case_images: PMC10783641_01
case_images: Dynamic angiography of the left vertebral artery. (A and B) The patient's blood flow is in the neutral position. Frontal and lateral views. (C and D) Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with mechanical compression on vessels on the left rather than the right side. (E) DSA of the vertebral artery when turned upward to the left side. (F) DSA of the vertebral artery with the vertebral artery facing the left downward side.
case_images: ytad639f1.jpg
case_images: PMC10783641_01_ytad639f1.jpg
case_images: ytad639-F1
case_images: Vertebral artery angiography revealed 75% stenosis of the left vertebral artery, even in the anterior position (Figures 1 and 2).
case_images: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) of the vertebral artery. (A and B) IVUS of the left vertebral artery in the normal cephalic position [A: normal site, B: the most stenotic site (calcified lesion at ~90 ), C: a partially attached plaque]. (D-F) IVUS with left inferior rotation (D: normal site, E: a highly stenotic lesion with the calcified lesion, (F): plaque adhesion with worsened stenosis).
case_images: ytad639f2.jpg
case_images: PMC10783641_01_ytad639f2.jpg
case_images: ytad639-F2
case_images: Vertebral artery angiography revealed 75% stenosis of the left vertebral artery, even in the anterior position (Figures 1 and 2). Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) showed semi-circumferential calcification and an atherosclerotic lesion (Figure 2). The left vertebral artery was highly stenosed, especially when the patient faced down on the left side (Figure 2).