Q Post 3613 and some words and ideas Q used. IDENTITY CREATION, ECHO CHAMBERS and EMPIRICISM Q has a wonderful post with lots of things to think about, so I looked up some of the concepts Q used, and wanted to share some of them with people that may want a deeper understanding. We may think we know what words mean but it's always nice to read the definitions. IDENTITY CREATION Identity creation is the process of creating a new personal identity or alias for an existing person. It is commonly employed: As part of witness protection program (such as the United States Federal Witness Protection Program) To protect people having risk of being murdered for other reasons, such as honor killing. In order to place law enforcement personnel or secret agents in deep cover. In order to commit fraud.     By fugitives. ECHO CHAMBERS The Internet has expanded the variety and amount of accessible political information. On the positive side, this may create a more pluralistic form of public debate; on the negative side, greater access to information may lead to selective exposure to ideologically supportive channels. In an extreme "echo chamber", one purveyor of information will make a claim, which many like-minded people then repeat, overhear, and repeat again (often in an exaggerated or otherwise distorted form) until most people assume that some extreme variation of the story is true. It is important to distinguish the difference between echo chambers and filter bubbles. Both concepts relate to the ways individuals are exposed to content devoid of clashing opinions, and colloquially might be used interchangeably. However, echo chamber refers to the overall phenomenon by which individuals are exposed only to information from like-minded individuals, while filter bubbles are a result of algorithms that choose content based on previous online behavior, as with search histories or online shopping activity. The echo chamber effect occurs online due to a harmonious group of people amalgamating and developing tunnel vision. Participants in online discussions may find their opinions constantly echoed back to them, which reinforces their individual belief systems. However, individuals who participate in echo chambers often do so because they feel more confident that their opinions will be more readily accepted by others in the echo chamber EMPIRICISM Empiricism is the philosophy of knowledge by observation. It holds that the best way to gain knowledge is to see, hear, touch, or otherwise sense things directly. In stronger versions, it holds that this is the only kind of knowledge that really counts. Empiricism has been extremely important to the history of science, as various thinkers over the centuries have proposed that all knowledge should be tested empirically rather than just through thought-experiments or rational calculation. Empiricism is an idea about how we know things, which means it belongs to the field of epistemology. Empiricism is the theory that the origin of all knowledge is sense experience. It emphasizes the role of experience and evidence, especially sensory perception, in the formation of ideas, and argues that the only knowledge humans can have is a posteriori (i.e. based on experience).