case_images: PMC11140065_01
case_images: Craniocerebral MRI revealed multiple patchy abnormal signals in the bilateral paraventricular basal ganglia area and the right half oval center, and cerebral MRA showed no abnormalities.
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case_images: PMC11140065_01_fneur-15-1363867-g0001.jpg
case_images: F1
case_images: Softening lesions were considered, and no notable abnormalities were observed in the cerebral blood vessels (Figure 1).
case_images: TEE revealed a foramen ovale of the atrial septum, with a width of ~2.2 mm and a length of ~15 mm.
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case_images: PMC11140065_01_fneur-15-1363867-g0002.jpg
case_images: F2
case_images: Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a fissure-like echo at the foramen ovale of the atrial septum, with a width of ~2.2 mm and a length of ~15 mm (Figure 2).
case_images: (Left) Before PFO closure, right ventricular contrast-enhanced ultrasound indicated positive results. (Right) After 6 months of PFO closure, the right ventricular contrast-enhanced ultrasound was negative, and the TCD foaming test was negative.
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case_images: F3
case_images: During the Valsalva maneuver, a large amount of microbubble echoes were observed in the first cardiac cycle of the left heart (Figure 3, Left). The right ventricular contrast-enhanced ultrasound was negative, and the TCD foaming test was negative (Figure 3, Right).
case_images: This procedure was performed with the implantation of an 18 mm Amplatzer PFO device.
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case_images: F4
case_images: This procedure was performed under local anesthesia with the implantation of an 18 mm Amplatzer PFO device (Figure 4).