case_images: PMC11735731_01
case_images: (a) Chest x-ray, (b, c) computed tomography, and (d) 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) at first admission showed tumors in the left main bronchus and left hilar lymphadenopathy. (e) Bronchoscopy with standard observations from the carina revealed a tumor in front of the left second carina. (f) Bronchoscopy with standard observations showed a tumor obstructing the left main bronchus.
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case_images: Chest x-ray (Figure 1a), computed tomography (CT) (Figure 1b,c), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) (Figure 1d) revealed tumors in the left main bronchus and left hilar lymphadenopathy. Bronchoscopy showed that the left main bronchus was obstructed by one of the tumors (Figure 1e,f).
case_images: (a) Hematoxylin and eosin-stained section of squamous cell carcinoma (bar = 200 mum). (b) No residual cancer cells were detected in the resected left lower lobe, and a pathological complete response was diagnosed.
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case_images: Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed from transbronchial lung biopsy specimens (Figure 2a). Pathological findings showed pCR (Figure 2b).
case_images: Clinical course of the patient. Only one cycle of pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy was administered. At the end of the first cycle, the patient developed CTCAE grade 2 immune-related pneumonitis, which necessitated the discontinuation of chemoimmunotherapy. Prednisolone (60 mg/body) was then initiated. Ground-glass opacities disappeared and, thus, prednisolone was tapered and discontinued. CBDCA, carboplatin; nab-PTX, nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel; pCR, pathological complete response.
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case_images: Ground-glass opacities subsequently disappeared; therefore, prednisolone was tapered and discontinued (Figure 3).