case_images: PMC11832220_01
case_images: Clinical course of lung infiltration after catheter ablation. (A and B) Chest computed tomography (CT) scans 6 months after catheter ablation just before the beginning of antibiotic therapy. (C and D) Chest CT scans 10 days after antibiotic therapy.
case_images: scr-11-01-24-0034-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC11832220_01_scr-11-01-24-0034-g001.jpg
case_images: F1
case_images: AF along with administration of anticoagulants at his previous hospital. After 6 months of treatment, hemoptysis appeared and chest computed tomography (CT) showed an infiltration shadow in the lower lobe of the left lung (Figs. 1A and 1B), and he was diagnosed as bacterial pneumonia. Despite 10 days of antibiotic therapy, there was no improvement, and the infiltration shadow worsened (Figs. 1C and 1D).
case_images: Pulmonary vein occlusion occurred after catheter ablation. (A and B) 2-dementional (2-D) axial images and 3-D construction images of contrast-enhanced chest CT scan before catheter ablation. (C and D) 2-D axial images and 3-D construction images of contrast-enhanced chest CT scan 6 months after catheter ablation.
case_images: scr-11-01-24-0034-g002.jpg
case_images: PMC11832220_01_scr-11-01-24-0034-g002.jpg
case_images: F2
case_images: A PVS after catheter ablation was considered and a contrast-enhanced chest CT scan confirmed a complete occlusion of the left inferior pulmonary vein (Fig. 2).
case_images: Intraoperative images. (A) The swollen left lower lobe (LLL) with a dark reddish visceral pleura and a malodorous pleural effusion. (B) The left inferior pulmonary vein and LLL bronchus stump and descending aorta.. IPV, inferior pulmonary vein; Br, LLL bronchus stump; Ao, descending aorta
case_images: scr-11-01-24-0034-g003.jpg
case_images: PMC11832220_01_scr-11-01-24-0034-g003.jpg
case_images: F3
case_images: The lower lobe of the left lung was dark red with a bad smell, and there was 500 ml of bloody pleural fluid (Fig. 3A). After the bronchus was transected, the surrounding tissue around the inferior pulmonary vein was dissected and palpation confirmed that the peripheral side of the occlusion area of the pulmonary vein was not sclerosed (Fig. 3B).
case_images: Representative histological images of the resected lung.
case_images: scr-11-01-24-0034-g004.jpg
case_images: PMC11832220_01_scr-11-01-24-0034-g004.jpg
case_images: F4
case_images: Pathological examination revealed that PVS with thickened pulmonary vein walls in all layers and multiple hemorrhagic infarctions in the lung parenchyma were observed (Fig. 4).