FDA Bans Electrical Stimulation Devices for Self-Injurious or Aggressive Behavior : effective April 6, 2020 I am imagining the use of electrodes in brainwashing techniques...mk-ultra comes to mind...interdasting FDA bans electrical stimulation devices for behavioral treatment in 'rare' move ESDs work by administering an electric shock through electrodes attached to the skin of patients to discourage self-harming or hostile behavior as a form of negative reinforcement. Researchers at the FDA cite evidence that “a number of significant psychological and physical risks are associated with the use of these devices, including worsening of underlying symptoms, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, pain, burns and tissue damage.” Data also suggest that the majority of people who use these devices have an intellectual or other developmental disability, which can interfere with communicating how they feel with the ESD. Most importantly, there is little clinical or scientific evidence that supports the device is actually effective.  The FDA notes that banning a device is rare, but that the agency has the authority to do so when protecting the health of the public.  https://thehill.com/changing-america/well-being/medical-advances/485962-fda-bans-electrical-stimulation-devices-for Banned Devices; Electrical Stimulation Devices for Self-Injurious or Aggressive Behavior https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/03/06/2020-04328/banned-devices-electrical-stimulation-devices-for-self-injurious-or-aggressive-behavior