case_images: PMC10551124_01
case_images: (Left) Color flow Doppler image of the suspected caudal vena cava thrombus showing no evidence of blood flow within it (asterisk). (Right) Laparoscopic view of the liver before biopsies. Note the congested liver parenchyma of the left liver lobes (arrow) compared to the normal parenchyma of the right side (arrowhead).
case_images: fvets-10-1197236-g0001.jpg
case_images: PMC10551124_01_fvets-10-1197236-g0001.jpg
case_images: F1
case_images: The absence of blood flow was identified within the thrombosed lumen on Doppler interrogation (Figure 1, left). On laparoscopic examination of the abdomen, the left division of the liver appeared congested (Figure 1, right).
case_images: (A) Dorsal reconstruction of dog's computed tomography before administration of contrast medium. Note the mineralization inside the mass/thrombus (arrow). (B) Dorsal reconstruction of dog's computed tomography (arterial phase). Note the minimal contrast enhancement compared to (A). (C) Sagittal reconstruction of dog's computed tomography showing a large mass/thrombus (asterisk) completely obstructing the caudal vena cava. (D) Dorsal reconstruction of the dog's CT showing the large mass/thrombus occupying the caudal vena cava (cross) and invading into the left hepatic vein (triangle). Note the patchy appearance of the congested left liver lobes. No parenchymal invasion of the mass is noted.
case_images: fvets-10-1197236-g0002.jpg
case_images: PMC10551124_01_fvets-10-1197236-g0002.jpg
case_images: F2
case_images: The dog was anesthetized, and a CT examination with an angiogram of the abdomen revealed the presence of a large amount of mixed soft tissue/mineral attenuating material in the caudal vena cava and left hepatic vein (Figure 2).
case_images: (A) Hematoxylin and eosin 40x: a neoplastic spindle cell proliferation filling the lumen of the caudal vena cava (CVC) where the neoplastic cell permeate the wall of the vein abutting hepatic tissue. (B) Hematoxylin and eosin 40x: luminal osteosarcoma filling the lumen and partially attached to the wall of the caudal vena cava (CVC). The neoplasm comprises multifocal deposition of osteoid (O). (C) Hematoxylin and eosin 200x: the neoplasm is composed of mitotically active, plum spindle to stellate cells that are multifocally centered on branched eosinophilic osteoid material (O) (bar is equal to 100 mum in each picture).
case_images: fvets-10-1197236-g0003.jpg
case_images: PMC10551124_01_fvets-10-1197236-g0003.jpg
case_images: F3
case_images: On microscopic examination, the caudal vena cava mass was composed of spindle-to-stellate neoplastic cells organized in streams and whorls embedded within mildly fibrous stroma that contained multiple branched fibrillar eosinophilic material consistent with osteoid (Figure 3).