case_images: PMC4820229_01
case_images: CT and CTA images before treatment.. Notes: (A) CT axial scanning reveals a hyperdensity mass on the left of sella turcica. (B) CT contrast scanning reveals enhancement of the parasella mass and dilatation and tortuosity of the left superior ophthalmic vein. (C) CTA image of anterior-posterior projection reveals an enhanced mass at the posterior wall of ICA and enlarged ophthalmic vein. (D) CTA reconstruction image reveals an enhanced mass at the lateral wall of left ICA-associated CCF and the drainage vein.. Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; CTA, computed tomography angiography; ICA, internal carotid artery; CCF, carotid-cavernous fistula.
case_images: ndt-12-707Fig1.jpg
case_images: PMC4820229_01_ndt-12-707Fig1.jpg
case_images: f1-ndt-12-707
case_images: Computed tomography and computed tomography angiography scanning revealed a high-density mass in the left cavernous sinus, which was obviously enhanced after injection of contrast material (Figure 1).
case_images: DSA images before treatment.. Notes: (A) Frontal and (B) lateral angiographic projection of left ICA demonstrates CCF. (C) Microcatheter enters the pouch of the cavernous sinus through the supraclinoid ICA and the PComA. (D) Three-dimensional angiography demonstrates the relationship between the PComA and CCF.. Abbreviations: DSA, digital subtraction angiography; ICA, internal carotid artery; CCF, carotid-cavernous fistula; PComA, posterior communicating artery.
case_images: ndt-12-707Fig2.jpg
case_images: PMC4820229_01_ndt-12-707Fig2.jpg
case_images: f2-ndt-12-707
case_images: Cerebral digital subtraction angiography, three-dimensional angiography, and superselective angiography via a microcatheter clarified the angioarchitecture of this CCF (Figure 2).
case_images: Post-embolization DSA images after endovascular embolization.. Notes: (A and B) Anterior-posterior projection. (C and D) Lateral projection. DSA of the left ICA reveals obliteration of the fistula and no residual filling of the CS in late venous phase. The red arrows indicate detachable platinum coils delivered into the pouch of the cavernous sinus.. Abbreviations: DSA, digital subtraction angiography; ICA, internal carotid artery; CS, cavernous sinus.
case_images: ndt-12-707Fig3.jpg
case_images: PMC4820229_01_ndt-12-707Fig3.jpg
case_images: f3-ndt-12-707
case_images: Axium coils (2 mm x8 cm, 2 mm x6 cm, 1.5 mm x2 cm) were delivered and detached to occlude the PComA. Angiography was performed subsequent to embolization and showed complete occlusion of CCF (Figure 3).