case_images: PMC10524777_01
case_images: Patient position for the preprocedural ultrasound scan of the musculocutaneous nerve proximal to the antecubital fossa. (a) From an oblique angle view. (b) From an antero-posterior angle view. Note the position of the target upper extremity in 60  to 90  of shoulder abduction, 90  of shoulder external rotation, and 90  of elbow flexion. Note: The model shown in the photographs is a healthy volunteer. Consent was obtained from the volunteer for publication of these images.
case_images: UCJP_A_2249054_F0002_PB.jpg
case_images: PMC10524777_01_UCJP_A_2249054_F0002_PB.jpg
case_images: f0002
case_images: The patient was positioned in the supine position, with the target upper extremity placed in 60  to 90  of shoulder abduction, 90  of shoulder external rotation, and 90  of elbow flexion (Figure 2).
case_images: Identification of the musculocutaneous nerve in the interfascial muscle plane deep to the biceps brachii and superficial to the brachialis. (a) Anatomical illustration depicting the musculocutaneous nerve in the interfascial muscle plane deep to the biceps brachii and superficial to the brachialis (left side). (b) Corresponding ultrasound scan showing the musculocutaneous nerve and its relation to adjacent structures (right side). Note: The green square in the left-hand figure shows the area of interest, with the musculocutaneous nerve in the interfascial plane deep to the biceps brachii and superficial to the brachialis. BBM = biceps brachii muscle; BM = brachialis muscle; H = humerus; L = lateral; M = medial. *Musculocutaneous nerve.
case_images: UCJP_A_2249054_F0003_PB.jpg
case_images: PMC10524777_01_UCJP_A_2249054_F0003_PB.jpg
case_images: f0003
case_images: At this point, the nerve can be identified in the interfascial muscle plane deep to the biceps brachii and superficial to the brachialis muscles (Figure 3).
case_images: Ultrasound-guided medial-to-lateral in-plane percutaneous deployment of the peripheral nerve stimulator electrode, with visualization of the electrode tip just medial and superficial to the musculocutaneous nerve. Note: BBM = biceps brachii muscle; L = lateral; M = medial. Green arrow shows peripheral nerve stimulator electrode.
case_images: UCJP_A_2249054_F0004_PB.jpg
case_images: PMC10524777_01_UCJP_A_2249054_F0004_PB.jpg
case_images: f0004
case_images: During the procedure, the permanent lead was implanted parallel, at 0.5 cm medial, and superficial to the nerve (Figure 4).
case_images: Fluoroscopic image used only to show final electrode position relative to the humeral shaft, at the level of the mid-humerus.
case_images: UCJP_A_2249054_F0005_B.jpg
case_images: PMC10524777_01_UCJP_A_2249054_F0005_B.jpg
case_images: f0005
case_images: Full sensory stimulation coverage of the antecubital region and lateral (radial) forearm was achieved, and a fluoroscopic image was obtained only to demonstrate the final lead position relative to the humerus (Figure 5).