case_images: PMC11792167_01
case_images: Histologic images of the samples of nasal mucosal tissue that were collected by endoscopic biopsies (H&E stain). (A) Low magnification (20x). (B) High magnification (400x). The section revealed an unencapsulated, modestly infiltrative vascular neoplasm extending through the submucosal stroma and to the specimen margins. The neoplasm featured polygonal to fusiform endothelial cells forming solid nests and incomplete vascular channels, supported by a collagenous stroma with capillary-like spaces and occasional larger cavities. These cells had a mitotic count of 4 (4 mitotic figures per 10 HPF), scant to modest eosinophilic cytoplasm, smooth polychromatic nuclei, and small indistinct nucleoli. Minimal secondary inflammation was noted, and no infectious agents were identified.
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case_images: fig1
case_images: Computed tomography (CT) scans and histopathology confirmed nasal hemangiosarcoma (Figure 1).
case_images: Computed tomography (CT) images of a nasal hemangiosarcoma and the tumor's feeding arteries. Pre-contrast (A) and post-contrast (B) CT dorsal images revealed a diffuse mass extending from the right nostril to the mid-level of the nasopharynx. The mass showed significant hyperattenuation, indicating substantial vascularization (B). The main feeding arteries to the mass were identified on a maximum intensity projection image (C), including the right infraorbital artery (short white arrow), right external ophthalmic artery (white arrowhead), and right descending palatine artery (short black arrow).
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case_images: fig2
case_images: In addition, severe erosive and permeative osteolysis was present in the surrounding bones, causing significant thinning and displacement of the nasal septum and vomer bone and loss of the bone margin at the right cribriform plate (Figures 2A,B). The tumor's main feeding branches (infraorbital, descending palatine, and external ophthalmic arteries) were identified in the arterial phase (Figure 2C).
case_images: Angiographic imaging of the canine nasal hemangiosarcoma before and after embolization. Angiographic image of the canine head before embolization (A) showed the feeding arteries to the nasal mass (RDp, the right descending palatine artery; RIa, right infraorbital artery; REo, right external ophthalmic artery). The white bar indicates the embolization location; the feeding arteries were blocked and were not imaged (B).
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case_images: fig3
case_images: After the procedure, angiography confirmed the blockage of the vessels supplying the tumor (Figure 3).
case_images: Longitudinal transverse CT imaging of the canine nasal hemangiosarcoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Sagittal CT imaging (A) shows the canine head; a horizontal line indicates the level corresponding to the transverse CT images presented in B-F. The transverse images provide a longitudinal view of the tumor's response to TACE over time. Taken before the TACE procedure, the tumor's initial size was clearly visible (B). By 1 month after TACE, the tumor size was mildly smaller (C). This reduction was sustained at 3 months, as seen in image (D). At 7 months post-TACE, the tumor size remained reduced (E), indicating ongoing control of the tumor. At 10 months after TACE, further tumor size reduction and improved fluid accumulation within the frontal sinus (F) were evident.
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case_images: fig4
case_images: Post-TACE follow-up CT scans at 1, 3, 7, and 10 months showed a sustained reduction in tumor size (Figure 4).