Portrait plot generated by the PCMDI Metrics Package, for seasonal climatology of multiple CMIP5 and CMIP6 variables

Overview scores for CMIP5 (left-hand side of table) and CMIP6 (right-hand side of table) models generated by the PCMDI Metrics Package, for seasonal climatology of multiple variables. RMSE values are normalized by the median of each row, thus indicating relative performance to other models within each row, with negative statistics indicating a better agreement with observations. Models included are only those from institutions that participated in both CMIP5 and CMIP6 historical experiments, in order to trace changes from one ensemble to the next. CMIP5 models are labeled in blue and CMIP6 in red. Detailed analysis information can be found at Lee et al (2024).

Figure is cited in submission 'Systematic Benchmarking of Climate Models: Methodologies, Applications, and New Directions' by Hassler et al. 2025. Code to reproduce this figure can be found at https://zenodo.org/records/17527543.