case_images: PMC9780257_01
case_images: The timeline during hospitalization.
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case_images: The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, with recurrent cough and phlegm that had been present for more than 10 years. The timeline during hospitalization is shown in  Figure 1 , and the complete case progress record in detail is reported as follows.
case_images: The lesion of Bronchus on fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
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case_images: Airway secretions can be found via fiberoptic bronchoscopy; the lesions of the bronchus are presented in  Figure 2 .
case_images: The representative image: changing in the patient's chest CT. The CT on June 26, 2022, compared with May 29, 2021, showed more serious pneumonia with bronchiectasis in the RML and LLL. However, after the identification of Nocardia species and systemic treatment, the imaging on August 1, 2022, showed improvement.
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case_images: Figure 3 ). Finally, she was discharged on August 1, 2022, and 7 days of SMZ treatment was continued.
case_images: The coverage map of N. gipuzkoensis.
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case_images: The coverage map of N. gipuzkoensis is shown in  Figure 4 .
case_images: Phylogenetic trees based on the sequences of 16S rRNA gene (A) and housekeeping genes (B) show the phylogenetic position of the sample in this study within the evolutionary radiation of the genus Nocardia. The housekeeping genes contains hsp65, secA1, gyrB, and rpoB. The methods of determining phylogeny are following the steps: comparing multiple sequences by MAFFT, extracting conserved sequences by Gblocks, and then constructing the Neighbor-Joining by TreeBeST.
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case_images: The phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the sequences of 16S rRNA gene and housekeeping genes and are shown as  Figure 5 .