STUDY OF SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF DRUG FORMS

Various therapeutic agents are used for both preventive and therapeutic purposes in maintaining human health, and the quality preparation of these agents is one of the most critical factors. However, many factors influence the therapeutic efficacy of drug forms, and their investigation is a matter of significance. It should be noted that the science of biopharmaceutics deals with understanding the biological reactions related to drugs within the body. In biopharmaceutics, the equivalence of drugs is evaluated chemically, biologically, and therapeutically. After drugs are prepared in a high-quality manner, their substantial positive impact on the human body depends on processes such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Pharmacokinetics, a subfield of pharmacology, studies these processes. It is essential to emphasize the undeniable role of various factors in the effect of drugs on the body.

The dispensing of medications in pharmacies is accompanied by necessary information from the pharmacist about their administration methods, dosages, dietary regimes, and other rational usage and storage rules. Patients receive information about drug intake from physicians. Unfortunately, in some cases, physicians may provide brief instructions without focusing on specific details of administration, or patients may fail to attach due importance to these details, neglecting the prescribed regimen. Therefore, pharmacists should fill this gap when dispensing medications. Informing patients about drug usage methods is essential to enhance its effectiveness and prevent adverse reactions during treatment.

The irrational use of drugs can significantly reduce their pharmacological effects, irritate the site of administration, and increase their adverse and toxic effects. Considering the numerous environmental factors, the proper use of drugs significantly enhances the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy.

Environmental factors include the complex effects of external conditions (radiation, temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, vibration, air and food composition) and internal conditions (physiological, biochemical, and biophysical characteristics), as well as the state of the organism (body weight, age, gender differences, pregnancy, individual sensitivity to certain drugs, heredity, pathological conditions, etc.). Often, the combined influence of internal and external environmental factors leads to changes in both the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, thereby increasing or decreasing their efficacy.

Body and environmental temperatures affect physiological and biochemical processes in the body. Radiation energy (gamma rays of radioactive substances, X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared rays in the visible spectrum, and radiation) also impacts the effectiveness of drugs. Thus, pharmacotherapy for patients undergoing radiation therapy should be conducted with greater caution. Overall, a detailed study of the factors influencing the therapeutic efficacy of drug forms is essential and relevant.