retina were obvious. OCT demonstrated severe macular and disc edema. (C,D) Five months after injection of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI). Most of the hemorrhages and the macular edema resolved.
case_images: fmed-11-1362108-g002.jpg
case_images: PMC11222329_02_fmed-11-1362108-g002.jpg
case_images: fig2
case_images: On physical examination, optic disc edema, flame-like disc hemorrhages, "dot and blot" hemorrhages, and ME were noticed (Figure 2), and the diagnosis of CRVO of the left eye was made.
case_images: PMC11222329_03
case_images: Retinal and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of patient 3. (A,B) Retinal and OCT images on presentation. Notice the edematous disc, scattered cotton wool spots (CWSs) in the posterior pole, and "dot and blot" retinal hemorrhages. The white retinal vessels in the periphery indicated extensive retinal ischemia, corresponding to the hyper-reflective band spanning the inner nuclear layer (INL). (C,D) Two months after the intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, the CWS and hemorrhage were partially absorbed. However, OCT demonstrated a recurrence of macular edema (ME). (E,F) One month after the injection of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI), most CWSs and ME resolved, with some remnant of retinal hemorrhages. INL atrophy could be observed.
case_images: fmed-11-1362108-g003.jpg
case_images: PMC11222329_03_fmed-11-1362108-g003.jpg
case_images: fig3
case_images: On fundus examination, the disc was edematous, with scattered CWSs and "dot and blot" hemorrhages of the posterior pole and a grayish edematous retina in the upper nasal quadrant (Figure 3).