case_images: PMC10879946_01
case_images: Posteroanterior (A) and lateral (B) thorax radiography showing enlargement of the mediastinum (lobulated mass of 9.0 cm).
case_images: cureus-0016-00000052705-i01.jpg
case_images: PMC10879946_01_cureus-0016-00000052705-i01.jpg
case_images: FIG1
case_images: T cell expansion. There was no evidence of monoclonal gammopathy or complement consumption. Thoracic radiography and computed tomography scan (Figure 1 and Figure 2, respectively) revealed an anterior mediastinal solid mass.
case_images: CT-Chest showing a heterogeneous anterior mediastinal solid lesion (7.9x6.7x6.2cm), with areas of central hypocaptation and millimetre calcification, along with lobulated contours, resulting in a significant reduction in the caliber of the distal strand of the left brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava and contact with the right atrial appendage.
case_images: cureus-0016-00000052705-i02.jpg
case_images: PMC10879946_01_cureus-0016-00000052705-i02.jpg
case_images: FIG2
case_images: T cell expansion. There was no evidence of monoclonal gammopathy or complement consumption. Thoracic radiography and computed tomography scan (Figure 1 and Figure 2, respectively) revealed an anterior mediastinal solid mass.
case_images: Type B1 thymoma. (A) Encapsulated tumor with fibrous bands (arrow) separating it into lobules, composed of scattered epithelial cells, positive in p40 (B) in a dense background of immature T cells, TdT+ (C); foci of medullary differentiation (arrowhead) are present.. Photos courtesy of Dr. Mafalda Pinho Fialho and Dr. Cristina Ferreira (Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal).
case_images: cureus-0016-00000052705-i03.jpg
case_images: PMC10879946_01_cureus-0016-00000052705-i03.jpg
case_images: FIG3
case_images: Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging shows coronal (A) and axial (B) views of an anterior mediastinum mass (thymoma) with invasion of the left brachycephalic venous trunk and pericardium. The superior vena cava and ascending aorta are in continuity with the lesion, resulting in significant compression of the superior vena cava.
case_images: cureus-0016-00000052705-i04.jpg
case_images: PMC10879946_01_cureus-0016-00000052705-i04.jpg
case_images: FIG4