case_images: PMC11800114_01
case_images: Information on ancillary tests for patients in clinical care. (A) Inflammation of the lower lobe of the left lung and pleural effusion. (B) Cytological examination. (C) Percutaneous lung biopsy. (D) Pulmonary artery CT scan. (E) Pulmonary vein contrast-enhanced CT scan shows left lower pulmonary vein occlusion. (F) Bleeding artery embolization. (G) Lung CT shows improvement in condition. (H) Review lung CT on March 1, 2024.
case_images: fcvm-11-1509227-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC11800114_01_fcvm-11-1509227-g001.jpg
case_images: F1
case_images: Subsequently, in January 2022, the patient experienced chest pain, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath, with chest CT revealing inflammation in the lower lobe of the left lung and pleural effusion (Figure 1A). Cytological examination post bronchoscopy and alveolar lavage indicated the presence of red blood cells, respiratory epithelial cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, with no cancer cells detected (Figure 1B). Tissue changes in the left lower lobe aspirate were consistent with pulmonary hemorrhage and infarction (Figure 1C). A pulmonary artery CT scan on April 22, 2022 confirmed left lower PV occlusion, reduced perfusion, and volume reduction in the left lower lobe of the lung (Figure 1D). The scan revealed occlusion between the left lower PV and the left atrium, with absence of contrast agent filling and presence of multiple patchy high-density shadows in the corresponding lung fields (Figure 1E). Subsequent interventions included arterial embolization to address recurrent hemoptysis resulting from pulmonary infarction (Figure 1F). The patient experienced gradual relief of symptoms and a chest CT scan confirmed a significant reduction in the size of lesions in the lower lobe of the left lung (Figure 1G). The patient underwent a review of chest CT on March 1, 2024 (Figure 1H).