case_images: PMC11135820_01
case_images: Left ventriculography showing the noncompacted myocardium (arrow) [Video 1]
case_images: JCE-34-38-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC11135820_01_JCE-34-38-g001.jpg
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case_images: At 58 years of age, during admission for deterioration of heart failure that required respiratory management, overlapping LVNC and HCM was diagnosed by echocardiography and left ventriculography [Figure 1 and Video 1].
case_images: (a) Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrating the noncompacted myocardium (yellow arrow) and asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (white arrow), (b) Color Doppler echocardiography demonstrating color Doppler blood flow into the intertrabecular recesses (arrow) [Video 2]
case_images: JCE-34-38-g002.jpg
case_images: PMC11135820_01_JCE-34-38-g002.jpg
case_images: jcecho_4_24-f002
case_images: Additionally, excessive trabeculation with deep intertrabecular recesses were observed at the apex, lateral and posterior aspects of the left ventricular (LV) wall [Figure 2a]. The ratio between the noncompacted and compacted layers was approximately 2.0-2.5, and color Doppler flow into the intertrabecular recesses from the LV cavity [Figure 2b and Video 2] fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for LVNC.
case_images: (a) Intraoperative view of the enlarged left ventricle [Video 3], (b) Moderately calcified bicuspid aortic valve with right-noncoronary cusp fusion
case_images: JCE-34-38-g003.jpg
case_images: PMC11135820_01_JCE-34-38-g003.jpg
case_images: jcecho_4_24-f003
case_images: Through median sternotomy, the markedly dilated left ventricle was confirmed [Figure 3a and Video 3]. The excised native aortic valve was a moderately calcified bicuspid type 1 aortic valve with right-noncoronary cusp fusion [Figure 3b].