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case_images: (A) The treatment and follow-up timeline for the patient; (B) Routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining (x100) revealed non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma at the time of diagnosis; (C) Immunohistochemical DAB staining (x100) showed high expression of CK5/6 on cancer cells; (D) H&E staining (x100) revealed chronic inflammation of the mucosa with no clear malignant lesions after neoadjuvant tislelizumab plus chemotherapy.
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case_images:   Figure 1A  shows the treatment timeline for the patient. Nasal endoscopic biopsy of right inferior nasal passage confirmed that the patient was diagnosed with non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma ( Figure 1B ). Immunohistochemical results showed that anti-CK (+), anti-P40 (+), anti-CK5/6 (+), anti-Ki67 (+, hot spot area 80%) and anti-EGFR (++++) in cancer cells were high positive and anti-EBER (-) was negative ( Figure 1C ). On July 11, 2023, H&E staining suggested: chronic inflammation of the mucosa of the right nasal sinus with polyp formation, with no clear malignant lesions ( Figure 1D ).
case_images: CT findings of the case. (A) Horizontal, (B) coronal, and (C) sagittal CT of sinus before primary treatment showed nasal tract mass accompanied by surrounding bone destruction and multiple slightly enlarged lymph nodes; (D) Horizontal, (E) coronal, and (F) sagittal CT of sinus after 2 cycles neoadjuvant tislelizumab plus chemotherapy showed no tumor lesions.
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case_images: In addition, the mass grows upward and invades part of right sieve sinus ( Figures 2A-C ). Combined with the pathology as well as postoperative enhanced CT ( Figures 2D-F ), postoperative enhanced MRI ( Figures 3D-F ), no tumor lesions were seen, the tumor completely disappeared, and the comprehensive assessment of the tumor condition control was stable.
case_images: MRI findings of the case. (A) Horizontal, (B) coronal, and (C) sagittal MRI of sinus before primary treatment showed abnormal signal in right sieve sinus, maxillary sinus and nasal tract and mucosal thickening of the frontal sinus, the sieve sinus, the maxillary sinus, and the right pterygoid sinus; (D) Horizontal, (E) coronal, and (F) sagittal MRI of sinus after 2 cycle neoadjuvant tislelizumab plus chemotherapy showed no tumor lesions.
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case_images: Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of sinus showed abnormal signal in right sieve sinus, maxillary sinus and nasal tract, mucosal thickening of the frontal sinus, the sieve sinus, the maxillary sinus and the right pterygoid sinus on both sides, and hypertrophy of the left middle and inferior turbinate, considering malignant neoplastic lesions, such as sinus carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, etc., invading the right maxillary sinus bone wall, cribriform plate, and right turbinate ( Figures 3A-C ,  4B ). Combined with the pathology as well as postoperative enhanced CT ( Figures 2D-F ), postoperative enhanced MRI ( Figures 3D-F ), no tumor lesions were seen, the tumor completely disappeared, and the comprehensive assessment of the tumor condition control was stable.
case_images: CT findings of patient in one year follow-up. (A) Horizontal, (B) coronal, and (C) sagittal CT of sinus in one year follow-up showed no tumor lesions.
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case_images: Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of sinus showed abnormal signal in right sieve sinus, maxillary sinus and nasal tract, mucosal thickening of the frontal sinus, the sieve sinus, the maxillary sinus and the right pterygoid sinus on both sides, and hypertrophy of the left middle and inferior turbinate, considering malignant neoplastic lesions, such as sinus carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, etc., invading the right maxillary sinus bone wall, cribriform plate, and right turbinate ( Figures 3A-C ,  4B ). CT was performed on June 04, 2024 and results showed that no tumor lesions were seen, and the comprehensive assessment of the tumor condition control was stable with no recurrence ( Figures 4A-C ). Currently, clinical follow-ups are still being performed and to date, the patient has good compliance and tolerance, and no significant adverse reactions have occurred.