case_images: PMC8047076_01
case_images: (A) Clinical course of the patient. (B,C) Numbers of (B) leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and (C) platelets in the peripheral blood after the AML diagnosis. (D) Donor cell chimerism in the bone marrow (BM) following allo-HSCT. In (B-D), the dotted vertical line indicates the timing of tislelizumab administration. GC, glucocorticoid; AZA, azacytidine; t-MDS, therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome; ts-AML, treated secondary-acute myeloid leukemia. URD-HSCT, unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
case_images: fimmu-12-639217-g0001.jpg
case_images: PMC8047076_01_fimmu-12-639217-g0001.jpg
case_images: F1
case_images: Unfortunately, the patient was diagnosed with therapy-related MDS (t-MDS) in February 2019 according to the WHO classification (Figure 1A). Gut aGVHD was resistant to steroid and second-line treatment, and the patient subsequently developed hematochezia, enteric infections, septic shock, and metabolic acidosis secondary to gut GVHD and died 6 days later (Figures 1B-D).