[Demonstration 1]

[Buggy Method]
@Override
protected void configure() {
    bind(Reader.class).annotatedWith(Names.named("inFile")).toInstance(setupInputReader());
    bind(Writer.class).annotatedWith(Names.named("outFile")).toInstance(setupOutputWriter());
    bind(new TypeLiteral<JsonSerializer<GeoLocation>>() {
    }).to(GeoLocation.GsonAdapter.class).in(Scopes.SINGLETON);
    bind(new TypeLiteral<JsonSerializer<OutputRecord>>() {
    }).to(OutputRecord.GsonAdapter.class).in(Scopes.SINGLETON);
    bind(new TypeLiteral<JsonSerializer<InputRecord>>() {
    }).to(InputRecord.GsonAdapter.class).in(Scopes.SINGLETON);
    if (AppConfig.OutputFormatChoice.PIPE_DELIMITED == config.getFormatChoice()) {
        bind(new TypeLiteral<Formatter<OutputRecord>>() {
        }).to(OutputRecordPipeDelimitedFormatter.class).in(Scopes.SINGLETON);
    } else {
        bind(new TypeLiteral<Formatter<OutputRecord>>() {
        }).to(OutputRecordJsonFormatter.class).in(Scopes.SINGLETON);
    }
    bind(Parser.class).to(InputRecordParser.class);
    bind(LogReader.class).to(AccessLogReader.class);
    bind(LogWriter.class).to(AccessLogWriter.class);
    if (config.useMaxMind()) {
        String pathToCityDB = config.getDatabaseFile();
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(pathToCityDB)) {
            if (!pathToCityDB.endsWith("/")) {
                pathToCityDB += '/';
            }
            pathToCityDB += "GeoLite2-City.mmdb";
        } else {
            pathToCityDB = "GeoLite2-City.mmdb";
        }
        File cityDbFile = new File(pathToCityDB);
        bind(File.class).annotatedWith(Names.named("MaxMind city")).toInstance(cityDbFile);
        String pathToIspDB = config.getDatabaseFile();
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(pathToIspDB)) {
            if (!pathToIspDB.endsWith("/")) {
                pathToIspDB += '/';
            }
            pathToIspDB += "GeoLite2-Isp.mmdb";
        } else {
            pathToIspDB = "GeoLite2-Isp.mmdb";
        }
        File ispDbFile = new File(pathToIspDB);
        bind(File.class).annotatedWith(Names.named("MaxMind isp")).toInstance(ispDbFile);
        bind(GeoLocationService.class).to(MaxMindGeoLocator.class);
    } else {
        bindConstant().annotatedWith(ServiceURI.class).to("http://ipinfo.io");
        bindConstant().annotatedWith(DatabaseFile.class).to(config.getDatabaseFile());
        bind(GeoLocationDAO.class).to(SqliteGeoLocationDAO.class).in(Scopes.SINGLETON);
        bind(GeoLocationService.class).to(IpInfoGeoLocationService.class);
    }
    bind(Main.class).asEagerSingleton();
}

[Buggy Hunk]
bindConstant().annotatedWith(DatabaseFile.class).to(config.getDatabaseFile());

[Patch]
bindConstant().annotatedWith(DatabaseFile.class).to(ObjectUtils.toString(config.getDatabaseFile(),"").trim());

[Demonstration 2]

[Buggy Method]
@Test
public void testPop() {
    IStack stackObj = new Stack();
    final int EMPTY_STACK_VALUE = -1;
    int result = stackObj.pop();
    Assert.assertEquals(EMPTY_STACK_VALUE, result);
    int testValue = 4;
    stackObj.push(testValue);
    result = stackObj.pop();
    Assert.assertEquals(testValue, result);
    result = stackObj.pop();
    Assert.assertEquals(EMPTY_STACK_VALUE, result);
}

[Buggy Hunk]
final int EMPTY_STACK_VALUE = -1;

[Patch]
final int EMPTY_STACK_VALUE = 0;

[Demonstration 3]

[Buggy Method]
@Test
public void getOptionalProjectAppConfigurationFile() throws Exception {
    String testProjectAppConfigurationFile = "staging=temp/myConfig.ini";
    Assert.assertNotNull(testling.getOptionalProjectAppConfigurationFile(testProjectAppConfigurationFile));
}

[Buggy Hunk]
Assert.assertNotNull(testling.getOptionalProjectAppConfigurationFile(testProjectAppConfigurationFile));

[Patch]
Assert.assertNotNull(testling.createOptionalProjectAppConfigurationFile(testProjectAppConfigurationFile));