case_images: PMC4731900_01
case_images: A chest computed tomography scan showing tracheal stenosis at thoracic inlet before treatment in Case 1
case_images: 13019_2016_417_Fig1_HTML.jpg
case_images: PMC4731900_01_13019_2016_417_Fig1_HTML.jpg
case_images: Fig1
case_images: A chest computed tomography (CT; Fig. 1) revealed tracheal stenosis at the thoracic inlet, patchy, nodule-like and streaking lesions with uneven density in both lobes of the lung, and normal lymph node sat mediastinum and lung hilus.
case_images: Photographs showing bronchus stenosis before and after treatment in Case 1. a Photographs showing bronchus lumen before treatment; b Photographs showing bronchus lumen immediately after treatment; c Photographs showing bronchus lumen 50 days after treatment
case_images: 13019_2016_417_Fig2_HTML.jpg
case_images: PMC4731900_01_13019_2016_417_Fig2_HTML.jpg
case_images: Fig2
case_images: The bronchial lumen expanded only slightly following the procedure (Fig. 2a, b). A repeat bronchoscopy showed that the ring-like scar stenosis was dilated, allowing the passage of bronchoscopy (BF IT-260, Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) (Fig. 2c).
case_images: PMC4731900_02
case_images: A chest computed tomography scan showing tracheal stenosis and right bronchial stenosis of the patient in Case 2
case_images: 13019_2016_417_Fig3_HTML.jpg
case_images: PMC4731900_02_13019_2016_417_Fig3_HTML.jpg
case_images: Fig3
case_images: Lower tracheal stenosis, right bronchus stenosis and right pleural thickening were also observed (Fig. 3).
case_images: Photographs showing tracheal and bronchus stenosis in Case 2. a Photographs showing the middle and lower tracheal stenosis, and right main bronchus stenosis with caseous necrotic material attached to the nozzle exit before the treatment; b Photographs showing the narrowed trachea and right main bronchus immediately after the first treatment; c Photographs showing the middle and lower tracheal, and right main bronchus after the fifth treatment
case_images: 13019_2016_417_Fig4_HTML.jpg
case_images: PMC4731900_02_13019_2016_417_Fig4_HTML.jpg
case_images: Fig4
case_images: For the right main bronchus stenosis, BC-260 bronchoscope could not even pass (Fig. 4b). The orifice of the right main bronchus was still narrowed, could not permit the passage of the bronchoscopy (BC-260), but the caseous necrotic materials disappeared (Fig. 4c).