case_images: PMC9744924_01
case_images: Clinical course. A kidney transplantation was performed in May 2021. Plasma exchange was performed in September 15, 2021. After the EPO antibody turned negative, the patient didn't rely on blood transfusion any more. Hb, hemoglobin; Ret, reticulocyte; Tac, tacrolimus; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; pred, prednisone; CTX, cyclophosphamide; Sir, sirolimus; CsA, cyclosporine; KT, kidney transplant; PE, plasma exchange.
case_images: fimmu-13-1049444-g001.jpg
case_images: PMC9744924_01_fimmu-13-1049444-g001.jpg
case_images: f1
case_images: IU twice a week and roxadustat was added later due to his hemoglobin (Hb) below the target range ( Figure 1 ). In June 2020, his The kidney graft functioned immediately after the surgery, and roxadustat combined with rHuEPO injection subcutaneously were continued for his anemia ( Figure 1 ). Due to the limited availability and long turn-around time of the anti-EPO antibody test, as well as the need for dynamic monitoring of the therapeutic effect, we created a simple mixing test to quantify the antibody titer ( Supplementary Figure 1 ). The detailed treatment course is shown in  Figure 1 .
case_images: EPO antibody titer and EPO levels of the patient.
case_images: fimmu-13-1049444-g002.jpg
case_images: PMC9744924_01_fimmu-13-1049444-g002.jpg
case_images: f2
case_images: The dynamic changes of anti-EPO antibody titers and EPO levels of the patient are shown in  Figure 2 .